1
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Detwiler RE, Kramer JR. Preparation and applications of artificial mucins in biomedicine. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 26:101031. [PMID: 37283850 PMCID: PMC10243510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2022.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is an essential barrier material that separates organisms from the outside world. This slippery material regulates the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. The surface of the cell itself is coated in a mucus-like barrier of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Mucin glycoproteins are the primary component of mucus and the epithelial glycocalyx. Aberrant mucin production is implicated in diverse disease states from cancer and inflammation to pre-term birth and infection. Biological mucins are inherently heterogenous in structure, which has challenged understanding their molecular functions as a barrier and as biochemically active proteins. Therefore, many synthetic materials have been developed as artificial mucins with precisely tunable structures. This review highlights advances in design and synthesis of artificial mucins and their application in biomedical studies of mucin chemistry, biology, and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Detwiler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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2
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Kohout VR, Wardzala CL, Kramer JR. Synthesis and biomedical applications of mucin mimic materials. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114540. [PMID: 36228896 PMCID: PMC10066857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mucin glycoproteins are the major component of mucus and coat epithelial cell surfaces forming the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx and mucus are involved in the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. Mucins are also involved in diverse diseases such as cystic fibrosis and cancer. Due to inherent heterogeneity in native mucin structure, many synthetic materials have been designed to probe mucin chemistry, biology, and physics. Such materials include various glycopolymers, low molecular weight glycopeptides, glycopolypeptides, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein conjugates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of mucin mimic materials, and their biomedical applications in glycan binding, epithelial models of infection, therapeutic delivery, vaccine formulation, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Kohout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Casia L Wardzala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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3
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Wisnovsky S, Bertozzi CR. Reading the glyco-code: New approaches to studying protein-carbohydrate interactions. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 75:102395. [PMID: 35653954 PMCID: PMC9811956 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The surface of all living cells is decorated with carbohydrate molecules. Hundreds of functional proteins bind to these glycosylated ligands; such binding events subsequently modulate many aspects of protein and cell function. Identifying ligands for glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) is a defining challenge of glycoscience research. Here, we review recent advances that are allowing protein-carbohydrate interactions to be dissected with an unprecedented level of precision. We specifically highlight how cell-based glycan arrays and glyco-genomic profiling are being used to define the structural determinants of glycan-protein interactions in living cells. Going forward, these methods create exciting new opportunities for the study of glycans in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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4
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Zhou J, Rong XL, Cao X, Tang Q, Liu D, Jin YH, Shi XX, Zhong M, Zhao Y, Yang Y. Assembly of Poly(ethylene glycol)ylated Oleanolic Acid on a Linear Polymer as a Pseudomucin for Influenza Virus Inhibition and Adsorption. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3213-3221. [PMID: 35797332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biomimicry of the mucin barrier function is an efficient strategy to counteract influenza. We report the simple aminolyzation of poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PM) using amine-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)ylated oleanolic acid (OAPEG) to mimic the mucin structure and its adsorption of the influenza virus. Direct interactions between influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and the prepared macromolecule evaluated by surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry demonstrated that the multivalent presentation of OAPEG on PM enhanced the binding affinity to HA with a decrease in KD of approximately three orders of magnitude compared with monomeric OAPEG. Moreover, hemagglutination inhibition assay, viral growth inhibition assay, and cytopathic effect reduction assay indicated that the nonglycosylated polymer could mimic natural heavily glycosylated mucin and thus promote the attachment of the virus in a subnanomolar range. Further investigation of the antiviral effects via time-of-addition assay, dynamic light scattering experiments, and transmission electron microscopy photographs indicated that the pseudomucin could adsorb the virion particles and synergistically inhibit the early attachment and final release steps of the influenza infection cycle. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the macromolecule in the physical sequestration and prevention of viral infection. Notably, due to its structural similarities with mucin, the biomacropolymer also has the potential for the rational design of antiviral drugs, influenza adsorbents, or filtration materials and the construction of model systems to explore protection against other pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaPing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.,Research Centre of Modern Analytical Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xue-Lin Rong
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xuan Cao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qi Tang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dong Liu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yin-Hua Jin
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Shi
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Medical College of Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province 512026, China
| | - YueTao Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Centre of Modern Analytical Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
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5
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Lema MA, Nava-Medina IB, Cerullo AR, Abdelaziz R, Jimenez SM, Geldner JB, Abdelhamid M, Kwan CS, Kharlamb L, Neary MC, Braunschweig AB. Scalable Preparation of Synthetic Mucins via Nucleophilic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Glycosylated N-Carboxyanhydrides. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A. Lema
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry, City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Ilse B. Nava-Medina
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Antonio R. Cerullo
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Radwa Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Jimenez
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Jacob B. Geldner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Chak-Shing Kwan
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Lily Kharlamb
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Michelle C. Neary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, New York 10016, United States
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6
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Kaler L, Iverson E, Bader S, Song D, Scull MA, Duncan GA. Influenza A virus diffusion through mucus gel networks. Commun Biol 2022; 5:249. [PMID: 35318436 PMCID: PMC8941132 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus in the lung plays an essential role as a barrier to infection by viral pathogens such as influenza A virus (IAV). Previous work determined mucin-associated sialic acid acts as a decoy receptor for IAV hemagglutinin (HA) binding and the sialic-acid cleaving enzyme, neuraminidase (NA), facilitates virus passage through mucus. However, it has yet to be fully addressed how the physical structure of the mucus gel influences its barrier function and its ability to trap viruses via glycan mediated interactions to prevent infection. To address this, IAV and nanoparticle diffusion in human airway mucus and mucin-based hydrogels is quantified using fluorescence video microscopy. We find the mobility of IAV in mucus is significantly influenced by the mesh structure of the gel and in contrast to prior reports, these effects likely influence virus passage through mucus gels to a greater extent than HA and NA activity. In addition, an analytical approach is developed to estimate the binding affinity of IAV to the mucus meshwork, yielding dissociation constants in the mM range, indicative of weak IAV-mucus binding. Our results provide important insights on how the adhesive and physical barrier properties of mucus influence the dissemination of IAV within the lung microenvironment. Influenza A virus movement in mucus is found to be affected by the mesh structure of the gel network and further analysis reveals weak IAV-mucus binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Kaler
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ethan Iverson
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shahed Bader
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Song
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Margaret A Scull
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Gregg A Duncan
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. .,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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7
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Critcher M, Hassan AA, Huang ML. Seeing the forest through the trees: characterizing the glycoproteome. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:492-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Bally M, Block S, Höök F, Larson G, Parveen N, Rydell GE. Physicochemical tools for studying virus interactions with targeted cell membranes in a molecular and spatiotemporally resolved context. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:7157-7178. [PMID: 34490501 PMCID: PMC8421089 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this critical review is to provide an overview of how emerging bioanalytical techniques are expanding our understanding of the complex physicochemical nature of virus interactions with host cell surfaces. Herein, selected model viruses representing both non-enveloped (simian virus 40 and human norovirus) and enveloped (influenza A virus, human herpes simplex virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1) viruses are highlighted. The technologies covered utilize a wide range of cell membrane mimics, from supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) containing a single purified host membrane component to SLBs derived from the plasma membrane of a target cell, which can be compared with live-cell experiments to better understand the role of individual interaction pairs in virus attachment and entry. These platforms are used to quantify binding strengths, residence times, diffusion characteristics, and binding kinetics down to the single virus particle and single receptor, and even to provide assessments of multivalent interactions. The technologies covered herein are surface plasmon resonance (SPR), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), dynamic force spectroscopy (DFS), total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy combined with equilibrium fluctuation analysis (EFA) and single particle tracking (SPT), and finally confocal microscopy using multi-labeling techniques to visualize entry of individual virus particles in live cells. Considering the growing scientific and societal needs for untangling, and interfering with, the complex mechanisms of virus binding and entry, we hope that this review will stimulate the community to implement these emerging tools and strategies in conjunction with more traditional methods. The gained knowledge will not only contribute to a better understanding of the virus biology, but may also facilitate the design of effective inhibitors to block virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bally
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 85, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stephan Block
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Bruna Stråket 16, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Nagma Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Gustaf E Rydell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Valles DJ, Zholdassov YS, Korpanty J, Uddin S, Naeem Y, Mootoo DR, Gianneschi NC, Braunschweig AB. Glycopolymer Microarrays with Sub‐Femtomolar Avidity for Glycan Binding Proteins Prepared by Grafted‐To/Grafted‐From Photopolymerizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Valles
- The PhD program in Chemistry Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center The City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Yerzhan S. Zholdassov
- The PhD program in Chemistry Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center The City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Joanna Korpanty
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Samiha Uddin
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center The City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Yasir Naeem
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center The City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
| | - David R. Mootoo
- The PhD program in Chemistry Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- The PhD program in Chemistry Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center The City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College 695 Park Ave New York NY 10065 USA
- The PhD program in Biochemistry Graduate Center of the City University of New York 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
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10
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Valles DJ, Zholdassov YS, Korpanty J, Uddin S, Naeem Y, Mootoo DR, Gianneschi NC, Braunschweig AB. Glycopolymer Microarrays with Sub-Femtomolar Avidity for Glycan Binding Proteins Prepared by Grafted-To/Grafted-From Photopolymerizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20350-20357. [PMID: 34273126 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel glycan array architecture that binds the mannose-specific glycan binding protein, concanavalin A (ConA), with sub-femtomolar avidity. A new radical photopolymerization developed specifically for this application combines the grafted-from thiol-(meth)acrylate polymerization with thiol-ene chemistry to graft glycans to the growing polymer brushes. The propagation of the brushes was studied by carrying out this grafted-to/grafted-from radical photopolymerization (GTGFRP) at >400 different conditions using hypersurface photolithography, a printing strategy that substantially accelerates reaction discovery and optimization on surfaces. The effect of brush height and the grafting density of mannosides on the binding of ConA to the brushes was studied systematically, and we found that multivalent and cooperative binding account for the unprecedented sensitivity of the GTGFRP brushes. This study further demonstrates the ease with which new chemistry can be tailored for an application as a result of the advantages of hypersurface photolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Valles
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yerzhan S Zholdassov
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joanna Korpanty
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Samiha Uddin
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yasir Naeem
- Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David R Mootoo
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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11
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Overeem NJ, Hamming PH(E, Tieke M, van der Vries E, Huskens J. Multivalent Affinity Profiling: Direct Visualization of the Superselective Binding of Influenza Viruses. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8525-8536. [PMID: 33978406 PMCID: PMC8158855 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The influenza A virus (IAV) interacts with the glycocalyx of host cells through its surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Quantitative biophysical measurements of these interactions may help to understand these interactions at the molecular level with the long-term aim to predict influenza infectivity and answer other biological questions. We developed a method, called multivalent affinity profiling (MAP), to measure virus binding profiles on receptor density gradients to determine the threshold receptor density, which is a quantitative measure of virus avidity toward a receptor. Here, we show that imaging of IAVs on receptor density gradients allows the direct visualization and efficient assessment of their superselective binding. We show how the multivalent binding of IAVs can be quantitatively assessed using MAP if the receptor density gradients are prepared around the threshold receptor density without crowding at the higher densities. The threshold receptor density increases strongly with increasing flow rate, showing that the superselective binding of IAV is influenced by shear force. This method of visualization and quantitative assessment of superselective binding allows not only comparative studies of IAV-receptor interactions, but also more fundamental studies of how superselectivity arises and is influenced by experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico J. Overeem
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P. H. (Erik) Hamming
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Malte Tieke
- Division
of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erhard van der Vries
- Division
of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Royal
GD, Arnsbergstraat 7, 7418 EZ, Deventer, The Netherlands
- Department
of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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12
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Kellman BP, Lewis NE. Big-Data Glycomics: Tools to Connect Glycan Biosynthesis to Extracellular Communication. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:284-300. [PMID: 33349503 PMCID: PMC7954846 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Characteristically, cells must sense and respond to environmental cues. Despite the importance of cell-cell communication, our understanding remains limited and often lacks glycans. Glycans decorate proteins and cell membranes at the cell-environment interface, and modulate intercellular communication, from development to pathogenesis. Providing further challenges, glycan biosynthesis and cellular behavior are co-regulating systems. Here, we discuss how glycosylation contributes to extracellular responses and signaling. We further organize approaches for disentangling the roles of glycans in multicellular interactions using newly available datasets and tools, including glycan biosynthesis models, omics datasets, and systems-level analyses. Thus, emerging tools in big data analytics and systems biology are facilitating novel insights on glycans and their relationship with multicellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Kellman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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13
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Overeem NJ, van der Vries E, Huskens J. A Dynamic, Supramolecular View on the Multivalent Interaction between Influenza Virus and Host Cell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007214. [PMID: 33682339 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how influenza viruses traverse the mucus and recognize host cells is critical for evaluating their zoonotic potential, and for prevention and treatment of the disease. The surface of the influenza A virus is covered with the receptor-binding protein hemagglutinin and the receptor-cleaving enzyme neuraminidase, which jointly control the interactions between the virus and the host cell. These proteins are organized in closely spaced trimers and tetramers to facilitate multivalent interactions with sialic acid-terminated glycans. This review shows that the individually weak multivalent interactions of influenza viruses allow superselective binding, virus-induced recruitment of receptors, and the formation of dynamic complexes that facilitate molecular walking. Techniques to measure the avidity and receptor specificity of influenza viruses are reviewed, and the pivotal role of multivalent interactions with their emergent properties in crossing the mucus and entering host cells is discussed. A model is proposed for the initiation of cell entry through virus-induced receptor clustering. The multivalent interactions of influenza viruses are maintained in a dynamic regime by a functional balance between binding and cleaving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico J Overeem
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Erhard van der Vries
- Royal GD, Arnsbergstraat 7, Deventer, 7418 EZ, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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14
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Lima PC, Hartley-Tassell L, Cooper O, Wynne JW. Searching for the sweet spot of amoebic gill disease of farmed Atlantic salmon: the potential role of glycan-lectin interactions in the adhesion of Neoparamoeba perurans. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:545-557. [PMID: 33675796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
One of the first critical steps in the pathogenesis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) of farmed salmon is the adhesion of the causative amoeba to the host. The current study aimed to investigate the potential involvement of glycan-binding proteins expressed on the extracellular surface of Neoparamoeba perurans in gill tissue recognition and binding. The glycan-binding properties of the surface membrane of N. perurans and the carbohydrate binding profile of Atlantic salmon gill-derived epithelial cells were identified through the use of glycan and lectin microarrays, respectively. The occurrence of specific carbohydrate-mediated binding was then further assessed by in vitro attachment assays using microtitre plates pre-coated with the main glycan candidates. Adhesion assays were also performed in the presence of exogenous saccharides with the aim of blocking glycan-specific binding activity. Comparative analysis of the results from both lectin and glycan arrays showed significant overlap, as some glycans to which binding by the amoeba was seen were reflected as being present on the gill epithelial cells. The two main candidates proposed to be involved in amoeba attachment to the gills are mannobiose and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). Adhesion of amoebae significantly increased by 33.5 and 23% when cells were added to α1,3-Mannobiose-BSA and GalNAc-BSA coated plates. The observed increased in attachment was significantly reduced when the amoebae were incubated with exogenous glycans, further demonstrating the presence of mannobiose- and GalNAc-binding sites on the surfaces of the cells. We believe this study provides the first evidence for the presence of a highly specific carbohydrate recognition and binding system in N. perurans. These preliminary findings could be of extreme importance given that AGD is an external parasitic infestation and much of the current research on the development of alternative treatment strategies relies on either instant amoeba detachment or blocking parasite attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lima
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
| | - L Hartley-Tassell
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - O Cooper
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - J W Wynne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004, Australia
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15
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Overeem NJ, Hamming PHE, Grant OC, Di Iorio D, Tieke M, Bertolino MC, Li Z, Vos G, de Vries RP, Woods RJ, Tito NB, Boons GJPH, van der Vries E, Huskens J. Hierarchical Multivalent Effects Control Influenza Host Specificity. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:2311-2318. [PMID: 33376792 PMCID: PMC7760459 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how emerging influenza viruses recognize host cells is critical in evaluating their zoonotic potential, pathogenicity, and transmissibility between humans. The surface of the influenza virus is covered with hemagglutinin (HA) proteins that can form multiple interactions with sialic acid-terminated glycans on the host cell surface. This multivalent binding affects the selectivity of the virus in ways that cannot be predicted from the individual receptor-ligand interactions alone. Here, we show that the intrinsic structural and energetic differences between the interactions of avian- or human-type receptors with influenza HA translate from individual site affinity and orientation through receptor length and density on the surface into virus avidity and specificity. We introduce a method to measure virus avidity using receptor density gradients. We found that influenza viruses attached stably to a surface at receptor densities that correspond to a minimum number of approximately 8 HA-glycan interactions, but more interactions were required if the receptors were short and human-type. Thus, the avidity and specificity of influenza viruses for a host cell depend not on the sialic acid linkage alone but on a combination of linkage and the length and density of receptors on the cell surface. Our findings suggest that threshold receptor densities play a key role in virus tropism, which is a predicting factor for both their virulence and zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico J. Overeem
- Molecular
Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P. H. Erik Hamming
- Molecular
Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver C. Grant
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
| | - Daniele Di Iorio
- Molecular
Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Malte Tieke
- Division
of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Candelaria Bertolino
- Molecular
Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Zeshi Li
- Department
of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gaël Vos
- Department
of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert P. de Vries
- Department
of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Woods
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
- E-mail:
| | - Nicholas B. Tito
- Electric
Ant Lab, Science Park
106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan P. H. Boons
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, United
States
- Department
of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Bijvoet Center
for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Erhard van der Vries
- Division
of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Royal
GD, Arnsbergstraat 7, 7418 EZ Deventer, The Netherlands
- Department
of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular
Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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16
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Kwan CS, Cerullo AR, Braunschweig AB. Design and Synthesis of Mucin-Inspired Glycopolymers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2704-2721. [PMID: 33346954 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are bottlebrush biopolymers that are glycoproteins on the surfaces of cells and as hydrogels secreted inside and outside the body. Mucin function in biology includes cell-cell recognition, signaling, protection, adhesion, and lubrication. Because of their attractive and diverse properties, mucins have recently become the focus of synthetic efforts by researchers who hope to understand and emulate these biomaterials. This review is focused on the development of methodologies for preparing mucin-inspired synthetic oligomers and glycopolymers, including solid-phase synthesis, polymerization of glycosylated monomers, and post-polymerization grafting of glycans to polymer chains. How these synthetic mucins have been used in health applications is discussed. Natural mucins are formed from a conserved set of monomers that are combined into chains of different sequences and lengths to achieve materials with widely diverse properties. Adopting this design paradigm from natural mucins could lead to next-generation bioinspired synthetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chak-Shing Kwan
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Antonio R Cerullo
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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17
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Liquid-Phase and Ultrahigh-Frequency-Acoustofluidics-Based Solid-Phase Synthesis of Biotin-Tagged 6′/3′-Sialyl-N-Acetylglucosamine by Sequential One-Pot Multienzyme System. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
6′/3′-Sialylated N-acetyllactosamine (6′/3′-SLN) is important for discrimination of the source (human or avian) of influenza virus strains. Biotinylated oligosaccharides have been widely used for analysis and quick detection. The development of efficient strategies to synthesize biotin-tagged 6′/3′-SLN have become necessary. Effective mixing is essential for enzymatic solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis (SPOS). In the current study, newly developed technology ultrahigh-frequency-acoustofluidics (UHFA), which can provide a powerful source for efficient microfluidic mixing, solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis and one-pot multienzyme (OPME) system, were used to develop a new strategy for oligosaccharide synthesis. Firstly, biotinylated N-acetylglucosamine was designed and chemically synthesized through traditional approaches. Secondly, biotinylated 6′- and 3′-sialyl-N-acetylglucosamines were prepared in solution through two sequential OPME modules in with a yield of ~95%. Thirdly, 6′-SLN was also prepared through UHFA-based enzymatic solid-phase synthesis on magnetic beads with a yield of 64.4%. The current strategy would be potentially used for synthesis of functional oligosaccharides.
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18
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Zhong M, Yu Y, Song JQ, Jia TW, Liu AY, Zhao TF, He HJ, Yang MB, Zhang WX, Yang Y. Amide-sialoside protein conjugates as neomucin bioshields prevent influenza virus infection. Carbohydr Res 2020; 495:108088. [PMID: 32807356 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the preparation of multivalent amide-sialoside-decorated human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as mimics of natural mucin and bioshields against influenza virus infection. Free sialic acid with an amine on C-2 was covalently attached to the protein scaffolds using di-(N-succinimidyl) adipate. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that the synthetic neomucins were able to act as bioshields and aggregate the influenza virion particles. The dissociation constants (KD) of the interactions between the prepared glycoconjugates and three different viral strains were measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) indicating the multivalent presentation of sialyl ligands on the HSA and BSA backbones can dramatically enhance the adsorbent capability compared to the corresponding monomeric sialoside. Hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) and neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) assays showed that the glycoconjugates acted as moderate HA and NA inhibitors, thus impeding viral infection. Moreover, the different binding affinities of the glycoproteins to HA and NA proteins from different influenza viruses demonstrated the importance of HA/NA balance in viral replication and evolution. These findings provide a foundation for the development of antiviral drugs and viral adsorbent materials based on mimicking the structure of mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhong
- Medical College of Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512026, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jia-Qi Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Tian-Wei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ao-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Teng-Fei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hao-Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Mei-Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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19
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Aho A, Sulkanen M, Korhonen H, Virta P. Conjugation of Oligonucleotides to Peptide Aldehydes via a pH-Responsive N-Methoxyoxazolidine Linker. Org Lett 2020; 22:6714-6718. [PMID: 32804515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The formation of N-methoxyoxazolidines in the preparation of oligonucleotide-peptide conjugates was evaluated. The reaction occurred between unprotected 2'-N-(methoxy)amino-modified oligonucleotides and peptide aldehydes in reasonable yields when isolated. The reaction is reversible under slightly acidic conditions, and it is pH-responsive. The rate and the equilibrium constant may be varied with structurally different aldehydes, allowing an optimization of the ligation and cleavage rate of the resultant conjugates. Therefore, this concept can be considered a cleavable linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aapo Aho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Sulkanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Korhonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Pasi Virta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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20
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Richards SJ, Baker AN, Walker M, Gibson MI. Polymer-Stabilized Sialylated Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Optimization, and Differential Binding to Influenza Hemagglutinins. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1604-1612. [PMID: 32191036 PMCID: PMC7173702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
During influenza infection, hemagglutinins (HAs) on the viral surface bind to sialic acids on the host cell's surface. While all HAs bind sialic acids, human influenza targets terminal α2,6 sialic acids and avian influenza targets α2,3 sialic acids. For interspecies transmission (zoonosis), HA must mutate to adapt to these differences. Here, multivalent gold nanoparticles bearing either α2,6- or α2,3-sialyllactosamine have been developed to interrogate a panel of HAs from pathogenic human, low pathogenic avian, and other species' influenza. This method exploits the benefits of multivalent glycan presentation compared to monovalent presentation to increase affinity and investigate how multivalency affects selectivity. Using a library-orientated approach, parameters including polymer coating and core diameter were optimized for maximal binding and specificity were probed using galactosylated particles and a panel of biophysical techniques [ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and biolayer interferometry]. The optimized particles were then functionalized with sialyllactosamine and their binding analyzed against a panel of HAs derived from pathogenic influenza strains including low pathogenic avian strains. This showed significant specificity crossover, which is not observed in monovalent formats, with binding of avian HAs to human sialic acids and vice versa in agreement with alternate assay formats. These results demonstrate that precise multivalent presentation is essential to dissect the interactions of HAs and may aid the discovery of tools for disease and zoonosis transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Walker
- Department
of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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21
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Berselli GB, Sarangi NK, Gimenez AV, Murphy PV, Keyes TE. Microcavity array supported lipid bilayer models of ganglioside – influenza hemagglutinin1 binding. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11251-11254. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04276e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The binding of influenza receptor (HA1) to membranes containing different glycosphingolipid receptors was investigated at Microcavity Supported Lipid Bilayers (MSLBs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul V. Murphy
- School of Chemistry NUI Galway University Road
- Galway
- Ireland
| | - Tia E. Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin
- Ireland
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22
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Di Iorio D, Huskens J. Surface Modification with Control over Ligand Density for the Study of Multivalent Biological Systems. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:53-66. [PMID: 31921546 PMCID: PMC6948118 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the study of multivalent interactions at interfaces, as occur for example at cell membranes, the density of the ligands or receptors displayed at the interface plays a pivotal role, affecting both the overall binding affinities and the valencies involved in the interactions. In order to control the ligand density at the interface, several approaches have been developed, and they concern the functionalization of a wide range of materials. Here, different methods employed in the modification of surfaces with controlled densities of ligands are being reviewed. Examples of such methods encompass the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and polymeric layers on surfaces. Particular emphasis is given to the methods employed in the study of different types of multivalent biological interactions occurring at the functionalized surfaces and their working principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Iorio
- Molecular NanoFabrication group MESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular NanoFabrication group MESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands
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23
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Gao C, Wei M, McKitrick TR, McQuillan AM, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Cummings RD. Glycan Microarrays as Chemical Tools for Identifying Glycan Recognition by Immune Proteins. Front Chem 2019; 7:833. [PMID: 31921763 PMCID: PMC6923789 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans and glycan binding proteins (GBPs or lectins) are essential components in almost every aspect of immunology. Investigations of the interactions between glycans and GBPs have greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of these fundamental immunological processes. In order to better study the glycan-GBP interactions, microscope glass slide-based glycan microarrays were conceived and proved to be an incredibly useful and successful tool. A variety of methods have been developed to better present the glycans so that they mimic natural presentations. Breakthroughs in chemical biology approaches have also made available glycans with sophisticated structures that were considered practically impossible just a few decade ago. Glycan microarrays provide a wealth of valuable information in immunological studies. They allow for discovery of detailed glycan binding preferences or novel binding epitopes of known endogenous immune receptors, which can potentially lead to the discovery of natural ligands that carry the glycans. Glycan microarrays also serve as a platform to discover new GBPs that are vital to the process of infection and invasion by microorganisms. This review summarizes the construction strategies and the immunological applications of glycan microarrays, particularly focused on those with the most comprehensive sets of glycan structures. We also review new methods and technologies that have evolved. We believe that glycan microarrays will continue to benefit the growing research community with various interests in the field of immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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24
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Georgiou PG, Baker AN, Richards SJ, Laezza A, Walker M, Gibson MI. "Tuning aggregative versus non-aggregative lectin binding with glycosylated nanoparticles by the nature of the polymer ligand". J Mater Chem B 2019; 8:136-145. [PMID: 31778137 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycan-lectin interactions drive a diverse range of biological signaling and recognition processes. The display of glycans in multivalent format enables their intrinsically weak binding affinity to lectins to be overcome by the cluster glycoside effect, which results in a non-linear increase in binding affinity. As many lectins have multiple binding sites, upon interaction with glycosylated nanomaterials either aggregation or surface binding without aggregation can occur. Depending on the application area, either one of these responses are desirable (or undesirable) but methods to tune the aggregation state, independently from the overall extent/affinity of binding are currently missing. Herein, we use gold nanoparticles decorated with galactose-terminated polymer ligands, obtained by photo-initiated RAFT polymerization to ensure high end-group fidelity, to show the dramatic impact on agglutination behaviour due to the chemistry of the polymer linker. Poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) (PHEA)-coated gold nanoparticles, a polymer widely used as a non-ionic stabilizer, showed preference for aggregation with lectins compared to poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA)-coated nanoparticles which retained colloidal stability, across a wide range of polymer lengths and particle core sizes. Using biolayer interferometry, it was observed that both coatings gave rise to similar binding affinity and hence provided conclusive evidence that aggregation rate alone cannot be used to measure affinity between nanoparticle systems with different stabilizing linkers. This is significant, as turbidimetry is widely used to demonstrate glycomaterial activity, although this work shows the most aggregating may not be the most avid, when comparing different polymer backbones/coating. Overall, our findings underline the potential of PHPMA as the coating of choice for applications where aggregation upon lectin binding would be problematic, such as in vivo imaging or drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis G Georgiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK.
| | - Alexander N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK.
| | - Sarah-Jane Richards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK.
| | - Antonio Laezza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK.
| | - Marc Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
| | - Matthew I Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK. and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
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25
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Temme JS, Campbell CT, Gildersleeve JC. Factors contributing to variability of glycan microarray binding profiles. Faraday Discuss 2019; 219:90-111. [PMID: 31338503 PMCID: PMC9335900 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Protein-carbohydrate interactions play significant roles in a wide variety of biological systems. Glycan microarrays are commonly utilized to interrogate the selectivity, sensitivity, and breadth of these complex protein-carbohydrate interactions. During the past two decades, numerous distinct glycan microarray platforms have been developed, each assembled from a variety of slide-surface chemistries, glycan-attachment chemistries, glycan presentations, linkers, and glycan densities. Comparative analyses of glycan microarray data have shown that while many protein-carbohydrate interactions behave predictably across microarrays, there are instances when various array formats produce different results. For optimal construction and use of this technology, it is important to understand sources of variances across array platforms. In this study, we performed a systematic comparison of microarray data from 8 lectins across a range of concentrations on the CFG and neoglycoprotein array platforms. While there was good general agreement on the binding specificity of the lectins on the two arrays, there were some cases of large discrepancies. Differences in glycan density and linker composition contributed significantly to variability. The results provide insights for interpreting microarray data and designing future glycan microarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastian Temme
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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26
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Yan M, Zhu Y, Liu X, Lasanajak Y, Xiong J, Lu J, Lin X, Ashline D, Reinhold V, Smith DF, Song X. Next-Generation Glycan Microarray Enabled by DNA-Coded Glycan Library and Next-Generation Sequencing Technology. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9221-9228. [PMID: 31187982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of glycans with proteins, cells, and microorganisms play important roles in cell-cell adhesion and host-pathogen interaction. Glycan microarray technology, in which multiple glycan structures are immobilized on a single glass slide and interrogated with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), has become an indispensable tool in the study of protein-glycan interactions. Despite its great success, the current format of the glycan microarray requires expensive, specialized instrumentation and labor-intensive assay and image processing procedures, which limit automation and possibilities for high-throughput analyses. Furthermore, the current microarray is not suitable for assaying interaction with intact cells due to their large size compared to the two-dimensional microarray surface. To address these limitations, we developed the next-generation glycan microarray (NGGM) based on artificial DNA coding of glycan structures. In this novel approach, a glycan library is presented as a mixture of glycans and glycoconjugates, each of which is coded with a unique oligonucleotide sequence (code). The glycan mixture is interrogated by GBPs followed by the separation of unbound coded glycans. The DNA sequences that identify individual bound glycans are quantitatively sequenced (decoded) by powerful next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, and copied numbers of the DNA codes represent relative binding specificities of corresponding glycan structures to GBPs. We demonstrate that NGGM generates glycan-GBP binding data that are consistent with that generated in a slide-based glycan microarray. More importantly, the solution phase binding assay is directly applicable to identifying glycan binding to intact cells, which is often challenging using glass slide-based glycan microarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Ashline
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire 03824 , United States
| | - Vernon Reinhold
- College of Life Sciences and Agriculture , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire 03824 , United States
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27
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Chaudhary PM, Toraskar S, Yadav R, Hande A, Yellin R, Kikkeri R. Multivalent Sialosides: A Tool to Explore the Role of Sialic Acids in Biological Processes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1344-1355. [PMID: 30839167 PMCID: PMC7159662 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids (Sias) are fascinating nine-carbon monosaccharides that are primarily found on the terminus of the oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids on cell surfaces. These Sias undergo a variety of structural modifications at their hydroxy and amine positions, thereby resulting in structural diversity and, hence, coordinating a variety of biological processes. However, deciphering the structural functions of such interactions is highly challenging, because the monovalent binding of Sias is extremely weak. Over the last decade, several multivalent Sia ligands have been synthesized to modulate their binding affinity with proteins/lectins. In this Minireview, we highlight recent developments in the synthesis of multivalent Sia probes and their potential applications. We will discuss four key multivalent families, that is, polymers, dendrimers, liposomes, and nanoparticles, and will emphasize the major parameters that are essential for the specific interactions of these molecules with proteins in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Madhukar Chaudhary
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Suraj Toraskar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Rohan Yadav
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Akshay Hande
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
| | - Rina‐Arad Yellin
- Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology241 Daxue RoadShantouGuangdong515063P. R. China
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchDr. Homi Bhabha RoadPune411008MaharashtraIndia
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28
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Purcell SC, Godula K. Synthetic glycoscapes: addressing the structural and functional complexity of the glycocalyx. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20180080. [PMID: 30842878 PMCID: PMC6388016 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycocalyx is an information-dense network of biomacromolecules extensively modified through glycosylation that populates the cellular boundary. The glycocalyx regulates biological events ranging from cellular protection and adhesion to signalling and differentiation. Owing to the characteristically weak interactions between individual glycans and their protein binding partners, multivalency of glycan presentation is required for the high-avidity interactions needed to trigger cellular responses. As such, biological recognition at the glycocalyx interface is determined by both the structure of glycans that are present as well as their spatial distribution. While genetic and biochemical approaches have proven powerful in controlling glycan composition, modulating the three-dimensional complexity of the cell-surface 'glycoscape' at the sub-micrometre scale remains a considerable challenge in the field. This focused review highlights recent advances in glycocalyx engineering using synthetic nanoscale glycomaterials, which allows for controlled de novo assembly of complexity with precision not accessible with traditional molecular biology tools. We discuss several exciting new studies in the field that demonstrate the power of precision glycocalyx editing in living cells in revealing and controlling the complex mechanisms by which the glycocalyx regulates biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
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29
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Wollenberg AL, Perlin P, Deming TJ. Versatile N-Methylaminooxy-Functionalized Polypeptides for Preparation of Neoglycoconjugates. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1756-1764. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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30
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Nagao M, Matsubara T, Hoshino Y, Sato T, Miura Y. Topological Design of Star Glycopolymers for Controlling the Interaction with the Influenza Virus. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1192-1198. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nagao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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31
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Wilkins L, Badi N, Du Prez F, Gibson MI. Double-Modified Glycopolymers from Thiolactones to Modulate Lectin Selectivity and Affinity. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:1498-1502. [PMID: 30662815 PMCID: PMC6326524 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent glycomaterials show high affinity toward lectins but are often nonselective as they lack the precise 3-D presentation found in native glycans. Here, thiolactone chemistry is exploited to enable the synthesis of glycopolymers with both a primary binding (galactose) and a variable secondary binding unit in close proximity to each other on the linker. These polymers are used to target the Cholera toxin B subunit, CTxB, inspired by its native branched glycan target, GM-1. The secondary, nonbinding unit was shown to dramatically modulate affinity and selectivity toward the Cholera toxin. These increasingly complex glycopolymers, assembled using accessible chemistry, can help breach the synthetic/biological divide to obtain future glycomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura
E. Wilkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Nezha Badi
- Polymer
Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC),
Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Filip Du Prez
- Polymer
Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC),
Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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32
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Martyn B, Biggs CI, Gibson MI. Comparison of systematically functionalized heterogeneous and homogenous glycopolymers as toxin inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Martyn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL United Kingdom
| | - Caroline I. Biggs
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL United Kingdom
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33
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Huang ML, Tota EM, Verespy S, Godula K. Glycocalyx Scaffolding to Control Cell Surface Glycan Displays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:e40. [PMID: 29927116 DOI: 10.1002/cpch.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a protocol for remodeling cells with synthetic glycoprotein and glycolipid mimetics that are functionalized with lipid anchors, allowing for cell surface display of specific glycan structures in predefined nanoscale arrangements. The complex chemical heterogeneity of glycans found on the cell surface or the glycocalyx renders analysis of the individual contributions of glycans difficult. This technique allows for the precise study of individual glycans at different regions of the glycocalyx, and may be useful for interrogating glycan interactions in infection or immunity or in stem cell differentiation. CHO-Lec2 cells are prepared as adherent monolayers and, after reaching confluence, are incubated with the glycomaterials. Synthetic glycopolymers bearing α-2,3-sialyllactose glycans are used to decorate cellular surfaces in the form of 3D multivalent ligands projecting away from the cell surface, while α-2,6-sialyllactose glycolipid conjugates are used to anchor glycans in dynamic 2D arrays proximal to the cell membrane. Following washing, mimetic incorporation and glycan display can be analyzed using lectins with specificity for α-2,3- or α-2,6-linked sialic acids. Flow cytometry data reveals that cell surface remodeling with either glycoconjugate mimetic occurs efficiently in a dose-dependent manner. Combinations of glycoconjugates can also be employed simultaneously to generate a mixed glycocalyx with tunable composition and organization. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ember M Tota
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Stephen Verespy
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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34
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Huang ML, Purcell SC, Verespy S, Wang Y, Godula K. Glycocalyx scaffolding with synthetic nanoscale glycomaterials. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:1537-1540. [PMID: 28616946 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00289k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a method for programming complexity into the glycocalyx of live cells. Via a combination of glycomaterial synthesis and membrane remodeling, we have engineered cells to display native-like, mixed sialoglycan populations, while confining the activity of each glycan into a specific nanoscale presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Sean C Purcell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Stephen Verespy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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35
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Abstract
![]()
The
potential of N(Me)-alkoxyamine glycosylation
as a DNA-templated ligation has been studied. On a hairpin stem-template
model, a notable rate enhancement and an increased equilibrium yield
are observed compared to the corresponding reaction without a DNA
catalyst. The N-glycosidic connection is dynamic
at pH 5, whereas it becomes irreversible at pH 7. The N(Me)-alkoxyamine glycosylation may hence be an attractive pH controlled
reaction for the assembly of DNA-based dynamic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Österlund
- Department of Chemistry , University of Turku , 20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Heidi Korhonen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Turku , 20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Pasi Virta
- Department of Chemistry , University of Turku , 20014 Turku , Finland
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36
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Liu HP, Meng X, Yu Q, Tao YC, Xu F, He Y, Yu P, Yang Y. Synthesis of S-sialyl polymers as efficient polyvalent influenza inhibitors and capturers. J Carbohydr Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2017.1403613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Liu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Meng
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun-Chang Tao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Xu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun He
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Sequencing, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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37
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Lin TH, Lin CH, Liu YJ, Huang CY, Lin YC, Wang SK. Controlling Ligand Spacing on Surface: Polyproline-Based Fluorous Microarray as a Tool in Spatial Specificity Analysis and Inhibitor Development for Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:41691-41699. [PMID: 29148699 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions are essential for many biological processes. Convenient characterization for multivalent binding property of proteins will aid the development of molecules to manipulate these processes. We exploited the polyproline helix II (PPII) structure as molecular scaffolds to adjust the distances between glycan ligand attachment sites at 9, 18, and 27 Å on a peptide scaffold. Optimized fluorous groups were also introduced to the peptide scaffold for immobilization to the microarray surface through fluorous interaction to control the orientation of the helical scaffolds. Using lectin LecA and antibody 2G12 as model proteins, the binding preference to the 27 Å glycopeptide scaffold, matched the distance of 26 Å between its two galactose binding sites on LecA and 31 Å spacing between oligomannose binding sites on 2G12, respectively. We further demonstrate this microarray system can aid the development of inhibitors by transforming the selected surface-bound scaffold into multivalent ligands in solution. This strategy can be extended to analyze proteins that lacking structural information to speed up the design of potent and selective multivalent ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Hsueh Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Cin-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ying-Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chun Yi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yen-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, Taiwan R.O.C
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38
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Heparin-fibronectin interactions in the development of extracellular matrix insolubility. Matrix Biol 2017; 67:107-122. [PMID: 29223498 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly, fibronectin (FN) fibrils are irreversibly converted into a detergent-insoluble form which, through FN's multi-domain structure, can interact with collagens, matricellular proteins, and growth factors to build a definitive matrix. FN also has heparin/heparan sulfate (HS) binding sites. Using HS-deficient CHO cells, we show that the addition of soluble heparin significantly increased the amount of FN matrix that these cells assemble. Sulfated HS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) mimetics similarly increased FN assembly and demonstrated a dependence on GAG sulfation. The length of the heparin chains also plays a role in assembly. Chains of sufficient length to bind to two FN molecules gave maximal stimulation of assembly whereas shorter heparin had less of an effect. Using a decellularized fibroblast matrix for proteolysis, detergent fractionation, and mass spectrometry, we found that the predominant domain within insoluble fibril fragments is FN's major heparin-binding domain HepII (modules III12-14). Multiple HepII domains bind simultaneously to a single heparin chain in size exclusion chromatography analyses. We propose a model in which heparin/HS binding to the HepII domain connects multiple FNs together to facilitate the formation of protein interactions for insoluble fibril assembly.
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39
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Nagao M, Fujiwara Y, Matsubara T, Hoshino Y, Sato T, Miura Y. Design of Glycopolymers Carrying Sialyl Oligosaccharides for Controlling the Interaction with the Influenza Virus. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4385-4392. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Nagao
- Department
of Engineering, Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yurina Fujiwara
- Department
of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Matsubara
- Department
of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department
of Engineering, Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department
of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department
of Engineering, Graduate School of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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40
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Ji Y, White YJ, Hadden JA, Grant OC, Woods RJ. New insights into influenza A specificity: an evolution of paradigms. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2017; 44:219-231. [PMID: 28675835 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular origin of influenza receptor specificity is complicated by the paucity of quantitative affinity measurements, and the qualitative and variable nature of glycan array data. Further obstacles arise from the varied impact of viral glycosylation and the relatively narrow spectrum of biologically relevant receptors present on glycan arrays. A survey of receptor conformational properties is presented, leading to the conclusion that conformational entropy plays a key role in defining specificity, as does the newly reported ability of biantennary receptors that terminate in Siaα2-6Gal sequences to form bidentate interactions to two binding sites in a hemagglutinin trimer. Bidentate binding provides a functional explanation for the observation that Siaα2-6 receptors adopt an open-umbrella topology when bound to hemagglutinins from human-infective viruses, and calls for a reassessment of virus avidity and tissue tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Yohanna Jb White
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Jodi A Hadden
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Oliver C Grant
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Robert J Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Rd, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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41
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Zheng L, Wei J, Lv X, Bi Y, Wu P, Zhang Z, Wang P, Liu R, Jiang J, Cong H, Liang J, Chen W, Cao H, Liu W, Gao GF, Du Y, Jiang X, Li X. Detection and differentiation of influenza viruses with glycan-functionalized gold nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:46-52. [PMID: 27987410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of influenza viruses is difficult and generally requires a complex process because of viral diversity and rapid mutability. In this study, we report a simple and rapid strategy for the detection and differentiation of influenza viruses using glycan-functionalized gold nanoparticles (gGNPs). This method is based on the aggregation of gGNP probes on the viral surface, which is mediated by the specific binding of the virus to the glycans. Using a set of gGNPs bearing different glycan structures, fourteen influenza virus strains, including the major subtypes currently circulating in human and avian populations, were readily differentiated from each other and from a human respiratory syncytial virus in a single-step colorimetric procedure. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of this gGNP-based system in the development of convenient and portable sensors for the clinical diagnosis and surveillance of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longtang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jinhua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xun Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuhai Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peixing Wu
- Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Ruichen Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingwen Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Haolong Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingnan Liang
- Core Facility, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, PLA Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuebing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
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42
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Tian Z, Si L, Meng K, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Xiao S. Inhibition of influenza virus infection by multivalent pentacyclic triterpene-functionalized per-O-methylated cyclodextrin conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:133-139. [PMID: 28411453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent ligands that exhibit high binding affinity to influenza hemagglutinin (HA) trimer can block the interaction of HA with its sialic acid receptor. In this study, a series of multivalent pentacyclic triterpene-functionalized per-O-methylated cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives were designed and synthesized using 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition click reaction. A cell-based assay showed that three compounds (25, 28 and 31) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against influenza A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus. Compound 28 showed the most potent anti-influenza activity with IC50 of 4.7 μM. The time-of-addition assay indicated that compound 28 inhibited the entry of influenza virus into host cell. Further hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays indicated that compound 28 tightly bound to influenza HA protein with a dissociation constant (KD) of 4.0 μM. Our results demonstrated a strategy of using per-O-methylated β-CD as a scaffold for designing multivalent compounds to disrupt influenza HA protein-host receptor protein interaction and thus block influenza virus entry into host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Longlong Si
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoshu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Demin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sulong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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43
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Shurer CR, Colville MJ, Gupta VK, Head SE, Kai F, Lakins JN, Paszek MJ. Genetically Encoded Toolbox for Glycocalyx Engineering: Tunable Control of Cell Adhesion, Survival, and Cancer Cell Behaviors. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:388-399. [PMID: 29805991 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The glycocalyx is a coating of protein and sugar on the surface of all living cells. Dramatic perturbations to the composition and structure of the glycocalyx are frequently observed in aggressive cancers. However, tools to experimentally mimic and model the cancer-specific glycocalyx remain limited. Here, we develop a genetically encoded toolkit to engineer the chemical and physical structure of the cellular glycocalyx. By manipulating the glycocalyx structure, we are able to switch the adhesive state of cells from strongly adherent to fully detached. Surprisingly, we find that a thick and dense glycocalyx with high O-glycan content promotes cell survival even in a suspended state, characteristic of circulating tumor cells during metastatic dissemination. Our data suggest that glycocalyx-mediated survival is largely independent of receptor tyrosine kinase and mitogen activated kinase signaling. While anchorage is still required for proliferation, we find that cells with a thick glycocalyx can dynamically attach to a matrix scaffold, undergo cellular division, and quickly disassociate again into a suspended state. Together, our technology provides a needed toolkit for engineering the glycocalyx in glycobiology and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R Shurer
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Marshall J Colville
- Cornell University, Field of Biophysics, 107 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Vivek K Gupta
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 105 Upson Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Shelby E Head
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - FuiBoon Kai
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Jonathon N Lakins
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Matthew J Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 113 Ho Plaza, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Cornell University, Field of Biophysics, 107 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.,Field of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 101 Weill Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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44
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Cohen M, Senaati HP, Fisher CJ, Huang ML, Gagneux P, Godula K. Synthetic Mucus Nanobarriers for Identification of Glycan-Dependent Primary Influenza A Infection Inhibitors. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:710-714. [PMID: 27800553 PMCID: PMC5084083 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Current drugs against the influenza A virus (IAV) act by inhibiting viral neuraminidase (NA) enzymes responsible for the release of budding virions from sialoglycans on infected cells. Here, we describe an approach focused on a search for inhibitors that reinforce the protective functions of mucosal barriers that trap viruses en route to the target cells. We have generated mimetics of sialo-glycoproteins that insert into the viral envelope to provide a well-defined mucus-like environment encapsulating the virus. By introducing this barrier, which the virus must breach using its NA enzymes to infect a host cell, into a screening platform, we have been able to identify compounds that provide significant protection against IAV infection. This approach may facilitate the discovery of potent new IAV prophylactics among compounds with NA activities too weak to emerge from traditional drug screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- (M.C.) E-mail:
| | - Hooman P. Senaati
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Christopher J. Fisher
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Mia L. Huang
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- (K.G.) E-mail:
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45
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Baudendistel OR, Wieland DE, Schmidt MS, Wittmann V. Real-Time NMR Studies of Oxyamine Ligations of Reducing Carbohydrates under Equilibrium Conditions. Chemistry 2016; 22:17359-17365. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R. Baudendistel
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Daniel E. Wieland
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Magnus S. Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Valentin Wittmann
- Department of Chemistry; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB); University of Konstanz; 78457 Konstanz Germany
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46
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Cohen M, Fisher CJ, Huang ML, Lindsay LL, Plancarte M, Boyce WM, Godula K, Gagneux P. Capture and characterization of influenza A virus from primary samples using glycan bead arrays. Virology 2016; 493:128-35. [PMID: 27031581 PMCID: PMC4860064 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) utilize sialylated host glycans as ligands for binding and infection. The glycan-binding preference of IAV hemagglutinin (HA) is an important determinant of host specificity. Propagation of IAV in embryonated chicken eggs and cultured mammalian cells yields viruses with amino acid substitutions in the HA that can alter the binding specificity. Therefore, it is important to determine the binding specificity of IAV directly in primary samples since it reflects the actual tropism of virus in nature. We developed a novel platform for analysis of IAV binding specificity in samples that contain very low virus titers. This platform consists of a high-density flexible glycan display on magnetic beads, which promotes multivalent interactions with the viral HA. Glycan-bound virus is detected by quantifying the viral neuraminidase activity via a fluorogenic reporter, 2'-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-α-d-N-acetylneuraminic acid. This method eliminates the need for labeling the virus and significantly enhances the sensitivity of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | | | - Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - LeAnn L Lindsay
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Magdalena Plancarte
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Walter M Boyce
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Department of Pathology, Division of Comparative Pathology and Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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47
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Huang ML, Fisher CJ, Godula K. Glycomaterials for probing host-pathogen interactions and the immune response. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1042-53. [PMID: 27190259 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216647811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The initial engagement of host cells by pathogens is often mediated by glycan structures presented on the cell surface. Various components of the glycocalyx can be targeted by pathogens for adhesion to facilitate infection. Glycans also play integral roles in the modulation of the host immune response to infection. Therefore, understanding the parameters that define glycan interactions with both pathogens and the various components of the host immune system can aid in the development of strategies to prevent, interrupt, or manage infection. Glycomaterials provide a unique and powerful tool with which to interrogate the compositional and functional complexity of the glycocalyx. The objective of this review is to highlight some key contributions from this area of research in deciphering the mechanisms of pathogenesis and the associated host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher J Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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48
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Springer SA, Gagneux P. Glycomics: revealing the dynamic ecology and evolution of sugar molecules. J Proteomics 2015; 135:90-100. [PMID: 26626628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are the most functionally and structurally diverse molecules in the biological world. Glycan structures range from tiny single monosaccharide units to giant chains thousands of units long. Some glycans are branched, their monosaccharides linked together in many different combinations and orientations. Some exist as solitary molecules; others are conjugated to proteins and lipids and alter their collective functional properties. In addition to structural and storage roles, glycan molecules participate in and actively regulate physiological and developmental processes. Glycans also mediate cellular interactions within and between individuals. Their roles in ecology and evolution are pivotal, but not well studied because glycan biochemistry requires different methods than standard molecular biology practice. The properties of glycans are in some ways convenient, and in others challenging. Glycans vary on organismal timescales, and in direct response to physiological and ecological conditions. Their mature structures are physical records of both genetic and environmental influences during maturation. We describe the scope of natural glycan variation and discuss how studying glycans will allow researchers to further integrate the fields of ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan A Springer
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA.
| | - Pascal Gagneux
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA.
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49
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Cohen M. Notable Aspects of Glycan-Protein Interactions. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2056-72. [PMID: 26340640 PMCID: PMC4598788 DOI: 10.3390/biom5032056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini review highlights several interesting aspects of glycan-mediated interactions that are common between cells, bacteria, and viruses. Glycans are ubiquitously found on all living cells, and in the extracellular milieu of multicellular organisms. They are known to mediate initial binding and recognition events of both immune cells and pathogens with their target cells or tissues. The host target tissues are hidden under a layer of secreted glycosylated decoy targets. In addition, pathogens can utilize and display host glycans to prevent identification as foreign by the host’s immune system (molecular mimicry). Both the host and pathogens continually evolve. The host evolves to prevent infection and the pathogens evolve to evade host defenses. Many pathogens express both glycan-binding proteins and glycosidases. Interestingly, these proteins are often located at the tip of elongated protrusions in bacteria, or in the leading edge of the cell. Glycan-protein interactions have low affinity and, as a result, multivalent interactions are often required to achieve biologically relevant binding. These enable dynamic forms of adhesion mechanisms, reviewed here, and include rolling (cells), stick and roll (bacteria) or surfacing (viruses).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cohen
- Depatment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BRF2 MC 0687, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA.
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50
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Hushegyi A, Bertok T, Damborsky P, Katrlik J, Tkac J. An ultrasensitive impedimetric glycan biosensor with controlled glycan density for detection of lectins and influenza hemagglutinins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7474-7. [PMID: 25828081 PMCID: PMC4883646 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00922g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An impedimetric glycan biosensor with optimised glycan density was applied for the detection of lectins and influenza hemagglutinins down to attomolar concentrations (aM).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hushegyi
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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