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Choudhury S, Madhu Krishna M, Sen D, Ghosh S, Basak P, Das A. 3D Porous Polymer Scaffold-Conjugated KGF-Mimetic Peptide Promotes Functional Skin Regeneration in Chronic Diabetic Wounds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37418-37434. [PMID: 38980153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The re-epithelialization process gets severely dysregulated in chronic nonhealing diabetic foot ulcers/wounds. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF or FGF-7) is the major modulator of the re-epithelialization process, which regulates the physiological phenotypes of cutaneous keratinocytes. The existing therapeutic strategies of growth factor administration have several limitations. To overcome these, we have designed a KGF-mimetic peptide (KGFp, 13mer) based on the receptor interaction sites in murine KGF. KGFp enhanced migration and transdifferentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs toward keratinocyte-like cells (KLCs). A significant increase in the expression of skin-specific markers Bnc1 (28.5-fold), Ck5 (14.6-fold), Ck14 (26.1-fold), Ck10 (187.7-fold), and epithelial markers EpCam (23.3-fold) and Cdh1 (64.2-fold) was associated with the activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3 molecular signaling in the KLCs. Further, to enhance the stability of KGFp in the wound microenvironment, it was conjugated to biocompatible 3D porous polymer scaffolds without compromising its active binding sites followed by chemical characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, and thermogravimetry. In vitro evaluation of the KGFp-conjugated 3D polymer scaffolds revealed its potential for transdifferentiation of MSCs into KLCs. Transplantation of allogeneic MSCGFP using KGFp-conjugated 3D polymer scaffolds in chronic nonhealing type 2 diabetic wounds (db/db transgenic, 50-52 weeks old male mice) significantly enhanced re-epithelialization-mediated wound closure rate (79.3%) as compared to the control groups (Untransplanted -22.4%, MSCGFP-3D polymer scaffold -38.5%). Thus, KGFp-conjugated 3D porous polymer scaffolds drive the fate of the MSCs toward keratinocytes that may serve as potential stem cell delivery platform technology for tissue engineering and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subholakshmi Choudhury
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mangali Madhu Krishna
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Polymers and Functional Materials, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Debanjan Sen
- BCDA College of Pharmacy and Technology, Hridaypur, Kolkata 700127, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhash Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Pratyay Basak
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Polymers and Functional Materials, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Lee JJ, Jacome FP, Hiltzik DM, Pagadala MS, Hsu WK. Evolution of Titanium Interbody Cages and Current Uses of 3D Printed Titanium in Spine Fusion Surgery. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2024:10.1007/s12178-024-09912-z. [PMID: 39003679 DOI: 10.1007/s12178-024-09912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the history of titanium implants in spine fusion surgery and its evolution over time. RECENT FINDINGS Titanium interbody cages used in spine fusion surgery have evolved from solid metal blocks to porous structures with varying shapes and sizes in order to provide stability while minimizing adverse side effects. Advancements in technology, especially 3D printing, have allowed for the creation of highly customizable spinal implants to fit patient specific needs. Recent evidence suggests that customizing shape and density of the implants may improve patient outcomes compared to current industry standards. Future work is warranted to determine the practical feasibility and long-term clinical outcomes of patients using 3D printed spine fusion implants. Outcomes in spine fusion surgery have improved greatly due to technological advancements. 3D printed spinal implants, in particular, may improve outcomes in patients undergoing spine fusion surgery when compared to current industry standards. Long term follow up and direct comparison between implant characteristics is required for the adoption of 3D printed implants as the standard of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Lee
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), 808 N Cleveland Ave. 901, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA.
| | - Freddy P Jacome
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), 808 N Cleveland Ave. 901, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - David M Hiltzik
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), 808 N Cleveland Ave. 901, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - Manasa S Pagadala
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), 808 N Cleveland Ave. 901, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - Wellington K Hsu
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI), 808 N Cleveland Ave. 901, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Geng Z, Dong R, Li X, Xu X, Chen L, Han X, Liu D, Liu Y. Study on the Antibacterial Activity and Bone Inductivity of Nanosilver/PLGA-Coated TI-CU Implants. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6427-6447. [PMID: 38952675 PMCID: PMC11215459 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Implants are widely used in the field of orthopedics and dental sciences. Titanium (TI) and its alloys have become the most widely used implant materials, but implant-associated infection remains a common and serious complication after implant surgery. In addition, titanium exhibits biological inertness, which prevents implants and bone tissue from binding strongly and may cause implants to loosen and fall out. Therefore, preventing implant infection and improving their bone induction ability are important goals. Purpose To study the antibacterial activity and bone induction ability of titanium-copper alloy implants coated with nanosilver/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (NSPTICU) and provide a new approach for inhibiting implant-associated infection and promoting bone integration. Methods We first examined the in vitro osteogenic ability of NSPTICU implants by studying the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the ability of NSPTICU implants to induce osteogenic activity in SD rats was studied by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, masson staining, immunohistochemistry and van gieson (VG) staining. The antibacterial activity of NSPTICU in vitro was studied with gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. Sa was used as the test bacterium, and the antibacterial ability of NSPTICU implanted in rats was studied by gross view specimen collection, bacterial colony counting, HE staining and Giemsa staining. Results Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis showed that NSPTICU promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vitro antimicrobial results showed that the NSPTICU implants exhibited better antibacterial properties. Animal experiments showed that NSPTICU can inhibit inflammation and promote the repair of bone defects. Conclusion NSPTICU has excellent antibacterial and bone induction ability, and has broad application prospects in the treatment of bone defects related to orthopedics and dental sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Geng
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao West Coast New Area People’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renping Dong
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao West Coast New Area People’s Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlin Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
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Wu Y, Liu P, Mehrjou B, Chu PK. Interdisciplinary-Inspired Smart Antibacterial Materials and Their Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305940. [PMID: 37469232 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of antibiotics has saved millions of lives, but the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become another problem in modern medicine. To avoid or reduce the overuse of antibiotics in antibacterial treatments, stimuli-responsive materials, pathogen-targeting nanoparticles, immunogenic nano-toxoids, and biomimetic materials are being developed to make sterilization better and smarter than conventional therapies. The common goal of smart antibacterial materials (SAMs) is to increase the antibiotic efficacy or function via an antibacterial mechanism different from that of antibiotics in order to increase the antibacterial and biological properties while reducing the risk of drug resistance. The research and development of SAMs are increasingly interdisciplinary because new designs require the knowledge of different fields and input/collaboration from scientists in different fields. A good understanding of energy conversion in materials, physiological characteristics in cells and bacteria, and bactericidal structures and components in nature are expected to promote the development of SAMs. In this review, the importance of multidisciplinary insights for SAMs is emphasized, and the latest advances in SAMs are categorized and discussed according to the pertinent disciplines including materials science, physiology, and biomimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzheng Wu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Babak Mehrjou
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Wang Z, Chen X, Yan L, Wang W, Zheng P, Mohammadreza A, Liu Q. Antimicrobial peptides in bone regeneration: mechanism and potential. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2024; 24:285-304. [PMID: 38567503 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2024.2337239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small-molecule peptides with a unique antimicrobial mechanism. Other notable biological activities of AMPs, including anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, and bone formation effects, have recently received widespread attention. These remarkable bioactivities, combined with the unique antimicrobial mechanism of action of AMPs, have led to their increasingly important role in bone regeneration. AREAS COVERED In this review, on the one hand, we aimed to summarize information about the AMPs that are currently used for bone regeneration by reviewing published literature in the PubMed database. On the other hand, we also highlight some AMPs with potential roles in bone regeneration and their possible mechanisms of action. EXPERT OPINION The translation of AMPs to the clinic still faces many problems, but their unique antimicrobial mechanisms and other conspicuous biological activities suggest great potential. An in-depth understanding of the structure and mechanism of action of AMPs will help us to subsequently combine AMPs with different carrier systems and perform structural modifications to reduce toxicity and achieve stable release, which may be a key strategy for facilitating the translation of AMPs to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiCheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoMan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - WenJie Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - PeiJia Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Atashbahar Mohammadreza
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of International Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang XY, Zhou XX, Yang H, Xu T, Dao JW, Bian L, Wei DX. Directed osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via sustained release of BMP4 from PBVHx-based nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130649. [PMID: 38453121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) is crucial for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration, essential in medical tissue engineering, cosmetology, and aerospace. However, its cost and degradation susceptibility pose significant clinical challenges. To enhance its osteogenic activity while reducing dosage and administration frequency, we developed a novel long-acting BMP4 delivery system using poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PBVHx) nanoparticles with soybean lecithin-modified BMP4 (sBP-NPs). These nanoparticles promote directed osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) through sustained BMP4 release. sBP-NPs exhibited uniform size (100-200 nm) and surface charges, with higher BMP4 entrapment efficiency (82.63 %) compared to controls. After an initial burst release within 24 h, sBP-NPs achieved 80 % cumulative BMP4 release within 20 days, maintaining levels better than control BP-NPs with unmodified BMP4. Co-incubation and nanoparticle uptake experiments confirmed excellent biocompatibility of sBP-NPs, promoting hBMSC differentiation towards osteogenic lineage with increased expression of type I collagen, calcium deposition, and ALP activity (> 20,000 U/g protein) compared to controls. Moreover, hBMSCs treated with sBP-NPs exhibited heightened expression of osteogenic genetic markers, surpassing control groups. Hence, this innovative strategy of sustained BMP4 release from sBP-NPs holds potential to revolutionize bone regeneration in minimally invasive surgery, medical cosmetology or space environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, China; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Jin-Wei Dao
- Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong 643002, China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Dai-Xu Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China; Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong Psychiatric Research Center, Zigong Institute of Brain Science, Zigong 643002, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Xie S, Zeng D, Luo H, Zhong P, Wang Y, Xu Z, Zhang P. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 and pulsed electrical stimulation synergistically promoted osteogenic differentiation on MC-3T3-E1 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-023-04916-8. [PMID: 38228982 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) plays an important role in regulating cell osteoblast differentiation. As a noninvasive rehabilitation therapy method, Es has a unique role in postoperative recovery. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is the most commonly used bioactive molecule in in situ tissue engineering scaffolds, and it plays an important regulatory role in the whole process of bone injury repair. In this study, the osteogenic regulation of MC-3T3-E1 cells was studied by combining pulsed electrical stimulation (PES) and different concentrations of BMP-2. The results showed that PES and BMP-2 could synergically promote the proliferation of MC-3T3-E1 cells. The qPCR results of osteoblast-related genes showed that PES was synergistic with BMP-2 to promote osteoblast differentiation mainly through the regulation of the Smad/BMP and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathways. The expression level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining further demonstrated the synergistic effect of PES and BMP-2 on promoting osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of cells. PES and BMP-2 could also synergically promote cell proliferation, expression of collagen I (COL-I) and ALP, and cell mineralization on the 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffold. These results suggest that the use of PES can enhance the osteogenic effect of in situ bone repair scaffolds containing BMP-2, reduce the dose of BMP-2 alone, and reduce the possible side effects of high-dose BMP-2 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Deming Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanwen Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peibiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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Yan B, Hua Y, Wang J, Shao T, Wang S, Gao X, Gao J. Surface Modification Progress for PLGA-Based Cell Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:165. [PMID: 38201830 PMCID: PMC10780542 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactic-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biocompatible bio-scaffold material, but its own hydrophobic and electrically neutral surface limits its application as a cell scaffold. Polymer materials, mimics ECM materials, and organic material have often been used as coating materials for PLGA cell scaffolds to improve the poor cell adhesion of PLGA and enhance tissue adaptation. These coating materials can be modified on the PLGA surface via simple physical or chemical methods, and coating multiple materials can simultaneously confer different functions to the PLGA scaffold; not only does this ensure stronger cell adhesion but it also modulates cell behavior and function. This approach to coating could facilitate the production of more PLGA-based cell scaffolds. This review focuses on the PLGA surface-modified materials, methods, and applications, and will provide guidance for PLGA surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Yabing Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Jinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Tianjiao Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; (B.Y.); (J.W.); (T.S.); (S.W.)
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Sahandi Zangabad P, Abousalman Rezvani Z, Tong Z, Esser L, Vasani RB, Voelcker NH. Recent Advances in Formulations for Long-Acting Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3532-3554. [PMID: 37294445 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical studies have focused on the active area of therapeutic peptides due to their high potency, selectivity, and specificity in treating a broad range of diseases. However, therapeutic peptides suffer from multiple disadvantages, such as limited oral bioavailability, short half-life, rapid clearance from the body, and susceptibility to physiological conditions (e.g., acidic pH and enzymolysis). Therefore, high peptide dosages and dose frequencies are required for effective patient treatment. Recent innovations in pharmaceutical formulations have substantially improved therapeutic peptide administration by providing the following advantages: long-acting delivery, precise dose administration, retention of biological activity, and improvement of patient compliance. This review discusses therapeutic peptides and challenges in their delivery and explores recent peptide delivery formulations, including micro/nanoparticles (based on lipids, polymers, porous silicon, silica, and stimuli-responsive materials), (stimuli-responsive) hydrogels, particle/hydrogel composites, and (natural or synthetic) scaffolds. This review further covers the applications of these formulations for prolonged delivery and sustained release of therapeutic peptides and their impact on peptide bioactivity, loading efficiency, and (in vitro/in vivo) release parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Sahandi Zangabad
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Zahra Abousalman Rezvani
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Ziqiu Tong
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lars Esser
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Roshan B Vasani
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutics Science, Monash University, Parkville Campus, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Wu Y, Liu J, Kang L, Tian J, Zhang X, Hu J, Huang Y, Liu F, Wang H, Wu Z. An overview of 3D printed metal implants in orthopedic applications: Present and future perspectives. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17718. [PMID: 37456029 PMCID: PMC10344715 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ability to produce components with complex and precise structures, additive manufacturing or 3D printing techniques are now widely applied in both industry and consumer markets. The emergence of tissue engineering has facilitated the application of 3D printing in the field of biomedical implants. 3D printed implants with proper structural design can not only eliminate the stress shielding effect but also improve in vivo biocompatibility and functionality. By combining medical images derived from technologies such as X-ray scanning, CT, MRI, or ultrasonic scanning, 3D printing can be used to create patient-specific implants with almost the same anatomical structures as the injured tissues. Numerous clinical trials have already been conducted with customized implants. However, the limited availability of raw materials for printing and a lack of guidance from related regulations or laws may impede the development of 3D printing in medical implants. This review provides information on the current state of 3D printing techniques in orthopedic implant applications. The current challenges and future perspectives are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Wu
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jieying Liu
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Kang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xueyi Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fuze Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Bone and Joint Disease, Beijing, China
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Xie C, Rashed F, Sasaki Y, Khan M, Qi J, Kubo Y, Matsumoto Y, Sawada S, Sasaki Y, Ono T, Ikeda T, Akiyoshi K, Aoki K. Comparison of Osteoconductive Ability of Two Types of Cholesterol-Bearing Pullulan (CHP) Nanogel-Hydrogels Impregnated with BMP-2 and RANKL-Binding Peptide: Bone Histomorphometric Study in a Murine Calvarial Defect Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119751. [PMID: 37298702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-binding peptide is known to accelerate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-induced bone formation. Cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHP)-OA nanogel-crosslinked PEG gel (CHP-OA nanogel-hydrogel) was shown to release the RANKL-binding peptide sustainably; however, an appropriate scaffold for peptide-accelerated bone formation is not determined yet. This study compares the osteoconductivity of CHP-OA hydrogel and another CHP nanogel, CHP-A nanogel-crosslinked PEG gel (CHP-A nanogel-hydrogel), in the bone formation induced by BMP-2 and the peptide. A calvarial defect model was performed in 5-week-old male mice, and scaffolds were placed in the defect. In vivo μCT was performed every week. Radiological and histological analyses after 4 weeks of scaffold placement revealed that the calcified bone area and the bone formation activity at the defect site in the CHP-OA hydrogel were significantly lower than those in the CHP-A hydrogel when the scaffolds were impregnated with both BMP-2 and the RANKL-binding peptide. The amount of induced bone was similar in both CHP-A and CHP-OA hydrogels when impregnated with BMP-2 alone. In conclusion, CHP-A hydrogel could be an appropriate scaffold compared to the CHP-OA hydrogel when the local bone formation was induced by the combination of RANKL-binding peptide and BMP-2, but not by BMP-2 alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangyou Xie
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Fatma Rashed
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Yosuke Sasaki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Masud Khan
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yuri Kubo
- Department of AI Technology Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Matsumoto
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sawada
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Tohru Ikeda
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Bi Z, Shi X, Liao S, Li X, Sun C, Liu J. Strategies of immobilizing BMP-2 with 3D-printed scaffolds to improve osteogenesis. Regen Med 2023; 18:425-441. [PMID: 37125508 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The management and definitive treatment of critical-size bone defects in severe trauma, tumor resection and congenital malformation are troublesome for orthopedic surgeons and patients worldwide without recognized good treatment strategies. Researchers and clinicians are working to develop new strategies to treat these problems. This review aims to summarize the techniques used by additive manufacturing scaffolds loaded with BMP-2 to promote osteogenesis and to analyze the current status and trends in relevant clinical translation. Optimize composite scaffold design to enhance bone regeneration through printing technology, material selection, structure design and loading methods of BMP-2 to advance the clinical therapeutic bone repair field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Bi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Xiaotong Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Shiyu Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
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Hassan M, Khaleel A, Karam SM, Al-Marzouqi AH, ur Rehman I, Mohsin S. Bacterial Inhibition and Osteogenic Potentials of Sr/Zn Co-Doped Nano-Hydroxyapatite-PLGA Composite Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061370. [PMID: 36987151 PMCID: PMC10057618 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection associated with bone grafts is one of the major challenges that can lead to implant failure. Treatment of these infections is a costly endeavor; therefore, an ideal bone scaffold should merge both biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. Antibiotic-impregnated scaffolds may prevent bacterial colonization but exacerbate the global antibiotic resistance problem. Recent approaches combined scaffolds with metal ions that have antimicrobial properties. In our study, a unique strontium/zinc (Sr/Zn) co-doped nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) -(PLGA) composite scaffold was fabricated using a chemical precipitation method with different ratios of Sr/Zn ions (1%, 2.5%, and 4%). The scaffolds’ antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated by counting bacterial colony-forming unit (CFU) numbers after direct contact with the scaffolds. The results showed a dose-dependent reduction in CFU numbers as the Zn concentration increased, with 4% Zn showing the best antibacterial properties of all the Zn-containing scaffolds. PLGA incorporation in Sr/Zn-nHAp did not affect the Zn antibacterial activity and the 4% Sr/Zn-nHAp-PLGA scaffold showed a 99.7% bacterial growth inhibition. MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell viability assay showed that Sr/Zn co-doping supported osteoblast cell proliferation with no apparent cytotoxicity and the highest doping percentage in the 4% Sr/Zn-nHAp-PLGA was found to be ideal for cell growth. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the potential for a 4% Sr/Zn-nHAp-PLGA scaffold with enhanced antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility as a suitable candidate for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozan Hassan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abbas Khaleel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherif Mohamed Karam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Hassan Al-Marzouqi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ihtesham ur Rehman
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Sahar Mohsin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-713-7516
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14
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Guo L, Chen H, Li Y, Zhou J, Chen J. Biocompatible scaffolds constructed by chondroitin sulfate microspheres conjugated 3D-printed frameworks for bone repair. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120188. [PMID: 36876803 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most bone repair scaffolds are multi-connected channel structure, but the hollow structure is not conducive to the transmission of active factors, cells and so on. Here, microspheres were covalently integrated into 3D-printed frameworks to form composite scaffolds for bone repair. The frameworks composed of double bond modified gelatin (Gel-MA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) provided strong support for related cells climbing and growth. Microspheres, which were made of Gel-MA and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA), were able to connect the frameworks like bridges, providing channels for cells migration. Additionally, CSA released from microspheres promoted the migration of osteoblasts and enhanced osteogenesis. The composite scaffolds could effectively repair mouse skull defect and improve MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation. These observations confirm the bridging effect of microspheres rich in chondroitin sulfate and also determine that the composite scaffold can be as a promising candidate for enhanced bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanli Li
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jinghua Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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15
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Yang C, Zhou L, Geng X, Zhang H, Wang B, Ning B. New dual-function in situ bone repair scaffolds promote osteogenesis and reduce infection. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:23. [PMID: 36138479 PMCID: PMC9503254 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of infectious bone defects is a difficult problem to be solved in the clinic. In situ bone defect repair scaffolds with anti-infection and osteogenic abilities can effectively deal with infectious bone defects. In this study, an in situ polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold containing ampicillin (Amp) and Mg microspheres was prepared by 3D printing technology. Results Mg and Amp were evenly distributed in PCL scaffolds and could be released slowly to the surrounding defect sites with the degradation of scaffolds. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the PCL scaffold containing Mg and Amp (PCL@Mg/Amp) demonstrated good cell adhesion and proliferation. The osteogenic genes collagen I (COL-I) and Runx2 were upregulated in cells grown on the PCL@Mg/Amp scaffold. The PCL@Mg/Amp scaffold also demonstrated excellent antibacterial ability against E. coli and S. aureus. In vivo experiments showed that the PCL@Mg/Amp scaffold had the strongest ability to promote tibial defect repair in rats compared with the other groups of scaffolds. Conclusions This kind of dual-function in situ bone repair scaffold with anti-infection and osteogenic abilities has good application prospects in the field of treating infectious bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, 250117, China.,Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xiaodan Geng
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Bin Ning
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250117, China.
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Samadi A, Salati MA, Safari A, Jouyandeh M, Barani M, Singh Chauhan NP, Golab EG, Zarrintaj P, Kar S, Seidi F, Hejna A, Saeb MR. Comparative review of piezoelectric biomaterials approach for bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1555-1594. [PMID: 35604896 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2065409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone as a minerals' reservoir and rigid tissue of the body generating red and white blood cells supports various organs. Although the self-regeneration property of bone, it cannot regenerate spontaneously in severe damages and still remains as a challenging issue. Tissue engineering offers several techniques for regenerating damaged bones, where various biomaterials are examined to fabricate scaffolds for bone repair. Piezoelectric characteristic plays a crucial role in repairing and regenerating damaged bone by mimicking the bone niche behavior. Piezoelectric biomaterials show significant potential for bone tissue engineering. Herein we try to have a comparative review on piezoelectric and non-piezoelectric biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering, classified them, and discussed their effects on implanted cells and manufacturing techniques. Especially, Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its composites are the most practically used piezoelectric biomaterials for bone regeneration. PVDF and its composites have been summarized and discussed to repair damaged bone tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Samadi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Amin Safari
- Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellent in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barani
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bhupal Nobles' University, Udaipur 313002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Elias Ghaleh Golab
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Omidiyeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
| | - Payam Zarrintaj
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Saptarshi Kar
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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Zhou J, Nie Y, Jin C, Zhang JXJ. Engineering Biomimetic Extracellular Matrix with Silica Nanofibers: From 1D Material to 3D Network. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2258-2280. [PMID: 35377596 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials at nanoscale is a fast-expanding research field with which extensive studies have been conducted on understanding the interactions between cells and their surrounding microenvironments as well as intracellular communications. Among many kinds of nanoscale biomaterials, mesoporous fibrous structures are especially attractive as a promising approach to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) for cell and tissue research. Silica is a well-studied biocompatible, natural inorganic material that can be synthesized as morpho-genetically active scaffolds by various methods. This review compares silica nanofibers (SNFs) to other ECM materials such as hydrogel, polymers, and decellularized natural ECM, summarizes fabrication techniques for SNFs, and discusses different strategies of constructing ECM using SNFs. In addition, the latest progress on SNFs synthesis and biomimetic ECM substrates fabrication is summarized and highlighted. Lastly, we look at the wide use of SNF-based ECM scaffolds in biological applications, including stem cell regulation, tissue engineering, drug release, and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhu Zhou
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Yuan Nie
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Congran Jin
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - John X J Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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18
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Majeed MH, Abd Alsaheb NK. Mechanical Property Evaluation of PLA/Soybean Oil Epoxidized Acrylate Three-Dimensional Scaffold in Bone Tissue Engineering. KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2022; 911:17-26. [DOI: 10.4028/p-awpbe6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently investigated photocurable, biocompatible plant resin on tissue engineering to provide the scaffold with structural support and mechanical properties. A novel method had been used here to build our scaffold by combined the traditional three-dimensional fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing and injected the structural scaffold after fabrication with plant-based resin. The materials used are polymers a synthesized one polylactic acid and soybean oil epoxidized acrylate. The addition of soybean plant-based resin improves the adhesion and proliferation of the PLA scaffold while also providing structural support to the fabricated scaffold. The purpose of the study made optimization of printing parameters and compared different printing scaffolds to select the perfect one with preferred mechanical properties. Two designs are built (cubic design and cylinder design) to make a comparison of mechanical properties between the two designs. The novel method was used through injected soybean oil resin into the PLA scaffold by avoiding any heat and temperature rise of the resin. In the traditional method, the resin is printed using an SLA printer which exposed the resin to heating before printing, this will affect the properties of the final model in our technique temperature will eliminate by direct inject the plant-based resin into the PLA scaffold and then photocuring with ultraviolet curing device for 30 min at 405nm. Finally, the results demonstrate that after injecting PLA scaffold with soybean oil resin, the mechanical properties of the scaffold improve; additionally, the results show that the cylindrical design has more promising mechanical properties than the cubic design.
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19
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Wei DX, Zhang XW. Biosynthesis, Bioactivity, Biosafety and Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides for Human Health. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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20
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Rahimnejad M, Rezvaninejad R, Rezvaninejad R, França R. Biomaterials in bone and mineralized tissue engineering using 3D printing and bioprinting technologies. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 7. [PMID: 34438382 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ac21ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on recently developed printable biomaterials for bone and mineralized tissue engineering. 3D printing or bioprinting is an advanced technology to design and fabricate complex functional 3D scaffolds, mimicking native tissue forin vivoapplications. We categorized the biomaterials into two main classes: 3D printing and bioprinting. Various biomaterials, including natural, synthetic biopolymers and their composites, have been studied. Biomaterial inks or bioinks used for bone and mineralized tissue regeneration include hydrogels loaded with minerals or bioceramics, cells, and growth factors. In 3D printing, the scaffold is created by acellular biomaterials (biomaterial inks), while in 3D bioprinting, cell-laden hydrogels (bioinks) are used. Two main classes of bioceramics, including bioactive and bioinert ceramics, are reviewed. Bioceramics incorporation provides osteoconductive properties and induces bone formation. Each biopolymer and mineral have its advantages and limitations. Each component of these composite biomaterials provides specific properties, and their combination can ameliorate the mechanical properties, bioactivity, or biological integration of the 3D printed scaffold. Present challenges and future approaches to address them are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Rahimnejad
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Raziyehsadat Rezvaninejad
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran
| | | | - Rodrigo França
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Zhongxing L, Shaohong W, Jinlong L, Limin Z, Yuanzheng W, Haipeng G, Jian C. Three-dimensional printed hydroxyapatite bone tissue engineering scaffold with antibacterial and osteogenic ability. J Biol Eng 2021; 15:21. [PMID: 34372891 PMCID: PMC8353754 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective scaffold for bone defect repair is an urgent clinical need. However, it is challenging to design a scaffold with efficient osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity for regeneration of bone defect. In this study, we successfully prepared a hydroxyapatite (HA) porous scaffold with a surface-specific binding of peptides during osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity using a three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The HA binding domain (HABD) was introduced to the C-terminal of bone morphogenetic protein 2 mimetic peptide (BMP2-MP) and antimicrobial peptide of PSI10. The binding capability results showed that BMP2-MP and PSI10-containing HABD were firmly bound to the surface of HA scaffolds. After BMP2-MP and PSI10 were bound to the scaffold surface, no negative effect was observed on cell proliferation and adhesion. The gene expression and protein translation levels of type I collagen (COL-I), osteocalcin (OCN) and Runx2 have been significantly improved in the BMP2-MP/HABP group. The level of alkaline phosphatase significantly increased in the BMP2-MP/HABP group. The inhibition zone test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli BL21 prove that the PSI10/HABP@HA scaffold has strong antibacterial ability than another group. These findings suggest that 3D-printed HA scaffolds with efficient osteoinduction and antimicrobial activity represent a promising biomaterial for bone defect reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhongxing
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Shaohong
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jinlong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhang Limin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yuanzheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao Haipeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Cao Jian
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, Chifeng, People's Republic of China.
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Qu M, Wang C, Zhou X, Libanori A, Jiang X, Xu W, Zhu S, Chen Q, Sun W, Khademhosseini A. Multi-Dimensional Printing for Bone Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001986. [PMID: 33876580 PMCID: PMC8192454 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of 3D printing has significantly advanced the field of bone tissue engineering by enabling the fabrication of scaffolds that faithfully recapitulate desired mechanical properties and architectures. In addition, computer-based manufacturing relying on patient-derived medical images permits the fabrication of customized modules in a patient-specific manner. In addition to conventional 3D fabrication, progress in materials engineering has led to the development of 4D printing, allowing time-sensitive interventions such as programed therapeutics delivery and modulable mechanical features. Therapeutic interventions established via multi-dimensional engineering are expected to enhance the development of personalized treatment in various fields, including bone tissue regeneration. Here, recent studies utilizing 3D printed systems for bone tissue regeneration are summarized and advances in 4D printed systems are highlighted. Challenges and perspectives for the future development of multi-dimensional printed systems toward personalized bone regeneration are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyuan Qu
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Canran Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alberto Libanori
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xing Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weizhe Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Songsong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiology University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, United States
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Jin S, Xia X, Huang J, Yuan C, Zuo Y, Li Y, Li J. Recent advances in PLGA-based biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:56-79. [PMID: 33831569 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is an interdisciplinary complex lesson, including but not limited to materials science, biomechanics, immunology, and biology. Having witnessed impressive progress in the past decades in the development of bone substitutes; however, it must be said that the most suitable biomaterial for bone regeneration remains an area of intense debate. Since its discovery, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability. This review systematically covers the past and the most recent advances in developing PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. Taking the different application forms of PLGA-based materials as the starting point, we describe each form's specific application and its corresponding advantages and disadvantages with many examples. We focus on the progress of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds, and stents prepared by other traditional and emerging methods. Finally, we briefly discuss the current limitations and future directions of PLGA-based bone repair materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a key synthetic biopolymer in bone tissue engineering application, the progress of PLGA-based bone substitute is impressive. In this review, we summarized the past and the most recent advances in the development of PLGA-based bone regeneration materials. According to the typical application forms and corresponding crafts of PLGA-based substitutes, we described the development of electrospinning nanofibrous scaffolds, 3D printed scaffolds, microspheres/nanoparticles, hydrogels, multiphasic scaffolds and scaffolds fabricated by other manufacturing process. Finally, we briefly discussed the current limitations and proposed the newly strategy for the design and fabrication of PLGA-based bone materials or devices.
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24
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Chen ZY, Gao S, Zhang YW, Zhou RB, Zhou F. Antibacterial biomaterials in bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2594-2612. [PMID: 33666632 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone infection is a devastating disease characterized by recurrence, drug-resistance, and high morbidity, that has prompted clinicians and scientists to develop novel approaches to combat it. Currently, although numerous biomaterials that possess excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, and mechanical strength have been developed, their lack of effective antibacterial ability substantially limits bone-defect treatment efficacy. There is, accordingly, a pressing need to design antibacterial biomaterials for effective bone-infection prevention and treatment. This review focuses on antibacterial biomaterials and strategies; it presents recently reported biomaterials, including antibacterial implants, antibacterial scaffolds, antibacterial hydrogels, and antibacterial bone cement types, and aims to provide an overview of these antibacterial materials for application in biomedicine. The antibacterial mechanisms of these materials are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yang Chen
- Orthopedic Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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25
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Makhlynets OV, Caputo GA. Characteristics and therapeutic applications of antimicrobial peptides. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:011301. [PMID: 38505398 PMCID: PMC10903410 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The demand for novel antimicrobial compounds is rapidly growing due to the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. In response, numerous alternative approaches are being taken including use of polymers, metals, combinatorial approaches, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are a naturally occurring part of the immune system of all higher organisms and display remarkable broad-spectrum activity and high selectivity for bacterial cells over host cells. However, despite good activity and safety profiles, AMPs have struggled to find success in the clinic. In this review, we outline the fundamental properties of AMPs that make them effective antimicrobials and extend this into three main approaches being used to help AMPs become viable clinical options. These three approaches are the incorporation of non-natural amino acids into the AMP sequence to impart better pharmacological properties, the incorporation of AMPs in hydrogels, and the chemical modification of surfaces with AMPs for device applications. These approaches are being developed to enhance the biocompatibility, stability, and/or bioavailability of AMPs as clinical options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Makhlynets
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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26
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Surface modification of a three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffold by polydopamine, biomineralization, and BMP-2 immobilization for potential bone tissue applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 199:111528. [PMID: 33385823 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a free-form fabrication technique enabling fine feature control for tissue engineering applications. Especially, 3D scaffolds capable of supporting cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation are a prerequisite for bone tissue regeneration. Herein, we elaborated this approach to produce a 3D polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold with long-term osteogenic activity. Specifically, we coated polydopamine (PDA) on 3D PCL scaffolds, subsequently deposited hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles via biomimetic mineralization, and finally immobilized bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Material properties were characterized and compared with various 3D scaffolds, including PCL, PDA-coated PCL (PCL/PDA), and PDA-coated and HA-deposited PCL (PCL/PDA/HA). In vitro cell culture studies with osteoblasts revealed that the PCL/PDA/HA scaffolds immobilized with BMP-2 showed long-term retention of BMP-2 (for up to 21 days) and significantly increased osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as evidenced by metabolic activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposition. We believe that this multifunctional osteogenic 3D scaffold will be useful for bone tissue engineering applications.
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27
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Vaquette C, Bock N, Tran PA. Layered Antimicrobial Selenium Nanoparticle-Calcium Phosphate Coating on 3D Printed Scaffolds Enhanced Bone Formation in Critical Size Defects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55638-55648. [PMID: 33270424 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Preventing bacterial colonization on scaffolds while supporting tissue formation is highly desirable in tissue engineering as bacterial infection remains a clinically significant risk to any implanted biomaterials. Elemental selenium (Se0) nanoparticles have emerged as a promising antimicrobial biomaterial without tissue cell toxicity, yet it remains unknown if their biological properties are from soluble Se ions or from direct cell-nanoparticle interactions. To answer this question, in this study, we developed a layered coating consisting of a Se nanoparticle layer underneath a micrometer-thick, biomimetic calcium phosphate (CaP) layer. We showed, for the first time, that the release of soluble HSe- ions from the Se nanoparticles strongly inhibited planktonic growth and biofilm formation of key bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. The Se-CaP coating was found to support higher bone formation than the CaP-only coating in critical-size calvarial defects in rats; this finding could be directly attributed to the released soluble Se ions as the CaP layers in both groups had no detectable differences in the porous morphology, chemistry, and release of Ca or P. The Se-CaP coating was highly versatile and applicable to various surface chemistries as it formed through simple precipitation from aqueous solutions at room temperature and therefore could be promising in bone regeneration scaffolds or orthopedic implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedryck Vaquette
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Phong A Tran
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Interface Science and Materials Engineering Group, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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28
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Ashwin B, Abinaya B, Prasith T, Chandran SV, Yadav LR, Vairamani M, Patil S, Selvamurugan N. 3D-poly (lactic acid) scaffolds coated with gelatin and mucic acid for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:523-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Li H, Yang Z, Fu L, Yuan Z, Gao C, Sui X, Liu S, Peng J, Dai Y, Guo Q. Advanced Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Meniscal Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:266-293. [PMID: 32988289 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus plays a critical role in maintaining knee joint homeostasis. Injuries to the meniscus, especially considering the limited self-healing capacity of the avascular region, continue to be a challenge and are often treated by (partial) meniscectomy, which has been identified to cause osteoarthritis. Currently, meniscus tissue engineering focuses on providing extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking scaffolds to direct the inherent meniscal regeneration process, and it has been found that various stimuli are essential. Numerous bioactive factors present benefits in regulating cell fate, tissue development, and healing, but lack an optimal delivery system. More recently, bioengineers have developed various polymer-based drug delivery systems (PDDSs), which are beneficial in terms of the favorable properties of polymers as well as novel delivery strategies. Engineered PDDSs aim to provide not only an ECM-mimicking microenvironment but also the controlled release of bioactive factors with release profiles tailored according to the biological concerns and properties of the factors. In this review, both different polymers and bioactive factors involved in meniscal regeneration are discussed, as well as potential candidate systems, with examples of recent progress. This article aims to summarize drug delivery strategies in meniscal regeneration, with a focus on novel delivery strategies rather than on specific delivery carriers. The current challenges and future prospects for the structural and functional regeneration of the meniscus are also discussed. Impact statement Meniscal injury remains a clinical Gordian knot owing to the limited healing potential of the region, restricted surgical approaches, and risk of inducing osteoarthritis. Existing tissue engineering scaffolds that provide mechanical support and a favorable microenvironment also lack biological cues. Advanced polymer-based delivery strategies consisting of polymers incorporating bioactive factors have emerged as a promising direction. This article primarily reviews the types and applications of biopolymers and bioactive factors in meniscal regeneration. Importantly, various carrier systems and drug delivery strategies are discussed with the hope of inspiring further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Yongjing Dai
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
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30
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Lee J, Seok JM, Huh SJ, Byun HY, Lee SM, Park SA, Shin H. 3D printed micro-chambers carrying stem cell spheroids and pro-proliferative growth factors for bone tissue regeneration. Biofabrication 2020; 13. [PMID: 33086206 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abc39c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds have proved to be effective tools for delivering growth factors and cells in bone-tissue engineering. However, delivering spheroids that enhance cellular function remains challenging because the spheroids tend to suffer from low viability, which limits bone regenerationin vivo. Here, we describe a 3D-printed polycaprolactone micro-chamber that can deliver human adipose-derived stem cell spheroids. Anin vitroculture of cells from spheroids in the micro-chamber exhibited greater viability and proliferation compared with cells cultured without the chamber. We coated the surface of the chamber with 500 ng of platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF), and immobilized 50 ng of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) on fragmented fibers, which were incorporated within the spheroids as a new platform for a dual-growth-factor delivery system. The PDGF detached from the chamber within 8 h and the remains were retained on the surface of chamber while the BMP-2 was entrapped by the spheroid. In vitro osteogenic differentiation of the cells from the spheroids in the micro-chamber with dual growth factors enhanced alkaline phosphatase and collagen type 1A expression by factors of 126.7 ± 19.6 and 89.7 ± 0.3, respectively, compared with expression in a micro-chamber with no growth factors. In vivo transplantation of the chambers with dual growth factors into mouse calvarial defects resulted in a 77.0 ± 15.9% of regenerated bone area, while the chamber without growth factors and a defect-only group achieved 7.6 ± 3.9% and 5.0 ± 1.9% of regenerated bone areas, respectively. These findings indicate that a spheroid-loaded micro-chamber supplied with dual growth factors can serve as an effective protein-delivery platform that increases stem-cell functioning and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyu Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Ji Min Seok
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seung Jae Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Ha Yeon Byun
- Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Su A Park
- Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, 34103, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea (the Republic of)
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31
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32
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Dashtimoghadam E, Fahimipour F, Tongas N, Tayebi L. Microfluidic fabrication of microcarriers with sequential delivery of VEGF and BMP-2 for bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11764. [PMID: 32678204 PMCID: PMC7366644 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound instability and poor functional vascularization in bone tissue engineering lead to lack of tissue integration and ultimate failure of engineered grafts. In order to harness the regenerative potential of growth factors and stimulate bone healing, present study aims to design multifunctional cell therapy microcarriers with the capability of sequential delivery of essential growth factors, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). An on-chip double emulsion method was implemented to generate monodisperse VEGF encapsulated microcarriers. Bio-inspired poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) (PDA) was then functionalized to the microcarriers surface for BMP-2 conjugation. The microcarriers were seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using a dynamic culture technique for cells expansion. Finally, the microcarriers were incorporated into an injectable alginate-RGD hydrogel laden with endothelial cells (ECs) for further analysis. The DNA and calcium content, as well as ALP activity of the construct were analyzed. The confocal fluorescent microscopy was employed to monitor the MSCs and tunneling structure of ECs. Eventually, the capability of developed microcarriers for bone tissue formation was examined in vivo. Microfluidic platform generated monodisperse VEGF-loaded PLGA microcarriers with size-dependent release patterns. Microcarriers generated with the on-chip technique showed more sustained VEGF release profiles compared to the conventional bulk mixing method. The PDA functionalization of microcarriers surface not only provided immobilization of BMP-2 with prolonged bioavailability, but also enhanced the attachment and proliferation of MSCs. Dynamic culturing of microcarriers showcased their great potential to boost MSCs population required for stem cell therapy of bone defects. ALP activity and calcium content analysis of MSCs-laden microcarriers loaded into injectable hydrogels revealed their capability of tunneling formation, vascular cell growth and osteogenic differentiation. The in vivo histology and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that transplantation of MSC-laden microcarriers supports ectopic bone formation in the rat model. The presented approach to design bioactive microcarriers offer sustained sequential delivery of bone ECM chemical cues and offer an ideal stabilized 3D microenvironment for patient-specific cell therapy applications. The proposed methodology is readily expandable to integrate other cells and cytokines in a tuned spatiotemporal manner for personalized regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farahnaz Fahimipour
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nikita Tongas
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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33
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Mirza S, Jolly R, Zia I, Saad Umar M, Owais M, Shakir M. Bioactive Gum Arabic/κ-Carrageenan-Incorporated Nano-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites and Their Relative Biological Functionalities in Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11279-11290. [PMID: 32478215 PMCID: PMC7254512 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present frontiers of bone tissue engineering are being pushed by novel biomaterials that exhibit phenomenal biocompatibility and adequate mechanical strength. In this work, we fabricated a ternary system incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA)/gum arabic (GA)/κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) with varying concentrations, i.e., 60/30/10 (CHG1), 60/20/20 (CHG2), and 60/10/30 (CHG3). A binary system with n-HA and GA was also prepared with a ratio of 60/40 (HG) and compared with the ternary system. A rapid mineralization of the apatite layer was observed for the ternary systems after incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 15 days as corroborated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). CHG2 exhibited the maximum apatite layer deposition. Further, the nanocomposites were physicochemically analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and mechanical testing. Their results revealed a substantial interaction among the components, appropriate crystallinity, and significantly enhanced compressive strength and modulus for the ternary nanocomposites. The greatest mechanical strength was achieved by the scaffold containing equal amounts of GA and κ-CG. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by culturing osteoblast-like MG63 cells, which exhibited the highest cell viability for the CHG2 nanocomposite system. It was further supported by confocal microscopy, which revealed the maximum cell proliferation for the CHG2 scaffold. In addition, enhanced antibacterial activity, protein adsorption, biodegradability, and osteogenic differentiation were observed for the ternary nanocomposites. Osteogenic gene markers, such as osteocalcin (OCN), osteonectin (ON), and osteopontin (OPN), were present in higher quantities in the CHG2 and CHG3 nanocomposites as confirmed by western blotting. These results substantiated the pertinence of n-HA-, GA-, and κ-CG-incorporated ternary systems to bone implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbul Mirza
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Reshma Jolly
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Iram Zia
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohd Saad Umar
- Molecular
Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Molecular
Immunology Group Lab, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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34
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Tanaka M, Aoki K, Haniu H, Kamanaka T, Takizawa T, Sobajima A, Yoshida K, Okamoto M, Kato H, Saito N. Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Bone Regenerative Medicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E659. [PMID: 32252244 PMCID: PMC7221610 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds are essential for bone regeneration due to their ability to maintain a sustained release of growth factors and to provide a place where cells that form new bone can enter and proliferate. In recent years, scaffolds made of various materials have been developed and evaluated. Functionally effective scaffolds require excellent cell affinity, chemical properties, mechanical properties, and safety. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fibrous nanoparticles with a nano-size diameter and have excellent strength and chemical stability. In the industrial field, they are used as fillers to improve the performance of materials. Because of their excellent physicochemical properties, CNTs are studied for their promising clinical applications as biomaterials. In this review article, we focused on the results of our research on CNT scaffolds for bone regeneration, introduced the promising properties of scaffolds for bone regeneration, and described the potential of CNT scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okaya City Hospital, 4-11-33 Honcho, Okaya, Nagano 394-8512, Japan
| | - Kaoru Aoki
- Physical Therapy Division, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan;
| | - Hisao Haniu
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (H.H.); (N.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kamanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (T.K.); (T.T.); (K.Y.); (M.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Takashi Takizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (T.K.); (T.T.); (K.Y.); (M.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Atsushi Sobajima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Marunouchi Hospital, 1-7-45 Nagisa, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8601, Japan;
| | - Kazushige Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (T.K.); (T.T.); (K.Y.); (M.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Masanori Okamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (T.K.); (T.T.); (K.Y.); (M.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (T.K.); (T.T.); (K.Y.); (M.O.); (H.K.)
| | - Naoto Saito
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (H.H.); (N.S.)
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Sun Y, Cheng S, Lu W, Wang Y, Zhang P, Yao Q. Electrospun fibers and their application in drug controlled release, biological dressings, tissue repair, and enzyme immobilization. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25712-25729. [PMID: 35530076 PMCID: PMC9070372 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05012d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a method of preparing microfibers or nanofibers by using an electrostatic force to stretch the electrospinning fluid. Electrospinning has gained considerable attention in many fields due to its ability to produce continuous fibers from a variety of polymers and composites in a simple way. Electrospun nanofibers have many merits such as diverse chemical composition, easily adjustable structure, adjustable diameter, high surface area, high porosity, and good pore connectivity, which give them broad application prospects in the biomedical field. This review systematically introduced the factors influencing electrospinning, the types of electrospun fibers, the types of electrospinning, and the detailed applications of electrospun fibers in controlled drug release, biological dressings, tissue repair and enzyme immobilization fields. The latest progress of using electrospun fibers in these fields was summarized, and the main challenges to be solved in electrospinning technology were put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
| | - Shihong Cheng
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
| | - Wenjuan Lu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
| | - Pingping Zhang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan 250062 Shandong China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Jinan 250062 Shandong China +86-0531-82919706 +86-0531-82919706
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