1
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Schneider JS, Helten H. Hybrid materials comprising ferrocene and diaminoborane moieties: linear concatenation versus macrocyclization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11706-11709. [PMID: 39228359 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03813d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Combination of borane and diaminoferrocene monomers by Si/B exchange condensation reactions afforded either diazabora-[3]ferrocenophanes or, via stepwise processes, larger macrocycles and a series of linear oligomers. Additional incorporation of p-phenylene moieties in the backbone yielded alternating concatenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes S Schneider
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Helten
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Zhang BS, Homölle SL, Bauch T, Oliveira JCA, Warratz S, Yuan B, Gou XY, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Skeletal Indole Editing via Nitrogen Atom Insertion by Sustainable Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407384. [PMID: 38959168 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal molecular editing gained considerable recent momentum and emerged as a uniquely powerful tool for late-stage diversifications. Thus far, superstoichiometric amounts of costly hypervalent iodine(III) reagents were largely required for skeletal indole editing. In contrast, we herein show that electricity enables sustainable nitrogen atom insertion reactions to give bio-relevant quinazoline scaffolds without stoichiometric chemical redox-waste product. The transition metal-free electro-editing was enabled by the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and proved robust on scale, while tolerating a variety of valuable functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Sheng Zhang
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simon L Homölle
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tristan Bauch
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Binbin Yuan
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xue-Ya Gou
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Ozaki T, Liu SY. Boron-Nitrogen-Containing Benzene Valence Isomers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402544. [PMID: 39056374 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Benzene is one of the most ubiquitous structural motifs in chemistry. The valence isomers of benzene have also attracted synthetic chemists' attention due to their unique structures, bonding, and reactivity. We have been investigating boron-nitrogen-containing benzene valence isomers via photoisomerization of 1,2-azaborines. In this contribution, we summarize recent developments of these highly strained BN-heterocyclic compounds including their synthesis, characterization, proposed mechanism of formation, and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467-3860, USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, 02467-3860, USA
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4
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Ozaki T, Bentley SK, Rybansky N, Li B, Liu SY. A BN-Benzvalene. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:24748-24753. [PMID: 39082667 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis and crystallographic characterization of BN-benzvalene, the first second-row heteroatom-containing benzvalene, is described. BN-benzvalenes are produced via photoexcitation of C5-aryl-substituted 1,2-azaborines under flow conditions. Mechanistic studies support a boron-specific, two-step photoisomerization pathway involving a BN-Dewar benzene intermediate, which is distinct from the photoisomerization pathway proposed in benzene and phospha- and silabenzenes for the formation of their respective benzvalene analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Sierra K Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Nina Rybansky
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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5
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Mu Y, Dai Y, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Xu LP, Tung CH, Kong L. Aromatic 1,4,2,3-Diazadiborole Featuring an Unsymmetrical B=B Entity: A Versatile Synthon for Unusual Boron Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405905. [PMID: 38771269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The replacement of a CC unit with an isoelectronic BN unit in aromatic systems can give rise to molecules and materials with fascinating properties. We report here the synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of a 1,4,2,3-diazadiborole species, 2, featuring an unprecedented 6π-aromatic BN-heterocyclic moiety that is isoelectronic to cyclopentadienide (Cp-). Bearing an unsymmetrical B=B entity, 2 exhibits reactivity toward oxidants, protic reagents, electrophiles, and unsaturated substrates. This reactivity facilitates the synthesis of a variety of novel mono- and bicyclic organoboron derivatives through mechanisms including ring retention, cleavage/recombination, annulation, and expansion. These findings reveal innovative synthetic routes to BN-embedded aromatic compounds via desymmetrization, affording unique building blocks for synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - David A Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li-Ping Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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6
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Su W, Zhu J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Qiu W, Yang K, Yu P, Song Q. Copper-catalysed asymmetric hydroboration of alkenes with 1,2-benzazaborines to access chiral naphthalene isosteres. Nat Chem 2024; 16:1312-1319. [PMID: 38589627 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Bioisosteric replacement has emerged as a clear strategy for drug-structure optimization. Naphthalene is the core element of many chiral pharmaceuticals and drug candidates. However, as a promising isostere of naphthalene, the chiral version of 1,2-benzazaborine has rarely been explored due to the lack of efficient synthetic methods. Here we describe a copper-catalysed enantioselective hydroboration of alkenes with 1,2-benzazaborines. The method provides a general platform for the atom-economic and efficient construction of diverse chiral 1,2-benzazaborine compounds (more than 60 examples) that bear a 2-carbon-stereogenic centre or allene skeleton in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities. Three 1,2-benzazaborine analogues of bioactive chiral naphthalene-containing molecules have been prepared, and a series of transformations around chiral 1,2-benzazaborines have also been developed. Notably, the hydroboration process of this study reveals that the identity of 1,2-benzazaborine plays an essential role in the rate-determining step and catalyst resting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlan Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jide Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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7
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Zacharias H, Begum A, Han J, Bartholome TA, Marder TB, Martin CD. Synthesis of phenanthrylboroles and formal nitrene insertion to access azaborapyrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39072482 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02863e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Extended conjugation has been introduced into boroles but only on the 2,3- or 4,5-positions of the central BC4 core. In this work we synthesize phenanthrylboroles that also have conjugation on the 3,4-positions and demonstrate their insertion reactivity with azides to furnish B,N-analogues of pyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harie Zacharias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Ayesha Begum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Jianhua Han
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tyler A Bartholome
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Caleb D Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
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8
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Walther L, Radacki K, Dewhurst RD, Bertermann R, Finze M, Braunschweig H. All-Inorganic sp-Chain Ligands: Isoelectronic B/N Analogues of E. O. Fischer's Alkynylcarbynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404930. [PMID: 38746995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Borylation of a tungsten-bound N2 ligand and halide abstraction provides access to a cationic complex with an unprecedented linear NNBR ligand. This complex undergoes [3+2] cycloaddition with azides, and an unexpected chain-extension reaction with an iminoborane, leading to a complex with a five-atom B/N chain. These two [NNBR]-containing complexes, inorganic analogues of E. O. Fischer's alkynylcarbynes, are very rare examples of molecules containing all-inorganic chains of sp-hybridized atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Walther
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Liang P, Wei J, Wei Y, Wang X, Liu F, Wang T. Hetero Diels-Alder reactions of isolable N-borylenamines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5964-5967. [PMID: 38767204 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A new strategy for N-borylenamines by reaction of 2-alkynyl benzyl azides with B(C6F5)3 was developed. This novel 1,3-carboboration reaction proceeded via a 5-exo-dig cyclization/formal 1,1-carboboration/B(C6F5)2 shift reaction sequence. Additionally, N-borylenamines can undergo hetero Diels-Alder (HDA) reactions with a variety of dienophiles. Our results are an attractive complement to HDA reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Junhui Wei
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Yongliang Wei
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Tongdao Wang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
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10
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Thilagar P, Nandi RP, Ghosh S. Heteroatom-Promoted Polyhexagonal Saddle-Shaped Molecular Structures and their Supramolecular Coassembly with C 60. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400398. [PMID: 38549365 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Molecules with curved architecture can exhibit unique optoelectronic properties due to the concave-convex π-surface. However, synthesizing negatively curved saddle-shaped aromatic systems has been challenging due to the internal structural strain. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of two polyhexagonal molecular systems, 1 and 2, with saddle shape geometry by judiciously varying the aromatic moiety, avoiding the harsh synthetic methods as that of heptagonal aromatic saddle systems. The unique geometry preferences of B, N, and S furnish suitable curvature to the molecules, featuring saddle shape. The saddle geometry also enables them to interact with fullerene C60 , and the supramolecular interactions of fullerene C60 with 1 and 2 modify their optoelectronic properties. Crystal structure analysis reveals that 1, with a small π-surface, forms a double columnar array of fullerenes in the solid state. In contrast, 2 with a large π-surface produces a supramolecular capsule entrapping two discrete fullerenes. The intermolecular interactions between B, N, S, and the aryl-π surface of the host and C60 guest are the stabilizing factors for creating these supramolecular structures. Comprehensive computational, optical, and Raman spectroscopic studies establish the charge transfer interactions between B-N doped heterocycle host and fullerene C60 guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad Nandi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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11
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Nguyen T, Dutton JL, Chang CY, Zhou W, Piers WE. Direct C-H electrophilic borylation with (C 6F 5) 2B-NTf 2 to generate B-N dibenzo[ a, h]pyrenes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7273-7281. [PMID: 38487875 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00469h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The borylation of aryl substituted pyridines is an effective way of preparing B-N doped conjugated organic frameworks. Trihaloborane Lewis acids are often employed for this protocol, and may require further functionalization to replace the remaining halides on boron. We report a new, fully characterized, electrophilic borylating agent, (C6F5)2B(κ2-NTf2), that smoothly incorporates a -B(C6F5)2 unit into the model substrate 2-phenylpyridine. To demonstrate its utility in preparing more complex B-N doped structures, we use it to prepare seven examples of the 6a,13a-diaza-7,14-dibora-dibenzo[a,h]pyrene framework, with substituents of varying donor properties. The structural, redox, and photophysical properties of this new family of B-N doped polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds were probed experimentally and computationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Chia Yun Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Warren E Piers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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12
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Zhang JK, Fang YC, Chen JH, Shan J, Bai M, Huang Q, Chen YZ, Han WY. Iodomethane in C1 chemistry: application in palladium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] annulation. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3204-3208. [PMID: 38563260 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
An efficient palladium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] annulation of 3-iodochromones, bridged olefins, and iodomethane is described, affording a range of chromone-containing polycyclic compounds. Additionally, the corresponding deuterated products were smoothly obtained with iodomethane-d3 instead of iodomethane. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this method is further substantiated by gram scale preparation and application to late-stage modification of estrone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Chen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| | - Jia-He Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Shan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
| | - Mei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P. R. China
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13
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Rulli F, Sanz-Liarte G, Roca P, Martínez N, Medina V, Puig de la Bellacasa R, Shafir A, Cuenca AB. From propenolysis to enyne metathesis: tools for expedited assembly of 4 a,8 a-azaboranaphthalene and extended polycycles with embedded BN. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5674-5680. [PMID: 38638215 PMCID: PMC11023045 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06676b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of BN-containing molecules, which have an interesting isosteric relationship to their parent all-C cores, has drawn a great deal of attention as an avenue to alter and tune molecular function. Nevertheless, many cores with embedded BN are still hard to synthesize, and thus, further effort is required in this direction. Herein, we present an integrated approach to BN-containing polycycles rooted in an exceptionally clean B-N condensation of amines with a tri-allylborane. Having released propene as the only byproduct, the resulting BN precursors are seamlessly telescoped into BN-containing polycyclic cores via a set of additional methodologies, either developed here ad-hoc or applied for the first time for the synthesis of BN-cycles. As the "sharpening stone" of the process, BN-embedded naphthalene, which has previously only been obtained in low yield, can now be synthesized efficiently through propenolysis, ring-closing metathesis and a new high-yielding aromatization. As a more advanced application, an analogously obtained BN-containing bis-enyne is readily converted to BN-containing non-aromatic tetra-, penta- and hexacyclic structures via ring-closing enyne metathesis, followed by the Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The resulting air-sensitive structures are easily handled by preventive hydration (quaternization) of their B-N bridge; reverting this hydration restores the original Bsp2-Nsp2 structure. In the future, these structures may pave the way to BN-anthracenes and other π-extended BN-arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rulli
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Dept. of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Guillem Sanz-Liarte
- BISi-Bonds Group, Dept. Química Biológica. Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC C/Jordi Girona 20 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Pol Roca
- BISi-Bonds Group, Dept. Química Biológica. Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC C/Jordi Girona 20 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Nina Martínez
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Dept. of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Víctor Medina
- BISi-Bonds Group, Dept. Química Biológica. Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC C/Jordi Girona 20 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Raimon Puig de la Bellacasa
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Dept. of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Alexandr Shafir
- BISi-Bonds Group, Dept. Química Biológica. Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC C/Jordi Girona 20 08034 Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Barcelona Spain
| | - Ana B Cuenca
- BISi-Bonds/CRISOL Group, Dept. of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA) Barcelona Spain
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14
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Choi S, Dong G. Rapid and Modular Access to Multifunctionalized 1,2-Azaborines via Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9512-9518. [PMID: 38551167 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
1,2-Azaborines, a unique class of BN-isosteres of benzene, have attracted great interest across several fields. While significant advancements have been made in the postfunctionalization of 1,2-azaborines, challenges still exist for the selective functionalization of the C4 position and access to 1,2-azaborines with five or six independently installed substituents. Here we report a rapid and modular method for C3 and C4 difunctionalization of 1,2-azaborines using the palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis. Enabled by the C2 amide-substituted NBE, diverse 3-iodo-1,2-azaborines can be used as substrates, showing broad functional group tolerance. Besides ortho arylation, preliminary success of ortho alkylation has also been realized. In addition, a range of alkenes and nucleophiles can be employed for ipso C3 functionalization. The reaction is scalable, and various postfunctionalizations, including forming hexa-substituted 1,2-azaborines, have been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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15
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Fowler PW, Anstöter CS. Tuning (Anti)Aromaticity: Variations on the [8]-Circulene Framework. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300791. [PMID: 38279875 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Optoelectronic properties of organic molecules are underpinned by delocalisation and delocalisability of π-electrons. These properties are sensitive to small changes in electron count, whether achieved by heteroatom substitution or redox chemistry. One measure of the delocalisability of π-electrons is the current induced by an external magnetic field, which is diagnostic of (anti)aromaticity. The ab initio ipsocentric method is used here to model diverse ring-current patterns in the family of [8]-circulenes based on tetracyclopenta[def,jkl,pqr,vwx]tetraphenylene (TCPTP), in different charge states, with disjoint hetero-atom substitution, and with CC units systematically replaced by BN pairs. Maps calculated at the CHF/CTOCD-DZ2/6-31G** level reveal that these modifications of the TCPTP framework access the full range of possibilities for current from concentric global circulations (typically counter rotating) to full (non-aromatic) localisation. In the ipsocentric approach, induced current density is partitioned into robust orbital contributions that obey selection rules based on orbital symmetry, energy and nodal character. The selection rules are applied here to interpret current-density and exploit insights gained from simpler models to suggest design strategies for fine-tuning of π-delocalisability (aromaticity and antiaromaticity) in macrocyclic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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16
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Nandi RP, Chandra B, Ghosh S, Sarma SP, Geremia S, Hickey N, Thilagar P. Pyrrole βC-B-N Fused Porphyrins: Molecular Structures and Opto-Electrochemical Studies. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304219. [PMID: 38155424 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design, synthesis, structure, and electrochemical study of doubly βC-B-N fused Ni(II) porphyrins (1-trans, 1-cis, 2-trans, and 2-cis). These compounds have been synthesized from A2B2 type dipyridyl Ni(II) porphyrins (Ar=Ph for 1 a; Ar=C6F5 for 2 a) via Lewis base-directed electrophilic aromatic borylation reactions. The solution state structures of these compounds have been established using 1H NMR, 11B NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C HSQC, and 19F-13C HSQC NMR techniques. Single crystal X-ray analysis have revealed that 1-trans, 1-cis, and 2-trans adopt ruffled conformations, with alternate meso-carbons on the opposite sides of the mean porphyrin plane. The Soret bands in the absorption spectra of the B-N fused molecules are ~40 nm redshifted compared to unfused Ni(II) porphyrin precursors. The B-N fusion have diminished the redox potential of fused porphyrins. Although 1-trans and 1-cis, show four oxidation processes, 2-trans and 2-cis show only three oxidation processes. DFT studies have revealed that the tetrahedral geometry of the boron has induced a twist in the π-conjugation, which destabilizes the HOMO and stabilizes the LUMO in 1-trans, 1-cis, 2-trans, and 2-cis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Nandi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Brijesh Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Siddhartha P Sarma
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, ITALY
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, ITALY
| | - Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
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17
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Zeng JC, Zhao K, Zhang PF, Zhuang FD, Ding L, Yao ZF, Wang JY, Pei J. Assessing the Role of BN-Embedding Position in B 2N 2-Perylenes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304372. [PMID: 38191767 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Incorporating heteroatoms can effectively modulate the molecular optoelectronic properties. However, the fundamental understanding of BN doping effects in BN-embedded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is underexplored, lacking rational guidelines to modulate the electronic structures through BN units for advanced materials. Herein, a concise synthesis of novel B2N2-perylenes with BN doped at the bay area is achieved to systematically explore the doping effect of BN position on the photophysical properties of PAHs. The shift of BN position in B2N2-perylenes alters the π electron conjugation, aromaticity and molecular rigidness significantly, achieving substantially higher electron transition abilities than those with BN doped in the nodal plane. It is further clarified that BN position dominates the photophysical properties over BN orientation. The revealed guideline here may apply generally to novel BN-PAHs, and aid the advancement of BN-PAHs with highly-emissive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Cai Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kexiang Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fang-Dong Zhuang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center of Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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18
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Grams RJ, Santos WL, Scorei IR, Abad-García A, Rosenblum CA, Bita A, Cerecetto H, Viñas C, Soriano-Ursúa MA. The Rise of Boron-Containing Compounds: Advancements in Synthesis, Medicinal Chemistry, and Emerging Pharmacology. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2441-2511. [PMID: 38382032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC) have emerged as important pharmacophores. To date, five BCC drugs (including boronic acids and boroles) have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of cancer, infections, and atopic dermatitis, while some natural BCC are included in dietary supplements. Boron's Lewis acidity facilitates a mechanism of action via formation of reversible covalent bonds within the active site of target proteins. Boron has also been employed in the development of fluorophores, such as BODIPY for imaging, and in carboranes that are potential neutron capture therapy agents as well as novel agents in diagnostics and therapy. The utility of natural and synthetic BCC has become multifaceted, and the breadth of their applications continues to expand. This review covers the many uses and targets of boron in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Justin Grams
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Antonio Abad-García
- Academia de Fisiología y Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carol Ann Rosenblum
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Andrei Bita
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa
- Academia de Fisiología y Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
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19
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Liu Y, Zhou S, Liu Z. Synthesis, structure, photophysical property, stability of tetraphenylethylene-based boranil, and applications in cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123730. [PMID: 38061107 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
A new family of tetraphenylethylene-based N,O-chelated boranil complexes (TPE-BAs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were developed. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicated that the terminal substituents on the aniline moiety significantly affected the intermolecular stacking mode, thereby influencing the photophysical properties. The stabilities of these compounds are closely related to the substituents on the aniline moiety. Electron-donor-substituted TPE-BA-OMe exhibited the best stability, whereas the electron-acceptor-substituted compounds exhibited poor stability. Benefitting from its AIE properties and suitable lipophilicity, TPE-BA-OMe served as an excellent fluorescent probe for the specific bioimaging of lipid droplets in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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20
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Zhang X, Su W, Guo H, Fang P, Yang K, Song Q. N-Heterocycle-Editing to Access Fused-BN-Heterocycles via Ring-Opening/C-H Borylation/Reductive C-B Bond Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318613. [PMID: 38196396 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal editing of N-heterocycles has recently received considerable attention, and the introduction of boron atom into heterocycles often results in positive property changes. However, direct enlargement of N-heterocycles through boron atom insertion is rarely reported in the literature. Here, we report a N-heterocyclic editing reaction through the combination boron atom insertion and C-H borylation, accessing the fused-BN-heterocycles. The synthetic potential of this chemistry was demonstrated by substrate scope and late-stage diversification of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Wanlan Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Huosheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Pengyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
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21
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Sturm F, Bühler M, Stapper C, Schneider JS, Helten H, Fischer I, Röhr MIS. Impact of isoelectronic substitution on the excited state processes in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a joint experimental and theoretical study of 4 a,8 a-azaboranaphthalene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7363-7370. [PMID: 38375909 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05508f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Substituting CC with the isoelectronic BN units is a promising approach to modify the optoelectronic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. While computational studies have already addressed trends in the electronic structure of the various isosteres, experimental data are still scarce. Here, the excited state spectroscopy and dynamics of 4a,8a-azaboranaphthalene were studied by picosecond time-resolved photoionization in a supersonic jet and analyzed with the aid of XMS-CASPT2 and time-dependent DFT calculations. A resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization spectrum (REMPI) reveals the S1 origin at = 33 830 ± 12 cm-1. Several vibrational bands were resolved and assigned by comparison with the computations. A [1+1] photoelectron spectrum via the S1 origin yielded an adiabatic ionization energy of 8.27 eV. Selected vibrational bands were subsequently investigated by pump-probe photoionization. While the origin as well as several low-lying vibronic states exhibit lifetimes in the ns-range, a monoexponential decay is observed at higher excitation energies, ranging from 400 ps at +1710 cm-1 to 13 ps at +3360 cm-1. The deactivation is attributed to an internal conversion of the optically excited S1 state via a barrier that gives access to a conical intersection (CI) to the S0 state. The doping significantly changes the energetic ordering of CIs and lowers the corresponding energy barrier for the associated deactivation pathway, as revealed by nudged elastic band (NEB) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Sturm
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Bühler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Christoph Stapper
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Johannes S Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Merle I S Röhr
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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22
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Ngoc HV, Ha CV. C, Ge-doped h-BN quantum dot for nano-optoelectronic applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:195701. [PMID: 38316058 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Emerging materials, particularly nanomaterials, constitute an enduring focal point of scientific inquiry, with quantum dots being of particular interest. This investigation is centered on elucidating the exceptional structural, electromagnetic, and optical characteristics of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) quantum dots and h-BN quantum dots doped with carbon (C) and germanium (Ge). The employed methodology in this study hinges on density functional theory coupled with the Vienna Ab initio simulation package. The outcomes of this research unveil the structural stability of hexagonal honeycomb structures upon optimization. Comprehensive examinations encompassing structural properties, electromagnetic characteristics, and charge density variations have been systematically conducted. Furthermore, this work delves into the elucidation of multi-orbital hybridizations that give rise toσbonds andπbonds. Notably, the outcomes of the optical property analysis divulge intriguing observations. Specifically, the absorption coefficient exhibits zero values within select energy ranges within the visible light spectrum, a phenomenon observed in both pristine and C-doped configurations. This discovery underscores the material's optical transparency at these specific radiation energies. Additionally, the 0xand 0ycomponents of the dielectric function display negative values across particular energy ranges, a characteristic that holds significant promise for potential applications in nanotechnology communications, offering minimal energy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Van Ngoc
- Center for Forecasting Study, Institute of Southeast Vietnamese Studies, Thu Dau Mot University, Thu Dau Mot, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
| | - Chu Viet Ha
- Thai Nguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen City, Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam
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23
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Müller M, Neitz H, Höbartner C, Helten H. BN-Phenanthrene- and BN-Pyrene-Based Fluorescent Uridine Analogues. Org Lett 2024; 26:1051-1055. [PMID: 38285916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Two unprecedented fluorescent nucleosides that feature BN-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are presented. One of them, having a BN-modified phenanthrene moiety incorporated, shows blue fluorescence but suffers from poor stability under aqueous conditions. The other nucleoside comprises an internally BN-doped pyrene as the chromophore. It shows green fluorescence in various solvents and is stable under aqueous and alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Müller
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Neitz
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Höbartner
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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24
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Lyu H, Tugwell TH, Chen Z, Kukier GA, Turlik A, Wu Y, Houk KN, Liu P, Dong G. Modular synthesis of 1,2-azaborines via ring-opening BN-isostere benzannulation. Nat Chem 2024; 16:269-276. [PMID: 37783725 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
1,2-Azaborines represent a unique class of benzene isosteres that have attracted interest for developing pharmaceuticals with better potency and bioavailability. However, it remains a long-standing challenge to prepare monocyclic 1,2-azaborines, particularly multi-substituted ones, in an efficient and modular manner. Here we report a straightforward method to directly access diverse multi-substituted 1,2-azaborines from readily available cyclopropyl imines/ketones and dibromoboranes under relatively mild conditions. The reaction is scalable, shows a broad substrate scope, and tolerates a range of functional groups. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the concise syntheses of BN isosteres of a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and pyrethroid insecticide, bifenthrin. Combined experimental and computational mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction pathway involves boron-mediated cyclopropane ring-opening and base-mediated elimination, followed by an unusual low-barrier 6π-electrocyclization accelerated by the BN/CC isomerism. This method is anticipated to find applications for the synthesis of BN-isostere analogues in medicinal chemistry, and the mechanistic insights gained here may guide developing other boron-mediated electrocyclizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas H Tugwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Garrett A Kukier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aneta Turlik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yifei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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25
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Lin H, Yang X, Liu SY, Jäkle F. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of the Dewar Isomer of 1,2-Azaborinine, a B-N Isostere of Benzene. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:21-27. [PMID: 38095183 PMCID: PMC10842419 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The successful polymerization of the Dewar isomer of an azaborinine heterocycle is reported. Controlled ring-opening metathesis polymerization was accomplished with Grubbs and Hoveya-Grubbs second generation catalysts (G2, HG2), as well as a Z-selective Ru catalyst (HGM2001). The structure of the polymers containing 4-membered B-N heterocycles was verified by GPC and multinuclear and 2D NMR. Differences in stereochemistry of polymers derived from G2/HG2 versus the Z-selective catalyst HGM2001 were substantiated by 2D NOESY, FT-IR, and Raman analyses. The incorporation of B-N heterocycles into these polymer structures is promising as a route to functional polymers that contain polar side groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University - Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02135, United States
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02135, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University - Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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26
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Harada M, Fujioka S, Ansai S, Wang C, Kamino S, Hirano K, Uchiyama M. BN-Embedded Aromatic Hydrocarbon Synthesis via Nucleophilic Diboration Reactions. Org Lett 2024; 26:247-251. [PMID: 38112185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Activation of bis(pinacolato)diboron with aromatic lithium amide promotes diboration of the proximal C-C triple bond, leading to BN-embedded aromatic compounds. In situ treatment of the initially generated spirocyclic borate intermediate with aqueous acid or organometallic reagents enables ligand installation on the endocyclic boron atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Shota Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shoma Ansai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ka-kuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chao Wang
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medicinal, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ka-kuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kamino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 920-1192, Japan
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27
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Appiarius Y, Míguez-Lago S, Puylaert P, Wolf N, Kumar S, Molkenthin M, Miguel D, Neudecker T, Juríček M, Campaña AG, Staubitz A. Boosting quantum yields and circularly polarized luminescence of penta- and hexahelicenes by doping with two BN-groups. Chem Sci 2024; 15:466-476. [PMID: 38179512 PMCID: PMC10762774 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02685j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of boron-nitrogen (BN) units into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as an isoelectronic replacement of two carbon atoms can significantly improve their optical properties, while the geometries are mostly retained. We report the first non-π-extended penta- and hexahelicenes comprising two aromatic 1,2-azaborinine rings. Comparing them with their all-carbon analogs regarding structural, spectral and (chir)optical properties allowed us to quantify the impact of the heteroatoms. In particular, BN-hexahelicene BN[6] exhibited a crystal structure congruent with its analog CC[6], but displayed a fivefold higher fluorescence quantum yield (φfl = 0.17) and an outstanding luminescence dissymmetry factor (|glum| = 1.33 × 10-2). Such an unusual magnification of both properties at the same time makes BN-helicenes suitable candidates as circularly polarized luminescence emitters for applications in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Appiarius
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Sandra Míguez-Lago
- University of Granada, Department of Organic Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Pim Puylaert
- University of Bremen, Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Crystallography 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Noah Wolf
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Sourabh Kumar
- University of Bremen, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Martin Molkenthin
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Delia Miguel
- University of Granada, Department of Physical Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Tim Neudecker
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Michal Juríček
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Araceli G Campaña
- University of Granada, Department of Organic Chemistry, Unidad de Excelencia de Química 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Anne Staubitz
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes 28359 Bremen Germany
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28
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Rizzo C, Pace A, Pibiri I, Buscemi S, Palumbo Piccionello A. From Conventional to Sustainable Catalytic Approaches for Heterocycles Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202301604. [PMID: 38140917 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is fundamental for all the research area in chemistry, from drug synthesis to material science. In this framework, catalysed synthetic methods are of great interest to effective reach such important building blocks. In this review, we will report on some selected examples from the last five years, of the major improvement in the field, focusing on the most important conventional catalytic systems, such as transition metals, organocatalysts, to more sustainable ones such as photocatalysts, iodine-catalysed reaction, electrochemical reactions and green innovative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Italy, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo
| | - Andrea Pace
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Italy, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo
| | - Ivana Pibiri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Italy, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Italy, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Italy, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo
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29
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Kothavale S, Iqbal SA, Hanover EL, Gupta AK, Zysman-Colman E, Ingleson MJ. Borylation-Reduction-Borylation for the Formation of 1,4-Azaborines. Org Lett 2023; 25:8912-8916. [PMID: 38055858 PMCID: PMC10729022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Given the current interest in materials containing 1,4-azaborine units, the development of new routes to these structures is important. Carbonyl directed electrophilic borylation using BBr3 is a facile method for the ortho-borylation of N,N-diaryl-amide derivatives. Subsequent addition of Et3SiH results in carbonyl reduction and then formation of 1,4-azaborines that can be protected in situ using a Grignard reagent. Overall, borylation-reduction-borylation is a one-pot methodology to access 1,4-azaborines from simple precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantaram
S. Kothavale
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Saqib A. Iqbal
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Emily L. Hanover
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre and EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek K. Gupta
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre and EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic
Semiconductor Centre and EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Ingleson
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
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30
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Hu Z, Xie J, Yu J, Zhang Y, Cai H, Bai Y, Zhang K, Liu C, Huang F, Cao Y. B─N Covalent Bond-Based Nonfullerene Electron Acceptors for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300381. [PMID: 37798917 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFEAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) are greatly influenced by the rational structure regulation of the central core unit. This study introduces a novel type of six-membered fused electron-donating core containing B─N covalent bonds to construct acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A)-type NFEAs. By modulating the branching alkyl chains on the nitrogen atom, two NFEAs, BN910 and BN1014, are synthesized and characterized. Both molecules exhibit strong near-infrared absorption, narrow bandgaps (≈1.45 eV), appropriate energy levels, and tunable molecular packing behaviors, positioning them as promising candidates for efficient NFEAs in OSCs. The investigation reveals that BN1014, with longer and C2-branched alkyl chains, demonstrates superior intermolecular packing and morphology within active layers, leading to enhanced exciton dissociation, improved charge transfer, and reduced charge recombination in OSCs. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.02% is achieved for D18:BN1014-based binary OSCs. Notably, BN1014 can be utilized as the third component in the D18:DT-Y6 binary system to fabricate the ternary OSCs, and a PCE of 17.65% is achieved, outperforming 17.05% of D18:DT-Y6-based binary OSCs. These findings highlight the potential of heteroarenes featuring B─N covalent bonds for constructing high-efficiency NFEAs in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Juxuan Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiangkai Yu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Houji Cai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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31
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Liu TT, Cui YS. One-Pot Access to Boron-Doped Fused Heterocycles via Domino Cyclization of Bis-Diazidoboranes with Isonitrile. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302683. [PMID: 37753737 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Boron-doped fused heterocycles have shown great potential in the field of functional materials. This study reports on the synthesis of a new class of bis-diazidoboranes and the discovery of their cycloaddition reaction with isonitriles. Triply fused boron-doped heterocyclic compounds were constructed in a one-pot process through a domino cycloaddition, providing an effective route for constructing complex boron-doped heterocyclic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Tong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yun-Shu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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32
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Sun W, Yang Y, Tian X, Yuan L, Wang Y, Dou C. A Combination of B- and N-Doped π-Systems Enabling Systematic Tuning of Electronic Structures and Properties. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302459. [PMID: 37641524 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Doping heteroatoms into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may alter their structures and thereby physical properties. This study reports the construction of B/N-codoped PAHs via combining the B- and N-doped π-systems. Two π-extended B/N-codoped PAHs were synthesized through the Mallory photoreaction. Both feature a C48 BN2 π-skeleton, which is assembled by linearly fusing three substructures including B-doped and sp2 -hybridized N-doped π-moieties and one pyrene unit. In comparison to the pristine B-doped analog, their intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) states are distinctly modulated by the fused N-doped π-system and the further incorporated cyano group, leading to their tunable optical properties, as revealed by detailed theoretical and experimental analysis. Furthermore, these three molecules have sufficient Lewis acidity and can coordinate with Lewis base to form Lewis acid-base adducts, and notably, such intermolecular complexation can further dynamically modulate their ICT transitions and thereby photophysical properties, such as producing blue, green and red fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liuzhong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chuandong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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33
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Xu J, Qiu W, Zhang X, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Yang K, Song Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Atroposelective Kinetic C-H Olefination and Allylation for the Synthesis of C-B Axial Chirality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313388. [PMID: 37840007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The direct C-H functionalization of 1,2-benzazaborines, especially asymmetric version, remains a great challenge. Here we report a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective C-H olefination and allylation reactions of 1,2-benzazaborines. This asymmetric approach is a kinetic resolution (KR), providing various C-B axially chiral 2-aryl-1,2-benzazaborines and 3-substituted 2-aryl-1,2-benzazaborines in generally high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (selectivity (S) factor up to 354). The synthetic potential of this reaction is showcased by late-stage modification of complex molecules, scale-up reaction, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Zhihan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
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34
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Zeh V, Schneider JS, Bachmann J, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Helten H. Poly(ferrocenylene iminoborane): an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer comprising a backbone of moderately interacting ferrocenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13723-13726. [PMID: 37909177 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The first poly(ferrocenylene iminoborane), that is, a polyferrocene-based metallopolymer featuring CC-isoelectronic/-isosteric BN linking units, and a series of monodisperse ferrocenylene iminoborane oligomers are presented. Our studies provide important insight into the structural and electronic nature of this novel class of hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Zeh
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Johannes S Schneider
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Jonas Bachmann
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Holger Helten
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
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35
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Abstract
General protocols for the N-functionalization of 1,2-azaborines with C(sp3), C(sp2), or C(sp) electrophiles are described. The syntheses of a new parental BN isostere of trans-stilbene and a BN isostere of a lisdexamfetamine derivative were accomplished with the developed methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyelee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA
- Accent Therapeutics, Inc., 1050 Waltham Street, Suite 201, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | - Marisol Alvarado
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA
| | - Sarah Ingram
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3860, USA
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36
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Fang X. Copper-catalyzed nitration of electron-deficient BN-naphthalene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12581-12584. [PMID: 37789819 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04359b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Under Cu-catalysis, a regioselective nitration of 1,8-dihalogenated BN-naphthalene (ABN) compounds (4a-4c) has been established with the use of tert-butyl nitrite as the nitrating reagent. The syntheses of dihalo-ABN nitro products (6a-6c; halo = Cl, Br and I) were case-studied in conjunction with the first synthesis and characterization of diiodo-ABN compound 4c. The molecular structures of these compounds have been spectroscopically characterized and further confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction experiments. This method allows direct regioselective nitration of electron-deficient ABN systems, providing a step-economical entry to novel nitro-ABN structural motifs with potential applications in agrochemicals, materials sciences, and the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Fang
- College of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Kumar M, Talakkal AK, Mohapatra RK, Ansari A. Photophysical properties of four-membered BN 3 heterocyclic compounds: theoretical insights. J Mol Model 2023; 29:336. [PMID: 37828393 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Understanding the photochemistry of boron nitrogen (BN)-containing compounds is an important aspect to enhance the various optical and electronic applications. In this work, we have explored the structure, bonding, reactivity, electronic absorption (UV-Vis), and light harvesting efficiency (LHE) of a series of BN3 ring and open-chain systems. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis found that ring systems have a low HOMO-LUMO energy gap as compared to the open-chain systems which insinuates the feasibility of ring systems in the optoelectronic materials. Also, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps have been computed to pursue the electrophilic and nucleophilic sites available at the surface of the compound. Interestingly, we have found that the open-chain compounds show more molecular charge distribution range rather than the ring compounds. The investigation of photophysical properties showed that the UV-Vis absorption significantly red-shifted in BN3 ring systems as compared to open-chain counterparts. Furthermore, light harvesting efficiency (LHE) was also found higher in the ring systems as compared to the BN3 open-chain systems. Moreover, the computed structural parameters are found well corroborated with the available X-ray data. METHODS Structures of all compounds were optimized by using density functional theory (DFT) method, with M06-2X/6-31G(d,p) level. All the calculations in this work are carried out in Gaussian 16 program package. GaussView6.1 software was used for the modeling of initial geometries and for the plotting of MEP plots. To account the solvent effect on geometries the polarized continuum model (PCM) was used and tetrahydrofuran (THF) taken as solvent. The NBO6.0 program (incorporated in G16 software) was used for the exploration of bonding nature and stabilization energies of B-N bond. The absorption spectra were simulated by using ORCA 4.2 program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India
| | | | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, 758002, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
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38
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Chorbacher J, Maier M, Klopf J, Fest M, Helten H. Poly(thiophene iminoborane): A Poly(thiophene vinylene) (PTV) Analogue with a Fully BN-Doped Backbone. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300278. [PMID: 37265120 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented poly(thiophene iminoborane)-a boron-nitrogen analogue of the well-established conjugated organic polymer poly(thiophene vinylene)-is presented. The polymer synthesis is achieved by selective Si/B exchange polycondensation of a 2,5-diborylthiophene with a 2,5-diaminothiophene derivative. For the latter, a facile synthetic strategy is devised, which makes this versatile, strongly electron-releasing building block easily accessible. The novel polymer and a series of monodisperse thiophene iminoborane oligomers reveal systematic bathochromic shifts in their absorption with increasing chain length, and thus extended π-conjugation over the BN units along the backbone, which is further supported by TD-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Chorbacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Klopf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Maier M, Chorbacher J, Hellinger A, Klopf J, Günther J, Helten H. Poly(arylene iminoborane)s, Analogues of Poly(arylene vinylene) with a BN-Doped Backbone: A Comprehensive Study. Chemistry 2023:e202302767. [PMID: 37724629 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great success of the concept of doping organic compounds with BN units to access new materials with tailored properties, its use in polymer chemistry has only been realized quite recently. Herein, we present a comprehensive study of oligo- and poly(arylene iminoborane)s comprising a backbone of phenylene or thiophene moieties, as well as combinations thereof, linked via B=N units. The novel polymers can be regarded as BN analogues of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) or poly(thiophene vinylene) (PTV) or their copolymers. Our modular synthetic approach allowed us to prepare four polymers and 12 monodisperse oligomers with modulated electronic properties. Alternating electron-releasing diaminoarylene and electron-accepting diborylarylene building blocks gave rise to a pronounced donor-acceptor character. Effective π-conjugation over the arylene iminoborane backbone is evidenced by systematic bathochromic shifts of the low-energy UV-vis absorption maximum with increasing chain length, which is furthermore supported by crystallographic and computational investigations. Furthermore, all compounds investigated show emission of visible light in the solid state and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior, due to the presence of partially flexible linear B=N linkages in the backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Chorbacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Hellinger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Klopf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Günther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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40
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Ru C, Wang Y, Chen P, Zhang Y, Wu X, Gong C, Zhao H, Wu J, Pan X. Replacing CC Unit with B←N Unit in Isoelectronic Conjugated Polymers for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302384. [PMID: 37116108 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Three linear isoelectronic conjugated polymers PCC, PBC, and PBN are synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura polycondensation for photocatalytic hydrogen (H2 ) production from water. PBN presented an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 223.5 µmol h-1 (AQY420 = 23.3%) under visible light irradiation, which is 7 times that of PBC and 31 times that of PCC. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of PBN is due to the improved charge separation and transport of photo-induced electrons/holes originating from the lower exciton binding energy (Eb ), longer fluorescence lifetime, and stronger built-in electric field, caused by the introduction of the polar B←N unit into the polymer backbone. Moreover, the extension of the visible light absorption region and the enhancement of surface catalytic ability further increase the activity of PBN. This work reveals the potential of B←N fused structures as building blocks as well as proposes a rational design strategy for achieving high photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Ru
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Peiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chenliang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhao
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Jincai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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Naheed S, Din IU, Qamar MU, Rasool N, Ahmad M, Bilal M, Khalid A, Ahmad G, Al-Hussain SA, Zaki MEA. Synthesis, Anti-Bacterial and Molecular Docking Studies of Arylated Butyl 2-Bromoisonicotinate Against Clinical Isolates of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli ST405 and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:5295-5308. [PMID: 37601564 PMCID: PMC10438430 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s407891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Global public health concerns include the emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli). These pathogens cause infections that are difficult to treat, which can have fatal outcomes and require lengthy hospital stays. As a result, we created butyl 2-bromoisonicotinate and tested its antibacterial effectiveness against the ESBL-E. coli ST 405 and MRSA pathogens. Natural product discovery is complemented by synthetic compound synthesis because of the latter's potential for superior characteristics, target specificity, scalability, intellectual advantages, and chemical diversity. Because of this, the potential for discovering new medicinal compounds is increased, and the constraints placed on natural sources are overcome. Natural items are tough to obtain since they are hard to isolate and synthesize. Therefore, modern science is actively searching for small molecules as therapeutic agents by applying sustainable techniques that can be commercialized. Methods Two patients' blood samples were taken, and the BACTEC/Alert system was used to process them. On blood and MacConkey agar, the positive samples were subcultured and incubated aerobically at 37 °C. Using the VITEK 2 compact system, the isolates were subjected to isolate identification and MIC. MLST of the ESBL-E. coli was performed by PCR. Additionally, Fischer esterification was used to create butyl 2-bromoisonicotinate in excellent yields. A commercially available palladium catalyst was then used to arylate the compound, resulting in medium to good yields of arylated butyl 2-bromoisonicotinates. Using the agar well diffusion assay and the micro-broth dilution method, we assessed the in-vitro activities of the synthesized molecules (3, 5a-h) against clinically isolated ESBL-E. coli ST405, and MRSA. A molecular operating environment was used to carry out in silico validation of the synthesized compounds' binding to the active site and to evaluate the stability of their molecular interactions with the target E. coli 2Y2T protein. Results MRSA and ESBL-producing E. coli were identified as the two clinical isolates. While MRSA was also resistant to beta-lactam drugs and least resistant to vancomycin, ESBL-producing E. coli belonged to ST405 and was resistant to cephalosporins and sensitive to carbapenems. Good yields of the desired compounds were produced by our effective and economical synthesis. By using a micro-broth dilution assay, the Molecules (3, 5a, and 5d) were most effective against both resistant strains. The Molecules (3, 5a, 5b, and 5d) also displayed good binding energies. Conclusion The butyl 2-bromoisonicotinate displayed antibacterial efficacy against ESBL-producing E. coli ST405 and MRSA strains. After the in-vivo trial, this substance might offer an alternative therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irum Umar Din
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Qamar
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Khalid
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Science (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Gulraiz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyad, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyad, 11623, Saudi Arabia
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Yang K, Mao Y, Zhang Z, Xu J, Wang H, He Y, Yu P, Song Q. Construction of C-B axial chirality via dynamic kinetic asymmetric cross-coupling mediated by tetracoordinate boron. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4438. [PMID: 37488114 PMCID: PMC10366327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalytic dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DyKAT) provides a powerful tool to access chiral stereoisomers from racemic substrates. Such transformation has been widely employed on the construction of central chirality, however, the application in axial chirality remains underexplored because its equilibrium of substrate enantiomers is limited to five-membered metalacyclic intermediate. Here we report a tetracoordinate boron-directed dynamic kinetic asymmetric cross-coupling of racemic, configurationally stable 3-bromo-2,1-azaborines with boronic acid derivatives. A series of challenging C-B axially chiral compounds were prepared with generally good to excellent enantioselectivities. Moreover, this transformation can also be extended to prepare atropisomers bearing adjacent C-B and C-C diaxes with excellent diastereo- and enantio-control. The key to the success relies on the rational design of a reversible tetracoordinate boron intermediate, which is supported by theoretical calculations that dramatically reduces the rotational barrier of the original C-B axis and achieves the goal of DyKAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yanfei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Zhihan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Qiuling Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery, Fujian Province University, College of Chemistry at Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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Wang J, Zheng A, Xiang Y, Liu J. BN-Embedded Cycloarenes: One-Pot Borylation Synthesis, Photoelectric Properties, and Application in Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37338220 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating heteroatoms, such as nitrogen, oxygen, and/or sulfur atoms, into cycloarenes can effectively regulate their molecular geometries and (opto)electronic properties. However, the rarity of cycloarenes and heterocycloarenes limits the further exploitation of their applications. Herein, we designed and synthesized the first examples of boron and nitrogen (BN)-doped cycloarenes (BN-C1 and BN-C2) via one-pot intramolecular electrophilic borylation of imine-based macrocycles. BN-C2 adopts a bowl-shaped conformation, while BN-C1 possesses a planar geometry. Accordingly, the solubility of BN-C2 was significantly improved by replacing two hexagons in BN-C1 with two N-pentagons, due to the creation of distortions away from planarity. Various experiments and theoretical calculations were carried out for heterocycloarenes BN-C1 and BN-C2, demonstrating that the incorporated BN bonds diminish the aromaticity of 1,2-azaborine units and their adjacent benzenoid rings but preserve the dominant aromatic properties of pristine kekulene. Importantly, when two additional electron-rich nitrogen atoms were introduced, the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of BN-C2 was elaborately lifted compared with that of BN-C1. As a result, the energy-level alignment of BN-C2 with the work function of the anode and the perovskite layer was suitable. Therefore, for the first time, heterocycloarene (BN-C2) was explored as a hole-transporting layer in inverted perovskite solar cell devices, in which the power conversion efficiency reached 14.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aibin Zheng
- BYD Company Limited, No. 3009, BYD Road, Pingshan New District, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Yuren Xiang
- BYD Company Limited, No. 3009, BYD Road, Pingshan New District, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Schneider JS, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Helten H. Linear and macrocyclic oligo( p-phenylene iminoboranes) with ferrocenyl side groups - observation of selective, non-templated macrocyclization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37326423 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of linear oligo(p-phenylene iminoboranes), which are BN-modified congeners of oligo(p-phenylene vinylenes), featuring pendent ferrocene groups have been prepared. Stoichiometric reaction of a bis-silylamine with a bisborane led to selective formation of an unprecedented macrocycle, without the use of a template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes S Schneider
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
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Robichaud HM, Ishibashi JSA, Ozaki T, Lamine W, Miqueu K, Liu SY. The aromatic Claisen rearrangement of a 1,2-azaborine. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:3778-3783. [PMID: 37092259 PMCID: PMC10175209 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02186b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The first aromatic Claisen rearrangement of a 1,2-azaborine is described along with a quantitative kinetic comparison of the reaction of the azaborine with its direct all-carbon analogue. The azaborine A rearranged in a clean, regioselective fashion and reacted faster than the all-carbon substrate B at all temperatures from 140-180 °C. Activation free energies were extracted from observed first-order rate constants (A: ΔG‡298K = 32.7 kcal mol-1; B: ΔG‡298K = 34.8 kcal mol-1) corresponding to a twenty fold faster rate for A at observed reaction temperatures. DFT calculations show that the rearrangement proceeds via a concerted six-membered transition state and that the electronic structure of the BN and CC rings is mostly responsible for the observed regioselectivity and relative reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Robichaud
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, USA.
| | - Jacob S A Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, USA.
| | - Tomoya Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, USA.
| | - Walid Lamine
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau cedex 09, France.
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau cedex 09, France.
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, USA.
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA/CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 avenue P. Angot, 64053 Pau cedex 09, France.
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Chen B, He K, Dai W, Gutsev GL, Lu C. Geometric and electronic diversity of metal doped boron clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:183002. [PMID: 36827740 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbf18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Being intermediate between small compounds and bulk materials, nanoparticles possess unique properties different from those of atoms, molecules, and bulk matter. In the past two decades, a combination of cluster structure prediction algorithms and experimental spectroscopy techniques was successfully used for exploration of the ground-state structures of pure and metal-doped boron clusters. The fruitfulness of this dual approach is well illustrated by the discovery of intriguing microstructures and unique physicochemical properties such as aromaticity and bond fluxionality for both boron and metal-doped boron clusters. Our review starts with an overview of geometrical configurations of pure boron clusters Bn, which are presented by planar, nanotube, bilayer, fullerene-like and core-shell structures, in a wide range ofnvalues. We consider next recent advances in studies of boron clusters doped with metal atoms paying close and thoughtful attention to modifications of geometric and electronic structures of pure boron clusters by heteroatoms. Finally, we discuss the possibility of constructing boron-based nanomaterials with specific functions from metal-boron clusters. Despite a variety of fruitful results obtained in numerous studies of boron clusters, the exploration of boron-based chemistry has not yet reached its peak. The intensive research continues in this area, and it should be expected that it brings exciting discoveries of intriguing new structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua He
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gennady L Gutsev
- Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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Lindl F, Lamprecht A, Arrowsmith M, Khitro E, Rempel A, Dietz M, Wellnitz T, Bélanger-Chabot G, Stoy A, Paprocki V, Prieschl D, Lenczyk C, Ramler J, Lichtenberg C, Braunschweig H. Aromatic 1,2-Azaborinin-1-yls as Electron-Withdrawing Anionic Nitrogen Ligands for Main Group Elements. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203345. [PMID: 36412126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The 2-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetraphenyl-1,2-azaborinines 1-EMe3 and 2-EMe3 (E=Si, Sn; aryl=Ph (1), Mes (=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, 2)) were synthesized by ring-expansion of borole precursors with N3 EMe3 -derived nitrenes. Desilylative hydrolysis of 1- and 2-SiMe3 yielded the corresponding N-protonated azaborinines, which were deprotonated with nBuLi or MN(SiMe3 )2 (M=Na, K) to the corresponding group 1 salts, 1-M and 2-M. While the lithium salts crystallized as monomeric Lewis base adducts, the potassium salts formed coordination polymers or oligomers via intramolecular K⋅⋅⋅aryl π interactions. The reaction of 1-M or 2-M with CO2 yielded N-carboxylate salts, which were derivatized by salt metathesis to methyl and silyl esters. Salt metathesis of 1-M or 2-M with methyl triflate, [Cp*BeCl] (Cp*=C5 Me5 ), BBr2 Ar (Ar=Ph, Mes, 2-thienyl), ECl3 (E=B, Al, Ga) and PX3 (X=Cl, Br) afforded the respective group 2, 13 and 15 1,2-azaborinin-2-yl complexes. Salt metathesis of 1-K with BBr3 resulted not only in N-borylation but also Ph-Br exchange between the endocyclic and exocyclic boron atoms. Solution 11 B NMR data suggest that the 1,2-azaborinin-2-yl ligand is similarly electron-withdrawing to a bromide. In the solid state the endocyclic bond length alternation and the twisting of the C4 BN ring increase with the sterics of the substituents at the boron and nitrogen atoms, respectively. Regression analyses revealed that the downfield shift of the endocyclic 11 B NMR resonances is linearly correlated to both the degree of twisting of the C4 BN ring and the tilt angle of the N-substituent. Calculations indicate that the 1,2-azaborinin-1-yl ligand has no sizeable π-donor ability and that the aromaticity of the ring can be subtly tuned by the electronics of the N-substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Lindl
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lamprecht
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eugen Khitro
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rempel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tim Wellnitz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Stoy
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Paprocki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Prieschl
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Ramler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Chemistry Department - FB 15, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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48
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Kashida J, Shoji Y, Taka H, Fukushima T. Synthesis and Properties of B 4 N 4 -Heteropentalenes Fused with Polycyclic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203561. [PMID: 36734177 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid molecules of π-conjugated carbon rings and BN-heterocyclic rings (h-CBNs) fused with each other have been a rare class of compounds due to the limited availability of their synthetic methods. Here we report the synthesis of new h-CBNs featuring a B4 N4 -heteropentalene core and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon wings. Using 1,2-azaborinine derivatives as a building block, we developed a rational synthetic protocol that allows the formation of a B4 N4 ring in a stepwise manner, resulting in the fully fused ABA-type triblock molecules. Thus, three derivatives of 1 bearing naphthalene (1Naph ), anthracene (1Anth ), or phenanthrene (1Phen ) wings fused with the B4 N4 core were synthesized and characterized. Among them, 1Phen , which displays the highest triplet-state energy, was found to serve a host material for phosphorescent OLED devices, for which a maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.7 % was recorded. These findings may promote the synthesis of various types of h-CBNs aiming at new properties arising from the synergy of two different π-electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junki Kashida
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hideo Taka
- Konica Minolta Ishikawa-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8505, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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49
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Baschieri A, Aleotti F, Matteucci E, Sambri L, Mancinelli M, Mazzanti A, Leoni E, Armaroli N, Monti F. A Pyridyl-1,2-azaborine Ligand for Phosphorescent Neutral Iridium(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2456-2469. [PMID: 36696253 PMCID: PMC9906742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel 1,2-azaborine (i.e., 4-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-2,1-borazaronaphthalene, 1a) has been synthesized and used for the first time as a B-N alternative to common cyclometalating ligands to obtain neutral phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes (i.e., 2a, 3, and 4) of general formula [Ir(C∧N)2(N∧NB)], where C∧N indicates three different cyclometalating ligands (Hppy = 2-phenylpyridine; Hdfppy = 2-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)pyridine; Hpqu = 2-methyl-3-phenylquinoxaline). Moreover, the azaborine-based complex 2a was compared to the isoelectronic C═C iridium(III) complex 2b, obtained using the corresponding 2-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyridine ligand 1b. Due to the dual cyclometalation mode of such C═C ligand, the isomeric complex 2c was also obtained. All new compounds have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS), and the X-ray structure of 2a was determined. The electronic properties of both ligands and complexes were investigated by electrochemical, density functional theory (DFT), and photophysical methods showing that, compared to the naphthalene analogues, the azaborine ligand induces a larger band gap in the corresponding complexes, resulting in increased redox gap (basically because of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) stabilization) and blue-shifted emission bands (e.g., λmax = 523 vs 577 nm for 2a vs 2b, in acetonitrile solution at 298 K). On the other hand, the 3LC nature of the emitting state is the same in all complexes and remains centered on the pyridyl-borazaronaphthalene or its C═C pyridyl-naphthalene analogue. As a consequence, the quantum yields of such azaborine-based complexes are comparable to those of the more classical C═C counterparts (e.g., photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) = 16 vs 22% for 2a vs 2b, in acetonitrile solution at 298 K) but with enhanced excited-state energy. This proves that such type of azaborine ligands can be effectively used for the development of novel classes of photoactive transition-metal complexes for light-emitting devices or photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Baschieri
- Istituto
per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy,
| | - Flavia Aleotti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elia Matteucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Letizia Sambri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Mancinelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy,
| | - Andrea Mazzanti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Leoni
- Istituto
per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy,Laboratorio
Tecnologie dei Materiali Faenza, ENEA, Via Ravegnana 186, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto
per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Monti
- Istituto
per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy,
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50
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Okada N, Nakatsuka S, Kawasumi R, Gotoh H, Yasuda N, Hatakeyama T. Synthesis and Late-Stage Diversification of BN-Embedded Dibenzocorannulenes as Efficient Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diode Emitters. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202627. [PMID: 36260535 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and late-stage diversification of a new class of hetero-buckybowl, BN-embedded dibenzocorannulenes (B2 N2 -DBCs). The synthesis is achieved via one-shot halogenative borylation, comprising the nitrogen-directed haloboration of alkyne and an intramolecular bora-Friedel-Crafts reaction, which provides BN-embedded dibenzocorannulene possessing two bromo substituents (B2 N2 -DBC-Br). B2 N2 -DBC-Br undergoes diversification via coupling reactions to provide a variety of arylated derivatives (B2 N2 -DBC-R), exhibiting strong blue fluorescence. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) employing one of the derivatives as an emitter exhibited a high external quantum efficiency of 6.6 % and long operational lifetime of 907 h at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m-2 , indicating the significant potential for the development of efficient and stable hetero-buckybowl-based OLED materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Okada
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawasumi
- SK JNC Japan, Co. Ltd., 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Hajime Gotoh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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