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Jiang Z, Qian M, Zhen Z, Yang X, Xu C, Zuo L, Jiang J, Zhang W, Hu N. Gut microbiota and metabolomic profile changes play critical roles in tacrolimus-induced diabetes in rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1436477. [PMID: 39355267 PMCID: PMC11442430 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1436477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Hyperglycemia is one of the adverse effects of tacrolimus (TAC), but the underlying mechanism is not fully identified. We used multi-omics analysis to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic profile of rats with TAC-induced diabetes. Methods To establish a diabetic animal model, Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into two groups. Those in the TAC group received intraperitoneal injections of TAC (3 mg/kg) for 8 weeks, and those in the CON group served as the control. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze fecal microbiota. The metabolites of the two groups were detected and analyzed by nontargeted and targeted metabolomics, including amino acids (AAs), bile acids (BAs), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Results The rats treated with TAC exhibited hyperglycemia as well as changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites. Specifically, their gut microbiota had significantly higher abundances of Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, and Allobaculum, and significantly lower abundances of Ruminococcus, Akkermansia, and Roseburia. In addition, they had significantly reduced serum levels of AAs including asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and methionine. With respect to BAs, they had significantly higher serum levels of taurocholic acid (TCA), and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), but significantly lower levels of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). There were no differences in the levels of SCFAs between the two groups. Correlations existed among glucose metabolism indexes (fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin), gut microbiota (Ruminococcus and Akkermansia), and metabolites (glutamic acid, hydroxyproline, GCDCA, TDCA, and TUDCA). Conclusions Both AAs and BAs may play crucial roles as signaling molecules in the regulation of TAC-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Minyan Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Zeng Zhen
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical School, Changzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Xuping Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Caomei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Li'an Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- Pediatric Central Laboratory, Affiliated Changzhou Children's Hospital of Nantong University, Changzhou, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
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Zhang R, Yan Z, Zhong H, Luo R, Liu W, Xiong S, Liu Q, Liu M. Gut microbial metabolites in MASLD: Implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and treatment. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0484. [PMID: 38967596 PMCID: PMC11227362 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
With an increasing prevalence, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a major global health problem. MASLD is well-known as a multifactorial disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in the gut bacteria are 2 vital events in MASLD. Recent studies have highlighted the cross-talk between microbiota and mitochondria, and mitochondria are recognized as pivotal targets of the gut microbiota to modulate the host's physiological state. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in MASLD and is associated with multiple pathological changes, including hepatocyte steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Metabolites are crucial mediators of the gut microbiota that influence extraintestinal organs. Additionally, regulation of the composition of gut bacteria may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for MASLD. This study reviewed the potential roles of several common metabolites in MASLD, emphasizing their impact on mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss the current treatments for MASLD, including probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. These methods concentrate on restoring the gut microbiota to promote host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhan Zhang
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaobo Yan
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Weiai Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Shulin Xiong
- Department of Preventive Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Qianyan Liu
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Mi Liu
- College of Acupuncture, Tuina, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
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Huang Z, Wells JM, Fogliano V, Capuano E. Microbial tryptophan catabolism as an actionable target via diet-microbiome interactions. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38950607 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2369947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of microbial tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in host-microbiota crosstalk has become a major area of scientific interest. Microbiota-derived Trp catabolites positively contribute to intestinal and systemic homeostasis by acting as ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and pregnane X receptor, and as signaling molecules in microbial communities. Accumulating evidence suggests that microbial Trp catabolism could be therapeutic targets in treating human diseases. A number of bacteria and metabolic pathways have been identified to be responsible for the conversion of Trp in the intestine. Interestingly, many Trp-degrading bacteria can benefit from the supplementation of specific dietary fibers and polyphenols, which in turn increase the microbial production of beneficial Trp catabolites. Thus, this review aims to highlight the emerging role of diets and food components, i.e., food matrix, fiber, and polyphenol, in modulating the microbial catabolism of Trp and discuss the opportunities for potential therapeutic interventions via specifically designed diets targeting the Trp-microbiome axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Huang
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Gan Q, Chen L, Xian J, An G, Wei H, Ma Y. Digestive characteristics of Gastrodia elata Blume polysaccharide and related impacts on human gut microbiota in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118064. [PMID: 38521425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Blume is a traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of improving the deficiency of the body and maintaining health, and polysaccharide (GEP) is one of the effective ingredients to play these activities of G. elata. Traditionally, G. elata is orally administered, so the activities of GEP are associated with digestive and intestinal metabolism. However, the digestive behavior of GEP and its effects on the human gut microbiota are unclear and need to be fully studied. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the changes in structural characteristics of GEP during digestion and the related impacts of its digestive product on gut microbiota in human fecal fermentation, and to explain the beneficial mechanism of GEP on human health from the perspective of digestive characteristics and "gut" axis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The changes of reducing sugars, free monosaccharides and physicochemical properties of GEP during digestion were investigated by GPC, HPLC, FT-IR, CD, NMR, SEM, and TGA. Moreover, polysaccharide consumption, pH value changes, SCFAs production, and changes in gut microbiota during fermentation were also discussed. RESULTS During digestion of GEP, glucose was partially released causing a decrease in molecular weight, and a change in monosaccharide composition. In addition, the characteristics of GEP before and after digestion, including configuration, morphology, and stability, were different. The digestive product of GEP was polysaccharide (GEP-I), which actively participated in the fecal fermentation process. As the fermentation time increased, the utilization of GEP-I by the microbiota gradually increased. The abundance of probiotics such as Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, Prevotella, and Faecalibacterium was significantly increased, and the abundance of pathogenic Shigella, Dorea, Desulfovibrio, and Blautia was significantly inhibited, thereby suggesting that GEP has the potential to maintain human health through the "gut" axis. In addition, the beneficial health effects of GEP-I have also been observed in the influence of microbial metabolites. During the fermentation of GEP-I, the pH value gradually decreased, and the contents of beneficial metabolites such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and caproic acid significantly increased. CONCLUSION The structure of GEP changed significantly during digestion, and its digestive product had the potential to maintain human health by regulating gut microbiota, which may be one of the active mechanisms of GEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Gan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Linlin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jiacheng Xian
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Guangqin An
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Haobo Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuntong Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1166, Liutai Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Xu Y, Zhou C, Zong M, Zhu J, Guo X, Sun Z. High-protein high-konjac glucomannan diets changed glucose and lipid metabolism by modulating colonic microflora and bile acid profiles in healthy mouse models. Food Funct 2024; 15:4446-4461. [PMID: 38563504 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00159a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
High protein and fiber diets are becoming increasingly popular for weight loss; however, the benefits or risks of high protein and fiber diets with a normal calorie level for healthy individuals still need to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the role and mechanisms of long-term high protein and/or konjac glucomannan diets on the metabolic health of healthy mouse models. We found that high konjac glucomannan contents improved the glucose tolerance of mice and both high protein and high konjac glucomannan contents improved the serum lipid profile but increased the TNF-α levels. In the liver, high dietary protein contents reduced the expression of the FASN gene related to fatty acid synthesis. Interactions of dietary protein and fiber were shown in the signaling pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism of the liver and the inflammatory status of the colon, wherein the high protein and high konjac glucomannan diet downregulated the expression of the SREBF1 and FXR genes in the liver and downregulated the expression of TNF-α genes in the colon compared to the high protein diet. High konjac glucomannan contents reduced the colonic secondary bile acid levels including DCA and LCA; this was largely associated with the changed microbiota profile and also contributed to improved lipid and glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, high protein diets improved lipid homeostasis and were not a risk to metabolic health, while high fiber diets improved glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating colonic microbiota and bile acid profiles, and a high protein diet supplemented with konjac glucomannan might improve hepatic lipid homeostasis and colonic inflammation in healthy mouse models through long-term intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetong Xu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyu Zhou
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Minyue Zong
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Junwei Zhu
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Xutong Guo
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihong Sun
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China.
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Li B, Luan H, Qin J, Zong A, Liu L, Xu Z, Du F, Xu T. Effect of soluble dietary fiber on soy protein isolate emulsion gel properties, stability and delivery of vitamin D 3. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129806. [PMID: 38325693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Emulsion gels with denser network microstructure and stronger mechanical properties have attracted increasing attentions for delivering lipophilic compounds. In this study, the effect of three distinct soluble dietary fiber (inulin (IN), resistant dextrin (RD) and stachyose (ST)) on the rheological, mechanical and microstructural properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) emulsion gel were firstly investigated. Compared with RD and IN, ST significantly accelerated water holding capacity and thermal stability, which exhibited more compact microstructure and more uniform emulsified oil droplets. Subsequently, the stability and bioavailability of vitamin D3 (VD3) in different delivery systems (medium chain triglycerides (MCT) embedding, SPI-ST emulsion embedding, SPI emulsion gel embedding and SPI-ST emulsion gel embedding) were continue evaluated. In vitro simulated digestion experiment demonstrated that the bioaccessibility of encapsulated VD3 in SPI-ST emulsion gel (69.95 %) was much higher than that of free embedding (48.99 %). In vivo pharmacokinetic experiment revealed that the bioavailability of VD3 was significantly enhanced in SPI-ST gel (p < 0.05), with the AUC0-24h value of 25-OH VD3 (the main circulating form of VD3) were 1.34-fold, 1.23-fold higher than that of free embedding, MCT embedding, respectively. These findings provide a possible approach for the development of high protein/fiber functional foods containing enhanced hydrophobic bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorui Li
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China
| | - Hui Luan
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Jingya Qin
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Aizhen Zong
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China
| | - Lina Liu
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Tai'an, PR China
| | - Fangling Du
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China.
| | - Tongcheng Xu
- Institute of Food & Nutrition Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Engineering Research Center of Food for Special Medical Purpose, Jinan, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Tai'an, PR China.
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Chen X, Hou Y, Liao A, Pan L, Yang S, Liu Y, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhang M, Zhu Z, Huang J. Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Adipose Transcriptome Reveals Beneficial Effects of Resistant Dextrin from Wheat Starch on Insulin Resistance in Kunming Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 38397423 PMCID: PMC10886926 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation is recognized as a significant contributor to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. Previous studies have revealed the physiological benefits of resistant dextrin (RD), including obesity reduction, lower fasting glucose levels, and anti-inflammation. The present study investigated the effects of RD intervention on insulin resistance (IR) in Kunming mice, expounding the mechanisms through the gut microbiome and transcriptome of white adipose. In this eight-week study, we investigated changes in tissue weight, glucose-lipid metabolism levels, serum inflammation levels, and lesions of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) evaluated via Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Moreover, we analyzed the gut microbiota composition and transcriptome of eWAT to assess the potential protective effects of RD intervention. Compared with a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHSD) group, the RD intervention significantly enhanced glucose homeostasis (e.g., AUC-OGTT, HOMA-IR, p < 0.001), and reduced lipid metabolism (e.g., TG, LDL-C, p < 0.001) and serum inflammation levels (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, p < 0.001). The RD intervention also led to changes in the gut microbiota composition, with an increase in the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Parabacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Muribaculum, p < 0.05) and a decrease in harmful bacteria (Colidextribacter, p < 0.05). Moreover, the RD intervention had a noticeable effect on the gene transcription profile of eWAT, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were enriched in PI3K/AKT, AMPK, in glucose-lipid metabolism, and in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes signaling pathways. The findings demonstrated that RD not only ameliorated IR, but also remodeled the gut microbiota and modified the transcriptome profile of eWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Chen
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinchen Hou
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Aimei Liao
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Long Pan
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengru Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Yingying Liu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingchun Xue
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhitong Zhu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
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Hizo GH, Rampelotto PH. The Role of Bifidobacterium in Liver Diseases: A Systematic Review of Next-Generation Sequencing Studies. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2999. [PMID: 38138143 PMCID: PMC10745637 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiopathology of liver diseases is complex and can be caused by various factors. Bifidobacterium is a bacterial genus commonly found in the human gut microbiome and has been shown to influence the development of different stages of liver diseases significantly. This study investigated the relationship between the Bifidobacterium genus and liver injury. In this work, we performed a systematic review in major databases using the key terms "Bifidobacterium", "ALD", "NAFLD", "NASH", "cirrhosis", and "HCC" to achieve our purpose. In total, 31 articles were selected for analysis. In particular, we focused on studies that used next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The studies focused on assessing Bifidobacterium levels in the diseases and interventional aimed at examining the therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium in the mentioned conditions. Overall, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was reduced in hepatic pathologies. Low levels of Bifidobacterium were associated with harmful biochemical and physiological parameters, as well as an adverse clinical outcome. However, interventional studies using different drugs and treatments were able to increase the abundance of the genus and improve clinical outcomes. These results strongly support the hypothesis that changes in the abundance of Bifidobacterium significantly influence both the pathophysiology of hepatic diseases and the related clinical outcomes. In addition, our critical assessment of the NGS methods and related statistical analyses employed in each study highlights concerns with the methods used to define the differential abundance of Bifidobacterium, including potential biases and the omission of relevant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Henrique Hizo
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91501-907, Brazil
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Zhang Z, Lu W, Liu P, Li M, Ge X, Yu B, Wu Z, Liu G, Ding N, Cui B, Chen X. Microbial modifications with Lycium barbarum L. oligosaccharides decrease hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155068. [PMID: 37690228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum L. is a typical Chinese herbal and edible plant and are now consumed globally. Low molecular weight L. barbarum L. oligosaccharides (LBO) exhibit better antioxidant activity and gastrointestinal digestibility in vitro than high molecular weight polysaccharides. However, the LBO on the treatment of liver disease is not studied. PURPOSE Modification of the gut microbial ecosystem by LBO is a promising treatment for liver fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Herein, LBO were prepared and characterized. CCl4-treated mice were orally gavaged with LBO and the effects on hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities were evaluated according to relevant indicators (gut microbiota, faecal metabolites, and physiological and biochemical indices). RESULTS The results revealed that LBO, a potential prebiotic source, is a pyranose cyclic oligosaccharide possessing α-glycosidic and β-glycosidic bonds. Moreover, LBO supplementation restored the configuration of the bacterial community, enhanced the proliferation of beneficial species in the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., Bacillus, Tyzzerella, Fournierella and Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002), improved microbial metabolic alterations (i.e., carbohydrate metabolism, vitamin metabolism and entero-hepatic circulation), and increased antioxidants, including doxepin, in mice. Finally, LBO administration reduced serum inflammatory cytokine and hepatic hydroxyproline levels, improved intestinal and hepatic mitochondrial functions, and ameliorated mouse liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that LBO can be utilized as a prebiotic and has a remarkable ability to mitigate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xinyi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhengzong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250353, China.
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10
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Kadyan S, Park G, Wang B, Singh P, Arjmandi B, Nagpal R. Resistant starches from dietary pulses modulate the gut metabolome in association with microbiome in a humanized murine model of ageing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10566. [PMID: 37386089 PMCID: PMC10310774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37036-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that plant-based fiber-rich diets improve ageing-associated health by fostering a healthier gut microbiome and microbial metabolites. However, such effects and mechanisms of resistant starches from dietary pulses remain underexplored. Herein, we examine the prebiotic effects of dietary pulses-derived resistant starch (RS) on gut metabolome in older (60-week old) mice carrying a human microbiome. Gut metabolome and its association with microbiome are examined after 20-weeks feeding of a western-style diet (control; CTL) fortified (5% w/w) with RS from pinto beans (PTB), black-eyed-peas (BEP), lentils (LEN), chickpeas (CKP), or inulin (INU; reference control). NMR spectroscopy-based untargeted metabolomic analysis yield differential abundance linking phenotypic differences in specific metabolites among different RS groups. LEN and CKP increase butyrate, while INU promotes propionate. Conversely, bile acids and cholesterol are reduced in prebiotic groups along with suppressed choline-to-trimethylamine conversion by LEN and CKP, whereas amino acid metabolism is positively altered. Multi-omics microbiome-metabolome interactions reveal an association of beneficial metabolites with the Lactobacilli group, Bacteroides, Dubosiella, Parasutterella, and Parabacteroides, while harmful metabolites correlate with Butyricimonas, Faecalibaculum, Colidextribacter, Enterococcus, Akkermansia, Odoribacter, and Bilophila. These findings demonstrate the functional effects of pulses-derived RS on gut microbial metabolism and their beneficial physiologic responses in an aged host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kadyan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Gwoncheol Park
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Bahram Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
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11
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Interactions between structure and function of resistant glucans for alleviating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123405. [PMID: 36693608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Resistant glucan, a functional dietary fiber, has been shown to alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications in clinical studies. However, the interactions between the special structure of resistant glucan and the metabolism-related pathways in T2DM have not yet been systematically studied. This study identified the structural differences between resistant glucans prepared by new and old methods. Oral gavage with two resistant glucans in T2DM mice, led to significant improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism as measured by related indicators (including gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and physiological and biochemical indexes). According to these results, in addition to van der Waals forces, micelle formation, and hydrogen bonding, the branching structures of resistant glucans produced more hydroxyl, carbonyl, and keto groups that linked cholesterols, cholesterol esters, and low-density lipoprotein intermediates. Moreover, after lipid clearing, the metabolic environment was more conducive to the proliferation of specific gut microbiota (including Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella, Butyricicoccus, Weissella, and Anaerostipes) with decreasing abundance ratios of Firmicutes and Bacteroides. This facilitated the synthesis of high-density lipoprotein, conversion of cholesterol into coprostanol, and production of short-chain fatty acids and bile acids. Our findings provide a foundation for comprehensive investigation of the structure of resistant glucan in the promotion and prevention of T2DM.
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12
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Zou YF, JiZe XP, Li CY, Zhang CW, Fu YP, Yin ZQ, Li YP, Song X, Li LX, Zhao XH, Feng B, Huang C, Ye G, Tang HQ, Li NY, Chen J, Chen XF, Tian ML. Polysaccharide from aerial part of Chuanminshen violaceum alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in aging mice through modulating intestinal microbiota. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159291. [PMID: 37153605 PMCID: PMC10162438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological process of progressive deterioration of physiological functions, which poses a serious threat to individual health and a heavy burden on public health systems. As population aging continues, research into anti-aging drugs that prolong life and improve health is of particular importance. In this study, the polysaccharide from stems and leaves of Chuanminshen violaceum was obtained with water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and then separated and purified with DEAE anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration to obtain CVP-AP-I. We gavaged natural aging mice with CVP-AP-I and performed serum biochemical analysis, histological staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA kit assays to analyze inflammation and oxidative stress-related gene and protein expression in tissues, and 16SrRNA to analyze intestinal flora. We found that CVP-AP-I significantly improved oxidative stress and inflammatory responses of the intestine and liver, restored the intestinal immune barrier, and balanced the dysbiosis of intestinal flora. In addition, we revealed the potential mechanism behind CVP-AP-I to improve intestinal and liver function by regulating intestinal flora balance and repairing the intestinal immune barrier to regulate the intestinal-liver axis. Our results indicated that C. violaceum polysaccharides possessed favorable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potentially anti-aging effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Feng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Ping JiZe
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cen-Yu Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao-Wen Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Ping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Qiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, China College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Hong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Qiao Tang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning-Yuan Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Fu Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Liang Tian
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Meng-Liang Tian,
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13
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Li Q, Zhou HB, Liu JQ, Bai WF, Wang J, Yang ZJ, Qiu M, Chang H, Shi SL. The intervention effect of Amygdalus mongolica oil on the metabolomics and intestinal flora in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1037563. [PMID: 36386194 PMCID: PMC9663812 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1037563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amygdalus mongolica oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids such as inoleic acid (47.11%) and oleic acid (23.81%). Our research demonstrates that it exerts a protective effect on rat models of pulmonary fibrosis, however, little is known regarding the underlying mechanism of action. This study aimed to characterize the therapeutic mechanism of action of A. mongolica oil on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. A. mongolica oil appears to regulate the levels of potential key serum biomarkers which include tetrahydrobiopterin, L-serine, citrulline and estradiol to participate in folate biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis. And it also enriched intestinal microbial abundance, homogeneity and modulated the abundance of Duncaniell, Desulfovibrio, Peptococcaceae_unclassified, Dubosiella, Tyzzerella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lactobacillus, Clostridiales_unclassified to exert a protective effect against pulmonary fibrosis. A. mongolica oil appears to confer protective effects against pulmonary fibrosis by affecting the level of pulmonary fibrosis metabolites and the abundance of related intestinal flora through multiple targets, as evidenced by our untargeted LC-MS/MS metabonomics evaluation and 16S rDNA sequencing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,2Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Hong-Bing Zhou
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,3Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Liu
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Wan-Fu Bai
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Yang
- 3Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Min Qiu
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,3Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Hong Chang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,*Correspondence: Hong Chang, ; Song-Li Shi,
| | - Song-Li Shi
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,3Institute of Bioactive Substance and Function of Mongolian Medicine and Chinese Materia Medica, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China,*Correspondence: Hong Chang, ; Song-Li Shi,
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14
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Zhang Q, Xing W, Wang Q, Tang Z, Wang Y, Gao W. Gut microbiota-mitochondrial inter-talk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:934113. [PMID: 36204383 PMCID: PMC9530335 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.934113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a progressive disease, has exerted huge a healthcare burden worldwide. New investigations have suggested that the gut microbiota closely participates in the progression of NAFLD through the gut-liver axis or gut-brain-liver axis. The composition of the microbiota can be altered by multiple factors, primarily dietary style, nutritional supplements, or exercise. Recent evidence has revealed that gut microbiota is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in the liver by regulating crucial transcription factors, enzymes, or genes. Moreover, microbiota metabolites can also affect mitochondrial oxidative stress function and swallow formation, subsequently controlling the inflammatory response and regulating the levels of inflammatory cytokines, which are the predominant regulators of NAFLD. This review focuses on the changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and metabolites as well as the cross-talk between gut microbiota and mitochondrial function. We thus aim to comprehensively explore the potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in NAFLD and potential therapeutic strategies targeting NAFLD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenmin Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yazhen Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Chen X, Li S, Lin C, Zhang Z, Liu X, Wang C, Chen J, Yang B, Yuan J, Zhang Z. Isomaltooligosaccharides inhibit early colorectal carcinogenesis in a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:995126. [PMID: 36185671 PMCID: PMC9521046 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.995126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a multistage disease and one of the most common cancers worldwide. Establishing an effective treatment strategies of early colon cancer is of great significance for preventing its development and reducing mortality. The occurrence of colon cancer is closely related to changes in the intestinal flora structure. Therefore, remodelling the intestinal flora structure through prebiotics is a powerful approach for preventing and treating the occurrence and development of colon cancer. Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) are often found in fermented foods and can directly reach the gut for use by microorganisms. In this study, a rat model of early colon cancer (DMH) was established by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and the model rats were fed IMOs as a dietary intervention (DI). The untargeted faecal metabolomics, gut metabolome and intestinal function of the model rats were investigated. The results showed that DMH, DI and IMOs alone (IMOs) groups exhibited gut microbial community changes. In the DI group, there was an increased abundance of probiotics (Lactobacillus) and decreased abundance of CC marker bacteria (Fusobacterium). The key variations in the faecal metabolites of the DI group included decreased levels of glucose, bile acids (including deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid) and amino acids (including L-glutamic acid and L-alanine). In addition, dietary intake of IMOs attenuated the intestinal inflammatory response, improved the intestinal microecological environment, and slowed the development of DMH-induced early CC in rats. This work provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the clinical prevention or treatment of CC with prebiotics.
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16
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Guo W, Luo L, Meng Y, Chen W, Yu L, Zhang C, Qiu Z, Cao P. Luteolin alleviates methionine-choline-deficient diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating host serum metabolome and gut microbiome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:936237. [PMID: 35990349 PMCID: PMC9389599 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.936237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Previous studies have indicated the protective effects of luteolin against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the definite underlying mechanism still remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the metabolomic and metagenomic signatures of NASH with luteolin supplementation. Experimental approach Mice were fed with a methionine–choline-deficient (MCD) diet containing 0.05% luteolin for 6 weeks. NASH severity was determined based on the liver histological observations, serum and hepatic biochemical measurements. Targeted metabolomics was conducted to identify differential metabolites in mice serum. 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted to assess the gut microbiota composition and function in mice colon. Results In detail, luteolin treatment significantly alleviated MCD diet-induced hepatic lipid deposition, liver function damage, and oxidative stress. Targeted plasma metabolomics revealed that 5-hydroxyindole, LPE (0:0/22:5), indole 3-phosphate, and N-phenylacetylphenylalanine were remarkably elevated, and homogentisic acid, thiamine, KN-93, PC (16:1e/8, 9-EpETE), carnitine C9:1-OH, FFA (18:4) and carnitine C8:1 were significantly decreased in NASH group as compared to normal group, which could be profoundly reversed after luteolin treatment. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that luteolin supplementation significantly increased Erysipelatoclostridium and Pseudomonas as well as decreased Faecalibaculum at genus level. Most importantly, a negative association between thiamine and Faecalibaculum was observed based on Spearman's correlation analysis, which may play an important role in the preventive effects of luteolin against NASH. Conclusion Collectively, luteolin may alleviate the NASH by modulating serum metabolome and gut microbiome, which supports its use as a dietary supplement for NASH prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
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17
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Li Z, Liu Y, Huang Y, Liu J, Tian Y, Wang S, Sun P, Nie Y, Gan S, Xu H. Preparation of resistant glucan by high pressure processing (HPP) and enzymatic methods increases indigestibility. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:150-158. [PMID: 35905764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a new method for producing high-quality resistant glucan by characterizing the structural mechanism of indigestibility. The structures and properties of resistant glucans were characterized before and after in vitro simulated digestion. The results demonstrated that high-pressure processing (HPP) led to the complete disappearance of crystal peaks and increased the efficiency of the two enzymes (α-amylase and transglucosidase). Moreover, α-1,6 and β-linkages were abundant in the connecting parts of the long and branching chains in the resulting resistant glucans, thus hindering the ability of digestive enzymes to hydrolyze short chains with a degree of polymerization (DP) ≤ 6. In addition, transglucosidase activity led to a higher proportion of short chains (DP 3-6), further promoting indigestibility. We demonstrated that, without rectification and decolorization, the dietary fiber content was >75 %, and the degree of branching increased to 50.9 %, indicating higher indigestibility than that resistant glucans produced by traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerun Li
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yanjun Tian
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yupeng Nie
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Shaobo Gan
- Shandong Bailong Chuangyuan Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute, Jinan 250000, China.
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18
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Huang J, Wu C, Fan X, Stalin A, Lu S, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Wu Z, Li B, Huang Z, Chen M, Cheng G, Mou Y, Wu J. Revealing the Mechanism of Huazhi Rougan Granule in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Through Intestinal Flora Based on 16S rRNA, Metagenomic Sequencing and Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875700. [PMID: 35559233 PMCID: PMC9086680 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) is increasing year by year, growing evidence suggests that the intestinal flora plays a causative role in NAFL. Huazhi Rougan Granule (HRG) is commonly used in the clinical treatment of NAFL. It is reported that it can reduce lipids and protect the liver, but no research has confirmed whether the drug's effect is related to the intestinal flora. Therefore, we investigated whether the effect of HRG is related to the regulation of intestinal flora to further explore the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora. Methods: In this study, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks, and the high-fat diet plus HRG or polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules were each administered by gavage for 4 weeks. High-throughput sequencing, network pharmacology, and molecular docking were used to explore the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora. Results: HRG treatment can reduce body weight gain, lipid accumulation in liver and lipogenesis and reduce serum biochemical indexes in high-fat-fed mice. Analysis of intestinal flora showed that HRG changed the composition of intestinal flora, which was characterized by a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Moreover, the species distribution was significantly correlated with AKP, HDL-C, and TG. Metagenetic analysis showed that HRG altered the functional composition and functional diversity of microorganisms, which was mainly characterized by an increase in the abundance of metabolic pathways. The network pharmacology results show that the mechanism of HRG in the treatment of NAFL through intestinal flora is mainly reflected in the biological process of gene function and related to infectious diseases, immune systems, and signal transduction pathways, such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Chagas disease, IL-17 signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. Conclusion: These results strongly suggest that HRG may alleviate NAFL by preventing IFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Fan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haojia Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhishan Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meilin Chen
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Yanfang Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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19
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Cheng L, Kong L, Xia C, Zeng X, Wu Z, Guo Y, Pan D. Sources, Processing-Related Transformation, and Gut Axis Regulation of Conventional and Potential Prebiotics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4509-4521. [PMID: 35389646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One strategy to achieve a balanced intestinal microbiota is to introduce prebiotics. Some substances present in the diet, such as soybean extracts, koji glycosylceramides, grape extracts, tea polyphenols, and seaweed extracts, can be considered as potential prebiotics, because they can selectively stimulate the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. However, the discovery of novel prebiotics also involves advances in screening methods and the use of thermal and non-thermal processing techniques to modify and enhance the properties of beneficial organisms. The health benefits of prebiotics are also reflected by their participation in regulating the microbiota in different gut axes. In the present review, we introduced the field of prebiotics, focusing on potential prebiotic substances, the process of screening potential prebiotics, the transformation of prebiotics by food-processing technologies, and the roles of prebiotics on gut axis regulation, which, it is hoped, will promote the discovery and utilization of novel prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoran Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, People's Republic of China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Li M, Yang B, Liu W, Chu Z, Cui B, Chen X. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Encapsulated in Alginate/Chitosan Microgels Manipulates the Gut Microbiome to Ameliorate Salt-Induced Hepatorenal Injury. Front Nutr 2022; 9:872808. [PMID: 35495927 PMCID: PMC9047548 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.872808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the essential regulator of intestinal bacterial diversity, probiotics are a potential treatment for chronic high-salt diet (HSD)–induced metabolic dysfunction. Probiotic cells entrapped in microgels have been confirmed as being more effective than free cells in protecting bacteria against unfavorable conditions, that is, enhancing their stress resistance. This study explored the physiological mechanism by which probiotic microgels relieve HSD–induced hepatorenal injury. Herein, Lactobacillus rhamnosus was encapsulated in alginate-chitosan microgels which the percentage of alginate/chitosan was applied 1.5:0.5 (w/w) in this system, and the encapsulation significantly improved the probiotic viability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Mice were fed an HSD with L. rhamnosus (SDL) or L. rhamnosus microgels (SDEL). After 8 weeks of administration, dietary sodium was confirmed as inducing the hepatic and renal damages in mice, based on indicators, including serum biomarker levels, histopathological features of tissues, and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in blood levels. However, the serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase in the SDL and SDEL-fed mice were significantly lowered compared to the HSD-fed mice, especially in the SDEL group. HSD increased the abundances of Anaeroplasma, Enterorhabdus, Parvibacter, and Bacteroides, while the microgels increased the abundances of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Mucispirillum, and Faecalibaculum. Significant variations of fecal metabolome were validated for SDEL-treated mice, containing those linked to entero-hepatic circulation (e.g., cholic acid), carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., L-lactic acid), and increased antioxidants including citric acid. Furthermore, the probiotic microgels ameliorated intestinal damage by improving barrier and absorption functions. These results augmented existing knowledge on probiotic application for salt toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang
| | - Jiajian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yucheng People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- Bo Cui
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Xiao Chen
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21
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Zhang Z, Li M, Cui B, Chen X. Antibiotic Disruption of the Gut Microbiota Enhances the Murine Hepatic Dysfunction Associated With a High-Salt Diet. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:829686. [PMID: 35222044 PMCID: PMC8881101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that antibiotic exposure is related to metabolic malfunctions, such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Liver impairment and hypertrophy of adipose cells are related to high salt consumption. This research aims to investigated the physiological mechanism of a high salt diet (HSD) enhanced antibiotic-induced hepatic injury and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. The mice were fed a HSD with or without penicillin G (PEN) for 8 weeks and the gut metabolome, untargeted faecal metabolomics, and intestinal function were evaluated. The results revealed that HSD, PEN and their combination (HSPEN) significantly changed the gut microbial community. HSPEN mice exhibited more opportunistic pathogens (such as Klebsiella and Morganella) and reduced probiotic species (including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). The main variations in the faecal metabolites of the HSPEN group were identified, including those connected with entero-hepatic circulation (including bile acids), tryptophan metabolism (i.e., indole derivatives) and lipid metabolism (e.g., erucic acid). Furthermore, increased intestinal permeability and immunologic response caused greater hepatic damage in the HSPEN group compared to the other groups. These findings may have important implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang, ; Bo Cui, ; Xiao Chen,
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22
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Han H, Jiang Y, Wang M, Melaku M, Liu L, Zhao Y, Everaert N, Yi B, Zhang H. Intestinal dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): focusing on the gut-liver axis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1689-1706. [PMID: 34404276 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1966738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver disorders in humans, partly because it is closely related to metabolic disorders of the liver with increasing prevalence. NAFLD begins with hepatic lipid accumulation, which may cause inflammation and eventually lead to fibrosis in the liver. Numerous studies have demonstrated the close relationship between gut dysfunction (especially the gut microbiota and its metabolites) and the occurrence and progression of NAFLD. The bidirectional communication between the gut and liver, named the gut-liver axis, is mainly mediated by the metabolites derived from both the liver and gut through the biliary tract, portal vein, and systemic circulation. Herein, we review the effects of the gut-liver axis on the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We also comprehensively describe the potential molecular mechanisms from the perspective of the role of liver-derived metabolites and gut-related components in hepatic metabolism and inflammation and gut health, respectively. The study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying current summarizations that support the intricate interactions between a disordered gut and NAFLD and can provide novel strategies to lessen the prevalence and consequence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yi Jiang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mebratu Melaku
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal Production and Technology, College of Agriculture, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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