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Gao Y, Raghavan A, Espinosa Garcia SA, Deng B, Hurtado de Mendoza D, Liang B. In vitro higher-order oligomeric assembly of the respiratory syncytial virus M2-1 protein with longer RNAs. J Virol 2024; 98:e0104624. [PMID: 39016557 PMCID: PMC11334520 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01046-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) M2-1 protein is a transcriptional antitermination factor crucial for efficiently synthesizing multiple full-length viral mRNAs. During RSV infection, M2-1 exists in a complex with mRNA within cytoplasmic compartments called inclusion body-associated granules (IBAGs). Prior studies showed that M2-1 can bind along the entire length of viral mRNAs instead of just gene-end (GE) sequences, suggesting that M2-1 has more sophisticated RNA recognition and binding characteristics. Here, we analyzed the higher oligomeric complexes formed by M2-1 and RNAs in vitro using size exclusion chromatography (SEC), electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), negative stain electron microscopy (EM), and mutagenesis. We observed that the minimal RNA length for such higher oligomeric assembly is about 14 nucleotides for polyadenine sequences, and longer RNAs exhibit distinct RNA-induced binding modality to M2-1, leading to enhanced particle formation frequency and particle homogeneity as the local RNA concentration increases. We showed that particular cysteine residues of the M2-1 cysteine-cysteine-cystine-histidine (CCCH) zinc-binding motif are essential for higher oligomeric assembly. Furthermore, complexes assembled with long polyadenine sequences remain unaffected when co-incubated with ribonucleases or a zinc chelation agent. Our study provided new insights into the higher oligomeric assembly of M2-1 with longer RNA.IMPORTANCERespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant respiratory infections in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The virus forms specialized compartments to produce genetic material, with the M2-1 protein playing a pivotal role. M2-1 acts as an anti-terminator in viral transcription, ensuring the creation of complete viral mRNA and associating with both viral and cellular mRNA. Our research focuses on understanding M2-1's function in viral mRNA synthesis by modeling interactions in a controlled environment. This approach is crucial due to the challenges of studying these compartments in vivo. Reconstructing the system in vitro uncovers structural and biochemical aspects and reveals the potential functions of M2-1 and its homologs in related viruses. Our work may contribute to identifying targets for antiviral inhibitors and advancing RSV infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunrong Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anirudh Raghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Bowei Deng
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Bo Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Coverdale JPC, Polepalli S, Arruda MAZ, da Silva ABS, Stewart AJ, Blindauer CA. Recent Advances in Metalloproteomics. Biomolecules 2024; 14:104. [PMID: 38254704 PMCID: PMC10813065 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between proteins and metal ions and their complexes are important in many areas of the life sciences, including physiology, medicine, and toxicology. Despite the involvement of essential elements in all major processes necessary for sustaining life, metalloproteomes remain ill-defined. This is not only owing to the complexity of metalloproteomes, but also to the non-covalent character of the complexes that most essential metals form, which complicates analysis. Similar issues may also be encountered for some toxic metals. The review discusses recently developed approaches and current challenges for the study of interactions involving entire (sub-)proteomes with such labile metal ions. In the second part, transition metals from the fourth and fifth periods are examined, most of which are xenobiotic and also tend to form more stable and/or inert complexes. A large research area in this respect concerns metallodrug-protein interactions. Particular attention is paid to separation approaches, as these need to be adapted to the reactivity of the metal under consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. C. Coverdale
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK;
| | | | - Marco A. Z. Arruda
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil; (M.A.Z.A.); (A.B.S.d.S.)
| | - Ana B. Santos da Silva
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil; (M.A.Z.A.); (A.B.S.d.S.)
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK
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Chen B, Yu P, Chan WN, Xie F, Zhang Y, Liang L, Leung KT, Lo KW, Yu J, Tse GMK, Kang W, To KF. Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38169461 PMCID: PMC10761908 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer progression. Zinc transportation is under the control of two major transporter families: SLC30 (ZnT) for the excretion of zinc and SLC39 (ZIP) for the zinc intake. Additionally, the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins (MTs). This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression, with a special focus on cancer. We also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc ions. Given the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane, the potential for targeted therapies, including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies, offers promising avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yigan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary M K Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Nayamadi Mahmoodabadi M, Akhlaghinia B, Ein Afshar S, Safarzadeh M. Fe 3O 4@WO 3-E-SMTU-Ni II: as an environmentally-friendly, recoverable, durable and noble-free nanostructured catalyst for C-C bond formation reaction in green media. RSC Adv 2024; 14:492-516. [PMID: 38173600 PMCID: PMC10759186 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07151k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, NiII immobilized on Fe3O4@WO3 functionalized by aminated epichlorohydrin using S-methylisothiourea (Fe3O4@WO3-E-SMTU-NiII) as a novel magnetically separable nanostructured catalyst was successfully synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, EDX mapping, VSM, TGA, H2-TPR, ICP-OES and CHNS techniques. Characterization results revealed the spherical morphology and superparamagnetic behaviour of the as-synthesized catalyst with mean diameters of 19-31 nm as well as uniform distributions of the desired elements (Fe, O, W, C, N, S and Ni). The antibacterial activity of Fe3O4@WO3-E-SMTU-NiII was evaluated against a set of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, and the catalyst showed considerable activity against the Staphylococcus aureus strain. The aforementioned nanostructured catalyst exhibited perfect catalytic efficiency in the Heck-Mizoroki and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions under mild conditions without using toxic solvents (EtOH as a green solvent and WEB as a benign base). Desired coupled products were obtained from the reaction of different Ar-X (X = I, Br, Cl) with alkyl acrylates and arylboronic acids. A high nickel content with negligible metal leaching during the course of reactions led to the high catalytic performance and stability of Fe3O4@WO3-E-SMTU-NiII under optimized reaction conditions. The magnetically separation and ease of recovery and reusability of up to six cycles without a discernible decrease in catalytic activity or metal leaching are the most important features of the catalytic system from both industrial and environmental viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Batool Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad 9177948974 Iran
| | - Sima Ein Afshar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad 9177948974 Iran
| | - Mostafa Safarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad 9177948974 Iran
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Detomasi TC, Batka AE, Valastyan JS, Hydorn MA, Craik CS, Bassler BL, Marletta MA. Proteases influence colony aggregation behavior in Vibrio cholerae. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105386. [PMID: 37898401 PMCID: PMC10709122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregation behavior provides bacteria protection from harsh environments and threats to survival. Two uncharacterized proteases, LapX and Lap, are important for Vibrio cholerae liquid-based aggregation. Here, we determined that LapX is a serine protease with a preference for cleavage after glutamate and glutamine residues in the P1 position, which processes a physiologically based peptide substrate with a catalytic efficiency of 180 ± 80 M-1s-1. The activity with a LapX substrate identified by a multiplex substrate profiling by mass spectrometry screen was 590 ± 20 M-1s-1. Lap shares high sequence identity with an aminopeptidase (termed VpAP) from Vibrio proteolyticus and contains an inhibitory bacterial prepeptidase C-terminal domain that, when eliminated, increases catalytic efficiency on leucine p-nitroanilide nearly four-fold from 5.4 ± 4.1 × 104 M-1s-1 to 20.3 ± 4.3 × 104 M-1s-1. We demonstrate that LapX processes Lap to its mature form and thus amplifies Lap activity. The increase is approximately eighteen-fold for full-length Lap (95.7 ± 5.6 × 104 M-1s-1) and six-fold for Lap lacking the prepeptidase C-terminal domain (11.3 ± 1.9 × 105 M-1s-1). In addition, substrate profiling reveals preferences for these two proteases that could inform in vivo function. Furthermore, purified LapX and Lap restore the timing of the V. cholerae aggregation program to a mutant lacking the lapX and lap genes. Both proteases must be present to restore WT timing, and thus they appear to act sequentially: LapX acts on Lap, and Lap acts on the substrate involved in aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C Detomasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Allison E Batka
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Julie S Valastyan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Molly A Hydorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Charles S Craik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bonnie L Bassler
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael A Marletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
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6
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Conceição CJF, Salgueiro BA, Ribeiro PA, Raposo M, Moe E. Advances in the expression and purification of human PARP1: A user-friendly protocol. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 211:106336. [PMID: 37419399 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The PARP1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) enzyme is essential for single and double-strand break repair in humans. Alterations affecting PARP1 activity have severe consequences for human health and are associated with pathologies like cancer, and metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we have developed a fast and easy procedure for the expression and purification of PARP1. Biologically active protein was purified to an apparent purity > 95%, with only two purification steps. A thermostability analysis revealed that PARP1 possessed improved stability in 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 (Tm = 44.2 ± 0.3 °C), thus this buffer was used throughout the whole purification procedure. The protein was shown to bind to DNA and has no inhibitor molecules bound to the active site. Finally, the yield of the purified PARP1 protein is sufficient for both biochemical, biophysical and structural analysis. The new protocol provides a fast and simple purification procedure while producing similar protein quantities to what has been described previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota J F Conceição
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Bruno A Salgueiro
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Paulo A Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria Raposo
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Elin Moe
- ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Chemistry, UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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7
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Benin BM, Hillyer T, Crugnale AS, Fulk A, Thomas CA, Crowder MW, Smith MA, Shin WS. Taxifolin as a Metallo-β-Lactamase Inhibitor in Combination with Augmentin against Verona Imipenemase 2 Expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2653. [PMID: 38004664 PMCID: PMC10673258 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the various mechanisms that bacteria use to develop antibiotic resistance, the multiple expression of β-lactamases is particularly problematic, threatening public health and increasing patient mortality rates. Even if a combination therapy-in which a β-lactamase inhibitor is administered together with a β-lactam antibiotic-has proven effective against serine-β-lactamases, there are no currently approved metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors. Herein, we demonstrate that quercetin and its analogs are promising starting points for the further development of safe and effective metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors. Through a combined computational and in vitro approach, taxifolin was found to inhibit VIM-2 expressing P. aeruginosa cell proliferation at <4 μg/mL as part of a triple combination with amoxicillin and clavulanate. Furthermore, we tested this combination in mice with abrasive skin infections. Together, these results demonstrate that flavonol compounds, such as taxifolin, may be developed into effective metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan M. Benin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Trae Hillyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Aylin S. Crugnale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Andrew Fulk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Caitlyn A. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; (C.A.T.); (M.W.C.)
| | - Michael W. Crowder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; (C.A.T.); (M.W.C.)
| | - Matthew A. Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
- Akron Children’s Hospital, Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron, OH 44302, USA
| | - Woo Shik Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA; (B.M.B.); (T.H.); (A.F.); (M.A.S.)
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Maluchenko N, Saulina A, Geraskina O, Kotova E, Korovina A, Feofanov A, Studitsky V. Zinc-dependent Nucleosome Reorganization by PARP2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.17.562808. [PMID: 37904948 PMCID: PMC10614866 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.562808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 2 (PARP2) is a nuclear protein that acts as a DNA damage sensor; it recruits the repair enzymes to a DNA damage site and facilitates formation of the repair complex. Using single particle Förster resonance energy transfer microscopy and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) we demonstrated that PARP2 forms complexes with a nucleosome containing different number of PARP2 molecules without altering conformation of nucleosomal DNA both in the presence and in the absence of Mg 2+ or Ca 2+ ions. In contrast, Zn 2+ ions directly interact with PARP2 inducing a local alteration of the secondary structure of the protein and PARP2-mediated, reversible structural reorganization of nucleosomal DNA. AutoPARylation activity of PARP2 is enhanced by Mg 2+ ions and modulated by Zn 2+ ions: suppressed or enhanced depending on the occupancy of two functionally different Zn 2+ binding sites. The data suggest that Zn 2+ /PARP2-induced nucleosome reorganization and transient changes in the concentration of the cations could modulate PARP2 activity and the DNA damage response. Significance Statement PARP2 recognizes and binds DNA damage sites, recruits the repair enzymes to these sites and facilitates formation of the repair complex. Zn 2+ -induced structural reorganization of nucleosomal DNA in the complex with PARP2, which is reported in the paper, could modulate the DNA damage response. The obtained data indicate the existence of specific binding sites of Mg 2+ and Zn 2+ ions in and/or near the catalytic domain of PARP2, which modulate strongly, differently and ion-specifically PARylation activity of PARP2, which is important for maintaining genome stability, adaptation of cells to stress, regulation of gene expression and antioxidant defense.
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Miranda P, Mirisis AA, Kukushkin NV, Carew TJ. Pattern detection in the TGFβ cascade controls the induction of long-term synaptic plasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300595120. [PMID: 37748056 PMCID: PMC10556637 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300595120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is required for long-term memory (LTM) for sensitization in Aplysia. When LTM is induced using a two-trial training protocol, TGFβ inhibition only blocks LTM when administrated at the second, not the first trial. Here, we show that TGFβ acts as a "repetition detector" during the induction of two-trial LTM. Secretion of the biologically inert TGFβ proligand must coincide with its proteolytic activation by the Bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1/Tolloid) metalloprotease, which occurs specifically during trial two of our two-trial training paradigm. This paradigm establishes long-term synaptic facilitation (LTF), the cellular correlate of LTM. BMP-1 application paired with a single serotonin (5HT) pulse induced LTF, whereas neither a single 5HT pulse nor BMP-1 alone effectively did so. On the other hand, inhibition of endogenous BMP-1 activity blocked the induction of two-trial LTF. These results suggest a unique role for TGFβ in the interaction of repeated trials: during learning, repeated stimuli engage separate steps of the TGFβ cascade that together are necessary for the induction of long-lasting memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Miranda
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | | | - Nikolay V. Kukushkin
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY10003
- Liberal Studies, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Thomas J. Carew
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY10003
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Dorward AM, Stewart AJ, Pitt SJ. The role of Zn2+ in shaping intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in the heart. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213206. [PMID: 37326614 PMCID: PMC10276528 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that Zn2+ acts as a second messenger capable of transducing extracellular stimuli into intracellular signaling events. The importance of Zn2+ as a signaling molecule in cardiovascular functioning is gaining traction. In the heart, Zn2+ plays important roles in excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, excitation-transcription coupling, and cardiac ventricular morphogenesis. Zn2+ homeostasis in cardiac tissue is tightly regulated through the action of a combination of transporters, buffers, and sensors. Zn2+ mishandling is a common feature of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the precise mechanisms controlling the intracellular distribution of Zn2+ and its variations during normal cardiac function and during pathological conditions are not fully understood. In this review, we consider the major pathways by which the concentration of intracellular Zn2+ is regulated in the heart, the role of Zn2+ in EC coupling, and discuss how Zn2+ dyshomeostasis resulting from altered expression levels and efficacy of Zn2+ regulatory proteins are key drivers in the progression of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Dorward
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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11
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Naeemi SM, Aminzadeh S, Sari S, Nemati F, Naseroleslami M. In vitro and in silico characterization of a novel glutamate carboxypeptidase from Cohnella sp. A01. Biochimie 2023; 207:83-95. [PMID: 36493965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase is a bacterial enzyme of metallopeptidase superfamily. This enzyme is an exo-peptidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamate residues at the C-terminus of folic acid. The rCP302 is a novel zinc ion-dependent recombinant glutamate carboxypeptidase derived from a thermophilic bacterium, Cohnella sp. A01 (PTCC No: 1921). By simulating the structure of rCP302, analyzing its activity in various environmental settings, and contrasting it with that of related enzymes, we wanted to evaluate the heterologous production, purification, and characterization of this enzyme. The bioinformatics study showed that rCP302 had maximum similarity to M20 family of metallopeptidases. The purified rCP302 molecular weight was about 41.6 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for the catalytic activity of rCP302 were 50 °C and 7.2, respectively. Fluorescence spectroscopy data elucidated the secondary structure of rCP302 and determined conformational changes caused by alterations in ambient conditions. Using folate as a substrate, Km and specific activity values were calculated as 0.108 μM and 687 μmol/min/mg, respectively. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited when EDTA sequestered zinc ions. The half-life of this enzyme at 30 °C was 2012 min. Regarding the ability of rCP302 to degrade folic acid, and its long half-life at 37 °C, the normal temperature of many mammals, this enzyme can be introduced for further study for use in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Naeemi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soyar Sari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Nemati
- Department of Biotechnoligy, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Åsberg A, Felic A, Løfblad L, Aune MW, Hov GG. Calprotectin in EDTA blood as a measure of blood neutrophils. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2022; 82:601-603. [PMID: 36300736 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2022.2137690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Åsberg
- Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Amela Felic
- Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lena Løfblad
- Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Gunhild Garmo Hov
- Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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13
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Altintas DM, Gallo S, Basilico C, Cerqua M, Bocedi A, Vitacolonna A, Botti O, Casanova E, Rancati I, Milanese C, Notari S, Gambardella G, Ricci G, Mastroberardino PG, Boccaccio C, Crepaldi T, Comoglio PM. The PSI Domain of the MET Oncogene Encodes a Functional Disulfide Isomerase Essential for the Maturation of the Receptor Precursor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012427. [PMID: 36293286 PMCID: PMC9604360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor encoded by the MET oncogene has been extensively studied. Surprisingly, one extracellular domain, PSI, evolutionary conserved between plexins, semaphorins, and integrins, has no established function. The MET PSI sequence contains two CXXC motifs, usually found in protein disulfide isomerases (PDI). Using a scrambled oxidized RNAse enzymatic activity assay in vitro, we show, for the first time, that the MET extracellular domain displays disulfide isomerase activity, abolished by PSI domain antibodies. PSI domain deletion or mutations of CXXC sites to AXXA or SXXS result in a significant impairment of the cleavage of the MET 175 kDa precursor protein, abolishing the maturation of α and β chains, of, respectively, 50 kDa and 145 kDa, disulfide-linked. The uncleaved precursor is stuck in the Golgi apparatus and, interestingly, is constitutively phosphorylated. However, no signal transduction is observed as measured by AKT and MAPK phosphorylation. Consequently, biological responses to the MET ligand—hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)—such as growth and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, are hampered. These data show that the MET PSI domain is functional and is required for the maturation, surface expression, and biological functions of the MET oncogenic protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogus Murat Altintas
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.A.); (P.M.C.)
| | - Simona Gallo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Marina Cerqua
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annapia Vitacolonna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Orsola Botti
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Casanova
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rancati
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanese
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Notari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gambardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Mastroberardino
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Carla Boccaccio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Crepaldi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Comoglio
- IFOM, FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.A.); (P.M.C.)
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14
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Crystal Structure of the Human Copper Chaperone ATOX1 Bound to Zinc Ion. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101494. [PMID: 36291703 PMCID: PMC9599288 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability of copper (Cu) in human cells may depend on a complex interplay with zinc (Zn) ions. We investigated the ability of the Zn ion to target the human Cu-chaperone Atox1, a small cytosolic protein capable of anchoring Cu(I), by a conserved surface-exposed Cys-X-X-Cys (CXXC) motif, and deliver it to Cu-transporting ATPases in the trans-Golgi network. The crystal structure of Atox1 loaded with Zn displays the metal ion bridging the CXXC motifs of two Atox1 molecules in a homodimer. The identity and location of the Zn ion were confirmed through the anomalous scattering of the metal by collecting X-ray diffraction data near the Zn K-edge. Furthermore, soaking experiments of the Zn-loaded Atox1 crystals with a strong chelating agent, such as EDTA, caused only limited removal of the metal ion from the tetrahedral coordination cage, suggesting a potential role of Atox1 in Zn metabolism and, more generally, that Cu and Zn transport mechanisms could be interlocked in human cells.
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15
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Arif A, Bailey S, Izumi N, Anzelon TA, Ozata DM, Andersson C, Gainetdinov I, MacRae IJ, Tomari Y, Zamore PD. GTSF1 accelerates target RNA cleavage by PIWI-clade Argonaute proteins. Nature 2022; 608:618-625. [PMID: 35772669 PMCID: PMC9385479 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Argonaute proteins use nucleic acid guides to find and bind specific DNA or RNA target sequences. Argonaute proteins have diverse biological functions and many retain their ancestral endoribonuclease activity, cleaving the phosphodiester bond between target nucleotides t10 and t11. In animals, the PIWI proteins-a specialized class of Argonaute proteins-use 21-35 nucleotide PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) to direct transposon silencing, protect the germline genome, and regulate gene expression during gametogenesis1. The piRNA pathway is required for fertility in one or both sexes of nearly all animals. Both piRNA production and function require RNA cleavage catalysed by PIWI proteins. Spermatogenesis in mice and other placental mammals requires three distinct, developmentally regulated PIWI proteins: MIWI (PIWIL1), MILI (PIWIL2) and MIWI22-4 (PIWIL4). The piRNA-guided endoribonuclease activities of MIWI and MILI are essential for the production of functional sperm5,6. piRNA-directed silencing in mice and insects also requires GTSF1, a PIWI-associated protein of unknown function7-12. Here we report that GTSF1 potentiates the weak, intrinsic, piRNA-directed RNA cleavage activities of PIWI proteins, transforming them into efficient endoribonucleases. GTSF1 is thus an example of an auxiliary protein that potentiates the catalytic activity of an Argonaute protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amena Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Beam Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shannon Bailey
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Natsuko Izumi
- Laboratory of RNA Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Todd A Anzelon
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deniz M Ozata
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Andersson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ildar Gainetdinov
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ian J MacRae
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yukihide Tomari
- Laboratory of RNA Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Phillip D Zamore
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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16
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An SPR-based method for Hill coefficient measurements: the case of insulin-degrading enzyme. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4793-4802. [PMID: 35577931 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a highly conserved zinc metallopeptidase and is capable to catalytically cleave several substrates besides insulin, playing a pivotal role in several different biochemical pathways. Although its mechanism of action has been widely investigated, many conundrums still remain, hindering the possibility to rationally design specific modulators which could have important therapeutical applications in several diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. In this scenario, we have developed a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method which allows for directly measuring the enzyme cooperativity for the binding of insulin in the presence of different IDE activity modulators: carnosine, ATP, and EDTA. Results indicate that both positive and negative modulations of the IDE activity can be correlated to an increase and a decrease of the measured Hill coefficient, respectively, giving a new insight into the IDE activity mechanism. The use of the IDE R767A mutant for which oligomerization is hindered confirmed that the positive allosteric modulation of IDE by carnosine is due to a change in the enzyme oligomeric state occurring also for the enzyme immobilized on the gold SPR chip.
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17
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Abstract
The natural function of many proteins depends on their ability to switch their conformation driven by environmental changes. In this work, we present a small, monomeric β-sheet peptide that switches between a molten globule and a folded state through Zn(II) binding. The solvent-exposed hydrophobic core on the β-sheet surface was substituted by a His3-site, whereas the internal hydrophobic core was left intact. Zn(II) is specifically recognized by the peptide relative to other divalent metal ions, binds in the lower micromolar range, and can be removed and re-added without denaturation of the peptide. In addition, the peptide is fully pH-switchable, has a pKa of about 6, and survives several cycles of acidification and neutralization. In-depth structural characterization of the switch was achieved by concerted application of circular dichroism (CD) and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Thus, this study represents a viable approach toward a globular β-sheet Zn(II) mini-receptor prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Lam Pham
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Kovermann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Franziska Thomas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Gallique M, Wei K, Maisuria VB, Okshevsky M, McKay G, Nguyen D, Tufenkji N. Cranberry-Derived Proanthocyanidins Potentiate β-Lactam Antibiotics against Resistant Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e00127-21. [PMID: 33712420 PMCID: PMC8117774 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00127-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), or variant low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) pose a major threat to our ability to treat bacterial infection using β-lactam antibiotics. Although combinations of β-lactamase inhibitors with β-lactam agents have been clinically successful, there are no MBL inhibitors in current therapeutic use. Furthermore, recent clinical use of new-generation cephalosporins targeting PBP2a, an altered PBP, has led to the emergence of resistance to these antimicrobial agents. Previous work shows that natural polyphenols such as cranberry-extracted proanthocyanidins (cPAC) can potentiate non-β-lactam antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria. This study extends beyond previous work by investigating the in vitro effect of cPAC in overcoming ESBL-, MBL-, and PBP2a-mediated β-lactam resistance. The results show that cPAC exhibit variable potentiation of different β-lactams against β-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates as well as ESBL- and MBL-producing E. coli We also discovered that cPAC have broad-spectrum inhibitory properties in vitro on the activity of different classes of β-lactamases, including CTX-M3 ESBL and IMP-1 MBL. Furthermore, we observe that cPAC selectively potentiate oxacillin and carbenicillin against methicillin-resistant but not methicillin-sensitive staphylococci, suggesting that cPAC also interfere with PBP2a-mediated resistance. This study motivates the need for future work to identify the most bioactive compounds in cPAC and to evaluate their antibiotic-potentiating efficacy in vivoIMPORTANCE The emergence of β-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci compromises the effectiveness of β-lactam-based therapy. By acquisition of ESBLs, MBLs, or PBPs, it is highly likely that bacteria may become completely resistant to the most effective β-lactam agents in the near future. In this study, we described a natural extract rich in proanthocyanidins which exerts adjuvant properties by interfering with two different resistance mechanisms. By their broad-spectrum inhibitory ability, cranberry-extracted proanthocyanidins could have the potential to enhance the effectiveness of existing β-lactam agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gallique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kuan Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vimal B Maisuria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mira Okshevsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geoffrey McKay
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dao Nguyen
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Zinc in the Brain: Friend or Foe? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238941. [PMID: 33255662 PMCID: PMC7728061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a trace metal ion in the central nervous system that plays important biological roles, such as in catalysis, structure, and regulation. It contributes to antioxidant function and the proper functioning of the immune system. In view of these characteristics of zinc, it plays an important role in neurophysiology, which leads to cell growth and cell proliferation. However, after brain disease, excessively released and accumulated zinc ions cause neurotoxic damage to postsynaptic neurons. On the other hand, zinc deficiency induces degeneration and cognitive decline disorders, such as increased neuronal death and decreased learning and memory. Given the importance of balance in this context, zinc is a biological component that plays an important physiological role in the central nervous system, but a pathophysiological role in major neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the multiple roles of zinc in the brain.
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20
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Zahn S, Kubatova N, Pyper DJ, Cassidy L, Saxena K, Tholey A, Schwalbe H, Soppa J. Biological functions, genetic and biochemical characterization, and NMR structure determination of the small zinc finger protein HVO_2753 from
Haloferax volcanii. FEBS J 2020; 288:2042-2062. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zahn
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences Goethe‐University Frankfurt Germany
| | - Nina Kubatova
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Dennis J. Pyper
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Liam Cassidy
- Systematic Proteome Research & Bioanalytics Institute for Experimental Medicine Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Krishna Saxena
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Andreas Tholey
- Systematic Proteome Research & Bioanalytics Institute for Experimental Medicine Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Goethe‐University Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Jörg Soppa
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences Goethe‐University Frankfurt Germany
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt am Main Germany
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21
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Chaudhry SA, Serrata M, Tomczak L, Higgins S, Ryu J, Laprise D, Enjyoji K, Bekendam R, Kaushik V, Flaumenhaft R, Bendapudi PK. Cationic zinc is required for factor XII recruitment and activation by stimulated platelets and for thrombus formation in vivo. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:2318-2328. [PMID: 32542960 PMCID: PMC8147875 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although divalent zinc (Zn2+ ) is known to bind factor (F)XII and affect its sensitivity to autoactivation, little is known about the role of Zn2+ in the binding of FXII to platelets, where FXII activation is thought to occur in vivo, and the function of Zn2+ during thrombus formation following vascular injury remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of Zn2+ in platelet-dependent FXIIa generation. METHODS FXII binding to platelets and FXII activation by stimulated platelets were assessed using flow cytometry and a platelet-dependent thrombin generation assay. The mouse cremaster laser injury model was used to evaluate the impact of Zn2+ chelation on thrombus formation in vivo. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that stimulated platelets support FXII-dependent thrombin generation and that FXII activation by platelets requires the presence of Zn2+ . By contrast, thrombin generation by stimulated endothelial cells occurred independently of FXII and Zn2+ . Using flow cytometry, we found that FXII-fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate binds to the surfaces of stimulated platelets in a specific and Zn2+ -dependent manner, whereas resting platelets demonstrated minimal binding. Other physiologically-relevant divalent cations are unable to support this interaction. Consistent with these findings, the Zn2+ -specific chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid calcium disodium salt confers thromboprotection in the mouse cremaster laser injury model without causing increased bleeding. We observed an identical phenotype in FXII null mice tested in the same system. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a novel role for Zn2+ in the binding and activation of FXII at the platelet surface, an interaction that appears crucial to FXII-dependent thrombin generation but dispensable for hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharjeel A. Chaudhry
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Matthew Serrata
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Lindsay Tomczak
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Higgins
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Justine Ryu
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Dylan Laprise
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Keiichi Enjyoji
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Roelof Bekendam
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Virendar Kaushik
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pavan K. Bendapudi
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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22
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Sorenson AE, Schaeffer PM. A new bivalent fluorescent fusion protein for differential Cu(II) and Zn(II) ion detection in aqueous solution. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1101:120-128. [PMID: 32029102 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Simple and easy to engineer metal-sensing molecules that are capable of differentiating metal ions and producing metal-specific signals are highly desirable. Metal ions affect the thermal stability of proteins by increasing or decreasing their resistance to unfolding. This work illustrates a new strategy for designing bivalent fluorescent fusion proteins capable of differentiating metal ions in solution through their distinct effects on a protein's thermal stability. A new dual purpose metal sensor was developed consisting of biotin protein ligase (BirA) from B. pseudomallei (Bp) fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). When coupled with differential scanning fluorimetry of GFP-tagged proteins (DSF-GTP) for signal-transduction detection, Bp BirA-GFP yields distinct protein unfolding signatures with Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions. The limit of detection of the system is ∼1 μM for both metal species. The system can be used in a variety of high-throughput assay formats including for the screening of metal-binding proteins and chelators. Bp BirA-GFP has also the additional benefit of being useful in Cu(II) ion field-testing applications through simple visual observation of a temperature-dependent loss of fluorescence. Bp BirA-GFP is the first example of a 2protein-based dual purpose Cu(II) and Zn(II) ion sensor compatible with two different yet complementary signal-transduction detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Sorenson
- Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - P M Schaeffer
- Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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23
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Hameed DS, Sapmaz A, Burggraaff L, Amore A, Slingerland CJ, Westen GJP, Ovaa H. Development of Ubiquitin‐Based Probe for Metalloprotease Deubiquitinases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharjath S. Hameed
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Aysegul Sapmaz
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Lindsey Burggraaff
- Drug Discovery and Safety Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Amore
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Slingerland
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. P. Westen
- Drug Discovery and Safety Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
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24
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Hameed DS, Sapmaz A, Burggraaff L, Amore A, Slingerland CJ, Westen GJP, Ovaa H. Development of Ubiquitin‐Based Probe for Metalloprotease Deubiquitinases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14477-14482. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharjath S. Hameed
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Aysegul Sapmaz
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Lindsey Burggraaff
- Drug Discovery and Safety Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Amore
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Slingerland
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. P. Westen
- Drug Discovery and Safety Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Department of Cell Biology II The Netherlands Cancer Institute Plesmanlaan 121 1066 CX Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical Center Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
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25
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Kim MS, Cho KH, Park KH, Jang J, Hahn JS. Activation of Haa1 and War1 transcription factors by differential binding of weak acid anions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:1211-1224. [PMID: 30476185 PMCID: PMC6379682 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Haa1 and War1 transcription factors are involved in cellular adaptation against hydrophilic weak acids and lipophilic weak acids, respectively. However, it is unclear how these transcription factors are differentially activated depending on the identity of the weak acid. Using a field-effect transistor (FET)-type biosensor based on carbon nanofibers, in the present study we demonstrate that Haa1 and War1 directly bind to various weak acid anions with different affinities. Haa1 is most sensitive to acetate, followed by lactate, whereas War1 is most sensitive to benzoate, followed by sorbate, reflecting their differential activation during weak acid stresses. We show that DNA binding by Haa1 is induced in the presence of acetic acid and that the N-terminal Zn-binding domain is essential for this activity. Acetate binds to the N-terminal 150-residue region, and the transcriptional activation domain is located between amino acid residues 230 and 483. Our data suggest that acetate binding converts an inactive Haa1 to the active form, which is capable of DNA binding and transcriptional activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Sup Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Institute of Chemical Processes, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Institute of Chemical Processes, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Institute of Chemical Processes, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Institute of Chemical Processes, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Hahn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Institute of Chemical Processes, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Qi Z, Liu KJ. The interaction of zinc and the blood-brain barrier under physiological and ischemic conditions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 364:114-119. [PMID: 30594689 PMCID: PMC6331270 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is the second most abundant metal in human and serves as an essential trace element in the body. During the past decades, zinc has been found to play important roles in central nervous system, such as the development of neurons and synaptic activities. An imbalance of zinc is associated with brain diseases. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the microenvironment, regulating the balance of zinc in the brain. A compromised BBB is the main cause of severe complications in cerebral ischemic patients, such as hemorrhage transformation, inflammation and edema. Recent studies reported that zinc in the brain may be a potential target for integrative protection against ischemic brain injury. Although zinc has long been regarded as important transmitters in central nervous system, the critical role of zinc dyshomeostasis in damage to the BBB has not been fully recognized. In this review, we summarize the role of the BBB in regulating homeostasis of zinc in physiological conditions and the effects of changes in zinc levels on the permeability of the BBB in cerebral ischemia. The integrity of BBB maintains the homeostasis of zinc in pathological conditions, while the balance of zinc in the brain and the circulation maintains the normal function of the BBB. Interrupting the zinc/BBB system will disturb the microenvironment in the brain, leading to pathological diseases. In stroke patients, zinc may serve as a potential target for protecting the BBB and reducing hemorrhage transformation, inflammation and edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Qi
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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27
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Ghasemzadeh MS, Akhlaghinia B. C–P bond construction catalyzed by NiII immobilized on aminated Fe3O4@TiO2 yolk–shell NPs functionalized by (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (Fe3O4@TiO2 YS-GLYMO-UNNiII) in green media. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00352e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, versatile and novel method for the C–P cross-coupling reaction with a high yield of products using Fe3O4@TiO2YS-GLYMO-UNNiII as a magnetic nanostructured catalyst in the presence of WERSA was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - Batool Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
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28
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Challenges in the Structural-Functional Characterization of Multidomain, Partially Disordered Proteins CBP and p300: Preparing Native Proteins and Developing Nanobody Tools. Methods Enzymol 2018; 611:607-675. [PMID: 30471702 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The structural and functional characterization of large multidomain signaling proteins containing long disordered linker regions represents special methodological and conceptual challenges. These proteins show extreme structural heterogeneity and have complex posttranslational modification patterns, due to which traditional structural biology techniques provide results that are often difficult to interpret. As demonstrated through the example of two such multidomain proteins, CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its paralogue, p300, even the expression and purification of such proteins are compromised by their extreme proteolytic sensitivity and structural heterogeneity. In this chapter, we describe the effective expression of CBP and p300 in a eukaryotic host, Sf9 insect cells, followed by their tandem affinity purification based on two terminal tags to ensure their structural integrity. The major focus of this chapter is on the development of novel accessory tools, single-domain camelid antibodies (nanobodies), for structural-functional characterization. Specific nanobodies against full-length CBP and p300 can specifically target their different regions and can be used for their marking, labeling, and structural stabilization in a broad range of in vitro and in vivo studies. Here, we describe four high-affinity nanobodies binding to the KIX and the HAT domains, either mimicking known interacting partners or revealing new functionally relevant conformations. As immunization of llamas results in nanobody libraries with a great sequence variation, deep sequencing and interaction analysis with different regions of the proteins provide a novel approach toward developing a panel of specific nanobodies.
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29
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Resolution V fractional factorial design for screening of factors affecting weakly basic drugs liposomal systems. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 119:249-258. [PMID: 29689287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate factors affecting weakly basic drugs liposomal systems. Resolution V fractional factorial design (2V5-1) is used as an example of screening designs that would better be used as a wise step before proceeding with detailed factors effects or optimization studies. Five factors probable to affect liposomal systems of weakly basic drugs were investigated using Amisulpride as a model drug. Factors studied were; A: Preparation technique B: Phosphatidyl choline (PhC) amount (mg) C: Cholesterol: PhC molar ratio, D: Hydration volume (ml) and E: Sonication type. Levels investigated were; Ammonium sulphate-pH gradient technique or Transmembrane zinc chelation-pH gradient technique, 200 or 400 mg, 0 or 0.5, 10 or 20 ml and bath or probe sonication for A, B, C, D and E respectively. Responses measured were Particle size (PS) (nm), Zeta potential (ZP) (mV) and Entrapment efficiency percent (EE%). Ion selective electrode was used as a novel method for measuring unentrapped drug concentration and calculating entrapment efficiency without the need for liposomal separation. Factors mainly affecting the studied responses were Cholesterol: PhC ratio and hydration volume for PS, preparation technique for ZP and preparation technique and hydration volume for EE%. The applied 2V5-1 design enabled the use of only 16 trial combinations for screening the influence of five factors on weakly basic drugs liposomal systems. This clarifies the value of the use of screening experiments before extensive investigation of certain factors in detailed optimization studies.
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30
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Zarei Z, Akhlaghinia B. ZnII doped and immobilized on functionalized magnetic hydrotalcite (Fe3O4/HT-SMTU-ZnII): a novel, green and magnetically recyclable bifunctional nanocatalyst for the one-pot multi-component synthesis of acridinediones under solvent-free conditions. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the catalytic activity of a novel synthesized Fe3O4/HT-SMTU-ZnII nanocatalyst, in the green and efficient synthesis of acridinediones, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zarei
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - B. Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
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31
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Chowdhury T, Sarkar M, Chaudhuri B, Chattopadhyay B, Halder UC. Participatory role of zinc in structural and functional characterization of bioremediase: a unique thermostable microbial silica leaching protein. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:791-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Guo L, Chen Y, He T, Qi F, Liu G, Fu Y, Rao C, Wang J, Luo Y. Nuclear-translocated endostatin downregulates hypoxia inducible factor-1α activation through interfering with Zn(II) homeostasis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3473-80. [PMID: 25607980 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) is key in tumor progression and aggressiveness as it regulates a series of genes involved in angiogenesis and anaerobic metabolism. Previous studies have shown that the transcriptional levels of HIF‑1α may be downregulated by endostatin. However, the molecular mechanism by which endostatin represses HIF‑1α expression remains unknown. The current study investigated the mechanism by which nuclear‑translocated endostatin suppresses HIF‑1α activation by disrupting Zn(II) homeostasis. Endostatin was observed to downregulate HIF‑1α expression at mRNA and protein levels. Blockage of endostatin nuclear translocation by RNA interference of importin α1/β1 or ectopic expression of NLS‑deficient mutant nucleolin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells co‑transfected with small interfering (si)‑nucleolin siRNA compromises endostatin‑reduced HIF‑1α expression. Nuclear‑translocated apo‑endostatin, but not holo‑endostatin, significantly disrupts the interaction between CBP/p300 and HIF‑1α by disturbing Zn(II) homeostasis, which leads to the transcriptional inactivation of HIF‑1α. The results reveal mechanistic insights into the method by which nuclear‑translocated endostatin downregulates HIF‑1α activation and provides a novel way to investigate the function of endostatin in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Ting He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Guanghua Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Yan Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Rao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti‑Tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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33
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Lee A, Karcz A, Akman R, Zheng T, Kwon S, Chou ST, Sucayan S, Tricoli LJ, Hustedt JM, Leng Q, Kahn JD, Mixson AJ, Seog J. Direct Observation of Dynamic Mechanical Regulation of DNA Condensation by Environmental Stimuli. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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34
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Lee A, Karcz A, Akman R, Zheng T, Kwon S, Chou ST, Sucayan S, Tricoli LJ, Hustedt JM, Leng Q, Kahn JD, Mixson AJ, Seog J. Direct observation of dynamic mechanical regulation of DNA condensation by environmental stimuli. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10631-5. [PMID: 25146232 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery is a promising way to treat hereditary diseases and cancer; however, there is little understanding of DNA:carrier complex mechanical properties, which may be critical for the protection and release of nucleic acids. We applied optical tweezers to directly measure single-molecule mechanical properties of DNA condensed using 19-mer poly-L-lysine (PLL) or branched histidine-lysine (HK) peptides. Force-extension profiles indicate that both carriers condense DNA actively, showing force plateaus during stretching and relaxation cycles. As the environment such as carrier concentration, pH, and the presence of zinc ions changes, DNA:HK complexes showed dynamically regulated mechanical properties at multiple force levels. The fundamental knowledge from this study can be applied to design a mechanically tailored complex which may enhance transfection efficiency by controlling the stability of the complex temporally and spatially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lee
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 (USA)
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35
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36
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Springer CL, Huntoon HP, Peersen OB. Polyprotein context regulates the activity of poliovirus 2CATPase bound to bilayer nanodiscs. J Virol 2013; 87:5994-6004. [PMID: 23514879 PMCID: PMC3648184 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03491-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive-strand RNA viruses generally replicate in large membrane-associated complexes. For poliovirus, these replication complexes are anchored to the membrane via the viral 2B, 2C, and 3A proteins. 2C is an AAA+ family ATPase that plays a key role in host cell membrane rearrangement, is a putative helicase, and is implicated in virion assembly and packaging. However, the membrane-binding characteristics of all of these viral proteins have made it difficult to elucidate their exact roles in virus replication. We show here that small lipid bilayers known as nanodiscs can be used to chaperone the in vitro expression of soluble poliovirus 2C, 2BC, and 2BC3AB polyproteins in a membrane-bound form. ATPase assays on these proteins show that the activity of the core 2C domain is stimulated ~0-fold compared to the larger 2BC3AB polyprotein, with most of this stimulation occurring upon removal of 2B. The proteins are active over a wide range of salt concentrations, exhibit slight lipid headgroup dependence, and show significant stimulation by acetate. Our data lead to a model wherein the replication complex can be assembled with a minimally active form of 2C that then becomes fully activated by proteolytic cleavage from the adjacent 2B viroporin domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Springer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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37
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Blindauer CA. Lessons on the critical interplay between zinc binding and protein structure and dynamics. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 121:145-55. [PMID: 23376625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is one of the most important micronutrients for virtually all living organisms, and hence, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms for its homeostasis. Besides proteins involved in transmembrane transport, both extra- and intracellular zinc-binding proteins play important roles in the respective metabolic networks. Important examples for extracellular zinc transporters are mammalian serum albumins, and for intracellular zinc handling, certain metallothioneins are of relevance. The availability of protein structures including relevant metal binding sites is a fundamental prerequisite to decipher the mechanisms that govern zinc binding dynamics in these proteins, but their determination can prove to be surprisingly challenging. Due to the spectroscopic silence of Zn(2+), combinations of biophysical techniques including electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and multinuclear NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, coupled with site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modelling have proven to be valuable approaches to understand not only the zinc-binding properties of metallothioneins and albumins, but also the influence of other physiologically relevant competing agents. These studies have demonstrated why the bacterial metallothionein SmtA contains a site inert towards exchange with Cd(2+), why the plant metallothionein EC from wheat is partially unfolded in the presence of Cd(2+), and how fatty acids impact on the zinc-binding ability of mammalian serum albumins.
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38
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Song N, Ding Y, Zhuo W, He T, Fu Z, Chen Y, Song X, Fu Y, Luo Y. The nuclear translocation of endostatin is mediated by its receptor nucleolin in endothelial cells. Angiogenesis 2012; 15:697-711. [PMID: 22711211 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endostatin, the C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, is a potent anti-angiogenic factor that significantly modulates the gene expression pattern in endothelial cells. Upon cell surface binding, endostatin can not only function extracellularly, but also translocate to the nucleus within minutes. However, the mechanism by which this occurs is partially understood. Here we systematically investigated the nuclear translocation mechanism of endostatin. By chemical inhibition and RNA interference, we firstly observed that clathrin-mediated endocytosis, but not caveolae-dependent endocytosis or macropinocytosis, is essential for the nuclear translocation of endostatin. We then indentified that nucleolin and integrin α5β1, two widely accepted endostatin receptors, mediate this clathrin-dependent uptake process, which also involves urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). Either mutagenesis study, fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay, or fluorescence cell imaging demonstrates that nucleolin and integrin α5β1 interact with uPAR simultaneously upon endostatin stimulation. Blockade of uPAR decreases not only the interaction between nucleolin and integrin α5β1, but also the uptake process, suggesting that the nucleolin/uPAR/integrin α5β1 complex facilitates the internalization of endostatin. After endocytosis, nucleolin further regulates the nuclear transport of endostatin. RNA interference and mutational analysis revealed that the nuclear translocation of endostatin involves the association of nucleolin with importin α1β1 via the nuclear localization sequence. Taken together, this study reveals the pathway by which endostatin translocates to the nucleus and the importance of nucleolin in this process, providing a new perspective for the functional investigation of the nuclear-translocated endostatin in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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39
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Zip14 expression induced by lipopolysaccharides in macrophages attenuates inflammatory response. Inflamm Res 2012; 62:133-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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40
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Kim Y, Kim SH, Ferracane D, Katzenellenbogen JA, Schroeder CM. Specific labeling of zinc finger proteins using noncanonical amino acids and copper-free click chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1891-901. [PMID: 22871171 DOI: 10.1021/bc300262h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) play a key role in transcriptional regulation and serve as invaluable tools for gene modification and genetic engineering. Development of efficient strategies for labeling metalloproteins such as ZFPs is essential for understanding and controlling biological processes. In this work, we engineered ZFPs containing cysteine-histidine (Cys2-His2) motifs by metabolic incorporation of the unnatural amino acid azidohomoalanine (AHA), followed by specific protein labeling via click chemistry. We show that cyclooctyne promoted [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition with azides, known as copper-free click chemistry, provides rapid and specific labeling of ZFPs at high yields as determined by mass spectrometry analysis. We observe that the DNA-binding activity of ZFPs labeled by conventional copper-mediated click chemistry was completely abolished, whereas ZFPs labeled by copper-free click chemistry retain their sequence-specific DNA-binding activity under native conditions, as determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, protein microarrays, and kinetic binding assays based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Our work provides a general framework to label metalloproteins such as ZFPs by metabolic incorporation of unnatural amino acids followed by copper-free click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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41
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Naika GS, Tiku PK. Influence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the structural stability of endoglucanase from Aspergillus aculeatus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7341-5. [PMID: 21651310 DOI: 10.1021/jf103889m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the structure and function of endoglucanase is studied. In the presence of 2 mM EDTA, endoglucanase showed an enhanced enzymatic activity of 1.5-fold compared to control. No further change in activity was observed with increase in the concentration of EDTA to 5 mM. The K(m) values for control and in the presence of EDTA are 0.060 and 0.044%, respectively, and K(cat) was 1.9 min(-1) in the presence of EDTA. The kinetic parameters indicated a decrease in the K(m) with an increase in the K(cat). Far-ultraviolet circular dichroism (far-UV-CD) results showed a 20% decrease in ellipticity values at 217 nm in the presence of EDTA compared to native enzyme. The apparent T(m) shifted from a control value of 57 ± 1 to 76 ± 1 °C in the presence of EDTA (5 mM). The above results suggested that the enhanced activity in the presence of EDTA is due to an increase in the K(cat) and flexible conformation of the enzyme. The stability of endoglucanase increased in the presence of EDTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendra S Naika
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India
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Comparative analysis of RNA/protein dynamics for the arginine-rich-binding motif and zinc-finger-binding motif proteins encoded by HIV-1. Biophys J 2011; 99:3454-62. [PMID: 21081095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a comparative study in which a single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer approach was used to examine how the binding of two families of HIV-1 viral proteins to viral RNA hairpins locally changes the RNA secondary structures. The single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer results indicate that the zinc finger protein (nucleocapsid) locally melts the TAR RNA and RRE-IIB RNA hairpins, whereas arginine-rich motif proteins (Tat and Rev) may strengthen the hairpin structures through specific binding interactions. Competition experiments show that Tat and Rev can effectively inhibit the nucleocapsid-chaperoned annealing of complementary DNA oligonucleotides to the TAR and RRE-IIB RNA hairpins, respectively. The competition binding data presented here suggest that the specific nucleic acid binding interactions of Tat and Rev can effectively compete with the general nucleic acid binding/chaperone functions of the nucleocapsid protein, and thus may in principle help regulate critical events during the HIV life cycle.
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43
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Osmond MJ, McCall MJ. Zinc oxide nanoparticles in modern sunscreens: an analysis of potential exposure and hazard. Nanotoxicology 2010; 4:15-41. [PMID: 20795900 DOI: 10.3109/17435390903502028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sunscreens containing metal oxide nanoparticles appear transparent on the skin and provide excellent protection against sunburn caused by UV radiation. While it is likely that nanoparticles remain on the surface of the skin of healthy adult humans, and thus are considered safe for use in sunscreens, there has been no comprehensive assessment of the impact on human health from exposure to the metal oxide nanoparticles destined for use in sunscreens, either in the workplace during the manufacturing process, in long-term use across a range of skin conditions, or upon release into the broader environment, either accidentally or consequent of normal sunscreen use. In this review, we focus on zinc oxide nanoparticles destined for use in modern sunscreens, and discuss the potential for human exposure and the health hazard at each stage of their manufacture and use. We highlight where there is a need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Osmond
- CSIRO Future Manufacturing Flagship, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
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44
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Electrophoretic mobility shift assay of zinc finger proteins: competition for Zn(2+) bound to Sp1 in protocols including EDTA. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 105:569-76. [PMID: 21396899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) offers a principal method to detect specific DNA-protein interactions. As commonly conducted, the reaction and electrophoresis running buffers contain large concentrations of EDTA. EDTA has large affinity for Zn(2+) and readily competes with zinc finger peptides for Zn(2+) resulting in protein unfolding. Nevertheless, EMSA is routinely used to detect zinc finger protein-DNA adducts. This paper examines the chemistry that permits the detection of zinc finger-DNA complexes in the presence of EDTA, using Zn(3)-Sp1 and a cognate DNA binding site, GC1. Twice as much adduct was detected when the reaction was conducted in the absence than in the presence of EDTA. The observation of Zn-Sp1-GC1 was shown to depend on three properties: the inertness of Zn-Sp1-GC1 to reaction with EDTA and the comparatively similar rates of reaction of EDTA and GC1 with Zn(3)-Sp1 under the conditions of the assay that permit some Zn(3)-Sp1-GC1 to form. Inquiring about the mechanism of stabilization of Zn(3)-Sp1 by GC1, EDTA readily reacted with Zn(3)-Sp1 bound to a non-specific DNA, (polydI-dC). Two structurally similar but oppositely charged chelators, nitrilotriacetate (NTA) and tris-(2-ethylaminoethyl) amine (TREN), that react with free Zn(3)-Sp1 failed to compete for zinc bound in the Zn(3)-Sp1-GC-1 adduct. On the basis of these, other results indicated that the stability of Zn(3)-Sp1-GC-1 has a thermodynamic, not a kinetic origin. It is concluded that the observation of zinc finger proteins in the EMSA rests on a fortuitous set of chemical properties that may vary depending on the structures involved.
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Andrade J, Cablewski T, Condie G, Haylock D, Meagher L, Riches A, Tarasova A, Werkmeister J, White J, Winkler D. Zinc is not required for activity of TPO agonists acting at the c-Mpl receptor transmembrane domain. ACS Chem Biol 2010; 5:741-5. [PMID: 20536264 DOI: 10.1021/cb100100u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecules that mimic the cytokine thrombopoietin that act by an atypical mechanism of binding to a receptor transmembrane (TM) domain are widely understood to require zinc for their biological activity. We investigated potent thrombopoietin mimetics from three chemical classes including the recently registered drug Eltrombopag, which operate via this novel mechanism, to determine whether zinc is essential for inducing cell proliferation. Using addition of zinc and a potent metal chelator, we show that the existing paradigm is incorrect and the compounds exhibit excellent thrombopoietin-mimetic activity even in the presence of high concentrations of EDTA. The implications of these findings for the mechanism of action are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Andrade
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
- The Australian Stem Cell Centre, PO Box 8002, Monash University LPO, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Teresa Cablewski
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Glenn Condie
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - David Haylock
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
- The Australian Stem Cell Centre, PO Box 8002, Monash University LPO, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Laurence Meagher
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew Riches
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Anna Tarasova
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome Werkmeister
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - Jacinta White
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
| | - David Winkler
- CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bag 10, Clayton South, Vic 3169, Australia
- CRC for Polymers, Redwood Drive, Notting Hill, Vic 3168, Australia
- Monash Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville 3052, Australia
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46
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Lai C, Wu M, Li P, Shi C, Tian C, Zang J. Solution NMR characterization of Sgf73(1-104) indicates that Zn ion is required to stabilize zinc finger motif. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 397:436-40. [PMID: 20510875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger motif contains a zinc ion coordinated by several conserved amino acid residues. Yeast Sgf73 protein was identified as a component of SAGA (Spt/Ada/Gcn5 acetyltransferase) multi-subunit complex and Sgf73 protein was known to contain two zinc finger motifs. Sgf73(1-104), containing the first zinc finger motif, was necessary to modulate the deubiquitinase activity of SAGA complex. Here, Sgf73(1-104) was over-expressed using bacterial expression system and purified for solution NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) structural studies. Secondary structure and site-specific relaxation analysis of Sgf73(1-104) were achieved after solution NMR backbone assignment. Solution NMR and circular dichroism analysis of Sgf73(1-104) after zinc ion removal using chelation reagent EDTA (ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid) demonstrated that zinc ion was required to maintain stable conformation of the zinc finger motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Lai
- National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
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Zhang Y, Bharadwaj U, Logsdon CD, Chen C, Yao Q, Li M. ZIP4 regulates pancreatic cancer cell growth by activating IL-6/STAT3 pathway through zinc finger transcription factor CREB. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:1423-30. [PMID: 20160059 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent studies indicate a strong correlation of zinc transporter ZIP4 and pancreatic cancer progression; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We have recently found that ZIP4 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathway through which ZIP4 regulates pancreatic cancer growth. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of cyclin D1, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in pancreatic cancer xenografts and cells were examined by real-time PCR, Bio-Plex cytokine assay, and Western blot, respectively. The activity of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is examined by a promoter activity assay. RESULTS Cyclin D1 was significantly increased in the ZIP4 overexpressing MIA PaCa-2 cells (MIA-ZIP4)-injected orthotopic xenografts and was downregulated in the ZIP4-silenced ASPC-1 (ASPC-shZIP4) group. The phosphorylation of STAT3, an upstream activator of cyclin D1, was increased in MIA-ZIP4 cells and decreased in ASPC-shZIP4 cells. IL-6, a known upstream activator for STAT3, was also found to be significantly increased in the MIA-ZIP4 cells and xenografts and decreased in the ASPC-shZIP4 group. Overexpression of ZIP4 led to a 75% increase of IL-6 promoter activity and caused increased phosphorylation of CREB. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggest that ZIP4 overexpression causes increased IL-6 transcription through CREB, which in turn activates STAT3 and leads to increased cyclin D1 expression, resulting in increased cell proliferation and tumor progression in pancreatic cancer. These results elucidated a novel pathway in ZIP4-mediated pancreatic cancer growth and suggest new therapeutic targets, including ZIP4, IL-6, and STAT3, in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Michael E DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Molecular Surgeon Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Qualley DF, Stewart-Maynard KM, Wang F, Mitra M, Gorelick RJ, Rouzina I, Williams MC, Musier-Forsyth K. C-terminal domain modulates the nucleic acid chaperone activity of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein via an electrostatic mechanism. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:295-307. [PMID: 19887455 PMCID: PMC2804176 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.051334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroviral nucleocapsid (NC) proteins are molecular chaperones that facilitate nucleic acid (NA) remodeling events critical in viral replication processes such as reverse transcription. Surprisingly, the NC protein from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an extremely poor NA chaperone. Using bulk and single molecule methods, we find that removal of the anionic C-terminal domain (CTD) of HTLV-1 NC results in a protein with chaperone properties comparable with that of other retroviral NCs. Increasing the ionic strength of the solution also improves the chaperone activity of full-length HTLV-1 NC. To determine how the CTD negatively modulates the chaperone activity of HTLV-1 NC, we quantified the thermodynamics and kinetics of wild-type and mutant HTLV-1 NC/NA interactions. The wild-type protein exhibits very slow dissociation kinetics, and removal of the CTD or mutations that eliminate acidic residues dramatically increase the protein/DNA interaction kinetics. Taken together, these results suggest that the anionic CTD interacts with the cationic N-terminal domain intramolecularly when HTLV-1 NC is not bound to nucleic acids, and similar interactions occur between neighboring molecules when NC is NA-bound. The intramolecular N-terminal domain-CTD attraction slows down the association of the HTLV-1 NC with NA, whereas the intermolecular interaction leads to multimerization of HTLV-1 NC on the NA. The latter inhibits both NA/NC aggregation and rapid protein dissociation from single-stranded DNA. These features make HTLV-1 NC a poor NA chaperone, despite its robust duplex destabilizing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic F. Qualley
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Retrovirus Research, and Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | | | - Fei Wang
- the Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Mithun Mitra
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Retrovirus Research, and Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Robert J. Gorelick
- the AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Ioulia Rouzina
- the Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Mark C. Williams
- the Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, and
| | - Karin Musier-Forsyth
- From the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Retrovirus Research, and Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Belloni-Olivi L, Marshall C, Laal B, Andrews GK, Bressler J. Localization of zip1 and zip4 mRNA in the adult rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:3221-30. [PMID: 19530166 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The localization of two members of the Slc39a (zip1 and zip4) family of zinc transporters was examined in the brains of adult mice. Zip1 was highly enriched in brain regions with high densities of neuronal cell bodies, including the hippocampus, thalamus, and perifontal cortex. Zip1 was also expressed in commissural fiber tracts such as the corpus callosum and anterior commissure, but little was found in the internal and external capsules. Also, very low amounts of zip1 mRNA were detected in resting astrocytes and reactive astrocytes that were examined at 14 days after inflicting a stab wound. Zip1 mRNA was detected in ependymal cells lining the third and lateral ventricles and epithelium cells in the choroid plexus. Interestingly, zip4 mRNA was detected in the choroid plexus but not in the ependymal cells or other neural elements. Zip4 mRNA was also detected in brain capillaries, but zip1 mRNA was not. In zip4 knockout heterozygotes that express green fluorescent protein regulated by the zip4 promoter, green fluorescent protein was detected in brain capillaries. Because zip4 levels are regulated by dietary Zn, our studies suggest that the brain has the potential of adapting to changes in Zn status.
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Dual role of Zn2+ in maintaining structural integrity and suppressing deacetylase activity of SIRT1. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 104:180-5. [PMID: 19923004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Zn(2+) directly participates in catalysis of histone deacetylase (HDAC) Classes I, II, IV enzymes while its role in HDAC Class III activity is not well established. Herein we investigated the effects of Zn(2+) on the deacetylase activity of sirtuin 1 (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1, SIRT1). We found that the inherent Zn(2+) at the zinc-finger motif of SIRT1 is essential for the structural integrity and the deacetylase activity of SIRT1, whereas the exogenous Zn(2+) strongly inhibits the deacetylase activity with an IC(50) of 0.82muM for Zn(Gly)(2). SIRT1 activity suppressed by the exogenous Zn(2+) can be fully recovered by the metal chelator EDTA but not by the activator resveratrol. We also identified Zn(2+) as a noncompetitive inhibitor for the substrates of NAD(+) and the acetyl peptide P53-AMC. The 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence titration experiments and site-directed mutagenesis study suggested that the exogenous Zn(2+) binds to SIRT1 but not at the zinc-finger motif. These results indicate that Zn(2+) plays a dual role in SIRT1 activity. Inherent Zn(2+) at the zinc-finger motif is structurally related and essential for SIRT1 activity. On the other hand, Zn(2+) may also bind to another site different from the zinc-finger motif or the binding sites for the substrates or resveratrol and act as a potent inhibitor of SIRT1.
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