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Lin M, Zhong Y, Zhou D, Guan B, Hu B, Wang P, Liu F. Proximal tubule cells in blood and urine as potential biomarkers for kidney disease biopsy. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16499. [PMID: 38077419 PMCID: PMC10710128 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing kidney disease, yet there remains a need to further explore pathological mechanisms and develop minimally invasive diagnostic methods. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to assess the cellular heterogeneity of kidney diseases. We analyzed gene expression profiles from renal tissue, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and urine of four patients with nephritis. Our findings identified 12 distinct cell subsets in renal tissues and leukocytes. These subsets encompassed fibroblast cells, mesangial cells, epithelial cells, proximal tubule cells (PTCs), and six immune cell types: CD8+ T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, B cells, and neutrophils. Interestingly, PTCs were present in both PBMCs and urine samples but absent in healthy blood samples. Furthermore, several populations of fibroblast cells, mesangial cells, and PTCs exhibited pro-inflammatory or pro-apoptotic behaviors. Our gene expression analysis highlighted the critical role of inflammatory PTCs and fibroblasts in nephritis development and progression. These cells showed high expression of pro-inflammatory genes, which could have chemotactic and activating effect on neutrophils. This was substantiated by the widespread in these cells. Notably, the gene expression profiles of inflammatory PTCs in PBMCs, urine, and kidney tissues had high similarity. This suggests that PTCs in urine and PBMCs hold significant potential as alternative markers to invasive kidney biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwa Lin
- Depament of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yingxue Zhong
- Depament of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Baozhang Guan
- Depament of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Depament of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanna Liu
- Depament of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Nishihara K, van Niekerk J, Innes D, He Z, Cánovas A, Guan LL, Steele M. Transcriptome profiling revealed that key rumen epithelium functions change in relation to short-chain fatty acids and rumen epithelium-attached microbiota during the weaning transition. Genomics 2023; 115:110664. [PMID: 37286013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to characterize the functional changes of the rumen epithelium associated with ruminal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration and epithelium-attached microbes during the weaning transition in dairy calves. Ruminal SCFA concentrations were determined, and transcriptome and microbiota profiling in biopsied rumen papillae were obtained from Holstein calves before and after weaning using RNA- and amplicon sequencing. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that pathways related to SCFA metabolism and cell apoptosis were up- and down-regulated postweaning, respectively. Functional analysis showed that genes related to SCFA absorption, metabolism, and protective roles against oxidative stress were positively correlated with ruminal SCFA concentrations. The relative abundance of epithelium-attached Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group and Campylobacter was positively correlated with genes involved in SCFA absorption and metabolism, suggesting that these microbes can cooperatively affect host functions. Future research should examine the contribution of attenuated apoptosis on rumen epithelial functional shifts during the weaning transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nishihara
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada
| | - Jolet van Niekerk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - David Innes
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Angela Cánovas
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Michael Steele
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 1Y2, Canada.
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Mazari AMA, Zhang L, Ye ZW, Zhang J, Tew KD, Townsend DM. The Multifaceted Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:688. [PMID: 37189435 PMCID: PMC10136111 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, the cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) family of proteins is encoded by 16 genes presented in seven different classes. GSTs exhibit remarkable structural similarity with some overlapping functionalities. As a primary function, GSTs play a putative role in Phase II metabolism by protecting living cells against a wide variety of toxic molecules by conjugating them with the tripeptide glutathione. This conjugation reaction is extended to forming redox sensitive post-translational modifications on proteins: S-glutathionylation. Apart from these catalytic functions, specific GSTs are involved in the regulation of stress-induced signaling pathways that govern cell proliferation and apoptosis. Recently, studies on the effects of GST genetic polymorphisms on COVID-19 disease development revealed that the individuals with higher numbers of risk-associated genotypes showed higher risk of COVID-19 prevalence and severity. Furthermore, overexpression of GSTs in many tumors is frequently associated with drug resistance phenotypes. These functional properties make these proteins promising targets for therapeutics, and a number of GST inhibitors have progressed in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslam M. A. Mazari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President Street, DDB410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President Street, DDB410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President Street, DDB410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President Street, DDB410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kenneth D. Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President Street, DDB410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Danyelle M. Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 274 Calhoun Street, MSC141, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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4
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Rooney MR, Chen J, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Walker KA, Schlosser P, Surapaneni A, Tang O, Chen J, Ballantyne CM, Boerwinkle E, Ndumele CE, Demmer RT, Pankow JS, Lutsey PL, Wagenknecht LE, Liang Y, Sim X, van Dam R, Tai ES, Grams ME, Selvin E, Coresh J. Proteomic Predictors of Incident Diabetes: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Diabetes Care 2023; 46:733-741. [PMID: 36706097 PMCID: PMC10090896 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The plasma proteome preceding diabetes can improve our understanding of diabetes pathogenesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 8,923 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants (aged 47-70 years, 57% women, 19% Black), we conducted discovery and internal validation for associations of 4,955 plasma proteins with incident diabetes. We externally validated results in the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (MEC) nested case-control (624 case subjects, 1,214 control subjects). We used Cox regression to discover and validate protein associations and risk-prediction models (elastic net regression with cardiometabolic risk factors and proteins) for incident diabetes. We conducted a pathway analysis and examined causality using genetic instruments. RESULTS There were 2,147 new diabetes cases over a median of 19 years. In the discovery sample (n = 6,010), 140 proteins were associated with incident diabetes after adjustment for 11 risk factors (P < 10-5). Internal validation (n = 2,913) showed 64 of the 140 proteins remained significant (P < 0.05/140). Of the 63 available proteins, 47 (75%) were validated in MEC. Novel associations with diabetes were found for 22 the 47 proteins. Prediction models (27 proteins selected by elastic net) developed in discovery had a C statistic of 0.731 in internal validation, with ΔC statistic of 0.011 (P = 0.04) beyond 13 risk factors, including fasting glucose and HbA1c. Inflammation and lipid metabolism pathways were overrepresented among the diabetes-associated proteins. Genetic instrument analyses suggested plasma SHBG, ATP1B2, and GSTA1 play causal roles in diabetes risk. CONCLUSIONS We identified 47 plasma proteins predictive of incident diabetes, established causal effects for 3 proteins, and identified diabetes-associated inflammation and lipid pathways with potential implications for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R. Rooney
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Aditya Surapaneni
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Olive Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Pamela L. Lutsey
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lynne E. Wagenknecht
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Yujian Liang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob van Dam
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC
| | - E. Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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5
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Choi YJ, Shin MJ, Youn GS, Park JH, Yeo HJ, Yeo EJ, Kwon HJ, Lee LR, Kim NY, Kwon SY, Jung HY, Cho YJ, Kim DW, Park J, Han KH, Lee KW, Park JK, Lee CH, Eum WS, Choi SY. Protective Effects of PEP-1-GSTA2 Protein in Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Damage Induced by Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032767. [PMID: 36769090 PMCID: PMC9917430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase alpha 2 (GSTA2), a member of the glutathione S-transferase family, plays the role of cellular detoxification against oxidative stress. Although oxidative stress is related to ischemic injury, the role of GSTA2 against ischemia has not been elucidated. Thus, we studied whether GSTA2 prevents ischemic injury by using the PEP-1-GSTA2 protein which has a cell-permeable protein transduction domain. We revealed that cell-permeable PEP-1-GSTA2 transduced into HT-22 cells and markedly protected cell death via the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage induced by oxidative stress. Additionally, transduced PEP-1-GSTA2 promoted mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation. Furthermore, PEP-1-GSTA2 regulated Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved Caspase-3 and -9 expression protein levels. An in vivo ischemic animal model, PEP-1-GSTA2, markedly prevented the loss of hippocampal neurons and reduced the activation of microglia and astrocytes. These findings indicate that PEP-1-GSTA2 suppresses hippocampal cell death by regulating the MAPK and apoptotic signaling pathways. Therefore, we suggest that PEP-1-GSTA2 will help to develop the therapies for oxidative-stress-induced ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Soo Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee Re Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Wook Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.E.); (S.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-33-248-2112 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.); Fax: +82-33-248-3202 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.)
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (W.S.E.); (S.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-33-248-2112 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.); Fax: +82-33-248-3202 (W.S.E. & S.Y.C.)
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Russell TM, Richardson DR. The good Samaritan glutathione-S-transferase P1: An evolving relationship in nitric oxide metabolism mediated by the direct interactions between multiple effector molecules. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102568. [PMID: 36563536 PMCID: PMC9800640 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are phase II detoxification isozymes that conjugate glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotics and also suppress redox stress. It was suggested that GSTs have evolved not to enhance their GSH affinity, but to better interact with and metabolize cytotoxic nitric oxide (NO). The interactions between NO and GSTs involve their ability to bind and store NO as dinitrosyl-dithiol iron complexes (DNICs) within cells. Additionally, the association of GSTP1 with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) results in its inhibition. The function of NO in vasodilation together with studies associating GSTM1 or GSTT1 null genotypes with preeclampsia, additionally suggests an intriguing connection between NO and GSTs. Furthermore, suppression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity occurs upon increased levels of GSTP1 or NO that decreases transcription of JNK target genes such as c-Jun and c-Fos, which inhibit apoptosis. This latter effect is mediated by the direct association of GSTs with MAPK proteins. GSTP1 can also inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling through its interactions with IKKβ and Iκα, resulting in decreased iNOS expression and the stimulation of apoptosis. It can be suggested that the inhibitory activity of GSTP1 within the JNK and NF-κB pathways may be involved in crosstalk between survival and apoptosis pathways and modulating NO-mediated ROS generation. These studies highlight an innovative role of GSTs in NO metabolism through their interaction with multiple effector proteins, with GSTP1 functioning as a "good Samaritan" within each pathway to promote favorable cellular conditions and NO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M. Russell
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Des R. Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, 4111, Australia,Corresponding author. Centre for Cancer Cell Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, 4111, Queensland, Australia.
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Rahman MA, Shuvo AA, Bepari AK, Hasan Apu M, Shill MC, Hossain M, Uddin M, Islam MR, Bakshi MK, Hasan J, Rahman A, Rahman GMS, Reza HM. Curcumin improves D-galactose and normal-aging associated memory impairment in mice: In vivo and in silico-based studies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270123. [PMID: 35767571 PMCID: PMC9242463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced memory impairment is closely associated with oxidative stress. D-Galactose (D-gal) evokes severe oxidative stress and mimics normal aging in animals. Curcumin, a natural flavonoid, has potent antioxidant and anti-aging properties. There are several proteins like glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1), glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), beta-secretase 1 (BACE1), and amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A (MAOA) are commonly involved in oxidative stress and aging. This study aimed to investigate the interaction of curcumin to these proteins and their subsequent effect on aging-associated memory impairment in two robust animal models: D-Gal and normal aged (NA) mice. The aging mice model was developed by administering D-gal intraperitoneally (i.p). Mice (n = 64) were divided into the eight groups (8 mice in each group): Vehicle, Curcumin-Control, D-gal (100mg/kg; i.p), Curcumin + D-gal, Astaxanthin (Ast) + D-gal, Normal Aged (NA), Curcumin (30mg/kg Orally) + NA, Ast (20mg/kg Orally) + NA. Retention and freezing memories were assessed by passive avoidance (PA) and contextual fear conditioning (CFC). Molecular docking was performed to predict curcumin binding with potential molecular targets. Curcumin significantly increased retention time (p < 0.05) and freezing response (p < 0.05) in PA and CFC, respectively. Curcumin profoundly ameliorated the levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, advanced oxidation protein products, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation in mice hippocampi. In silico studies revealed favorable binding energies of curcumin with GSTA1, GSTO1, KEAP1, BACE1, and MAOA. Curcumin improves retention and freezing memory in D-gal and nature-induced aging mice. Curcumin ameliorates the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in mice. Anti-aging effects of curcumin could be attributed to, at least partially, the upregulation of antioxidant enzymes through binding with GSTA1, GSTO1, KEAP1, and inhibition of oxidative damage through binding with BACE1 and MAOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Science Center (TTUHSC), Amarillo, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MAR); (HMR)
| | - Arif Anzum Shuvo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asim Kumar Bepari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan Apu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Murad Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Uddin
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
- Cellular Intelligence (Ci) Lab, GenomeArc Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monjurul Kader Bakshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Javed Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (MAR); (HMR)
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8
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DDAH1 Protects against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Hepatoxicity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050880. [PMID: 35624743 PMCID: PMC9137993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In many developed countries, acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced acute liver injury is a significant therapeutic problem. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is a critical enzyme for asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) metabolism. Growing evidence suggests that liver dysfunction is associated with increased plasma ADMA levels and reduced hepatic DDAH1 activity/expression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of DDAH1 in APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity using Ddah1-/- and DDAH1 transgenic mice. After APAP challenge, Ddah1-/- mice developed more severe liver injury than wild type (WT) mice, which was associated with a greater induction of fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell apoptosis and phosphorylation of JNK. In contrast, overexpression of DDAH1 attenuated APAP-induced liver injury. RNA-seq analysis showed that DDAH1 affects xenobiotic metabolism and glutathione metabolism pathways in APAP-treated livers. Furthermore, we found that DDAH1 knockdown aggravated APAP-induced cell death, oxidative stress, phosphorylation of JNK and p65, upregulation of CYP2E1 and downregulation of GSTA1 in HepG2 cells. Collectively, our data suggested that DDAH1 has a marked protective effect against APAP-induced liver oxidative stress, inflammation and injury. Strategies to increase hepatic DDAH1 expression/activity may be novel approaches for drug-induced acute liver injury therapy.
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9
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Coric V, Milosevic I, Djukic T, Bukumiric Z, Savic-Radojevic A, Matic M, Jerotic D, Todorovic N, Asanin M, Ercegovac M, Ranin J, Stevanovic G, Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Simic T. GSTP1 and GSTM3 Variant Alleles Affect Susceptibility and Severity of COVID-19. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:747493. [PMID: 34988113 PMCID: PMC8721193 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.747493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the premise that oxidative stress plays an important role in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we speculated that variations in the antioxidant activities of different members of the glutathione S-transferase family of enzymes might modulate individual susceptibility towards development of clinical manifestations in COVID-19. The distribution of polymorphisms in cytosolic glutathione S-transferases GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTP1 (rs1695 and rs1138272), and GSTT1 were assessed in 207 COVID-19 patients and 252 matched healthy individuals, emphasizing their individual and cumulative effect in disease development and severity. GST polymorphisms were determined by appropriate PCR methods. Among six GST polymorphisms analyzed in this study, GSTP1 rs1695 and GSTM3 were found to be associated with COVID-19. Indeed, the data obtained showed that individuals carrying variant GSTP1-Val allele exhibit lower odds of COVID-19 development (p = 0.002), contrary to carriers of variant GSTM3-CC genotype which have higher odds for COVID-19 (p = 0.024). Moreover, combined GSTP1 (rs1138272 and rs1695) and GSTM3 genotype exhibited cumulative risk regarding both COVID-19 occurrence and COVID-19 severity (p = 0.001 and p = 0.025, respectively). Further studies are needed to clarify the exact roles of specific glutathione S-transferases once the SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated in the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Coric
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Milosevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Djukic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Bukumiric
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Matic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djurdja Jerotic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Todorovic
- Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milika Asanin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Ercegovac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Cardiology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan Ranin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Stevanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Li X, Lü Z, Wang C, Li K, Xu F, Xu P, Niu Y. Induction of Apoptosis in Cancer Cells by Glutathione Transferase Inhibitor Mediated Hydrophobic Tagging Molecules. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:720-725. [PMID: 34055217 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormally high expression of glutathione transferases is closely associated with cancer incidence and drug resistance. By introducing a hydrophobic moiety to the inhibitor structure, we organized a series of degraders of glutathione transferases and demonstrated them potently inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, presenting their pharmacological potential in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Zirui Lü
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Kebin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Fengrong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yan Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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11
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Mlakar V, Curtis PHD, Armengol M, Ythier V, Dupanloup I, Hassine KB, Lesne L, Murr R, Mlakar SJ, Nava T, Ansari M. The analysis of GSTA1 promoter genetic and functional diversity of human populations. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5038. [PMID: 33658540 PMCID: PMC7930039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
GSTA1 encodes a member of a family of enzymes that function to add glutathione to target electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress. GSTA1 has several functional SNPs within its promoter region that are responsible for a change in its expression by altering promoter function. This study aims to investigate distributions of GSTA1 promoter haplotypes across different human populations and to assess their impact on the expression of GSTA1. PHASE 2.1.1 was used to infer haplotypes and diplotypes of six GSTA1 promoter SNPs on 2501 individuals from 26 populations classified by the 1000 Genomes Project into five super-populations that included Africa (N = 660), America (N = 347), East Asia (N = 504), Europe (N = 502), and South Asia (N = 488). We used pairwise FST analysis to compare sub-populations and luciferase reporter assay (LRA) to evaluate the impact of each SNP on activation of transcription and interaction with other SNPs. The distributions of GSTA1 promoter haplotypes and diplotypes were significantly different among the different human populations. Three new promoter haplotypes were found in the African super-population. LRA demonstrated that SNPs at -52 and -69 has the most impact on GSTA1 expression, however other SNPs have a significant impact on transcriptional activity. Based on LRA, a new model of cis-elements interaction is presented. Due to the significant differences in GSTA1 diplotype population frequencies, future pharmacogenomics or disease-related studies would benefit from the inclusion of the complete GSTA1 promoter haplotype based on the newly proposed metabolic grouping derived from the LRA results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Huezo-Diaz Curtis
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Armengol
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Victor Ythier
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Khalil Ben Hassine
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Lesne
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rabih Murr
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tiago Nava
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ansari
- Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Adolescents, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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12
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Zhang J, Ye ZW, Janssen-Heininger Y, Townsend DM, Tew KD. Development of Telintra as an Inhibitor of Glutathione S-Transferase P. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 264:71-91. [PMID: 32767141 PMCID: PMC8963531 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP) is a component of a complex series of pathways that provide cellular redox homeostasis. It is an abundant protein in certain tumors and is over-expressed in cancer drug resistance. It has diverse cellular functions that include, thiolase activities with small electrophilic agents or susceptible cysteine residues on the protein to mediate S-glutathionylation, and chaperone binding with select protein kinases. Preclinical and clinical testing of a nanomolar inhibitor of GSTP, TLK199 (Telintra; Ezatiostat) has indicated a role for the enzyme in hematopoiesis and utility for the drug in the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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13
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Abstract
Drug metabolizing enzymes catalyze the biotransformation of many of drugs and chemicals. The drug metabolizing enzymes are distributed among several evolutionary families and catalyze a range of detoxication reactions, including oxidation/reduction, conjugative, and hydrolytic reactions that serve to detoxify potentially toxic compounds. This detoxication function requires that drug metabolizing enzymes exhibit substrate promiscuity. In addition to their catalytic functions, many drug metabolizing enzymes possess functions unrelated to or in addition to catalysis. Such proteins are termed 'moonlighting proteins' and are defined as proteins with multiple biochemical or biophysical functions that reside in a single protein. This review discusses the diverse moonlighting functions of drug metabolizing enzymes and the roles they play in physiological functions relating to reproduction, vision, cell signaling, cancer, and transport. Further research will likely reveal new examples of moonlighting functions of drug metabolizing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - M W Anders
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Singewald K, Bogetti X, Sinha K, Rule GS, Saxena S. Double Histidine Based EPR Measurements at Physiological Temperatures Permit Site‐Specific Elucidation of Hidden Dynamics in Enzymes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23040-23044. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Singewald
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Xiaowei Bogetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Kaustubh Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Gordon S Rule
- Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Sunil Saxena
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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15
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Singewald K, Bogetti X, Sinha K, Rule GS, Saxena S. Double Histidine Based EPR Measurements at Physiological Temperatures Permit Site‐Specific Elucidation of Hidden Dynamics in Enzymes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Singewald
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Xiaowei Bogetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Kaustubh Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Gordon S Rule
- Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Sunil Saxena
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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16
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Sathiyanathan P, Samsonraj RM, Tan CLL, Ling L, Lezhava A, Nurcombe V, Stanton LW, Cool SM. A genomic biomarker that identifies human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high scalability. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1124-1136. [PMID: 32510174 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although the application of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to repair damaged or diseased tissues has proven relatively effective, both the donor-to-donor variability in ex vivo expansion rates and the maintenance of stemness remain a bottleneck to widespread translation. Previous work from this laboratory stratified donors into those yielding hMSCs with high- or low-growth capacity; global transcriptomic analysis revealed that high-growth-capacity hMSCs were characterized by a loss of the gene encoding glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1). These GSTT1-null hMSCs demonstrated increased proliferative rates, clonogenic potential, and longer telomeres compared with low-growth capacity hMSCs that were GSTT1-positive. Thus, this study identifies GSTT1 as a novel genomic DNA biomarker for hMSC scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmapriya Sathiyanathan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Rebekah M Samsonraj
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Clarissa L L Tan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Ling Ling
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Alexander Lezhava
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Lawrence W Stanton
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Simon M Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Shi C, Hao B, Yang Y, Muhammad I, Zhang Y, Chang Y, Li Y, Li C, Li R, Liu F. JNK Signaling Pathway Mediates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity Accompanied by Changes of Glutathione S-Transferase A1 Content and Expression. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1092. [PMID: 31620005 PMCID: PMC6763582 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is an analgesic-antipyretic drug and widely used in clinics. Its overdose may cause serious liver damage. Here, we examined the mechanistic role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in liver injury induced by different doses of APAP. Male mice were treated with APAP (150 and 175 mg·kg-1), and meanwhile JNK inhibitor SP600125 was used to interfere APAP-induced liver damage. The results showed that JNK signaling pathway was activated by APAP in a dose-dependent manner. C-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor decreased JNK and c-Jun activation significantly (P < 0.01) at 175 mg·kg-1 APAP dose, and phosphorylation levels of upstream proteins of JNK were also decreased markedly (P < 0.05). In addition, serum aminotransferases activities and hepatic oxidative stress increased in a dose-dependent manner with APAP treatment, but the levels of aminotransferases and oxidative stress decreased in mice treated with JNK inhibitor, which implied that JNK inhibition ameliorated APAP-induced liver damage. It was observed that apoptosis was increased in APAP-induced liver injury, and SP600125 can attenuate apoptosis through the inhibition of JNK phosphorylation. Meanwhile, glutathione S-transferases A1 (GSTA1) content in serum was enhanced, while GSTA1 content and expression in liver reduced significantly with administration of APAP (150 and 175 mg·kg-1). After inhibiting JNK, GSTA1 content in serum decreased significantly (P < 0.01); meanwhile, GSTA1 content and expression in liver enhanced. These findings suggested that JNK signaling pathway mediated APAP-induced hepatic injury, which was accompanied by varying GSTA1 content and expression in liver and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Beili Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yicong Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Changwen Li
- Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Fangping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
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18
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Saisawang C, Wongsantichon J, Robinson RC, Ketterman AJ. Glutathione transferase Omega 1‐1 (GSTO1‐1) modulates Akt and MEK1/2 signaling in human neuroblastoma cell SH‐SY5Y. Proteins 2019; 87:588-595. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.25683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chonticha Saisawang
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesMahidol University Salaya Nakhon Pathom Thailand
| | - Jantana Wongsantichon
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
- Mahidol‐Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Robert C. Robinson
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary ScienceOkayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Albert J. Ketterman
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesMahidol University Salaya Nakhon Pathom Thailand
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19
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Glutathione Transferases: Potential Targets to Overcome Chemoresistance in Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123785. [PMID: 30487385 PMCID: PMC6321424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional enzymes glutathione transferases (GSTs) are involved in the development of chemoresistance, thus representing a promising target for a novel approach in cancer treatment. This superfamily of polymorphic enzymes exhibits extraordinary substrate promiscuity responsible for detoxification of numerous conventional chemotherapeutics, at the same time regulating signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition to upregulated GST expression, different cancer cell types have a unique GST signature, enabling targeted selectivity for isoenzyme specific inhibitors and pro-drugs. As a result of extensive research, certain GST inhibitors are already tested in clinical trials. Catalytic properties of GST isoenzymes are also exploited in bio-activation of specific pro-drugs, enabling their targeted accumulation in cancer cells with upregulated expression of the appropriate GST isoenzyme. Moreover, the latest approach to increase specificity in treatment of solid tumors is development of GST pro-drugs that are derivatives of conventional anti-cancer drugs. A future perspective is based on the design of new drugs, which would selectively target GST overexpressing cancers more prone to developing chemoresistance, while decreasing side effects in off-target cells.
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20
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Liu H, Yang Z, Zang L, Wang G, Zhou S, Jin G, Yang Z, Pan X. Downregulation of Glutathione S-transferase A1 suppressed tumor growth and induced cell apoptosis in A549 cell line. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:467-474. [PMID: 29928434 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) is a phase II detoxification enzyme and serves a crucial role in anti-cancer drug resistance. In our previous study, GSTA1 was identified to be highly expressed in various subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines compared with human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line MRC-5. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of GSTA1 expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of A549 cells. GSTA1 expression was knocked down or with overexpressed using lentivirus particles. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to assess the protein, and mRNA levels of GSTA1 in A549 cells, respectively. The effect of GSTA1 manipulation on cell proliferation and apoptosis were investigated in vitro using MTT assays, Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry, and in vivo using A549 cell line xenografts in nude mice. The results of the western blot analysis and RT-qPCR revealed that stable cell models of GSTA1 knockdown, and overexpression were established. The data of the MTT assay indicated that the downregulation of GSTA1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation compared with si-control-transfected cells. These si-GSTA1 A549 cells exhibited typical morphological changes of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation and shrunken nuclei compared with the si-control counterparts. An AnnexinV-fluorescein isothiocyanate assay verified that the downregulation of GSTA1 significantly induced cell apoptosis in vitro. In addition, overexpression of GSTA1 significantly promoted tumor growth in vivo. Accordingly, downregulation of GSTA1 suppressed tumor growth. In conclusion, GSTA1 plays an important role in regulation of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis in A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhouping Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510510, P.R. China
| | - Linquan Zang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Guixiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Sigui Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xuediao Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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21
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Wu Y, Li P, Zhang D, Sun Y. Metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy ameliorate polycystic ovary syndrome through AMPK/PI3K/JNK pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:2120-2127. [PMID: 29434814 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological endocrine disorder, which results in health problems such as menstrual disorders, hyperandrogenism and persistent anovulation. Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance are the basic characteristics of PCOS. To investigate the combined effect of metformin and pioglitazone on POCS and the potential mechanisms, a rat model of PCOS was established by intramuscular injection of estradiol valerate (EV). The effect of metformin and pioglitazone monotherapy or combination therapy in control rats and PCOS rats was evaluated, involving the testosterone level, follicular development and insulin resistance. The potential mechanism for the therapeutic effect of metformin and pioglitazone on POCS was explored through using three inhibitors of the 5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway (Compound C, Wortmannin and SP600125). The results showed that EV-induced PCOS rats demonstrated hyperandrogenemia, hyperinsulinemia and follicular dysplasia. Metformin or pioglitazone monotherapy significantly suppressed the high level of testosterone, reduced the raised percentage of cystic follicles and primary follicles, promoted the number of early antral follicles, and markedly decreased the high concentration of fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index in PCOS rats. In addition, metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy demonstrated greater efficacy than its individual components. Furthermore, individual or joint treatment with metformin and pioglitazone affected the phosphorylation level of JNK in PCOS rats. Compound C and Wortmannin eliminated the effect of metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy on improving the follicular growth in PCOS rats, whereas SP600125 treatment enhanced this combination therapy effect. These data suggested that metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy demonstrated great efficacy in ameliorating PCOS through regulating the AMPK/PI3K/JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, P.R. China
| | - Pengfen Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, P.R. China
| | - Yingpu Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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22
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Wang W, Xu ZZ, Costanzo M, Boone C, Lange CA, Myers CL. Pathway-based discovery of genetic interactions in breast cancer. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006973. [PMID: 28957314 PMCID: PMC5619706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second largest cause of cancer death among U.S. women and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic variants associated with susceptibility to breast cancer, but these still explain less than half of the estimated genetic contribution to the disease. Combinations of variants (i.e. genetic interactions) may play an important role in breast cancer susceptibility. However, due to a lack of statistical power, the current tests for genetic interactions from GWAS data mainly leverage prior knowledge to focus on small sets of genes or SNPs that are known to have an association with breast cancer. Thus, many genetic interactions, particularly among novel variants, remain understudied. Reverse-genetic interaction screens in model organisms have shown that genetic interactions frequently cluster into highly structured motifs, where members of the same pathway share similar patterns of genetic interactions. Based on this key observation, we recently developed a method called BridGE to search for such structured motifs in genetic networks derived from GWAS studies and identify pathway-level genetic interactions in human populations. We applied BridGE to six independent breast cancer cohorts and identified significant pathway-level interactions in five cohorts. Joint analysis across all five cohorts revealed a high confidence consensus set of genetic interactions with support in multiple cohorts. The discovered interactions implicated the glutathione conjugation, vitamin D receptor, purine metabolism, mitotic prometaphase, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways as major modifiers of breast cancer risk. Notably, while many of the pathways identified by BridGE show clear relevance to breast cancer, variants in these pathways had not been previously discovered by traditional single variant association tests, or single pathway enrichment analysis that does not consider SNP-SNP interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Zack Z. Xu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
- HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | | | - Charles Boone
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A. Lange
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Chad L. Myers
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
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23
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Mohana K, Achary A. Human cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases: quantitative analysis of expression, comparative analysis of structures and inhibition strategies of isozymes involved in drug resistance. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:318-337. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1343343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Mohana
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, India
| | - Anant Achary
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Research, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, India
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24
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Al-Achkar W, Moassass F, Aroutiounian R, Harutyunyan T, Liehr T, Wafa A. Effect of Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 ( GSTM1 ) gene polymorphism on chronic myeloid leukemia risk and Imatinib treatment response. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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25
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Terenina E, Fabre S, Bonnet A, Monniaux D, Robert-Granié C, SanCristobal M, Sarry J, Vignoles F, Gondret F, Monget P, Tosser-Klopp G. Differentially expressed genes and gene networks involved in pig ovarian follicular atresia. Physiol Genomics 2017; 49:67-80. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00069.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian folliculogenesis corresponds to the development of follicles leading to either ovulation or degeneration, this latter process being called atresia. Even if atresia involves apoptosis, its mechanism is not well understood. The objective of this study was to analyze global gene expression in pig granulosa cells of ovarian follicles during atresia. The transcriptome analysis was performed on a 9,216 cDNA microarray to identify gene networks and candidate genes involved in pig ovarian follicular atresia. We found 1,684 significantly regulated genes to be differentially regulated between small healthy follicles and small atretic follicles. Among them, 287 genes had a fold-change higher than two between the two follicle groups. Eleven genes ( DKK3, GADD45A, CAMTA2, CCDC80, DAPK2, ECSIT, MSMB, NUPR1, RUNX2, SAMD4A, and ZNF628) having a fold-change higher than five between groups could likely serve as markers of follicular atresia. Moreover, automatic confrontation of deregulated genes with literature data highlighted 93 genes as regulatory candidates of pig granulosa cell atresia. Among these genes known to be inhibitors of apoptosis, stimulators of apoptosis, or tumor suppressors INHBB, HNF4, CLU, different interleukins ( IL5, IL24), TNF-associated receptor ( TNFR1), and cytochrome-c oxidase ( COX) were suggested as playing an important role in porcine atresia. The present study also enlists key upstream regulators in follicle atresia based on our results and on a literature review. The novel gene candidates and gene networks identified in the current study lead to a better understanding of the molecular regulation of ovarian follicular atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Terenina
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Stephane Fabre
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Agnès Bonnet
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Danielle Monniaux
- INRA UMR 0085, CNRS UMR 7247, Université Francois Rabelais de Tours, IFCE, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Magali SanCristobal
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Julien Sarry
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Vignoles
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Gondret
- INRA, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint‐Gilles, France; and
- AgroCampus-Ouest, UMR1348 Pegase, Saint‐Gilles, France
| | - Philippe Monget
- INRA UMR 0085, CNRS UMR 7247, Université Francois Rabelais de Tours, IFCE, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
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26
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Shen Y, Zhou M, Yan J, Gong Z, Xiao Y, Zhang C, Du P, Chen Y. miR-200b inhibits TNF-α-induced IL-8 secretion and tight junction disruption of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 312:G123-G132. [PMID: 27979826 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00316.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiologies. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), containing crypt and villus enterocytes, occupy a critical position in the pathogenesis of IBDs and are a major producer of immunoregulatory cytokines and a key component of the intact epithelial barrier. Previously, we have reported that miR-200b is involved in the progression of IBDs and might maintain the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier via reducing the loss of enterocytes. In this study, we further investigated the impact of miR-200b on intestinal epithelial inflammation and tight junctions in two distinct differentiated states of Caco-2 cells after TNF-α treatment. We demonstrated that TNF-α-enhanced IL-8 expression was decreased by microRNA (miR)-200b in undifferentiated IECs. Simultaneously, miR-200b could alleviate TNF-α-induced tight junction (TJ) disruption in well-differentiated IECs by reducing the reduction in the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), inhibiting the increase in paracellular permeability, and preventing the morphological redistribution of the TJ proteins claudin 1 and ZO-1. The expression levels of the JNK/c-Jun/AP-1 and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)/phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC) pathways were attenuated in undifferentiated and differentiated enterocytes, respectively. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter gene detection system provided direct evidence that c-Jun and MLCK were the specific targets of miR-200b. Collectively, our results highlighted that miR-200b played a positive role in IECs via suppressing intestinal epithelial IL-8 secretion and attenuating TJ damage in vitro, which suggested that miR-200b might be a promising strategy for IBD therapy. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This was the first time that the inhibitory role of miR-200b on intestinal epithelial inflammation and paracellular permeability has been reported. Moreover, we further divided the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) into two differentiated conditions and investigated the distinct impacts of miR-200b. Finally, we put forward and proved that myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) was a novel target of miR-200b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junkai Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Zizhen Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yongtao Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China; and
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27
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Tumer TB, Savranoglu S, Atmaca P, Terzioglu G, Sen A, Arslan S. Modulatory role of GSTM1 null genotype on the frequency of micronuclei in pesticide-exposed agricultural workers. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:1942-1951. [PMID: 26381689 DOI: 10.1177/0748233715599876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to investigate the extent of genotoxic risk and the association between null GSTM1/GSTT1 and GSTP1 Ile105Val variants and cellular DNA damage, as measured by micronucleus (MN) assay in a group of agricultural workers from Denizli, Turkey. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 116 subjects, including 58 workers who were occupationally exposed to pesticides and 58 healthy unexposed controls. The MN frequencies of each individual were assessed by cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei assays on lymphocytes. Genotypes for different GST variants were determined using polymerase chain reaction-based methods. A significant 3.4-fold increase in MN frequency was observed in workers compared with the controls ( p < 0.001). Among the GST genotypes, only the GSTM1 null genotype was found to be significantly associated with an increased MN frequency in workers ( p = 0.01). Individuals with a concomitant null GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype demonstrated a significant ( p = 0.01) increase in MN frequency compared with those with functional isozymes in the exposed worker group. The association of the GSTM1 null genotype with higher MN frequency suggests that it may be a modifier of genotoxic risk in individuals exposed to pesticides and may thus be a candidate susceptibility biomarker for human biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Seda Savranoglu
- Graduate Program of Biology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Pelin Atmaca
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Terzioglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Alaattin Sen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Sevki Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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28
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Zhu R, Yang T, Kobeissy F, Mouhieddine TH, Raad M, Nokkari A, Gold MS, Wang KK, Mechref Y. The Effect of Chronic Methamphetamine Exposure on the Hippocampal and Olfactory Bulb Neuroproteomes of Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151034. [PMID: 27082425 PMCID: PMC4833297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, drug abuse and addiction are serious public health problems in the USA. Methamphetamine (METH) is one of the most abused drugs and is known to cause brain damage after repeated exposure. In this paper, we conducted a neuroproteomic study to evaluate METH-induced brain protein dynamics, following a two-week chronic regimen of an escalating dose of METH exposure. Proteins were extracted from rat brain hippocampal and olfactory bulb tissues and subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Both shotgun and targeted proteomic analysis were performed. Protein quantification was initially based on comparing the spectral counts between METH exposed animals and their control counterparts. Quantitative differences were further confirmed through multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) LC-MS/MS experiments. According to the quantitative results, the expression of 18 proteins (11 in the hippocampus and 7 in the olfactory bulb) underwent a significant alteration as a result of exposing rats to METH. 13 of these proteins were up-regulated after METH exposure while 5 were down-regulated. The altered proteins belonging to different structural and functional families were involved in processes such as cell death, inflammation, oxidation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Tianjiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Tarek H. Mouhieddine
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Raad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amaly Nokkari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mark S. Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Kevin K. Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YM); (KKW)
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YM); (KKW)
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29
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Cundiff JK, McConnell EJ, Lohe KJ, Maria SD, McMahon RJ, Zhang Q. Sensing Small Changes in Protein Abundance: Stimulation of Caco-2 Cells by Human Whey Proteins. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:125-43. [PMID: 26586228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic approaches have largely facilitated our systemic understanding of cellular processes and biological functions. Cutoffs in protein expression fold changes (FCs) are often arbitrarily determined in MS-based quantification with no demonstrable determination of small magnitude changes in protein expression. Therefore, many biological insights may remain veiled due to high FC cutoffs. Herein, we employ the intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line Caco-2 as a model system to demonstrate the dynamicity of tandem-mass-tag (TMT) labeling over a range of 5-40% changes in protein abundance, with the variance controls of ± 5% FC for around 95% of TMT ratios when sampling 9-12 biological replicates. We further applied this procedure to examine the temporal proteome of Caco-2 cells upon exposure to human whey proteins (WP). Pathway assessments predict subtle effects due to WP in moderating xenobiotic metabolism, promoting proliferation and various other cellular functions in differentiating enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells. This demonstration of a sensitive MS approach may open up new perspectives in the system-wide exploration of elusive or transient biological effects by facilitating scrutiny of narrow windows of proteome abundance changes. Furthermore, we anticipate this study will encourage more investigations of WP on infant gastrointestinal tract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy K Cundiff
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
| | - Elizabeth J McConnell
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
| | - Kimberly J Lohe
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
| | - Sarah D Maria
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
| | - Robert J McMahon
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Mead Johnson Nutrition, 2400 West Lloyd Expressway, Evansville, Indiana 47721, United States
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30
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Paul S, Jakhar R, Bhardwaj M, Kang SC. Glutathione-S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1-1) acts as mediator of signaling pathways involved in aflatoxin B1-induced apoptosis-autophagy crosstalk in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:1218-30. [PMID: 26561775 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic aflatoxin species and has been shown to be associated with specific as well as non-specific immune responses. In the present study, using murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells as a model, we report that short exposure (6h) to AFB1 caused an increase in the cellular calcium pool in mitochondria, which in turn elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress and led to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and ultimately c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)-mediated caspase-dependent cell death. On the contrary, longer exposure (12h) to AFB1 reduced JNK phosphorylation and cell death in macrophages. Measurement of autophagic flux demonstrated that autophagy induction through the canonical pathway was responsible for suppressing AFB1-induced apoptosis after 12h. As a detailed molecular mechanism, we found that the unfolded protein response (UPR) machinery was active at 12h post-exposure to AFB1 and induced cytoprotective autophagy as confirmed by determination of major autophagic markers. Inhibition of autophagy by Beclin-1 siRNA also resulted in JNK-mediated cell death. We further established that glutathione S transferase omega1-1 (GSTO1-1), a specific class of GST, was the responsible factor between apoptosis and autophagy crosstalk. Targeting of GSTO1-1 increased JNK-mediated apoptosis by 2-fold compared to the control, whereas autophagy rate was reduced. Thus, increased expression of GSTO1-1 was associated with increased protein glutathionylation, an important protein modification in response to cellular redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souren Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Rekha Jakhar
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Monika Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Zhang J, Grek C, Ye ZW, Manevich Y, Tew KD, Townsend DM. Pleiotropic functions of glutathione S-transferase P. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 122:143-75. [PMID: 24974181 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420117-0.00004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP) is one member of the GST superfamily that is prevalently expressed in mammals. Known to possess catalytic activity through deprotonating glutathione allowing formation of thioether bonds with electrophilic substrates, more recent discoveries have broadened our understanding of the biological roles of this protein. In addition to catalytic detoxification, other properties so far ascribed to GSTP include chaperone functions, regulation of nitric oxide pathways, regulation of a variety of kinase signaling pathways, and participation in the forward reaction of protein S-glutathionylation. The expression of GSTP has been linked with cancer and other human pathologies and more recently even with drug addiction. With respect to human health, polymorphic variants of GSTP may determine individual susceptibility to oxidative stress and/or be critical in the design and development of drugs that have used redox pathways as a discovery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Christina Grek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yefim Manevich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Professor and Chairman, Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, John C. West Chair of Cancer Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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32
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Mazzetti AP, Fiorile MC, Primavera A, Lo Bello M. Glutathione transferases and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Int 2015; 82:10-8. [PMID: 25661512 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is substantial agreement that the unbalance between oxidant and antioxidant species may affect the onset and/or the course of a number of common diseases including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Many studies suggest a crucial role for oxidative stress in the first phase of aging, or in the pathogenesis of various diseases including neurological ones. Particularly, the role exerted by glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes (Glutathione Transferases) in the nervous system appears more relevant, this latter tissue being much more vulnerable to toxins and oxidative stress than other tissues such as liver, kidney or muscle. The present review addresses the question by focusing on the results obtained by specimens from patients or by in vitro studies using cells or animal models related to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In general, there is an association between glutathione depletion and Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease. In addition, a significant decrease of glutathione transferase activity in selected areas of brain and in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid was found. For some glutathione transferase genes there is also a correlation between polymorphisms and onset/outcome of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, there is a general agreement about the protective effect exerted by glutathione and glutathione transferases but no clear answer about the mechanisms underlying this crucial role in the insurgence of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mario Lo Bello
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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33
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Pajaud J, Ribault C, Ben Mosbah I, Rauch C, Henderson C, Bellaud P, Aninat C, Loyer P, Morel F, Corlu A. Glutathione transferases P1/P2 regulate the timing of signaling pathway activations and cell cycle progression during mouse liver regeneration. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1598. [PMID: 25590808 PMCID: PMC4669760 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GST) are phase II enzymes catalyzing the detoxification of endogenous noxious compounds and xenobiotics. They also regulate phosphorylation activities of MAPKinases in a catalytic-independent manner. Previous studies have demonstrated the regulation of JNK-dependent pathway by GSTP1/2. Considering the crucial role of JNK in the early steps of the hepatocyte cell cycle, we sought to determine whether GSTP1/2 were essential for hepatocyte proliferation following partial hepatectomy (PH). Using a conventional double knockout mouse model for the Gstp1 and Gstp2 genes, we found that the lack of GSTP1/P2 reduced the rate of DNA replication and mitotic index during the first wave of hepatocyte proliferation. The lowered proliferation was associated with the decrease in TNFalpha and IL-6 plasma concentrations, reduced hepatic HGF expression and delayed and/or altered activation of STAT3, JNK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In addition, the expression and/or activation of cell cycle regulators such as Cyclin D1, CDK4, E2F1 and MCM7 was postponed demonstrating that the absence of GSTP1/2 delayed the entry into and progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle and impaired the synchrony of proliferation in hepatocytes following PH. Furthermore, while JNK and its downstream targets c-Jun and ATF2 were activated during the early steps of the liver regeneration in wild-type animals, the constitutively active JNK found in the quiescent liver of Gstp1/2 knockout mice underwent a decrease in its activity after PH. Transient induction of antioxidant enzymes and nitric oxide synthase were also delayed or repressed during the regenerative response. Altogether our results demonstrate that GSTP1/2 are a critical regulators of hepatocyte proliferation in the initial phases of liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pajaud
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - C Ribault
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - I Ben Mosbah
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - C Rauch
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - C Henderson
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - P Bellaud
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
- Plateforme Histopathologie H2P2, Biosit, Biogenouest, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - C Aninat
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - P Loyer
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - F Morel
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
| | - A Corlu
- Inserm, UMR 991, Liver, Metabolisms and Cancer, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France
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Wu H, Tang Q, Yang J, Ding J, Ye M, Dong W. Atorvastatin ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:4915-4923. [PMID: 25663988 PMCID: PMC4307435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is known to play an important role in mediating myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Some previous studies have shown that atorvastatin alleviates myocardial I/R injury in animal models, but whether attenuation of ERS-induced apoptosis contributes to this effect remains to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we sought to investigate the modulatory effect of atorvastatin on myocardial I/R-induced ERS in rats. Myocardial I/R injury was induced in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 0.5 h followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Atorvastatin was administered at different dosages (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, and 40 mg/kg) at the onset of reperfusion. The levels of the CK-MB and LDH were detected by ELISA. Myocardial ischemia and infarct size were evaluated by Evans blue and tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to investigate myocardial cell apoptosis. The expression levels of the genes encoding glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78, widely used as a marker of ERS), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12 (widely used as markers of ERS-induced apoptosis) were assessed using RT-PCR. The expression levels of the ERS proteins GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12, c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) were detected by western blot. Our results showed that atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) significantly reduced myocardial infarct size and myocardial cell apoptosis, and decreased the plasma levels of CK-MB and LDH in I/R rats. This treatment also significantly modulated mRNA and protein levels, specifically down-regulating GRP78, CHOP and caspase-12 expression along with JNK activation. These results suggest that the attenuation of ERS-induced apoptosis may be involved in the cardioprotective mechanisms of atorvastatin in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443003, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiawang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443003, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443003, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wusong Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443003, Hubei Province, China
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Davies A, Giannoudis A, Zhang JE, Austin G, Wang L, Holyoake TL, Müller MC, Foroni L, Kottaridis PD, Pirmohamed M, Clark RE. Dual glutathione-S-transferase-θ1 and -μ1 gene deletions determine imatinib failure in chronic myeloid leukemia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 96:694-703. [PMID: 25188725 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2014.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 40% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) receiving imatinib fail treatment. There is an increased risk of CML in subjects with (i) deletions of genes encoding glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-θ1 (GSTT1) and -μ1, (GSTM1) and (ii) the GST-π1 (GSTP1) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Ile105Val (GSTP1*B; rs1695); however, their effects on imatinib treatment outcome are not known. Here, we assess the role of these GSTs in relation to imatinib treatment outcome in 193 CML patients. Deletion of GSTT1 alone, or in combination with deletion of the GSTM1 gene, significantly increased the likelihood of imatinib failure (P = 0.021 and P < 0.001, respectively). The GSTP1*B SNP was not associated with time to imatinib failure. Losses of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes are therefore important determinants of imatinib failure in CML. Screening for GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene deletions during diagnosis may identify patients who may be better treated using an alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Davies
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Giannoudis
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J E Zhang
- The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - G Austin
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Wang
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T L Holyoake
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M C Müller
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - L Foroni
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - M Pirmohamed
- The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R E Clark
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Singh S. Cytoprotective and regulatory functions of glutathione S-transferases in cancer cell proliferation and cell death. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 75:1-15. [PMID: 25143300 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) family of enzymes is best known for their cytoprotective role and their involvement in the development of anticancer drug resistance. Recently, emergence of non-detoxifying properties of GSTs has provided them with significant biological importance. Addressing the complex interactions of GSTs with regulatory kinases will help in understanding its precise role in tumor pathophysiology and in designing GST-centered anticancer strategies. METHODS We reviewed all published literature addressing the detoxification and regulatory roles of GSTs in the altered biology of cancer and evaluating novel agents targeting GSTs for cancer therapy. RESULTS The role of GSTs, especially glutathione S-transferase P1 isoform in tumoral drug resistance, has been the cause of intense debate. GSTs have been demonstrated to interact with different protein partners and modulate signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. These specific functions of GSTs could lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches and to the identification of some interesting candidates for preclinical and clinical development. This review focuses on the crucial role played by GSTs in the development of resistance to anticancer agents and the major findings regarding the different modes of action of GSTs to regulate cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simendra Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, UP, India,
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Reljic Z, Zlatovic M, Savic-Radojevic A, Pekmezovic T, Djukanovic L, Matic M, Pljesa-Ercegovac M, Mimic-Oka J, Opsenica D, Simic T. Is increased susceptibility to Balkan endemic nephropathy in carriers of common GSTA1 (*A/*B) polymorphism linked with the catalytic role of GSTA1 in ochratoxin a biotransformation? Serbian case control study and in silico analysis. Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:2348-62. [PMID: 25111321 PMCID: PMC4147586 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6082348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent data suggest aristolochic acid as a putative cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), evidence also exists in favor of ochratoxin A (OTA) exposure as risk factor for the disease. The potential role of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, such as the glutathione transferases (GSTs), in OTA biotransformation is based on OTA glutathione adducts (OTHQ-SG and OTB-SG) in blood and urine of BEN patients. We aimed to analyze the association between common GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and BEN susceptibility, and thereafter performed an in silico simulation of particular GST enzymes potentially involved in OTA transformations. GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes were determined in 207 BEN patients and 138 non-BEN healthy individuals from endemic regions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Molecular modeling in silico was performed for GSTA1 protein. Among the GST polymorphisms tested, only GSTA1 was significantly associated with a higher risk of BEN. Namely, carriers of the GSTA1*B gene variant, associated with lower transcriptional activation, were at a 1.6-fold higher BEN risk than those carrying the homozygous GSTA1*A/*A genotype (OR = 1.6; p = 0.037). In in silico modeling, we found four structures, two OTB-SG and two OTHQ-SG, bound in a GSTA1 monomer. We found that GSTA1 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of BEN, and suggested, according to the in silico simulation, that GSTA1-1 might be involved in catalyzing the formation of OTHQ-SG and OTB-SG conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Reljic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Mario Zlatovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ana Savic-Radojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Ljubica Djukanovic
- Clinic of Nephrology, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Matic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasmina Mimic-Oka
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dejan Opsenica
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology, and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Hennig EE, Mikula M, Goryca K, Paziewska A, Ledwon J, Nesteruk M, Woszczynski M, Walewska-Zielecka B, Pysniak K, Ostrowski J. Extracellular matrix and cytochrome P450 gene expression can distinguish steatohepatitis from steatosis in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1762-72. [PMID: 24913135 PMCID: PMC4196652 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main questions regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the molecular background of the transition from simple steatosis (SS) to the inflammatory and fibrogenic condition of steatohepatitis (NASH). We examined the gene expression changes during progression from histologically normal liver to SS and NASH in models of obesity caused by hyperphagia or a high-fat diet. Microarray-based analysis revealed that the expression of 1445 and 264 probe sets was changed exclusively in SS and NASH samples, respectively, and 1577 probe sets were commonly altered in SS and NASH samples. Functional annotations indicated that transcriptome alterations that were common for NASH and SS, as well as exclusive for NASH, involved extracellular matrix (ECM)-related processes, although they differed in the type of matrix structure change. The expression of 80 genes was significantly changed in all three comparisons: SS versus control, NASH versus control and NASH versus SS. Of these genes, epithelial membrane protein 1, IKBKB interacting protein and decorin were progressively up-regulated in both SS and NASH compared to normal tissue. The molecular context of interactions of encoded 80 proteins revealed that they are highly interconnected and significantly enriched for processes involving metabolism by cytochrome P450. Validation of 10 selected mRNAs encoding genes related to ECM and cytochrome P450 with quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed consistent changes in their expression during NASH development. The expression profile of these genes has the potential to distinguish NASH from SS and normal tissue and may possibly be beneficial in the clinical diagnosis of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa E Hennig
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Stocco G, Pelin M, Franca R, De Iudicibus S, Cuzzoni E, Favretto D, Martelossi S, Ventura A, Decorti G. Pharmacogenetics of azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease: A role for glutathione-S-transferase? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:3534-3541. [PMID: 24707136 PMCID: PMC3974520 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i13.3534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azathioprine is a purine antimetabolite drug commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In vivo it is active after reaction with reduced glutathione (GSH) and conversion to mercaptopurine. Although this reaction may occur spontaneously, the presence of isoforms M and A of the enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) may increase its speed. Indeed, in pediatric patients with IBD, deletion of GST-M1, which determines reduced enzymatic activity, was recently associated with reduced sensitivity to azathioprine and reduced production of azathioprine active metabolites. In addition to increase the activation of azathioprine to mercaptopurine, GSTs may contribute to azathioprine effects even by modulating GSH consumption, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Therefore, genetic polymorphisms in genes for GSTs may be useful to predict response to azathioprine even if more in vitro and clinical validation studies are needed.
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40
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Zhuo R, Kosak KM, Sankar S, Wiles ET, Sun Y, Zhang J, Ayello J, Prestwich GD, Shami PJ, Cairo MS, Lessnick SL, Luo W. Targeting Glutathione S-transferase M4 in Ewing sarcoma. Front Pediatr 2014; 2:83. [PMID: 25147782 PMCID: PMC4123608 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2014.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a malignant pediatric bone and soft tissue tumor. Although the 5-year survival rate of localized disease approaches 75%, the prognosis of metastatic and/or therapy-resistant disease remains dismal despite the wide use of aggressive therapeutic strategies. We previously reported that high expression of glutathione S-transferase M4 (GSTM4) in primary tumors correlates with poor patient outcomes. GSTM4 is required for oncogenic transformation and mediates resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in Ewing sarcoma cells. Here, we performed RNA-sequencing analyses of Ewing sarcoma cells and combined our results with publicly available datasets to demonstrate that GSTM4 is a major GST specifically expressed in Ewing sarcoma. Pharmacological inhibition of GSTM4 activity using a pan GST inhibitor, 6-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-ylthio) hexanol (NBDHEX), significantly limited cellular proliferation and oncogenic transformation of Ewing sarcoma cells. Moreover, combined use of NBDHEX and etoposide synergistically increased cytotoxicity, suggesting a role for GSTM4 as an inhibitor of apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that GSTM4 limits apoptosis owing to its ability to interact with Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) and inhibit signaling via the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase axis. To exploit our observation that GSTM4 expression is specifically up-regulated in Ewing sarcoma, we tested the effect of a GSTM4-activated anti-cancer agent, O(2)-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate or JS-K, on tumor growth and survival. We found that JS-K robustly decreased Ewing sarcoma cell viability and xenograft tumor growth and improved overall survival of xenograft mice. Our data suggest that GSTM4 is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of high GSTM4-expressing Ewing sarcoma. Strategies that combine standard chemotherapy with agents that inhibit GSTM4, that are activated by GSTM4, or that block GSTM4/ASK1 interactions, can potentially be more specific and/or efficacious than standard therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupeng Zhuo
- Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Kenneth M Kosak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Savita Sankar
- Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Elizabeth T Wiles
- Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Ying Sun
- Microarray and Genomic Analysis Core Facility, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Jianxing Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Janet Ayello
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA
| | - Glenn D Prestwich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Paul J Shami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA ; Department of Medicine, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA ; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA ; Department of Pathology, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA
| | - Stephen L Lessnick
- Center for Children's Cancer Research, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA ; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT , USA
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA ; Department of Pathology, New York Medical College , Valhalla, NY , USA
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Cellular impact of combinations of endosulfan, atrazine, and chlorpyrifos on human primary hepatocytes and HepaRG cells after short and chronic exposures. Cell Biol Toxicol 2013; 30:17-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-013-9266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Du Toit LC, Govender T, Carmichael T, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Pillay V. Design of an Anti-Inflammatory Composite Nanosystem and Evaluation of Its Potential for Ocular Drug Delivery. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2780-805. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Karpusas M, Axarli I, Chiniadis L, Papakyriakou A, Bethanis K, Scopelitou K, Clonis YD, Labrou NE. The interaction of the chemotherapeutic drug chlorambucil with human glutathione transferase A1-1: kinetic and structural analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56337. [PMID: 23460799 PMCID: PMC3584069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are enzymes that contribute to cellular detoxification by catalysing the nucleophilic attack of glutathione (GSH) on the electrophilic centre of a number of xenobiotic compounds, including several chemotherapeutic drugs. In the present work we investigated the interaction of the chemotherapeutic drug chlorambucil (CBL) with human GSTA1-1 (hGSTA1-1) using kinetic analysis, protein crystallography and molecular dynamics. In the presence of GSH, CBL behaves as an efficient substrate for hGSTA1-1. The rate-limiting step of the catalytic reaction between CBL and GSH is viscosity-dependent and kinetic data suggest that product release is rate-limiting. The crystal structure of the hGSTA1-1/CBL-GSH complex was solved at 2.1 Å resolution by molecular replacement. CBL is bound at the H-site attached to the thiol group of GSH, is partially ordered and exposed to the solvent, making specific interactions with the enzyme. Molecular dynamics simulations based on the crystal structure indicated high mobility of the CBL moiety and stabilization of the C-terminal helix due to the presence of the adduct. In the absence of GSH, CBL is shown to be an alkylating irreversible inhibitor for hGSTA1-1. Inactivation of the enzyme by CBL followed a biphasic pseudo-first-order saturation kinetics with approximately 1 mol of CBL per mol of dimeric enzyme being incorporated. Structural analysis suggested that the modifying residue is Cys112 which is located at the entrance of the H-site. The results are indicative of a structural communication between the subunits on the basis of mutually exclusive modification of Cys112, indicating that the two enzyme active sites are presumably coordinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Karpusas
- Physics Laboratory, Department of Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The family of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) is part of a cellular Phase II detoxification program composed of multiple isozymes with functional human polymorphisms that have the capacity to influence individual response to drugs and environmental stresses. Catalytic activity is expressed through GST dimer-mediated thioether conjugate formation with resultant detoxification of a variety of small molecule electrophiles. RECENT ADVANCES More recent work indicates that in addition to the classic catalytic functions, specific GST isozymes have other characteristics that impact cell survival pathways in ways unrelated to detoxification. These characteristics include the following: regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases; facilitation of the addition of glutathione to cysteine residues in certain proteins (S-glutathionylation); as a novel cellular partner of the human papilloma virus-16 E7 oncoprotein playing a pivotal role in preventing cell death in infected human cells; mitogenic influence in myeloproliferative pathways; participant in the process of cocaine addiction. CRITICAL ISSUES Some of these functions have provided a platform for targeting GST with novel small molecule therapeutics, particularly in cancer where evidence of clinical applications is emerging. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Our evolving understanding of the GST superfamily and their divergent expression patterns in individuals make them attractive candidates for translational studies in a variety of human pathologies. In addition, their role in regulating cell fate in signaling and cell death pathways has opened up a significant functional complexity that extends well beyond standard detoxification reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-5050, USA.
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45
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Adnan H, Quach H, MacIntosh K, Antenos M, Kirby GM. Low levels of GSTA1 expression are required for Caco-2 cell proliferation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51739. [PMID: 23251616 PMCID: PMC3519693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The colonic epithelium continuously regenerates with transitions through various cellular phases including proliferation, differentiation and cell death via apoptosis. Human colonic adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells in culture undergo spontaneous differentiation into mature enterocytes in association with progressive increases in expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1). We hypothesize that GSTA1 plays a functional role in controlling proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in Caco-2 cells. We demonstrate increased GSTA1 levels associated with decreased proliferation and increased expression of differentiation markers alkaline phosphatase, villin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and E-cadherin in postconfluent Caco-2 cells. Results of MTS assays, BrdU incorporation and flow cytometry indicate that forced expression of GSTA1 significantly reduces cellular proliferation and siRNA-mediated down-regulation of GSTA1 significantly increases cells in S-phase and associated cell proliferation. Sodium butyrate (NaB) at a concentration of 1 mM reduces Caco-2 cell proliferation, increases differentiation and increases GSTA1 activity 4-fold by 72 hours. In contrast, 10 mM NaB causes significant toxicity in preconfluent cells via apoptosis through caspase-3 activation with reduced GSTA1 activity. However, GSTA1 down-regulation by siRNA does not alter NaB-induced differentiation or apoptosis in Caco-2 cells. While 10 mM NaB causes GSTA1-JNK complex dissociation, phosphorylation of JNK is not altered. These findings suggest that GSTA1 levels may play a role in modulating enterocyte proliferation but do not influence differentiation or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Adnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Holly Quach
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Monica Antenos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gordon M. Kirby
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Board PG, Menon D. Glutathione transferases, regulators of cellular metabolism and physiology. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012. [PMID: 23201197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytosolic glutathione transferases (GSTs) comprise a super family of proteins that can be categorized into multiple classes with a mixture of highly specific and overlapping functions. SCOPE OF REVIEW The review covers the genetics, structure and function of the human cytosolic GSTs with particular attention to their emerging roles in cellular metabolism. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS All the catalytically active GSTs contribute to the glutathione conjugation or glutathione dependant-biotransformation of xenobiotics and many catalyze glutathione peroxidase or thiol transferase reactions. GSTs also catalyze glutathione dependent isomerization reactions required for the synthesis of several prostaglandins and steroid hormones and the catabolism of tyrosine. An increasing body of work has implicated several GSTs in the regulation of cell signaling pathways mediated by stress-activated kinases like Jun N-terminal kinase. In addition, some members of the cytosolic GST family have been shown to form ion channels in intracellular membranes and to modulate ryanodine receptor Ca(2+) channels in skeletal and cardiac muscle. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In addition to their well established roles in the conjugation and biotransformation of xenobiotics, GSTs have emerged as significant regulators of pathways determining cell proliferation and survival and as regulators of ryanodine receptors that are essential for muscle function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Cellular functions of glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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47
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Delbès G, Chan D, Hales BF, Trasler JM, Robaire B. Selective induction of glutathione S-transferases in round spermatids from the Brown-Norway rat by the chemotherapeutic regimen for testicular cancer. Reprod Toxicol 2012. [PMID: 23200778 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs can affect DNA in male germ cells, thereby impacting on the integrity of the genome transmitted to offspring. Drug metabolizing enzymes can protect cells from xenobiotic insult. We analyzed the expression pattern of such enzymes in isolated round spermatids from rats exposed to drugs used to treat testicular cancer: bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). The number of isozymes expressed and the overall relative expression values were highest for the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Moreover, BEP treatment significantly increased the expression of 8 GSTs and 3 aldehyde dehydrogenases. Increased expression of GST isozymes was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Although Gst genes can be targets for epigenetic modifications, promoter DNA methylation was not affected by BEP treatment. As GSTs are involved in drug resistance mechanisms, we hypothesize that BEP induction of GST expression may lead to the survival of damaged germ cells and the production of abnormal sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Delbès
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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48
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Keune WJ, Jones DR, Bultsma Y, Sommer L, Zhou XZ, Lu KP, Divecha N. Regulation of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate signaling by Pin1 determines sensitivity to oxidative stress. Sci Signal 2012. [PMID: 23193159 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative signaling and oxidative stress contribute to aging, cancer, and diseases resulting from neurodegeneration. Pin1 is a proline isomerase that recognizes phosphorylated substrates and regulates the localization and conformation of its targets. Pin1(-/-) mice show phenotypes associated with premature aging, yet mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from these mice are resistant to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced cell death. We found that the abundance of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) was increased in response to H(2)O(2), an effect that was enhanced in Pin1(-/-) MEFs. Reduction of H(2)O(2)-induced PtdIns5P compromised cell viability in response to oxidative stress, suggesting that PtdIns5P contributed to the enhanced cell viability of Pin1(-/-) MEFs exposed to oxidative stress. The increased PtdIns5P in the Pin1(-/-) MEFs stimulated the expression of genes involved in defense against oxidative stress and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Pin1 and PtdIns5P 4-kinases (PIP4Ks), enzymes that phosphorylate and thereby reduce the amount of PtdIns5P, interacted in a manner dependent on the phosphorylation of PIP4K. Although reintroduction of Pin1 into the Pin1(-/-) MEFs reduced the amount of PtdIns5P produced in response to H(2)O(2), in vitro assays indicated that the isomerase activity of Pin1 inhibited PIP4K activity. Whether this isomerise-mediated inhibition of PIP4K occurs in cells remains an open question, but the data suggest that the regulation of PIP4K by Pin1 may be complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem-Jan Keune
- CRUK Inositide Laboratory, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
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Boušová I, Skálová L. Inhibition and induction of glutathione S-transferases by flavonoids: possible pharmacological and toxicological consequences. Drug Metab Rev 2012; 44:267-86. [PMID: 22998389 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2012.713969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many studies reviewed herein demonstrated the potency of some flavonoids to modulate the activity and/or expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Because GSTs play a crucial role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, their inhibition or induction may significantly affect metabolism and biological effects of many drugs, industrials, and environmental contaminants. The effect of flavonoids on GSTs strongly depends on flavonoid structure, concentration, period of administration, as well as on GST isoform and origin. Moreover, the results obtained in vitro are often contrary to the vivo results. Based on these facts, the revelation of important flavonoid-drug or flavonoid-pollutant interaction has been complicated. However, it should be borne in mind that ingestion of certain flavonoids in combination with drugs or pollutants (e.g., acetaminophen, simvastatin, cyclophosphamide, cisplatine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorpyrifos, acrylamide, and isocyanates), which are GST substrates, could have significant pharmacological and toxicological consequences. Although reasonable consumptions of a flavonoids-rich diet (that may lead to GST induction) are mostly beneficial, the uncontrolled intake of high concentrations of certain flavonoids (e.g., quercetin and catechins) in dietary supplements (that may cause GST inhibition) may threaten human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Boušová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, European Union
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Adnan H, Antenos M, Kirby GM. The effect of menadione on glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1): c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) complex dissociation in human colonic adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. Toxicol Lett 2012; 214:53-62. [PMID: 22906494 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) act as modulators of mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways via a mechanism involving protein-protein interactions. We have demonstrated that GSTA1 forms complexes with JNK and modifies JNK activation during cellular stress, but the factors that influence complex association and dissociation are unknown. We hypothesized that menadione causes dissociation of GSTA1-JNK complexes, activates JNK, and the consequences of menadione exposure depend on GSTA1 expression. We demonstrate that menadione causes GSTA1-JNK dissociation and JNK activation in preconfluent Caco-2 cells, whereas postconfluent cells are resistant to this effect. Moreover, preconfluent cells are more sensitive than postconfluent cells to menadione-induced cytotoxicity. Activation of JNK is transient since removal of menadione causes GSTA1 to re-associate with JNK reducing cytotoxicity. Over-expression and knockdown of GSTA1 did not alter JNK activation by menadione or sensitivity to menadione-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicate that GSTA1-JNK complex integrity does not affect the ability of menadione to activate JNK. N-acetyl cysteine prevents GSH depletion and blocks menadione-induced complex dissociation, JNK activation and inhibits menadione-induced cytotoxicity. JNK activation and inhibits menadione-induced cytotoxicity. The data suggest that the mechanism of menadione-induced JNK activation involves the production of reactive oxygen species, likely superoxide anion, and intracellular GSH levels play an important role in preventing GSTA1-JNK complex dissociation, subsequent JNK activation and induction of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Adnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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