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Niesor EJ, Perez A, Rezzi S, Hodgson A, Canarelli S, Millet G, Debevec T, Bordat C, Nader E, Connes P. Plasma monomeric ApoA1 and high-density lipoprotein bound ApoA1 are markedly decreased and associated with low levels of lipophilic antioxidants in sickle cell disease: A potential new pathway for therapy. Eur J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 39164995 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) exhibit high levels of reactive oxygen species and low plasma levels of lipophilic antioxidants, which may contribute to end-organ damage and disease sequelae. Apolipoprotein A1, the major apolipoprotein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is mainly secreted by the intestine and liver in the form of monomeric ApoA1 (mApoA1) present in plasma. Cholesterol and α-tocopherol are delivered to ApoA1 via the ATP-binding cassette transporter, subfamily A, member 1 (ABCA1). We measured cholesterol, mApoA1, ApoA1, and lipophilic antioxidants in the plasma of 17 patients with SCD and 40 healthy volunteers. Mean HDL cholesterol (-C) levels in SCD patients and healthy subjects were 59.3 and 48.1 mg/dL, respectively, and plasma lutein, zeaxanthin, and α-tocopherol were 64.0%, 68.7%, and 9.1% lower, respectively. To compare SCD to healthy subjects with similar HDL-C, we also performed subgroup analyses of healthy subjects with HDL-C above or below the mean. In SCD, the mApoA1 level was 30.4 μg/mL; 80% lower than 141 μg/mL measured in healthy volunteers with similar HDL-C (56.7 mg/dL). The mApoA1 level was also 38.4% greater in the higher versus lower HDL-C subgroups (p = .002). In the higher HDL-C subgroup, lutein and zeaxanthin transported by HDL were 48.9% (p = .01) and 41.9% (p = .02) higher, respectively, whereas α-tocopherol was 31.7% higher (p = .003), compared to the lower HDL-C subgroup. Plasma mApoA1 may be a marker of the capacity of HDL to capture and deliver liposoluble antioxidants, and treatments which raise HDL may benefit patients with high oxidative stress as exemplified by SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Serge Rezzi
- Swiss Nutrition and Health Foundation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Hodgson
- Swiss Nutrition and Health Foundation, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gregoire Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tadej Debevec
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Elie Nader
- Faculty of Medicine Laennec, Claude Bernard University Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Connes
- Faculty of Medicine Laennec, Claude Bernard University Lyon1, Lyon, France
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Petrović A, Madić V, Stojanović G, Zlatanović I, Zlatković B, Vasiljević P, Đorđević L. Antidiabetic effects of polyherbal mixture made of Centaurium erythraea, Cichorium intybus and Potentilla erecta. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117032. [PMID: 37582477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The polyherbal mixture made of Centaurium erythraea aerial parts and Cichorium intybus roots and Potentilla erecta rhizomes has been used for centuries to treat both the primary and secondary complications of diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY As a continuation of our search for the most effective herbal mixture used as an ethnopharmacological remedy for diabetes, this study aimed to compare the in vitro biological activities of this polyherbal mixture and its individual ingredients, and, most importantly, to validate the ethnopharmacological value of the herbal mixture through evaluation of its phytochemical composition, its potential in vivo toxicity and its effect on diabetes complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis was performed using HPLC-UV. Antioxidant activity was estimated via the DPPH test. Potential cytotoxicity/anticytotoxicity was assessed using an in vitro RBCs antihemolytic assay and an in vivo sub-chronic oral toxicity method. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated using an in vitro α-amylase inhibition assay and in vivo using a chemically induced diabetic rat model. RESULTS The HPLC-UV analysis revealed the presence of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivative, catechin, five catechin derivatives, epicatechin, isoquercetin, hyperoside, rutin, four quercetin derivatives, caffeic acid, and four caffeic acid derivatives in the polyherbal mixture decoction. Treatment with the decoction has shown no toxic effects. The antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of the polyherbal mixture were higher than the reference's ones. Its antidiabetic activity was high in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Fourteen days of treatment with the decoction (15 g/kg) completely normalized blood glucose levels of diabetic animals, while treatments with insulin and glimepiride only slightly lowered glycemic values. In addition, lipid status of treated animals as well as levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea and MDA were completely normalized. In addition, the polyherbal mixture completely restored the histopathological changes of the liver, kidneys and all four Cornu ammonis regions of the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS The polyherbal mixture was effective in the prevention of both primary and secondary diabetic complications such as hyperlipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nephropathy and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Petrović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia.
| | - Višnja Madić
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Gordana Stojanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Ivana Zlatanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Bojan Zlatković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Perica Vasiljević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Đorđević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
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Carbohydrate digestive enzyme inhibition, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and antidiabetic benefits of Persea americana. Sci Rep 2023; 13:284. [PMID: 36609426 PMCID: PMC9822925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal use of Persea americana in the treatment of some diseases like hypertension, diabetes, is often with dearth of supporting scientific proof. Thus, we evaluated its ethnomedicinal benefits for possible scientific justification. Thirty healthy Wistar rats were randomly grouped in fives. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes in the rats in groups II to VI. The diabetic rats in group II were treated with glibenclamide, while those in group III were not treated. Also, the diabetic rats in groups IV to VI were treated with the ethanol extracts of the stem bark, leaf, and root of P. americana respectively. The parts of P. americana comparatively possess highest amounts of phenols (250.50 ± 0.68-bark), saponin (436.80 ± 3.76-leaf), flavonoid (382.80 ± 0.67-leaf) and tannins (58.34 ± 0.09-root). The extracts exhibited high reducing property (FRAP and total reducing), as well as high ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging ability. The enzyme (alpha-glycosidase and alpha-amylase) inhibitory activity of P. americana increases with increasing concentration of the extracts. Administration of methanol extracts of P. americana bark, leaf and root to alloxan-induced diabetic rats resulted in significant (P < 0.05) decreases in AST, ALP, ALT, Total bilirubin, LPO, plasma glucose and significant (P < 0.05) increases in GSH, CAT and SOD. These effects were like that of glibenclamide. The enzyme inhibitory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of P. americana are some of the benefits derived from its consumption and ethnomedicinal use.
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Orumwense GE, Osagie AM, Omage SO, Omage K, Azeke MA. Synclisia scabrida protects against oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity and hyperglycaemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:669-680. [PMID: 35673515 PMCID: PMC9167381 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Synclisia scabrida is commonly used in traditional medical practices for the management of diseases like diabetes and its complications. This study seeks to establish a scientific rationale for this practice. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomly and equally grouped into six. Alloxan was used to induce diabetes in the rats in groups 2 to 6. The diabetic rats in group 2 were treated with glibenclamide, while those in group 3 were not treated. Also, the diabetic rats in groups 4, 5 and 6 were, respectively, treated with the ethanol extracts of the stem, root and leaf of S. scabrida. After 28 days of treatment, blood and organ samples were collected for biochemical studies. Results S. scabrida possesses high amounts of useful phytochemicals. It also exhibits high total reducing capacity, FRAP activity, DPPH and ABTS scavenging ability. The inhibition of the α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities by the methanol extracts of S. scabrida stem, leaf and root were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of glibenclamide. Administration of S. scabrida extracts to the alloxan-induced diabetic rats caused significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the blood glucose, total bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP of the treated groups as compared to that of the untreated group. Treatment with the extracts also resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) lower LPO and significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of GSH, SOD and CAT. Conclusion S. scabrida extracts exhibited antioxidative, hepatoprotective and hypoglycaemic properties which are similar to that of the standard drug, glibenclamide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aishat Mary Osagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State Nigeria
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sylvia Oghogho Omage
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin, Edo State Nigeria
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kingsley Omage
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Benin, Edo State Nigeria
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marshall Arebojie Azeke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State Nigeria
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Wang Q, Zennadi R. The Role of RBC Oxidative Stress in Sickle Cell Disease: From the Molecular Basis to Pathologic Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101608. [PMID: 34679742 PMCID: PMC8533084 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited monogenic disorder and the most common severe hemoglobinopathy in the world. SCD is characterized by a point mutation in the β-globin gene, which results in hemoglobin (Hb) S production, leading to a variety of mechanistic and phenotypic changes within the sickle red blood cell (RBC). In SCD, the sickle RBCs are the root cause of the disease and they are a primary source of oxidative stress since sickle RBC redox state is compromised due to an imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants. This imbalance in redox state is a result of a continuous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the sickle RBC caused by the constant endogenous Hb autoxidation and NADPH oxidase activation, as well as by a deficiency in the antioxidant defense system. Accumulation of non-neutralized ROS within the sickle RBCs affects RBC membrane structure and function, leading to membrane integrity deficiency, low deformability, phosphatidylserine exposure, and release of micro-vesicles. These oxidative stress-associated RBC phenotypic modifications consequently evoke a myriad of physiological changes involved in multi-system manifestations. Thus, RBC oxidative stress in SCD can ultimately instigate major processes involved in organ damage. The critical role of the sickle RBC ROS production and its regulation in SCD pathophysiology are discussed here.
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Quercetin Completely Ameliorates Hypoxia-Reoxygenation-Induced Pathophysiology Severity in NY1DD Transgenic Sickle Mice: Intrinsic Mild Steady State Pathophysiology of the Disease in NY1DD Is Also Reversed. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101473. [PMID: 34680105 PMCID: PMC8533533 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is a major complication of sickle cell disease (SCD); thus, strategies to ameliorate vaso-occlusive episodes are greatly needed. We evaluated the therapeutic benefits of quercetin in a SCD transgenic sickle mouse model. This disease model exhibited very mild disease pathophysiology in the steady state. The severity of the disease in the NY1DD mouse was amplified by subjecting mice to 18 h of hypoxia followed by 3 h of reoxygenation. Quercetin (200 mg/kg body weight) administered to hypoxia challenged NY1DD mice in a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose at the onset of reoxygenation completely ameliorated all hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R)-induced pathophysiology. Additionally, it ameliorated the mild intrinsic steady state pathophysiology. These results are comparable with those seen with semisynthetic supra plasma expanders. In control mice, C57BL/6J, hypoxia reoxygenation-induced vaso-occlusion was at significantly lower levels than in NY1DD mice, reflecting the role of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) in inducing vaso-occlusion; however, the therapeutic benefits from quercetin were significantly muted. We suggest that these findings represent a unique genotype of the NY1DD mice, i.e., the presence of high oxygen affinity red blood cells (RBCs) with chimeric HbS, composed of mouse α-chain and human βS-chain, as well as human α-chain and mouse β-chain (besides HbS). The anti-anemia therapeutic benefits from high oxygen affinity RBCs in these mice exert disease severity modifications that synergize with the therapeutic benefits of quercetin. Combining the therapeutic benefits of high oxygen affinity RBCs generated in situ by chemical or genetic manipulation with the therapeutic benefits of antiadhesive therapies is a novel approach to treat sickle cell patients with severe pathophysiology.
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Ogunsuyi OM, Ogunsuyi OI, Akanni O, Alabi OA, Alimba CG, Adaramoye OA, Cambier S, Eswara S, Gutleb AC, Bakare AA. Alteration of sperm parameters and reproductive hormones in Swiss mice via oxidative stress after co-exposure to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13758. [PMID: 32671885 DOI: 10.1111/and.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Swiss male mice were intraperitoneally administered with titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and their mixture (1:1) at doses between 9.38 and 75 mg/kg for 5 weeks to evaluate reproductive toxicity. Both NPs and their mixture significantly (p < .001) altered sperm motility, reduced sperm numbers and increased abnormalities, while their mixture induced more sperm abnormalities than either TiO2 NPs or ZnO NPs. Both NPs and their mixture significantly (p < .05) reduced the LH level, while ZnO NPs alone and their mixture (p < .001) increased the testosterone levels at tested doses. The testes of exposed mice showed pathological changes and altered histomorphometrics. TiO2 NPs and ZnO NPs individually induced a significant (p < .01) reduction in SOD and CAT activities, while the mixture significantly (p < .001) decreased CAT activity and increased SOD activity. TiO2 NPs alone at 9.38 mg/kg induced a significant (p < .001) reduction in the GSH level, while both NPs and their mixture increased the MDA level significantly (p < .05). The data showed that the mixture had a synergistic interaction to induce testicular damage. Overall, oxidative stress may be involved in the NP-mediated testicular damage observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeoluwa M Ogunsuyi
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun I Ogunsuyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ibafo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola Akanni
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Okunola A Alabi
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin A Adaramoye
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Sebastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Santhana Eswara
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Adekunle A Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Sharma D, Singh A, Kukreti S, Pathak M, Kaur L, Kaushik V, Ojha H. Protection by ethyl pyruvate against gamma radiation induced damage in bovine serum albumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:1053-1060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Caprari P, Massimi S, Diana L, Sorrentino F, Maffei L, Materazzi S, Risoluti R. Hemorheological Alterations and Oxidative Damage in Sickle Cell Anemia. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:142. [PMID: 31867341 PMCID: PMC6904369 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most common hereditary disorder of hemoglobin (Hb) characterized by a mutation in the β globin gene, which leads to synthesis of HbS a hemoglobin which, under hypoxic conditions, gels and leading to the sickling of the red blood cells (RBC). The dehydration of the RBC increases the concentration of the intracellular Hb with an increase in the internal viscosity and consequently a decrease in the erythrocyte deformability. Sickle red blood cells due to their difficulty to flow through the microcirculation cause frequent vaso-occlusive episodes, tissue ischemia, and infarctions. Moreover, the reduced RBC deformability causes cell fragility leading to hemolysis and recently a key role of hemolysis and oxidative stress in the development of vascular dysfunction has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemorheological profiles of patients with SCA in order to point out new indices of vascular impairment, and to characterize the membrane oxidative damage of sickled RBC. Blood viscosities, erythrocyte aggregation, and viscoelastic profiles of SCA patients were determined, and the RBC oxidative damage was investigated by comparing metabolic capability and RBC membrane proteins from SCA patients with and without transfusion dependence. The hemorheological profile of SCA subjects demonstrated high blood viscosity, increased RBC aggregation, and decreased RBC deformability. These impaired flow properties were associated with RBC membrane protein oxidation, with degradation of spectrin and increased membrane-bound globin. The comparison between SCA patients with and without transfusion dependence showed metabolic and structural RBC oxidative damage significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Caprari
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicine, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Massimi
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicine, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Loretta Diana
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicine, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Laura Maffei
- Thalassemia Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Identification of novel therapeutic targets has improved diagnostics and treatment of many diseases. Many innovative treatment strategies have been developed based on the newly identified biomarkers and key molecules. Most of the research focused on ways to manipulate signaling pathways by activating or suppressing them, validate new therapeutic targets for treatment, and epigenetic treatment of diseases. With the identification of aberrations in multiple growth pathways, the focus then shifted to the small molecules involved in these pathways for targeted therapy. In this communication/short review, we highlight the importance of identification of abnormal activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ERK1/2, and its upstream mediator MEK1/2, in erythrocytes in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) critical for the adhesive interactions of these cells with the endothelium, and leukocytes promoting circulatory obstruction leading to tissue ischemia and infraction. We also discuss how targeting this signaling cascade with MEK1/2 inhibitors can reverse acute vasoocclusive crises in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahima Zennadi
- Division of Hematology and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, USA
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Ogunsuyi OI, Fadoju OM, Akanni OO, Alabi OA, Alimba CG, Cambier S, Eswara S, Gutleb AC, Adaramoye OA, Bakare AA. Genetic and systemic toxicity induced by silver and copper oxide nanoparticles, and their mixture in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27470-27481. [PMID: 31332682 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Unanticipated increase in the use of silver (Ag) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) due to their antimicrobial properties is eliciting environmental health concern because of their coexistence in the aquatic environment. Therefore, we investigated the genetic and systemic toxicity of the individual NPs and their mixture (1:1) using the piscine micronucleus (MN) assay, haematological, histopathological (skin, gills and liver) and hepatic oxidative stress analyses [malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] in the African mud catfish, Clarias gariepinus. The fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations (6.25-100.00 mg/L) of each NP and their mixture for 28 days. Both NPs and their mixture induced significant (p < 0.05) increase in MN frequency and other nuclear abnormalities. There was significant decrease in haemoglobin concentration, red and white blood cell counts. Histopathological lesions observed include epidermal skin cells and gill lamellae hyperplasia and necrosis of hepatocytes. The levels of MDA, GSH and activities of SOD and CAT were impacted in C. gariepinus liver following the exposure to the NPs and their mixture. Interaction factor analysis of data indicates antagonistic genotoxicity and oxidative damage of the NPs mixture. These results suggest cytogenotoxic effects of Ag NPs, CuO NPs and their mixture via oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun I Ogunsuyi
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Opeoluwa M Fadoju
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola O Akanni
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Okunola A Alabi
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sebastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Santhana Eswara
- Material Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Oluwatosin A Adaramoye
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle A Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Al Balushi H, Hannemann A, Rees D, Brewin J, Gibson JS. The Effect of Antioxidants on the Properties of Red Blood Cells From Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia. Front Physiol 2019; 10:976. [PMID: 31456691 PMCID: PMC6700761 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage to red blood cells (RBCs) may contribute to pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia. Reducing the deleterious effects of oxidants by exposing RBCs to a number of antioxidants has been shown to have protective effects against lipid and protein peroxidation. We hypothesize that antioxidants may also have beneficial effects on the abnormal membrane permeability of sickle cells. Increased cation permeability of these cells encourages HbS polymerization by causing RBC dehydration and also leads to externalization of the prothrombotic aminophospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS). Three antioxidants with different mechanisms of action were investigated - dithiothreitol, N-acetylcysteine, and quercetin. All three were found to inhibit the main cation pathways responsible for dehydration - the deoxygenation-induced cation conductance (or Psickle), the Ca2+-activated K+ channel (or Gardos channel), and the K+-Cl- cotransporter. They also reduced Ca2+-induced PS exposure and hemolysis. Findings provide evidence for additional beneficial actions of antioxidants in maintenance of rheology and reducing vascular adhesion and further inform the rationale for their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Al Balushi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Rees
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, King’s College Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Brewin
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, King’s College Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Stanley Gibson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Cell oxidative status, which represents the balance between oxidants and antioxidants, is involved in normal functions. Under pathological conditions, there is a shift toward the oxidants, leading to oxidative stress, which is cytotoxic, causing oxidation of cellular components that result in cell death and organ damage. Thalassemia is a hereditary hemolytic anemia caused by mutations in globin genes that cause reduced or complete absence of specific globin chains (commonly, α or β). Although oxidative stress is not the primary etiology of thalassemia, it mediates several of its pathologies. The main causes of oxidative stress in thalassemia are the degradation of the unstable hemoglobin and iron overload-both stimulate the production of excess free radicals. The symptoms aggravated by oxidative stress include increased hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis and functional failure of vital organs such as the heart and liver. The oxidative status of each patient is affected by multiple internal and external factors, including genetic makeup, health conditions, nutrition, physical activity, age, and the environment (e.g., air pollution, radiation). In addition, oxidative stress is influenced by the clinical manifestations of the disease (unpaired globin chains, iron overload, anemia, etc.). Application of personalized (theranostics) medicine principles, including diagnostic tests for selecting targeted therapy, is therefore important for optimal treatment of the oxidative stress of these patients. We summarize the role of oxidative stress and the current and potential antioxidative therapeutics in β-thalassemia and describe some methodologies, mostly cellular, that might be helpful for application of a theranostics approach to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Fibach
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, POB 12,000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Mutaz Dana
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, POB 12,000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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Fadoju O, Ogunsuyi O, Akanni O, Alabi O, Alimba C, Adaramoye O, Cambier S, Eswara S, Gutleb AC, Bakare A. Evaluation of cytogenotoxicity and oxidative stress parameters in male Swiss mice co-exposed to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 70:103204. [PMID: 31200344 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have investigated the adverse toxic effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) or zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs. Information on the potential genotoxic effects of the interactions of TiO2 NPs and ZnO NPs in vivo is lacking. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the cytogenotoxicity of TiO2 NPs or ZnO NPs alone or their mixtures using the bone marrow micronucleus assay, and mechanism of damage through the evaluation of oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney tissues of Swiss mice. Intraperitoneal administration of doses between 9.38 and 150.00 mg/kg of TiO2 NPs or ZnO NPs or TiO2 NPs + ZnO NPs was performed for 5 and 10 days, respectively. TiO2 NPs alone induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in micronucleated (Mn) polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) at the applied doses compared with the negative controls, with a significant difference between 5 and 10 days for TiO2 NPs alone and TiO2 NPs + ZnO NPs. Concurrently, TiO2 NPs alone for 5 days and TiO2 NPs and TiO2 NPs + ZnO NPs for 10 days significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the percentage PCE: normochromatic erythrocyte (NCE) indicating cytotoxicity; with a significant difference between the two periods. Significant (P < 0.001) changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in the liver and kidney of mice exposed to TiO2 NPs or ZnO NPs alone or their mixtures. These results suggest that TiO2 NPs alone was genotoxic; TiO2 NPs and TiO2 NPs + ZnO NPs were noticeably cytotoxic while ZnO NPs was not cytogenotoxic. The individual NPs or their mixtures induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeoluwa Fadoju
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Ogunsuyi
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola Akanni
- Drug metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Okunola Alabi
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Chibuisi Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin Adaramoye
- Drug metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Sebastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Santhana Eswara
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Adekunle Bakare
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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15
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Antwi-Boasiako C, Dankwah GB, Aryee R, Hayfron-Benjamin C, Donkor ES, Campbell AD. Oxidative Profile of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. Med Sci (Basel) 2019; 7:medsci7020017. [PMID: 30691006 PMCID: PMC6410293 DOI: 10.3390/medsci7020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a very significant role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD) and associated complications. Oxidative stress, which is often experienced by SCD patients as a result of continuous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), may lead to endothelial dysfunction and acute inflammation. Antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), often play a protective role. The current study aimed at determining the oxidative profile of persons with SCD at a tertiary hospital in Ghana. This was a case-control study involving 90 patients with SCD (34 HbSS patients at steady state, 30 HbSC at steady state, 15 HbSS with vaso-occlusive crisis, 11 HbSC with vaso-occlusive crisis), and 50 HbAA control group. Whole blood samples were collected from the study participants and analyzed for full blood counts. The blood samples were assayed for SOD and CAT as a measure of antioxidant defense, while lipid peroxidation was quantified as malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that the levels of SOD and CAT were significantly lower in SCD patients as compared to the control group. Patients with HbSS vaso-occlusive crisis had the lowest levels of SOD and CAT. The difference in SOD levels between HbSS at steady state and HbSC with vaso-occlusive crisis was, however, not significant (p = 0.228). The MDA level was significantly higher in SCD patients compared to the control group. This study concludes that the levels of various antioxidant enzymes (erythrocyte SOD and erythrocyte CAT) and oxidative marker (MDA) and are altered in SCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Antwi-Boasiako
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
| | - Gifty B Dankwah
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
| | - Robert Aryee
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
| | - Charles Hayfron-Benjamin
- Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
| | - Eric S Donkor
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana.
| | - Andrew D Campbell
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders Children's National Medical Center George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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16
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Hannemann A, Rees DC, Brewin JN, Noe A, Low B, Gibson JS. Oxidative stress and phosphatidylserine exposure in red cells from patients with sickle cell anaemia. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:567-578. [PMID: 29938778 PMCID: PMC6120535 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure increases as red cells age, and is an important signal for the removal of senescent cells from the circulation. PS exposure is elevated in red cells from sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients and is thought to enhance haemolysis and vaso-occlusion. Although precise conditions leading to its externalisation are unclear, high intracellular Ca2+ has been implicated. Red cells from SCA patients are also exposed to an increased oxidative challenge, and we postulated that this stimulates PS exposure, through increased Ca2+ levels. We tested four different ways of generating oxidative stress: hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase, phenazine methosulphate, nitrite and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, together with thiol modification with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), dithiothreitol and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), in red cells permeabilised to Ca2+ using bromo-A23187. Unexpectedly, our findings showed that the four oxidants significantly reduced Ca2+ -induced PS exposure (by 40-60%) with no appreciable effect on Ca2+ affinity. By contrast, NEM markedly increased PS exposure (by about 400%) and slightly but significantly increased the affinity for Ca2+ . Dithiothreitol modestly reduced PS exposure (by 25%) and HOCl had no effect. These findings emphasise the importance of thiol modification for PS exposure in sickle cells but suggest that increased oxidant stress alone is not important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Hannemann
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - David C. Rees
- Department of Paediatric HaematologyKing's College HospitalKing's College London School of MedicineLondonUK
| | - John N. Brewin
- Department of Paediatric HaematologyKing's College HospitalKing's College London School of MedicineLondonUK
| | - Andreas Noe
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Ben Low
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - John S. Gibson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Al Balushi HWM, Rees DC, Brewin JN, Hannemann A, Gibson JS. The effect of xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine on the permeability of red cells from patients with sickle cell anemia. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13626. [PMID: 29504282 PMCID: PMC5835498 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Red cells from patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are under greater oxidative challenge than those from normal individuals. We postulated that oxidants generated by xanthine oxidase (XO) and hypoxanthine (HO) contribute to the pathogenesis of SCA through altering solute permeability. Sickling, activities of the main red cell dehydration pathways (Psickle , Gardos channel, and KCl cotransporter [KCC]), and cell volume were measured at 100, 30, and 0 mmHg O2 , together with deoxygenation-induced nonelectrolyte hemolysis. Unexpectedly, XO/HO mixtures had mainly inhibitory effects on sickling, Psickle , and Gardos channel activities, while KCC activity and nonelectrolyte hemolysis were increased. Gardos channel activity was significantly elevated in red cells pharmacologically loaded with Ca2+ using the ionophore A23187, consistent with an effect on the transport system per se as well as via Ca2+ entry likely via the Psickle pathway. KCC activity is controlled by several pairs of conjugate protein kinases and phosphatases. Its activity, however, was also stimulated by XO/HO mixtures in red cells pretreated with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), which is thought to prevent regulation via changes in protein phosphorylation, suggesting that the oxidants formed could also have direct effects on this transporter. In the presence of XO/HO, red cell volume was better maintained in deoxygenated red cells. Overall, the most notable effect of XO/HO mixtures was an increase in red cell fragility. These findings increase our understanding of the effects of oxidative challenge in SCA patients and are relevant to the behavior of red cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David C. Rees
- Department of Paediatric HaematologyKing's College HospitalKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - John N. Brewin
- Department of Paediatric HaematologyKing's College HospitalKing's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anke Hannemann
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - John S. Gibson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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18
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Oztas Y, Yalcinkaya A. Oxidative alterations in sickle cell disease: Possible involvement in disease pathogenesis. World J Hematol 2017; 6:55-61. [DOI: 10.5315/wjh.v6.i3.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the first molecular disease in the literature. Although the structural alteration and dysfunction of the sickle hemoglobin (HbS) are well understood, the many factors modifying the clinical signs and symptoms of the disease are under investigation. Besides having an abnormal electrophoretic mobility and solubility, HbS is unstable. The autooxidation rate of the abnormal HbS has been reported to be almost two times of the normal. There are two more components of the oxidative damage in SCD: Free radical induced oxidative damage during vaso-occlusion induced ischemia-reperfusion injury and decreased antioxidant capacity in the erythrocyte and in the circulation. We will discuss the effects of oxidative alterations in the erythrocyte and in the plasma of SCD patients in this review.
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Oyeyemi IT, Akanni OO, Adaramoye OA, Bakare AA. Methanol extract of Nymphaea lotus ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic liver injury in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:43-50. [PMID: 27824613 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nymphaea lotus (NL) is an aquatic perennial plant used traditionally in the management of various liver diseases. In this study, the protective effect of methanol extract of NL against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in rats was investigated. METHODS Male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups of five rats each. Group I received corn oil (0.5 mL p.o.) and served as control, group II received CCl4 (1 mL/kg i.p., 1:3 in corn oil), group III received NL (200 mg/kg), and groups IV, V, and VI received CCl4+NL (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively) for 6 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, rats were bled and killed. RESULTS The activities of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and levels of total bilirubin (TB) in the serum, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) in the liver, and histopathology of the liver were determined using standard procedures. NL significantly (p<0.05) lowered the levels of ALT, AST, and TB and exhibited antioxidant potentials in rats exposed to CCl4 relative to the control values. Specifically, NL at 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) increased CCl4-induced decrease in hepatic GSH and GPx and also decreased the level of hepatic TBARS in CCl4-intoxicated rats. Histopathological findings revealed cellular infiltration and fibrosis in rats that received CCl4 only, which were ameliorated in rats that received NL+CCl4. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that NL exhibited hepatoprotective effects in CCl4-intoxicated rats via antioxidative mechanism.
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Ephraim RKD, Adu P, Ake E, Agbodzakey H, Adoba P, Cudjoe O, Agoni C. Normal Non-HDL Cholesterol, Low Total Cholesterol, and HDL Cholesterol Levels in Sickle Cell Disease Patients in the Steady State: A Case-Control Study of Tema Metropolis. J Lipids 2016; 2016:7650530. [PMID: 28078142 PMCID: PMC5203913 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7650530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Abnormal lipid homeostasis in sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by defects in plasma and erythrocyte lipids and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the lipid profile and non-HDL cholesterol level of SCD patients. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 SCD patients, in the steady state, aged 8-28 years, attending the SCD clinic, and 50 healthy volunteers between the ages of 8-38 years. Serum lipids were determined by enzymatic methods and non-HDL cholesterol calculated by this formula: non-HDL-C = TC-HDL-C. Results. Total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p < 0.0001) were significantly decreased in cases compared to controls. The levels of non-HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) were similar among the participants. The levels of decrease in TC and HDL were associated with whether a patient was SCD-SS or SCD-SC. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were each significantly associated with increased VLDL [SBP, p = 0.01, OR: 0.74 (CI: 0.6-0.93); DBP, p = 0.023, OR: 1.45 (CI: 1.05-2.0)]. Conclusion. Dyslipidemia is common among participants in this study. It was more pronounced in the SCD-SS than in SCD-SC. This dyslipidemia was associated with high VLDL as well as increased SBP and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K. D. Ephraim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Patrick Adu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Edem Ake
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Hope Agbodzakey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Prince Adoba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Obed Cudjoe
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Clement Agoni
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Connes P, Alexy T, Detterich J, Romana M, Hardy-Dessources MD, Ballas SK. The role of blood rheology in sickle cell disease. Blood Rev 2015; 30:111-8. [PMID: 26341565 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Studies performed in the last decades have highlighted the need to better understand the contribution of the endothelium, vascular function, oxidative stress, inflammation, coagulation, hemolysis and vascular adhesion mechanisms to the pathophysiology of acute vaso-occlusive like events and chronic organ damages in sickle cell disease (SCD). Although SCD is a hemorheological disease, a few works focused on the contribution of blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell deformability and aggregation in the pathophysiology of SCD. After a brief description of basic hemorheology, the present review focuses on the role of the hemorheological abnormalities in the causation of several SCD complications, mainly in sickle cell anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) SC disease. Several genetic and cellular modulators of blood rheology in SCD are discussed, as well as unresolved questions and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Connes
- Inserm UMR 1134, Hôpital Ricou, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex «The red cell: from genesis to death», PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France; Laboratoire CRIS EA647, Section "Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Tamas Alexy
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Section of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Jon Detterich
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Division of Cardiology, USA
| | - Marc Romana
- Inserm UMR 1134, Hôpital Ricou, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex «The red cell: from genesis to death», PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Dominique Hardy-Dessources
- Inserm UMR 1134, Hôpital Ricou, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97157 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex «The red cell: from genesis to death», PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Samir K Ballas
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Asmah RH, Yeboah G, Asare-Anane H, Antwi-Baffour S, Archampong TN, Brown CA, Amegatcher G, Adjei DN, Dzudzor B, Akpalu J, Ayeh-Kumi PF. Relationship between oxidative stress and haematological indices in patients with diabetes in the Ghanaian population. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2015; 1:7. [PMID: 28702226 PMCID: PMC5471723 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-015-0008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent hyperglycaemia is a hallmark of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It causes increased production of free radicals, especially reactive oxygen species (ROS), — resulting in oxidative stress. Reactive Oxygen Species have been implicated in the development of haematological complications in patients with diabetes. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) is one of the most effective antioxidant enzyme defense systems against free radicals. Methods From February through May 2014, we assessed the relationship between oxidative stress and haematological profiles among individuals with and without diabetes. A cross sectional study of 66 case patients and 44 age-matched controls were recruited from the National Diabetes Management and Research Centre (NDMRC), Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana. Blood samples were obtained from study participants with consent. We determined the haematological profiles of study participants and measured their oxidative stress levels using a standardized kit for SOD activity. Results Higher white blood cell (WBC) counts were seen in the diabetes cohort (p-value = 0.023). The SOD activity tended to be lower in diabetes patients (p–value = 0.144 however) while higher neutrophil levels seemed to correlate with SOD activity (R = 0.249; R2 = 6.2 %; p-value = 0.049). There did not appear to be a correlation between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and SOD activity (R = −0.044; p-value = 0.727). Conclusion The study reports similar oxidative stress levels, as measured by SOD activity, in diabetic and non-diabetic adults. The SOD activity did not appear to correlate with FBG and several other haematological parameters. Further study would be required to investigate the relationship between these haematological indices and diabetic micro- and macro-vascular complications in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Asmah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - G Yeboah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - H Asare-Anane
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - S Antwi-Baffour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - T N Archampong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - C A Brown
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - G Amegatcher
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - D N Adjei
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - B Dzudzor
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - J Akpalu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
| | - P F Ayeh-Kumi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-bu, Accra, Ghana
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Barbosa SMDM, Farhat SCL, Martins LC, Pereira LAA, Saldiva PHN, Zanobetti A, Braga ALF. Air pollution and children's health: sickle cell disease. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 31:265-75. [PMID: 25760161 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00013214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of sickle cell disease are anemia and vasculopathy. The aim of this study was to assess the association between air pollution and children's emergency room visits of sickle cell patients. We adopted a case-crossover design. Daily counts of children's and adolescents' sickle cell disease emergency room visits from the pediatric emergency unit in São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated from September 1999 to December 2004, matching by temperature, humidity and controlling for day of the week. Interquartile range increases of the four-day moving averages of PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 were associated with increases of 18.9% (95%CI: 11.2-26.5), 19% (95%CI: 8.3-29.6), 14.4% (95%CI: 6.5-22.4), 16,5% (95%CI: 8.9-24.0), and 9.8% (95%CI: 1.1-18.6) in total sickle cell emergency room visits, respectively. When the analyses were stratified by pain, PM10 was found to be 40.3% higher than in sickle cell patients without pain symptoms. Exposure to air pollution can affect the cardiovascular health of children and may promote a significant health burden in a sensitive group.
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da Silva DGH, Ricci O, de Almeida EA, Bonini-Domingos CR. Potential utility of melatonin as an antioxidant therapy in the management of sickle cell anemia. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:178-88. [PMID: 25545035 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess antioxidant effects of melatonin treatment compared to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and to their combination in a sickle cell suspension. Sickle erythrocytes were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, composing external control group. They were also suspended and incubated at 37°C either in the absence (experimental control group) or in the presence of NAC, melatonin and their combination at concentrations of 100 pm, 100 nm and 100 μm for 1 hr (treatment groups). The melatonin influences were evaluated by spectrophotometric [hemolysis degree, catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities] and chromatographic methods [glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels]. Incubation period was able to cause a rise about 64% on hemolysis degree as well as practically doubled the lipid peroxidation levels (P < 0.01). However, almost all antioxidants tested treatments neutralized this incubation effect observed in MDA levels. Among the antioxidant biomarkers evaluated, we observed a modulating effect of combined treatment on GPx and SOD activities (P < 0.01), which showed ~25% decrease in their activities. In addition, we found an antioxidant dose-dependent effect for melatonin on lipid peroxidation (r = -0.29; P = 0.03) and for combined antioxidant treatments also on MDA levels (r = -0.37; P = 0.01) and on SOD activity (r = -0.54; P < 0.01). Hence, these findings contribute with important insight that melatonin individually or in combination with NAC may be useful for sickle cell anemia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Grünig Humberto da Silva
- Department of Biology, Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, UNESP - Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Hierso R, Waltz X, Mora P, Romana M, Lemonne N, Connes P, Hardy-Dessources MD. Effects of oxidative stress on red blood cell rheology in sickle cell patients. Br J Haematol 2014; 166:601-6. [PMID: 24754710 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell anaemia (SS) and sickle cell-haemoglobin C disease (SC) patients exhibit severe red blood cell (RBC) rheological alterations involved in the development of several complications. The contribution of oxidative stress in these haemorheological abnormalities is still unknown. We compared RBC reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) content, and the haemorheological profile of SS (n = 11), SC (n = 11) and healthy subjects (n = 12) at baseline and after in-vitro treatment with t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). We showed: (i) higher RBC ROS content in SS and SC patients, with the highest level observed in SS patients; (ii) lower RBC GSH content in sickle syndrome patients, especially in SS patients; (iii) TBHP increased RBC ROS production and decreased RBC GSH content in all groups; (iv) TBHP decreased RBC aggregation and increased the strength of RBC aggregates in all groups but the increase in RBC aggregates strength was greater in sickle cell patients; (v) TBHP decreased RBC deformability in the three groups but with a higher magnitude in sickle cell patients. These data suggest that RBCs from sickle cell patients have an exaggerated response to oxidative stress, which is accompanied by a profound abnormal haemorheological profile, with greater alterations in SS than in SC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régine Hierso
- Inserm U 1134, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
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Silva DGH, Belini Junior E, de Almeida EA, Bonini-Domingos CR. Oxidative stress in sickle cell disease: an overview of erythrocyte redox metabolism and current antioxidant therapeutic strategies. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:1101-1109. [PMID: 24002011 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes have an environment of continuous pro-oxidant generation due to the presence of hemoglobin (Hb), which represents an additional and quantitatively significant source of superoxide (O2(-)) generation in biological systems. To counteract oxidative stress, erythrocytes have a self-sustaining antioxidant defense system. Thus, red blood cells uniquely function to protect Hb via a selective barrier allowing gaseous and other ligand transport as well as providing antioxidant protection not only to themselves but also to other tissues and organs in the body. Sickle hemoglobin molecules suffer repeated polymerization/depolymerization generating greater amounts of reactive oxygen species, which can lead to a cyclic cascade characterized by blood cell adhesion, hemolysis, vaso-occlusion, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. In other words, sickle cell disease is intimately linked to a pathophysiologic condition of multiple sources of pro-oxidant processes with consequent chronic and systemic oxidative stress. For this reason, newer therapeutic agents that can target oxidative stress may constitute a valuable means for preventing or delaying the development of organ complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Grunig Humberto Silva
- Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho," 15054-000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Aquatic Contamination Biomarkers, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Sao Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho," 15054-000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Edis Belini Junior
- Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho," 15054-000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves de Almeida
- Laboratory of Aquatic Contamination Biomarkers, Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Sao Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho," 15054-000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Regina Bonini-Domingos
- Hemoglobin and Hematologic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Biology, Sao Paulo State University "Julio de Mesquita Filho," 15054-000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Prado GN, Romero JR, Rivera A. Endothelin-1 receptor antagonists regulate cell surface-associated protein disulfide isomerase in sickle cell disease. FASEB J 2013; 27:4619-29. [PMID: 23913858 PMCID: PMC3804753 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-228577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels, disordered thiol protein status, and erythrocyte hydration status play important roles in sickle cell disease (SCD) through unresolved mechanisms. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is an oxidoreductase that mediates thiol/disulfide interchange reactions. We provide evidence that PDI is present in human and mouse erythrocyte membranes and that selective blockade with monoclonal antibodies against PDI leads to reduced Gardos channel activity (1.6±0.03 to 0.56±0.02 mmol·10(13) cell(-1)·min(-1), P<0.001) and density of sickle erythrocytes (D50: 1.115±0.001 to 1.104±0.001 g/ml, P=0.012) with an IC50 of 4 ng/ml. We observed that erythrocyte associated-PDI activity was increased in the presence of ET-1 (3.1±0.2 to 5.6±0.4%, P<0.0001) through a mechanism that includes casein kinase II. Consistent with these results, in vivo treatment of BERK sickle transgenic mice with ET-1 receptor antagonists lowered circulating and erythrocyte associated-PDI activity (7.1±0.3 to 5.2±0.2%, P<0.0001) while improving hematological parameters and Gardos channel activity. Thus, our results suggest that PDI is a novel target in SCD that regulates erythrocyte volume and oxidative stress and may contribute to cellular adhesion and endothelial activation leading to vasoocclusion as observed in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory N Prado
- 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bader 7, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Shimauti ELT, Belini Junior E, Baracioli LMDSV, Souza EMD, Granzotto D, Almeida EAD, Silva DGH, Ricci Junior O, Bonini-Domingos CR. Influence of βS allele in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity parameters. Int J Lab Hematol 2013; 36:205-12. [PMID: 24118969 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The oxidative process plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia (SCA), and population and environmental characteristics may influence redox balance. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in Brazilian Hb S carriers undergoing different therapies. METHODS Blood samples from 270 individuals were analyzed (Hb SS, n = 68; Hb AS, n = 53, and Hb AA, n = 149). Hemoglobin genotypes were assessed through cytological, electrophoretic, chromatographic, and molecular methods. Plasma lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity were measured by spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS Patients with SCA who used iron-chelating drugs combined with hydroxyurea, associated with regular transfusions, showed lower levels of TBARS (P ≤ 0.05), higher levels of TEAC (P ≤ 0.01), and lower TBARS/TEAC ratio (R = 255.8). The redox profile of Hb AS subjects was not statistically different (P > 0.05) from that of Hb AA subjects. CONCLUSION The data suggest that oxidative stress is lower in the patients with SCA who received regular blood transfusions associated with the combined use of HU and iron chelators than the group received only HU. The redox system of the Hb AS carriers is compatible with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L T Shimauti
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hemoglobin and Genetics of Hematological Diseases, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil; Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Paraná, Brazil
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Furman AEF, Henneberg R, Hermann PB, Leonart MSS, Nascimento AJD. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) attenuates oxidative stress induction in erythrocytes of sickle cell disease patients. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502012000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease promotes hemolytic anemia and occlusion of small blood vessels due to the presence of high concentrations of hemoglobin S, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased antioxidant defense capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective action of a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761), selected due to its high content of flavonoids and terpenoids, in erythrocytes of patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS, SS erythrocytes) subjected to oxidative stress using tert-butylhydroperoxide or 2,2-azobis-(amidinepropane)-dihydrochloride, in vitro. Hemolysis indexes, reduced glutathione, methemoglobin concentrations, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular reactive oxygen species were determined. SS erythrocytes displayed increased rates of oxidation of hemoglobin and membrane lipid peroxidation compared to normal erythrocytes (HbAA, AA erythrocytes), and the concentration of EGb 761 necessary to achieve the same antioxidant effect in SS erythrocytes was at least two times higher than in normal ones, inhibiting the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (IC50 of 13.6 µg/mL), partially preventing lipid peroxidation (IC50 of 242.5 µg/mL) and preventing hemolysis (IC50 of 10.5 µg/mL). Thus, EGb 761 has a beneficial effect on the oxidative status of SS erythrocytes. Moreover, EGb 761 failed to prevent oxidation of hemoglobin and reduced glutathione at the concentrations examined.
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Adesanoye OA, Molehin OR, Delima AA, Adefegha AS, Farombi EO. Modulatory effect of methanolic extract ofVernonia amygdalina(MEVA) on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced erythrocyte haemolysis. Cell Biochem Funct 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Omolola A. Adesanoye
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan; Nigeria
| | - Olorunfemi R. Molehin
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan; Nigeria
| | - Adetutu A. Delima
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan; Nigeria
| | - Adeniyi S. Adefegha
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan; Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O. Farombi
- Drug Metabolism & Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine; University of Ibadan; Ibadan; Nigeria
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Hematological Parameters and RBC TBARS Level of Q 10 Supplemented Tribal Sickle Cell Patients: A Hospital Based Study. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 28:185-8. [PMID: 24426207 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-012-0277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The study has been undertaken as number of sickle cell patients in Chhattisgarh tribal population is 23.7 %. The Co enzyme Q10 is a strong antioxidant and energy producing compound. The patients were divided into three groups group A homozygous (SS), group B heterozygous (AS) and group C controls for TBARS study. The age group is 10-55 years and 200 mg of CoQ10 was given to A and B groups. The hematological parameters, C reactive protein as well as RBC TBARS level were performed by usual and standard techniques. The results were obtained as 25.37 % increased RBC level in group A and 23.24 % in group B. The increased hemoglobin level was observed as 16.73 % in group A and 10.7 % in group B. In case of WBC it was observed increased 24.38 % in group A and 12.0 % in group B. C-reactive protein was observed 7.8 times decreased in group A and 1.54 times in group B. The RBC TBARS level was also found decreased 48 % in group A and 51 % in group B as compared to group C. During the supplementation of coenzyme Q10 the pain caused by vaso-occlusive events has reduced. This significant increase in hematological parameters as well as decreased C-reactive protein and TBARS level suggest that the Q10 should be included in the diet of sickle cell patients.
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Abstract
The role of oxidant damage to red cells in sickle cell anaemia has been of interest in recent years. Although, available reports suggest that sickle cell erythrocytes are susceptible to endogenous free radical mediated oxidant damage there remains discrepancy in the status of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant vitamins in these patients. In view of this, 107 cases of sickle cell anaemia (36 'SS' and 71 'AS' pattern-as confirmed by haemoglobin electrophoresis) were subjected to analysis of malondialdehyde, ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase and albumin. The results were compared with 54 age and sex matched healthy controls. The results indicate a marked increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase levels in both 'SS' and 'AS' types of sickle cell anaemia as compared to controls. Although no difference was observed in the levels of albumin in these groups the levels of ascorbic acid were significantly depleted in sickle cell anaemia patients. The results are indicative of enhanced lipid peroxidation along with imbalance in the pro-oxidant and antioxidant status in patients of sickle cell anaemia.
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Tosqui P, Colombo MF. Neuroglobin and cytoglobin: two new members of globin family. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2012; 33:307-11. [PMID: 23049323 PMCID: PMC3415764 DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20110082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The globin family has long been defined by myoglobin and hemoglobin, proteins with the functions of oxygen storage and transportation, respectively. Recently, two new members of this family were discovered: neuroglobin present in neurons and retinal cells and cytoglobin found in various types of tissue. The increased expression of these proteins in hypoxic conditions first suggested a role in oxygen supply. However structural and functional differences, such as the hexacoordinated heme, a high autoxidation rate and different concentrations between different cellular types, have dismissed this hypothesis. The protective role of these globins has already been established. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated increased survival of neurons under stress in the presence of neuroglobin and increased resistance to neurodegenerative diseases. However the mechanism remains unknown. Functions, including detoxification of nitric oxide, free radical scavenging and as an antioxidant and signaling of apoptosis, have also been suggested for neuroglobin and an antifibrotic function for cytoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Tosqui
- Physics Department, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - IBILCE-UNESP, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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The antioxidant mechanisms underlying the aged garlic extract- and S-allylcysteine-induced protection. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:907162. [PMID: 22685624 PMCID: PMC3363007 DOI: 10.1155/2012/907162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is an odorless garlic preparation containing S-allylcysteine (SAC) as its most abundant compound. A large number of studies have demonstrated the antioxidant activity of AGE and SAC in both in vivo--in diverse experimental animal models associated to oxidative stress--and in vitro conditions--using several methods to scavenge reactive oxygen species or to induce oxidative damage. Derived from these experiments, the protective effects of AGE and SAC have been associated with the prevention or amelioration of oxidative stress. In this work, we reviewed different antioxidant mechanisms (scavenging of free radicals and prooxidant species, induction of antioxidant enzymes, activation of Nrf2 factor, inhibition of prooxidant enzymes, and chelating effects) involved in the protective actions of AGE and SAC, thereby emphasizing their potential use as therapeutic agents. In addition, we highlight the ability of SAC to activate Nrf2 factor--a master regulator of the cellular redox state. Here, we include original data showing the ability of SAC to activate Nrf2 factor in cerebral cortex. Therefore, we conclude that the therapeutic properties of these molecules comprise cellular and molecular mechanisms at different levels.
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Chikezie PC, Uwakwe AA. Membrane stability of sickle erythrocytes incubated in extracts of three medicinal plants: Anacardium occidentale, Psidium guajava, and Terminalia catappa. Pharmacogn Mag 2011; 7:121-5. [PMID: 21716621 PMCID: PMC3113350 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.80669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many reports showed that medicinal plant extracts cause alterations on the shape and physiology of erythrocytes. OBJECTIVE The present study seeks to ascertain the osmotic stability of sickle erythrocytes incubated in aqueous extracts of Anacardium occidentale, Psidium guajava, and Terminalia catappa. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fraction of erythrocytes lysed when suspended in saline solution of varying concentrations was investigated by spectrophotometric method. The percentage hemolysis of erythrocytes in the control and test samples showed a sigmoidal relationship with increasing concentrations of saline solution. Membrane stability was ascertained as mean corpuscular fragility (MCF) index of erythrocytes incubated in 400 and 800 mg/dL aqueous concentrations of the three plant extracts. RESULTS The two experimental concentrations of P. guajava and T. catappa protected the erythrocytes against osmotic stress, as evidenced by decreases in the values of MCF compared with the control sample (P < 0.05). However, 800 mg/dL of A. occidentale promoted significant (P < 0.05) distabilization of sickle erythrocytes. CONCLUSION Whereas the two experimental concentrations of aqueous extracts of P. guajava and T. catappa stabilized erythrocyte membrane, higher concentration (800 mg/dL) of A. occidentale exhibited no membrane protective effect.
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Gizi A, Papassotiriou I, Apostolakou F, Lazaropoulou C, Papastamataki M, Kanavaki I, Kalotychou V, Goussetis E, Kattamis A, Rombos I, Kanavakis E. Assessment of oxidative stress in patients with sickle cell disease: The glutathione system and the oxidant–antioxidant status. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 46:220-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Chikezie PC. Levels of two oxidative stress indicators of human sickle erythrocytes incubated in aqueous extracts of Anacardium occidentale, Psidium guajava and Terminalia catappa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5530/ax.2011.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yuditskaya S, Suffredini AF, J Kato G. The proteome of sickle cell disease: insights from exploratory proteomic profiling. Expert Rev Proteomics 2010; 7:833-48. [PMID: 21142886 PMCID: PMC3068560 DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The expanding realm of exploratory proteomics has added a unique dimension to the study of the complex pathophysiology involved in sickle cell disease. A review of proteomic studies published on sickle cell erythrocytes and plasma shows trends of upregulation of antioxidant proteins, an increase in cytoskeletal defects, an increase in protein repair and turnover components, a decrease in lipid raft proteins and apolipoprotein dysregulation. Many of these findings are consistent with the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease, including high oxidant burden, resulting in damage to cytoskeletal and other proteins, and erythrocyte rigidity. More unexpected findings, such as a decrease in lipid raft components and apolipoprotein dysregulation, offer previously unexplored targets for future investigation and potential therapeutic intervention. Exploratory proteomic profiling is a valuable source of hypothesis generation for the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gregory J Kato
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, MD, USA
- Sickle Cell Vascular Disease Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, MSC 1476, Building 10-CRC, Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD 20892-1476, USA
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Nur E, Brandjes DP, Schnog JJB, Otten HM, Fijnvandraat K, Schalkwijk CG, Biemond BJ. Plasma levels of advanced glycation end products are associated with haemolysis-related organ complications in sickle cell patients. Br J Haematol 2010; 151:62-9. [PMID: 20678158 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08320.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). Plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are increased under oxidative conditions and are associated with disease severity in diabetes and inflammatory diseases. We investigated whether AGEs are increased in sickle cell patients and whether they are associated with SCD-related complications. Plasma levels of the AGEs pentosidine, N(ε) -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and N(ε) -(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) were measured using single-column high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (pentosidine) and ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (CML and CEL). Plasma levels of pentosidine and CML were increased in HbSS/HbSβ⁰-thalassaemia (n=60) and HbSC/HbSβ(+) -thalassaemia (n=42) patients during steady state as compared to healthy HbAA controls (n=30) without increments during painful crisis. CEL levels were comparable between all groups. Pentosidine and CML levels correlated significantly to haemolytic rate during the clinically asymptomatic state while pentosidine was significantly related to the number of haemolysis-related organ complications. The increased plasma AGE levels in sickle cell patients and their association with haemolysis and haemolysis-related complications suggest AGEs might be implicated in the pathophysiology of the haemolytic phenotype of SCD. Measurement of AGEs might be useful in predicting organ complications in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Nur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Slotervaart Hospital Department of Haematology Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Presley TD, Perlegas AS, Bain LE, Ballas SK, Nichols JS, Sabio H, Gladwin MT, Kato GJ, Kim-Shapiro DB. Effects of a single sickling event on the mechanical fragility of sickle cell trait erythrocytes. Hemoglobin 2010; 34:24-36. [PMID: 20113285 PMCID: PMC3226741 DOI: 10.3109/03630260903546999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hemolysis contributes to the pathology associated with sickle cell disease. However, the mechanism of hemolysis or relative contribution of sickling due to hemoglobin (Hb) polymerization vs. oxidative damage remains unknown. Earlier studies aimed at deciphering the relative importance of these two mechanisms have been complicated by the fact that sickle red cells (SS) have already been affected by multiple rounds of sickling and oxidative damage before they are collected. In our study, we examine the mechanical fragility of sickle cell trait cells, which do not sickle in vivo, but can be made to do so in vitro. Thus, our novel approach explores the effects of sickle Hb polymerization on cells that have never been sickled before. We find that the mechanical fragility of these cells increases dramatically after a single sickling event, suggesting that a substantial amount of hemolysis in vivo probably occurs in polymer-containing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lauren E. Bain
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109
| | - Samir K. Ballas
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, 19107
| | - James S. Nichols
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center; NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Hernan Sabio
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Mark T. Gladwin
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Division University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Hemostasis and Vascular Biology Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Gregory J. Kato
- Pulmonary and Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Tokumasu F, Nardone GA, Ostera GR, Fairhurst RM, Beaudry SD, Hayakawa E, Dvorak JA. Altered membrane structure and surface potential in homozygous hemoglobin C erythrocytes. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5828. [PMID: 19503809 PMCID: PMC2688750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemoglobin C differs from normal hemoglobin A by a glutamate-to-lysine substitution at position 6 of beta globin and is oxidatively unstable. Compared to homozygous AA erythrocytes, homozygous CC erythrocytes contain higher levels of membrane-associated hemichromes and more extensively clustered band 3 proteins. These findings suggest that CC erythrocytes have a different membrane matrix than AA erythrocytes. Methodology and Findings We found that AA and CC erythrocytes differ in their membrane lipid composition, and that a subset of CC erythrocytes expresses increased levels of externalized phosphatidylserine. Detergent membrane analyses for raft marker proteins indicated that CC erythrocyte membranes are more resistant to detergent solubilization. These data suggest that membrane raft organization is modified in CC erythrocytes. In addition, the average zeta potential (a measure of surface electrochemical potential) of CC erythrocytes was ≈2 mV lower than that of AA erythrocytes, indicating that substantial rearrangements occur in the membrane matrix of CC erythrocytes. We were able to recapitulate this low zeta potential phenotype in AA erythrocytes by treating them with NaNO2 to oxidize hemoglobin A molecules and increase levels of membrane-associated hemichromes. Conclusion Our data support the possibility that increased hemichrome deposition and altered lipid composition induce molecular rearrangements in CC erythrocyte membranes, resulting in a unique membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuki Tokumasu
- Biophysical and Biochemical Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
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Manfredini V, Lazzaretti LL, Griebeler IH, Santin AP, Brandão VDM, Wagner S, Castro SM, Peralba MDCR, Benfato MS. Blood antioxidant parameters in sickle cell anemia patients in steady state. J Natl Med Assoc 2008; 100:897-902. [PMID: 18717139 DOI: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary disorder with higher potential for oxidative damage due to chronic redox imbalance in red cells. We measured antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). We also determined oxidative damage of proteins in hemolysate of red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma (carbonyl assay). We characterized the membrane damage in terms of lipid peroxidation by accumulation of malonaldehyde (MDA) by HPLC in 30 healthy controls and 20 SCA patients in steady-state condition. Twenty (9 males/11 females) adult SCA patients and 30 healthy controls were studied. All patients and control subjects had antioxidant (CAT, GPx, SOD, carbonyl and MDA) and hematological parameters done. Our data show that SCA patients had significant higher GPx and SOD activities than healthy controls. Carbonyl assay was noted in plasma but not in hemolysate. An enhanced production of MDA was observed in the serum of SCA patients. Our data support the growing evidence that patients with SCA are subjected to chronic oxidative stress and are able to oxidative damage in biological macromolecules such as proteins and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanusa Manfredini
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Biofíisica (IB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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43
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Morris CR, Suh JH, Hagar W, Larkin S, Bland DA, Steinberg MH, Vichinsky EP, Shigenaga M, Ames B, Kuypers FA, Klings ES. Erythrocyte glutamine depletion, altered redox environment, and pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell disease. Blood 2007; 111:402-10. [PMID: 17848621 PMCID: PMC2200820 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-04-081703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythrocyte glutathione depletion has been linked to hemolysis and oxidative stress. Glutamine plays an additional antioxidant role through preservation of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) levels, required for glutathione recycling. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which occurs in the setting of increased hemolysis and oxidative stress, contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in sickle cell disease (SCD). We hypothesized that altered glutathione and glutamine metabolism play a role in this process. Total glutathione (and its precursors) and glutamine were assayed in plasma and erythrocytes of 40 SCD patients and 9 healthy volunteers. Erythrocyte total glutathione and glutamine levels were significantly lower in SCD patients than in healthy volunteers. Glutamine depletion was independently associated with PH, defined as a tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV) of at least 2.5 m/s. The ratio of erythrocyte glutamine:glutamate correlated inversely to TRV (r = -0.62, P < .001), plasma arginase concentration (r = -0.45, P = .002), and plasma-free hemoglobin level (r = -0.41, P = .01), linking erythrocyte glutamine depletion to dysregulation of the arginine-NO pathway and increased hemolytic rate. Decreased erythrocyte glutathione and glutamine levels contribute to alterations in the erythrocyte redox environment, which may compromise erythrocyte integrity, contribute to hemolysis, and play a role in the pathogenesis of PH of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R Morris
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland, 747 52nd St, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.
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Shen AY, Tsai JH, Teng HC, Huang MH, Wu SN. Inhibition of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel and cytoprotective properties of 4-piperidinomethyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol. J Pharm Pharmacol 2007; 59:679-85. [PMID: 17524233 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.5.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ionic mechanisms and cytoprotective activities of 4-piperidinomethyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol (THPI), an analogue of thymol, were investigated in HL-60 granulocytes and in human erythrocytes, respectively. THPI inhibited K+ outward current (I(K)) in a concentration-dependent manner in HL-60 leukocytes, with an IC50 value of 4 microM. Neither iberiotoxin (200 nM) nor paxilline (1 microM) suppressed the amplitude of I(K), whereas clotrimazole (5 microM) significantly inhibited it. In the inside-out configuration of single channel recordings, application of THPI (5 microM) into the bath medium did not alter the single-channel conductance of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (IK(Ca)) channels (i.e K(Ca)3.1 channels), but it suppressed the channel activity significantly. THPI-induced inhibition of IK(Ca) channels was reversed by a further application of 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone (10 microM). THPI-induced reduction in IK(Ca)-channel activity in these cells was primarily due to a decrease in mean open time. These results provide direct evidence that THPI is capable of suppressing the activity of IK(Ca) channels in HL-60 cells. The antioxidant action of THPI also revealed a beneficial cytoprotective effect against mitomycin C-mediated haemolytic effect in human erythrocytes. The results of this study suggest that blockade of IK(Ca) channels and the membrane-protecting activity of THPI would combine to have beneficial effects in lessening the severity of haemolytic crisis and reducing anaemia in sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Yu Shen
- Basic Medical Science Education Center, Fooyin University, Ta-Liao Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan
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. MS, . GC, . KP. Protective Effect of Solanum surattense Leaf-Extract on Blood Glucose, Oxidative Stress and Hepatic Marker Enzymes in STZ-Diabetic Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/ajb.2007.247.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kinoshita A, Nakayama Y, Kitayama T, Tomita M. Simulation study of methemoglobin reduction in erythrocytes. Differential contributions of two pathways to tolerance to oxidative stress. FEBS J 2007; 274:1449-58. [PMID: 17489100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05685.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Methemoglobin (metHb), an oxidized form of hemoglobin, is unable to bind and carry oxygen. Erythrocytes are continuously subjected to oxidative stress and nitrite exposure, which results in the spontaneous formation of metHb. To avoid the accumulation of metHb, reductive pathways mediated by cytochrome b5 or flavin, coupled with NADH-dependent or NADPH-dependent metHb reductases, respectively, keep the level of metHb in erythrocytes at less than 1% of the total hemoglobin under normal conditions. In this work, a mathematical model has been developed to quantitatively assess the relative contributions of the two major metHb-reducing pathways, taking into consideration the supply of NADH and NADPH from central energy metabolism. The results of the simulation experiments suggest that these pathways have different roles in the reduction of metHb; one has a high response rate to hemoglobin oxidation with a limited reducing flux, and the other has a low response rate with a high capacity flux. On the basis of the results of our model, under normal oxidative conditions, the NADPH-dependent system, the physiological role of which to date has been unclear, is predicted to be responsible for most of the reduction of metHb. In contrast, the cytochrome b5-NADH pathway becomes dominant under conditions of excess metHb accumulation, only after the capacity of the flavin-NADPH pathway has reached its limit. We discuss the potential implications of a system designed with two metHb-reducing pathways in human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kinoshita
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-8520, Japan
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MORENA M, CANAUD B, TERRIER N, CANAUD L, CRISTOL JP. Oxidative stress complex syndrome: The dark side of the malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome. Hemodial Int 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2007.00144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Quintanar-Escorza MA, González-Martínez MT, Navarro L, Maldonado M, Arévalo B, Calderón-Salinas JV. Intracellular free calcium concentration and calcium transport in human erythrocytes of lead-exposed workers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2007; 220:1-8. [PMID: 17292428 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 10/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Erythrocytes are the route of lead distribution to organs and tissues. The effect of lead on calcium homeostasis in human erythrocytes and other excitable cells is not known. In the present work we studied the effect of lead intoxication on the uptake and efflux (measured as (Ca(2+)-Mg(2+))-ATPase activity) of calcium were studied in erythrocytes obtained from lead-exposed workers. Blood samples were taken from 15 workers exposed to lead (blood lead concentration 74.4+/-21.9 microg/dl) and 15 non-exposed workers (9.9+/-2 microg/dl). In erythrocytes of lead-exposed workers, the intracellular free calcium was 79+/-13 nM, a significantly higher concentration (ANOVA, P<0.01) than the one detected in control (30+/-9 nM). The enhanced intracellular free calcium was associated with a higher osmotic fragility and with important modifications in erythrocytes shape. The high intracellular free calcium in lead-exposed workers was also related to a 100% increase in calcium incorporation and to 50% reduction of (Ca(2+)-Mg(2+))-ATPase activity. Lipid peroxidation was 1.7-fold higher in erythrocytes of lead-exposed workers as compared with control. The alteration on calcium equilibrium in erythrocytes is discussed in light of the toxicological effects in lead-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Quintanar-Escorza
- Department of Biochemistry, CINVESTAV-IPN, P.O. Box 14-740, Mexico City 07000, Mexico
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49
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Ahmed FN, Naqvi FN, Shafiq F. Lipid Peroxidation and Serum Antioxidant Enzymes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1084:481-9. [PMID: 17151323 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1372.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia, with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Persons are also known to be prone to develop complications related to elevated blood glucose concentrations, including atherosclerosis, retinal damage, cataract, and neuropathy. Hyperglycemia may also result in increased production of the reactive oxygen species within numerous biochemical pathways that have the potential to initiate changes in endothelial function. This article demonstrates the presence of lipid peroxidation products in the red cell membranes of type 2 diabetic patients compared to the normal subjects. These membranes are more susceptible to exogenous oxidative stress than those of normal healthy individuals. Significantly higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely, serum peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were found in type 2 diabetic patients as compared to control. This study led us to conclude that elevated levels of glucose induce oxidative stress that is ultimately reflected by the increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in erythrocyte ghost membranes of diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia also induced an increase in antioxidant enzymes and a relationship seems to exist between diabetic complications and elevated levels of these enzymes. It is suggested that these antioxidant enzymes may be considered as markers for vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feroza N Ahmed
- Department of Genetics, University of Karachi, Karachi-752 70, Pakistan
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50
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Farombi EO, Ekor M. Curcumin attenuates gentamicin-induced renal oxidative damage in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 44:1443-8. [PMID: 16814915 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2005] [Revised: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation reports the effect of curcumin, an antioxidant, on gentamicin-induced-renal oxidative damage in rats. Curcumin (200 mg/kg p.o.) was administered for 2 weeks before and 1 week simultaneously with gentamicin (100 mg/kg i.p.). Saline treated rats served as control. Serum creatinine, blood urea (BUN), urinary protein, glucose, urine gamma glutamyl transferase and urine volume increased in rats treated with gentamicin while creatinine clearance decreased compared to controls P<0.001. Renal histological examination revealed tubular necrosis. Curcumin significantly normalized the above parameters. Gentamicin decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), gutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and the level of glutathione (GSH) but the activity of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD) was unaltered compared to control. Curcumin attenuated the gentamicin-induced reduction in the activities of CAT, GSHPx and level of GSH by 31%, 55% and 74%, respectively. Curcumin attenuated the gentamicin-induced increases in both plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and kidney MDA by 57% and 62%, respectively, as well as lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) formation by 52% and 56% in rat plasma and kidney, respectively. However, Curcumin did not reduce gentamicin-induced formation of LOOH, both in the plasma and kidney, in the presence of exogenous oxidants (1 mM FeSO4, 1 mM ascorbate, 0.2 mM H2O2). Our data indicate that the natural antioxidant curcumin can be a potent protective agent against renal oxidative damage mediated by gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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