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Shah D, Challagundla N, Dave V, Patidar A, Saha B, Nivsarkar M, Trivedi VB, Agrawal-Rajput R. Berberine mediates tumor cell death by skewing tumor-associated immunosuppressive macrophages to inflammatory macrophages. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153904. [PMID: 35231825 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is a plant-derived alkaloid with potent anti-cancer activities. Berberine may redirect the tumor-promoting immunosuppressive M2 macrophages, to tumoricidal activated M1 macrophages. But such an anti-tumor function remains to be demonstrated. HYPOTHESIS Polarization of macrophages to an immunosuppressive phenotype within the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and contributes to resistance to chemotherapy. We examined if berberine would target macrophage polarization to reinstate anti-tumor immune response. STUDY DESIGN Using a B16F10 mouse melanoma model, we assessed berberine-induced re-polarization of immunosuppressive M2 macrophages to anti-tumor M1 macrophages and subsequent T-cell activation within the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. METHODS The B16F10 culture supernatant along with tumor antigen was used as tumor mimicking conditioned medium (CM). The bone marrow-derived macrophages were cultured in CM for 5 days. The CM-induced skewing of macrophages to M2-like phenotype was confirmed by flow cytometry and ELISA. The T-cells were co-cultured with macrophages to decipher the effect of berberine on T-cell differentiation. In vivo efficacy of berberine was analyzed using melanoma model of solid tumor. RESULTS Berberine inhibited rIL-6-induced STAT-3 phosphorylation and IL-10 release from B16F10 cells. It enhanced tumor antigen-induced IL-1β, IL-12 and TNFα, but suppressed IL-6 and TGF-β release. Berberine significantly prevented the tumor antigen-mediated IL-10-enhanced IL-6 and TGF-β expression. The CM skewed the bone marrow-derived macrophages to CD206-high but MHC-II-low M2-like tumor-associated macrophages. Berberine partially prevented the generation of these macrophages and was associated with reduced C/EBPβ and Egr2 mRNA expression and lowered IL-10 and TGF-β production. Berberine significantly reduced Arginase-1 expression in CM-treated M1 and M2-like macrophages. Berberine increased MHC-II and CD40 expression on the macrophages augmenting the CTL activity and the number of IFNγ-producing CD4+ T-cells. Berberine significantly lowered tumor volume, weight and enhanced the frequency of M1-like macrophages in mice. CONCLUSION These data indicate that berberine interferes with pro-tumor macrophage polarization and IL-10 and TGF-β release but restores Tcell anti-tumor cytotoxicity in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruvi Shah
- Immunology Lab, Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 426, India
| | - Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology Lab, Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 426, India
| | - Vaidehi Dave
- Immunology Lab, Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 426, India
| | - Ashok Patidar
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune 411 007, India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune 411 007, India
| | - Manish Nivsarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B.V. Patel PERD Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 054, India
| | - Varsha B Trivedi
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immuno haematology, IKDRC-ITS, Ahmedabad 380 016, India
| | - Reena Agrawal-Rajput
- Immunology Lab, Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 426, India.
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Jin H, Li J, Zhang M, Luo R, Lu P, Zhang W, Zhang J, Pi J, Zheng W, Mai Z, Ding X, Liu X, Ouyang S, Huang G. Berberine-Loaded Biomimetic Nanoparticles Attenuate Inflammation of Experimental Allergic Asthma via Enhancing IL-12 Expression. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724525. [PMID: 34858170 PMCID: PMC8630696 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic pulmonary disorders, affecting more than 330 million people worldwide. Unfortunately, there are still no specific treatments for asthma so far. Therefore, it is very important to develop effective therapeutics and medicines to deal with this intractable disease. Berberine (Ber) has fabulous anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, while its low water solubility and bioavailability greatly limit its curative efficiency. To improve the nasal mucosa absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs, such as Ber, we developed a platelet membrane- (PM-) coated nanoparticle (NP) system (PM@Ber-NPs) for targeted delivery of berberine to the inflammatory lungs. In vivo, PM@Ber-NPs exhibited enhanced targeting retention in the inflammatory lungs compared with free Ber. In a mouse model of house dust mite- (HDM-) induced asthma, PM@Ber-NPs markedly inhibited lung inflammation, as evident by reduced inflammatory cells and inflammatory cytokines in the lung compared with free Ber. Collectively, our study demonstrated the inhibitory actions of nasally delivered nanomedicines on HDM-induced asthma, primarily through regulating Th1/Th2 balance by enhancing IL-12 expression which could potentially reduce lung inflammation and allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Miaoyuan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Renxing Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Peishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Junai Zhang
- College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Weixin Zheng
- College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zesen Mai
- College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaowen Ding
- College of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Suidong Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Gonghua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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3
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Dkhil MA, Abdel-Gaber R, Alojayri G, Thagfan FA, Al-Shaebi EM, Al-Quraishy S. Biosynthesized nanosilver as anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory agent against Plasmodium chabaudi infection in the mouse liver. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6254-6259. [PMID: 34759744 PMCID: PMC8568723 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of plant-mediated nanoparticle synthesis to combat infectious diseases has become increasingly significant. Malaria is one of the world's most infectious diseases caused by Plasmodium species. The antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of nanosilver biosynthesized from Indigofera oblongifolia leaf extracts (NS) against Plasmodium chabaudi infection of the mouse liver were investigated in this research. Male mice were infected with P. chabaudi infected erythrocytes then treated with NS for 7 days. The parasitemia was suppressed by approximately 24, 28, 47 and 75% on days 4, 5, 6 and 7 postinfection, respectively after treatment of mice with NS. Also, NS was able to regulate the leucocytes count and the IL1β and TNF-α-mRNA expression in mice. Ns could increase the antioxidant activity in liver of mice and was able to regulate the apoptotic genes, Bcl2 and Casp3. We showed that NS has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties when it was used to treat the livers of mice infected with P. chabaudi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Alojayri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Felwa A Thagfan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Ozturk M, Chia JE, Hazra R, Saqib M, Maine R, Guler R, Suzuki H, Mishra BB, Brombacher F, Parihar SP. Evaluation of Berberine as an Adjunct to TB Treatment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656419. [PMID: 34745081 PMCID: PMC8563784 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the global health problem with the second highest number of deaths from a communicable disease after COVID-19. Although TB is curable, poor health infrastructure, long and grueling TB treatments have led to the spread of TB pandemic with alarmingly increasing multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB prevalence. Alternative host modulating therapies can be employed to improve TB drug efficacies or dampen the exaggerated inflammatory responses to improve lung function. Here, we investigated the adjunct therapy of natural immune-modulatory compound berberine in C57BL/6 mouse model of pulmonary TB. Berberine treatment did not affect Mtb growth in axenic cultures; however, it showed increased bacterial killing in primary murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Ad libitum berberine administration was beneficial to the host in combination with rifampicin and isoniazid. Berberine adjunctive treatment resulted in decreased lung pathology with no additive or synergistic effects on bacterial burdens in mice. Lung immune cell flow cytometry analysis showed that adjunctive berberine treatment decreased neutrophil, CD11b+ dendritic cell and recruited interstitial macrophage numbers. Late onset of adjunctive berberine treatment resulted in a similar phenotype with consistently reduced numbers of neutrophils both in lungs and the spleen. Together, our results suggest that berberine can be supplemented as an immunomodulatory agent depending on the disease stage and inflammatory status of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Ozturk
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julius E. Chia
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rudranil Hazra
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mohd Saqib
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Rebeng A. Maine
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Reto Guler
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Harukazu Suzuki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Bibhuti B. Mishra
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Frank Brombacher
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Suraj P. Parihar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Immunology and South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) and Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Allylpyrocatechol ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury via SIRT1-mediated suppression of p65 and nucleocytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Preferential Selection and Contribution of Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) to the Efficient Transmission of Panzootic Avian Influenza H5N8 Virus Clades 2.3.4.4A and B in Chickens and Ducks. J Virol 2021; 95:e0044521. [PMID: 34160261 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00445-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 caused outbreaks in poultry at an unprecedented global scale. The virus was spread by wild birds in Asia in two waves: clade 2.3.4.4A in 2014/2015 and clade 2.3.4.4B from 2016 up to today. Both clades were highly virulent in chickens, but only clade B viruses exhibited high virulence in ducks. Viral factors which contribute to virulence and transmission of these panzootic H5N8 2.3.4.4 viruses are largely unknown. The NS1 protein, typically composed of 230 amino acids (aa), is a multifunctional protein which is also a pathogenicity factor. Here, we studied the evolutionary trajectory of H5N8 NS1 proteins from 2013 to 2019 and their role in the fitness of H5N8 viruses in chickens and ducks. Sequence analysis and in vitro experiments indicated that clade 2.3.4.4A and clade 2.3.4.4B viruses have a preference for NS1 of 237 aa and 217 aa, respectively, over NS1 of 230 aa. NS217 was exclusively seen in domestic and wild birds in Europe. The extension of the NS1 C terminus (CTE) of clade B virus reduced virus transmission and replication in chickens and ducks and partially impaired the systemic tropism to the endothelium in ducks. Conversely, lower impact on fitness of clade A virus was observed. Remarkably, the NS1 of clade A and clade B, regardless of length, was efficient in blocking interferon (IFN) induction in infected chickens, and changes in the NS1 C terminus reduced the efficiency for interferon antagonism. Together, the NS1 C terminus contributes to the efficient transmission and high fitness of H5N8 viruses in chickens and ducks. IMPORTANCE The panzootic H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of clade 2.3.4.4A and 2.3.4.4B devastated the poultry industry globally. Clade 2.3.4.4A was predominant in 2014/2015 while clade 2.3.4.4B was widely spread in 2016/2017. The two clades exhibited different pathotypes in ducks. Virus factors contributing to virulence and transmission are largely unknown. The NS1 protein is typically composed of 230 amino acids (aa) and is an essential interferon (IFN) antagonist. Here, we found that the NS1 protein of clade 2.3.4.4A preferentially evolved toward long NS1 with 237 aa, while clade 2.3.4.4B evolved toward shorter NS1 with 217 aa (exclusively found in Europe) due to stop codons in the C terminus (CTE). We showed that the NS1 CTE of H5N8 is required for efficient virus replication, transmission, and endotheliotropism in ducks. In chickens, H5N8 NS1 evolved toward higher efficiency to block IFN response. These findings may explain the preferential pattern for short NS1 and high fitness of the panzootic H5N8 in birds.
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7
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Wang Z, Li K, Maskey AR, Huang W, Toutov AA, Yang N, Srivastava K, Geliebter J, Tiwari R, Miao M, Li X. A small molecule compound berberine as an orally active therapeutic candidate against COVID-19 and SARS: A computational and mechanistic study. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21360. [PMID: 33749932 PMCID: PMC8250068 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001792r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has grown into a global pandemic and a major public health threat since its breakout in December 2019. To date, no specific therapeutic drug or vaccine for treating COVID-19 and SARS has been FDA approved. Previous studies suggest that berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, has shown various biological activities that may help against COVID-19 and SARS, including antiviral, anti-allergy and inflammation, hepatoprotection against drug- and infection-induced liver injury, as well as reducing oxidative stress. In particular, berberine has a wide range of antiviral activities such as anti-influenza, anti-hepatitis C, anti-cytomegalovirus, and anti-alphavirus. As an ingredient recommended in guidelines issued by the China National Health Commission for COVID-19 to be combined with other therapy, berberine is a promising orally administered therapeutic candidate against SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. The current study comprehensively evaluates the potential therapeutic mechanisms of berberine in preventing and treating COVID-19 and SARS using computational modeling, including target mining, gene ontology enrichment, pathway analyses, protein-protein interaction analysis, and in silico molecular docking. An orally available immunotherapeutic-berberine nanomedicine, named NIT-X, has been developed by our group and has shown significantly increased oral bioavailability of berberine, increased IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells, and inhibition of mast cell histamine release in vivo, suggesting a protective immune response. We further validated the inhibition of replication of SARS-CoV-2 in lung epithelial cells line in vitro (Calu3 cells) by berberine. Moreover, the expression of targets including ACE2, TMPRSS2, IL-1α, IL-8, IL-6, and CCL-2 in SARS-CoV-2 infected Calu3 cells were significantly suppressed by NIT-X. By supporting protective immunity while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines; inhibiting viral infection and replication; inducing apoptosis; and protecting against tissue damage, berberine is a promising candidate in preventing and treating COVID-19 and SARS. Given the high oral bioavailability and safety of berberine nanomedicine, the current study may lead to the development of berberine as an orally, active therapeutic against COVID-19 and SARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen‐Zhen Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
| | - Kun Li
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Anish R. Maskey
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of PathologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
| | | | - Nan Yang
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
- General Nutraceutical TechnologyElmsfordNYUSA
| | - Kamal Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
- General Nutraceutical TechnologyElmsfordNYUSA
| | - Jan Geliebter
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
- Department of OtolaryngologySchool of MedicineNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
| | - Raj Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
- Department of OtolaryngologySchool of MedicineNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medical ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiu‐Min Li
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
- Department of OtolaryngologySchool of MedicineNew York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA
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Bagheri A, Moezzi SMI, Mosaddeghi P, Nadimi Parashkouhi S, Fazel Hoseini SM, Badakhshan F, Negahdaripour M. Interferon-inducer antivirals: Potential candidates to combat COVID-19. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 91:107245. [PMID: 33348292 PMCID: PMC7705326 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infective disease generated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Given the pandemic urgency and lack of an effective cure for this disease, drug repurposing could open the way for finding a solution. Lots of investigations are ongoing to test the compounds already identified as antivirals. On the other hand, induction of type I interferons are found to play an important role in the generation of immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it was opined that the antivirals capable of triggering the interferons and their signaling pathway, could rationally be beneficial for treating COVID-19. On this basis, using a database of antivirals, called drugvirus, some antiviral agents were derived, followed by searches on their relevance to interferon induction. The examined list included drugs from different categories such as antibiotics, immunosuppressants, anti-cancers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), calcium channel blocker compounds, and some others. The results as briefed here, could help in finding potential drug candidates for COVID-19 treatment. However, their advantages and risks should be taken into account through precise studies, considering a systemic approach. Even though the adverse effects of some of these drugs may overweight their benefits, considering their mechanisms and structures may give a clue for designing novel drugs in the future. Furthermore, the antiviral effect and IFN-modifying mechanisms possessed by some of these drugs might lead to a synergistic effect against SARS-CoV-2, which deserve to be evaluated in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Bagheri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Iman Moezzi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pouria Mosaddeghi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sadra Nadimi Parashkouhi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Fazel Hoseini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Badakhshan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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9
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Mostafa A, Blaurock C, Scheibner D, Müller C, Blohm U, Schäfer A, Gischke M, Salaheldin AH, Nooh HZ, Ali MA, Breithaupt A, Mettenleiter TC, Pleschka S, Abdelwhab EM. Genetic incompatibilities and reduced transmission in chickens may limit the evolution of reassortants between H9N2 and panzootic H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 avian influenza virus showing high virulence for mammals. Virus Evol 2020; 6:veaa077. [PMID: 33343923 PMCID: PMC7733613 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented spread of H5N8- and H9N2-subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in birds across Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America poses a serious public health threat with a permanent risk of reassortment and the possible emergence of novel virus variants with high virulence in mammals. To gain information on this risk, we studied the potential for reassortment between two contemporary H9N2 and H5N8 viruses. While the replacement of the PB2, PA, and NS genes of highly pathogenic H5N8 by homologous segments from H9N2 produced infectious H5N8 progeny, PB1 and NP of H9N2 were not able to replace the respective segments from H5N8 due to residues outside the packaging region. Furthermore, exchange of the PB2, PA, and NS segments of H5N8 by those of H9N2 increased replication, polymerase activity and interferon antagonism of the H5N8 reassortants in human cells. Notably, H5N8 reassortants carrying the H9N2-subtype PB2 segment and to lesser extent the PA or NS segments showed remarkably increased virulence in mice as indicated by rapid onset of mortality, reduced mean time to death and increased body weight loss. Simultaneously, we observed that in chickens the H5N8 reassortants, particularly with the H9N2 NS segment, demonstrated significantly reduced transmission to co-housed chickens. Together, while the limited capacity for reassortment between co-circulating H9N2 and H5N8 viruses and the reduced bird-to-bird transmission of possible H5N8 reassortants in chickens may limit the evolution of such reassortant viruses, they show a higher replication potential in human cells and increased virulence in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christin Müller
- Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blohm
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Alexander Schäfer
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | | | | | - Hanaa Z Nooh
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72442, Aljouf Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Angele Breithaupt
- Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Pleschka
- Institute of Medical Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Schubertstrasse 81, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Bozcaarmutlu A, Sapmaz C, Bozdoğan Ö, Kükner A, Kılınç L, Kaya ST, Özarslan OT, Ekşioğlu D. The effect of co-administration of berberine, resveratrol, and glibenclamide on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in diabetic rat liver. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:990-998. [PMID: 32762264 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1802475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is possible to use plant-derived antioxidant molecules in the form of dietary supplements. However, dietary supplement-drug interaction pattern has not been well defined for most of these products. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of berberine, resveratrol, and glibenclamide on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin was administered to create experimental diabetes. Resveratrol (5 mg/kg) (R), glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) (G), and berberine (10 mg/kg) (B) were administered individually or in combinations in DMSO by intraperitoneal administration route to the diabetic rats. DMSO was also given to non-diabetic control (C) and diabetic control (D) groups. Livers of rats were taken under anesthesia at the end of the treatment period (12 days). Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD), aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H), erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were measured in microsomes and cytosols. In addition, histomorphological studies were also performed in the liver tissues. EROD activity of D+R was significantly higher than C and D+R+B. PROD activity of D+R was significantly higher than C, D, D+R+G, D+R+B, and D+R+B+ G. PROD activity of D+B was significantly higher than C and D+R+B. ERND activity of D+R was significantly higher than D+R+G and D+R+B. GST activity of D+R was significantly higher than D+R+G. CAT activity of D+B was significantly lower than C. It is clear that co-administration of resveratrol, berberine, and glibenclamide modifies some of the important xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities. Resveratrol and berberine have the potential to cause dietary supplement-drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Bozcaarmutlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Canan Sapmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Ömer Bozdoğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Aysel Kükner
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Leyla Kılınç
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Salih Tunç Kaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Oğulcan Talat Özarslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Didem Ekşioğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Gao Y, Wang F, Song Y, Liu H. The status of and trends in the pharmacology of berberine: a bibliometric review [1985-2018]. Chin Med 2020; 15:7. [PMID: 31988653 PMCID: PMC6971869 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-0288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine has significant antibacterial and antipyretic effects and is a commonly used drug for treating infectious diarrhoea. The current research data show that the pharmacological effects of berberine are numerous and complex, and researchers have been enthusiastic about this field. To allow researchers to quickly understand the field and to provide references for the direction of research, using bibliometrics, we analysed 1426 articles, dating from 1985 to 2018, in the field of berberine pharmacology. The research articles we found came from 69 countries/regions, 1381 institutions, 5675 authors, and 325 journals; they contained 3794 key words; they were written in 7 languages; and they were of 2 article types. This study summarizes and discusses the evolution of the historical themes of berberine pharmacology as well as the status quo and the future development directions from a holistic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxue Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Song
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yanuck SF, Pizzorno J, Messier H, Fitzgerald KN. Evidence Supporting a Phased Immuno-physiological Approach to COVID-19 From Prevention Through Recovery. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2020; 19:8-35. [PMID: 32425712 PMCID: PMC7190003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an evidence-based strategy for improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Recommendations are based on the phases of the disease, because optimal interventions for one phase may not be appropriate for a different phase. The four phases addressed are: Prevention, Infection, Inflammation and Recovery. Underlying this phased approach is recognition of emerging evidence for two different components of pathophysiology, early infection and late stage severe complications. These two aspects of the disease suggest two different patterns of clinical emphasis that seem on the surface to be not entirely concordant. We describe the application of therapeutic strategies and appropriate tactics that address four main stages of disease progression for COVID-19. Emerging evidence in COVID-19 suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 virus may both evade the innate immune response and kill macrophages. Delayed innate immune response and a depleted population of macrophages can theoretically result in a blunted antigen presentation, delaying and diminishing activation of the adaptive immune response. Thus, one clinical strategy involves supporting patient innate and adaptive immune responses early in the time course of illness, with the goal of improving the timeliness, readiness, and robustness of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. At the other end of the disease pathology spectrum, risk of fatality in COVID-19 is driven by excessive and persistent upregulation of inflammatory mechanisms associated with cytokine storm. Thus, the second clinical strategy is to prevent or mitigate excessive inflammatory response to prevent the cytokine storm associated with high mortality risk. Clinical support for immune system pathogen clearance mechanisms involves obligate activation of immune response components that are inherently inflammatory. This puts the goals of the first clinical strategy (immune activation) potentially at odds with the goals of the second strategy(mitigation of proinflammatory effects). This creates a need for discernment about the time course of the illness and with that, understanding of which components of an overall strategy to apply at each phase of the time course of the illness. We review evidence from early observational studies and the existing literature on both outcomes and mechanisms of disease, to inform a phased approach to support the patient at risk for infection, with infection, with escalating inflammation during infection, and at risk of negative sequelae as they move into recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- SF Yanuck
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Yanuck Center for Life & Health; Cogence Immunology; Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Pizzorno
- Editor-in-Chief, Integrative Medicine, A Clinicians Journal; Coauthor, Textbook of Natural Medicine; Chair, Board of Directors, Institute for Functional Medicine; Founding President, Bastyr University; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - H Messier
- Medical Director, Altum Medical; Chief Medical Officer, Medical Intelligence Learning Labs; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - KN Fitzgerald
- Clinic Director, Sandy Hook Functional Medicine; Sandy Hook, CT, USA
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Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Barberry ( Berberis vulgaris) and Its Main Compounds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6183965. [PMID: 31827685 PMCID: PMC6885761 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6183965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris is a well-known herb in Iran that is widely used as a medicinal plant and a food additive. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Barberry and its main compounds. This narrative review was conducted by searching keywords such as B. vulgaris, Barberry, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, medicinal herbs, plants, and extract, separately or combined in various databases, such as Web of Sciences, PubMed, and Scopus. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, just English language articles, which reported effective whole plants or herbal compounds, were included. 21 articles were reviewed in this study. In the in vivo models (mice, rats, and human cells) and in the in vitro models (some organ cells such as the spleen, kidney, blood, and brain), B. vulgaris and its main components showed anti-inflammatory effects in both models. The main mechanisms were the shift of cell immune response to Th2, T reg induction, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF, and IFN-γ), and stimulation of IL-4 and IL-10. The induction of apoptosis in APCs and other effector cells was another important mechanism.
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Effect of Indigofera oblongifolia on the Hepatic Oxidative Status and Expression of Inflammatory and Apoptotic Genes during Blood-Stage Murine Malaria. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8264861. [PMID: 30838089 PMCID: PMC6374864 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8264861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a dangerous disease spread across several countries. Recent studies have focused on medicinal plants to discover alternative agents to the currently used drugs for malaria treatment. Here, we investigated the potential role of Indigofera oblongifolia leaf extract (IE) on hepatic inflammation in mice with Plasmodium chabaudi-infected erythrocytes. Female C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups. The first group served as a control noninfected group, while the second and third groups were intraperitoneally injected with 106 erythrocytes parasitized by P. chabaudi. Mice from the third group were treated daily with a dose of 100 mg/kg of IE for 7 days. IE significantly reduced the number of leukocytes and apoptotic cells. The numbers of CD68-positive cells decreased in the livers of mice from the treatment group. Moreover, IE raised the hepatic antioxidant levels (glutathione and catalase) and reduced the levels of hepatic oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species). IE regulated some functions of the genes related to immune responses, including apoptotic genes (B-cell lymphoma-2, Bax, and caspase-3) and cytokine genes (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α). Therefore, IE exerts significant effects against malaria and protects the liver from injury caused by P. chabaudi via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ways.
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Du J, Ding X, Zhang X, Zhao X, Shan H, Wang F. Berberine attenuate staphylococcal enterotoxin B-mediated acute liver injury via regulating HDAC expression. AMB Express 2018; 8:158. [PMID: 30276552 PMCID: PMC6167266 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) has been documented to be implicated in the pathogenesis of liver injury in the experimental models of hepatitis. However, the underlying mechanism of SEB-induced acute liver injury (ALI) remains to be further explored. In our study, we explored the therapeutic effectiveness of berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid, in the SEB-induced ALI. In our study, we found that injection of SEB into d-galactosamine (d-gal)-sensitized mice induced ALI, as demonstrated by an increase of levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, massive infiltration of immune cells into the liver, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. However, intragastric administration of BBR attenuated SEB-induced ALI in mice. Meanwhile, we discovered that BBR treatment suppressed activation of splenocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Moreover, mechanistic analyses demonstrated that BBR was effective at inhibiting the expression of class I HDAC, but not class II, in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Furthermore, trichostatin A, a standard HDAC inhibitor, alleviated activation of splenocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Taken together, we inferred from these results that BBR attenuated SEB-mediated ALI through repressing the class I HDAC enzyme, suggesting that BBR may constitute a novel therapeutic modality to prevent SEB-mediated inflammation and ALI.
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Hesari A, Ghasemi F, Cicero AFG, Mohajeri M, Rezaei O, Hayat SMG, Sahebkar A. Berberine: A potential adjunct for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers? J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9655-9663. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AmirReza Hesari
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Omid Rezaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Mahdavi Siuki M, Fazel Nasab N, Barati E, Nezafat Firizi M, Jalilvand T, Namdar Ahmadabad H. The protective effect of berberine against lipopolysaccharide-induced abortion by modulation of inflammatory/immune responses. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:333-337. [PMID: 30003821 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1485155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine is an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of berberine in prevention of LPS-induced abortion. MATERIALS AND METHODS On the gestation day (GD) 9.5, the pregnant mice were injected with low, medium, and high doses of berberine or with PBS. After 4 h, berberine or PBS-pretreated mice were injected with LPS. On GD 11.5, blood samples and uterine tissues were collected from treated mice and percentage of abortion and serum levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL12p70 were measured by macroscopic examination and sandwich ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Our findings show that mice injected with berberine were resistant to LPS-induced abortion. We also found that this treatment prevents the reduction of IL-10 and the enhancement of NO, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 in LPS-treated pregnant mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that berberine as an anti-inflammatory agent has protective effects on LPS-induced abortion by modulation of inflammatory/immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahdavi Siuki
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nafiseh Fazel Nasab
- b Department of English Language , Eghbal Lahoori Institute of Higher Education , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Elham Barati
- c Department of Biology , Payame Noor University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Maryam Nezafat Firizi
- d Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Tahereh Jalilvand
- e Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Hasan Namdar Ahmadabad
- d Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
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Afrin F, Fernandez CP, Flores RA, Kim WH, Jeong J, Chang HH, Kim S, Lillehoj HS, Min W. Downregulation of common cytokine receptor γ chain inhibits inflammatory responses in macrophages stimulated with Riemerella anatipestifer. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 81:225-234. [PMID: 29241952 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Th17-cell-mediated inflammation is affected by the soluble form of common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc). We previously suggested that inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-17A are associated with Riemerella anatipestifer infection, which a harmful bacterial pathogen in ducks. Here, the expression profiles of membrane-associated γc (duγc-a) and soluble γc (duγc-b) in R. anatipestifer-stimulated splenic lymphocytes and macrophages, and in the spleens and livers of R. anatipestifer-infected ducks, were investigated. In vitro and in vivo results indicated that the expression levels of both forms of γc were increased, showing that marked increases were detected in the expression of the duγc-b form rather than the duγc-a form. Treatment with γc-specific siRNA downregulated mRNA expression of Th17-related cytokines, including IL-17A and IL-17F, in duck splenic macrophages stimulated with R. anatipestifer, whereas the expressions of interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-2 were enhanced. The results showed that the upregulation of γc, especially the duγc-b form, was associated with expression of Th17-related cytokines during R. anatipestifer infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Afrin
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Cherry P Fernandez
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Rochelle A Flores
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Woo H Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jipseol Jeong
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, South Korea
| | - Hong H Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Suk Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Wongi Min
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Animal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
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Wu X, Li X, Dang Z, Jia Y. Berberine demonstrates anti‐inflammatory properties in
Helicobacter pylori
‐infected mice with chronic gastritis by attenuating the Th17 response triggered by the B cell‐activating factor. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5373-5381. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Wu
- Department of Liver Spleen and StomachHenan Province Hospital of TCMZhengzhouChina
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Liver Spleen and StomachHenan Province Hospital of TCMZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhongqin Dang
- Department of Liver Spleen and StomachHenan Province Hospital of TCMZhengzhouChina
| | - Yunfei Jia
- Department of Liver Spleen and StomachHenan Province Hospital of TCMZhengzhouChina
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Fernandez CP, Afrin F, Flores RA, Kim WH, Jeong J, Kim S, Lillehoj HS, Min W. Identification of duck IL-4 and its inhibitory effect on IL-17A expression in R. anatipestifer- stimulated splenic lymphocytes. Mol Immunol 2018; 95:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We set out to examine whether berberine (BBR) might affect the severity of pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury in choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet-induced severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS Severe acute pancreatitis was induced by feeding a CDE diet for 3 days. Berberine was administered intraperitoneally during CDE diet. Mice were killed on days 1, 2, and 3 after the onset of CDE diet. The severity of pancreatitis was assessed by evaluating changes to the pancreas and lung and survival rate. Blood, pancreas, and lung were harvested for further examination. Furthermore, the regulating mechanisms of BBR were evaluated on the pancreas. RESULTS Administration of BBR significantly inhibited histological damage to the pancreas and lung and decreased serum level of amylase and lipase, myeloperoxidase activity, cytokine production, and the mortality rate. Furthermore, administration of BBR inhibited activation of nuclear factor kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and p38 in the pancreas during CDE diet. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that BBR attenuates the severity of pancreatitis by inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 and that BBR could be used as a beneficial agent to regulate AP.
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Ghareeb DA, Elwakeel EH, Khalil R, Aziz MS, El demellawy MA. Investigation of the Immunomodulatory effect of Berberis vulgaris on core-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:325. [PMID: 27577059 PMCID: PMC5004255 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus-induced dendritic cells (DCs) functional deficiency leads to sub-optimal initiation of adaptive immune responses and consequently chronic infection establishment. The present study reports an advanced hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapeutic vaccine model based on In vivo enrichment of DCs with barberry ethanolic crude extract (BCE) then pulsing them with HCV core protein. METHODS DCs were enriched by BCE intravenous injection in BALB/c mice. Vaccine efficiency was assessed by flow cytometric analysis of splenocytes of immunized mice, cytokine profiling, cytotoxic T lymphocyte assay, and humoral immune response assessment. RESULTS There was no significant difference in surface phenotypic characterization of splenocytes from mice immunized with non-BCE-enriched-core-pulsed DCs (iDcs-core) compared to those from mice injected with RPMI-1640 medium. However, splenocytes from mice immunized with BCE-enriched-core-pulsed DCs showed 197 % increase in CD16+ population, 33 % increase in MHCII(+) population, and 43 % decrease in CD3(+) population. In iDCs-core group, 57.9 % greater anti-core cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity, up-regulation in interferon gamma and interleukin (IL) -12 expression, and down-regulation in IL-4 and IL-10 were recorded. Moreover, sustained specific anti-core antibodies were detected only in sera of the same group. CONCLUSIONS results indicate that BCE-enriched-core-transduced DCs may serve as a new model for immunotherapy of HCV chronic infection.
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In Vivo Interrelationship between Insulin Resistance and Interferon Gamma Production: Protective and Therapeutic Effect of Berberine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2039897. [PMID: 27642351 PMCID: PMC5013203 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2039897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate if there is a relation between insulin resistance incidence and inhibition of interferon gamma production or not. Firstly, insulin resistance was induced by high fat diet (HFD) intake for 6 weeks. Secondly, berberine was used as protective/curative compound for insulin resistance. Results revealed that feeding rats HFD for 6 weeks developed features of insulin resistance (IR) syndrome. These features presented in increased body weight, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia (with increased LDL-cholesterol and decreased HDL-cholesterol), and hypertriglyceridemia. Level of antioxidant enzymes in HFD group was higher than in normal one. Also there was an increasing in level of proinflammatory cytokines as interleukin- (IL-) 6 and IL-12 in HFD group. Feeding rats HFD for 6 weeks also decreased level of interferon gamma (IFN-γ). The decreased level of IFN-γ has been shown to predict infection with infectious diseases especially viral infection. Treatment and protection with berberine 50 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks were found to be effective against the features of insulin resistance syndrome, improved levels of insulin resistance parameters, lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, proinflammatory cytokines, and IFN-γ.
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Aziz M, Ghareeb D, Eweda S, Hussien H, Demellawy ME. Immunomodulatory effect of Berberis vulgarisextracts on murine splenocytes and enrichment of dendritic cells in vitro. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1069172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Protective effect of berberine chloride on Plasmodium chabaudi-induced hepatic tissue injury in mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 22:551-5. [PMID: 26288557 PMCID: PMC4537865 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the protective role of berberine (BER) against Plasmodium chabaudi-induced infection in mice. Animals were divided into three groups. Group I served as a vehicle control. Group II and group III were infected with 1000 P. chabaudi infected erythrocytes. Group III was gavaged with 100 μl of 10 mg/kg berberine chloride for 10 days. All mice were sacrificed at day 10 post-infection. The percentage of parasitemia was significantly reduced more than 30%, after treatment of mice with BER. Infection caused marked hepatic injuries as indicated by histopathological alterations as evidenced by the presence of hepatic lobular inflammatory cellular infiltrations, dilated sinusoids, vacuolated hepatocytes, increased number of Kupffer cells and the malaria pigment, hemozoin. These changes in livers led to the increased histological score. Also, infection induced a significant increase in liver alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and a significant increase in the total leucocytic count. Moreover, mice became anemic as proved by the significant decrease in erythrocyte number and haemoglobin content. BER showed a significant protective potential by improving the above mentioned parameters. Based on these results, it is concluded that berberine could offer protection against hepatic tissue damage.
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Chandra D, Quispe-Tintaya W, Jahangir A, Asafu-Adjei D, Ramos I, Sintim HO, Zhou J, Hayakawa Y, Karaolis DKR, Gravekamp C. STING ligand c-di-GMP improves cancer vaccination against metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2014; 2:901-10. [PMID: 24913717 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccination may be our best and most benign option for preventing or treating metastatic cancer. However, breakthroughs are hampered by immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we analyzed whether cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), a ligand for stimulator of interferon genes (STING), could overcome immune suppression and improve vaccination against metastatic breast cancer. Mice with metastatic breast cancer (4T1 model) were therapeutically immunized with an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (LM)-based vaccine, expressing tumor-associated antigen Mage-b (LM-Mb), followed by multiple low doses of c-di-GMP (0.2 μmol/L). This treatment resulted in a striking and near elimination of all metastases. Experiments revealed that c-di-GMP targets myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and tumor cells. Low doses of c-di-GMP significantly increased the production of IL12 by MDSCs, in correlation with improved T-cell responses to Mage-b, whereas a high dose of c-di-GMP (range, 0.3-3 mmol/L) activated caspase-3 in the 4T1 tumor cells and killed the tumor cells directly. On the basis of these results, we tested one administration of high-dose c-di-GMP (3 mmol/L) followed by repeated administrations of low-dose c-di-GMP (0.2 μmol/L) in the 4T1 model, and found equal efficacy compared with the combination of LM-Mb and c-di-GMP. This finding correlated with a mechanism of improved CD8 T-cell responses to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) Mage-b and Survivin, most likely through cross-presentation of these TAAs from c-di-GMP-killed 4T1 tumor cells, and through c-di-GMP-activated TAA-specific T cells. Our results demonstrate that activation of STING-dependent pathways by c-di-GMP is highly attractive for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Chandra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Wilber Quispe-Tintaya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Arthee Jahangir
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Denise Asafu-Adjei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ilyssa Ramos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland; and
| | - Jie Zhou
- Program in Oncology, University of Maryland, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland; and
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Claudia Gravekamp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York;
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Spinozzi S, Colliva C, Camborata C, Roberti M, Ianni C, Neri F, Calvarese C, Lisotti A, Mazzella G, Roda A. Berberine and its metabolites: relationship between physicochemical properties and plasma levels after administration to human subjects. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:766-72. [PMID: 24593257 DOI: 10.1021/np400607k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Berberine (1) is an alkaloid used widely in the treatment of several diseases. However, its physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism remain unclear, and conflicting data have been reported. In this study, the main physicochemical properties of 1 and its metabolites were evaluated, including lipophilicity, solubility, pKa, and albumin binding. A sensitive HPLC-ESIMS/MS method was developed and validated to identify 1 and its main metabolites in human plasma. This method was used to quantify their levels in the plasma of healthy volunteers and hypercholesterolemic patients following a single dose and chronic administration, respectively. In both cases, berberrubine (2) was found to be the main metabolite. Surprisingly, 2 is more lipophilic than 1, which suggests that this compound tautomerizes to a highly conjugated, electroneutral quinoid structure. This was confirmed by NMR studies. These results indicate that the higher plasma concentration of 2 was a consequence of a more efficient intestinal absorption, suggesting that berberrubine is potentially more pharmacologically active than berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Spinozzi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna , Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Dkhil MA. Role of berberine in ameliorating Schistosoma mansoni-induced hepatic injury in mice. Biol Res 2014; 47:8. [PMID: 25027521 PMCID: PMC4103990 DOI: 10.1186/0717-6287-47-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is caused by helminth parasites of the genus Schistosoma. Berberine chloride (BER), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has been used in vivo for its antiparasitic, antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. In this study, the protective effect of BER and praziquantel has been compared for the extent of schistosomiasis-induced oxidative stress in hepatic tissue of mice. RESULTS S. mansoni was able to induce inflammation and injury to the liver, evidenced (i) by an increase in inflammatory cellular infiltrations, dilated sinusoids and vacuolated hepatocytes, (ii) by decreased levels of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and increased levels of alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase in the liver homogenate, (iii) by increased production of nitric oxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and (iv) by lowered glutathione levels and decreased activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase, respectively. All these infection-induced parameters were significantly altered during BER treatment. In particular, berberine counteracted the S. mansoni-induced loss of glutathione and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase. CONCLUSION Based on these results, it is concluded that berberine could ameliorate pre-existing liver damage and oxidative stress conditions due to schistosomiasis.
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Li H, Li XL, Zhang M, Xu H, Wang CC, Wang S, Duan RS. Berberine Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis by Suppressing both Cellular and Humoral Immunity. Scand J Immunol 2013; 79:12-9. [PMID: 24354407 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Li
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - X.-L. Li
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - M. Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - H. Xu
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
- Taian City Central Hospital; Taian China
| | - C.-C. Wang
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - S. Wang
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - R.-S. Duan
- Department of Neurology; Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan China
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Abd El-Wahab AE, Ghareeb DA, Sarhan EEM, Abu-Serie MM, El Demellawy MA. In vitro biological assessment of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine: antioxidants, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-diabetic and anticancer effects. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:218. [PMID: 24007270 PMCID: PMC4016550 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberis vulgaris is a well known plant with traditional herbal medical history. The aims of this study was to bioscreen and compare the in vitro biological activity (antioxidant, cholinergic, antidaibetic and the anticancer) of barberry crude extract and berberine active compound. METHODS The effect of B. vulgaris extract and berberine chloride on cellular thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) formation, diphenyle-α-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) oxidation, cellular nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging capability, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-gulcosidase activities were spectrophotometrically determined. On the other hand, the effect of extract and berberine as anticancer was estimated on three different cell lines which were MCF-7, HepG-2, and Caco-2 cells by using neutral red uptake assay which compared with control normal cells (PBMC). RESULTS Our results showed that barberry crude extract contains 0.6 mg berberine/mg crude extract. Barberry extract showed potent antioxidative capacity through decreasing TBARS, NO and the oxidation of DPPH that associated with GPx and SOD hyperactivation. Inhibitory effect of berberis crude extract on α-glucosidase was more potent than that of berberine chloride, while both had the same AChE inhibitory effect. Besides, different concentrations of both berberine chloride and barberry ethanolic extract showed to have no growth inhibitory effect on normal blood cells (PBMC). Otherwise, both berberine chloride and barberry ethanolic extract showed to have inhibitory effect on the growth of breast, liver and colon cancer cell lines (MCF7, HepG2 and CACO-2, respectively) at different incubation times starting from 24 hrs up to 72 hrs and the inhibitory effect increased with time in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates the potential of the barberry crude extract and its active alkaloid, berberine, on suppressing lipid peroxidation, suggesting a promising use in the treatment of hepatic oxidative stress, Alzheimer and idiopathic male factor infertility. Beside, berberis vulgaris ethanolic extract is safe non-toxic extract as it was not inhibit the growth of PBMC that can induce cancer cell death that could return to its powerful antioxidant activity.
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells have a central role in attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-based immunotherapy against metastatic breast cancer in young and old mice. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:2281-90. [PMID: 23640395 PMCID: PMC3681012 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are present in large numbers in blood of mice and humans with cancer, and they strongly inhibit T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell responses, at young and old age. We found that a highly attenuated bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Listeriaat)-infected MDSC and altered the immune-suppressing function of MDSC. Methods: Young (3 months) and old (18 months) BALB/cByJ mice with metastatic breast cancer (4T1 model) were immunised with Listeriaat semi-therapeutically (once before and twice after tumour development), and analysed for growth of metastases and primary tumour, in relation to MDSC-, CD8 T-cell and NK cell responses. Results: We found that Listeriaat-infected MDSC, which delivered Listeriaat predominantly to the microenvironment of metastases and primary tumours, where they spread from MDSC into tumour cells (infected tumour cells will ultimately become a target for Listeria-activated immune cells). Immunotherapy with Listeriaat significantly reduced the population of MDSC in blood and primary tumours, and converted a remaining subpopulation of MDSC into an immune-stimulating phenotype producing IL-12, in correlation with significantly improved T-cell and NK cell responses to Listeriaat at both ages. This was accompanied with a dramatic reduction in the number of metastases and tumour growth at young and old age. Conclusions: Although preclinical studies show that immunotherapy is less effective at old than at young age, our study demonstrates that Listeriaat-based immunotherapy can be equally effective against metastatic breast cancer at both young and old age by targeting MDSC.
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Amirghofran Z, Ahmadi H, Karimi MH. IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF THE WATER EXTRACT OFThymus vulgaris, Thymus daenensis, ANDZataria multifloraON DENDRITIC CELLS AND T CELLS RESPONSES. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2012; 33:388-402. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2012.655822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhang Q, Qian Z, Pan L, Li H, Zhu H. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 mediates the anti-apoptosis of berberine in neurons during hypoxia/ischemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 99:311-23. [DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.99.2012.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Patil S, Dash RP, Anandjiwala S, Nivsarkar M. Simultaneous quantification of berberine and lysergol by HPLC-UV: evidence that lysergol enhances the oral bioavailability of berberine in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 26:1170-5. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Patil
- Department of Natural Products; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad; S. G. Highway, Thaltej; Ahmedabad; 380054; Gujarat; India
| | - Ranjeet Prasad Dash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development Centre; S. G. Highway, Thaltej; Ahmedabad; 380054; Gujarat; India
| | - Sheetal Anandjiwala
- Department of Natural Products; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad; S. G. Highway, Thaltej; Ahmedabad; 380054; Gujarat; India
| | - Manish Nivsarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; B. V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development Centre; S. G. Highway, Thaltej; Ahmedabad; 380054; Gujarat; India
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Lin WC, Lin JY. Berberine down-regulates the Th1/Th2 cytokine gene expression ratio in mouse primary splenocytes in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide in a preventive manner. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:1984-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Li HM, Wang YY, Wang HD, Cao WJ, Yu XH, Lu DX, Qi RB, Hu CF, Yan YX. Berberine protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury in mice via alpha 2 adrenoceptor-independent mechanisms. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:1364-72. [PMID: 21963898 PMCID: PMC4002724 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the mechanisms responsible for the protective action of berberine (Ber) against gut damage in endotoxemic mice. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were administered intragastrically with distilled water (0.1 mL/10 g), Ber (50 mg/kg) alone, yohimbine (2 mg/kg) alone, or Ber (50 mg/kg) in combination with yohimbine (2 mg/kg) for 3 d. On the third day, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 18 mg/kg) or normal saline was intraperitoneally injected one hour after the intragastric administration. Following the treatment, intestinal injury in the ileum was histopathologically accessed; enterocyte apoptosis was examined using TUNEL method; Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA expression was measured using RT-PCR assay; inhibitor protein-κBα (I-κBα) phosphorylation and myeloperoxidase content were examined using Western blloting. The macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) production was measured using ELISA assay. RESULTS Mice challenged with LPS caused extensive ileum injury, including a significantly increased injury score, decreased intestinal villus height, reduced gut mucosal weight and increased intestinal permeability. Furthermore, LPS significantly induced enterocyte apoptosis, increased TLR4 mRNA expression, I-κBα phosphorylation, MIP-2 production and myeloperoxidase content in the ileum. Pretreatment with Ber significantly alleviated all the alterations in the ileum in the endotoxemic mice. Pretreatment with the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine did not block the protective action of Ber against LPS-induced intestinal injury. In addition, treatment with yohimbine alone did not prevent LPS-induced intestinal injury. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with Ber provides significant protection against LPS-induced intestinal injury in mice, via reducing enterocyte apoptosis, inhibiting the TLR4-nuclear factor κB-MIP-2 pathway and decreasing neutrophil infiltration that are independent of α2-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-mei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-yang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hua-dong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- E-mail
| | - Wen-juan Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-hui Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da-xiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ren-bin Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chao-feng Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-xia Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ji-nan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Chand N, Durrani FR, Ahmad S, Khan A. Immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective role of feed-added Berberis lycium in broiler chicks. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:1737-1745. [PMID: 21480270 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of plants and their isolates have been shown to potentiate immunity. Some plants exert anti-inflammatory and anti-stress effects, others hepatoprotective activity. In this study, 320 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four major groups A, B, C and D and fed rations supplemented with 0, 15, 20 and 22.5 g Berberis lycium kg⁻¹ ration respectively. Each group was further divided into two subgroups, one vaccinated against Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD), the other non-vaccinated. Antibody titre against IBD and ND, relative weight of lymphoid organs, post-challenge morbidity and mortality, serum hepatic enzymes and total serum protein were observed. RESULTS Group C had higher anti-IBD and anti-ND antibody titres. Relative bursa weight in groups C and D was higher until day 28, but birds in group C performed better at later stages of examination. Relative spleen weight was highest in group C. During initial stages there was no effect on relative thymus weight, but at later stages the effect was significant. Groups C and D performed similarly in terms of relative thymus weight. The birds were challenged to field IBD through intramuscular injection at a dose rate of 0.5 mL per bird. Post-challenge morbidity was lowest in groups C and D, while treatment significantly (P < 0.001) affected mortality amongst affected (morbid) birds. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were lowest in group C. Serum protein was similar in all groups and in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated broiler chicks. CONCLUSION Berberis lycium added to feed at 20 g kg⁻¹ is effective in improving immunity against ND and IBD as well as liver function in broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Chand
- Department of Poultry Science, Agricultural University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Saha P, Bhattacharjee S, Sarkar A, Manna A, Majumder S, Chatterjee M. Berberine chloride mediates its anti-leishmanial activity via differential regulation of the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway in macrophages. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18467. [PMID: 21483684 PMCID: PMC3071726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A complex interplay between Leishmania and macrophages influences parasite survival and necessitates disruption of signaling molecules, eventually resulting in impairment of macrophage function. In this study, we demonstrate the immunomodulatory activity of Berberine chloride in Leishmania infected macrophages. Principal Findings The IC50 of Berberine chloride, a quaternary isoquinoline alkaloid was tested in an amastigote macrophage model and its safety index measured by a cell viability assay. It eliminated intracellular amastigotes, the IC50 being 2.8 fold lower than its IC50 in promastigotes (7.10 µM vs. 2.54 µM) and showed a safety index >16. Levels of intracellular and extracellular nitric oxide (NO) as measured by flow cytometry and Griess assay respectively showed that Berberine chloride in Leishmania infected macrophages increased production of NO. Measurement of the mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-12 and IL-10 by RT-PCR along with levels of IL-12p40 and IL-10 by ELISA showed that in infected macrophages, Berberine chloride enhanced expression of iNOS and IL-12p40, concomitant with a downregulation of IL-10. The phosphorylation status of extracellular signal related kinase (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was studied by western blotting. In infected macrophages, Berberine chloride caused a time dependent activation of p38 MAPK along with deactivation of ERK1/2; addition of a p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 inhibited the increased generation of NO and IL-12p40 by Berberine chloride as also prevented its decrease of IL-10. Conclusions Berberine chloride modulated macrophage effector responses via the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, highlighting the importance of MAPKs as an antiparasite target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piu Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Avijit Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Alak Manna
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Mitali Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail:
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Amasheh M, Fromm A, Krug SM, Amasheh S, Andres S, Zeitz M, Fromm M, Schulzke JD. TNFalpha-induced and berberine-antagonized tight junction barrier impairment via tyrosine kinase, Akt and NFkappaB signaling. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:4145-55. [PMID: 21062898 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.070896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα-mediated tight junction defects contribute to diarrhea in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In our study, the signaling pathways of the TNFα effect on barrier- or pore-forming claudins were analyzed in HT-29/B6 human colon monolayers. Berberine, a herbal therapeutic agent that has been recently established as a therapy for diabetes and hypercholesterinemia, was able to completely antagonize the TNFα-mediated barrier defects in the cell model and in rat colon. Ussing chamber experiments and two-path impedance spectroscopy revealed a decrease of paracellular resistance after TNFα to 11±4%, whereas transcellular resistance was unchanged. The permeability of the paracellular marker fluorescein was increased fourfold. Berberine alone had no effect while it fully prevented the TNFα-induced barrier defects. This effect on resistance was confirmed in rat colon. TNFα removed claudin-1 from the tight junction and increased claudin-2 expression. Berberine prevented TNFα-induced claudin-1 disassembly and upregulation of claudin-2. The effects of berberine were mimicked by genistein plus BAY11-7082, indicating that they are mediated via tyrosine kinase, pAkt and NFκB pathways. In conclusion, the anti-diarrheal effect of berberine is explained by a novel mechanism, suggesting a therapeutic approach against barrier breakdown in intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Amasheh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin 12200, Germany
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Domitrović R, Jakovac H, Blagojević G. Hepatoprotective activity of berberine is mediated by inhibition of TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS expression in CCl(4)-intoxicated mice. Toxicology 2010; 280:33-43. [PMID: 21095217 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of isoquinoline alkaloid berberine on the CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Berberine was administered as a single dose at 5 and 10mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.), 1h before CCl(4) (10%, v/v in olive oil, 2ml/kg) injection and mice were euthanized 24h later. The rise in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in CCl(4)-intoxicated mice was markedly suppressed by berberine in a concentration-dependent manner. The decrease in hepatic activity of superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) and an increase in lipid peroxidation were significantly prevented by berberine. Histopathological changes were reduced and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was markedly attenuated by berberine 10mg/mg. The results of this study indicate that berberine could be effective in protecting the liver from acute CCl(4)-induced injury. The hepatoprotective mechanisms of berberine may be related to the free radical scavenging and attenuation of oxidative/nitrosative stress, as well as to the inhibition of inflammatory response in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Domitrović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, B. Branchetta 20, Rijeka, Croatia.
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Water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from Acorus calamus L. classically activates macrophages and stimulates Th1 response. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:933-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ganguly S, Mula S, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee M. An ethanol extract of Piper betle Linn. mediates its anti-inflammatory activity via down-regulation of nitric oxide. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:711-8. [PMID: 17524237 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.5.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The leaves of Piper betle (locally known as Paan) have long been in use in the Indian indigenous system of medicine for the relief of pain; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect have not been elucidated. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of an ethanolic extract of the leaves of P. betle (100 mg kg−1; PB) were demonstrated in a complete Freund's adjuvant-induced model of arthritis in rats with dexamethasone (0.1 mg kg−1) as the positive control. At non-toxic concentrations of PB (5–25 μg mL−1), a dose-dependent decrease in extracellular production of nitric oxide in murine peritoneal macrophages was measured by the Griess assay and corroborated by flow cytometry using the nitric oxide specific probe, 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2 diacetate. This decreased generation of reactive nitrogen species was mediated by PB progressively down-regulating transcription of inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages, and concomitantly causing a dose-dependent decrease in the expression of interleukin-12 p40, indicating the ability of PB to down-regulate T-helper 1 pro-inflammatory responses. Taken together, the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthrotic activity of PB is attributable to its ability to down-regulate the generation of reactive nitrogen species, thus meriting further pharmacological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipto Ganguly
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244 B, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Road, Kolkata-700 020, West Bengal
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Liu Y, Hao H, Xie H, Lv H, Liu C, Wang G. Oxidative demethylenation and subsequent glucuronidation are the major metabolic pathways of berberine in rats. J Pharm Sci 2010; 98:4391-401. [PMID: 19283771 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Present study was designed to explore roles of metabolic clearance in the disposition of berberine (BBR) in rats, with a focus on oxidative metabolism and subsequent glucuronidation. Plasma from rats after intravenous administration of BBR was collected to identify and quantify BBR and its major metabolites. The major circulating metabolites of BBR were oxidative metabolites M1 (via demethylation) and M2 (via demethylenation) and their corresponding glucuronides, with M2-glucuronide approximately 24-fold higher than M1-glucuronide. Incubations with rat liver microsomes were conducted to examine formation kinetics of two oxidative metabolites-M1 and M2, and depletion kinetics of M1 and M2, leading to the formation of glucuronide conjugates. Efforts were also made to examine roles of key CYPs and UGTs isoforms responsible for BBR metabolism using known chemical inhibitors and/or substrates. In vitro, the formation of M1 and M2 were comparable and multiple CYP enzymes were involved. In contrast, the glucuronidation of M2 was much faster than that of M1. Inhibition studies using well-characterized UGT substrates suggested both M1 and M2 could be glucuronidated by UGT1A1 and UGT2B1 while M2 glucuronidation was favored by UGT1A1. In summary, oxidative demethylenation and the subsequent glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of BBR in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Kulkarni SK, Dhir A. Berberine: a plant alkaloid with therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders. Phytother Res 2009; 24:317-24. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wang HD, Lu DX, Qi RB. Therapeutic strategies targeting the LPS signaling and cytokines. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2009; 16:291-6. [PMID: 19321321 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been recognized as a major player in the pathogenesis of sepsis and neutralization of LPS or inhibition of its signal transduction mechanism is promising new treatment strategy in preclinical experiments. However, these therapeutic approaches have been shown unsuccessful in clinical trials. LPS activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and induces pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, the altered innate and adaptive immune responses eventually lead to the immunosuppressive state. The future therapeutic efforts in sepsis should focus on the immunosuppressive state. In this article, we will outline the current data on therapeutic strategies targeting LPS, TLR4 and single cytokine in sepsis and discuss the experimental and clinical evaluation of the immunomodulatory action of glycine and berberine. While we have demonstrated berberine in combination with yohimbine can modulate host immune responses in endotoxemia, it seems worthwhile to conduct clinical trials on the safe and efficacy of this new immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Dong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Berberine inhibits acute radiation intestinal syndrome in human with abdomen radiotherapy. Med Oncol 2009; 27:919-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-009-9307-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Lux R, Awa W, Walter U. An interdisciplinary analysis of sex and gender in relation to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Respir Med 2009; 103:637-49. [PMID: 19181510 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies confirm that pathogenesis and prevalence of bronchial asthma are age and sex dependent. Detailed physiological mechanisms of the changing sex ratios with age are not fully known, however, the gender (socio-cultural) factors are also imperative. Although multiple factors definitely influence the pathogenesis of asthma, only individual or few combinations of these have been investigated. METHODS The terms 'sex', 'gender' and plausible combinations of both were systematically researched in selected databases (Medline, Scopus) or other sources, including publications from January 2000 to June 2007. Generated articles were categorized, either as endogenous or exogenous factors influencing the pathogenesis of asthma, and divided into the following subgroups: genetic, immunological, hormonal, gynaecological, nutritional, and environmental parameters. RESULTS An increasing number of studies investigate the influence of sex and gender in the aetiology, therapy and prevention of asthma. While their results are still debatable, others regarding its initiation, perpetuation and cessation have been clarified. Recent insights into interactions at biomolecular and immunological levels greatly contribute to clarifying sex-specific influences. Despite occasional oversimplifications, a trend for explanations considering the complex interplay of different factors can be observed. This work is in line with this trend and offers explanation models from our point of view. CONCLUSIONS Some disagreements regarding the patho-physiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of asthma still prevail. Nevertheless, in order to better appreciate its complexity, openness to and persistent consideration for interdisciplinary as well as sex- and gender-related factors is required of the medical-research community in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Lux
- Institute of Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health System Research, Hannover Medical School, OE 5410, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30623 Hannover, Germany.
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Jia X, Chen Y, Zidichouski J, Zhang J, Sun C, Wang Y. Co-administration of berberine and plant stanols synergistically reduces plasma cholesterol in rats. Atherosclerosis 2008; 201:101-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Anti-inflammatory effect of allylpyrocatechol in LPS-induced macrophages is mediated by suppression of iNOS and COX-2 via the NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 8:1264-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lee BC, O'Sullivan I, Kim E, Park SG, Hwang SY, Cho D, Kim TS. A DNA adjuvant encoding a fusion protein between anti-CD3 single-chain Fv and AIMP1 enhances T helper type 1 cell-mediated immune responses in antigen-sensitized mice. Immunology 2008; 126:84-91. [PMID: 18547366 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.02880.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper type 1 (Th1) cell-mediated immune responses contribute to host defences against intracellular pathogen infections and cancer. Previously, we found that aminoacyl tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1) activated macrophages and dendritic cells to enhance Th1 responses. Herein, we manipulated this property to improve Th1 immune responses in vivo by constructing a mammalian expression plasmid (pAnti-CD3sFv/AIMP1) encoding AIMP1 fused to the anti-CD3 single-chain Fv (sFv), the smallest unit of the antibody that interacts with the CD3epsilon region of the T-cell receptor. Intramuscular injection of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice with pAnti-CD3sFv/AIMP1 DNA adjuvant increased the OVA-specific, interferon-gamma production by their CD4(+) T cells and the levels of anti-OVA immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) isotype in their sera. Furthermore, the pAnti-CD3sFv/AIMP1 DNA adjuvant decreased interleukin-4 production and anti-OVA IgE levels in the OVA-injected mice. Importantly, the pAnti-CD3sFv/AIMP1 was more efficient than a mixture of pAnti-CD3sFv and pAIMP1 in inducing OVA-specific Th1 immune responses and also in inhibiting OVA-specific Th2 responses during antigen priming. These studies indicated that the pAnti-CD3sFv/AIMP1 fusion DNA adjuvant enhanced Th1 immune responses in antigen-sensitized mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Cheol Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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