1
|
Moustaka K, Stergiopoulos A, Tenta R, Havaki S, Katsiougiannis S, Skopouli FN. Beta-adrenergic stimulation promotes an endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent inflammatory program in salivary gland epithelial cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 218:65-74. [PMID: 38912838 PMCID: PMC11404117 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of beta-adrenergic stimulation on human labial minor salivary gland epithelial cells (LMSGEC) on IL-6 production and its dependency on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were investigated. Primary LMSGEC from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients and controls in culture were stimulated with epinephrine and IL-6 expression was evaluated by qPCR and ELISA. The expression of β-ARs in cultured LMSGEC was tested by qPCR, while adrenoceptors and cAMP levels were examined in LMSGs by immunofluorescence. ER evaluation was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ER stress by western blot. Epinephrine-induced IL-6 production by cultured LMSGEC was evaluated after alleviation of the ER stress by applying tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and silencing of PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) RNAs. Expression of IL-6 by LMSGEC was upregulated after β-adrenergic stimulation, while the silencing of adrenoreceptors downregulated IL-6. The amelioration of ER stress, as well as the silencing of PERK/ATF4, prevented epinephrine-induced upregulation of IL-6. Adrenergic stimulation led to higher and sustained IL-6 levels secreted by LMSGEC of SS patients compared to controls. Adrenergic signaling was endogenously enhanced in LMSGEC of SS patients (expression of β-ARs in situ, intracellular cAMP in cultured LMSGEC). In parallel, SS-LMSGEC expressed dilated ER (TEM) and higher levels of GRP78/BiP. PERK/ATF4 pathway of the ER stress emerged as a considerable mediator of adrenergic stimulation for IL-6 production by the LMSGEC. An enhanced endogenous adrenergic activation and a stressed ER observed in SS-LMSGEC may contribute to a sustained IL-6 production by these cells after adrenergic stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi Moustaka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Stergiopoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Roxane Tenta
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Havaki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Katsiougiannis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotini N Skopouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine and Autoimmune Diseases, Euroclinic of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong Y, Wang T, Wu H. The role of cytokines from salivary gland epithelial cells in the immunopathology of Sjögren's syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1443455. [PMID: 39346911 PMCID: PMC11427401 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1443455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis and progression of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), hematopoietic cells in the peripheral circulation, tissue-resident immune cells, and parenchymal cells of salivary gland tissues (such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, etc.) all play crucial roles. These diverse cells form intricate networks and interact with each other, leading to tissue destruction and persistent chronic inflammation, ultimately causing irreversible damage in glandular function. Among these, salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) consistently hold a key position, characterized by their functions in expressing co-stimulatory and antigen-presenting molecules and secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, SGECs actively engage in and facilitate the development of specific pathological structures within the salivary gland, such as lymphoepithelial lesions (LELs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), thereby substantially elevating the risk of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Overall, SGECs are recognized for their essential and irreplaceable contributions to the pathogenesis of SS. This review article initially delves into the anatomical composition of salivary gland epithelial cells, subsequently focusing on elucidating the different cytokines derived from SGECs, encompassing chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, pro-survival cytokines, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), to explore their key roles in the pathogenesis of SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Dong
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Thoracic Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahla RS, Jones EL, Dustin LB. Ro60-Roles in RNA Processing, Inflammation, and Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7705. [PMID: 39062948 PMCID: PMC11277228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ro60/SSA2 autoantigen is an RNA-binding protein and a core component of nucleocytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. Ro60 is essential in RNA metabolism, cell stress response pathways, and cellular homeostasis. It stabilises and mediates the quality control and cellular distribution of small RNAs, including YRNAs (for the 'y' in 'cytoplasmic'), retroelement transcripts, and misfolded RNAs. Ro60 transcriptional dysregulation or loss of function can result in the generation and release of RNA fragments from YRNAs and other small RNAs. Small RNA fragments can instigate an inflammatory cascade through endosomal toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytoplasmic RNA sensors, which typically sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and mount the first line of defence against invading pathogens. However, the recognition of host-originating RNA moieties from Ro60 RNP complexes can activate inflammatory response pathways and compromise self-tolerance. Autoreactive B cells may produce antibodies targeting extracellular Ro60 RNP complexes. Ro60 autoantibodies serve as diagnostic markers for various autoimmune diseases, including Sjögren's disease (SjD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and they may also act as predictive markers for anti-drug antibody responses among rheumatic patients. Understanding Ro60's structure, function, and role in self-tolerance can enhance our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of autoimmune conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh Mahla
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK;
| | | | - Lynn B. Dustin
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rathore T, Dattatri M. Exploring Sjögren's syndrome through interdisciplinary perspectives: a concise review. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2024; 45:153-177. [PMID: 38748045 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2024.2353766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Dr. Henrik Sjögren after whom Sjögren's Syndrome is named, was a Swedish ophthalmologist who identified the syndrome which had three main symptoms namely, dry eyes, dry mouth, and arthritis. His contributions also highlighted the systemic complications of the syndrome which made our understanding of this disease better. Since then, there have been several studies on Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) of which two of them have changed the perception of the disease's prevalence. The first was a British study in the late 1990s which indicated this syndrome was no more a rare condition. The second is a 2008 study in the US which placed the syndrome as the second most prevalent autoimmune disease after rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Being one of the most prevalent autoimmune disease, there is a pressing need for a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the syndrome. This review endeavors to offer a comprehensive overview of the disease, encompassing its prevalence, manifestations, mechanisms, genetic factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. This review additionally offers the āyurvedic viewpoint on SS and its symptoms. This supplementary insight has the potential to contribute to the development of an integrated and holistic approach to managing the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha Rathore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, M. S. Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mayur Dattatri
- Department of Sanskrit, M. S. Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hsu CH, Yu YL. The interconnected roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, cancers, and cancer metabolism. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:289. [PMID: 37993883 PMCID: PMC10664372 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21/Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an essential regulator of innate immunity, and its dysregulation is closely associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, predominantly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). TRIM21 /Ro52 also features anti-cancer and carcinogenic functions according to different malignancies. The interconnected role of TRIM21/Ro52 in regulating autoimmunity and cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases and malignancies is implicated. In this review, we summarize current findings on how TRIM21/Ro52 affects inflammation and tumorigenesis, and investigate the relationship between TRIM21/Ro52 expression and the formation of lymphoma and breast cancer in SLE and pSS populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Hsuan Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kamounah S, Sembler-Møller ML, Nielsen CH, Pedersen AML. Sjögren's syndrome: novel insights from proteomics and miRNA expression analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183195. [PMID: 37275849 PMCID: PMC10232878 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease, which affects the exocrine glands leading to glandular dysfunction and, particularly, symptoms of oral and ocular dryness. The aetiology of SS remains unclear, and the disease lacks distinctive clinical features. The current diagnostic work-up is complex, invasive and often time-consuming. Thus, there is an emerging need for identifying disease-specific and, ideally, non-invasive immunological and molecular biomarkers that can simplify the diagnostic process, allow stratification of patients, and assist in monitoring the disease course and outcome of therapeutic intervention in SS. Methods This systematic review addresses the use of proteomics and miRNA-expression profile analyses in this regard. Results and discussion Out of 272 papers that were identified and 108 reviewed, a total of 42 papers on proteomics and 23 papers on miRNA analyses in saliva, blood and salivary gland tissue were included in this review. Overall, the proteomic and miRNA studies revealed considerable variations with regard to candidate biomarker proteins and miRNAs, most likely due to variation in sample size, processing and analytical methods, but also reflecting the complexity of SS and patient heterogeneity. However, interesting novel knowledge has emerged and further validation is needed to confirm their potential role as biomarkers in SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kamounah
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Lynn Sembler-Møller
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Henrik Nielsen
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology/Oral Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Desvaux E, Pers JO. Autoimmune epithelitis in primary Sjögren's syndrome. Joint Bone Spine 2023; 90:105479. [PMID: 36336290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is characterized by an autoimmune epithelitis associated with chronic inflammation of the exocrine glands. Alterations of extra-glandular functions in pSS is associated with lymphocytic infiltrates that invade the epithelial structures of affected organs. Within epithelial tissue, the expression of class II major histocompatibility complexes and costimulatory molecules by epithelial cells acting as non-professional antigen presenting cells, leads to the activation of T and B lymphocytes through multiple cellular crosstalk pathways. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying pSS have not yet been elucidated, it is accepted that glandular epithelial cells are central regulators of the local autoimmune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- UMR 1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, 29609 Brest, France; CHU de Brest, 29609 Brest, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chan EKL. Anti-Ro52 Autoantibody Is Common in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases and Correlating with Worse Outcome when Associated with interstitial lung disease in Systemic Sclerosis and Autoimmune Myositis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:178-193. [PMID: 35040083 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the 30 plus years research progress since the discovery of autoantibody to Ro52/TRIM21 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SjS). After the initial expression cloning of the Ro52 cDNA, it has taken many years to the current understanding in the interesting biological function of Ro52 as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and its role in innate immune clearance of intracellular IgG-bound complex. Early observations show that anti-Ro52, mostly associated with anti-SS-A/Ro60 and/or anti-SS-B/La, is commonly found in SLE (40-70%), SjS (70-90%), neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE, 75-90%), and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (50-60%). Anti-Ro52 has long been postulated to play a direct pathogenic role in congenital heart block in NLE as well as in the QT interval prolongation in some adults. The widespread availability of the anti-Ro52 assay has led to the detection of anti-Ro52 in other diseases including autoimmune hepatitis (20-40%), systemic sclerosis (10-30%), and autoimmune myositis (20-40%). More than ten studies have pointed to an association of anti-Ro52 with interstitial lung disease and, more importantly, correlating with poor outcome and worse survival. Other studies are implicating an interesting role for anti-Ro52 in the diagnosis of certain cancers. Future studies are needed to examine the mechanism in the pathogenesis of anti-Ro52 and carefully documenting its causal relationships in different disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward K L Chan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0424, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maslinska M, Kostyra-Grabczak K. The role of virus infections in Sjögren’s syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:823659. [PMID: 36148238 PMCID: PMC9488556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.823659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease with a clinical picture of not only mainly exocrine gland involvement, with dryness symptoms, but also internal organ and systems involvement. The epithelial damage and releasing of antigens, which, in some circumstances, become autoantigens, underlay the pathogenesis of pSS. The activation of autoimmune processes in pSS leads to the hyperactivation of B cells with autoantibody production and other immunological phenomena such as hypergammaglobulinemia, production of cryoglobulins, or formation of extra-nodal lymphoid tissue. Among the risk factors for the development of this disease are viral infections, which themselves can activate autoimmune reactions and influence the host’s immune response. It is known that viruses, through various mechanisms, can influence the immune system and initiate autoimmune reactions. These mechanisms include molecular mimicry, bystander activation, production of superantigens—proteins encoded by viruses—or a programming to produce viral cytokines similar to host cytokines such as, e.g., interleukin-10. Of particular importance for pSS are viruses which not only, as expected, activate the interferon pathway but also play a particular role, directly or indirectly, in B cell activation or present tropism to organs also targeted in the course of pSS. This article is an attempt to present the current knowledge of the influence specific viruses have on the development and course of pSS.
Collapse
|
10
|
Vyse TJ, Tsao BP. Complement C4, the Major Histocompatibility Complex, and Autoimmunity. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1318-1320. [PMID: 35315246 DOI: 10.1002/art.42119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jonsson R. Disease mechanisms in Sjögren's syndrome: what do we know? Scand J Immunol 2022; 95:e13145. [PMID: 35073430 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Why should we explore and study disease mechanisms? This is particularly important when we are dealing with complex pathogenesis without a direct causal agent e.g. syndromes with multiple organ involvements. Sjögren's syndrome is definitely such an entity. Also, there are a number of reasons for such studies such as disclosing the aetiology, to identify biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment of the disease process and monitor response to treatment, to determine targets for treatment, to define critical items in classification criteria, among others. Samples available for the study of disease mechanisms in Sjögren's syndrome have included serum (autoantibodies, cytokines), DNA (gene profiling, GWAS), cells (phenotypes/flow cytometry, proportion of cells/CyTOF), tissue (focal inflammation, germinal centres, mass cytometry), saliva (proteomics, biochemistry, mucosal immunity). An original explanatory concept for the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome proposed a specific and self-perpetuating immune mediated loss of exocrine tissue as the principal cause of glandular hypofunction. This hypothesis however falls short of accommodating several Sjögren's syndrome-related phenomena and experimental findings. Today, the emergence of advanced bio-analytical platforms has further enabled the identification of central pathogenic processes and potential biomarkers. The purpose of this minor review is to highlight a selection of previous but also recent and novel aspects on the disease mechanisms in Sjögren's syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Jonsson
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M. Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103016. [PMID: 34915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have a complex and only partially known pathophysiology with various abnormalities involving all the components of the immune system. Among these components, antibodies, and especially autoantibodies are key elements contributing to autoimmunity. The interaction of antibody fragment crystallisable (Fc) and several distinct receptors, namely Fc receptors (FcRs), have gained much attention during the recent years, with possible major therapeutic perspectives for the future. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the known roles for FcRs (activating and inhibitory FcγRs, neonatal FcR [FcRn], FcαRI, FcεRs, Ro52/tripartite motif containing 21 [Ro52/TRIM21], FcδR, and the novel Fc receptor-like [FcRL] family) in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, namely rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mixed connective tissue disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis, Behçet's disease, Kawasaki disease, IgG4-related disease, immune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Chalayer
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1059-Sainbiose, dysfonction vasculaire et hémostase, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Franck Zekre
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lucile Grange
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amy W Chung
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li X, Li Y, Xu A, Zhou D, Zhang B, Qi S, Chen Z, Wang X, Ou X, Cao B, Qu C, Huang J. Apoptosis-induced translocation of centromere protein F in its corresponding autoantibody production in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1992104. [PMID: 34676150 PMCID: PMC8525945 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1992104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigen have important value in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the mechanism of autoantibody production is poorly understood. We previously showed that autoantibodies against the centromere protein F (CENPF) may be useful as an early diagnostic marker for HCC. Here we explored the mechanism of cell apoptosis-based CENPF autoantibody production and verified the correlation of CENPF autoantibody level with HCC development. We demonstrated that CENPF was overexpressed and aberrantly localized throughout the nuclei and cytoplasm in human HCC cells compared with hepatic cells. CENPF overexpression promoted the production of CENPF autoantibodies in a manner that correlated with tumor growth of mouse HCC model. During apoptosis of HCC cells, CENPF protein translocated to apoptotic vesicles and relocalized at the cell surface. Through isolating apoptotic components, we found apoptotic body and blebs with lower CD31 and CD47 expression more effectively induced DC phagocytosis and maturation compared with apoptotic intact cells in vitro, and this DC response was independent of CENPF expression. Moreover, injection of mice with apoptotic bodies and blebs effectively induced an immune response and the production of CENPF-specific antibodies. Our findings provide a first elucidation of mechanisms underlying the CENPF autoantibody production via cell apoptosis-induced CENPF translocation, and demonstrate a direct correlation between CENPF autoantibody levels and HCC progression, suggesting the potential of CENPF autoantibody as an HCC diagnostic marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmeng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anjian Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Donghu Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Saiping Qi
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfeng Qu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Experimental Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Increased Autoantibodies Against Ro/SS-A, CENP-B, and La/SS-B in Patients With Kidney Allograft Antibody-mediated Rejection. Transplant Direct 2021; 7:e768. [PMID: 34557585 PMCID: PMC8454907 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) causes more than 50% of late kidney graft losses. In addition to anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor-specific antibodies, antibodies against non-HLA antigens are also linked to AMR. Identifying key non-HLA antibodies will improve our understanding of AMR.
Collapse
|
15
|
Jones EL, Laidlaw SM, Dustin LB. TRIM21/Ro52 - Roles in Innate Immunity and Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738473. [PMID: 34552597 PMCID: PMC8450407 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM21 (Ro52/SSA1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with key roles in immune host defence, signal transduction, and possibly cell cycle regulation. It is also an autoantibody target in Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other rheumatic autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarise the structure and function of this enzyme, its roles in innate immunity, adaptive immunity and cellular homeostasis, the pathogenesis of autoimmunity against TRIM21, and the potential impacts of autoantibodies to this intracellular protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther L Jones
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Laidlaw
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn B Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Saito K, Mori S, Kodama T. McH-lpr/lpr-RA1 mice: A novel spontaneous mouse model of autoimmune sialadenitis. Immunol Lett 2021; 237:3-10. [PMID: 34174253 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many studies of the autoimmune disease Sjögren's syndrome have been performed using spontaneous mouse models. In the present study, we describe the characteristics of McH/lpr-RA1 mice and propose their use as a novel murine model of autoimmune sialadenitis. The McH/lpr-RA1 mouse is a recombinant congenic strain derived from generation F54 or more of MRL-Faslpr x (MRL- Faslpr x C3H- Faslpr) F1. We show for the first time that this mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune sialadenitis and vasculitis in submandibular gland tissues. Sialadenitis was accompanied by extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue destruction. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the salivary gland lesions strongly expressed four sialadenitis-related molecules: SSA and SSB (autoantigens of Sjögren's syndrome), gp91phox (an accelerator of reactive oxygen species production) and single strand DNA (a marker of apoptotic cells). In contrast, expression of aquaporin-5 (AQP5), which stimulates salivary secretion was weak or negligible. Statistical correlation analyses indicated that the apoptosis of salivary gland cells provoked by oxidative stress contributed to the severe sialadenitis and reduced expression of AQP5. Our study has demonstrated that McH/lpr-RA1 mice spontaneously develop the pathognomonic features of autoimmune sialadenitis and thus could be used as a new animal model of Sjögren's syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Saito
- Liaison Centre for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shiro Mori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kodama
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cancer, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Berardicurti O, Ruscitti P, Di Benedetto P, D'Andrea S, Navarini L, Marino A, Cipriani P, Giacomelli R. Association Between Minor Salivary Gland Biopsy During Sjӧgren's Syndrome and Serologic Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686457. [PMID: 34177936 PMCID: PMC8226119 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) may develop a potentially severe disease with extra-glandular involvement and lymphoma insurgence. Minor salivary gland biopsy is routinely used in the disease diagnosis, but its potential role as a biomarker for clinical disease presentation and prognosis is still poorly understood. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical presentation and prognosis in pSS patients who underwent minor salivary gland biopsy at diagnosis according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results We included five retrospective studies and 589 pSS patients. Ectopic GCs presence was not associated with a significant increase in the odds ratio for the clinical variables explored such as salivary gland swelling, arthritis, and Raynaud’s phenomenon. As far as serological features are concerned, ectopic GCs presence accounted for an increased ratio of antibodies anti-SSA (OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.25–7.85, p = 0.02, I2 = 79%), anti-SSB (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.50–10.37, p = 0.0005, I2 = 80%), and RFs presence (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.94–5.00, p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%). Conclusions This study showed that the association between ectopic GC in salivary glands identifies a clinical subset characterized by autoantibodies presence, and probably pSS patients affected from a more severe disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onorina Berardicurti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paola Di Benedetto
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Settimio D'Andrea
- Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences, Andrology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luca Navarini
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome 'Campus Biomedico', Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Marino
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome 'Campus Biomedico', Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome 'Campus Biomedico', Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hillen MR, Urso K, Koppe E, Lopes AP, Blokland SLM, Pandit A, Slocombe T, van Maurik A, van Roon JAG, Radstake TRDJ. Autoantigen TRIM21/Ro52 is expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and its enhanced expression in Sjögren's syndrome is associated with B cell hyperactivity and type I interferon activity. RMD Open 2021; 6:rmdopen-2020-001184. [PMID: 32540951 PMCID: PMC7431915 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten R Hillen
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Katia Urso
- GSK Immunology Network and Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Emma Koppe
- GSK Immunology Network and Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Ana Pinheiro Lopes
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aridaman Pandit
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Slocombe
- GSK Immunology Network and Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - André van Maurik
- Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- GSK Immunology Network and Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Vázquez-Del Mercado M, Martínez-García EA, Daneri-Navarro A, Gómez-Bañuelos E, Martín-Márquez BT, Pizano-Martínez O, Wilson-Manríquez EA, Corona-Sánchez EG, Chavarria-Avila E, Sandoval-García F, Satoh M. Presence of anti-TIF-1γ, anti-Ro52, anti-SSA/Ro60 and anti-Su/Ago2 antibodies in breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:328-333. [PMID: 33876712 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1910833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The presence of myositis-specific antibodies (MSA), was recently reported in healthy individuals, cancer patients without myopathy and paraneoplastic rheumatic syndromes. We sought to analyze the frequency of MSA, myositis-associated antibodies (MAA) and autoantibodies related to systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) in breast cancer patients. METHODS One hundred fifty-two breast cancer patients were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Clinical information was collected, and autoantibodies tested by immunoprecipitation of an 35S-methionine-labeled K562 cell extract, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot when indicated. All statistical tests were performed using the software statistical package for the social science (SPSS) ver. 19.0 (IBM Inc., NYSE, USA). RESULTS Autoantibodies associated with SARD: anti-52 kD ribonucleoprotein/tripartite motif-containing 21 (anti-Ro52/TRIM21) was found in 5.9% (9/152), anti-Sjögren syndrome-related antigen A/60 kD ribonucleoprotein antibody (anti-SSA/Ro60) in 3.9% (6/152) and anti-Su antigen/Argonaute 2 antibody (anti-Su/Ago2) in 2.6% (4/152). Meanwhile, anti-transcription intermediary factor-1γ (anti-TIF-1γ, p155/140) antibody was positive in 2 cases and anti-polymyositis/scleroderma antibody was detected in one case. As a whole, 14.47% (22/152) of breast cancer patients showed autoantibodies associated with SARD. These specific autoantibodies were not associated with the presence of rheumatic diseases except one rheumatoid arthritis patient positive for anti-Ro52/TRIM21. CONCLUSIONS Autoantibodies to TIF-1γ were found in two patients with breast cancer without dermatomyositis (DM). More common specificities were autoantibodies anti-SSA/Ro60, anti-Ro52/TRIM21 and anti-Su/Ago2. More studies are needed in order to establish the biological meaning of the presence of SARD-associated autoantibodies in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Juan I. Menchaca", Servicio de Reumatología, PNPC, CONACyT, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Erika Aurora Martínez-García
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Adrián Daneri-Navarro
- Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Eduardo Gómez-Bañuelos
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Beatriz Teresita Martín-Márquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Oscar Pizano-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Clínicas Médicas. CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Eduardo A Wilson-Manríquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Esther Guadalupe Corona-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,UDG-CA-703, Inmunología y Reumatología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Efrain Chavarria-Avila
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Disciplinas Filosóficas, Metodológicas e Instrumentales. CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Flavio Sandoval-García
- Instituto de Investigación en Reumatología y del Sistema Músculo Esquelético, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,Departamento de Clínicas Médicas. CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Minoru Satoh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ambrosi A, Thorlacius GE, Sonesson SE, Wahren-Herlenius M. Interferons and innate immune activation in autoimmune congenital heart block. Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e12995. [PMID: 33188653 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune congenital heart block (CHB) may develop in foetuses of women carrying anti-Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies and is characterized by disruption of signal conduction at the atrioventricular (AV) node, resulting in partial or complete AV block. If not fatal in utero, complete CHB typically requires lifelong cardiac pacing. No treatment has so far been unequivocally demonstrated to prevent or treat autoimmune CHB, and the relatively low incidence (1%-5%) and recurrence (12%-16%) rates of second/third-degree AV block add to the complexity of managing pregnancies in women with anti-Ro/La antibodies. Altogether, a better understanding of events leading to development of autoimmune CHB is needed to improve surveillance and treatment strategies. In the past decade, studies have started to look beyond the role of maternal autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis to assess other contributing factors such as foetal genetics and, more recently, immune responses in foetuses and neonates of anti-Ro/La antibody-positive women. In this review, we provide an update on the epidemiology, clinical presentation and current treatment approaches of autoimmune CHB, summarize the previously proposed pathogenic mechanisms implicating maternal autoantibodies, and discuss the recent findings of type I interferon (IFN) and innate immune activation in foetuses with autoimmune CHB and in neonates of anti-Ro/La antibody-positive mothers, and how these may contribute to autoimmune CHB pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Ambrosi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gudny Ella Thorlacius
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Sonesson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Srivastava A, Makarenkova HP. Innate Immunity and Biological Therapies for the Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9172. [PMID: 33271951 PMCID: PMC7730146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting approximately 3% of the population in the United States. This disease has a female predilection and affects exocrine glands, including lacrimal and salivary glands. Dry eyes and dry mouths are the most common symptoms due to the loss of salivary and lacrimal gland function. Symptoms become more severe in secondary SS, where SS is present along with other autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. It is known that aberrant activation of immune cells plays an important role in disease progression, however, the mechanism for these pathological changes in the immune system remains largely unknown. This review highlights the role of different immune cells in disease development, therapeutic treatments, and future strategies that are available to target various immune cells to cure the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen P. Makarenkova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Parisis D, Chivasso C, Perret J, Soyfoo MS, Delporte C. Current State of Knowledge on Primary Sjögren's Syndrome, an Autoimmune Exocrinopathy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2299. [PMID: 32698400 PMCID: PMC7408693 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, whereby sicca syndrome and/or systemic manifestations are the clinical hallmarks, associated with a particular autoantibody profile. pSS is the most frequent connective tissue disease after rheumatoid arthritis, affecting 0.3-3% of the population. Women are more prone to develop pSS than men, with a sex ratio of 9:1. Considered in the past as innocent collateral passive victims of autoimmunity, the epithelial cells of the salivary glands are now known to play an active role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The aetiology of the "autoimmune epithelitis" still remains unknown, but certainly involves genetic, environmental and hormonal factors. Later during the disease evolution, the subsequent chronic activation of B cells can lead to the development of systemic manifestations or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The aim of the present comprehensive review is to provide the current state of knowledge on pSS. The review addresses the clinical manifestations and complications of the disease, the diagnostic workup, the pathogenic mechanisms and the therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Parisis
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | | | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (D.P.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
D’Agostino C, Elkashty OA, Chivasso C, Perret J, Tran SD, Delporte C. Insight into Salivary Gland Aquaporins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061547. [PMID: 32630469 PMCID: PMC7349754 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The main role of salivary glands (SG) is the production and secretion of saliva, in which aquaporins (AQPs) play a key role by ensuring water flow. The AQPs are transmembrane channel proteins permeable to water to allow water transport across cell membranes according to osmotic gradient. This review gives an insight into SG AQPs. Indeed, it gives a summary of the expression and localization of AQPs in adult human, rat and mouse SG, as well as of their physiological role in SG function. Furthermore, the review provides a comprehensive view of the involvement of AQPs in pathological conditions affecting SG, including Sjögren's syndrome, diabetes, agedness, head and neck cancer radiotherapy and SG cancer. These conditions are characterized by salivary hypofunction resulting in xerostomia. A specific focus is given on current and future therapeutic strategies aiming at AQPs to treat xerostomia. A deeper understanding of the AQPs involvement in molecular mechanisms of saliva secretion and diseases offered new avenues for therapeutic approaches, including drugs, gene therapy and tissue engineering. As such, AQP5 represents a potential therapeutic target in different strategies for the treatment of xerostomia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia D’Agostino
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Blg G/E CP 611, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Osama A. Elkashty
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (O.A.E.); (S.D.T.)
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Blg G/E CP 611, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Blg G/E CP 611, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Simon D. Tran
- McGill Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; (O.A.E.); (S.D.T.)
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Blg G/E CP 611, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (C.C.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-5556210
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Neo JYJ, Wee SYK, Bonne I, Tay SH, Raida M, Jovanovic V, Fairhurst AM, Lu J, Hanson BJ, MacAry PA. Characterisation of a human antibody that potentially links cytomegalovirus infection with systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9998. [PMID: 31292492 PMCID: PMC6620320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that has been linked with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Thus far, molecular mimicry has been implicated as the principal mechanism that explains this association. In this study, we characterise a potential alternative process whereby HCMV contributes to SLE. In a cohort of SLE patients, we show a significant association between HCMV infection and SLE through a human antibody response that targets UL44. UL44 is an obligate nuclear-resident, non-structural viral protein vital for HCMV DNA replication. The intracellular nature of this viral protein complicates its targeting by the humoral response - the mechanism remains unresolved. To characterise this response, we present a thorough molecular analysis of the first human monoclonal antibody specific for UL44 derived from a HCMV seropositive donor. This human antibody immunoprecipitates UL44 from HCMV-infected cells together with known nuclear-resident SLE autoantigens - namely, nucleolin, dsDNA and ku70. We also show that UL44 is redistributed to the cell surface during virus-induced apoptosis as part of a complex with these autoantigens. This phenomenon represents a potential mechanism for the bystander presentation of SLE autoantigens to the humoral arm of our immune system under circumstances that favour a break in peripheral tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ying Jacklyn Neo
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seng Yin Kelly Wee
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Isabelle Bonne
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sen Hee Tay
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manfred Raida
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vojislav Jovanovic
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna-Marie Fairhurst
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Paul A MacAry
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pringle S, Wang X, Bootsma H, Spijkervet FKL, Vissink A, Kroese FGM. Small-molecule inhibitors and the salivary gland epithelium in Sjögren's syndrome. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:605-616. [PMID: 31203680 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1631796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The salivary gland (SG) in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is characterized by its lack of function (hyposalivation) and lymphocytic invasion. Small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) are a new class of drugs, whose diminutive size permits diffusion into cells. SMIs targeting components of the immune system are eagerly being trialed for their potential therapeutic utility in pSS. Neglected until now, however, is a discussion of the potential effects of SMIs on the SG epithelium. AREAS COVERED We begin by reminding the reader of the SG epithelial compartment, its complicity in inflammatory milieu formation in pSS, and categories of SMIs which merit attention. We discuss each SMI category, including pre-clinical data concerning pSS and likely consequences of their application on the SG epithelium. EXPERT OPINION Recovery of saliva production in pSS requires restoring the function of the SG epithelium, not solely on inflammation resolution. Many SMIs, for example, those blocking JAK-STAT signaling, interfere with critical epithelial cell pathways, most notably EGF signaling. If the effect of SMIs on SG epithelium is ignored, recovery of SG function will be challenging. We predict that NFκB signaling blockade will impart the least SG epithelium damage whilst reducing inflammation and facilitating recovery from hyposalivation in pSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Pringle
- a Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- a Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- a Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Fred K L Spijkervet
- b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- a Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gupta S, Ferrada MA, Hasni SA. Pulmonary Manifestations of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Underlying Immunological Mechanisms, Clinical Presentation, and Management. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1327. [PMID: 31249572 PMCID: PMC6583234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an understudied entity with important clinical implications. Its prevalence has been reported in up to 20% of pSS patients. Pulmonary manifestations of pSS are diverse with involvement of airway and/or lung parenchyma. Histopathology of lung lesions suggests a predominance of submucosal mononuclear cell infiltration consisting predominantly of CD4+ T cells. Current understanding of the pathophysiology of lung disease in pSS suggests a similar process driving the pulmonary process as those in the salivary glands, with epithelial cells playing a critical role in the initiation, maintenance, and symptomatology of the disease. Clinical manifestations of lung involvement in pSS are as varied as the underlying pathology and can be vague and non-specific, thus delaying diagnosis. Management options depend on the underlying pathology but are generally limited due to lack of systematic randomized controlled trials. This review helps summarize our current understanding of lung involvement in pSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Gupta
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marcela A Ferrada
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sarfaraz A Hasni
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Robbins A, Hentzien M, Toquet S, Didier K, Servettaz A, Pham BN, Giusti D. Diagnostic Utility of Separate Anti-Ro60 and Anti-Ro52/TRIM21 Antibody Detection in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:444. [PMID: 30915082 PMCID: PMC6423153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-SS-A antibodies are often sought for in autoimmune diseases diagnosis. Two different target proteins have actually been identified: Ro52 and Ro60. Clinical and immunological associations seem different depending on anti-Ro52 or anti-Ro60 antibodies presence. However, due to a heterogeneous presentation in the literature, some immunology laboratories in France have stopped providing anti-Ro52 antibody findings. We report here a new hospital study designed to determine the diagnostic utility of the separate detection of anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies. We conducted a retrospective, observational study, including every adult patient with positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) tested in our immunology laboratory, and associated with anti-Ro52 and/or anti-Ro60 antibodies, between 2011 and 2014. Out of 13032 sera tested for ANA, 399 adults had antibodies to Ro52 and/or Ro60; 81.7% were female, with a mean age of 54.5 ± 17.0 years. Anti-Ro52 antibodies were found in 75.7% of the patients and anti-Ro60 antibodies in 56.9%. Among them, 43.1% were classified in the Ro52 + Ro60- group, 32.6% in the Ro52 + Ro60 + group and 24.3% in the Ro52-Ro60+ group. In the Ro52-Ro60+ group, systemic lupus was the most frequent diagnosis (48.5%), with a possible association with antiphospholipid antibodies (anti-cardiolipin antibodies: OR 2.5 (CI95 [1.0-5.0], p = 0.05) and lupus anticoagulant {OR 3.6 (CI95 [1.10-10.0] p = 0.02)}. In the Ro52+Ro60+, primary Sjögren Syndrome was the most likely (OR 4.2 95% CI [2.1-8.3] p < 10-4), especially in patients Ro52+Ro60+La+. Patients with isolated anti-Ro52 had a wider variety of diseases associated, but among auto-immune diseases they were more prone to inflammatory myositis (OR 10.5 [1.4-81.7], p = 0.02) and inflammatory rheumatism (OR 4.6 [1.6-13.8], p = 0.006) in contrast to systemic lupus (OR 0.2 [0.1-0.3], p < 10-4) or primary Sjögren's syndrome (OR 0.1 [0.06-0.2], p < 10-4). We therefore suggest that, when anti-ENA antibodies are prescribed, it should include separate anti-Ro52 and anti-Ro60 antibodies determination. To go even further, we would like to suggest a change in ENA nomenclature to avoid confusion, abandoning the anti-SS-A label in favor of the anti-Ro52/TRIM21 or anti-Ro60 antibody for a clearer designation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa Robbins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Maxime Hentzien
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Segolene Toquet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France
| | - Kevin Didier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Amelie Servettaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, and Clinical Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims University Hospitals, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Bach-Nga Pham
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Reims University Hospital, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Delphine Giusti
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, Reims University Hospital, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is currently considered an "autoimmune epithelitis," as exocrine glands, especially salivary and lacrimal, are progressively destructed by an immune-mediated process associated with specific serum autoantibodies and local lymphocyte infiltrate. Xerostomia remains a key complain in patients with Sjögren's syndrome but should be evaluated also for other causes such as xerogenic medications, followed by radiation and chemotherapy for head and neck cancers, hormone disorders, infections, or other connective tissue diseases. Further, xerophtalmia (also known as dry eye) frequently associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca cumulatively affects approximately 10-30% of the general population with increasing incidence with age and is more frequently secondary to non-autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, numerous patients with Sjögren's syndrome manifest signs of systemic dryness involving the nose, the trachea, the vagina, and the skin, suggesting that other glands are also affected beyond the exocrine epithelia. Skin involvement in Sjögren's syndrome is relatively common, and various manifestations may be present, in particular xeroderma, eyelid dermatitis, annular erythema, and cutaneous vasculitis. Additional skin non-vasculitic manifestations include livedo reticularis which may occur in the absence of vasculitis, and localized nodular cutaneous amyloidosis possibly representing lymphoproliferative diseases related to Sjögren's syndrome. The treatment of skin and mucosal manifestations in Sjögren's syndrome is similar regardless of the cause, starting from patient education to avoid alcohol and tobacco smoking and to pursue dental hygiene. In conclusion, a strict collaboration between the dermatologist and the rheumatologist is essential in the adequate management of Sjögren's syndrome skin and mucosal manifestations.
Collapse
|
29
|
MicroRNA in Sjögren's Syndrome: Their Potential Roles in Pathogenesis and Diagnosis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7510174. [PMID: 29977932 PMCID: PMC6011049 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7510174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) or sicca syndrome was described by Swedish ophthalmologist Sjögren in the year 1933 for the first time. The etiology of the SS is multifunctional and includes a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental as well as epigenetic factors. It is an autoimmune disease characterized by features of systemic autoimmunity, dysfunction, and inflammation in the exocrine glands (mainly salivary and lacrimal glands) and lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands. In fact, the involvement of lacrimal and salivary glands results in the typical features of dry eye and salivary dysfunction (xerostomia). Only in one-third of the patients also present systemic extraglandular manifestations. T cells were originally considered to play the initiating role in the autoimmune process, while B cells were restricted to autoantibody production. In recent years, it is understood that the roles of B cells are multiple. Moreover, autoantibodies and blood B cell analysis are major contributors to a clinical diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Recently, there has been rising interest in microRNA implication in autoimmunity. Unfortunately, to date, there are only a few studies that have investigated their participation in SS etiopathogenesis. The purpose of this work is to gather the data present in the literature to clarify this complex topic.
Collapse
|
30
|
Miles K, Simpson J, Brown S, Cowan G, Gray D, Gray M. Immune Tolerance to Apoptotic Self Is Mediated Primarily by Regulatory B1a Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1952. [PMID: 29403471 PMCID: PMC5780629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome, develop when tolerance to apoptotic cells (ACs) is lost. We have previously reported that this tolerance is maintained by innate-like, IL-10 secreting regulatory B cells. Two questions remained. First, do these regulatory B cells belong predominantly to a single subset of steady-state B cells and second, what is their specificity? We report here that innate-like B cells with markers characteristic for B1a cells (CD43+veCD19hiCD5+veIgMhiIgDlo) constitute 80% of splenic and 96% of peritoneal B cells that respond to ACs by secreting IL-10. AC responsive B1a cells secrete self-reactive natural antibodies (NAbs) and IL-10, which is augmented by toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 or TLR9 stimulation. In so doing, they both accelerate the clearance of dying cells by macrophages and inhibit their potential to mount proinflammatory immune responses. While B1a cells make prolonged contact with ACs, they do not require TIM1 or complement to mediate their regulatory function. In an animal model of neural inflammation (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis), just 105 activated B1a B cells was sufficient to restrain inflammation. Activated B1a B cells also induced antigen-specific T cells to secrete IL-10. Hence, regulatory B1a cells specifically recognize and augment tolerance to apoptotic self via IL-10 and NAbs; but once activated, can also prevent autoimmune mediated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Miles
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Simpson
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Cowan
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David Gray
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mohini Gray
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ainola M, Porola P, Takakubo Y, Przybyla B, Kouri VP, Tolvanen TA, Hänninen A, Nordström DC. Activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by apoptotic particles - mechanism for the loss of immunological tolerance in Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 191:301-310. [PMID: 29105068 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a common autoimmune disease targeting salivary and lacrimal glands. It is strongly female-dominant, characterized by low oestrogen levels combined with a local intracrine dihydrotestosterone defect. We hypothesized that these hormonal deficits lead to increased apoptosis of the epithelial cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC)-mediated proinflammatory host responses. Expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-7 and -9 and cytokine profiles was studied in pDCs treated with apoptotic particles collected in consecutive centrifugation steps of media from apoptotic cells. Expression and localization of SS autoantigens in these particles was also analysed. Furthermore, the effects of sex steroids were studied in pDCs cultured with several concentrations of dihydrotestosterone and 17-β-oestradiol, and in saliva of patient treated with dehydroepiandrosterone. Apoptosis of the epithelial cells led to cleavage and translocation of SS-autoantigens, α-fodrin and SS-A, into apoptotic particles. The apoptosis-induced apoptotic particles also contained another SS-autoantigen, hy1-RNA. These particles were internalized by pDCs in a size-dependent manner and affected TLR-7 and -9 expression and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The analysed androgens protected cells from apoptosis, influenced redistribution of autoantigens and diminished the apoptotic particle-stimulated increase of the TLRs in pDCs. Our findings suggest that the formation of apoptotic particles may play a role in loss of immune tolerance, manifested by production of autoantibodies and the onset of autoinflammation in SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ainola
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Porola
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Y Takakubo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - B Przybyla
- Hematology and Cancer Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - V P Kouri
- Department of Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T A Tolvanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Hänninen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - D C Nordström
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Helsinki University Central Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chronic Autoimmune Epithelitis in Sjögren's Syndrome and Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Comprehensive Review. Rheumatol Ther 2017; 4:263-279. [PMID: 28791611 PMCID: PMC5696286 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-017-0074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the spectrum of autoimmune diseases, Sjögren's syndrome and primary biliary cholangitis are exemplary and can be coined as chronic epithelitis based on their frequent coexistence in clinical practice and the highly specific immune-mediated injury of the small bile ducts and the exocrine glands. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying the diseases are similar, with apoptosis being the key element leading to organ-specific immune-mediated injury directed against the small bile ducts and salivary gland epithelia, respectively along with similar epidemiological features, such as female predominance and the age of onset in the fifth decade of life. Indeed, novel insights into the pathogenesis of the diseases have been obtained in recent years, including a better definition of the role of B and T cells, particularly Th17 cells, and the mechanisms of autoantibody-mediated tissue injury, with anti-mitochondrial antibodies and SS-A/SS-B being identified as specific for primary biliary cholangitis and Sjögren's syndrome, respectively. These findings have opened the possibility to new targeted therapies, but most clinical needs remain unmet, particularly from a therapeutic standpoint where options diverge, with bile acids being the predominant treatment strategy in primary biliary cholangitis and immunomodulators being used to treat Sjögren's syndrome. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the most recent findings on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and therapeutic options for Sjögren's syndrome and primary biliary cholangitis, respectively, while stressing the common traits between these conditions. Our cumulative hypothesis is that similarities outnumber differences and that this may prove advantageous towards a better management of patients.
Collapse
|
33
|
Lisney AR, Szelinski F, Reiter K, Burmester GR, Rose T, Dörner T. High maternal expression of SIGLEC1 on monocytes as a surrogate marker of a type I interferon signature is a risk factor for the development of autoimmune congenital heart block. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1476-1480. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesAutoimmune congenital heart block (CHB) is associated with placental transcytosis of maternal autoantibodies directed against Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B. However, only about 2% of children born to mothers with the respective antibodies are affected, indicating that further risk factors exist, which are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether a maternal type I interferon (IFN) signature represents a risk factor for the development of CHB.MethodsBlood samples, clinical data and serological parameters from 9 women with CHB pregnancies, 14 pregnant women with antibodies against Ro/SS-A but without a CHB complication and another 30 healthy pregnant women as controls were studied. SIGLEC1 expression was measured by flow cytometry and was correlated to plasma IFN-α levels measured by ELISA, and IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) levels measured by Bio-Plex technique.ResultsMothers of affected children had a significantly higher expression of SIGLEC1 (p=0.0034) and IFN-α (p=0.014), but not of IP-10 (p=0.14, all MWU) compared to mothers of unaffected children. SIGLEC1 and IFN-α expression were reduced by hydroxychloroquine and oral glucocorticoids.ConclusionsHigh expression of SIGLEC1 in pregnant women with autoantibodies against Ro/SS-A indicates an enhanced risk for CHB development, and these women may benefit especially from IFN-α directed therapy, for example with hydroxychloroquine.
Collapse
|
34
|
A review of the role and clinical utility of anti-Ro52/TRIM21 in systemic autoimmunity. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:1323-1333. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
35
|
Insight into pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome: Dissection on autoimmune infiltrates and epithelial cells. Clin Immunol 2017; 182:30-40. [PMID: 28330683 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease with broad clinical spectrum, extending from benign exocrinopathy to severe systemic disease and lymphoma development. The glandular and extraglandular dysfunction of SS is associated with lymphocytic infiltrates that invade the epithelial structures of affected organs. The in-depth study of autoimmune lesions in the minor salivary glands (MSG), which are the major target-organ of SS responses, revealed that the lymphocytic infiltrates vary in severity and composition among SS-patients, are full-blown at diagnosis and remain unchanged thereafter. Although the pathogenetic pathways underlying SS have not yet elucidated, it is well-established that glandular epithelial cells are central regulators of local autoimmune responses. Moreover, chronic inflammation affects epithelial function and phenotype, which strengthens or weakens their immunoregulatory/secretory function, leading to deterioration of autoimmune phenomena. Herein, the current findings regarding the autoimmune lesions, the role of epithelial cells and their interaction with infiltrating lymphocytic cells are discussed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Simpson J, Miles K, Trüb M, MacMahon R, Gray M. Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Respond Directly to Apoptotic Cells by Secreting Immune Regulatory IL-10 or IFN-α. Front Immunol 2016; 7:590. [PMID: 28018356 PMCID: PMC5155015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a pivotal role in driving the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus, via the secretion of IFN-α in response to nuclear self-antigens complexed with autoantibodies. Apoptotic cells, generated at sites of inflammation or secondary lymphoid organs, are exposed to activated pDCs and also express the same nuclear antigens on their cell surface. Here, we show that in the absence of autoantibodies, activated pDCs directly respond to apoptotic cell-expressed chromatin complexes by secreting IL-10 and IL-6, which also induces T cells to secrete IL-10. Conversely, when activated by the viral mimetic CpG-A, apoptotic cells enhance their secretion of IFN-α. This study demonstrates that activated pDCs respond directly to apoptotic cells and may maintain tolerance via IL-10, or promote inflammation through secretion of IFN-α, depending on the inflammatory context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Simpson
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Katherine Miles
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marta Trüb
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roisin MacMahon
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mohini Gray
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
We compiled information on antibodies in Sjögren syndrome, focusing more on clinical manifestations associated with anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies and studies regarding novel antibodies. We reviewed previous as well as most recent studies with the subject heading Sjogren in combination with antibodies and congenital heart block (CHB). Almost half of asymptomatic mothers giving birth to children with CHB ultimately develop Sjögren. We discussed studies concerning the presence of antibodies predating clinical manifestations of disease. Studies in the future are required to ascertain the pathogenic mechanisms associated with these antibodies and the specific clinical manifestation related to new autoantibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anum Fayyaz
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 Northeast, 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, 1000 N Lincoln Boulevard, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Medical and Research Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, 921 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Biji T Kurien
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 Northeast, 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, 1000 N Lincoln Boulevard, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Medical and Research Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, 921 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - R Hal Scofield
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 Northeast, 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, 1000 N Lincoln Boulevard, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Medical and Research Services, US Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, 921 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mitsias DI, Kapsogeorgou EK, Moutsopoulos HM. The role of epithelial cells in the initiation and perpetuation of autoimmune lesions: lessons from Sjögren’s syndrome (autoimmune epithelitis). Lupus 2016; 15:255-61. [PMID: 16761498 DOI: 10.1191/0961203306lu2290rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting epithelial tissues. Exocrine glands are the primary target and their functional impairment comes as a result of immune attack of epithelial cells of the affected organs (autoimmune epithelitis). In this interplay, the role of the epithelial cell is pivotal. Extensive data point to an intrinsically activated status. Moreover, the epithelial cells possess all the features needed in order to act as non-professional antigen presenting cells. Through apoptosis and exosomes release endocellular antigens contributing to tolerance breakdown. In addition, produce cytokines and chemokines that recruit lymphocytes in the immunopathogenic lesion. Herein, we review all the aforementioned aspects of the epithelial activity that lead to the perpetuation of the lesion as well as the probable viral factors for the intrinsic activation. Finally, we propose a model for SS pathogenesis that integrates the knowledge accumulated during the last decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D I Mitsias
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Barkauskaite V, Ek M, Popovic K, Harris HE, Wahren-Herlenius M, Nyberg F. Translocation of the novel cytokine HMGB1 to the cytoplasm and extracellular space coincides with the peak of clinical activity in experimentally UV-induced lesions of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2016; 16:794-802. [PMID: 17895302 DOI: 10.1177/0961203307081895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HMGB1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that together with TNF-α and IL-1β is involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneously occurring skin lesions in lupus erythematosus. The purpose of the present study was to explore the sequence of events in HMGB1, TNF-α and IL-1β expression under development and resolution of experimentally induced CLE lesions. The study involved investigation of 38 serial skin biopsies acquired from photoprovoked skin lesions of nine CLE patients, using immunohistochemical staining of tissue sections. In biopsies from the clinically most active phase of skin involvement extracellular, secreted HMGB1 and increased cytoplasmic HMGB1 were found, as compared with the late and fading lesions or non-lesional skin. Besides HMGB1, increased expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was observed in dermal infiltrates of the induced CLE lesions. These cytokines were however not upregulated in all lesions, and increased expression of IL-1β was seen predominantly in late biopsies. In conclusion, extracellular and cytoplasmic HMGB1 coincides with the clinically most active phase of photoinduced lesions of cutaneous lupus, and suggests that HMGB1 is an important factor in the inflammatory autoimmune process of CLE. HMGB1 can induce expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, and formation of a pro-inflammatory loop between HMGB1, TNF-α, and IL-1β may be responsible for the prolonged and sustained inflammation in CLE. Lupus (2007) 16, 794—802.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Barkauskaite
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Park YS, Gauna AE, Cha S. Mouse Models of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 21:2350-64. [PMID: 25777752 DOI: 10.2174/1381612821666150316120024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by immune cell infiltration and progressive injury to the salivary and lacrimal glands. As a consequence, patients with SjS develop xerostomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes). SjS is the third most common rheumatic autoimmune disorder, affecting 4 million Americans with over 90% of patients being female. Current diagnostic criteria for SjS frequently utilize histological examinations of minor salivary glands for immune cell foci, serology for autoantibodies, and dry eye evaluation by corneal or conjunctival staining. SjS can be classified as primary or secondary SjS, depending on whether it occurs alone or in association with other systemic rheumatic conditions, respectively. Clinical manifestations typically become apparent when the disease is relatively advanced in SjS patients, which poses a challenge for early diagnosis and treatment of SjS. Therefore, SjS mouse models, because of their close resemblance to the human SjS, have been extremely valuable to identify early disease markers and to investigate underlying biological and immunological dysregulations. However, it is important to bear in mind that no single mouse model has duplicated all aspects of SjS pathogenesis and clinical features, mainly due to the multifactorial etiology of SjS that includes numerous susceptibility genes and environmental factors. As such, various mouse models have been developed in the field to try to recapitulate SjS. In this review, we focus on recent mouse models of primary SjS xerostomia and describe them under three categories of spontaneous, genetically engineered, and experimentally induced models. In addition, we discuss future perspectives highlighting pros and cons of utilizing mouse models and current demands for improved models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seunghee Cha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL32610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang L, Wang Y, Xing R, Bai L, Li C, Li Z, Liu X. Mimotope mimicking epidermal growth factor receptor alleviates mononuclear cell infiltration in exocrine glands induced by muscarinic acetylcholine 3 receptor. Clin Immunol 2016; 163:111-9. [PMID: 26794912 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The muscarinic type 3 receptor (M3R) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Characterization of the crosstalk between M3R and EGFR has been investigated in some human malignancies. In the current study, we sought to investigate whether EGFR mimic immunization could alleviate the abnormal immune responses in an experimental SS-like model triggered by M3R peptides. After immunization with the combination of mimotope and M3R peptide, the active immunization targeting EGFR induced by the mimotope could reduce the marked infiltration of mononuclear cells, the high titer of antibodies against M3R and the accumulation of crucial pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice immunized with M3R peptide. Mechanistic analysis showed that mimotope immunization could alleviate the autoimmune response through inhibiting mitochondrion-mediated anti-apoptosis and up-regulating the FAS apoptosis pathway. These results may help to clarify the role of M3R in the pathogenesis of SS and suggested that transactivation of the EGFR signaling pathway may help M3R activate the autoimmune response in the pathogenesis of SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49, HuaYuan (North) Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yongfu Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, No.41, LinYin Road, Baotou 014010, PR China
| | - Rui Xing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49, HuaYuan (North) Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, No.41, LinYin Road, Baotou 014010, PR China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49, HuaYuan (North) Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49, HuaYuan (North) Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiangyuan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49, HuaYuan (North) Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
The coexistence of Sjögren's syndrome and primary biliary cirrhosis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 48:301-15. [PMID: 25682089 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-015-8471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases share numerous features and often coexist in the same patient. Autoimmune cholangitis/primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren syndrome represent paradigmatic examples of the common grounds of different autoimmunity phenotypes based on similarities in clinical manifestations and immunopathogenesis. In fact, primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren's syndrome have both been coined as an autoimmune epithelitis in which apoptosis may be in both cases the key element to explain the organ-specific immune-mediated injury against the biliary and exocrine gland epithelia, respectively. Further, growing evidence supports in both diseases the view that B cells, T cytotoxic cells, and T helper cells are involved in chronic inflammation, likely via the altered expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The presence of estrogen receptors on the biliary and exocrine gland epithelia has been advocated as a key to the female predominance encountered in primary biliary cirrhosis and Sjogren's syndrome. Sadly, despite available data, therapeutic approaches remain largely unsatisfactory and recent studies with mechanistic approaches (as in the case of B cell depletion with rituximab) have been of partial benefit only. Future studies should focus on new molecular tools (single-cell transcriptomics, microRNA, epigenetics) to provide unique insights into common mechanisms.
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen CH, Chen HC, Chang CC, Peng YJ, Lee CH, Shieh YS, Hung YJ, Lin YF. Growth Arrest-Specific 6 Protein in Patients with Sjögren Syndrome: Determination of the Plasma Level and Expression in the Labial Salivary Gland. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139955. [PMID: 26445266 PMCID: PMC4596882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein expressed by endothelial cells and leukocytes that are involved in cell survival, migration, and proliferation in response to inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to assess the implications of Gas6 in Sjögren syndrome (SS) and its expression in the labial salivary gland. Methods and Results A total of 254 adults, including 159 with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), 34 with secondary Sjögren syndrome (sSS), and 61 normal controls, were recruited. Plasma Gas6 concentrations were determined, and Gas6 expressions in labial salivary gland (LSG) tissues from controls and pSS and sSS patients were also evaluated. Plasma Gas6 concentrations were significantly lower among patients with pSS than normal controls (13.5 ± 8.6 vs. 19.9 ± 13.4 ng/ml, p < 0.001). There were, however, no significant differences in plasma Gas6 levels between pSS and sSS patients (13.5 ± 8.6 vs. 16.9 ± 11.2 ng/ml, p = 0.068). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, platelet count, lymphocyte count, and C3 and C4 levels, lower plasma Gas6 concentrations were significantly associated with an increased risk of SS. Moreover, by using a semi-quantitative scale to evaluate Gas6 expression in LSG tissues, Gas6 expression was found to be markedly lower in LSG tissues from pSS patients than in tissues from normal controls. Conclusions Decreased plasma Gas6 concentration and LSG expression were associated with pSS. As such, Gas6 may represent a novel independent risk factor for pSS, with a potential role in salivary gland inflammation and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ching Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Shieh
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gourzi VC, Kapsogeorgou EK, Kyriakidis NC, Tzioufas AG. Study of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are predicted to target the autoantigens Ro/SSA and La/SSB in primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 182:14-22. [PMID: 26201309 PMCID: PMC4578504 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The elevated tissue expression of Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantigens appears to be crucial for the generation and perpetuation of autoimmune humoral responses against these autoantigens in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The mechanisms that govern their expression are not known. miRNAs, the post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, might be implicated. We have identified previously the miRNAs let7b, miR16, miR181a, miR200b-3p, miR200b-5p, miR223 and miR483-5p that are predicted to target Ro/SSA [Ro52/tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), Ro60/TROVE domain family, member 2 (TROVE2)] and La/SSB mRNAs. To study possible associations with autoantigen mRNA expression and disease features, their expression was investigated in minor salivary gland (MSG) tissues, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and long-term cultured non-neoplastic salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) from 29 SS patients (20 of 29 positive for autoantibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB) and 24 sicca-complaining controls. The levels of miR16 were up-regulated in MSGs, miR200b-3p in SGECs and miR223 and miR483-5p in PBMCs of SS patients compared to sicca-complaining controls. The MSG levels of let7b, miR16, miR181a, miR223 and miR483-5p were correlated positively with Ro52/TRIM21-mRNA. miR181a and miR200b-3p were correlated negatively with Ro52/TRIM21 and Ro60/TROVE2 mRNAs in SGECs, respectively, whereas let7b, miR200b-5p and miR223 associated with La/SSB-mRNA. In PBMCs, let7b, miR16, miR181a and miR483-5p were correlated with Ro52/TRIM21, whereas let7b, miR16 and miR181a were also associated with La/SSB-mRNA expression. Significantly lower miR200b-5p levels were expressed in SS patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma compared to those without. Our findings indicate that miR16, miR200b-3p, miR223 and miR483-5p are deregulated in SS, but the exact role of this deregulation in disease pathogenesis and autoantigen expression needs to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V C Gourzi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - E K Kapsogeorgou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - N C Kyriakidis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| | - A G Tzioufas
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of AthensGreece
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Szczerba BM, Kaplonek P, Wolska N, Podsiadlowska A, Rybakowska PD, Dey P, Rasmussen A, Grundahl K, Hefner KS, Stone DU, Young S, Lewis DM, Radfar L, Scofield RH, Sivils KL, Bagavant H, Deshmukh US. Interaction between innate immunity and Ro52-induced antibody causes Sjögren's syndrome-like disorder in mice. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 75:617-22. [PMID: 25906316 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autoantibodies reactive with Ro52 are often found in sera of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). This study was undertaken to investigate the role of Ro52-induced immune responses in pathogenesis of SS. METHODS New Zealand Mixed (NZM) 2758 mice were immunised with Ro52 in alum adjuvant. Control mice were immunised either with maltose-binding protein or injected with alum alone. Mice were monitored for anti-Ro52 antibody, sialoadenitis and pilocarpine-induced salivation. Antibody binding to salivary gland (SG) cells was analysed in vivo and in vitro by immunofluorescence. Sera from immunised mice were passively transferred into untreated or alum injected NZM2758 mice. RESULTS By day 30 post-immunisation, Ro52 immunised mice generated immunoprecipitating anti-Ro52 antibodies and they had the maximum drop in saliva production. Both Ro52 immunised and control mice showed evidence of mild sialoadenitis. However, only Ro52 immunised mice had antibody deposition in their SG. Passive transfer of Ro52-immune sera induced SG dysfunction in recipient mice, only if the recipients were primed with alum. In vitro, antibodies from Ro52-immune sera were internalised by a SG cell line and this uptake was inhibited by cytochalasin D treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data show for the first time that antibodies induced by Ro52 are capable of inducing SG dysfunction, and that this phenomenon is dependent on the activation of innate immunity. The mouse model described in this study implies that autoantibody deposition in the SG might be an important step in the induction of xerostomia and pathogenesis of SS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Szczerba
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Kaplonek
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nina Wolska
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Anna Podsiadlowska
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Paulina D Rybakowska
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Paromita Dey
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kiely Grundahl
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Donald U Stone
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Stephen Young
- University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - David M Lewis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Lida Radfar
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - R Hal Scofield
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA Department of Veterans, Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kathy L Sivils
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Harini Bagavant
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Umesh S Deshmukh
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kyriakidis NC, Kapsogeorgou EK, Gourzi VC, Konsta OD, Baltatzis GE, Tzioufas AG. Toll-like receptor 3 stimulation promotes Ro52/TRIM21 synthesis and nuclear redistribution in salivary gland epithelial cells, partially via type I interferon pathway. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 178:548-60. [PMID: 25098814 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Up-regulated expression of Ro52/tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21), Ro60/TROVE domain family, member 2 (TROVE2) and lupus LA protein/Sjögren's syndrome antigen B (La/SSB) autoantigens has been described in the salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). SGECs, the key regulators of autoimmune SS responses, express high levels of surface functional Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3, whereas Ro52/TRIM21 negatively regulates TLR-3-mediated inflammation. Herein, we investigated the effect of TLR-3-signalling on the expression of Ro52/TRIM21, as well as Ro60/TROVE2 and La/SSB autoantigens, by SGECs. The effect of TLR-3 or TLR-4 stimulation on autoantigen expression was evaluated by polyI:C or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, respectively, of SGEC lines (10 from SS patients, 12 from non-SS controls) or HeLa cells, followed by analysis of mRNA and protein expression. PolyI:C, but not LPS, resulted in a two-step induction of Ro52/TRIM21 mRNA expression by SGECs, a 12-fold increment at 6 h followed by a 2.5-fold increment at 24-48 h, whereas it induced a late two-fold up-regulation of Ro60/TROVE2 and La/SSB mRNAs at 48 h. Although protein expression levels were not affected significantly, the late up-regulation of Ro52/TRIM21 mRNA was accompanied by protein redistribution, from nucleolar-like pattern to multiple coarse dots spanning throughout the nucleus. These late phenomena were mediated significantly by interferon (IFN)-β production, as attested by cognate secretion and specific inhibition experiments and associated with IFN regulatory factor (IRF)3 degradation. TLR-3-signalling had similar effects on SGECs obtained from SS patients and controls, whereas it did not affect the expression of these autoantigens in HeLa cells. TLR-3 signalling regulates the expression of autoantigens by SGECs, implicating innate immunity pathways in their over-expression in inflamed tissues and possibly in their exposure to the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N C Kyriakidis
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Activation of histamine H4 receptor inhibits TNFα/IMD-0354-induced apoptosis in human salivary NS-SV-AC cells. Apoptosis 2014; 19:1702-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
48
|
Massie C, Hudson M, Tatibouet S, Steele R, Huynh T, Fritzler MJ, Baron M, Pineau CA. Absence of an association between anti-Ro antibodies and prolonged QTc interval in systemic sclerosis: a multicenter study of 689 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2014; 44:338-44. [PMID: 25128430 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between anti-Ro antibodies, namely anti-Ro60/SS-A and anti-Ro52/TRIM21, together and separately, and a prolonged QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. METHODS A total of 689 SSc patients enrolled in a multicenter cohort study underwent a 12-lead resting EKG at baseline. The QTc interval was measured, and a QTc ≥ 440ms was considered prolonged. Detailed clinical data and sera of these patients were collected and positivity for anti-Ro60/SS-A and anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies was determined using an addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA). RESULTS QTc prolongation was common in this SSc cohort (25%). In a univariate analysis, Ro antibodies, together or separately, were not associated with prolongation of the QTc interval [mean difference in QTc in anti-Ro antibody positive versus negative subjects was -2.2ms (p = 0.5748), in anti-Ro60/SS-A antibody positive versus negative subjects was 1.3ms (p = 0.8616), and in anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibody positive versus negative subjects was -3.3ms (p = 0.4106)]. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for possible confounders, there was no association between prolonged QTc and anti-Ro antibodies [odds ratio (OR) = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 1.22], anti-Ro60/SS-A antibodies (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.72, 3.41), and anti-Ro52/TRIM21 antibodies (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.26). However, in both univariate and multivariate analyses, QTc prolongation was associated with longer disease duration, greater disease severity, and the presence of anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies. CONCLUSIONS QTc prolongation is common in SSc, although anti-Ro antibodies do not seem to be associated with it as is the case in systemic lupus erythematosus. The reasons for this difference as well as the cause of abnormalities in cardiac repolarization in SSc will require additional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Massie
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Hudson
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Jewish General Hospital, Room A-725, 3755 Côte Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Solène Tatibouet
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Russell Steele
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mathematics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thao Huynh
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Murray Baron
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Jewish General Hospital, Room A-725, 3755 Côte Sainte-Catherine Rd, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2
| | - Christian A Pineau
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nakashima Y, Nakamura H, Horai Y, Hayashi T, Takagi Y, Nakamura T, Kawakami A. Comorbid case of IgG4-related disease and primary Sjögren's syndrome. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 25:462-7. [DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.843750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
50
|
Rusakiewicz S, Nocturne G, Lazure T, Semeraro M, Flament C, Caillat-Zucman S, Sène D, Delahaye N, Vivier E, Chaba K, Poirier-Colame V, Nordmark G, Eloranta ML, Eriksson P, Theander E, Forsblad-d'Elia H, Omdal R, Wahren-Herlenius M, Jonsson R, Rönnblom L, Nititham J, Taylor KE, Lessard CJ, Sivils KLM, Gottenberg JE, Criswell LA, Miceli-Richard C, Zitvogel L, Mariette X. NCR3/NKp30 contributes to pathogenesis in primary Sjogren's syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2014; 5:195ra96. [PMID: 23884468 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a lymphocytic exocrinopathy. However, patients often have evidence of systemic autoimmunity, and they are at markedly increased risk for the development of non- Hodgkin's lymphoma. Similar to other autoimmune disorders, a strong interferon (IFN) signature is present among subsets of pSS patients, although the precise etiology remains uncertain. NCR3/NKp30 is a natural killer (NK)-specific activating receptor regulating the cross talk between NK and dendritic cells and type II IFN secretion. We performed a case-control study of genetic polymorphisms of the NCR3/NKp30 gene and found that rs11575837 (G>A) residing in the promoter was associated with reduced gene transcription and function as well as protection to pSS. We also demonstrated that circulating levels of NCR3/NKp30 were significantly increased among pSS patients compared with controls and correlated with higher NCR3/NKp30 but not CD16-dependent IFN-γ secretion by NK cells. Excess accumulation of NK cells in minor salivary glands correlated with the severity of the exocrinopathy. B7H6, the ligand of NKp30, was expressed by salivary epithelial cells. These findings suggest that NK cells may promote an NKp30-dependent inflammatory state in salivary glands and that blockade of the B7H6/NKp30 axis could be clinically relevant in pSS.
Collapse
|