1
|
Sun F, Cheng Y, Wanchai V, Guo W, Mery D, Xu H, Gai D, Siegel E, Bailey C, Ashby C, Al Hadidi S, Schinke C, Thanendrarajan S, Ma Y, Yi Q, Orlowski RZ, Zangari M, van Rhee F, Janz S, Bishop G, Tricot G, Shaughnessy JD, Zhan F. Bispecific BCMA/CD24 CAR-T cells control multiple myeloma growth. Nat Commun 2024; 15:615. [PMID: 38242888 PMCID: PMC10798961 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-multiple myeloma B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies represent a promising treatment strategy with high response rates in myeloma. However, durable cures following anti-BCMA CAR-T cell treatment of myeloma are rare. One potential reason is that a small subset of minimal residual myeloma cells seeds relapse. Residual myeloma cells following BCMA-CAR-T-mediated treatment show less-differentiated features and express stem-like genes, including CD24. CD24-positive myeloma cells represent a large fraction of residual myeloma cells after BCMA-CAR-T therapy. In this work, we develop CD24-CAR-T cells and test their ability to eliminate myeloma cells. We find that CD24-CAR-T cells block the CD24-Siglec-10 pathway, thereby enhancing macrophage phagocytic clearance of myeloma cells. Additionally, CD24-CAR-T cells polarize macrophages to a M1-like phenotype. A dual-targeted BCMA-CD24-CAR-T exhibits improved efficacy compared to monospecific BCMA-CAR-T-cell therapy. This work presents an immunotherapeutic approach that targets myeloma cells and promotes tumor cell clearance by macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumou Sun
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yan Cheng
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Visanu Wanchai
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Wancheng Guo
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - David Mery
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Dongzheng Gai
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Eric Siegel
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Clyde Bailey
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Cody Ashby
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Samer Al Hadidi
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Carolina Schinke
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Sharmilan Thanendrarajan
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Yupo Ma
- iCell Gene Therapeutics LLC, Research & Development Division, Stony Brook, NY, 11790, USA
| | - Qing Yi
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Maurizio Zangari
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Frits van Rhee
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Siegfried Janz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Gail Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa and VA Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Guido Tricot
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - John D Shaughnessy
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Myeloma Center, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lange M, Bergen V, Klein M, Setty M, Reuter B, Bakhti M, Lickert H, Ansari M, Schniering J, Schiller HB, Pe'er D, Theis FJ. CellRank for directed single-cell fate mapping. Nat Methods 2022; 19:159-170. [PMID: 35027767 PMCID: PMC8828480 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Computational trajectory inference enables the reconstruction of cell state dynamics from single-cell RNA sequencing experiments. However, trajectory inference requires that the direction of a biological process is known, largely limiting its application to differentiating systems in normal development. Here, we present CellRank (https://cellrank.org) for single-cell fate mapping in diverse scenarios, including regeneration, reprogramming and disease, for which direction is unknown. Our approach combines the robustness of trajectory inference with directional information from RNA velocity, taking into account the gradual and stochastic nature of cellular fate decisions, as well as uncertainty in velocity vectors. On pancreas development data, CellRank automatically detects initial, intermediate and terminal populations, predicts fate potentials and visualizes continuous gene expression trends along individual lineages. Applied to lineage-traced cellular reprogramming data, predicted fate probabilities correctly recover reprogramming outcomes. CellRank also predicts a new dedifferentiation trajectory during postinjury lung regeneration, including previously unknown intermediate cell states, which we confirm experimentally. CellRank infers directed cell state transitions and cell fates incorporating RNA velocity information into a graph based Markov process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Lange
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Bergen
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michal Klein
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manu Setty
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Basic Sciences Division and Translational Data Science IRC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Bernhard Reuter
- Department of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Zuse Institute Berlin (ZIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mostafa Bakhti
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) / Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Janine Schniering
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) / Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) / Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ortiz-Montero P, Liu-Bordes WY, Londoño-Vallejo A, Vernot JP. CD24 expression and stem-associated features define tumor cell heterogeneity and tumorigenic capacities in a model of carcinogenesis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5767-5784. [PMID: 30510447 PMCID: PMC6248383 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s176654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most carcinomas are composed of heterogeneous populations of tumor cells with distinct and apparently stable phenotypic characteristics. Methods Using an in vitro model of carcinogenesis we aimed at experimentally elucidating the significance of heterogeneity in the expression of CD24, a marker frequently overexpressed in various cancers and correlated with poor prognosis. Results We show that CD24Neg and CD24Pos cells issued from the same tumorigenic cell line display striking differences in stem-related properties, expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition markers, and tumorigenic capacity. Indeed, while CD24Neg cells were as tumorigenic as the parental cell line, CD24Pos cells, although unable to form tumors, were unexpectedly more mesenchymal, displayed enhanced stemness-related properties, and expressed a proinflammatory signature. Conclusion Our findings support the view that acquisition of stem-like cell, CD24-associated, attributes like migration, invasion, and plasticity by a tumor subpopulation is not necessarily related to local tumor growth but may be required for escaping the niche and colonizing distant sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ortiz-Montero
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia,
| | - Win-Yan Liu-Bordes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR3244 Telomere and Cancer Lab, Paris, France
| | - Arturo Londoño-Vallejo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS UMR3244 Telomere and Cancer Lab, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Vernot
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, .,Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alshehri AM, Mendis T, Jackson MW. A cell-based assay for the detection of pathogenic anti-voltage-gated calcium channel autoantibodies in immunoglobulin G from patients with type 1 diabetes. J Immunol Methods 2018; 460:79-86. [PMID: 29940155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have postulated the presence of functional autoantibodies (Abs) against L-type voltage gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in the serum of patients with type 1 diabetes, with various proposed physiological consequences, both islet cell associated and extra-glandular. Arguably, the most potentially damaging effect reported for these Abs is induction of apoptosis in pancreatic beta (β) cells, yet a convincing pathogenic mechanism remains to be demonstrated. In the current study, we report an assay of reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress induction in the rat insulinoma cell line Rin A12, as determined by 2', 7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) fluorescence detection by flow cytometry. We demonstrate that incubation of Rin A12 cells with immunoglobulin G (IgG) containing anti-VGCC activity from patients with T1D mediates a significant increase in ROS, with subsequent induction of apoptosis, as determined by positivity for annexin V expression. Neither T1D patient-derived IgG lacking anti-VGCC activity or IgG from healthy donors altered ROS or annexin V expression, indicating the new assay is specific for the detection of functional anti-VGCC Abs. Subsequent screening of IgG samples derived from individual patients indicated a prevalence of approximately 75% in a cohort of 20 patients with T1D. The new cell-based assay provides, for the first time, experimental evidence supporting a plausible pathophysiological mechanism underlying anti-VGCC Ab-mediated apoptosis induction in β cells. Additionally, the assay is a considerable advance on previously published methods for detecting and characterising the functional activity of anti-VGCC Abs in patient-derived samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Alshehri
- Department of Immunology, Allergy & Arthritis, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thilini Mendis
- Department of Immunology, Allergy & Arthritis, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael W Jackson
- Department of Immunology, Allergy & Arthritis, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fairbridge NA, Southall TM, Ayre DC, Komatsu Y, Raquet PI, Brown RJ, Randell E, Kovacs CS, Christian SL. Loss of CD24 in Mice Leads to Metabolic Dysfunctions and a Reduction in White Adipocyte Tissue. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141966. [PMID: 26536476 PMCID: PMC4633231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD24 is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface receptor that is involved in regulating the survival or differentiation of several different cell types. CD24 has been used to identify pre-adipocytes that are able to reconstitute white adipose tissue (WAT) in vivo. Moreover, we recently found that the dynamic upregulation of CD24 in vitro during early phases of adipogenesis is necessary for mature adipocyte development. To determine the role of CD24 in adipocyte development in vivo, we evaluated the development of the inguinal and interscapular subcutaneous WAT and the epididymal visceral WAT in mice with a homozygous deletion of CD24 (CD24KO). We observed a significant decrease in WAT mass of 40% to 74% in WAT mass from both visceral and subcutaneous depots in male mice, with no significant effect in female mice, compared to wild-type (WT) sex- and age-matched controls. We also found that CD24KO mice had increased fasting glucose and free fatty acids, decreased fasting insulin, and plasma leptin. No major differences were observed in the sensitivity to insulin or glucose, or in circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, or LDL-cholesterol levels between WT and CD24KO mice. Challenging the CD24KO mice with either high sucrose (35%) or high fat (45%) diets that promote increased adiposity, increased WAT mass and fasting insulin, adiponectin and leptin levels, as well as reduced the sensitivity to insulin and glucose, to the levels of WT mice on the same diets. The CD24-mediated reduction in fat pad size was due to a reduction in adipocyte cell size in all depots with no significant reduction pre-adipocyte or adipocyte cell number. Thus, we have clearly demonstrated that the global absence of CD24 affects adipocyte cell size in vivo in a sex- and diet-dependent manner, as well as causing metabolic disturbances in glucose homeostasis and free fatty acid levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Fairbridge
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Thomas M. Southall
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - D. Craig Ayre
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Yumiko Komatsu
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Paula I. Raquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Robert J. Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Edward Randell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Christopher S. Kovacs
- Division of Medicine-Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Sherri L. Christian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
CD24 gene polymorphism--a novel prognostic factor in esophageal cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2014; 29:e49-54. [PMID: 24474454 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CD24 gene has been correlated with poor prognosis of various malignancies. The significance of CD24 in esophageal cancer remains unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the association between CD24 genetic polymorphism and esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between June 2011 and May 2012 patients with esophageal cancer and healthy controls were prospectively enrolled and clinicopathological data were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed to determine CD24 polymorphism at the coding region of CD24, which results in a substitution of the amino acid Ala by Val. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired t-test, χ²-test, and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were included, of whom 51 had esophageal cancer and the rest comprised a healthy control group. The incidence of the polymorphism variant (Val/Val) among the healthy subjects and the esophageal cancer cohort was 6% in both groups. The incidence of N3 (metastasis in 7 or more regional lymph nodes) was markedly higher in those esophageal cancer patients who carried the polymorphism variant compared with those who did not carry it (66% and 2%, respectively, p=0.007). No significant difference was found between the groups with regard to age, gender, histology type, tumor location, tumor stage, and other histological characteristics of the tumor. CONCLUSIONS This CD24 polymorphism may serve as a novel prognostic marker identifying esophageal cancer patients with poor prognosis. Further studies are warranted to evaluate CD24 function and to validate its predictive potential with regard to esophageal cancer.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yamato E, Tashiro F, Miyazaki JI. Microarray analysis of novel candidate genes responsible for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mouse pancreatic β cell line MIN6. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61211. [PMID: 23560115 PMCID: PMC3616144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic islet β cells is important for understanding and treating diabetes. MIN6 cells, a transformed β-cell line derived from a mouse insulinoma, retain GSIS and are a popular in vitro model for insulin secretion. However, in long-term culture, MIN6 cells' GSIS capacity is lost. We previously isolated a subclone, MIN6 clone 4, from the parental MIN6 cells, that shows well-regulated insulin secretion in response to glucose, glybenclamide, and KCl, even after prolonged culture. To investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for preserving GSIS in this subclone, we compared four groups of MIN6 cells: Pr-LP (parental MIN6, low passage number), Pr-HP (parental MIN6, high passage number), C4-LP (MIN6 clone 4, low passage number), and C4-HP (MIN6 clone 4, high passage number). Based on their capacity for GSIS, we designated the Pr-LP, C4-LP, and C4-HP cells as “responder cells.” In a DNA microarray analysis, we identified a group of genes with high expression in responder cells (“responder genes”), but extremely low expression in the Pr-HP cells. Another group of genes (“non-responder genes”) was expressed at high levels in the Pr-HP cells, but at extremely low levels in the responder cells. Some of the responder genes were involved in secretory machinery or glucose metabolism, including Chrebp, Scgn, and Syt7. Among the non-responder genes were Car2, Maf, and Gcg, which are not normally expressed in islet β cells. Interestingly, we found a disproportionate number of known imprinted genes among the responder genes. Our findings suggest that the global expression profiling of GSIS-competent and GSIS-incompetent MIN6 cells will help delineate the gene regulatory networks for insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yamato
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (EY); (JM)
| | - Fumi Tashiro
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Miyazaki
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (EY); (JM)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang P, McKnight KD, Wong DJ, Rodriguez RT, Sugiyama T, Gu X, Ghodasara A, Qu K, Chang HY, Kim SK. A molecular signature for purified definitive endoderm guides differentiation and isolation of endoderm from mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:2273-87. [PMID: 22236333 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic definitive endoderm (DE) generates the epithelial compartment of vital organs such as liver, pancreas, and intestine. However, purification of DE in mammals has not been achieved, limiting the molecular "definition" of endoderm, and hindering our understanding of DE development and attempts to produce endoderm from sources such as embryonic stem (ES) cells. Here, we describe purification of mouse DE using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and mice harboring a transgene encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) inserted into the Sox17 locus, which is expressed in the embryonic endoderm. Comparison of patterns of signaling pathway activation in native mouse DE and endoderm-like cells generated from ES cells produced novel culture modifications that generated Sox17-eGFP⁺ progeny whose gene expression resembled DE more closely than achieved with standard methods. These studies also produced new FACS methods for purifying DE from nontransgenic mice and mouse ES cell cultures. Parallel studies of a new human SOX17-eGFP ES cell line allowed analysis of endoderm differentiation in vitro, leading to culture modifications that enhanced expression of an endoderm-like signature. This work should accelerate our understanding of mechanisms regulating DE development in mice and humans, and guide further use of ES cells for tissue replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Califorina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee TKW, Castilho A, Cheung VCH, Tang KH, Ma S, Ng IOL. CD24(+) liver tumor-initiating cells drive self-renewal and tumor initiation through STAT3-mediated NANOG regulation. Cell Stem Cell 2012; 9:50-63. [PMID: 21726833 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) are a subpopulation of chemoresistant tumor cells that have been shown to cause tumor recurrence upon chemotherapy. Identification of T-ICs and their related pathways are therefore priorities for the development of new therapeutic paradigms. We established chemoresistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft tumors in immunocompromised mice in which an enriched T-IC population was capable of tumor initiation and self-renewal. With this model, we found CD24 to be upregulated in residual chemoresistant tumors when compared with bulk tumor upon cisplatin treatment. CD24(+) HCC cells were found to be critical for the maintenance, self-renewal, differentiation, and metastasis of tumors and to significantly impact patients' clinical outcome. With a lentiviral-based knockdown approach, CD24 was found to be a functional liver T-IC marker that drives T-IC genesis through STAT3-mediated NANOG regulation. Our findings point to a CD24 cascade in liver T-ICs that may provide an attractive therapeutic target for HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terence Kin Wah Lee
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
CD24, a novel cancer biomarker, predicting disease-free survival of non-small cell lung carcinomas: a retrospective study of prognostic factor analysis from the viewpoint of forthcoming (seventh) new TNM classification. J Thorac Oncol 2010; 5:649-57. [PMID: 20354454 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0b013e3181d5e554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastasis-associated protein CD24 has been identified as a new prognostic factor and stem cell marker in the human neoplasm. However, the importance of the CD24 in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) has not been elucidated well. METHODS We evaluated CD24 expression in 267 consecutive cases of NSCLC by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray technique and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters including forthcoming (seventh) new tumor node metastasis classification. RESULTS CD24-high expression was demonstrated in 87 of 267 (33%) and was associated with adenocarcinoma (ADC) histology than in squamous cell carcinoma histology (64 of 165 [39%] vs. 20 of 88 [23%]; p = 0.023). Patients with CD24-high tumors tended to have a higher risk of disease progression (p < 0.001) and cancer-related death (p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis proved CD24-high expression as independent prognostic factors of disease progression and cancer-related death (p = 0.002, hazard ratio = 1.78, 95% confidence interval = 1.23-2.58 and p = 0.017, hazard ratio = 1.93, 95% confidence interval =1.13-3.31). CD24-high expression had a tendency to correlate with new pathologic stage (p-stage) (p = 0.089) rather than old p-stage (p = 0.253). Performance status and new p-stage, regardless of the tumor histology, were identified as consistent independent prognostic factors of disease progression and cancer-related death. However, age was related to a significantly shorter cancer-specific survival in ADC only. CONCLUSIONS CD24 expression in NSCLC is associated with ADC histology and disease progression and cancer-related death, indicative of aggressive tumor behavior. Performance status and new p-stage, to a lesser extent, age correlated with progression-free survival and cancer-specific survival, regardless of tumor histology.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
As a testament to the importance of CD24, researchers with diverse interests, including adaptive immunity, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer, have encountered CD24. CD24 is overexpressed in many cancers and appears oncogenic. In the adaptive immune response, CD24 is a redundant costimulatory molecule in costimulation-rich lymphoid organs but is essential in selected target organs tested, such as brain and skin. More recent studies suggest it may have a role in discriminating danger and pathogen-associated molecular patterns by dendritic cells. The biology of CD24 is intriguing but poorly understood. Here we summarize the major findings associated with CD24 to stimulate new ideas for further research that may reveal the underlying link among the diverse processes mediated by CD24.
Collapse
|
12
|
Sano A, Kato H, Sakurai S, Sakai M, Tanaka N, Inose T, Saito K, Sohda M, Nakajima M, Nakajima T, Kuwano H. CD24 Expression Is a Novel Prognostic Factor in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 16:506-14. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-0252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
13
|
Wang CY, Gou SM, Liu T, Wu HS, Xiong JX, Zhou F, Tao J. Differentiation of CD24- pancreatic ductal cell-derived cells into insulin-secreting cells. Dev Growth Differ 2008; 50:633-43. [PMID: 18657167 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2008.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic progenitor cells represent both a potential source of transplantable islets for the treatment of diabetes and a valuable instrument for the investigation of the tumorigenesis of pancreatic carcinoma. It has been reported that pancreatic ductal cells of adults have the characteristics of pancreatic progenitors, but whether these cells can generate endocrine cells requires verification. Here, the differentiation of daughter cells of CD24(-) pancreatic ductal cells into insulin-secreting cells in vitro is reported. Crude pancreatic ductal cells were first obtained from adult mice by gradient centrifugation, and then the CD24(-) cells were isolated with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. The isolated cells were cultured in serum-containing medium at clonal density to form epithelial colonies (ECs). The ECs were then stimulated with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). After 72 h, insulin-secreting cells were observed in the ECs. These results indicate that the daughter cells of CD24(-) pancreatic ductal cells can differentiate into insulin-secreting cells in vitro when stimulated with exogenous bFGF. Therefore, CD24(-) pancreatic ductal cells have the potential to be pancreatic progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-You Wang
- Pancreatic Center, Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430022 China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sagiv E, Arber N. The novel oncogene CD24 and its arising role in the carcinogenesis of the GI tract: from research to therapy. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 2:125-33. [PMID: 19072375 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2.1.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
CD24 was first described in the early 1980s and only attributed to scattered publications, referred to as a cell surface molecule in hematopoiesis. Recently, studies are accumulating to show that CD24 conveys a function in cell-to-cell interaction and regulation of proliferation and adhesion. CD24 appears to be highly expressed in a large variety of human cancers and to contribute to the acceleration of tumor growth and metastases shedding by binding to platelet (P)-selectin, L1 and by evoking--to date unknown--intracellular signal pathways. Anti-CD24 monoclonal antibodies thus act as a promising cancer treatment as was shown in the setting of gastrointestinal cancers. Recent articles also correlate CD24 expression with the identification of 'tumor stem cells'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Sagiv
- Integrated Cancer Prevention Center, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sugiyama T, Rodriguez RT, McLean GW, Kim SK. Conserved markers of fetal pancreatic epithelium permit prospective isolation of islet progenitor cells by FACS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:175-80. [PMID: 17190805 PMCID: PMC1765430 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609490104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective isolation and characterization of progenitor cells is a paradigmatic strategy for studies of organ development. However, extraction of viable cells, fractionation of lineages, and in vitro analysis of progenitors from the fetal pancreas in experimental organisms like mice has proved challenging and has not yet been reported for human fetal pancreas. Here, we report isolation of pancreatic islet progenitor cells from fetal mice by FACS. Monoclonal antibodies that recognize cell-surface proteins on candidate stem cells in brain, skin, and other organs enabled separation of major pancreatic cell lineages and isolation of native pancreatic cells expressing neurogenin 3, an established marker of islet progenitors. New in vitro cell culture methods permitted isolated mouse islet progenitors to develop into hormone-expressing endocrine cells. Insulin-producing cells derived in vitro required or expressed factors that regulate fetal beta cell differentiation; thus, the genetic programs normally controlling in vivo mouse islet development are similarly required in our system. Moreover, antibodies that recognize conserved orthologous cell-surface epitopes in human fetal pancreas allowed FACS-based enrichment of candidate islet progenitor cells expressing neurogenin 3. Our studies reveal previously undescribed strategies for prospective purification and analysis of pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells that should accelerate studies of islet development and replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sugiyama
- *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329; and
| | - Ryan T. Rodriguez
- *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329; and
| | - Graeme W. McLean
- *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329; and
| | - Seung K. Kim
- *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329; and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5329
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sagiv E, Kazanov D, Arber N. CD24 plays an important role in the carcinogenesis process of the pancreas. Biomed Pharmacother 2006; 60:280-4. [PMID: 16824727 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma have a doom prognosis these tumors were previously proved to express high level of CD24. The current study was aimed to demonstrate that the treatment with monoclonal antibodies to CD24 is effective, in vitro, in pancreatic cancer cells, similar to what we had previously shown in the setting of colorectal cancer. Three human pancreatic cancer cell lines, Colo357, Panc1 and MIA-PaCa, were analyzed for their expression levels of CD24 by Western blot analysis. The correlation for the protein available on the cytoplasmic membrane was assessed by ELISA assay to plates coated with fixed cells using anti-CD24 Ab as the first binder. Human cancer cell lines were tested for their response to two different anti-CD24 monoclonal antibodies and a control antibody (mouse anti-GFP). Human pancreatic adenocarcinomas cell lines that express CD24 (Colo357 and Panc1 cells) showed growth inhibition in dose and time dependent manners. These results were repetitive for the two different antibodies. Growth rate was not affected in MIA-PaCa cells that do not express CD24, or when cells were treated with a control antibody. CD24 may play an important role in the carcinogenesis process of pancreatic cancer. It may serve as a useful target in the therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Sagiv
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Weichert W, Denkert C, Burkhardt M, Gansukh T, Bellach J, Altevogt P, Dietel M, Kristiansen G. Cytoplasmic CD24 expression in colorectal cancer independently correlates with shortened patient survival. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:6574-81. [PMID: 16166435 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CD24 is a cell adhesion molecule that has been implicated in metastatic tumor progression of various solid tumors. We aimed to clarify the expression patterns of CD24 in colorectal cancer and to correlate these to clinicopathologic variables including patient survival. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 147 colorectal carcinomas and two colon carcinoma cell lines were immunostained for CD24. Cytoplasmic and membranous immunoreactivity were semiquantitatively scored. Fisher's exact test, chi(2) test for trends, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox's regression were applied. RESULTS The cell line CX-2 showed only a minimal membranous CD24 immunoreactivity, in contrast to HT29, which stained strongly in the cytoplasm. In colorectal cancer, 68.7% of the tumors showed membranous CD24 staining, whereas 84.4% showed cytoplasmic staining. In 10% of cases, an exceptionally strong cytoplasmic CD24 expression was observed. The latter significantly correlated to higher tumor stages (Dukes and pT), nodal or systemic metastasis, and higher tumor grade. In survival analysis, strong cytoplasmic CD24 expression correlated significantly (Cox's regression: P = 0.012, relative risk = 3.7) to shortened patient survival in the group of cases without distant metastases. CONCLUSIONS CD24 is commonly up-regulated in colorectal cancer and is a new independent prognostic marker which corroborates the importance of CD24 in tumor progression of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology and Tumor Center, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Hu J, Zhao D, Wang G, Tan L, Du L, Yang J, Hou L, Zhang H, Yu Y, Zhang H, Deng H, Ding M. NestinnegCD24low/- population from fetal Nestin-EGFP transgenic mice enriches the pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells. Pancreas 2005; 31:385-91. [PMID: 16258375 DOI: 10.1097/01.mpa.0000183376.96670.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify whether Nestin-positve cells or Nestin-negative cells in pancreas enrich potential pancreatic stem/progenitor cells. METHODS We generated transgenic mice carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of the nestin second-intronic enhancer and subsequently divided their embryonic pancreatic cells into different subpopulations according to the expression of EGFP and CD24 and characterized these subpopulations by in vitro culture. RESULTS The EGFP expression correlated well with that of endogenous Nestin. Only the NestinCD24 subpopulation was able to proliferate and generate immature islet-like cell clusters in long-term culture. Immature islet-like cell clusters could be induced to differentiate into insulin-, glucagon-, and somatostatin-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic endocrine stem/progenitor cells are enriched in the NestinCD24 population of embryonic pancreas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- PKU-BLARC Mouse Genomics Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jacob J, Bellach J, Grützmann R, Alldinger I, Pilarsky C, Dietel M, Kristiansen G. Expression of CD24 in adenocarcinomas of the pancreas correlates with higher tumor grades. Pancreatology 2004; 4:454-60. [PMID: 15256807 DOI: 10.1159/000079824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Accepted: 01/05/2004] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS CD24 is expressed in hematological malignancies as well as in a large variety of solid tumors and is often associated with a more aggressive course of the disease. We aimed to evaluate CD24 protein expression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and to correlate it to clinicopathological data including patient survival. METHODS 95 primary adenocarcinomas of the pancreas were immunostained using a monoclonal CD24 antibody (Ab-2, clone 24C02). Staining was evaluated as negative versus positive for statistical analysis. RESULTS CD24 expression was observed in 71.6% of cases with a heterogeneous distribution, and a significantly higher rate of positivity in high grade (G3) tumors. In univariate survival analyses, no association of CD24 expression with shortened overall survival of the patients could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION CD24 is commonly expressed in adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, preferentially high-grade tumors and thus might be a marker of disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Jacob
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kristiansen G, Pilarsky C, Pervan J, Stürzebecher B, Stephan C, Jung K, Loening S, Rosenthal A, Dietel M. CD24 expression is a significant predictor of PSA relapse and poor prognosis in low grade or organ confined prostate cancer. Prostate 2004; 58:183-92. [PMID: 14716744 DOI: 10.1002/pros.10324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic impact of tumor grading and staging is markedly reduced in organ confined or moderately differentiated prostate cancer, which underscores the importance of new prognostic markers. Evaluating public expression data of prostate cancer, we found an upregulation of the candidate gene CD24. METHODS We examined immunohistochemically the expression of CD24 protein in 31 nodal metastases and 102 adenocarcinomas of the prostate and correlated our findings to clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS CD24 expression was found in 48% of primary prostate cancer cases and in 68% of lymph node metastases. Kaplan Meier curves and Cox regression analysis showed that CD24 expression was strongly linked to significantly earlier disease progression (relative risk = 3.2), which was especially pronounced in organ confined, or moderately differentiated primary prostate tumors. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that CD24 is an important prognostic tissue marker for prostate cancer which could help to define patients of low or high risk of recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kristiansen G, Schlüns K, Yongwei Y, Denkert C, Dietel M, Petersen I. CD24 is an independent prognostic marker of survival in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:231-6. [PMID: 12610508 PMCID: PMC2377041 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as a B-cell marker, expression of the cell surface molecule CD24 has meanwhile been observed in a variety of human malignancies. It appears to function as a ligand of P-Selectin, an adhesion molecule that is present in activated platelets and endothelial cells. We aimed to determine the rate of CD24 expression in our nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) collection and to clarify its correlation with clinicopathological parameters including patients' survival. A total of 89 NSCLC were analysed immunohistochemically using a monoclonal CD24 antibody (clone 24C02) and a standard detection system (LSAB, DAKO) on NSCLC tissue microarrays (TMA). The staining was semiquantitatively scored (0, 1+, 2+, 3+) and grouped into high (2+, 3+)- and low (0, 1+)-level expression for statistical analysis. A high level of CD24 expression was observed in 45% of the cases, preferentially adenocarcinomas. Patients whose tumours had a high CD24 expression showed a significantly shorter median survival time of 23 months vs 38 months (P=0.033, log-rank test). Similarly tumour, grading, nodal status and clinical stage were significant prognostic markers in univariate survival analysis. Importantly, in the Cox regression-based multivariate analysis, CD24 expression (P=0.025) together with tumour stage (P=0.006) and grade (P=0.011) proved to be independent prognostic parameters. We hypothesise that the decreased survival of NSCLC patients with strongly CD24-positive tumours is related to an enhanced propensity of haematogenous metastasis formation, which might be P-Selectin mediated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Schlüns
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Y Yongwei
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Dietel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - I Petersen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Hospital, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kristiansen G, Denkert C, Schlüns K, Dahl E, Pilarsky C, Hauptmann S. CD24 is expressed in ovarian cancer and is a new independent prognostic marker of patient survival. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2002; 161:1215-21. [PMID: 12368195 PMCID: PMC1867310 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CD24 is a small heavily glycosylated glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface protein, which is expressed in hematological malignancies as well as in a large variety of solid tumors. Very recently its expression in ovarian cancer has been found on RNA level by chip analysis. We evaluated CD24 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in 9 normal ovaries and 69 epithelial ovarian tumors (5 adenomas, 8 borderline tumors, and 56 carcinomas) with known follow-up data. Surface epithelium of normal ovaries as well as adenomas did not express CD24. In borderline tumors CD24 was expressed in membrane in 75% of cases, whereas cytoplasmic expression was detected in only one of nine cases. In invasive ovarian carcinomas, a membranous expression was detected in 84% and a cytoplasmic expression in 59% of cases. In univariate survival analysis of all invasive ovarian carcinomas, a highly significant association of increased cytoplasmic CD24 expression with shortened patient survival (mean 98 months versus 37 months, P = 0.0002, log rank test) was demonstrated. Other significant prognostic parameters were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, Silverberg grade, patient age, undifferentiated histological type, and metastatic disease. We did not detect a significant correlation of CD24 with these clinicopathological parameters. In multivariate analysis, only CD24 and FIGO stage were independent prognostic parameters. Our data suggest that the expression of CD24 as detected by immunohistochemistry is a new independent molecular marker for shortened survival time of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glen Kristiansen
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten Schlüns
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| | - Edgar Dahl
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Hauptmann
- From the Institute of Pathology,* Charité Hospital, Berlin; and MetaGen Pharmaceuticals† , Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|