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Kockel L, Zhang V, Wang J, Gulick C, Laws ME, Rajan A, Lantz N, Asgarova A, Dai L, Garcia K, Kim C, Li M, Ordonez-Acosta P, Peng D, Shull H, Tse L, Wang Y, Yu W, Zhou Z, Rankin A, Park S, Kim SK. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in Drosophila via visual selection in a summer classroom. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.28.587232. [PMID: 38585736 PMCID: PMC10996655 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.28.587232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 methods are a powerful in vivo approach to edit the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. To convert existing Drosophila GAL4 lines to LexA driver lines in a secondary school classroom setting, we applied the CRISPR-based genetic approach to a collection of Gal4 'driver' lines. The integration of the yellow+ coat color marker into homology-assisted CRISPR knock-in (HACK) enabled visual selection of Gal4-to-LexA conversions using brightfield stereo-microscopy available in a broader set of standard classrooms. Here, we report the successful conversion of eleven Gal4 lines with expression in neuropeptide-expressing cells into corresponding, novel LexA drivers. The conversion was confirmed by LexA- and Gal4-specific GFP reporter gene expression. This curriculum was successfully implemented in a summer course running 16 hours/week for seven weeks. The modularity, flexibility, and compactness of this course should enable development of similar classes in secondary schools and undergraduate curricula, to provide opportunities for experience-based science instruction, and university-secondary school collaborations that simultaneously fulfill research needs in the community of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Kockel
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University SOM, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Jenna Wang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | - Arjun Rajan
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University SOM, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicole Lantz
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Lillian Dai
- Lexington High School, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
| | | | - Charlene Kim
- Busan International High School, Busan, South Korea
| | - Michelle Li
- Shenzhen Foreign Language School, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Dongshen Peng
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Henry Shull
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lauren Tse
- Hong Kong International School, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Wenxin Yu
- Guangdong Country Garden School, Guangdong, China
| | - Zee Zhou
- Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA 22312, USA
| | - Anne Rankin
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Sangbin Park
- Grier School, Tyrone, PA 16686, USA
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University SOM, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University SOM, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Lexington High School, Lexington, MA 02421, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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2
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Coykendall VM, Qian MF, Tellez K, Bautista A, Bevacqua RJ, Gu X, Hang Y, Neukam M, Zhao W, Chang C, MacDonald PE, Kim SK. RFX6 Maintains Gene Expression and Function of Adult Human Islet α-Cells. Diabetes 2024; 73:448-460. [PMID: 38064570 PMCID: PMC10882151 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor regulatory factor X-box binding 6 (RFX6) are associated with human diabetes. Within pancreatic islets, RFX6 expression is most abundant in islet α-cells, and α-cell RFX6 expression is altered in diabetes. However, the roles of RFX6 in regulating gene expression, glucagon output, and other crucial human adult α-cell functions are not yet understood. We developed a method for selective genetic targeting of human α-cells and assessed RFX6-dependent α-cell function. RFX6 suppression with RNA interference led to impaired α-cell exocytosis and dysregulated glucagon secretion in vitro and in vivo. By contrast, these phenotypes were not observed with RFX6 suppression across all islet cells. Transcriptomics in α-cells revealed RFX6-dependent expression of genes governing nutrient sensing, hormone processing, and secretion, with some of these exclusively expressed in human α-cells. Mapping of RFX6 DNA-binding sites in primary human islet cells identified a subset of direct RFX6 target genes. Together, these data unveil RFX6-dependent genetic targets and mechanisms crucial for regulating adult human α-cell function. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Vy M.N. Coykendall
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Mollie F. Qian
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Krissie Tellez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Austin Bautista
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Romina J. Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Martin Neukam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Charles Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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3
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Rankin AE, Fox E, Chisholm T, Lantz N, Rajan A, Phillips W, Griffin E, Harper J, Suhr C, Tan M, Wang J, Yang A, Kim ES, Ankrah NKA, Chakraborty P, Lam ACK, Laws ME, Lee J, Park KK, Wesel E, Covert PH, Kockel L, Park S, Kim SK. Simplified homology-assisted CRISPR for gene editing in Drosophila. G3 (Bethesda) 2024; 14:jkad277. [PMID: 38058125 PMCID: PMC10849607 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In vivo genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 generates powerful tools to study gene regulation and function. We revised the homology-assisted CRISPR knock-in method to convert Drosophila GAL4 lines to LexA lines using a new universal knock-in donor strain. A balancer chromosome-linked donor strain with both body color (yellow) and eye red fluorescent protein (RFP) expression markers simplified the identification of LexA knock-in using light or fluorescence microscopy. A second balancer chromosome-linked donor strain readily converted the second chromosome-linked GAL4 lines regardless of target location in the cis-chromosome but showed limited success for the third chromosome-linked GAL4 lines. We observed a consistent and robust expression of the yellow transgene in progeny harboring a LexA knock-in at diverse genomic locations. Unexpectedly, the expression of the 3xP3-RFP transgene in the "dual transgene" cassette was significantly increased compared with that of the original single 3xP3-RFP transgene cassette in all tested genomic locations. Using this improved screening approach, we generated 16 novel LexA lines; tissue expression by the derived LexA and originating GAL4 lines was similar or indistinguishable. In collaboration with 2 secondary school classes, we also established a systematic workflow to generate a collection of LexA lines from frequently used GAL4 lines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Nicole Lantz
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Arjun Rajan
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Max Tan
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Jason Wang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Alana Yang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Ella S Kim
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jackson Lee
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Kyle K Park
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Emily Wesel
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Lutz Kockel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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4
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Bevacqua RJ, Zhao W, Merheb E, Kim SH, Marson A, Gloyn AL, Kim SK. Multiplexed CRISPR gene editing in primary human islet cells with Cas9 ribonucleoprotein. iScience 2024; 27:108693. [PMID: 38205242 PMCID: PMC10777115 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful genome editing in primary human islets could reveal features of the genetic regulatory landscape underlying β cell function and diabetes risk. Here, we describe a CRISPR-based strategy to interrogate functions of predicted regulatory DNA elements using electroporation of a complex of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (Cas9 RNP) and guide RNAs into primary human islet cells. We successfully targeted coding regions including the PDX1 exon 1, and non-coding DNA linked to diabetes susceptibility. CRISPR-Cas9 RNP approaches revealed genetic targets of regulation by DNA elements containing candidate diabetes risk SNPs, including an in vivo enhancer of the MPHOSPH9 gene. CRISPR-Cas9 RNP multiplexed targeting of two cis-regulatory elements linked to diabetes risk in PCSK1, which encodes an endoprotease crucial for Insulin processing, also demonstrated efficient simultaneous editing of PCSK1 regulatory elements, resulting in impaired β cell PCSK1 regulation and Insulin secretion. Multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 RNP provides powerful approaches to investigate and elucidate human islet cell gene regulation in health and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute (DOMI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Emilio Merheb
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute (DOMI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology and Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology) and of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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5
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Qian MF, Bevacqua RJ, Coykendall VM, Liu X, Zhao W, Chang CA, Gu X, Dai XQ, MacDonald PE, Kim SK. HNF1α maintains pancreatic α and β cell functions in primary human islets. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e170884. [PMID: 37943614 PMCID: PMC10807710 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.170884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HNF1A haploinsufficiency underlies the most common form of human monogenic diabetes (HNF1A-maturity onset diabetes of the young [HNF1A-MODY]), and hypomorphic HNF1A variants confer type 2 diabetes risk. But a lack of experimental systems for interrogating mature human islets has limited our understanding of how the transcription factor HNF1α regulates adult islet function. Here, we combined conditional genetic targeting in human islet cells, RNA-Seq, chromatin mapping with cleavage under targets and release using nuclease (CUT&RUN), and transplantation-based assays to determine HNF1α-regulated mechanisms in adult human pancreatic α and β cells. Short hairpin RNA-mediated (shRNA-mediated) suppression of HNF1A in primary human pseudoislets led to blunted insulin output and dysregulated glucagon secretion after transplantation in mice, recapitulating phenotypes observed in patients with diabetes. These deficits corresponded with altered expression of genes encoding factors critical for hormone secretion, including calcium channel subunits, ATPase transporters, and extracellular matrix constituents. Additionally, HNF1A loss led to upregulation of transcriptional repressors, providing evidence for a mechanism of transcriptional derepression through HNF1α. CUT&RUN mapping of HNF1α DNA binding sites in primary human islets imputed a subset of HNF1α-regulated genes as direct targets. These data elucidate mechanistic links between HNF1A loss and diabetic phenotypes in mature human α and β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie F. Qian
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Romina J. Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vy M.N. Coykendall
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xiong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Charles A. Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics (Endocrinology), and
- Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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6
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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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7
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Bevacqua RJ, Zhao W, Merheb E, Kim SH, Marson A, Gloyn AL, Kim SK. Multiplexed CRISPR gene editing in primary human islet cells with Cas9 ribonucleoprotein. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.16.558090. [PMID: 37745551 PMCID: PMC10516051 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.16.558090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Successful genome editing in primary human islets could reveal features of the genetic regulatory landscape underlying β cell function and diabetes risk. Here, we describe a CRISPR-based strategy to interrogate functions of predicted regulatory DNA elements using electroporation of a complex of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (Cas9 RNP) and guide RNAs into primary human islet cells. We successfully targeted coding regions including the PDX1 exon 1, and non-coding DNA linked to diabetes susceptibility. CRISPR/Cas9 RNP approaches revealed genetic targets of regulation by DNA elements containing candidate diabetes risk SNPs, including an in vivo enhancer of the MPHOSPH9 gene. CRISPR/Cas9 RNP multiplexed targeting of two cis-regulatory elements linked to diabetes risk in PCSK1, which encodes an endoprotease crucial for insulin processing, also demonstrated efficient simultaneous editing of PCSK1 regulatory elements, resulting in impaired β cell PCSK1 regulation and insulin secretion. Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 RNP provides powerful approaches to investigate and elucidate human islet cell gene regulation in health and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina J. Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute (DOMI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Regenerative Biology and Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Emilio Merheb
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute (DOMI), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology and Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, University of California at San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology) and of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Kim ES, Rajan A, Chang K, Govindarajan S, Gulick C, English E, Rodriguez B, Bloomfield O, Nakada S, Beard C, O’Connor S, Mastroianni S, Downey E, Feigenbaum M, Tolentino C, Pace A, Khan M, Moon S, DiPrima J, Syed A, Lin F, Abukhadra Y, Bacon I, Beckerle J, Cho S, Donkor NE, Garberg L, Harrington A, Hoang M, Lawani N, Noori A, Park E, Parsons E, Oravitan P, Chen M, Molina C, Richmond C, Reddi A, Huang J, Shugrue C, Coviello R, Unver S, Indelicarto M, Islamovic E, McIlroy R, Yang A, Hamad M, Griffin E, Ahmed Z, Alla A, Fitzgerald P, Choi A, Das T, Cheng Y, Yu J, Roderiques T, Lee E, Liu L, Harper J, Wang J, Suhr C, Tan M, Luque J, Tam AR, Chen E, Triff M, Zimmermann L, Zhang E, Wood J, Clark K, Kpodonu N, Dey A, Ecker A, Chuang M, López RKS, Sun H, Wei Z, Stone H, Chi CYJ, Silvestri A, Orloff P, Nedumaran N, Zou A, Ünver L, Page O, Kim M, Chan TYT, Tulloch A, Hernandez A, Pillai A, Chen C, Chowdhury N, Huang L, Mudide A, Paik G, Wingate A, Quinn L, Conybere C, Baumgardt LL, Buckley R, Kolberg Z, Pattison R, Shazli AA, Ganske P, Sfragara L, Strub A, Collier B, Tamana H, Ravindran D, Howden J, Stewart M, Shimizu S, Braniff J, Fong M, Gutman L, Irvine D, Malholtra S, Medina J, Park J, Yin A, Abromavage H, Barrett B, Chen J, Cho R, Dilatush M, Gaw G, Gu C, Huang J, Kilby H, Markel E, McClure K, Phillips W, Polaski B, Roselli A, Saint-Cyr S, Shin E, Tatum K, Tumpunyawat T, Wetherill L, Ptaszynska S, Zeleznik M, Pesendorfer A, Nolan A, Tao J, Sammeta D, Nicholson L, Dinh GV, Foltz M, Vo A, Ross M, Tokarski A, Hariharan S, Wang E, Baziuk M, Tay A, Wong YHM, Floyd J, Cui A, Pierre K, Coppisetti N, Kutam M, Khurjekar D, Gadzi A, Gubbay B, Pedretti S, Belovich S, Yeung T, Fey M, Shaffer L, Li A, Beritela G, Huyghue K, Foster G, Durso-Finley G, Thierfelder Q, Kiernan H, Lenkowsky A, Thomas T, Cheng N, Chao O, L’Etoile-Goga P, King A, McKinley P, Read N, Milberg D, Lin L, Wong M, Gilman I, Brown S, Chen L, Kosai J, Verbinsky M, Belshaw-Hood A, Lee H, Zhou C, Lobo M, Tse A, Tran K, Lewis K, Sonawane P, Ngo J, Zuzga S, Chow L, Huynh V, Yang W, Lim S, Stites B, Chang S, Cruz-Balleza R, Pelta M, Kujawski S, Yuan C, Standen-Bloom E, Witt O, Anders K, Duane A, Huynh N, Lester B, Fung-Lee S, Fung M, Situ M, Canigiula P, Dijkgraaf M, Romero W, Baula SK, Wong K, Xu I, Martinez B, Nuygen R, Norris L, Nijensohn N, Altman N, Maajid E, Burkhardt O, Chanda J, Doscher C, Gopal A, Good A, Good J, Herrera N, Lanting L, Liem S, Marks A, McLaughlin E, Lee A, Mohr C, Patton E, Pyarali N, Oczon C, Richards D, Good N, Goss S, Khan A, Madonia R, Mitchell V, Sun N, Vranka T, Garcia D, Arroyo F, Morales E, Camey S, Cano G, Bernabe A, Arroyo J, Lopez Y, Gonzalez E, Zumba B, Garcia J, Vargas E, Trinidad A, Candelaria N, Valdez V, Campuzano F, Pereznegron E, Medrano J, Gutierrez J, Gutierrez E, Abrego ET, Gutierrez D, Ortiz C, Barnes A, Arms E, Mitchell L, Balanzá C, Bradford J, Detroy H, Ferguson D, Guillermo E, Manapragada A, Nanula D, Serna B, Singh K, Sramaty E, Wells B, Wiggins M, Dowling M, Schmadeke G, Cafferky S, Good S, Reese M, Fleig M, Gannett A, Cain C, Lee M, Oberto P, Rinehart J, Pan E, Mathis SA, Joiner J, Barr L, Evans CJ, Baena-Lopez A, Beatty A, Collette J, Smullen R, Suttie J, Chisholm T, Rotondo C, Lewis G, Turner V, Stark L, Fox E, Amirapu A, Park S, Lantz N, Rankin AE, Kim SK, Kockel L. Generation of LexA enhancer-trap lines in Drosophila by an international scholastic network. G3 (Bethesda) 2023; 13:jkad124. [PMID: 37279923 PMCID: PMC10468311 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conditional gene regulation in Drosophila through binary expression systems like the LexA-LexAop system provides a superb tool for investigating gene and tissue function. To increase the availability of defined LexA enhancer trap insertions, we present molecular, genetic, and tissue expression studies of 301 novel Stan-X LexA enhancer traps derived from mobilization of the index SX4 line. This includes insertions into distinct loci on the X, II, and III chromosomes that were not previously associated with enhancer traps or targeted LexA constructs, an insertion into ptc, and seventeen insertions into natural transposons. A subset of enhancer traps was expressed in CNS neurons known to produce and secrete insulin, an essential regulator of growth, development, and metabolism. Fly lines described here were generated and characterized through studies by students and teachers in an international network of genetics classes at public, independent high schools, and universities serving a diversity of students, including those underrepresented in science. Thus, a unique partnership between secondary schools and university-based programs has produced and characterized novel resources in Drosophila, establishing instructional paradigms devoted to unscripted experimental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella S Kim
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Arjun Rajan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kathleen Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Eva English
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sarah O’Connor
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | | | - Emma Downey
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | | | | | - Abigail Pace
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Marina Khan
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Soyoun Moon
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Jordan DiPrima
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Amber Syed
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Flora Lin
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sophia Cho
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mai Hoang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Nosa Lawani
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Ayush Noori
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Euwie Park
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adith Reddi
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Jason Huang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | - Selma Unver
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alana Yang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Mahdi Hamad
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Zara Ahmed
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Asha Alla
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Audrey Choi
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Tanya Das
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Joshua Yu
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Ethan Lee
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | - Jason Wang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Chris Suhr
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Max Tan
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | - Emma Chen
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Max Triff
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Eric Zhang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Jackie Wood
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | - Nat Kpodonu
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Antar Dey
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | - Harry Sun
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Zijing Wei
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Henry Stone
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leyla Ünver
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Oscair Page
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | - Minseo Kim
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Huang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lily Quinn
- Haileybury School, Hertford SG13 7NU, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pia Ganske
- Haileybury School, Hertford SG13 7NU, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Braniff
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Melanie Fong
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Lucy Gutman
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Danny Irvine
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Sahil Malholtra
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jillian Medina
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - John Park
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Alicia Yin
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Breanna Barrett
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jacqueline Chen
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Rachelle Cho
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Mac Dilatush
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Gabriel Gaw
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Caitlin Gu
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jupiter Huang
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Houston Kilby
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Ethan Markel
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Katie McClure
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - William Phillips
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Benjamin Polaski
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Amelia Roselli
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Soleil Saint-Cyr
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Ellie Shin
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Kylan Tatum
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Tai Tumpunyawat
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Lucia Wetherill
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Sara Ptaszynska
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Maddie Zeleznik
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Anna Nolan
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tao
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Divya Sammeta
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Laney Nicholson
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Giao Vu Dinh
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Merrin Foltz
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - An Vo
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Maggie Ross
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Andrew Tokarski
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Samika Hariharan
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Elaine Wang
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Martha Baziuk
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Ashley Tay
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Jax Floyd
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Aileen Cui
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Kieran Pierre
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Nikita Coppisetti
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Matthew Kutam
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Dhruv Khurjekar
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Anthony Gadzi
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Ben Gubbay
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Sophia Pedretti
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Sofiya Belovich
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Tiffany Yeung
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Mercy Fey
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Layla Shaffer
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Arthur Li
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Kyle Huyghue
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Greg Foster
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Quinn Thierfelder
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Holly Kiernan
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Andrew Lenkowsky
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Tesia Thomas
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Nicole Cheng
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Olivia Chao
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Pia L’Etoile-Goga
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Alexa King
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Paris McKinley
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Nicole Read
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - David Milberg
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Leila Lin
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Melinda Wong
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Io Gilman
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Samantha Brown
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Lila Chen
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Jordyn Kosai
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Mark Verbinsky
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Honon Lee
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Cathy Zhou
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Maya Lobo
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Asia Tse
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Kyle Tran
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Kira Lewis
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Pratmesh Sonawane
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Jonathan Ngo
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Sophia Zuzga
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Lillian Chow
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Vianne Huynh
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Wenyi Yang
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Samantha Lim
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Brandon Stites
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Shannon Chang
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Michaela Pelta
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Stella Kujawski
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Christopher Yuan
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Oliver Witt
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Karina Anders
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Audrey Duane
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Nancy Huynh
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Benjamin Lester
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Samantha Fung-Lee
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Melanie Fung
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Mandy Situ
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Paolo Canigiula
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Matijs Dijkgraaf
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Wilbert Romero
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Kimberly Wong
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Ivana Xu
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | | | - Reena Nuygen
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | - Lucy Norris
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | - Noah Nijensohn
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | - Naomi Altman
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | - Elise Maajid
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alex Gopal
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Aaron Good
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Jonah Good
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | | | - Sophia Liem
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Anila Marks
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | - Audrey Lee
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Collin Mohr
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | - Emma Patton
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nathan Good
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | - Adeeb Khan
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | | | - Natasha Sun
- Albuquerque Academy, Albuquerque, NM 87109, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bryan Zumba
- Pritzker College Prep, Chicago, IL 60639, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jake Bradford
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Khushi Singh
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Emily Sramaty
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | - Brian Wells
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | | | - Melissa Dowling
- Latin School of Chicago, 59 W North Blvd, Chicago, IL 60610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cory Cain
- Pritzker College Prep, Chicago, IL 60639, USA
| | - Melody Lee
- Harvard-Westlake School, Los Angeles, CA 90077, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Leslie Barr
- Westtown School, West Chester, PA 19382, USA
| | - Cory J Evans
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
| | | | - Andrea Beatty
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | | | - Robert Smullen
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | - Jeanne Suttie
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Fox
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Anjana Amirapu
- Lowell High School, 1101 Eucalyptus Dr, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicole Lantz
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lutz Kockel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Wang G, Chiou J, Zeng C, Miller M, Matta I, Han JY, Kadakia N, Okino ML, Beebe E, Mallick M, Camunas-Soler J, Dos Santos T, Dai XQ, Ellis C, Hang Y, Kim SK, MacDonald PE, Kandeel FR, Preissl S, Gaulton KJ, Sander M. Integrating genetics with single-cell multiomic measurements across disease states identifies mechanisms of beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet 2023; 55:984-994. [PMID: 37231096 PMCID: PMC10550816 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01397-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional pancreatic islet beta cells are a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms, including gene dysregulation, is lacking. Here we integrate information from measurements of chromatin accessibility, gene expression and function in single beta cells with genetic association data to nominate disease-causal gene regulatory changes in T2D. Using machine learning on chromatin accessibility data from 34 nondiabetic, pre-T2D and T2D donors, we identify two transcriptionally and functionally distinct beta cell subtypes that undergo an abundance shift during T2D progression. Subtype-defining accessible chromatin is enriched for T2D risk variants, suggesting a causal contribution of subtype identity to T2D. Both beta cell subtypes exhibit activation of a stress-response transcriptional program and functional impairment in T2D, which is probably induced by the T2D-associated metabolic environment. Our findings demonstrate the power of multimodal single-cell measurements combined with machine learning for characterizing mechanisms of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biomedical Graduate Studies Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ileana Matta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jee Yun Han
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nikita Kadakia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mei-Lin Okino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elisha Beebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Medhavi Mallick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Theodore Dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cara Ellis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Mello SS, Flowers BM, Mazur PK, Lee JJ, Müller F, Denny SK, Ferreira S, Hanson K, Kim SK, Greenleaf WJ, Wood LD, Attardi LD. Multifaceted role for p53 in pancreatic cancer suppression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211937120. [PMID: 36848578 PMCID: PMC10013849 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211937120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) harbor TP53 mutations, underscoring p53's critical role in PDAC suppression. PDAC can arise when pancreatic acinar cells undergo acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), giving rise to premalignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs), which finally progress to PDAC. The occurrence of TP53 mutations in late-stage PanINs has led to the idea that p53 acts to suppress malignant transformation of PanINs to PDAC. However, the cellular basis for p53 action during PDAC development has not been explored in detail. Here, we leverage a hyperactive p53 variant-p5353,54-which we previously showed is a more robust PDAC suppressor than wild-type p53, to elucidate how p53 acts at the cellular level to dampen PDAC development. Using both inflammation-induced and KRASG12D-driven PDAC models, we find that p5353,54 both limits ADM accumulation and suppresses PanIN cell proliferation and does so more effectively than wild-type p53. Moreover, p5353,54 suppresses KRAS signaling in PanINs and limits effects on the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. While p5353,54 has highlighted these functions, we find that pancreata in wild-type p53 mice similarly show less ADM, as well as reduced PanIN cell proliferation, KRAS signaling, and ECM remodeling relative to Trp53-null mice. We find further that p53 enhances chromatin accessibility at sites controlled by acinar cell identity transcription factors. These findings reveal that p53 acts at multiple stages to suppress PDAC, both by limiting metaplastic transformation of acini and by dampening KRAS signaling in PanINs, thus providing key new understanding of p53 function in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephano S. Mello
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY14642
| | - Brittany M. Flowers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Pawel K. Mazur
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX77030
| | - James J. Lee
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA94080
| | - Fabian Müller
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Integrative Cellular Biology and Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sarah K. Denny
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Sofia Ferreira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Kathryn Hanson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - William J. Greenleaf
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Laura D. Wood
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD21287
| | - Laura D. Attardi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
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11
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Wu X, Chen PI, Pathak S, Whitener RL, Nguyen V, Iliopolou BP, Mangayan KR, Jensen KP, Kim SK, Meyer EH. CD39 Delineates Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Regulatory Cell Populations with Different Cytotoxic and Immunoregulatory Potential Against Monocytes and Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells. Transplant Cell Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-6367(23)00308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Wang G, Chiou J, Zeng C, Miller M, Matta I, Han JY, Kadakia N, Okino ML, Beebe E, Mallick M, Camunas-Soler J, dos Santos T, Dai XQ, Ellis C, Hang Y, Kim SK, MacDonald PE, Kandeel FR, Preissl S, Gaulton KJ, Sander M. Integration of single-cell multiomic measurements across disease states with genetics identifies mechanisms of beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. bioRxiv 2023:2022.12.31.522386. [PMID: 36711922 PMCID: PMC9881862 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.31.522386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Altered function and gene regulation of pancreatic islet beta cells is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms driving T2D is still missing. Here we integrate information from measurements of chromatin activity, gene expression and function in single beta cells with genetic association data to identify disease-causal gene regulatory changes in T2D. Using machine learning on chromatin accessibility data from 34 non-diabetic, pre-T2D and T2D donors, we robustly identify two transcriptionally and functionally distinct beta cell subtypes that undergo an abundance shift in T2D. Subtype-defining active chromatin is enriched for T2D risk variants, suggesting a causal contribution of subtype identity to T2D. Both subtypes exhibit activation of a stress-response transcriptional program and functional impairment in T2D, which is likely induced by the T2D-associated metabolic environment. Our findings demonstrate the power of multimodal single-cell measurements combined with machine learning for identifying mechanisms of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Biomedical Graduate Studies Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Ileana Matta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Jee Yun Han
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Nikita Kadakia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Mei-Lin Okino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Elisha Beebe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Medhavi Mallick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | | | - Theodore dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cara Ellis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fouad R. Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA, USA
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Kim JI, Kim SK, Kim KE, Kim YR, Kim EJ, An BK. Effects of Lupin Kernel (Lupinus angustifolius) and Faba Bean (Vicia faba) on Growth Performance and Hepatic Fatty Acid Profiles in Broiler Chicks. Braz J Poult Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JI Kim
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - SK Kim
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - KE Kim
- Nonghyup Feed, Republic of Korea
| | - YR Kim
- Yonam College, Republic of Korea
| | - EJ Kim
- Yonam College, Republic of Korea
| | - BK An
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
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14
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Rottner AK, Ye Y, Navarro-Guerrero E, Rajesh V, Pollner A, Bevacqua RJ, Yang J, Spigelman AF, Baronio R, Bautista A, Thomsen SK, Lyon J, Nawaz S, Smith N, Wesolowska-Andersen A, Fox JEM, Sun H, Kim SK, Ebner D, MacDonald PE, Gloyn AL. A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies CALCOCO2 as a regulator of beta cell function influencing type 2 diabetes risk. Nat Genet 2023; 55:54-65. [PMID: 36543916 PMCID: PMC9839450 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the genes and processes mediating genetic association signals for complex diseases represents a major challenge. As many of the genetic signals for type 2 diabetes (T2D) exert their effects through pancreatic islet-cell dysfunction, we performed a genome-wide pooled CRISPR loss-of-function screen in a human pancreatic beta cell line. We assessed the regulation of insulin content as a disease-relevant readout of beta cell function and identified 580 genes influencing this phenotype. Integration with genetic and genomic data provided experimental support for 20 candidate T2D effector transcripts including the autophagy receptor CALCOCO2. Loss of CALCOCO2 was associated with distorted mitochondria, less proinsulin-containing immature granules and accumulation of autophagosomes upon inhibition of late-stage autophagy. Carriers of T2D-associated variants at the CALCOCO2 locus further displayed altered insulin secretion. Our study highlights how cellular screens can augment existing multi-omic efforts to support mechanistic understanding and provide evidence for causal effects at genome-wide association studies loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje K Rottner
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yingying Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elena Navarro-Guerrero
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Varsha Rajesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alina Pollner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Centre, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aliya F Spigelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roberta Baronio
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Austin Bautista
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Soren K Thomsen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Lyon
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sameena Nawaz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nancy Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Jocelyn E Manning Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Centre, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Ebner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Diabetes Research Centre, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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15
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Marquez-Curtis LA, Dai XQ, Hang Y, Lam JY, Lyon J, Manning Fox JE, Mcgann LE, Macdonald PE, Kim SK, Elliott JA. Cryopreservation and post-thaw characterization of dissociated human islet cells. Cryobiology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.11.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Chang CA, Bhagchandani P, Poyser J, Velasco BJ, Zhao W, Kwon HS, Meyer E, Shizuru JA, Kim SK. Curative islet and hematopoietic cell transplantation in diabetic mice without toxic bone marrow conditioning. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111615. [PMID: 36351397 PMCID: PMC9922474 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed hematopoietic chimerism can promote immune tolerance of donor-matched transplanted tissues, like pancreatic islets. However, adoption of this strategy is limited by the toxicity of standard treatments that enable donor hematopoietic cell engraftment. Here, we address these concerns with a non-myeloablative conditioning regimen that enables hematopoietic chimerism and allograft tolerance across fully mismatched major histocompatibility complex (MHC) barriers. Treatment with an αCD117 antibody, targeting c-Kit, administered with T cell-depleting antibodies and low-dose radiation permits durable multi-lineage chimerism in immunocompetent mice following hematopoietic cell transplant. In diabetic mice, co-transplantation of donor-matched islets and hematopoietic cells durably corrects diabetes without chronic immunosuppression and no appreciable evidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Donor-derived thymic antigen-presenting cells and host-derived peripheral regulatory T cells are likely mediators of allotolerance. These findings provide the foundation for safer bone marrow conditioning and cell transplantation regimens to establish hematopoietic chimerism and islet allograft tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Preksha Bhagchandani
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jessica Poyser
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brenda J Velasco
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hye-Sook Kwon
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Everett Meyer
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Judith A Shizuru
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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17
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Lee HK, Yang YS, Kim SK, Vongxay V, Lee YM. Early adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health literacy in Lao PDR. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sexual and reproductive health literacy (SRHL) refers to the ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply information for decision-making related to sexual and reproductive health. The low level of SRHL in adolescents increases their sexually risky behaviors and endangers sexual health. Although early adolescence is a critical development period for forming initial views on sexuality and is often a time for attempting risky behaviors, studies on SRHL for early adolescents are fairly limited in Las PDR. As an initial step for the development of a global health project between Lao PDR and South Korea, this study assessed the level of SRHL and the differences in gender among early adolescents in Lao PDR.
Methods
Participants were 235 students conveniently recruited from one junior high school each in two provinces in Lao PDR. SRHL was measured using the 39-item Teen Pregnancy Health Literacy scale consisting of 4 subscales of finding, understanding, appraisal, and application. The scores were classified into inadequate, problematic, sufficient, and excellent using the SRHL index formula. The mean differences in gender were compared using t-test.
Results
The mean of the SRHL scores of the participants was 19.07 (±10.57). The mean score was significantly lower for girls, at 17.67 (±11.22) than for boys, at 21.37 (±9.05) (p = .006). Significant differences were further identified in all four sub-domains of SRHL: finding (p = .025), understanding (p = .005), appraisal (p = .041), and application (p = .029). The majority of participants (91.7%) were categorized as having an ‘inadequate’ or ‘problematic’ level of SRHL.
Conclusions
The level of SRHL among most early adolescents was found to be inadequate. The level of SRHL among girls was much lower than that among boys. The findings suggest a gender-specific approach to developing health education programs to improve SRHL among early adolescents and prevent future sexually risky behaviors in Lao PDR.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- HK Lee
- Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul , South Korea
| | - YS Yang
- Regional Office, Korea International Cooperation Agency , Vientiane, Laos
| | - SK Kim
- Nursing, Soonchunhyang, Cheonan , South Korea
| | - V Vongxay
- Public Health, University of Health Sciences , Vientiane, Laos
| | - YM Lee
- Nursing, DePaul University , Chicago, USA
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18
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Kwak JS, Lee Y, Yang J, Kim SK, Shin Y, Kim HJ, Choi JH, Im YJ, Kim MJ, Lee Yu K, Chang You J, Chun JS. Characterization of rhodanine derivatives as potential disease-modifying drugs for experimental mouse osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1210-1221. [PMID: 35513246 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to characterize selected rhodanine derivatives as potential preclinical disease-modifying drugs for experimental osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. METHODS Three rhodanine derivatives, designated rhodanine (R)-501, R-502, and R-503, were selected as candidate OA disease-modifying drugs. Their effects were evaluated by intra-articular (IA) injection in OA mouse models induced by DMM (destabilization of the medial meniscus) or adenoviral overexpression in joint tissues of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α or zinc importer ZIP8. The regulatory mechanisms impacted by the rhodanine derivatives were examined in primary-culture chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). RESULTS All three rhodanine derivatives inhibited OA development caused by DMM or overexpression of HIF-2α or ZIP8. Compared to vehicle-treated group, for example, IA injection of R-501 in DMM-operated mice reduced median OARSI grade from 3.78 (IQR 3.00-5.00) to 1.89 (IQR 0.94-2.00, P = 0.0001). R-502 and R-503 also reduced from 3.67 (IQR 2.11-4.56) to 2.00 (IQR 1.00-2.00, P = 0.0030) and 2.00 (IQR 1.83-2.67, P = 0.0378), respectively. Mechanistically, the rhodanine derivatives inhibited the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of HIF-2α in chondrocytes and FLS. They did not bind to Zn2+ or modulate Zn2+ homeostasis in chondrocytes or FLS; instead, they inhibited the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of the Zn2+-dependent transcription factor, MTF1. HIF-2α, ZIP8, and interleukin-1β could upregulate matrix-degrading enzymes in chondrocytes and FLS, and the rhodanine derivatives inhibited these effects. CONCLUSION IA administration of rhodanine derivatives significantly reduced OA pathogenesis in various mouse models, demonstrating that these derivatives have disease-modifying therapeutic potential against OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-S Kwak
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Lee
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - J Yang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Shin
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Im
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - M-J Kim
- Avixgen Inc., Seoul, 06649, Republic of Korea
| | - K Lee Yu
- National Research Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - J Chang You
- Avixgen Inc., Seoul, 06649, Republic of Korea; National Research Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - J-S Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Duvall E, Benitez CM, Tellez K, Enge M, Pauerstein PT, Li L, Baek S, Quake SR, Smith JP, Sheffield NC, Kim SK, Arda HE. Single-cell transcriptome and accessible chromatin dynamics during endocrine pancreas development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201267119. [PMID: 35733248 PMCID: PMC9245718 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Delineating gene regulatory networks that orchestrate cell-type specification is a continuing challenge for developmental biologists. Single-cell analyses offer opportunities to address these challenges and accelerate discovery of rare cell lineage relationships and mechanisms underlying hierarchical lineage decisions. Here, we describe the molecular analysis of mouse pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation using single-cell transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility assays coupled to genetic labeling, and cytometry-based cell purification. We uncover transcription factor networks that delineate β-, α-, and δ-cell lineages. Through genomic footprint analysis, we identify transcription factor-regulatory DNA interactions governing pancreatic cell development at unprecedented resolution. Our analysis suggests that the transcription factor Neurog3 may act as a pioneer transcription factor to specify the pancreatic endocrine lineage. These findings could improve protocols to generate replacement endocrine cells from renewable sources, like stem cells, for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Duvall
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cecil M. Benitez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Krissie Tellez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Martin Enge
- Department of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Philip T. Pauerstein
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Songjoon Baek
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Stephen R. Quake
- Department of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jason P. Smith
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Nathan C. Sheffield
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - H. Efsun Arda
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892
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20
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Bhagchandani P, Chang CA, Zhao W, Ghila L, Herrera PL, Chera S, Kim SK. Islet cell replacement and transplantation immunology in a mouse strain with inducible diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9033. [PMID: 35641781 PMCID: PMC9156753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved models of experimental diabetes are needed to develop cell therapies for diabetes. Here, we introduce the B6 RIP-DTR mouse, a model of experimental diabetes in fully immunocompetent animals. These inbred mice harbor the H2b major histocompatibility complex (MHC), selectively express high affinity human diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) in islet β-cells, and are homozygous for the Ptprca (CD45.1) allele rather than wild-type Ptprcb (CD45.2). 100% of B6 RIP-DTR mice rapidly became diabetic after a single dose of diphtheria toxin, and this was reversed indefinitely after transplantation with islets from congenic C57BL/6 mice. By contrast, MHC-mismatched islets were rapidly rejected, and this allotransplant response was readily monitored via blood glucose and graft histology. In peripheral blood of B6 RIP-DTR with mixed hematopoietic chimerism, CD45.2 BALB/c donor blood immune cells were readily distinguished from host CD45.1 cells by flow cytometry. Reliable diabetes induction and other properties in B6 RIP-DTR mice provide an important new tool to advance transplant-based studies of islet replacement and immunomodulation to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preksha Bhagchandani
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Charles A Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Luiza Ghila
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pedro L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Chera
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Medicine (Endocrinology Division), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology Division), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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21
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Jones RC, Karkanias J, Krasnow MA, Pisco AO, Quake SR, Salzman J, Yosef N, Bulthaup B, Brown P, Harper W, Hemenez M, Ponnusamy R, Salehi A, Sanagavarapu BA, Spallino E, Aaron KA, Concepcion W, Gardner JM, Kelly B, Neidlinger N, Wang Z, Crasta S, Kolluru S, Morri M, Pisco AO, Tan SY, Travaglini KJ, Xu C, Alcántara-Hernández M, Almanzar N, Antony J, Beyersdorf B, Burhan D, Calcuttawala K, Carter MM, Chan CKF, Chang CA, Chang S, Colville A, Crasta S, Culver RN, Cvijović I, D'Amato G, Ezran C, Galdos FX, Gillich A, Goodyer WR, Hang Y, Hayashi A, Houshdaran S, Huang X, Irwin JC, Jang S, Juanico JV, Kershner AM, Kim S, Kiss B, Kolluru S, Kong W, Kumar ME, Kuo AH, Leylek R, Li B, Loeb GB, Lu WJ, Mantri S, Markovic M, McAlpine PL, de Morree A, Morri M, Mrouj K, Mukherjee S, Muser T, Neuhöfer P, Nguyen TD, Perez K, Phansalkar R, Pisco AO, Puluca N, Qi Z, Rao P, Raquer-McKay H, Schaum N, Scott B, Seddighzadeh B, Segal J, Sen S, Sikandar S, Spencer SP, Steffes LC, Subramaniam VR, Swarup A, Swift M, Travaglini KJ, Van Treuren W, Trimm E, Veizades S, Vijayakumar S, Vo KC, Vorperian SK, Wang W, Weinstein HNW, Winkler J, Wu TTH, Xie J, Yung AR, Zhang Y, Detweiler AM, Mekonen H, Neff NF, Sit RV, Tan M, Yan J, Bean GR, Charu V, Forgó E, Martin BA, Ozawa MG, Silva O, Tan SY, Toland A, Vemuri VNP, Afik S, Awayan K, Botvinnik OB, Byrne A, Chen M, Dehghannasiri R, Detweiler AM, Gayoso A, Granados AA, Li Q, Mahmoudabadi G, McGeever A, de Morree A, Olivieri JE, Park M, Pisco AO, Ravikumar N, Salzman J, Stanley G, Swift M, Tan M, Tan W, Tarashansky AJ, Vanheusden R, Vorperian SK, Wang P, Wang S, Xing G, Xu C, Yosef N, Alcántara-Hernández M, Antony J, Chan CKF, Chang CA, Colville A, Crasta S, Culver R, Dethlefsen L, Ezran C, Gillich A, Hang Y, Ho PY, Irwin JC, Jang S, Kershner AM, Kong W, Kumar ME, Kuo AH, Leylek R, Liu S, Loeb GB, Lu WJ, Maltzman JS, Metzger RJ, de Morree A, Neuhöfer P, Perez K, Phansalkar R, Qi Z, Rao P, Raquer-McKay H, Sasagawa K, Scott B, Sinha R, Song H, Spencer SP, Swarup A, Swift M, Travaglini KJ, Trimm E, Veizades S, Vijayakumar S, Wang B, Wang W, Winkler J, Xie J, Yung AR, Artandi SE, Beachy PA, Clarke MF, Giudice LC, Huang FW, Huang KC, Idoyaga J, Kim SK, Krasnow M, Kuo CS, Nguyen P, Quake SR, Rando TA, Red-Horse K, Reiter J, Relman DA, Sonnenburg JL, Wang B, Wu A, Wu SM, Wyss-Coray T. The Tabula Sapiens: A multiple-organ, single-cell transcriptomic atlas of humans. Science 2022; 376:eabl4896. [PMID: 35549404 PMCID: PMC9812260 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of cell types using single-cell transcriptome sequencing is revolutionizing cell biology and enabling new insights into the physiology of human organs. We created a human reference atlas comprising nearly 500,000 cells from 24 different tissues and organs, many from the same donor. This atlas enabled molecular characterization of more than 400 cell types, their distribution across tissues, and tissue-specific variation in gene expression. Using multiple tissues from a single donor enabled identification of the clonal distribution of T cells between tissues, identification of the tissue-specific mutation rate in B cells, and analysis of the cell cycle state and proliferative potential of shared cell types across tissues. Cell type-specific RNA splicing was discovered and analyzed across tissues within an individual.
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22
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Wendler F, Park S, Hill C, Galasso A, Chang KR, Awan I, Sudarikova Y, Bustamante-Sequeiros M, Liu S, Sung EYH, Aisa-Bonoko G, Kim SK, Baena-Lopez LA. A LexAop > UAS > QUAS trimeric plasmid to generate inducible and interconvertible Drosophila overexpression transgenes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3835. [PMID: 35264662 PMCID: PMC8907290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of three independent binary systems for conditional gene expression (Gal4/UAS; LexA/LexAop; QF/QUAS) has greatly expanded versatile genetic analyses in the Drosophila melanogaster; however, the experimental application of these tools is limited by the need to generate multiple collections of noninterchangeable transgenic fly strains for each inducible gene expression system. To address this practical limitation, we developed a modular vector that contains the regulatory elements from all three binary systems, enabling Gal4-, LexA- or QF-dependent expression of transgenes. Our methods also incorporate DNA elements that facilitate independent site-specific recombination and elimination of regulatory UAS, LexAop or QUAS modules with spatial and temporal control, thus offering unprecedented possibilities and logistical advantages for in vivo genetic modulation and efficient interconversion of overexpression transgenic fly lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Wendler
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Claire Hill
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Alessia Galasso
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathleen R Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Iman Awan
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Yulia Sudarikova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Sichen Liu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Ethan Y-H Sung
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Gabrielle Aisa-Bonoko
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Luis A Baena-Lopez
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
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23
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Chang KR, Tsao DD, Bennett C, Wang E, Floyd JF, Tay ASY, Greenwald E, Kim ES, Griffin C, Morse E, Chisholm T, Rankin AE, Baena-Lopez LA, Lantz N, Fox E, Kockel L, Kim SK, Park S. Transgenic Drosophila lines for LexA-dependent gene and growth regulation. G3 (Bethesda) 2022; 12:jkac018. [PMID: 35100369 PMCID: PMC8895989 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Conditional expression of short hairpin RNAs with binary genetic systems is an indispensable tool for studying gene function. Addressing mechanisms underlying cell-cell communication in vivo benefits from simultaneous use of 2 independent gene expression systems. To complement the abundance of existing Gal4/UAS-based resources in Drosophila, we and others have developed LexA/LexAop-based genetic tools. Here, we describe experimental and pedagogical advances that promote the efficient conversion of Drosophila Gal4 lines to LexA lines, and the generation of LexAop-short hairpin RNA lines to suppress gene function. We developed a CRISPR/Cas9-based knock-in system to replace Gal4 coding sequences with LexA, and a LexAop-based short hairpin RNA expression vector to achieve short hairpin RNA-mediated gene silencing. We demonstrate the use of these approaches to achieve targeted genetic loss-of-function in multiple tissues. We also detail our development of secondary school curricula that enable students to create transgenic flies, thereby magnifying the production of well-characterized LexA/LexAop lines for the scientific community. The genetic tools and teaching methods presented here provide LexA/LexAop resources that complement existing resources to study intercellular communication coordinating metazoan physiology and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Chang
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Deborah D Tsao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Celine Bennett
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elaine Wang
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Jax F Floyd
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Emily Greenwald
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ella S Kim
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole Lantz
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- The Lawrenceville School, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Lutz Kockel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Departments of Medicine and of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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24
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Li H, Janssens J, De Waegeneer M, Kolluru SS, Davie K, Gardeux V, Saelens W, David F, Brbić M, Spanier K, Leskovec J, McLaughlin CN, Xie Q, Jones RC, Brueckner K, Shim J, Tattikota SG, Schnorrer F, Rust K, Nystul TG, Carvalho-Santos Z, Ribeiro C, Pal S, Mahadevaraju S, Przytycka TM, Allen AM, Goodwin SF, Berry CW, Fuller MT, White-Cooper H, Matunis EL, DiNardo S, Galenza A, O’Brien LE, Dow JAT, Jasper H, Oliver B, Perrimon N, Deplancke B, Quake SR, Luo L, Aerts S, Agarwal D, Ahmed-Braimah Y, Arbeitman M, Ariss MM, Augsburger J, Ayush K, Baker CC, Banisch T, Birker K, Bodmer R, Bolival B, Brantley SE, Brill JA, Brown NC, Buehner NA, Cai XT, Cardoso-Figueiredo R, Casares F, Chang A, Clandinin TR, Crasta S, Desplan C, Detweiler AM, Dhakan DB, Donà E, Engert S, Floc'hlay S, George N, González-Segarra AJ, Groves AK, Gumbin S, Guo Y, Harris DE, Heifetz Y, Holtz SL, Horns F, Hudry B, Hung RJ, Jan YN, Jaszczak JS, Jefferis GSXE, Karkanias J, Karr TL, Katheder NS, Kezos J, Kim AA, Kim SK, Kockel L, Konstantinides N, Kornberg TB, Krause HM, Labott AT, Laturney M, Lehmann R, Leinwand S, Li J, Li JSS, Li K, Li K, Li L, Li T, Litovchenko M, Liu HH, Liu Y, Lu TC, Manning J, Mase A, Matera-Vatnick M, Matias NR, McDonough-Goldstein CE, McGeever A, McLachlan AD, Moreno-Roman P, Neff N, Neville M, Ngo S, Nielsen T, O'Brien CE, Osumi-Sutherland D, Özel MN, Papatheodorou I, Petkovic M, Pilgrim C, Pisco AO, Reisenman C, Sanders EN, Dos Santos G, Scott K, Sherlekar A, Shiu P, Sims D, Sit RV, Slaidina M, Smith HE, Sterne G, Su YH, Sutton D, Tamayo M, Tan M, Tastekin I, Treiber C, Vacek D, Vogler G, Waddell S, Wang W, Wilson RI, Wolfner MF, Wong YCE, Xie A, Xu J, Yamamoto S, Yan J, Yao Z, Yoda K, Zhu R, Zinzen RP. Fly Cell Atlas: A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the adult fruit fly. Science 2022; 375:eabk2432. [PMID: 35239393 PMCID: PMC8944923 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
For more than 100 years, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been one of the most studied model organisms. Here, we present a single-cell atlas of the adult fly, Tabula Drosophilae, that includes 580,000 nuclei from 15 individually dissected sexed tissues as well as the entire head and body, annotated to >250 distinct cell types. We provide an in-depth analysis of cell type-related gene signatures and transcription factor markers, as well as sexual dimorphism, across the whole animal. Analysis of common cell types between tissues, such as blood and muscle cells, reveals rare cell types and tissue-specific subtypes. This atlas provides a valuable resource for the Drosophila community and serves as a reference to study genetic perturbations and disease models at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Li
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Huffington Center on Aging and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jasper Janssens
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Maxime De Waegeneer
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sai Saroja Kolluru
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA, and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Kristofer Davie
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Vincent Gardeux
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wouter Saelens
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice David
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maria Brbić
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Katina Spanier
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jure Leskovec
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Colleen N. McLaughlin
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Qijing Xie
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert C. Jones
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA, and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Katja Brueckner
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jiwon Shim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 04763
| | - Sudhir Gopal Tattikota
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Schnorrer
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM (UMR 7288), Turing Centre for Living systems, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Katja Rust
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany,Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Todd G. Nystul
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Zita Carvalho-Santos
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Ribeiro
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Soumitra Pal
- National Center of Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Sharvani Mahadevaraju
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney and Digestive Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Teresa M. Przytycka
- National Center of Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
| | - Aaron M. Allen
- Centre for Neural Circuits & Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield road, Oxford, OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Stephen F. Goodwin
- Centre for Neural Circuits & Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield road, Oxford, OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Cameron W. Berry
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Margaret T. Fuller
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Helen White-Cooper
- Molecular Biosciences Division, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX UK
| | - Erika L. Matunis
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stephen DiNardo
- Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, and The Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anthony Galenza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Lucy Erin O’Brien
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305, USA
| | - Julian A. T. Dow
- Institute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - FCA Consortium
- FCA Consortium: All authors listed before Acknowledgements, and all contributions and affiliations listed in the Supplementary Materials
| | - Heinrich Jasper
- Immunology Discovery, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Brian Oliver
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Kidney and Digestive Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA,corresponding authors: (N.P.), (B.D.), (S.R.Q.), (L.L.), (S.A.)
| | - Bart Deplancke
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland,corresponding authors: (N.P.), (B.D.), (S.R.Q.), (L.L.), (S.A.)
| | - Stephen R. Quake
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford CA USA, and Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA,corresponding authors: (N.P.), (B.D.), (S.R.Q.), (L.L.), (S.A.)
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,corresponding authors: (N.P.), (B.D.), (S.R.Q.), (L.L.), (S.A.)
| | - Stein Aerts
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium,corresponding authors: (N.P.), (B.D.), (S.R.Q.), (L.L.), (S.A.)
| | - Devika Agarwal
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | | | - Michelle Arbeitman
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Majd M Ariss
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan Augsburger
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kumar Ayush
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Catherine C Baker
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Torsten Banisch
- Skirball Institute and HHMI, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY 10016, USA
| | - Katja Birker
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rolf Bodmer
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Benjamin Bolival
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Susanna E Brantley
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julie A Brill
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Nora C Brown
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Norene A Buehner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Tracy Cai
- Immunology Discovery, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Rita Cardoso-Figueiredo
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Casares
- CABD (Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology), CSIC-UPO-JA, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Amy Chang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas R Clandinin
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sheela Crasta
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Claude Desplan
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | | | - Darshan B Dhakan
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Erika Donà
- Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Stefanie Engert
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Swann Floc'hlay
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Nancy George
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Amanda J González-Segarra
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrew K Groves
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samantha Gumbin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yanmeng Guo
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Devon E Harris
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yael Heifetz
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Stephen L Holtz
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Felix Horns
- Department of Bioengineering and Biophysics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bruno Hudry
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV, France
| | - Ruei-Jiun Hung
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuh Nung Jan
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob S Jaszczak
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy L Karr
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | | | - James Kezos
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anna A Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.,Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lutz Kockel
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nikolaos Konstantinides
- Institut Jacques Monod, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Thomas B Kornberg
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Henry M Krause
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Andrew Thomas Labott
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Meghan Laturney
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ruth Lehmann
- Skirball Institute, Department of Cell Biology and HHMI, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY 10016
| | - Sarah Leinwand
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jiefu Li
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joshua Shing Shun Li
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liying Li
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tun Li
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Litovchenko
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Han-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan Manning
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Anjeli Mase
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Neuza Reis Matias
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caitlin E McDonough-Goldstein
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Alex D McLachlan
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Paola Moreno-Roman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Norma Neff
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Megan Neville
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Sang Ngo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tanja Nielsen
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Caitlin E O'Brien
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David Osumi-Sutherland
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL/EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Irene Papatheodorou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Maja Petkovic
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Clare Pilgrim
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | | | - Carolina Reisenman
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erin Nicole Sanders
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gilberto Dos Santos
- The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Kristin Scott
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Aparna Sherlekar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Philip Shiu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David Sims
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rene V Sit
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Maija Slaidina
- Skirball Institute, Faculty of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016
| | - Harold E Smith
- Genomics Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabriella Sterne
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yu-Han Su
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel Sutton
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Marco Tamayo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Ibrahim Tastekin
- Behavior and Metabolism Laboratory, Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Christoph Treiber
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - David Vacek
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Georg Vogler
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Scott Waddell
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Wanpeng Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rachel I Wilson
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mariana F Wolfner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yiu-Cheung E Wong
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anthony Xie
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jia Yan
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Zepeng Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kazuki Yoda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruijun Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert P Zinzen
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Neural Tissue Differentiation, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrueck Centre for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 12, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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25
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Dai XQ, Camunas-Soler J, Briant LJB, Dos Santos T, Spigelman AF, Walker EM, Arrojo E Drigo R, Bautista A, Jones RC, Avrahami D, Lyon J, Nie A, Smith N, Zhang Y, Johnson J, Manning Fox JE, Michelakis ED, Light PE, Kaestner KH, Kim SK, Rorsman P, Stein RW, Quake SR, MacDonald PE. Heterogenous impairment of α cell function in type 2 diabetes is linked to cell maturation state. Cell Metab 2022; 34:256-268.e5. [PMID: 35108513 PMCID: PMC8852281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In diabetes, glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells is dysregulated. The underlying mechanisms, and whether dysfunction occurs uniformly among cells, remain unclear. We examined α cells from human donors and mice using electrophysiological, transcriptomic, and computational approaches. Rising glucose suppresses α cell exocytosis by reducing P/Q-type Ca2+ channel activity, and this is disrupted in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Upon high-fat feeding of mice, α cells shift toward a "β cell-like" electrophysiological profile in concert with indications of impaired identity. In human α cells we identified links between cell membrane properties and cell surface signaling receptors, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly, and cell maturation. Cell-type classification using machine learning of electrophysiology data demonstrated a heterogenous loss of "electrophysiologic identity" in α cells from donors with type 2 diabetes. Indeed, a subset of α cells with impaired exocytosis is defined by an enrichment in progenitor and lineage markers and upregulation of an immature transcriptomic phenotype, suggesting important links between α cell maturation state and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Joan Camunas-Soler
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA
| | - Linford J B Briant
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Theodore Dos Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Aliya F Spigelman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Emily M Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Rafael Arrojo E Drigo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Austin Bautista
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Robert C Jones
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dana Avrahami
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - James Lyon
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Aifang Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Nancy Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Yongneng Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Janyne Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Jocelyn E Manning Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | | | - Peter E Light
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Roland W Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada.
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26
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Marquez-Curtis LA, Dai XQ, Hang Y, Lam JY, Lyon J, Manning Fox JE, McGann LE, MacDonald PE, Kim SK, Elliott JAW. Cryopreservation and post-thaw characterization of dissociated human islet cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263005. [PMID: 35081145 PMCID: PMC8791532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to optimize the cryopreservation of dissociated islet cells and obtain functional cells that can be used in single-cell transcriptome studies on the pathology and treatment of diabetes. Using an iterative graded freezing approach we obtained viable cells after cooling in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and 6% hydroxyethyl starch at 1°C/min to -40°C, storage in liquid nitrogen, rapid thaw, and removal of cryoprotectants by serial dilution. The expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule declined immediately after thaw, but recovered after overnight incubation, while that of an endocrine cell marker (HPi2) remained high after cryopreservation. Patch-clamp electrophysiology revealed differences in channel activities and exocytosis of various islet cell types; however, exocytotic responses, and the biophysical properties of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels, are sustained after cryopreservation. Single-cell RNA sequencing indicates that overall transcriptome and crucial exocytosis genes are comparable between fresh and cryopreserved dispersed human islet cells. Thus, we report an optimized procedure for cryopreserving dispersed islet cells that maintained their membrane integrity, along with their molecular and functional phenotypes. Our findings will not only provide a ready source of cells for investigating cellular mechanisms in diabetes but also for bio-engineering pseudo-islets and islet sheets for modeling studies and potential transplant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A. Marquez-Curtis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Y. Lam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - James Lyon
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jocelyn E. Manning Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Locksley E. McGann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and the Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Janet A. W. Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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27
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Wu CT, Hilgendorf KI, Bevacqua RJ, Hang Y, Demeter J, Kim SK, Jackson PK. Discovery of ciliary G protein-coupled receptors regulating pancreatic islet insulin and glucagon secretion. Genes Dev 2021; 35:1243-1255. [PMID: 34385262 PMCID: PMC8415323 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348261.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in pancreatic islet cells, but the majority have unknown functions. We observed specific GPCRs localized to primary cilia, a prominent signaling organelle, in pancreatic α and β cells. Loss of cilia disrupts β-cell endocrine function, but the molecular drivers are unknown. Using functional expression, we identified multiple GPCRs localized to cilia in mouse and human islet α and β cells, including FFAR4, PTGER4, ADRB2, KISS1R, and P2RY14. Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) and prostaglandin E receptor 4 (PTGER4) agonists stimulate ciliary cAMP signaling and promote glucagon and insulin secretion by α- and β-cell lines and by mouse and human islets. Transport of GPCRs to primary cilia requires TULP3, whose knockdown in primary human and mouse islets relocalized ciliary FFAR4 and PTGER4 and impaired regulated glucagon or insulin secretion, without affecting ciliary structure. Our findings provide index evidence that regulated hormone secretion by islet α and β cells is controlled by ciliary GPCRs providing new targets for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ting Wu
- Baxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Keren I Hilgendorf
- Baxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Janos Demeter
- Baxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Peter K Jackson
- Baxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Kaestner KH, Campbell-Thompson M, Dor Y, Gill RG, Glaser B, Kim SK, Sander M, Stabler C, Stewart AF, Powers AC. What is a β cell? - Chapter I in the Human Islet Research Network (HIRN) review series. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101323. [PMID: 34416394 PMCID: PMC8452767 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pancreatic β cell, as the sole source of the vital hormone insulin, has been under intensive study for more than a century. Given the potential of newly created insulin-producing cells as a treatment or even cure of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and possibly in severe cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D), multiple academic and commercial laboratories are working to derive surrogate glucose-responsive, insulin-producing cells. Scope of Review The recent development of advanced phenotyping technologies, including molecular, epigenomic, histological, or functional, have greatly improved our understanding of the critical properties of human β cells. Using this information, here we summarize the salient features of normal, fully functional adult human β cells, and propose minimal criteria for what should rightfully be termed ‘β cells’ as opposed to insulin-producing but not fully-functional surrogates that we propose should be referred to as ‘β-like’ cells or insulin-producing cells. Major Conclusions Clear criteria can be established to differentiate fully functional, mature β cells from ‘β-like’ surrogates. In addition, we outline important knowledge gaps that must be addressed to enable a greater understanding of the β cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus H Kaestner
- Insitute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism and Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Martha Campbell-Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yuval Dor
- The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Ronald G Gill
- Departments of Surgery and Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University, Israel
| | - Seung K Kim
- Departments of Developmental Biology and of Medicine (Endocrinology Division), and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Cherie Stabler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and UF Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
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29
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Kim SK, Tsao DD, Suh GSB, Miguel-Aliaga I. Discovering signaling mechanisms governing metabolism and metabolic diseases with Drosophila. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1279-1292. [PMID: 34139200 PMCID: PMC8612010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There has been rapid growth in the use of Drosophila and other invertebrate systems to dissect mechanisms governing metabolism. New assays and approaches to physiology have aligned with superlative genetic tools in fruit flies to provide a powerful platform for posing new questions, or dissecting classical problems in metabolism and disease genetics. In multiple examples, these discoveries exploit experimental advantages as-yet unavailable in mammalian systems. Here, we illustrate how fly studies have addressed long-standing questions in three broad areas-inter-organ signaling through hormonal or neural mechanisms governing metabolism, intestinal interoception and feeding, and the cellular and signaling basis of sexually dimorphic metabolism and physiology-and how these findings relate to human (patho)physiology. The imaginative application of integrative physiology and related approaches in flies to questions in metabolism is expanding, and will be an engine of discovery, revealing paradigmatic features of metabolism underlying human diseases and physiological equipoise in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Deborah D Tsao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Greg S B Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
| | - Irene Miguel-Aliaga
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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30
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Menon DP, Qi G, Kim SK, Moss ME, Penumatsa KC, Warburton RR, Toksoz D, Wilson J, Hill NS, Jaffe IZ, Preston IR. Vascular cell-specific roles of mineralocorticoid receptors in pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:20458940211025240. [PMID: 34211700 PMCID: PMC8216367 DOI: 10.1177/20458940211025240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities that characterize pulmonary arterial hypertension include impairment in the structure and function of pulmonary vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Aldosterone levels are elevated in human pulmonary arterial hypertension and in experimental pulmonary hypertension, while inhibition of the aldosterone-binding mineralocorticoid receptor attenuates pulmonary hypertension in multiple animal models. We explored the role of mineralocorticoid receptor in endothelial and smooth muscle cells in using cell-specific mineralocorticoid receptor knockout mice exposed to sugen/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Treatment with the mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitor spironolactone significantly reduced right ventricular systolic pressure. However, this is not reproduced by selective mineralocorticoid receptor deletion in smooth muscle cells or endothelial cells. Similarly, spironolactone attenuated the increase in right ventricular cardiomyocyte area independent of vascular mineralocorticoid receptor with no effect on right ventricular weight or interstitial fibrosis. Right ventricular perivascular fibrosis was significantly decreased by spironolactone and this was reproduced by specific deletion of mineralocorticoid receptor from endothelial cells. Endothelial cell-mineralocorticoid receptor deletion attenuated the sugen/hypoxia-induced increase in the leukocyte-adhesion molecule, E-selectin, and collagen IIIA1 in the right ventricle. Spironolactone also significantly reduced pulmonary arteriolar muscularization, independent of endothelial cell-mineralocorticoid receptor or smooth muscle cell-mineralocorticoid receptor. Finally, the degree of pulmonary perivascular inflammation was attenuated by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism and was fully reproduced by smooth muscle cell-specific mineralocorticoid receptor deletion. These studies demonstrate that in the sugen/hypoxia pulmonary hypertension model, systemic-mineralocorticoid receptor blockade significantly attenuates the disease and that mineralocorticoid receptor has cell-specific effects, with endothelial cell-mineralocorticoid receptor contributing to right ventricular perivascular fibrosis and smooth muscle cell-mineralocorticoid receptor participating in pulmonary vascular inflammation. As mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are being investigated to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension, these findings support novel mechanisms and potential mineralocorticoid receptor targets that mediate therapeutic benefits in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya P. Menon
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guanming Qi
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seung K. Kim
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Sports Science, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Elizabeth Moss
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krishna C. Penumatsa
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rod R. Warburton
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deniz Toksoz
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamie Wilson
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas S. Hill
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iris Z. Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ioana R. Preston
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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Moon JH, Kim H, Kim H, Park J, Choi W, Choi W, Hong HJ, Ro HJ, Jun S, Choi SH, Banerjee RR, Shong M, Cho NH, Kim SK, German MS, Jang HC, Kim H. Lactation improves pancreatic β cell mass and function through serotonin production. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/541/eaay0455. [PMID: 32350130 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy imposes a substantial metabolic burden on women through weight gain and insulin resistance. Lactation reduces the risk of maternal postpartum diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying this benefit are unknown. Here, we identified long-term beneficial effects of lactation on β cell function, which last for years after the cessation of lactation. We analyzed metabolic phenotypes including β cell characteristics in lactating and non-lactating humans and mice. Lactating and non-lactating women showed comparable glucose tolerance at 2 months after delivery, but after a mean of 3.6 years, glucose tolerance in lactated women had improved compared to non-lactated women. In humans, the disposition index, a measure of insulin secretory function of β cells considering the degree of insulin sensitivity, was higher in lactated women at 3.6 years after delivery. In mice, lactation improved glucose tolerance and increased β cell mass at 3 weeks after delivery. Amelioration of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were maintained up to 4 months after delivery in lactated mice. During lactation, prolactin induced serotonin production in β cells. Secreted serotonin stimulated β cell proliferation through serotonin receptor 2B in an autocrine and paracrine manner. In addition, intracellular serotonin acted as an antioxidant to mitigate oxidative stress and improved β cell survival. Together, our results suggest that serotonin mediates the long-term beneficial effects of lactation on female metabolic health by increasing β cell proliferation and reducing oxidative stress in β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Moon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jungsun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wonsuk Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wongun Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Hong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Ro
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.,Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Sangmi Jun
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea.,Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ronadip R Banerjee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Nam Han Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael S German
- Diabetes Center, Hormone Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
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32
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Kim SK, Park MW, Min C, Park IS, Park B, Byun SH, Choi HG, Hong SJ. Increased risk of chronic otitis media in chronic rhinosinusitis patients: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort. Rhinology 2021; 59:292-300. [PMID: 33315021 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic otitis media (COM) share pathophysiological mechanisms such as bacterial infection, biofilm, and persistence of the obstruction state of ventilation routes. However, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between these two diseases nationwide and in the general population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the incidence of COM in patients with CRS differed from that of a matched control from the national health screening cohort. METHODS Data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Samples were collected from 2002 to 2015. Participants who were treated ≥ ≥ ≥2 times and underwent head and neck computed tomography evaluation were selected. A 1:4 matched CRS group (n=8,057) and a control group (n=32,228) were selected. The control group included participants who were never treated with the ICD-10 code J32 from 2002 to 2015. The CRS group included CRS patients with/without nasal polyps. RESULTS The incidence of COM was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. In a subgroup analysis, the incidence of COM in all age groups and in men and women was significantly higher in the CRS group than in the control group. More, CRS increased the risk of COM. CONCLUSIONS A significant association was observed between CRS and COM. This indicates that CRS patients have a high risk of developing COM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- epartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
| | - M-W Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea; Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - I-S Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
| | - B Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - S-H Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - H G Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Dongtan, Korea
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33
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Yi SW, Kim YM, Won YJ, Kim SK, Kim SH. Association between body mass index and the risk of falls: a nationwide population-based study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1071-1078. [PMID: 33411009 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The association of BMI with falls differed between men and women in Korea. Obesity was associated with a greater risk of falls in women, whereas underweight seemed to increase the risk of falls compared with normal weight in men. PURPOSE This study examined the sex-specific association between body mass index (BMI) and falls in Korean adults using data from a large population-based survey. METHODS We analyzed 113,805 men and women (age ≥ 50 years) who participated in the Korean Community Health Survey in 2013. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between BMI and falls. RESULTS The mean (± standard deviation) age and BMI of all participants were 63.8 ± 9.6 years and 23.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2, respectively. Among the 113,805 subjects, 19.1% and 6.7% had histories of falls and recurrent falls, respectively. The association of BMI with recurrent falls differed between men and women. The multivariable-adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for recurrent falls were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86-1.12), 1.23 (1.14-1.32), and 1.51 (1.26-1.81) in women with BMIs of < 18.5, 25-29.9, and ≥ 30 kg/m2, respectively, relative to those with BMIs of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2. The corresponding ORs for men were 1.20 (95% CI 1.01-1.42), 1.05 (0.96-1.14), and 0.97 (0.69-1.38), respectively. Older age and low economic level were associated independently with higher ORs of recurrent falls in men and women, respectively. In addition, comorbidities, including diabetes, stroke, arthritis, osteoporosis, and asthma, correlated significantly with an increased risk of recurrent falls (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Obesity was associated with a greater risk of recurrent falls in women, whereas underweight seemed to be associated with a greater risk of falls in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-W Yi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Y M Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Simgokro 100Gil 25, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, South Korea
| | - Y J Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Simgokro 100Gil 25, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, South Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cha University College of Medicine, Yatapro 59, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Simgokro 100Gil 25, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22711, South Korea.
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Friedlander MSH, Nguyen VM, Kim SK, Bevacqua RJ. Pancreatic Pseudoislets: An Organoid Archetype for Metabolism Research. Diabetes 2021; 70:1051-1060. [PMID: 33947722 PMCID: PMC8343609 DOI: 10.2337/db20-1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic islets are vital endocrine regulators of systemic metabolism, and recent investigations have increasingly focused on understanding human islet biology. Studies of isolated human islets have advanced understanding of the development, function, and regulation of cells comprising islets, especially pancreatic α- and β-cells. However, the multicellularity of the intact islet has stymied specific experimental approaches-particularly in genetics and cell signaling interrogation. This barrier has been circumvented by the observation that islet cells can survive dispersion and reaggregate to form "pseudoislets," organoids that retain crucial physiological functions, including regulated insulin and glucagon secretion. Recently, exciting advances in the use of pseudoislets for genetics, genomics, islet cell transplantation, and studies of intraislet signaling and islet cell interactions have been reported by investigators worldwide. Here we review molecular and cellular mechanisms thought to promote islet cell reaggregation, summarize methods that optimize pseudoislet development, and detail recent insights about human islet biology from genetic and transplantation-based pseudoislet experiments. Owing to robust, international programs for procuring primary human pancreata, pseudoislets should serve as both a durable paradigm for primary organoid studies and as an engine of discovery for islet biology, diabetes, and metabolism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie S H Friedlander
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Vy M Nguyen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Bevacqua RJ, Dai X, Lam JY, Gu X, Friedlander MSH, Tellez K, Miguel-Escalada I, Bonàs-Guarch S, Atla G, Zhao W, Kim SH, Dominguez AA, Qi LS, Ferrer J, MacDonald PE, Kim SK. CRISPR-based genome editing in primary human pancreatic islet cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2397. [PMID: 33893274 PMCID: PMC8065166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene targeting studies in primary human islets could advance our understanding of mechanisms driving diabetes pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrate successful genome editing in primary human islets using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9). CRISPR-based targeting efficiently mutated protein-coding exons, resulting in acute loss of islet β-cell regulators, like the transcription factor PDX1 and the KATP channel subunit KIR6.2, accompanied by impaired β-cell regulation and function. CRISPR targeting of non-coding DNA harboring type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk variants revealed changes in ABCC8, SIX2 and SIX3 expression, and impaired β-cell function, thereby linking regulatory elements in these target genes to T2D genetic susceptibility. Advances here establish a paradigm for genetic studies in human islet cells, and reveal regulatory and genetic mechanisms linking non-coding variants to human diabetes risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Dai
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jonathan Y Lam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mollie S H Friedlander
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Krissie Tellez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Irene Miguel-Escalada
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Bonàs-Guarch
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Goutham Atla
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Antonia A Dominguez
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chem-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Bioinformatics and Genomics Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Northern California JDRF Center of Excellence, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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36
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Tosti L, Hang Y, Debnath O, Tiesmeyer S, Trefzer T, Steiger K, Ten FW, Lukassen S, Ballke S, Kühl AA, Spieckermann S, Bottino R, Ishaque N, Weichert W, Kim SK, Eils R, Conrad C. Single-Nucleus and In Situ RNA-Sequencing Reveal Cell Topographies in the Human Pancreas. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:1330-1344.e11. [PMID: 33212097 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Molecular evidence of cellular heterogeneity in the human exocrine pancreas has not been yet established because of the local concentration and cascade of hydrolytic enzymes that can rapidly degrade cells and RNA upon pancreatic resection. We sought to better understand the heterogeneity and cellular composition of the pancreas in neonates and adults in healthy and diseased conditions using single-cell sequencing approaches. METHODS We innovated single-nucleus RNA-sequencing protocols and profiled more than 120,000 cells from pancreata of adult and neonatal human donors. We validated the single-nucleus findings using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, in situ sequencing, and computational approaches. RESULTS We created the first comprehensive atlas of human pancreas cells including epithelial and nonepithelial constituents, and uncovered 3 distinct acinar cell types, with possible implications for homeostatic and inflammatory processes of the pancreas. The comparison with neonatal single-nucleus sequencing data showed a different cellular composition of the endocrine tissue, highlighting the tissue dynamics occurring during development. By applying spatial cartography, involving cell proximity mapping through in situ sequencing, we found evidence of specific cell type neighborhoods, dynamic topographies in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas, and principles of morphologic organization of the organ. Furthermore, similar analyses in chronic pancreatitis biopsy samples showed the presence of acinar-REG+ cells, a reciprocal association between macrophages and activated stellate cells, and a new potential role of tuft cells in this disease. CONCLUSIONS Our human pancreas cell atlas can be interrogated to understand pancreatic cell biology and provides a crucial reference set for comparisons with diseased tissue samples to map the cellular foundations of pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tosti
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Olivia Debnath
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Tiesmeyer
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Trefzer
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Foo Wei Ten
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Lukassen
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Ballke
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Spieckermann
- iPATH.Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rita Bottino
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Naveed Ishaque
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Health Data Science Unit, Medical Faculty and BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christian Conrad
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Bevacqua RJ, Lam JY, Peiris H, Whitener RL, Kim S, Gu X, Friedlander MSH, Kim SK. SIX2 and SIX3 coordinately regulate functional maturity and fate of human pancreatic β cells. Genes Dev 2021; 35:234-249. [PMID: 33446570 PMCID: PMC7849364 DOI: 10.1101/gad.342378.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The physiological functions of many vital tissues and organs continue to mature after birth, but the genetic mechanisms governing this postnatal maturation remain an unsolved mystery. Human pancreatic β cells produce and secrete insulin in response to physiological cues like glucose, and these hallmark functions improve in the years after birth. This coincides with expression of the transcription factors SIX2 and SIX3, whose functions in native human β cells remain unknown. Here, we show that shRNA-mediated SIX2 or SIX3 suppression in human pancreatic adult islets impairs insulin secretion. However, transcriptome studies revealed that SIX2 and SIX3 regulate distinct targets. Loss of SIX2 markedly impaired expression of genes governing β-cell insulin processing and output, glucose sensing, and electrophysiology, while SIX3 loss led to inappropriate expression of genes normally expressed in fetal β cells, adult α cells, and other non-β cells. Chromatin accessibility studies identified genes directly regulated by SIX2. Moreover, β cells from diabetic humans with impaired insulin secretion also had reduced SIX2 transcript levels. Revealing how SIX2 and SIX3 govern functional maturation and maintain developmental fate in native human β cells should advance β-cell replacement and other therapeutic strategies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jonathan Y Lam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Heshan Peiris
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Robert L Whitener
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Seokho Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Mollie S H Friedlander
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Abstract
Little is known about regulated glucagon secretion by human islet α-cells compared to insulin secretion from β-cells, despite conclusive evidence of dysfunction in both cell types in diabetes mellitus. Distinct insulins in humans and mice permit in vivo studies of human β-cell regulation after human islet transplantation in immunocompromised mice, whereas identical glucagon sequences prevent analogous in vivo measures of glucagon output from human α-cells. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9 editing to remove glucagon codons 2-29 in immunocompromised NSG mice, preserving the production of other proglucagon-derived hormones. Glucagon knockout NSG (GKO-NSG) mice have metabolic, liver and pancreatic phenotypes associated with glucagon-signalling deficits that revert after transplantation of human islets from non-diabetic donors. Glucagon hypersecretion by transplanted islets from donors with type 2 diabetes revealed islet-intrinsic defects. We suggest that GKO-NSG mice provide an unprecedented resource to investigate human α-cell regulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krissie Tellez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charles A Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roland W Stein
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology Division), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Camunas-Soler J, Dai XQ, Hang Y, Bautista A, Lyon J, Suzuki K, Kim SK, Quake SR, MacDonald PE. Patch-Seq Links Single-Cell Transcriptomes to Human Islet Dysfunction in Diabetes. Cell Metab 2020; 31:1017-1031.e4. [PMID: 32302527 PMCID: PMC7398125 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Impaired function of pancreatic islet cells is a major cause of metabolic dysregulation and disease in humans. Despite this, it remains challenging to directly link physiological dysfunction in islet cells to precise changes in gene expression. Here we show that single-cell RNA sequencing combined with electrophysiological measurements of exocytosis and channel activity (patch-seq) can be used to link endocrine physiology and transcriptomes at the single-cell level. We collected 1,369 patch-seq cells from the pancreata of 34 human donors with and without diabetes. An analysis of function and gene expression networks identified a gene set associated with functional heterogeneity in β cells that can be used to predict electrophysiology. We also report transcriptional programs underlying dysfunction in type 2 diabetes and extend this approach to cryopreserved cells from donors with type 1 diabetes, generating a valuable resource for understanding islet cell heterogeneity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Camunas-Soler
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA
| | - Xiao-Qing Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Yan Hang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Austin Bautista
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - James Lyon
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Kunimasa Suzuki
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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DuPont JJ, Kenney RM, Kim SK, Baur W, Lu Q, Martin G, Pulakat L. Sex differences in the role of the vascular angiotensin II receptors in vascular aging. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seung K. Kim
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology
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Kim S, Whitener RL, Peiris H, Gu X, Chang CA, Lam JY, Camunas-Soler J, Park I, Bevacqua RJ, Tellez K, Quake SR, Lakey JRT, Bottino R, Ross PJ, Kim SK. Molecular and genetic regulation of pig pancreatic islet cell development. Development 2020; 147:dev186213. [PMID: 32108026 PMCID: PMC7132804 DOI: 10.1242/dev.186213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reliance on rodents for understanding pancreatic genetics, development and islet function could limit progress in developing interventions for human diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Similarities of pancreas morphology and function suggest that porcine and human pancreas developmental biology may have useful homologies. However, little is known about pig pancreas development. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated fetal and neonatal pig pancreas at multiple, crucial developmental stages using modern experimental approaches. Purification of islet β-, α- and δ-cells followed by transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) and immunohistology identified cell- and stage-specific regulation, and revealed that pig and human islet cells share characteristic features that are not observed in mice. Morphometric analysis also revealed endocrine cell allocation and architectural similarities between pig and human islets. Our analysis unveiled scores of signaling pathways linked to native islet β-cell functional maturation, including evidence of fetal α-cell GLP-1 production and signaling to β-cells. Thus, the findings and resources detailed here show how pig pancreatic islet studies complement other systems for understanding the developmental programs that generate functional islet cells, and that are relevant to human pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokho Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert L Whitener
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Heshan Peiris
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xueying Gu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Charles A Chang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jonathan Y Lam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joan Camunas-Soler
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Insung Park
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Romina J Bevacqua
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Krissie Tellez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94518, USA
| | - Jonathan R T Lakey
- Department of Surgery, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Rita Bottino
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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42
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Moon JH, Kim YG, Kim K, Osonoi S, Wang S, Saunders DC, Wang J, Yang K, Kim H, Lee J, Jeong JS, Banerjee RR, Kim SK, Wu Y, Mizukami H, Powers AC, German MS, Kim H. Serotonin Regulates Adult β-Cell Mass by Stimulating Perinatal β-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2020; 69:205-214. [PMID: 31806625 PMCID: PMC6971487 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A sufficient β-cell mass is crucial for preventing diabetes, and perinatal β-cell proliferation is important in determining the adult β-cell mass. However, it is not yet known how perinatal β-cell proliferation is regulated. Here, we report that serotonin regulates β-cell proliferation through serotonin receptor 2B (HTR2B) in an autocrine/paracrine manner during the perinatal period. In β-cell-specific Tph1 knockout (Tph1 βKO) mice, perinatal β-cell proliferation was reduced along with the loss of serotonin production in β-cells. Adult Tph1 βKO mice exhibited glucose intolerance with decreased β-cell mass. Disruption of Htr2b in β-cells also resulted in decreased perinatal β-cell proliferation and glucose intolerance in adulthood. Growth hormone (GH) was found to induce serotonin production in β-cells through activation of STAT5 during the perinatal period. Thus, our results indicate that GH-GH receptor-STAT5-serotonin-HTR2B signaling plays a critical role in determining the β-cell mass by regulating perinatal β-cell proliferation, and defects in this pathway affect metabolic phenotypes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Moon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeong Gi Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyuho Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sho Osonoi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Disease and National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Diane C Saunders
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Juehu Wang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Diabetes Center and Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Katherine Yang
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Diabetes Center and Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hyeongseok Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Seon Jeong
- Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Chemical and Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ronadip R Banerjee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Institute of Genome Engineered Animal Models for Human Disease and National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN
| | - Michael S German
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Diabetes Center and Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Ramaswamy RS, Tiwari T, Darcy MD, Kim SK, Akinwande O, Dasgupta N, Guevara CJ. Cryoablation of low-flow vascular malformations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:225-230. [PMID: 31063139 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2019.18278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of cryoablation in the treatment of low-flow malformations, specifically venous malformation (VM) and fibroadipose vascular anomaly (FAVA). METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 11 consecutive patients with low-flow malformations (14 lesions; 9 VM, 5 FAVA), median lesion volume 10.8 cm3, (range, 1.8-55.6 cm3) with a median age of 19 years (range, 10-50 years) who underwent cryoablation to achieve symptomatic control. Average follow-up was at a median of 207 days postprocedure (range, 120-886 days). Indications for treatment included focal pain and swelling. Technical success was achieved if the cryoablation ice ball covered the region of the malformation that corresponded to the patient's symptoms. Clinical success was considered complete if all symptoms resolved and partial if some symptoms persisted but did not necessitate further treatment. RESULTS The technical success rate was 100%. At 1-month follow-up, 13 of 14 lesions (93%) had a complete response and one (7%) had a partial response. At 6-month follow-up 12 of 13 (92%) had a complete response and 1 (8%) had a partial response. A total of 6 patients underwent primary cryoablation. Out of 9 VM cases, 7 had prior sclerotherapy and 2 had primary cryoablation. Out of the 5 FAVA cases, 1 had prior sclerotherapy and the remaining 4 cases underwent primary cryoablation. There were 3 minor complications following cryoablation including 2 cases of skin blisters and 1 case of transient numbness. These complications resolved with conservative management. CONCLUSION Cryoablation is safe and effective in the treatment of low-flow vascular malformations, either after sclerotherapy or as primary treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja S Ramaswamy
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tatulya Tiwari
- Department of Radiology, Division of Endovascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, Lexington Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michael D Darcy
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Seung K Kim
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Olaguoke Akinwande
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Niloy Dasgupta
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carlos J Guevara
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Texas Health Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Eun L, Kim SK, Kim JK. P4641Are coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease associated with iron deficiency anemia? Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) are the most important complication of Kawasaki disease (KD). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is prevalent micronutrient deficiencies and its association with KD remains unknown. We hypothesized the presence of IDA could be a predictor of CAA.
Methods
This retrospective study included 173 KD patients, divided into two groups by absence (Group 1) and presence (Group 2) of CAA. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a logistic regression model to estimate the association between CAA and other indicators. Due to the collinearity between the IDA indicators, each indicator was paired with anemia in 3 models.
Results
The 3 indicators of IDA, serum iron, iron saturation and ferritin, were all significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. Three sets of models including anemia with iron indicators produced the odd ratio (OR) of CAA of 3.513, 3.171, and 2.256, respectively. The 3 indicators of IDA were negatively associated with CAA, by OR of 0.965, 0.914, and 0.944, respectively. The Area under the curve (AUC) of ferritin, iron saturation, serum iron, anemia, and Kobayashi score was 0.907 (95% CI, 0.851–0.963), 0.729 (95% CI, 0.648–0.810), 0.711 (95% CI, 0.629–0.793), 0.638 (95% CI, 0.545–0.731), and 0.563 (95% CI, 0.489–0.636) respectively.
Figure 1 & 3
Conclusion
The indicators of IDA, especially ferritin, were highly associated with CAA, so that they were stronger predictors compared to the Kobayashi score. The IDA indicators can be used to predict CAA development and suggest the need for early intervention.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eun
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J K Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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45
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Yang SM, Park JK, Na YS, Wang ZR, Ko WH, In Y, Lee JH, Lee KD, Kim SK. Nonambipolar Transport due to Electrons with 3D Resistive Response in the KSTAR Tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:095001. [PMID: 31524439 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.095001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A small nonaxisymmetric (3D) magnetic field can induce nonambipolar transport of the particle species confined in a tokamak and thus a significant change of plasma rotation. This process can be in a favor of instability control in the region where the tokamak plasma is sufficiently collisional and resistive, as observed in the applications of n=1 resonant magnetic perturbations to the KSTAR tokamak. The plasma rotation can be globally accelerated due to radially drifting electrons and constrained to the electron root, if the radial transport is enhanced by an amplified 3D response. This mechanism is verified by a kinetically self-consistent magnetohydrodynamic modeling for both response and transport, which offers the quantitative explanations on the internal n=1 structure detected by electron-cyclotron-emission imaging and the cocurrent plasma spinning observed in the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Yang
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J-K Park
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Yong-Su Na
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Z R Wang
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - W H Ko
- National Fusion Research Institue, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Y In
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- National Fusion Research Institue, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - K D Lee
- National Fusion Research Institue, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Adhikari G, Adhikari P, de Souza EB, Carlin N, Choi S, Djamal M, Ezeribe AC, Ha C, Hahn IS, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kang W, Kauer M, Kim GS, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim KW, Kim NY, Kim SK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Kudryavtsev VA, Lee HS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Leonard DS, Lynch WA, Maruyama RH, Mouton F, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for a Dark Matter-Induced Annual Modulation Signal in NaI(Tl) with the COSINE-100 Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:031302. [PMID: 31386435 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.031302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present new constraints on the dark matter-induced annual modulation signal using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data with a total exposure of 97.7 kg yr. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg of NaI(Tl) target material, is designed to carry out a model-independent test of DAMA/LIBRA's claim of WIMP discovery by searching for the same annual modulation signal using the same NaI(Tl) target. The crystal data show a 2.7 cpd/kg/keV background rate on average in the 2-6 keV energy region of interest. Using a χ-squared minimization method we observe best fit values for modulation amplitude and phase of 0.0092±0.0067 cpd/kg/keV and 127.2±45.9 d, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - P Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - E Barbosa de Souza
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Djamal
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - C Ha
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G S Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N Y Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - V A Kudryavtsev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - W A Lynch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - F Mouton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kockel L, Griffin C, Ahmed Y, Fidelak L, Rajan A, Gould EP, Haigney M, Ralston B, Tercek RJ, Galligani L, Rao S, Huq L, Bhargava HK, Dooner AC, Lemmerman EG, Malusa RF, Nguyen TH, Chung JS, Gregory SM, Kuwana KM, Regenold JT, Wei A, Ashton J, Dickinson P, Martel K, Cai C, Chen C, Price S, Qiao J, Shepley D, Zhang J, Chalasani M, Nguyen K, Aalto A, Kim B, Tazawa-Goodchild E, Sherwood A, Rahman A, Wu SYC, Lotzkar J, Michaels S, Aristotle H, Clark A, Gasper G, Xiang E, Schlör FL, Lu M, Haering K, Friberg J, Kuwana A, Lee J, Liu A, Norton E, Hamad L, Lee C, Okeremi D, diTullio H, Dumoulin K, Chi SYG, Derossi GS, Horowitch RE, Issa EC, Le DT, Morales BC, Noori A, Shao J, Cho S, Hoang MN, Johnson IM, Lee KC, Lee M, Madamidola EA, Schmitt KE, Byan G, Park T, Chen J, Monovoukas A, Kang MJ, McGowan T, Walewski JJ, Simon B, Zu SJ, Miller GP, Fitzpatrick KB, Lantz N, Fox E, Collette J, Kurtz R, Duncan C, Palmer R, Rotondo C, Janicki E, Chisholm T, Rankin A, Park S, Kim SK. An Interscholastic Network To Generate LexA Enhancer Trap Lines in Drosophila. G3 (Bethesda) 2019; 9:2097-2106. [PMID: 31040111 PMCID: PMC6643891 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Binary expression systems like the LexA-LexAop system provide a powerful experimental tool kit to study gene and tissue function in developmental biology, neurobiology, and physiology. However, the number of well-defined LexA enhancer trap insertions remains limited. In this study, we present the molecular characterization and initial tissue expression analysis of nearly 100 novel StanEx LexA enhancer traps, derived from the StanEx1 index line. This includes 76 insertions into novel, distinct gene loci not previously associated with enhancer traps or targeted LexA constructs. Additionally, our studies revealed evidence for selective transposase-dependent replacement of a previously-undetected KP element on chromosome III within the StanEx1 genetic background during hybrid dysgenesis, suggesting a molecular basis for the over-representation of LexA insertions at the NK7.1 locus in our screen. Production and characterization of novel fly lines were performed by students and teachers in experiment-based genetics classes within a geographically diverse network of public and independent high schools. Thus, unique partnerships between secondary schools and university-based programs have produced and characterized novel genetic and molecular resources in Drosophila for open-source distribution, and provide paradigms for development of science education through experience-based pedagogy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Kockel
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sagar Rao
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | - Lutfi Huq
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Connie Cai
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evan Xiang
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | - Melissa Lu
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | | | - Alan Liu
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | - Clara Lee
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dan T Le
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | - Sophia Cho
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | - Maria Lee
- Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicole Lantz
- The Lawrenceville School, 2500 Main St, NJ 08648
| | | | | | - Richard Kurtz
- Commack High School, 1 Scholar Ln, Commack, NY 11725
| | - Chris Duncan
- Pritzker College Prep, 4131 W Cortland St, Chicago, IL 60639
| | - Ryan Palmer
- Pritzker College Prep, 4131 W Cortland St, Chicago, IL 60639
| | - Cheryl Rotondo
- Science Department, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | - Eric Janicki
- Science Department, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | | | - Anne Rankin
- Science Department, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, NH 03833
| | - Sangbin Park
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
| | - Seung K Kim
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford CA 94305
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford, CA 94305
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Baek BH, Lee YY, Kim SK, Yoon W. Pretreatment Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction Predicts Poor Outcome after Thrombectomy in Intracranial ICA Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1349-1355. [PMID: 31272965 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Predictors of outcome after endovascular thrombectomy have not been investigated adequately in patients with intracranial ICA occlusions. This study aimed to assess the impact of anterior choroidal artery infarction in pretreatment DWI on the outcome of patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion who underwent thrombectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 113 patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion who underwent DWI followed by thrombectomy between January 2011 and July 2016. Characteristics and outcomes were compared between the groups positive and negative for anterior choroidal artery infarction and patients with good outcomes (90-day mRS 0-2) and poor outcomes (mRS 3-6). Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of a good outcome. RESULTS On pretreatment DWI, anterior choroidal artery infarction was observed in 60 patients (53.1%). Good outcomes were significantly less frequent in the group positive for anterior choroidal artery infarction than in the group negative for it (25% versus 49.1%, P = .008). Parenchymal hemorrhage occurred only in the group positive for anterior choroidal artery infarction (13.3% versus 0%, P = .007). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, independent predictors of good outcome were an absence of anterior choroidal artery infarction (OR, 0.333; 95% CI, 0.135-0.824; P = .017) and successful reperfusion (OR, 5.598; 95% CI, 1.135-27.604; P = .034). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment anterior choroidal artery infarction is associated with parenchymal hemorrhage and poor outcome after thrombectomy in patients with acute intracranial ICA occlusion. In addition, the absence of anterior choroidal artery infarction and successful reperfusion were independent predictors of good outcome after thrombectomy in acute intracranial ICA occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Baek
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - W Yoon
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Jung J, Cho YY, Jung JH, Kim KY, Kim HS, Baek JH, Hahm JR, Cho HS, Kim SK. Are patients with mild to moderate renal impairment on metformin or other oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents at increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast exposure? Clin Radiol 2019; 74:651.e1-651.e6. [PMID: 31202566 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether the use of metformin during computed tomography (CT) with radiocontrast agents increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) and metabolic acidosis after CT in type 2 diabetes patients with mild to moderate renal failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient records from January 2015 to December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 374 patients were included in the final analysis. Of them, 157 patients received metformin, and 217 patients were taking other oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) during radiocontrast administration. RESULTS No significant difference in CIN incidence was observed between the metformin use group and the other OHAs group (p=0.085). Metabolic acidosis after CT was seen in 91 (58%) patients who used metformin and 141 (65%) patients who were taking other OHAs. There was no relationship between metabolic acidosis after CT and the use of metformin (p=0.195). Metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure was associated with malignant disease, low serum albumin level, and low serum total CO2 level at baseline. CONCLUSION These data show that other factors, but not metformin use, are associated with metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure in patients with reduced renal function. These data support current recommendations that there is no need to discontinue metformin before CT using radiocontrast agents in patients with mild to moderate renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Baek
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J R Hahm
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Ramaswamy RS, Charalel R, Guevara CJ, Tiwari T, Akinwande O, Kim SK, Salter A, Darcy M, Malone CD. Propensity-matched comparison of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement techniques: Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) versus fluoroscopic guidance. Clin Imaging 2019; 57:40-44. [PMID: 31103908 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare procedure characteristics and outcomes when TIPS is performed under intracardiac echocardiography guidance (iTIPS) compared to conventional fluoroscopic guidance (cTIPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective propensity-matched study of 30 iTIPS and 30 cTIPS procedures from January 2014 to March 2017 at a single US high volume academic medical center was performed. iTIPS and cTIPS cases were propensity score matched using predictive variables: age, race, gender, etiology of liver disease, indication for TIPS, MELD score, and portal vein patency. Procedure characteristics and post- procedure outcomes were compared between propensity-matched groups including: total procedure time, technical success, radiation dose, contrast volume, complication rate, 30- day mortality, and revision rate within 3 months. RESULTS Radiation dose (875.3 vs 457.4 mGY, p = 0.039) and contrast volume (141 vs 103 mL, p = 0.005) were significantly decreased in the iTIPS versus the cTIPS group. There was no significant difference in procedure time (81.5 cTIPS vs 84 min iTIPS) or rate of TIPS revisions within 3 months. Average operator experience in the iTIPs group was 4.2 years and cTIPS group 11.0 years (p = 0.0004). All procedures were technically successful with no mortalities within 30 days. CONCLUSION iTIPS resulted in significantly reduced radiation dose and contrast volume. However, there was no difference in total procedure time or overall outcomes despite greater operator experience in the cTIPS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Siva Ramaswamy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America.
| | - Resmi Charalel
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Radiology, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, United States of America
| | - Carlos J Guevara
- University of Texas - Houston, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Tatulya Tiwari
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center - Lexington, Division of Endovascular Surgery, 1101 Veterans Drive, Lexington, KY 40502, United States of America
| | - Olaguoke Akinwande
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America
| | - Seung K Kim
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America
| | - Amber Salter
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America
| | - Michael Darcy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America
| | - Christopher D Malone
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, CB 8131, Saint Louis, MO 63139, United States of America
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