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Khadraoui N, Essid R, Damergi B, Fares N, Gharbi D, Forero AM, Rodríguez J, Abid G, Kerekes EB, Limam F, Jiménez C, Tabbene O. Myrtus communis leaf compounds as novel inhibitors of quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors and biofilm formation: In vitro and in silico investigations. Biofilm 2024; 8:100205. [PMID: 38988475 PMCID: PMC11231753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance of the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its ability to form biofilm through the Quorum Sensing (QS) mechanism are important challenges in the control of infections caused by this pathogen. The extract of Myrtus communis (myrtle) showed strong anti-QS effect on C hromobacterium . violaceum 6267 by inhibiting 80 % of the production of violacein pigment at a sub-MIC concentration of 1/8 (31.25 μg/mL). In addition, the extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on virulence factors of P. aeruginosa PAO1 at half MIC (125 μg/mL), significantly reducing the formation of biofilms (72.02 %), the swarming activity (75 %), and the production of protease (61.83 %) and pyocyanin (97 %). The active fraction also downregulated the expression of selected regulatory genes involved in the biofilm formation and QS in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. These genes included the autoinducer synthase genes (lasI and rhlI), the genes involved in the expression of their corresponding receptors (lasR and rhlR), and the pqsA genes. The analysis of the active fraction by HPLC/UV/MS and NMR allowed the identification of three phenolic compounds, 3,5-di-O-galloylquinic acid, myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (myricitrin), and myricetin 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-ß-d-galactopyranoside. In silico studies showed that 3,5-di-O-galloylquinic acid, with an affinity score of -9.20 kcal/mol, had the highest affinity to the active site of the CviR protein (3QP8), a QS receptor from C. violaceum. Additionally, myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (myricitrin) and myricetin 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-ß-d-galactopyranoside interact to a lesser extent with 3QP8. In conclusion, this study contributed significantly to the discovery of new QS inhibitors from M. communis leaves against resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Khadraoui
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Rym Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Damergi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Fares
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Gharbi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Abel Mateo Forero
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre de Biotechnology de Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Erika-Beáta Kerekes
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Olfa Tabbene
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
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Chianese A, Giugliano R, Palma F, Nastri BM, Monti A, Doti N, Zannella C, Galdiero M, De Filippis A. The antiherpetic and anti-inflammatory activity of the frog-derived peptide Hylin-a1. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae165. [PMID: 38991986 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM The high incidence of virus-related infections and the large diffusion of drug-resistant pathogens stimulate the search and identification of new antiviral agents with a broad spectrum of action. Antivirals can be designed to act on a single target by interfering with a specific step in the viral lifecycle. On the contrary, antiviral peptides (AVPs) are known for acting on a wide range of viruses, with a diversified mechanism of action targeting virus and/or host cell. In the present study, we evaluated the antiviral potential of the peptide Hylin-a1 secreted by the frog Hypsiobas albopunctatus against members of the Herpesviridae family. METHODS AND RESULTS The inhibitory capacity of the peptide was evaluated in vitro by plaque assays in order to understand the possible mechanism of action. The results were also confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot evaluating the expression of viral genes. Hylin-a1 acts to block the herpetic infection interfering at the early stages of both herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 infection. Its mechanism is mainly directed on the membrane, probably by damaging the viral envelope. The same effect was also observed against HSV-1 strains resistant to acyclovir. CONCLUSIONS The data presented in this study, such as the increased activity of the peptide when combined to acyclovir, a weak hemolytic profile, an anti-inflammatory effect, and a tolerable half-life in serum, indicates Hylin-a1 as a novel antiherpetic molecule with promising potential in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Rosa Giugliano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Francesca Palma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Bianca M Nastri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alessandra Monti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council (CNR), Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico De Crecchio, 7, Naples 80138, Italy
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Antony A, Purayil AK, Olakkaran S, Dhannura S, Shekh S, Gowd KH, Gurushankara HP. Antimicrobial and antitumor properties of anuran peptide temporin-SHf induce apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells. Amino Acids 2024; 56:12. [PMID: 38319435 PMCID: PMC10847208 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Temporin-SHf is a linear, ultra-short, hydrophobic, α-helix, and phe-rich cationic antimicrobial peptide. The antitumor activities and mechanism of temporin-SHf-induced cancer cell death are unknown. The temporin-SHf was synthesized by solid-phase Fmoc chemistry and antimicrobial and antitumor activities were investigated. Temporin-SHf was microbiocidal, non-hemolytic, and cytotoxic to human cancer cells but not to non-tumorigenic cells. It affected the cancer cells' lysosomal integrity and caused cell membrane damage. The temporin-SHf inhibited A549 cancer cell proliferation and migration. It is anti-angiogenic and causes cancer cell death through apoptosis. The molecular mechanism of action of temporin-SHf confirmed that it kills cancer cells by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis through an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Owing to its short length and broad spectrum of antitumor activity, temporin-SHf is a promising candidate for developing a new class of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anet Antony
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Anupama Kizhakke Purayil
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kannur University, Dr. Janakiammal Campus, Thalasserry, Palayad, Kerala, 670 661, India
| | - Shilpa Olakkaran
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - Shweta Dhannura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
| | - Shamasoddin Shekh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
| | - Konkallu Hanumae Gowd
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, 585 367, India
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Ayed A, Essid R, Mankai H, Echmar A, Fares N, Hammami M, Sewald N, Limam F, Tabbene O. Synergistic antifungal activity and potential mechanism of action of a glycolipid-like compound produced by Streptomyces blastmyceticus S108 against Candida clinical isolates. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad246. [PMID: 37884451 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to investigate a novel antifungal compound produced by Streptomyces blastmyceticus S108 strain. Its effectiveness against clinical isolates of Candida species and its synergistic effect with conventional antifungal drugs were assessed, and its molecular mechanism of action was further studied against Candida albicans. METHODS AND RESULTS A newly isolated strain from Tunisian soil, S. blastmyceticus S108, showed significant antifungal activity against Candida species by well diffusion method. The butanolic extract of S108 strain supernatant exhibited the best anti-Candida activity with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 250 μg ml-1, determined by the microdilution method. The bio-guided purification steps of the butanolic extract were performed by chromatographic techniques. Among the fractions obtained, F13 demonstrated the highest level of activity, displaying a MIC of 31.25 μg ml-1. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses of this fraction (F13) revealed the glycolipidic nature of the active molecule with a molecular weight of 685.6 m/z. This antifungal metabolite remained stable to physicochemical changes and did not show hemolytic activity even at 4MIC corresponding to 125 µg ml-1 toward human erythrocytes. Besides, the glycolipid compound was combined with 5-flucytosine and showed a high synergistic effect with a fractional inhibitory concentration index value 0.14 against C. albicans ATCC 10231. This combination resulted in a decrease of MIC values of 5-flucytosine and the glycolipid-like compound by 8- and 64-fold, respectively. The examination of gene expression in treated C. albicans cells by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed that the active compound tested alone or in combination with 5-flucytosine blocks the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway by downregulating the expression of ERG1, ERG3, ERG5, ERG11, and ERG25 genes. CONCLUSION AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The new glycolipid-like compound, produced by Streptomyces S108 isolate, could be a promising drug for medical use against pathogenic Candida isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ayed
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - R Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - H Mankai
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - A Echmar
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - N Fares
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - M Hammami
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - N Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - F Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - O Tabbene
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
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Mhlongo JT, Waddad AY, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Antimicrobial Peptide Synergies for Fighting Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300472. [PMID: 37407512 PMCID: PMC10502873 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential elements of thehost defense system. Characterized by heterogenous structures and broad-spectrumaction, they are promising candidates for combating multidrug resistance. Thecombined use of AMPs with other antimicrobial agents provides a new arsenal ofdrugs with synergistic action, thereby overcoming the drawback of monotherapiesduring infections. AMPs kill microbes via pore formation, thus inhibitingintracellular functions. This mechanism of action by AMPs is an advantage overantibiotics as it hinders the development of drug resistance. The synergisticeffect of AMPs will allow the repurposing of conventional antimicrobials andenhance their clinical outcomes, reduce toxicity, and, most significantly,prevent the development of resistance. In this review, various synergies ofAMPs with antimicrobials and miscellaneous agents are discussed. The effect ofstructural diversity and chemical modification on AMP properties is firstaddressed and then different combinations that can lead to synergistic action,whether this combination is between AMPs and antimicrobials, or AMPs andmiscellaneous compounds, are attended. This review can serve as guidance whenredesigning and repurposing the use of AMPs in combination with other antimicrobialagents for enhanced clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T. Mhlongo
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
- CIBER‐BBNNetworking Centre on BioengineeringBiomaterials and Nanomedicineand Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona08028Spain
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
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Wang CB, Yan X, Wang GH, Liu WQ, Wang Y, Hao DF, Liu HM, Zhang M. NKHs27, a sevenband grouper NK-Lysin peptide that possesses immunoregulatory and antimicrobial activity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108715. [PMID: 37001746 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As an effective and broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide, NK-Lysin is attracted more and more attention at present. However, the functions and action mechanism of NK-Lysin peptides are still not comprehensive enough at present. In this study, a sevenband grouper (Hyporthodus septemfasciatus) NK-Lysin peptide, NKHs27, was identified and synthesized, and its biological functions were studied. The results indicated that NKHs27 shares 44.44%∼88.89% overall sequence identities with other teleost NK-Lysin peptides. The following antibacterial activity assay exhibited that NKHs27 was active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Listonella anguillarum, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus. Additionally, NKHs27 showed a synergistic effect when it was combined with rifampicin or erythromycin. In the process of interaction with the L. anguillarum cells, NKHs27 changed the cell membrane permeability and retained its morphological integrity, then penetrated into the cytoplasm to act on genomic DNA or total RNA. Then, in vitro studies showed that NKHs27 could enhance the respiratory burst ability of macrophages and upregulate immune-related genes expression in it. Moreover, NKHs27 incubation improved the proliferation of peripheral blood leukocytes significantly. Finally, in vivo studies showed that administration of NKHs27 prior to bacterial infection significantly reduced pathogen dissemination and replication in tissues. In summary, these results provide new insights into the function of NK-Lysin peptides in teleost and support that NKHs27, as a novel broad-spectrum antibacterial peptide, has potential applications in aquaculture against pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Biao Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Xue Yan
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Guang-Hua Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Wen-Qing Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Dong-Fang Hao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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Temporins: Multifunctional Peptides from Frog Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065426. [PMID: 36982501 PMCID: PMC10049141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporins are short peptides secreted by frogs from all over the world. They exert antimicrobial activity, mainly against Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant pathogens; recent studies highlight other possible applications of these peptides as anticancer or antiviral agents. This review is meant to describe the main features of temporins produced by different ranid genera. Due to the abundance of published papers, we focus on the most widely investigated peptides. We report studies on their mechanism of action and three-dimensional structure in model systems mimicking bacterial membranes or in the presence of cells. The design and the antimicrobial activity of peptide analogues is also described, with the aim of highlighting elements that are crucial to improve the bioactivity of peptides while reducing their toxicity. Finally, a short section is dedicated to the studies aimed at applying these peptides as drugs, to produce new antimicrobial materials or in other technological uses.
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Silva PSE, Guindo AS, Oliveira PHC, de Moraes LFRN, Boleti APDA, Ferreira MA, de Oliveira CFR, Macedo MLR, Rossato L, Simionatto S, Migliolo L. Evaluation of the Synthetic Multifunctional Peptide Hp-MAP3 Derivative of Temporin-PTa. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 36668862 PMCID: PMC9866994 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial peptides isolated from amphibian toxins have gained attention as new multifunctional drugs interacting with different molecular targets. We aimed to rationally design a new peptide from temporin-PTa. Hp-MAP3 (NH2-LLKKVLALLKKVL-COOH), net charge (+4), hydrophobicity (0.69), the content of hydrophobic residues (69%), and hydrophobic moment (0.73). For the construction of the analog peptide, the physicochemical characteristics were reorganized into hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues with the addition of lysines and leucines. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 2.7 to 43 μM against the growth of Gram-negative and positive bacteria, and the potential for biofilm eradication was 173.2 μM. Within 20 min, the peptide Hp-MAP3 (10.8 μM) prompted 100% of the damage to E. coli cells. At 43.3 μM, eliminated 100% of S. aureus within 5 min. The effects against yeast species of the Candida genus ranged from 5.4 to 86.6 μM. Hp-MAP3 presents cytotoxic activity against tumor HeLa at a concentration of 21.6 μM with an IC50 of 10.4 µM. Furthermore, the peptide showed hemolytic activity against murine erythrocytes. Structural studies carried out by circular dichroism showed that Hp-MAP3, while in the presence of 50% trifluoroethanol or SDS, an α-helix secondary structure. Finally, Amphipathic Hp-MAP3 building an important model for the design of new multifunctional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Souza e Silva
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexya Sandim Guindo
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Cardoso Oliveira
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula de Araújo Boleti
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Ferreira
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caio Fernando Ramalho de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e suas Funções Biológicas, Unidade de Tecnologia de Alimentos e da Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria Ligia Rodrigues Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e suas Funções Biológicas, Unidade de Tecnologia de Alimentos e da Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luana Rossato
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados UFGD, Dourados 79825-070, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Simionatto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados UFGD, Dourados 79825-070, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-Inova Biotech, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Tolpina MD, Vasileva ID, Samgina TY. Modern Approaches in de novo Sequencing of Nontryptic Peptides of Ranid and Hylid Frogs by Means of Mass Spectrometry: A Review. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822130081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Baltutis V, O'Leary PD, Martin LL. Self-Assembly of Linear, Natural Antimicrobial Peptides: An Evolutionary Perspective. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200240. [PMID: 36198638 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are an ancient and innate system of host defence against a wide range of microbial assailants. Mechanistically, unstructured peptides undergo a secondary structure transition into amphipathic α-helices, upon contact with membrane surfaces. This leads to peptide binding and removal of the membrane components in a detergent-like manner or via self-organisation into trans-membrane pores (either barrel-stave or toroidal pore) thereby destroying the microbe. Self-assembly of antimicrobial peptides into oligomers and ultimately amyloid has been mostly examined in parallel, however recent findings link diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease as an aberrant activity of a protective neuropeptide with antimicrobial activity. These self-assembled oligomers can also interact with membranes. Here, we review those antimicrobial peptides reported to self-assemble into amyloid, where supported by structural evidence. We consider their membrane activities as antimicrobial peptides and present evidence of consistent self-assembly patterns across major evolutionary groups. Trends are apparent across these groups, supporting the mounting data that self-assembly of antimicrobial peptides into amyloid should be considered as synergistic to the antimicrobial peptide response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity Baltutis
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 3800, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Paul D O'Leary
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 3800, Clayton, Vic, Australia
| | - Lisandra L Martin
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, 3800, Clayton, Vic, Australia
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11
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Peptides Isolated from Amphibian Skin Secretions with Emphasis on Antimicrobial Peptides. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100722. [PMID: 36287990 PMCID: PMC9607450 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin of amphibians is a tissue with biological functions, such as defense, respiration, and excretion. In recent years, researchers have discovered a large number of peptides in the skin secretions of amphibians, including antimicrobial peptides, antioxidant peptides, bradykinins, insulin-releasing peptides, and other peptides. This review focuses on the origin, primary structure, secondary structure, length, and functions of peptides secreted from amphibians' skin. We hope that this review will provide further information and promote the further study of amphibian skin secretions, in order to provide reference for expanding the research and application of amphibian bioactive peptides.
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12
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Wesseling CJ, Martin NI. Synergy by Perturbing the Gram-Negative Outer Membrane: Opening the Door for Gram-Positive Specific Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:1731-1757. [PMID: 35946799 PMCID: PMC9469101 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
New approaches to target antibacterial agents toward Gram-negative bacteria are key, given the rise of antibiotic resistance. Since the discovery of polymyxin B nonapeptide as a potent Gram-negative outer membrane (OM)-permeabilizing synergist in the early 1980s, a vast amount of literature on such synergists has been published. This Review addresses a range of peptide-based and small organic compounds that disrupt the OM to elicit a synergistic effect with antibiotics that are otherwise inactive toward Gram-negative bacteria, with synergy defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of <0.5. Another requirement for the inclusion of the synergists here covered is their potentiation of a specific set of clinically used antibiotics: erythromycin, rifampicin, novobiocin, or vancomycin. In addition, we have focused on those synergists with reported activity against Gram-negative members of the ESKAPE family of pathogens namely, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and/or Acinetobacter baumannii. In cases where the FICI values were not directly reported in the primary literature but could be calculated from the published data, we have done so, allowing for more direct comparison of potency with other synergists. We also address the hemolytic activity of the various OM-disrupting synergists reported in the literature, an effect that is often downplayed but is of key importance in assessing the selectivity of such compounds for Gram-negative bacteria.
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13
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Nogrado K, Adisakwattana P, Reamtong O. Antimicrobial peptides: On future antiprotozoal and anthelminthic applications. Acta Trop 2022; 235:106665. [PMID: 36030045 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Control and elimination of parasitic diseases are nowadays further complicated by emergence of drug resistance. Drug resistance is a serious threat as there are not many effective antiparasitic drugs available. Aside from drug resistance, it is also favorable to look for alternative therapeutics that have lesser adverse effects. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were found to address these issues. Some of its desirable traits are they are fast-acting, it has broad action that the pathogen will have difficulty developing resistance to, it has high specificity, and most importantly there are extensive sources such as bacteria; invertebrate and vertebrate animals as well as plants. Aside from this, AMPs are also found to modulate the immune response. This review would like to describe AMPs that have been studied for their antiparasitic activities especially on parasitic diseases that causes high mortality and exhibits drug resistance like malaria and leishmaniasis and to discuss the mechanism of action of these AMPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathyleen Nogrado
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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14
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Roque-Borda CA, Gualque MWDL, da Fonseca FH, Pavan FR, Santos-Filho NA. Nanobiotechnology with Therapeutically Relevant Macromolecules from Animal Venoms: Venoms, Toxins, and Antimicrobial Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:891. [PMID: 35631477 PMCID: PMC9146920 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some diseases of uncontrolled proliferation such as cancer, as well as infectious diseases, are the main cause of death in the world, and their causative agents have rapidly developed resistance to the various existing treatments, making them even more dangerous. Thereby, the discovery of new therapeutic agents is a challenge promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO). Biomacromolecules, isolated or synthesized from a natural template, have therapeutic properties which have not yet been fully studied, and represent an unexplored potential in the search for new drugs. These substances, starting from conglomerates of proteins and other substances such as animal venoms, or from minor substances such as bioactive peptides, help fight diseases or counteract harmful effects. The high effectiveness of these biomacromolecules makes them promising substances for obtaining new drugs; however, their low bioavailability or stability in biological systems is a challenge to be overcome in the coming years with the help of nanotechnology. The objective of this review article is to describe the relationship between the structure and function of biomacromolecules of animal origin that have applications already described using nanotechnology and targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (C.A.R.-B.); (F.R.P.)
| | - Marcos William de Lima Gualque
- Proteomics Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil;
| | - Fauller Henrique da Fonseca
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil;
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (C.A.R.-B.); (F.R.P.)
| | - Norival Alves Santos-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil;
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15
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Brunet K, Verdon J, Ladram A, Arnault S, Rodier MH, Cateau E. Antifungal activity of [K 3]temporin-SHa against medically relevant yeasts and moulds. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:427-434. [PMID: 35286812 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Few antifungal agents are currently available for the treatment of fungal infections. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are natural molecules involved in the innate immune response of many organisms, represent a promising research method because of their broad killing activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of a frog AMP, [K3]temporin-SHa, against some species of yeasts and moulds, and to further explore its activity against Candida albicans. MIC determinations were performed according to EUCAST guidelines. Next, the activity of [K3]temporin-SHa against C. albicans was explored using time-killing curve experiments, membrane permeabilization assays, and electron microscopy. Finally, chequerboard assays were performed to evaluate the synergy between [K3]temporin-SHa and amphotericin B or fluconazole. [K3]temporin-SHa was found to be active in vitro against several yeasts with MIC between 5.5 and 45 µM. [K3]temporin-SHa displayed rapid fungicidal activity against C. albicans (inoculum was divided into two in less than an hour and no viable colonies were recovered after 5 h) with a mechanism that could be due to membrane permeabilization. [K3]temporin-SHa was synergistic with amphotericin B against C. albicans (FICI = 0.303). [K3]temporin-SHa could represent an additional tool to treat several Candida species and C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Brunet
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, CHU de Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Julien Verdon
- Université de Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Ali Ladram
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, IBPS, BIOSIPE, Sorbonne Université, F-75252 Paris, France
| | - Simon Arnault
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, CHU de Poitiers, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Rodier
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, CHU de Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Estelle Cateau
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, CHU de Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, France.,Laboratoire Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR CNRS 7267, Université de Poitiers, France
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16
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Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity of the Amphibian Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin L and Its Analogs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042060. [PMID: 35216177 PMCID: PMC8878748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has evidenced the urgent need for the discovery of broad-spectrum antiviral therapies that could be deployed in the case of future emergence of novel viral threats, as well as to back up current therapeutic options in the case of drug resistance development. Most current antivirals are directed to inhibit specific viruses since these therapeutic molecules are designed to act on a specific viral target with the objective of interfering with a precise step in the replication cycle. Therefore, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as promising antiviral agents that could help to overcome this limitation and provide compounds able to act on more than a single viral family. We evaluated the antiviral activity of an amphibian peptide known for its strong antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, namely Temporin L (TL). Previous studies have revealed that TL is endowed with widespread antimicrobial activity and possesses marked haemolytic activity. Therefore, we analyzed TL and a previously identified TL derivative (Pro3, DLeu9 TL, where glutamine at position 3 is replaced with proline, and the D-Leucine enantiomer is present at position 9) as well as its analogs, for their activity against a wide panel of viruses comprising enveloped, naked, DNA and RNA viruses. We report significant inhibition activity against herpesviruses, paramyxoviruses, influenza virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we further modified our best candidate by lipidation and demonstrated a highly reduced cytotoxicity with improved antiviral effect. Our results show a potent and selective antiviral activity of TL peptides, indicating that the novel lipidated temporin-based antiviral agents could prove to be useful additions to current drugs in combatting rising drug resistance and epidemic/pandemic emergencies.
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17
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Khadraoui N, Essid R, Jallouli S, Damergi B, Ben Takfa I, Abid G, Jedidi I, Bachali A, Ayed A, Limam F, Tabbene O. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Peganum harmala seed extract against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenic isolates and molecular mechanism of action. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:133. [PMID: 34999965 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas (P). aeruginosa is one of the major global challenges to control nosocomial infections due to their high resistance to antimicrobials and host defense mechanisms. The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial and the antibiofilm activities of Peganum (P). harmala seed extract against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. Chemical identification of the active compound and determination of its molecular mechanism of action were also investigated. Results showed that P. harmala n-butanol "n-BuOH" extract exhibited antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. This extract was even more active than conventional antibiotics cefazolin and vaamox when tested against three P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant isolates. In addition, P. harmala n-BuOH extract exhibited potent bactericidal activity against PAO1 strain at MIC value corresponding to 500 µg/mL and attained 100% killing effect at 24 h of incubation. Furthermore, P. harmala n-BuOH extract showed an antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa PAO1 and exhibited 80.43% inhibition at sub-inhibitory concentration. The extract also eradicated 83.99% of the biofilm-forming bacteria. The active compound was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as an indole alkaloid harmaline. Transcriptomic analysis showed complete inhibition of the biofilm-related gene pilA when PAO1 cells were treated with harmaline. Our results revealed that P. harmala seed extract and its active compound harmaline could be considered as a candidate for a new treatment of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa pathogens-associated biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Khadraoui
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Damergi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Iheb Ben Takfa
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ines Jedidi
- Water and Food Control Laboratory, National Center of Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio-Enteropathogens-Pasteur Institute of Tunis-Belvédère, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Bachali
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Mohamed Taher Maamouri Hospital, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Ameni Ayed
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tabbene
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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18
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Wang W, Yang W, Du S, Xi X, Ma C, Wang L, Zhou M, Chen T. Bioevaluation and Targeted Modification of Temporin-FL From the Skin Secretion of Dark-Spotted Frog ( Pelophylax nigromaculatus). Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:707013. [PMID: 34738013 PMCID: PMC8560897 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.707013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive proteins secreted by the granular glands of amphibian skin play a self-defensive role, and exhibit various bioactivities in vitro and in vivo. In light of the severity of the problem of antibiotic resistance for treating infections, many antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been developed and applied in clinical microbial treatments. We identified a naturally derived and potent antimicrobial peptide, temporin-FL, obtained from the skin secretion of Pelophylax nigromaculatus via “shotgun” cloning. Two truncated analogues of this peptide were chemically synthesized to explore their structural-functional relationships. The results of a functional evaluation showed that all of the tested AMPs were active against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and demonstrated antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) but did not have an effect on Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, temporin-FLa demonstrated a higher level of hydrophobicity and enhanced antimicrobial efficiency, as well as hemolytic activity and cell cytotoxicity than the parent peptide. Temporin-FLb, which evidenced significantly less α-helicity, was less potent against various microbes but exhibited lower cytotoxicity relating to mammalian cells. Both of the synthesized analogues possessed a higher therapeutic index than the original peptide. Moreover, the membrane permeability assay and the measuring membrane depolarization assay declared that temporin-FL and its analogues induced membrane fracture and depolarization; the quantitative biofilm formation assay and the observations of MRSA biofilms using scanning electron microscopy revealed that the AMPs caused biofilm disruption and blocked biofilm formation, the former experiments all confirming their antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. Hence, the optimization of temporin-FL offers insights for the discovery of new drugs for treating MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Wanqing Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shouying Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Xi
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Chengbang Ma
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Wang
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Mei Zhou
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Tianbao Chen
- Natural Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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19
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Zhang S, Ma M, Shao Z, Zhang J, Fu L, Li X, Fang W, Gao L. Structure and Formation Mechanism of Antimicrobial Peptides Temporin B- and L-Induced Tubular Membrane Protrusion. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011015. [PMID: 34681675 PMCID: PMC8537239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporins are a family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) isolated from frog skin, which are very short, weakly charged, and highly hydrophobic. They execute bactericidal activities in different ways from many other AMPs. This work investigated morphological changes of planar bilayer membranes composed of mixed zwitterionic and anionic phospholipids induced by temporin B and L (TB and TL) using all-atom and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. We found that TB and TL fold to α-helices at the membrane surface and penetrate shallowly into the bilayer. These short AMPs have low propensity to induce membrane pore formation but possess high ability to extract lipids out. At relatively high peptide concentrations, the strong hydrophobicity of TB and TL promotes them to aggregate into clusters on the membrane surface. These aggregates attract a large amount of lipids out of the membrane to release compression induced by other dispersed peptides binding to the membrane. The extruded lipids mix evenly with the peptides in the cluster and form tubule-like protrusions. Certain water molecules follow the movement of lipids, which not only fill the cavities of the protrusion but also assist in maintaining the tubular structures. In contrast, the peptide-free leaflet remains intact. The present results unravel distinctive antimicrobial mechanisms of temporins disturbing membranes.
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20
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Yadav V, Misra R. A review emphasizing on utility of heptad repeat sequence as a tool to design pharmacologically safe peptide-based antibiotics. Biochimie 2021; 191:126-139. [PMID: 34492334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extensive usage of antibiotics has created an unprecedented scenario of the rapid emergence of many drug-resistant bacteria, which has become an alarming public health concern around the globe. Search for better alternatives that are as efficacious as antibiotics led to the discovery of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These small cationic amphiphilic peptides have emerged as a promising option as antimicrobial agents, owing to their multifaceted implications against varied pathogens. Recent years have witnessed tremendous growth in research on AMPs resulting in them being tested in clinical trials of which six got approved for topical application. The relatively less successful outcome has been attributed to the poor cell selectivity shown by most of the naturally occurring AMPs. This drawback needs to be circumvented by identifying strategies to design safe and effective peptides. In the present review, we have emphasized the importance of heptad repeat sequence (leucine and/or phenylalanine zipper motif) as a tool that has shown great promise in remodeling the toxic AMPs to safe antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA), University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium.
| | - Richa Misra
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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21
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Soussi S, Essid R, Karkouch I, Saad H, Bachkouel S, Aouani E, Limam F, Tabbene O. Effect of Lipopeptide-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Candida albicans Adhesion and on the Growth of Leishmania major. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3732-3752. [PMID: 34398423 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic lipopeptides produced by Bacillus species exhibit interesting therapeutic potential. However, their clinical use remains limited due to their low stability, undesirable interactions with host macromolecules, and their potential toxicity to mammalian cells. The present work aims to develop suitable lipopeptide-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with improved biological properties and reduced toxicity. Surfactin and bacillomycin D lipopeptides produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B84 strain were loaded onto chitosan nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation process. Nanoformulated lipopeptides exhibit an average size of 569 nm, a zeta potential range of 38.8 mV, and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 85.58%. Treatment of Candida (C.) albicans cells with encapsulated lipopeptides induced anti-adhesive activity of 81.17% and decreased cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) by 25.53% at 2000 µg/mL. Nanoformulated lipopeptides also induced antileishmanial activity against Leishmania (L.) major promastigote and amastigote forms at respective IC50 values of 14.37 µg/mL and 22.45 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides exerted low cytotoxicity towards human erythrocytes and Raw 264.7 macrophage cell line with respective HC50 and LC50 values of 770 µg/mL and 234.56 µg/mL. Nanoencapsulated lipopeptides could be used as a potential delivery system of lipopeptides to improve their anti-adhesive effect against C. albicans cells colonizing medical devices and their anti-infectious activity against leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwar Soussi
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia.,Faculté Des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Essid
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Ines Karkouch
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Houda Saad
- Laboratoire Des Matériaux Composites Et Minéraux Argileux, Centre National Des Recherches en Sciences Des Matériaux, BP-73, 8027, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Bachkouel
- Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), Espace D'Appui À La Recherche Et de Transfert Technologique, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Ezzedine Aouani
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tabbene
- Laboratoire Des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria (CBBC), BP-901, 2050, Hammam-lif, Tunisia.
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22
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Samgina TY, Vasileva ID, Kovalev SV, Trebse P, Torkar G, Surin AK, Zubarev RA, Lebedev AT. Differentiation of Central Slovenian and Moscow populations of Rana temporaria frogs using peptide biomarkers of temporins family. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5333-5347. [PMID: 34235566 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin secretion represents the only means of defense for the majority of frog species. That phenomenon is based on the fact that the main components of the secretion are peptides demonstrating greatly varying types of bioactivity. They fulfill regulatory functions, fight microorganisms and may be even helpful against predators. These peptides are considered to be rather promising pharmaceuticals of future generation as according to the present knowledge microorganisms are unlikely to develop resistance to them. Mass spectrometry sequencing of these peptides is the most efficient first step of their study providing reliably their primary structures, i.e., amino acids sequence and S-S bond motif. Besides discovering new bioactive peptides, mass spectrometry appears to be an efficient tool of taxonomy studies, allowing for distinguishing not only between closely related species, but also between populations of the same species. Application of several tandem mass spectrometry tools (CID, HCD, ETD, EThcD) available with Orbitrap mass analyzer allowed us to obtain full sequence of about 60 peptides in the secretion of Slovenian population of brown ranid frog Rana temporaria. The problem of sequence inside C-terminal cycle formed by two Cys and differentiation of isomeric Leu and Ile residues was done in top-down mode without any derivatization steps. Besides general biomarkers of Rana temporaria species, Central Slovenian population of Rana temporaria demonstrates six novel temporins and one brevinin 1, which may be treated as biomarkers of that population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yu Samgina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - I D Vasileva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Kovalev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Trebse
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G Torkar
- Department for Biology, Chemistry and Home Economics, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Education, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A K Surin
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki 6, Pushchino, Moscow, 142290, Russia
| | - R A Zubarev
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Biometry, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - A T Lebedev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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23
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Nishihara S, Kawasaki K. Enhanced cellular uptake of CpG DNA by α-helical antimicrobial peptide Kn2-7: Effects on macrophage responsiveness to CpG DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:100-106. [PMID: 32828270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
DNA containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs (CpG DNA) initiates innate immune responses, including the secretion of cytokines from macrophages. Some antimicrobial peptides modulate the responses to CpG DNA, although the molecular mechanisms of this process remain unclear. This study examined the effects of four α-helical antimicrobial peptides on the immune responses induced by CpG DNA. The antimicrobial peptide FIKRIARLLRKIF, known as Kn2-7, increased the CpG DNA-dependent secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α from mouse macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. Kn2-7 enhanced the cellular uptake of CpG DNA; this effect was decreased by the substitution of arginine residues with alanine residues, and increased by the substitution of lysine residues with arginine residues. The degree to which these peptides enhanced the cellular uptake of CpG DNA correlated well with their ability to increase CpG DNA-dependent IL-10 secretion. In contrast, Kn2-7 synthesized with d-amino acids did not increase CpG DNA-dependent IL-10 secretion, although the ability of the D-form of Kn2-7 to enhance the cellular uptake of CpG DNA was not diminished relative to that of Kn2-7. These results indicate that enhanced cellular uptake of CpG DNA is necessary but insufficient to augment CpG DNA-dependent immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeka Nishihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kawasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan.
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24
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Aschi M, Perini N, Bouchemal N, Luzi C, Savarin P, Migliore L, Bozzi A, Sette M. Structural characterization and biological activity of Crabrolin peptide isoforms with different positive charge. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Bellavita R, Raucci F, Merlino F, Piccolo M, Ferraro MG, Irace C, Santamaria R, Iqbal AJ, Novellino E, Grieco P, Mascolo N, Maione F. Temporin L-derived peptide as a regulator of the acute inflammatory response in zymosan-induced peritonitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109788. [PMID: 31865142 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an ancient group of defense molecules distributed in nature being found in mammals, birds, amphibians, insects, plants, and microorganisms. They display antimicrobial as well as immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory activities of two synthetic temporin-L analogues (here named peptide 1 and 2) by an in vivo model of inflammation caused by intraperitoneal sub-lethal dose of zymosan. Our results show that peptide 1 and 2 exert anti-inflammatory activity in vivo in response to zymosan-induce peritonitis. Simultaneous administration of 10 mg/kg of both temporins, with a sub-lethal dose of zymosan (500 mg/kg), significantly rescued mice from the classical hallmarks of inflammation, including leukocyte infiltration and synthesis of inflammatory mediators including IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1. More importantly, flow cytometry analysis highlighted a selective modulation of infiltrating inflammatory monocytes (defined as B220-/GR1hi-F480hi/CD115+) after peptide 2 treatment. Our results and presented models offer the possibility to test, in a preclinical setting, the potential of temporin analogues as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Raucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Asif J Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nicola Mascolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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26
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Patocka J, Nepovimova E, Klimova B, Wu Q, Kuca K. Antimicrobial Peptides: Amphibian Host Defense Peptides. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5924-5946. [PMID: 30009702 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180713125314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are one of the most common components of the innate immune system that protect multicellular organisms against microbial invasion. The vast majority of AMPs are isolated from the frog skin. Anuran (frogs and toads) skin contains abundant AMPs that can be developed therapeutically. Such peptides are a unique but diverse group of molecules. In general, more than 50% of the amino acid residues form the hydrophobic part of the molecule. Normally, there are no conserved structural motifs responsible for activity, although the vast majority of the AMPs are cationic due to the presence of multiple lysine residues; this cationicity has a close relationship with antibacterial activity. Notably, recent evidence suggests that synthesis of AMPs in frog skin may confer an advantage on a particular species, although they are not essential for survival. Frog skin AMPs exert potent activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, protozoa, yeasts, and fungi by permeating and destroying the plasma membrane and inactivating intracellular targets. Importantly, since they do not bind to a specific receptor, AMPs are less likely to induce resistance mechanisms. Currently, the best known amphibian AMPs are esculentins, brevinins, ranacyclins, ranatuerins, nigrocin-2, magainins, dermaseptins, bombinins, temporins, and japonicins-1 and -2, and palustrin-2. This review focuses on these frog skin AMPs and the mechanisms underlying their antimicrobial activity. We hope that this review will provide further information that will facilitate further study of AMPs and cast new light on novel and safer microbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Patocka
- Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Klimova
- Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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27
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Romero SM, Cardillo AB, Martínez Ceron MC, Camperi SA, Giudicessi SL. Temporins: An Approach of Potential Pharmaceutic Candidates. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2019; 21:309-322. [PMID: 31804896 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2019.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides, are small and mostly polycationic molecules that form part of the innate immune response. There are currently more than 3000 experimentally reported AMPs. Particularly in frogs, the temporin family has been discovered as potential AMPs. The aim of this work is to review the latest publications about this class of peptides, discuss their properties, and present an update of the last studies and new discoveries in the field. More than 130 temporins have been identified in this family. The most studied temporins are temporin A (TA), temporin B (TB), and temporin L (TL). These peptides showed antimicrobial activity against gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Since the discovery of temporins in 1996, several groups of researchers isolated different peptides from various species of frogs that were included as members of this family. Although antimicrobial activity of many temporins has not been analyzed yet, most of them showed antimicrobial and antifungal activities. A combination of nanotechnology and AMPs for temporins in different antimicrobial treatments could be a promising alternative for resistant pathogens. These studies demonstrate that, even with the advancement in scientific research on the composition and antimicrobial activity of temporins, further studies are necessary to wholly understand their components and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Maris Romero
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Beatriz Cardillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Biotecnología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Camila Martínez Ceron
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Biotecnología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Andrea Camperi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Biotecnología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvana Laura Giudicessi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Biotecnología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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28
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Olleik H, Baydoun E, Perrier J, Hijazi A, Raymond J, Manzoni M, Dupuis L, Pauleau G, Goudard Y, Villéon BDL, Goin G, Sockeel P, Choudhary MI, Pasquale ED, Nadeem-Ul-Haque M, Ali H, Khan AI, Shaheen F, Maresca M. Temporin-SHa and Its Analogs as Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100598. [PMID: 31614561 PMCID: PMC6843786 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most prevalent pathogens colonizing 50% of the world's population and causing gastritis and gastric cancer. Even with triple and quadruple antibiotic therapies, H. pylori shows increased prevalence of resistance to conventional antibiotics and treatment failure. Due to their pore-forming activity, antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are considered as a good alternative to conventional antibiotics, particularly in the case of resistant bacteria. In this study, temporin-SHa (a frog AMP) and its analogs obtained by Gly to Ala substitutions were tested against H. pylori. Results showed differences in the antibacterial activity and toxicity of the peptides in relation to the number and position of D-Ala substitution. Temporin-SHa and its analog NST1 were identified as the best molecules, both peptides being active on clinical resistant strains, killing 90-100% of bacteria in less than 1 h and showing low to no toxicity against human gastric cells and tissue. Importantly, the presence of gastric mucins did not prevent the antibacterial effect of temporin-SHa and NST1, NST1 being in addition resistant to pepsin. Taken together, our results demonstrated that temporin-SHa and its analog NST1 could be considered as potential candidates to treat H. pylori, particularly in the case of resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Olleik
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France.
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut-1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut-1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Josette Perrier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut 5, Lebanon
| | - Josette Raymond
- Université Paris 5, Hôpital Cochin, Service de bactériologie, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marine Manzoni
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Lucas Dupuis
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Ghislain Pauleau
- Departement of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Yvain Goudard
- Departement of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno de La Villéon
- Departement of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Géraldine Goin
- Departement of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Sockeel
- Departement of Digestive, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery, Hôpital Laveran, Military Health Service, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Eric Di Pasquale
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Muhammad Nadeem-Ul-Haque
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Hunain Ali
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Arif Iftikhar Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Shaheen
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France.
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29
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Buommino E, Carotenuto A, Antignano I, Bellavita R, Casciaro B, Loffredo MR, Merlino F, Novellino E, Mangoni ML, Nocera FP, Brancaccio D, Punzi P, Roversi D, Ingenito R, Bianchi E, Grieco P. The Outcomes of Decorated Prolines in the Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides from Temporin-L. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1283-1290. [PMID: 31087626 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we identified a potent antimicrobial analogue of temporin L (TL), [Pro3 ]TL, in which glutamine at position 3 was substituted with proline. In this study, a series of analogues in which position 3 is substituted with non-natural proline derivatives, was investigated for correlations between the conformational properties of the compounds and their antibacterial, cytotoxic, and hemolytic activities. Non-natural proline analogues with substituents at position 4 of the pyrrolidine ring were considered. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of these analogues were performed by means of antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assays along with circular dichroism (CD) and NMR spectroscopic analyses for selected compounds. The most promising peptides were additionally evaluated for their activity against some representative veterinary microbial strains to compare with those from human strains. We identified novel analogues with interesting properties that make them attractive lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Buommino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ignazio Antignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Bruno Casciaro
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Institute Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Loffredo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Institute Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Institute Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Francesca Paola Nocera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Punzi
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, IRBM S.p.A., via Pontina km 30 600, Pomezia, 00071, Italy
| | - Daniela Roversi
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, IRBM S.p.A., via Pontina km 30 600, Pomezia, 00071, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ingenito
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, IRBM S.p.A., via Pontina km 30 600, Pomezia, 00071, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bianchi
- Peptide Chemistry Unit, IRBM S.p.A., via Pontina km 30 600, Pomezia, 00071, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80131, Italy.,Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi (CIRPEB), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80134, Italy
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30
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Heep J, Klaus A, Kessel T, Seip M, Vilcinskas A, Skaljac M. Proteomic Analysis of the Venom from the Ruby Ant Myrmica rubra and the Isolation of a Novel Insecticidal Decapeptide. INSECTS 2019; 10:E42. [PMID: 30717163 PMCID: PMC6409562 DOI: 10.3390/insects10020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ants are a biodiverse group of insects that have evolved toxic venom containing many undiscovered bioactive molecules. In this study, we found that the venom of the ruby ant Myrmica rubra is a rich source of peptides. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 142 different peptides varying in molecular weight, sequence length, and hydrophobicity. One of the most abundant peaks was selected for further biochemical and functional characterization. Combined Edman degradation and de novo peptide sequencing revealed the presence of a novel decapeptide (myrmicitoxin) with the amino acid sequence NH₂-IDPKLLESLA-CONH₂. The decapeptide was named U-MYRTX-MRArub1 and verified against a synthetic standard. The amidated peptide was tested in a synthetic form to determine the antimicrobial activity towards the bacterial pathogens and insecticidal potential against pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum). This peptide did not show antimicrobial activity but it significantly reduced the survival of aphids. It also increased the sensitivity of the aphids to two commonly used chemical insecticides (imidacloprid and methomyl). Since ant venom research is still in its infancy, the findings of this first study on venom peptides derived from M. rubra highlight these insects as an important and rich source for discovery of novel lead structures with potential application in pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Heep
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Alica Klaus
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Kessel
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Seip
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Marisa Skaljac
- Bioresources Project Group, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchesterstrasse 2, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
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31
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Harris RJ, Jenner RA. Evolutionary Ecology of Fish Venom: Adaptations and Consequences of Evolving a Venom System. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E60. [PMID: 30678265 PMCID: PMC6409815 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on venomous animals has mainly focused on the molecular, biochemical, and pharmacological aspects of venom toxins. However, it is the relatively neglected broader study of evolutionary ecology that is crucial for understanding the biological relevance of venom systems. As fish have convergently evolved venom systems multiple times, it makes them ideal organisms to investigate the evolutionary ecology of venom on a broader scale. This review outlines what is known about how fish venom systems evolved as a result of natural enemy interactions and about the ecological consequences of evolving a venom system. This review will show how research on the evolutionary ecology of venom in fish can aid in understanding the evolutionary ecology of animal venoms more generally. Further, understanding these broad ecological questions can shed more light on the other areas of toxinology, with applications across multiple disciplinary fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Harris
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Ronald A Jenner
- Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD London, UK.
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32
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Siano A, Humpola MV, de Oliveira E, Albericio F, Simonetta AC, Lajmanovich R, Tonarelli GG. Leptodactylus latrans Amphibian Skin Secretions as a Novel Source for the Isolation of Antibacterial Peptides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112943. [PMID: 30423858 PMCID: PMC6278411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians´ skin produces a diverse array of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role as the first line of defense against microbial invasion. Despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in Argentina, current knowledge about the presence of peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a only few species. Here we used LC-MS-MS to identify antimicrobial peptides with masses ranging from 1000 to 4000 Da from samples of skin secretions of Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Three novel amino acid sequences were selected for chemical synthesis and further studies. The three synthetic peptides, named P1-Ll-1577, P2-Ll-1298, and P3-Ll-2085, inhibited the growth of two ATCC strains, namely Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. P3-Ll-2085 was the most active peptide. In the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE) and anionic liposomes, it adopted an amphipathic α-helical structure. P2-Ll-1298 showed slightly lower activity than P3-Ll-2085. Comparison of the MIC values of these two peptides revealed that the addition of seven amino acid residues (GLLDFLK) on the N-terminal of P2-Ll-1298 significantly improved activity against both strains. P1-Ll-1577, which remarkably is an anionic peptide, showed interesting antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strain, showing marked membrane selectivity and non-hemolysis. Due to this, P1-L1-1577 emerges as a potential candidate for the development of new antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Siano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria Veronica Humpola
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eliandre de Oliveira
- Proteomics Platform, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4000 Durban, South Africa.
| | - Arturo C Simonetta
- Cátedras de Microbiología y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, U.N.L. Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Rafael Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Ecotoxicología, Escuela Superior de Sanidad. FBCB, U.N.L. Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Georgina G Tonarelli
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Biological control of the soft rot bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Ar10 producing glycolipid-like compounds. Microbiol Res 2018; 217:23-33. [PMID: 30384906 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four hundred and fifty bacteria were evaluated for antagonistic activity against bacterial soft rot of potato caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum sp strain II16. A strain Ar10 exhibiting potent antagonist activity has been identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the basis of biochemical and molecular characterization. Cell free supernatant showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against human and phytopathogenic bacteria in the range of 10-60 AU/mL. Incubation of P. carotovorum cells with increasing concentrations of the antibacterial compound showed a killing rate of 94.8 and 96% at MIC and 2xMIC respectively. In addition, the antibacterial agent did not exert haemolytic activity at the active concentration and has been preliminary characterized by TLC and GC-MS as a glycolipid compound. Treatment of potato tubers with strain Ar10 for 72 h significantly reduced the severity of disease symptoms (100 and 85.05% reduction of necrosis deep / area and weight loss respectively). The same levels in disease symptoms severity was also recorded following treatment of potato tubers with cell free supernatant for 1 h. Data suggest that protection against potato soft rot disease may be related to glycolipid production by strain Ar10. The present study affords new alternatives for anti-Pectobacterium carotovorum bioactive compounds against the soft rot disease of potato.
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Bellio P, Luzi C, Mancini A, Cracchiolo S, Passacantando M, Di Pietro L, Perilli M, Amicosante G, Santucci S, Celenza G. Cerium oxide nanoparticles as potential antibiotic adjuvant. Effects of CeO 2 nanoparticles on bacterial outer membrane permeability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2428-2435. [PMID: 30026034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic options against Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) pathogens are limited and the overall strategy would be the development of adjuvants able to enhance the activity of therapeutically available antibiotics. Non-specific outer membrane permeabilizer, like metal-oxide nanoparticles, can be used to increase the activity of antibiotics in drug-resistant pathogens. The study aims to investigate the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) on bacterial outer membrane permeability and their application in increasing the antibacterial activity of antibiotics against MDR pathogens. METHODS The ability of CeO2 NPs to permeabilize Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane was investigated by calcein-loaded liposomes. The extent of the damage was evaluated using lipid vesicles loaded with FITC-dextran probes. The effect on bacterial outer membrane was evaluated by measuring the coefficient of permeability at increasing concentrations of CeO2 NPs. The interaction between CeO2 NPs and beta-lactams was evaluated by chequerboard assay against a Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate expressing high levels of resistance against those antibiotics. RESULTS Calcein leakage increases as NPs concentrations increase while no leakage was observed in FITC-dextran loaded liposomes. In Escherichia coli the outer membrane permeability coefficient increases in presence of CeO2 NPs. The antibacterial activity of beta-lactam antibiotics against K. pneumoniae was enhanced when combined with NPs. CONCLUSIONS CeO2 NPs increases the effectiveness of antimicrobials which activity is compromised by drug resistance mechanisms. The synergistic effect is the result of the interaction of NPs with the bacterial outer membrane. The low toxicity of CeO2 NPs makes them attractive as antibiotic adjuvants against MDR pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Bellio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Carla Luzi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alisia Mancini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cracchiolo
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maurizio Passacantando
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Letizia Di Pietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Perilli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Amicosante
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sandro Santucci
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celenza
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of l'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Michurin OM, Tolmachova K, Afonin S, Babii O, Grage SL, Ulrich AS, Komarov IV, Radchenko DS. Conformationally Constrained Mono-Fluorinated Arginine as a Cationic Label for Solid-State 19
F NMR Analysis of Membrane-Bound Peptides. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kateryna Tolmachova
- Enamine Ltd.; vul. Chervonotkatska 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; vul. Murmanska 1 02660 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Sergii Afonin
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Oleg Babii
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC); KIT; Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Stephan L. Grage
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Anne S. Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); POB 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC); KIT; Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Igor V. Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; vul. Volodymyrska 60 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
| | - Dmytro S. Radchenko
- Enamine Ltd.; vul. Chervonotkatska 78 02094 Kyiv Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; vul. Volodymyrska 60 01601 Kyiv Ukraine
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The Amphibian Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin B Inhibits In Vitro Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.02367-17. [PMID: 29483113 PMCID: PMC5923125 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02367-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is widespread in the population, and in most cases its infection is asymptomatic. The currently available anti-HSV-1 drugs are acyclovir and its derivatives, although long-term therapy with these agents can lead to drug resistance. Thus, the discovery of novel antiherpetic compounds deserves additional effort. Naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent an interesting class of molecules with potential antiviral properties. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first demonstration of the in vitro anti-HSV-1 activity of temporin B (TB), a short membrane-active amphibian AMP. In particular, when HSV-1 was preincubated with 20 μg/ml TB, significant antiviral activity was observed (a 5-log reduction of the virus titer). Such an effect was due to the disruption of the viral envelope, as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, TB partially affected different stages of the HSV-1 life cycle, including the attachment and the entry of the virus into the host cell, as well as the subsequent postinfection phase. Furthermore, its efficacy was confirmed on human epithelial cells, suggesting TB as a novel approach for the prevention and/or treatment of HSV-1 infections.
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Neelabh, Singh K, Rani J. Sequential and Structural Aspects of Antifungal Peptides from Animals, Bacteria and Fungi Based on Bioinformatics Tools. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 8:85-101. [PMID: 27060002 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Emerging drug resistance varieties and hyper-virulent strains of microorganisms have compelled the scientific fraternity to develop more potent and less harmful therapeutics. Antimicrobial peptides could be one of such therapeutics. This review is an attempt to explore antifungal peptides naturally produced by prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes. They are components of innate immune system providing first line of defence against microbial attacks, especially in eukaryotes. The present article concentrates on types, structures, sources and mode of action of gene-encoded antifungal peptides such as mammalian defensins, protegrins, tritrpticins, histatins, lactoferricins, antifungal peptides derived from birds, amphibians, insects, fungi, bacteria and their synthetic analogues such as pexiganan, omiganan, echinocandins and Novexatin. In silico drug designing, a major revolution in the area of therapeutics, facilitates drug development by exploiting different bioinformatics tools. With this view, bioinformatics tools were used to visualize the structural details of antifungal peptides and to predict their level of similarity. Current practices and recent developments in this area have also been discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelabh
- Department of Zoology (MMV), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Karuna Singh
- Department of Zoology (MMV), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Jyoti Rani
- Department of Zoology (MMV), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Ghorani-Azam A, Balali-Mood M, Aryan E, Karimi G, Riahi-Zanjani B. Effect of amino acid substitution on biological activity of cyanophlyctin-β and brevinin-2R. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Alexander JL, Yu Z, Cowan JA. Amino Terminal Copper and Nickel Binding Motif Derivatives of Ovispirin-3 Display Increased Antimicrobial Activity via Lipid Oxidation. J Med Chem 2017; 60:10047-10055. [PMID: 29172482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Alexander
- Evans Laboratory of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhen Yu
- Evans Laboratory of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - J. A Cowan
- Evans Laboratory of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Merlino F, Carotenuto A, Casciaro B, Martora F, Loffredo MR, Di Grazia A, Yousif AM, Brancaccio D, Palomba L, Novellino E, Galdiero M, Iovene MR, Mangoni ML, Grieco P. Glycine-replaced derivatives of [Pro 3 ,DLeu 9 ]TL, a temporin L analogue: Evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and hemolytic activities. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:750-761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Bondaryk M, Staniszewska M, Zielińska P, Urbańczyk-Lipkowska Z. Natural Antimicrobial Peptides as Inspiration for Design of a New Generation Antifungal Compounds. J Fungi (Basel) 2017; 3:E46. [PMID: 29371563 PMCID: PMC5715947 DOI: 10.3390/jof3030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are associated with high mortality rates, despite appropriate antifungal therapy. Limited therapeutic options, resistance development and the high mortality of invasive fungal infections brought about more concern triggering the search for new compounds capable of interfering with fungal viability and virulence. In this context, peptides gained attention as promising candidates for the antimycotics development. Variety of structural and functional characteristics identified for various natural antifungal peptides makes them excellent starting points for design novel drug candidates. Current review provides a brief overview of natural and synthetic antifungal peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Bondaryk
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Staniszewska
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paulina Zielińska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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Antifungal mechanism of the combination of Cinnamomum verum and Pelargonium graveolens essential oils with fluconazole against pathogenic Candida strains. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:6993-7006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Retro analog concept: comparative study on physico-chemical and biological properties of selected antimicrobial peptides. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1755-1771. [PMID: 28756544 PMCID: PMC5602100 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing drug resistance of common pathogens urgently needs discovery of new effective molecules. Antimicrobial peptides are believed to be one of the possible solutions of this problem. One of the approaches for improvement of biological properties is reversion of the sequence (retro analog concept). This research is based on investigation of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi, hemolysis of erythrocytes, interpretation of the circular dichroism spectra, measurement of counter-ion content, and assessment of the peptide hydrophobicity and self-assembly using reversed-phase chromatography. The experiments were conducted using the following peptides: aurein 1.2, CAMEL, citropin 1.1, omiganan, pexiganan, temporin A, and their retro analogs. Among the compounds studied, only retro omiganan showed an enhanced antimicrobial and a slightly increased hemolytic activity as compared to parent molecule. Moreover, retro pexiganan exhibited high activity towards Klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas pexiganan was in general more or equally active against the rest of tested microorganisms. Furthermore, the determined activity was closely related to the peptide hydrophobicity. In general, the reduced hemolytic activity correlates with lower antimicrobial activity. The tendency to self-association and helicity fraction in SDS seems to be correlated. The normalized RP-HPLC—temperature profiles of citropin 1.1 and aurein 1.2, revealed an enhanced tendency to self-association than that of their retro analogs.
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Grassi L, Maisetta G, Maccari G, Esin S, Batoni G. Analogs of the Frog-skin Antimicrobial Peptide Temporin 1Tb Exhibit a Wider Spectrum of Activity and a Stronger Antibiofilm Potential as Compared to the Parental Peptide. Front Chem 2017; 5:24. [PMID: 28443279 PMCID: PMC5387044 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The frog skin-derived peptide Temporin 1Tb (TB) has gained increasing attention as novel antimicrobial agent for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant and/or biofilm-mediated infections. Nevertheless, such a peptide possesses a preferential spectrum of action against Gram-positive bacteria. In order to improve the therapeutic potential of TB, the present study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of two TB analogs against medically relevant bacterial species. Of the two analogs, TB_KKG6A has been previously described in the literature, while TB_L1FK is a new analog designed by us through statistical-based computational strategies. Both TB analogs displayed a faster and stronger bactericidal activity than the parental peptide, especially against Gram-negative bacteria in planktonic form. Differently from the parental peptide, TB_KKG6A and TB_L1FK were able to inhibit the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms by more than 50% at 12 μM, while only TB_KKG6A prevented the formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms at 24 μM. A marked antibiofilm activity against preformed biofilms of both bacterial species was observed for the two TB analogs when used in combination with EDTA. Analysis of synergism at the cellular level suggested that the antibiofilm activity exerted by the peptide-EDTA combinations against mature biofilms might be due mainly to a disaggregating effect on the extracellular matrix in the case of S. aureus, and to a direct activity on biofilm-embedded cells in the case of P. aeruginosa. Both analogs displayed a low hemolytic effect at the active concentrations and, overall, TB_L1FK resulted less cytotoxic toward mammalian cells. Collectively, the results obtained demonstrated that subtle changes in the primary sequence of TB may provide TB analogs that, used alone or in combination with adjuvant molecules such as EDTA, exhibit promising features against both planktonic and biofilm cells of medically relevant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Grassi
- Department of Translational Research and new Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppantonio Maisetta
- Department of Translational Research and new Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maccari
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Italian Institute of TechnologyPisa, Italy
| | - Semih Esin
- Department of Translational Research and new Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Batoni
- Department of Translational Research and new Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of PisaPisa, Italy
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Insight into the mechanism of action of temporin-SHa, a new broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antibacterial agent. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174024. [PMID: 28319176 PMCID: PMC5358776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising drugs to kill resistant pathogens. In contrast to bacteria, protozoan parasites, such as Leishmania, were little studied. Therefore, the antiparasitic mechanism of AMPs is still unclear. In this study, we sought to get further insight into this mechanism by focusing our attention on temporin-SHa (SHa), a small broad-spectrum AMP previously shown to be active against Leishmania infantum. To improve activity, we designed analogs of SHa and compared the antibacterial and antiparasitic mechanisms. [K3]SHa emerged as a highly potent compound active against a wide range of bacteria, yeasts/fungi, and trypanosomatids (Leishmania and Trypanosoma), with leishmanicidal intramacrophagic activity and efficiency toward antibiotic-resistant strains of S. aureus and antimony-resistant L. infantum. Multipassage resistance selection demonstrated that temporins-SH, particularly [K3]SHa, are not prone to induce resistance in Escherichia coli. Analysis of the mode of action revealed that bacterial and parasite killing occur through a similar membranolytic mechanism involving rapid membrane permeabilization and depolarization. This was confirmed by high-resolution imaging (atomic force microscopy and field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy). Multiple combined techniques (nuclear magnetic resonance, surface plasmon resonance, differential scanning calorimetry) allowed us to detail peptide-membrane interactions. [K3]SHa was shown to interact selectively with anionic model membranes with a 4-fold higher affinity (KD = 3 x 10−8 M) than SHa. The amphipathic α-helical peptide inserts in-plane in the hydrophobic lipid bilayer and disrupts the acyl chain packing via a detergent-like effect. Interestingly, cellular events, such as mitochondrial membrane depolarization or DNA fragmentation, were observed in L. infantum promastigotes after exposure to SHa and [K3]SHa at concentrations above IC50. Our results indicate that these temporins exert leishmanicidal activity via a primary membranolytic mechanism but can also trigger apoptotis-like death. The many assets demonstrated for [K3]SHa make this small analog an attractive template to develop new antibacterial/antiparasitic drugs.
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46
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Manabe T, Kawasaki K. D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH 2 peptide exerts higher antimicrobial properties than its L-form counterpart via an association with bacterial cell wall components. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43384. [PMID: 28262682 PMCID: PMC5338256 DOI: 10.1038/srep43384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 was developed based on sapesin B, and synthesized using D-amino acids. Biochemical properties of the D-form and L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 peptides were compared. In order to limit the effects due to bacterial resistance to proteolysis, antimicrobial activities of the peptides were evaluated after short-term exposure to bacteria. D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 exhibited higher antimicrobial activities than L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 against bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In contrast, both the D-form and L-form of other antimicrobial peptides, including Mastoparan M and Temporin A, exhibited similar antimicrobial activities. Both the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 and L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 peptides preferentially disrupted S. aureus-mimetic liposomes over mammalian-mimetic liposomes. Furthermore, the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 increased the membrane permeability of S. aureus more than the L-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2. Thus suggesting that the enhanced antimicrobial activity of the D-form was likely due to its interaction with bacterial cell wall components. S. aureus peptidoglycan preferentially inhibited the antimicrobial activity of the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 relative to the L-form. Furthermore, the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 showed higher affinity for S. aureus peptidoglycan than the L-form. Taken together, these results indicate that the D-form KLKLLLLLKLK-NH2 peptide has higher antimicrobial activity than the L-form via a specific association with bacterial cell wall components, including peptidoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Manabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Kawasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
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Lee MO, Jang HJ, Rengaraj D, Yang SY, Han JY, Lamont SJ, Womack JE. Tissue expression and antibacterial activity of host defense peptides in chicken. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:231. [PMID: 27737668 PMCID: PMC5064907 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Host defence peptides are a diverse group of small, cationic peptides and are important elements of the first line of defense against pathogens in animals. Expression and functional analysis of host defense peptides has been evaluated in chicken but there are no direct, comprehensive comparisons with all gene family and individual genes. Results We examined the expression patterns of all known cathelicidins, β-defensins and NK-lysin in multiple selected tissues from chickens. CATH1 through 3 were predominantly expressed in the bone marrow, whereas CATHB1 was predominant in bursa of Fabricius. The tissue specific pattern of β-defensins generally fell into two groups. β-defensin1-7 expression was predominantly in bone marrow, whereas β-defensin8-10 and β-defensin13 were highly expressed in liver. NK-lysin expression was highest in spleen. We synthesized peptide products of these gene families and analysed their antibacterial efficacy. Most of the host defense peptides showed antibacterial activity against E.coli with dose-dependent efficacy. β-defensin4 and CATH3 displayed the strongest antibacterial activity among all tested chicken HDPs. Microscopic analyses revealed the killing of bacterium by disrupting membranes with peptide treatment. Conclusions These results demonstrate dose-dependent antimicrobial effects of chicken HDPs mediated by membrane damage and demonstrate the differential tissue expression pattern of bioactive HDPs in chicken and the relative antimicrobial potency of the peptides they encode. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0866-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ok Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Yeong Yang
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - James E Womack
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Hassan STS, Berchová-Bímová K, Petráš J. Plumbagin, a Plant-Derived Compound, Exhibits Antifungal Combinatory Effect with Amphotericin B against Candida albicans Clinical Isolates and Anti-hepatitis C Virus Activity. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1487-92. [PMID: 27215409 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), the major active constituent of Plumbago indica L., has been shown to be effective against a wide range of infectious microbes. In this study, plumbagin has been evaluated in vitro for its antifungal combinatory effect with amphotericin B against Candida albicans (C. albicans) clinical isolates and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity. Antifungal activity was determined by broth microdilution method, and combinatory effect was evaluated by checkerboard assay according to ΣFIC indices, while cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. Anti-HCV activity was determined in infected Huh7.5 cells using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Plumbagin exerted inhibitory effect against all C. albicans strains with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 7.41 to 11.24 µg/mL. The additive effect of plumbagin when combined with amphotericin B at concentrations of (0.12, 0.13 and 0.19, 1.81 µg/mL, respectively) was obtained against five of seven strains tested with ΣFIC ranging from 0.62 to 0.91. In addition, plumbagin was found to be used safely for topical application when combined with amphotericin B at concentrations corresponding to the additive effect. Plumbagin exerted anti-HCV activity compared with that of telaprevir with IC50 values of 0.57 and 0.01 μM/L, respectively, and selectivity indices SI = 53.7 and SI = 2127, respectively. Our results present plumbagin as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of C. albicans and HCV infections. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif T S Hassan
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Berchová-Bímová
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Petráš
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
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Mohanram H, Bhattacharjya S. 'Lollipop'-shaped helical structure of a hybrid antimicrobial peptide of temporin B-lipopolysaccharide binding motif and mapping cationic residues in antibacterial activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1362-72. [PMID: 27015761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporins are attractive templates for the development of antibiotics. However, many temporins are inactive against Gram-negative bacteria. Previously, we demonstrated conjugation of a lipopolysaccharide binding motif peptide to temporins yielded hybrid non-haemolytic AMPs that killed several Gram-negative bacteria. METHODS We carried out a systematic Ala replacement of individual cationic and polar amino acid residues of LG21, a hybrid AMP consisted of temporin B (TB) and LPS binding motif. These Ala containing analogs of LG21 were examined for antibacterial activity, cell membrane permeabilization and liposome leakage assays using optical spectroscopic methods. Atomic resolution structure of LG21 was determined in zwitterionic dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) micelles by NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS Cationic residues in the LPS binding motif of LG21 were critical for bactericidal and membrane permeabilization. Detergent bound structure of LG21 revealed helical conformation containing extensive sidechain/sidechain packing including cation/π interactions in the LPS binding motif. The helical structure of LG21 resembled a 'lollipop' like shape that was sustained by a compacted bulky aromatic/cationic head with a comparatively thinner 'stick' at the N-terminal region. The 'head' of the structure could be localized into micelle-water interfacial region whereas the 'stick' region may be inserted into the hydrophobic core of micelle. CONCLUSIONS The LPS binding motif of LG21 played dominant roles in broad spectrum activity and the 3-D structure provided plausible mechanistic insights for permeabilization of bacterial membrane. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Hybrid AMPs containing LPS binding motif could be useful for the structure based development of broad spectrum antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Mohanram
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjya
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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Khara JS, Lim FK, Wang Y, Ke XY, Voo ZX, Yang YY, Lakshminarayanan R, Ee PLR. Designing α-helical peptides with enhanced synergism and selectivity against Mycobacterium smegmatis: Discerning the role of hydrophobicity and helicity. Acta Biomater 2015; 28:99-108. [PMID: 26380930 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported on a series of short amphipathic α-helical peptides, comprising the backbone sequence (LLKK)2, with the ability to kill susceptible and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, the effect of key physicochemical parameters including hydrophobicity and helicity of α-helical peptides on anti-mycobacterial activity and synergism with rifampicin was investigated. The most hydrophobic analogue, W(LLKK)2W, displayed low selectivity against mycobacteria while peptides with intermediate hydrophobicity were shown to be equally active, yet significantly less toxic. Furthermore, proline substitution impeded the formation of stable amphipathic structures, rendering P(LLKK)2P as one of the least active analogues. Terminal capping with isoleucine was found to promote α-helical folding and the resultant peptide demonstrated the highest selectivity and minimal cytotoxicity against mammalian macrophages. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that enhancements in hydrophobicity and α-helicity increased the rate and extent of peptide-mediated membrane permeabilization. This finding corroborated the hypothesis that synergism between the peptides and rifampicin was likely mediated via peptide-induced pore formation. The rapid, concentration-dependent membrane depolarization, leakage of intracellular ATP and calcein release from PE/PG LUVs supported the membrane-lytic mechanism of action of the peptides. Together, these findings suggest that hydrophobicity and α-helicity significantly impact anti-mycobacterial activity and optimization of both parameters is necessary to develop synthetic analogues with superior selectivity indices and enhanced synergistic potential with conventional antibiotics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE There is an urgent clinical need for the discovery of new antimicrobials, effective not just for drug susceptible, but also rapidly emerging drug-resistant TB. Recently, we reported on a series of short amphipathic α-helical peptides, comprising the backbone sequence (LLKK)2, with the ability to kill susceptible and drug-resistant M. tuberculosis. In this study, we evaluated a series of synthetic α-helical (LLKK)2 peptides over a range of hydrophobicities for their activity against mycobacteria and provide the first report on the modulating effect of hydrophobicity and α-helicity on the antimicrobial mechanisms of synthetic AMPs and their synergism with first-line antibiotics. These findings demonstrate the applicability of strategies employed here for the rational design of AMPs with the aim of improving cell selectivity and synergistic interactions when co-administered with first-line antibiotics in the fight against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Singh Khara
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Fang Kang Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xi-Yu Ke
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiang Voo
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168751, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Pui Lai Rachel Ee
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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