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Frazure M, Morimoto I, Fielder N, Mellen N, Iceman K, Pitts T. Serotonin therapies for opioid-induced disordered swallow and respiratory depression. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:821-843. [PMID: 38385184 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00509.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Opioids are well-known to cause respiratory depression, but despite clinical evidence of dysphagia, the effects of opioids on swallow excitability and motor pattern are unknown. We tested the effects of the clinically relevant opioid buprenorphine on pharyngeal swallow and respiratory drive in male and female rats. We also evaluated the utility of 5-HT1A agonists (8-OH-DPAT and buspirone) to improve swallowing and breathing following buprenorphine administration. Experiments were performed on 44 freely breathing Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. Bipolar fine wire electrodes were inserted into the mylohyoid, thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, thyropharyngeus, and diaphragm muscles to measure electromyographic (EMG) activity of swallowing and breathing. We evaluated the hypotheses that swallowing varies by stimulus, opioids depress swallowing and breathing, and that 5-HT1A agonists improve these depressions. Our results largely confirmed the following hypotheses: 1) swallow-related EMG activity was larger during swallows elicited by esophageal distension plus oral water infusion than by either stimulus alone. 2) Buprenorphine depressed swallow in both sexes, but females were more susceptible to total swallow suppression. 3) Female animals were also more vulnerable to opioid-induced respiratory depression. 4) 8-OH-DPAT rescued breathing following buprenorphine-induced respiratory arrest, and pretreatment with the partial 5-HT1A agonist buspirone prevented buprenorphine-induced respiratory arrest in female animals. 5) 8-OH-DPAT enhanced mylohyoid and thyropharyngeus EMG amplitude during swallow but did not restore excitability of the swallow pattern generator following total suppression by buprenorphine. Our results highlight sex-specific and behavior-specific effects of buprenorphine and provide preclinical evidence of a 5HT1A agonist for the treatment of respiratory depression and dysphagia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study, to our knowledge, to evaluate sex-specific effects of opioid administration on pharyngeal swallow. We expand on a small but growing number of studies that report a lower threshold for opioid-induced respiratory depression in females compared with males, and we are the first to produce this effect with the partial μ-opioid-receptor agonist buprenorphine. This is the first demonstration, to our knowledge, that activation of 5-HT1A receptors can improve swallow and breathing outcomes following systemic buprenorphine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Frazure
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - In Morimoto
- Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nathan Fielder
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Nicholas Mellen
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Kimberly Iceman
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences and Dalton Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Teresa Pitts
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences and Dalton Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
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2
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Goudsward HJ, Ruiz-Velasco V, Stella SL, Willing LB, Holmes GM. Coexpressed δ-, μ-, and κ-Opioid Receptors Modulate Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Channels in Gastric-Projecting Vagal Afferent Neurons. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 105:250-259. [PMID: 38182431 PMCID: PMC10877734 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Opioid analgesics are frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, including constipation, nausea, dysphagia, and reduced gastric motility. Though it has been shown that stimulation of opioid receptors expressed in enteric motor neurons contributes to opioid-induced constipation, it remains unclear whether activation of opioid receptors in gastric-projecting nodose ganglia neurons contributes to the reduction in gastric motility and emptying associated with opioid use. In the present study, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed to determine the mechanism underlying opioid receptor-mediated modulation of Ca2+ currents in acutely isolated gastric vagal afferent neurons. Our results demonstrate that CaV2.2 channels provide the majority (71% ± 16%) of Ca2+ currents in gastric vagal afferent neurons. Furthermore, we found that application of oxycodone, U-50488, or deltorphin II on gastric nodose ganglia neurons inhibited Ca2+ currents through a voltage-dependent mechanism by coupling to the Gα i/o family of heterotrimeric G-proteins. Because previous studies have demonstrated that the nodose ganglia expresses low levels of δ-opioid receptors, we also determined the deltorphin II concentration-response relationship and assessed deltorphin-mediated Ca2+ current inhibition following exposure to the δ-opioid receptor antagonist ICI 174,864 (0.3 µM). The peak mean Ca2+ current inhibition following deltorphin II application was 47% ± 24% (EC50 = 302.6 nM), and exposure to ICI 174,864 blocked deltorphin II-mediated Ca2+ current inhibition (4% ± 4% versus 37% ± 20%). Together, our results suggest that analgesics targeting any opioid receptor subtype can modulate gastric vagal circuits. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study demonstrated that in gastric nodose ganglia neurons, agonists targeting all three classical opioid receptor subtypes (μ, δ, and κ) inhibit voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in a voltage-dependent mechanism by coupling to Gαi/o. These findings suggest that analgesics targeting any opioid receptor subtype would modulate gastric vagal circuits responsible for regulating gastric reflexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Goudsward
- Departments of Neural and Behavioral Sciences (H.J.G., S.L.S., L.B.W., G.M.H.) and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (V.R.-V.), Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Victor Ruiz-Velasco
- Departments of Neural and Behavioral Sciences (H.J.G., S.L.S., L.B.W., G.M.H.) and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (V.R.-V.), Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Salvatore L Stella
- Departments of Neural and Behavioral Sciences (H.J.G., S.L.S., L.B.W., G.M.H.) and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (V.R.-V.), Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa B Willing
- Departments of Neural and Behavioral Sciences (H.J.G., S.L.S., L.B.W., G.M.H.) and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (V.R.-V.), Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory M Holmes
- Departments of Neural and Behavioral Sciences (H.J.G., S.L.S., L.B.W., G.M.H.) and Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (V.R.-V.), Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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3
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Baby SM, May WJ, Young AP, Wilson CG, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Lewis THJ, Hsieh YH, Bates JN, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine ethylester reverses the adverse effects of morphine on breathing and arterial blood-gas chemistry while minimally affecting antinociception in unanesthetized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116081. [PMID: 38219385 PMCID: PMC10922989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
L-cysteine ethylester (L-CYSee) is a membrane-permeable analogue of L-cysteine with a variety of pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of L-CYSee on morphine-induced changes in ventilation, arterial-blood gas (ABG) chemistry, Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient (i.e., a measure of the index of alveolar gas-exchange), antinociception and sedation in male Sprague Dawley rats. An injection of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) produced adverse effects on breathing, including sustained decreases in minute ventilation. L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) given 15 min later immediately reversed the actions of morphine. Another injection of L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) after 15 min elicited more pronounced excitatory ventilatory responses. L-CYSee (250 or 500 μmol/kg, IV) elicited a rapid and prolonged reversal of the actions of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) on ABG chemistry (pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2) and A-a gradient. L-serine ethylester (an oxygen atom replaces the sulfur; 500 μmol/kg, IV), was ineffective in all studies. L-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV) did not alter morphine (10 mg/kg, IV)-induced sedation, but slightly reduced the overall duration of morphine (5 or 10 mg/kg, IV)-induced analgesia. In summary, L-CYSee rapidly overcame the effects of morphine on breathing and alveolar gas-exchange, while not affecting morphine sedation or early-stage analgesia. The mechanisms by which L-CYSee modulates morphine depression of breathing are unknown, but appear to require thiol-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh M Baby
- Department of Drug Discovery, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, USA
| | - Walter J May
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alex P Young
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, USA
| | - Paulina M Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gregory A Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Yee-Hee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James N Bates
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Stephen J Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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4
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Angeli A, Micheli L, Turnaturi R, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C, Alterio V, Di Fiore A, De Simone G, Monti SM, Carta F, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Supuran CT. Discovery of a novel series of potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with selective affinity for μ Opioid receptor for Safer and long-lasting analgesia. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115783. [PMID: 37678143 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the development of dual-targeted ligands that bind to both μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes, using fentanyl structure as a template. We synthesized and evaluated 21 novel compounds with dual-targeted affinity identifying the lead candidate compound 8, showing selective affinity for MOR and potent inhibition of several cytosolic CA isoforms. By means of repeated treatment of 3 daily administrations for 17 days, fentanyl (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) led to tolerance development, pain threshold alterations and withdrawal symptoms in CD-1 mice, as well as astrocyte and microglia activation in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord. In contrast, compound 8 (0.32 mg/kg s.c.) maintained stable during days its analgesic effect at the higher dose tested with fewer withdrawal symptoms, allodynia development and glial cells activation. Our results suggest that targeting both MOR and CA enzymes can lead to the development of new class of potent analgesic agents with fewer side effects and reduced tolerance development. Further studies are needed to explore the potential mechanisms underlying these effects and to further optimize the therapeutic potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Laura Micheli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Alterio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Fiore
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Simone
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Maria Monti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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5
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De Rosa F, Giannatiempo B, Charlier B, Coglianese A, Mensitieri F, Gaudino G, Cozzolino A, Filippelli A, Piazza O, Dal Piaz F, Izzo V. Pharmacological Treatments and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Patients with Chronic Pain. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2088. [PMID: 37631302 PMCID: PMC10457775 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that affects every aspect of a patient's life and which may be treated through different pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Analgesics are the drugs most commonly used to treat pain, and in specific situations, the use of opioids may be considered with caution. These drugs, in fact, do not always induce optimal analgesia in patients, and several problems are associated with their use. The purpose of this narrative review is to describe the pharmacological approaches currently used for the management of chronic pain. We review several aspects, from the pain-scale-based methods currently available to assess the type and intensity of pain, to the most frequently administered drugs (non-narcotic analgesics and narcotic analgesics), whose pharmacological characteristics are briefly reported. Overall, we attempt to provide an overview of different pharmacological treatments while also illustrating the relevant guidelines and indications. We then report the strategies that may be used to reduce problems related to opioid use. Specifically, we focus our attention on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), a tool that could help clinicians select the most suitable drug and dose to be used for each patient. The actual potential of using TDM to optimize and personalize opioid-based pain treatments is finally discussed based on recent scientific reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
| | - Bruno Giannatiempo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Bruno Charlier
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
| | - Albino Coglianese
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesca Mensitieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Giulia Gaudino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Armando Cozzolino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.D.R.); (B.G.); (B.C.); (A.C.); (A.F.)
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Ornella Piazza
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Viviana Izzo
- University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (A.C.); (O.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (G.G.)
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6
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Fouillen A, Bous J, Granier S, Mouillac B, Sounier R. Bringing GPCR Structural Biology to Medical Applications: Insights from Both V2 Vasopressin and Mu-Opioid Receptors. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:606. [PMID: 37367810 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are versatile signaling proteins that regulate key physiological processes in response to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli. The last decade has seen a revolution in the structural biology of clinically important GPCRs. Indeed, the improvement in molecular and biochemical methods to study GPCRs and their transducer complexes, together with advances in cryo-electron microscopy, NMR development, and progress in molecular dynamic simulations, have led to a better understanding of their regulation by ligands of different efficacy and bias. This has also renewed a great interest in GPCR drug discovery, such as finding biased ligands that can either promote or not promote specific regulations. In this review, we focus on two therapeutically relevant GPCR targets, the V2 vasopressin receptor (V2R) and the mu-opioid receptor (µOR), to shed light on the recent structural biology studies and show the impact of this integrative approach on the determination of new potential clinical effective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Fouillen
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Bous
- Section of Receptor Biology & Signaling, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sébastien Granier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Mouillac
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Remy Sounier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
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7
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Deventer MH, Persson M, Laus A, Pottie E, Cannaert A, Tocco G, Gréen H, Stove CP. Off-target activity of NBOMes and NBOMe analogs at the µ opioid receptor. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1367-1384. [PMID: 36853332 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are introduced on the illicit drug market at a rapid pace. Their molecular targets are often inadequately elucidated, which contributes to the delayed characterization of their pharmacological effects. Inspired by earlier findings, this study set out to investigate the µ opioid receptor (MOR) activation potential of a large set of psychedelics, substances which typically activate the serotonin (5-HT2A) receptor as their target receptor. We observed that some substances carrying the N-benzyl phenethylamine (NBOMe) structure activated MOR, as confirmed by both the NanoBiT® βarr2 recruitment assay and the G protein-based AequoScreen® Ca2+ release assay. The use of two orthogonal systems proved beneficial as some aspecific, receptor independent effects were found for various analogs when using the Ca2+ release assay. The specific 'off-target' effects at MOR could be blocked by the opioid antagonist naloxone, suggesting that these NBOMes occupy the same common opioid binding pocket as conventional opioids. This was corroborated by molecular docking, which revealed the plausibility of multiple interactions of 25I-NBOMe with MOR, similar to those observed for opioids. Additionally, structure-activity relationship findings seen in vitro were rationalized in silico for two 25I-NBOMe isomers. Overall, as MOR activity of these psychedelics was only noticed at high concentrations, we consider it unlikely that for the tested compounds there will be a relevant opioid toxicity in vivo at physiologically relevant concentrations. However, small modifications to the original NBOMe structure may result in a panel of more efficacious and potent MOR agonists, potentially exhibiting a dual MOR/5-HT2A activation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie H Deventer
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mattias Persson
- Department of Forensic Genetic and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Antonio Laus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eline Pottie
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Cannaert
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Graziella Tocco
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Henrik Gréen
- Department of Forensic Genetic and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christophe P Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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8
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Cuitavi J, Torres-Pérez JV, Lorente JD, Campos-Jurado Y, Andrés-Herrera P, Polache A, Agustín-Pavón C, Hipólito L. Crosstalk between Mu-Opioid receptors and neuroinflammation: Consequences for drug addiction and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 145:105011. [PMID: 36565942 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mu-Opioid Receptors (MORs) are well-known for participating in analgesia, sedation, drug addiction, and other physiological functions. Although MORs have been related to neuroinflammation their biological mechanism remains unclear. It is suggested that MORs work alongside Toll-Like Receptors to enhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines during pathological conditions. Some cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, have been postulated to regulate MORs levels by both avoiding MOR recycling and enhancing its production. In addition, Neurokinin-1 Receptor, also affected during neuroinflammation, could be regulating MOR trafficking. Therefore, inflammation in the central nervous system seems to be associated with altered/increased MORs expression, which might regulate harmful processes, such as drug addiction and pain. Here, we provide a critical evaluation on MORs' role during neuroinflammation and its implication for these conditions. Understanding MORs' functioning, their regulation and implications on drug addiction and pain may help elucidate their potential therapeutic use against these pathological conditions and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cuitavi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Jose Vicente Torres-Pérez
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Jesús David Lorente
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Yolanda Campos-Jurado
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Paula Andrés-Herrera
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ana Polache
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Agustín-Pavón
- Department of Cellular Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Lucía Hipólito
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n., 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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9
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Wang Y, Zhuang Y, DiBerto JF, Zhou XE, Schmitz GP, Yuan Q, Jain MK, Liu W, Melcher K, Jiang Y, Roth BL, Xu HE. Structures of the entire human opioid receptor family. Cell 2023; 186:413-427.e17. [PMID: 36638794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are effective analgesics, but their use is beset by serious side effects, including addiction and respiratory depression, which contribute to the ongoing opioid crisis. The human opioid system contains four opioid receptors (μOR, δOR, κOR, and NOPR) and a set of related endogenous opioid peptides (EOPs), which show distinct selectivity toward their respective opioid receptors (ORs). Despite being key to the development of safer analgesics, the mechanisms of molecular recognition and selectivity of EOPs to ORs remain unclear. Here, we systematically characterize the binding of EOPs to ORs and present five structures of EOP-OR-Gi complexes, including β-endorphin- and endomorphin-bound μOR, deltorphin-bound δOR, dynorphin-bound κOR, and nociceptin-bound NOPR. These structures, supported by biochemical results, uncover the specific recognition and selectivity of opioid peptides and the conserved mechanism of opioid receptor activation. These results provide a structural framework to facilitate rational design of safer opioid drugs for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - X Edward Zhou
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Qingning Yuan
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Weiyi Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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10
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Dmitrieva DA, Kotova TV, Safronova NA, Sadova AA, Dashevskii DE, Mishin AV. Protein Design Strategies for the Structural–Functional Studies of G Protein-Coupled Receptors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:S192-S226. [PMID: 37069121 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923140110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are an important family of membrane proteins responsible for many physiological functions in human body. High resolution GPCR structures are required to understand their molecular mechanisms and perform rational drug design, as GPCRs play a crucial role in a variety of diseases. That is difficult to obtain for the wild-type proteins because of their low stability. In this review, we discuss how this problem can be solved by using protein design strategies developed to obtain homogeneous stabilized GPCR samples for crystallization and cryoelectron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A Dmitrieva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kotova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Safronova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Sadova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Dashevskii
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.
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11
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Na V1.7 Channel Blocker [Ala 5, Phe 6, Leu 26, Arg 28]GpTx-1 Attenuates CFA-induced Inflammatory Hypersensitivity in Rats via Endogenous Enkephalin Mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 24:840-859. [PMID: 36586660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Venom-derived NaV1.7 channel blockers have promising prospects in pain management. The 34-residue tarantula peptide GpTx-1 is a potent NaV1.7 channel blocker. Its powerful analog [Ala5, Phe6, Leu26, Arg28]GpTx-1 (GpTx-1-71) displayed excellent NaV1.7 selectivity and analgesic properties in mice. The current study aimed to elucidate the anti-hyperalgesic activities of GpTx-1-71 in inflammatory pain and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that intrathecal and intraplantar injections of GpTx-1-71 dose-dependently attenuated CFA-induced inflammatory hypersensitivity in rats. Moreover, GpTx-1-71-induced anti-hyperalgesia was significantly reduced by opioid receptor antagonists and the enkephalin antibody and diminished in proenkephalin (Penk) gene knockout animals. Consistently, GpTx-1-71 treatment increased the enkephalin level in the spinal dorsal horn and promoted the Penk transcription and enkephalin release in primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, wherein sodium played a crucial role in these processes. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that GpTx-1-71 mainly promoted the secretion of Met-enkephalin but not Leu-enkephalin from DRG neurons. In addition, the combination of subtherapeutic Met-enkephalin and GpTx-1-71 produced synergistic anti-hyperalgesia in CFA-induced inflammatory hypersensitivity. These findings suggest that the endogenous enkephalin pathway is essential for GpTx-1-71-induced spinal and peripheral analgesia in inflammatory pain. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents a possible pharmacological mechanism underlying NaV1.7 blocker-induced analgesia in inflammatory pain, which helps us to better understand and develop venom-based painkillers for incurable pain.
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12
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Gamble MC, Williams BR, Singh N, Posa L, Freyberg Z, Logan RW, Puig S. Mu-opioid receptor and receptor tyrosine kinase crosstalk: Implications in mechanisms of opioid tolerance, reduced analgesia to neuropathic pain, dependence, and reward. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:1059089. [PMID: 36532632 PMCID: PMC9751598 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.1059089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the prevalence of opioid misuse, opioids remain the frontline treatment regimen for severe pain. However, opioid safety is hampered by side-effects such as analgesic tolerance, reduced analgesia to neuropathic pain, physical dependence, or reward. These side effects promote development of opioid use disorders and ultimately cause overdose deaths due to opioid-induced respiratory depression. The intertwined nature of signaling via μ-opioid receptors (MOR), the primary target of prescription opioids, with signaling pathways responsible for opioid side-effects presents important challenges. Therefore, a critical objective is to uncouple cellular and molecular mechanisms that selectively modulate analgesia from those that mediate side-effects. One such mechanism could be the transactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) via MOR. Notably, MOR-mediated side-effects can be uncoupled from analgesia signaling via targeting RTK family receptors, highlighting physiological relevance of MOR-RTKs crosstalk. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge surrounding the basic pharmacology of RTKs and bidirectional regulation of MOR signaling, as well as how MOR-RTK signaling may modulate undesirable effects of chronic opioid use, including opioid analgesic tolerance, reduced analgesia to neuropathic pain, physical dependence, and reward. Further research is needed to better understand RTK-MOR transactivation signaling pathways, and to determine if RTKs are a plausible therapeutic target for mitigating opioid side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie C. Gamble
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Navsharan Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Luca Posa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ryan W. Logan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Puig
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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13
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Zhu Y, Sun M, Liu P, Shao W, Xiong M, Xu B. Perioperative stress prolong post-surgical pain via miR-339-5p targeting oprm1 in the amygdala. Korean J Pain 2022; 35:423-432. [PMID: 36175341 PMCID: PMC9530683 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.4.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The decreased expression of mu-opioid receptors (MOR) in the amygdala may be a key molecular in chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). It is known that miR-339-5p expression in the amygdala of a stressed rat model was increased. Analyzed by RNAhybrid, miR-339-5p could target opioid receptor mu 1 (oprm1) which codes MOR directly. So, the authors hypothesized that miR-339-5p could regulate the expression of MOR via targeting oprm1 and cause the effects to CPSP. Methods To simulate perioperative short-term stress, a perioperative stress prolongs incision-induced pain hypersensitivity without changing basal pain perception rat model was built. A pmiR-RB-REPORT™ dual luciferase assay was taken to verify whether miR-339-5p could act on oprm1 as a target. The serum glucocorticoid level of rats was test. Differential expressions of MOR, GFAP, and pERK1/2 in each group of the rats' amygdala were tested, and the expressions of miR-339-5p in each group of rats' amygdalas were also measured. Results Perioperative stress prolonged the recovery time of incision pain. The expression of MOR was down-regulated in the amygdala of rats in stress + incision (S + IN) group significantly compared with other groups (P < 0.050). miR-339-5p was up-regulated in the amygdala of rats in group S + IN significantly compared with other groups (P < 0.050). miR-339-5p acts on oprm1 3'UTR and take MOR mRNA as a target. Conclusions Perioperative stress could increase the expression of miR-339-5p, and miR-339-5p could cause the expression of MOR to decrease via targeting oprm1. This regulatory pathway maybe an important molecular mechanism of CPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of The Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of The Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of The Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of The Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Peri-Operative Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of The Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Getsy PM, Baby SM, May WJ, Bates JN, Ellis CR, Feasel MG, Wilson CG, Lewis THJ, Gaston B, Hsieh YH, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine methyl ester overcomes the deleterious effects of morphine on ventilatory parameters and arterial blood-gas chemistry in unanesthetized rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968378. [PMID: 36249760 PMCID: PMC9554613 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We are developing a series of thiolesters that produce an immediate and sustained reversal of the deleterious effects of opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, on ventilation without diminishing the antinociceptive effects of these opioids. We report here the effects of systemic injections of L-cysteine methyl ester (L-CYSme) on morphine-induced changes in ventilatory parameters, arterial-blood gas (ABG) chemistry (pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2), Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient (i.e., the index of alveolar gas-exchange within the lungs), and antinociception in unanesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. The administration of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) produced a series of deleterious effects on ventilatory parameters, including sustained decreases in tidal volume, minute ventilation, inspiratory drive and peak inspiratory flow that were accompanied by a sustained increase in end inspiratory pause. A single injection of L-CYSme (500 μmol/kg, IV) produced a rapid and long-lasting reversal of the deleterious effects of morphine on ventilatory parameters, and a second injection of L-CYSme (500 μmol/kg, IV) elicited pronounced increases in ventilatory parameters, such as minute ventilation, to values well above pre-morphine levels. L-CYSme (250 or 500 μmol/kg, IV) also produced an immediate and sustained reversal of the deleterious effects of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) on arterial blood pH, pCO2, pO2, sO2 and A-a gradient, whereas L-cysteine (500 μmol/kg, IV) itself was inactive. L-CYSme (500 μmol/kg, IV) did not appear to modulate the sedative effects of morphine as measured by righting reflex times, but did diminish the duration, however, not the magnitude of the antinociceptive actions of morphine (5 or 10 mg/kg, IV) as determined in tail-flick latency and hindpaw-withdrawal latency assays. These findings provide evidence that L-CYSme can powerfully overcome the deleterious effects of morphine on breathing and gas-exchange in Sprague Dawley rats while not affecting the sedative or early stage antinociceptive effects of the opioid. The mechanisms by which L-CYSme interferes with the OR-induced signaling pathways that mediate the deleterious effects of morphine on ventilatory performance, and by which L-CYSme diminishes the late stage antinociceptive action of morphine remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Paulina M. Getsy,
| | | | - Walter J. May
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Christopher R. Ellis
- United States Army CCDC Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, United States
| | - Michael G. Feasel
- United States Army CCDC Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, United States
| | - Christopher G. Wilson
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Tristan H. J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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15
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Uenoyama Y, Tsuchida H, Nagae M, Inoue N, Tsukamura H. Opioidergic pathways and kisspeptin in the regulation of female reproduction in mammals. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:958377. [PMID: 36033602 PMCID: PMC9404872 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.958377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous opioid peptides have attracted attention as critical neuropeptides in the central mechanism regulating female reproduction ever since the discovery that arcuate dynorphin neurons that coexpress kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB), which are also known as kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons, play a role as a master regulator of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release in mammals. In this study, we first focus on the role of dynorphin released by KNDy neurons in the GnRH pulse generation. Second, we provide a historical overview of studies on endogenous opioid peptides. Third, we discuss how endogenous opioid peptides modulate tonic GnRH/gonadotropin release in female mammals as a mediator of inhibitory internal and external cues, such as ovarian steroids, nutritional status, or stress, on reproduction. Then, we discuss the role of endogenous opioid peptides in GnRH surge generation in female mammals.
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16
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Fullerton EF, Karom MC, Streicher JM, Young LJ, Murphy AZ. Age-Induced Changes in µ-Opioid Receptor Signaling in the Midbrain Periaqueductal Gray of Male and Female Rats. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6232-6242. [PMID: 35790399 PMCID: PMC9374133 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0355-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids have decreased analgesic potency (but not efficacy) in aged rodents compared with adults; however, the neural mechanisms underlying this attenuated response are not yet known. The present study investigated the impact of advanced age and biological sex on opioid signaling in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) in the presence of chronic inflammatory pain. Assays measuring µ-opioid receptor (MOR) radioligand binding, GTPγS binding, receptor phosphorylation, cAMP inhibition, and regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) protein expression were performed on vlPAG tissue from adult (2-3 months) and aged (16-18 months) male and female rats. Persistent inflammatory pain was induced by intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Adult males exhibited the highest MOR binding potential (BP) and highest G-protein activation (activation efficiency ratio) in comparison to aged males and females (adult and aged). No impact of advanced age or sex on MOR phosphorylation state was observed. DAMGO-induced cAMP inhibition was highest in the vlPAG of adult males compared with aged males and females (adult and aged). vlPAG levels of RGS4 and RGS9-2, critical for terminating G-protein signaling, were assessed using RNAscope. Adult rats (both males and females) exhibited lower levels of vlPAG RGS4 and RGS9-2 mRNA expression compared with aged males and females. The observed age-related reductions in vlPAG MOR BP, G-protein activation efficiency, and cAMP inhibition, along with the observed age-related increases in RGS4 and RGS9-2 vlPAG expression, provide potential mechanisms whereby the potency of opioids is decreased in the aged population.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Opioids have decreased analgesic potency (but not efficacy) in aged rodents compared with adults; however, the neural mechanisms underlying this attenuated response are not yet known. In the present study, we observed age-related reductions in ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) µ-opioid receptor (MOR) binding potential (BP), G-protein activation efficiency, and cAMP inhibition, along with the observed age-related increases in regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS)4 and RGS9-2 vlPAG expression, providing potential mechanisms whereby the potency of opioids is decreased in the aged population. These coordinated decreases in opioid receptor signaling may explain the previously reported reduced potency of opioids to produce pain relief in females and aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Fullerton
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
| | - Mary C Karom
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724
| | - Larry J Young
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Anne Z Murphy
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
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17
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Teuchmann HL, Hogri R, Heinke B, Sandkühler J. Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-Aversive Drugs Differentially Modulate Distinct Inputs to the Rat Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:1410-1426. [PMID: 35339662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.03.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) plays an important role in the processing and establishment of pain aversion. It receives direct input from the superficial dorsal horn and forms reciprocal connections with the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG), which is critical for adaptive behaviour and the modulation of pain processing. Here, using in situ hybridization and optogenetics combined with in vitro electrophysiology, we characterized the spinal- and PAG-LPBN circuits of rats. We found spinoparabrachial projections to be strictly glutamatergic, while PAG neurons send glutamatergic and GABAergic projections to the LPBN. We next investigated the effects of drugs with anti-aversive and/or anti-nociceptive properties on these synapses: The µ-opioid receptor agonist DAMGO (10 µM) reduced spinal and PAG synaptic inputs onto LPBN neurons, and the excitability of LPBN neurons receiving these inputs. The benzodiazepine receptor agonist diazepam (5 µM) strongly enhanced GABAergic action at inhibitory PAG-LPBN synapses. The cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 (5 µM) led to a reduction in inhibitory and excitatory PAG-LPBN synaptic transmission, without affecting excitatory spinoparabrachial synaptic transmission. Our study reveals that opioid, cannabinoid and benzodiazepine receptor agonists differentially affect distinct LPBN synapses. These findings may support the efforts to develop pinpointed therapies for pain patients. PERSPECTIVE: The LPBN is an important brain region for the control of pain aversion versus recuperation, and as such constitutes a promising target for developing new strategies for pain management. We show that clinically-relevant drugs have complex and pathway-specific effects on LPBN processing of putative nociceptive and aversive inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Luise Teuchmann
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roni Hogri
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Heinke
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Sandkühler
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Opioids and Vitamin C: Known Interactions and Potential for Redox-Signaling Crosstalk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071267. [PMID: 35883757 PMCID: PMC9312198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are among the most widely used classes of pharmacologically active compounds both clinically and recreationally. Beyond their analgesic efficacy via μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonism, a prominent side effect is central respiratory depression, leading to systemic hypoxia and free radical generation. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid; AA) is an essential antioxidant vitamin and is involved in the recycling of redox cofactors associated with inflammation. While AA has been shown to reduce some of the negative side effects of opioids, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored. The present review seeks to provide a signaling framework under which MOR activation and AA may interact. AA can directly quench reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by opioids, yet this activity alone does not sufficiently describe observations. Downstream of MOR activation, confounding effects from AA with STAT3, HIF1α, and NF-κB have the potential to block production of antioxidant proteins such as nitric oxide synthase and superoxide dismutase. Further mechanistic research is necessary to understand the underlying signaling crosstalk of MOR activation and AA in the amelioration of the negative, potentially fatal side effects of opioids.
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19
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Getsy PM, Baby SM, May WJ, Young AP, Gaston B, Hodges MR, Forster HV, Bates JN, Wilson CG, Lewis THJ, Hsieh YH, Lewis SJ. D-Cysteine Ethyl Ester Reverses the Deleterious Effects of Morphine on Breathing and Arterial Blood-Gas Chemistry in Freely-Moving Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:883329. [PMID: 35814208 PMCID: PMC9260251 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.883329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrant thiol esters including the disulfides, D-cystine diethyl ester and D-cystine dimethyl ester, and the monosulfide, L-glutathione ethyl ester, prevent and/or reverse the deleterious effects of opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, on breathing and gas exchange within the lungs of unanesthetized/unrestrained rats without diminishing the antinociceptive or sedative effects of opioids. We describe here the effects of the monosulfide thiol ester, D-cysteine ethyl ester (D-CYSee), on intravenous morphine-induced changes in ventilatory parameters, arterial blood-gas chemistry, alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient (i.e., index of gas exchange in the lungs), and sedation and antinociception in freely-moving rats. The bolus injection of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) elicited deleterious effects on breathing, including depression of tidal volume, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory flow, and inspiratory drive. Subsequent injections of D-CYSee (2 × 500 μmol/kg, IV, given 15 min apart) elicited an immediate and sustained reversal of these effects of morphine. Morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) also A-a gradient, which caused a mismatch in ventilation perfusion within the lungs, and elicited pronounced changes in arterial blood-gas chemistry, including pronounced decreases in arterial blood pH, pO2 and sO2, and equally pronounced increases in pCO2 (all responses indicative of decreased ventilatory drive). These deleterious effects of morphine were immediately reversed by the injection of a single dose of D-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV). Importantly, the sedation and antinociception elicited by morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) were minimally affected by D-CYSee (500 μmol/kg, IV). In contrast, none of the effects of morphine were affected by administration of the parent thiol, D-cysteine (1 or 2 doses of 500 μmol/kg, IV). Taken together, these data suggest that D-CYSee may exert its beneficial effects via entry into cells that mediate the deleterious effects of opioids on breathing and gas exchange. Whether D-CYSee acts as a respiratory stimulant or counteracts the inhibitory actions of µ-opioid receptor activation remains to be determined. In conclusion, D-CYSee and related thiol esters may have clinical potential for the reversal of the adverse effects of opioids on breathing and gas exchange, while largely sparing antinociception and sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Department of Drug Discovery, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Walter J. May
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Alex P. Young
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew R. Hodges
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Hubert V. Forster
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Christopher G. Wilson
- Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Tristan H. J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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20
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Cox BM, Toll L. Contributions of the International Narcotics Research Conference to Opioid Research Over the Past 50 years. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2022; 2:10115. [PMID: 38390618 PMCID: PMC10880772 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2022.10115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The International Narcotics Research Conference (INRC), founded in 1969, has been a successful forum for research into the actions of opiates, with an annual conference since 1971. Every year, scientists from around the world have congregated to present the latest data on novel opiates, opiate receptors and endogenous ligands, mechanisms of analgesic activity and unwanted side effects, etc. All the important discoveries in the opiate field were discussed, often first, at the annual INRC meeting. With an apology to important events and participants not discussed, this review presents a short history of INRC with a discussion of groundbreaking discoveries in the opiate field and the researchers who presented from the first meeting up to the present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Cox
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lawrence Toll
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
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21
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Characterization of recent non-fentanyl synthetic opioids via three different in vitro µ-opioid receptor activation assays. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:877-897. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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22
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Shedding Light on the Pharmacological Interactions between μ-Opioid Analgesics and Angiotensin Receptor Modulators: A New Option for Treating Chronic Pain. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206168. [PMID: 34684749 PMCID: PMC8537077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current protocols for neuropathic pain management include µ-opioid receptor (MOR) analgesics alongside other drugs; however, there is debate on the effectiveness of opioids. Nevertheless, dose escalation is required to maintain their analgesia, which, in turn, contributes to a further increase in opioid side effects. Finding novel approaches to effectively control chronic pain, particularly neuropathic pain, is a great challenge clinically. Literature data related to pain transmission reveal that angiotensin and its receptors (the AT1R, AT2R, and MAS receptors) could affect the nociception both in the periphery and CNS. The MOR and angiotensin receptors or drugs interacting with these receptors have been independently investigated in relation to analgesia. However, the interaction between the MOR and angiotensin receptors has not been excessively studied in chronic pain, particularly neuropathy. This review aims to shed light on existing literature information in relation to the analgesic action of AT1R and AT2R or MASR ligands in neuropathic pain conditions. Finally, based on literature data, we can hypothesize that combining MOR agonists with AT1R or AT2R antagonists might improve analgesia.
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Palmer CB, Meyrath M, Canals M, Kostenis E, Chevigné A, Szpakowska M. Atypical opioid receptors: unconventional biology and therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108014. [PMID: 34624426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous opioid peptides and prescription opioid drugs modulate pain, anxiety and stress by activating four opioid receptors, namely μ (mu, MOP), δ (delta, DOP), κ (kappa, KOP) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP). Interestingly, several other receptors are also activated by endogenous opioid peptides and influence opioid-driven signaling and biology. However, they do not meet the criteria to be recognized as classical opioid receptors, as they are phylogenetically distant from them and are insensitive to classical non-selective opioid receptor antagonists (e.g. naloxone). Nevertheless, accumulating reports suggest that these receptors may be interesting alternative targets, especially for the development of safer analgesics. Five of these opioid peptide-binding receptors belong to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)-two are members of the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X family (MrgX1, MrgX2), two of the bradykinin receptor family (B1, B2), and one is an atypical chemokine receptor (ACKR3). Additionally, the ion channel N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are also activated by opioid peptides. In this review, we recapitulate the implication of these alternative receptors in opioid-related disorders and discuss their unconventional biology, with members displaying signaling to scavenging properties. We provide an overview of their established and emerging roles and pharmacology in the context of pain management, as well as their clinical relevance as alternative targets to overcome the hurdles of chronic opioid use. Given the involvement of these receptors in a wide variety of functions, including inflammation, chemotaxis, anaphylaxis or synaptic transmission and plasticity, we also discuss the challenges associated with the modulation of both their canonical and opioid-driven signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie B Palmer
- Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Max Meyrath
- Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Meritxell Canals
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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24
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Bouchet CA, McPherson KB, Li MH, Traynor JR, Ingram SL. Mice Expressing Regulators of G protein Signaling-insensitive Gαo Define Roles of μ Opioid Receptor G αo and G αi Subunit Coupling in Inhibition of Presynaptic GABA Release. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:217-223. [PMID: 34135098 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins modulate signaling by G protein-coupled receptors. Using a knock-in transgenic mouse model with a mutation in Gαo that does not bind RGS proteins (RGS-insensitive), we determined the effect of RGS proteins on presynaptic μ opioid receptor (MOR)-mediated inhibition of GABA release in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). The MOR agonists [d-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) and met-enkephalin (ME) inhibited evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (eIPSCs) in the RGS-insensitive mice compared with wild-type (WT) littermates, respectively. Fentanyl inhibited eIPSCs similarly in both WT and RGS-insensitive mice. There were no differences in opioid agonist inhibition of spontaneous GABA release between the genotypes. To further probe the mechanism underlying these differences between opioid inhibition of evoked and spontaneous GABA release, specific myristoylated Gα peptide inhibitors for Gαo1 and Gαi1-3 that block receptor-G protein interactions were used to test the preference of agonists for MOR-Gα complexes. The Gαo1 inhibitor reduced DAMGO inhibition of eIPSCs, but Gαi1-3 inhibitors had no effect. Both Gαo1 and Gαi1-3 inhibitors separately reduced fentanyl inhibition of eIPSCs but had no effects on ME inhibition. Gαi1-3 inhibitors blocked the inhibitory effects of ME and fentanyl on miniature postsynaptic current (mIPSC) frequency, but both Gαo1 and Gαi1-3 inhibitors were needed to block the effects of DAMGO. Finally, baclofen-mediated inhibition of GABA release is unaffected in the RGS-insensitive mice and in the presence of Gαo1 and Gαi1-3 inhibitor peptides, suggesting that GABAB receptor coupling to G proteins in vlPAG presynaptic terminals is different than MOR coupling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Presynaptic μ opioid receptors (MORs) in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray are critical for opioid analgesia and are negatively regulated by RGS proteins. These data in RGS-insensitive mice provide evidence that MOR agonists differ in preference for Gαo versus Gαi and regulation by RGS proteins in presynaptic terminals, providing a mechanism for functional selectivity between agonists. The results further define important differences in MOR and GABAB receptor coupling to G proteins that could be exploited for new pain therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Bouchet
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (C.A.B., K.B.M., M.L., S.L.I.); and Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, Medical School, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (J.R.T.)
| | - Kylie B McPherson
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (C.A.B., K.B.M., M.L., S.L.I.); and Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, Medical School, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (J.R.T.)
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (C.A.B., K.B.M., M.L., S.L.I.); and Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, Medical School, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (J.R.T.)
| | - John R Traynor
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (C.A.B., K.B.M., M.L., S.L.I.); and Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, Medical School, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (J.R.T.)
| | - Susan L Ingram
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon (C.A.B., K.B.M., M.L., S.L.I.); and Department of Pharmacology and Edward F. Domino Research Center, Medical School, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (J.R.T.)
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25
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Gaston B, Baby SM, May WJ, Young AP, Grossfield A, Bates JN, Seckler JM, Wilson CG, Lewis SJ. D-Cystine di(m)ethyl ester reverses the deleterious effects of morphine on ventilation and arterial blood gas chemistry while promoting antinociception. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10038. [PMID: 33976311 PMCID: PMC8113454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified thiolesters that reverse the negative effects of opioids on breathing without compromising antinociception. Here we report the effects of D-cystine diethyl ester (D-cystine diEE) or D-cystine dimethyl ester (D-cystine diME) on morphine-induced changes in ventilation, arterial-blood gas chemistry, A-a gradient (index of gas-exchange in the lungs) and antinociception in freely moving rats. Injection of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) elicited negative effects on breathing (e.g., depression of tidal volume, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory flow, and inspiratory drive). Subsequent injection of D-cystine diEE (500 μmol/kg, IV) elicited an immediate and sustained reversal of these effects of morphine. Injection of morphine (10 mg/kg, IV) also elicited pronounced decreases in arterial blood pH, pO2 and sO2 accompanied by pronounced increases in pCO2 (all indicative of a decrease in ventilatory drive) and A-a gradient (mismatch in ventilation-perfusion in the lungs). These effects of morphine were reversed in an immediate and sustained fashion by D-cystine diME (500 μmol/kg, IV). Finally, the duration of morphine (5 and 10 mg/kg, IV) antinociception was augmented by D-cystine diEE. D-cystine diEE and D-cystine diME may be clinically useful agents that can effectively reverse the negative effects of morphine on breathing and gas-exchange in the lungs while promoting antinociception. Our study suggests that the D-cystine thiolesters are able to differentially modulate the intracellular signaling cascades that mediate morphine-induced ventilatory depression as opposed to those that mediate morphine-induced antinociception and sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gaston
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Santhosh M Baby
- Translational Sciences Treatment Discovery, Galvani Bioelectronics, Inc., 1250 S Collegeville Rd., Collegeville, PA, 1r9426, USA
| | - Walter J May
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Alex P Young
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Alan Grossfield
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - James N Bates
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - James M Seckler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Christopher G Wilson
- Basic Sciences, Division of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Stephen J Lewis
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4984, USA.
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26
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Brejchova J, Holan V, Svoboda P. Expression of Opioid Receptors in Cells of the Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E315. [PMID: 33396783 PMCID: PMC7795304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The observation of the immunomodulatory effects of opioid drugs opened the discussion about possible mechanisms of action and led researchers to consider the presence of opioid receptors (OR) in cells of the immune system. To date, numerous studies analyzing the expression of OR subtypes in animal and human immune cells have been performed. Some of them confirmed the expression of OR at both the mRNA and protein level, while others did not detect the receptor mRNA either. Although this topic remains controversial, further studies are constantly being published. The most recent articles suggested that the expression level of OR in human peripheral blood lymphocytes could help to evaluate the success of methadone maintenance therapy in former opioid addicts, or could serve as a biomarker for chronic pain diagnosis. However, the applicability of these findings to clinical practice needs to be verified by further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Brejchova
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vladimir Holan
- Department of Nanotoxicology and Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
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27
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Projections from the nucleus accumbens shell to the ventral pallidum are involved in the control of sucrose intake in adult female rats. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:2815-2839. [PMID: 33124673 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In rodents, stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) directly or via its projection to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) attenuates food intake. The ventral pallidum (VP) receives dense projections from the AcbSh and is sensitive to the hedonic aspect of food and motivation for reward. However, the role of accumbal projections to the VP in the regulation of food intake was not well investigated. In the present study conducted on female rats, we examined the effects of stimulation of the AcbSh using optogenetics, or pharmacological inhibition of the rostral VP, or stimulation of projections from the AcbSh to the rostral VP using optogenetics on the consumption of 10% sucrose, lick microstructure and the expression of c-fos mRNA. Stimulation of the AcbSh, inhibition of the rostral VP with muscimol, or stimulation of axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP resulted in a decrease in sucrose intake, meal duration, and total number of licks. The licking microstructure analysis showed that optogenetic stimulation of AcbSh or axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP decreased the hedonic value of the sucrose. However, inhibition of the rostral VP decreased the motivation, whereas stimulation of the accumbal projections in the rostral VP increased the motivation to drink. This difference could be due to differential involvement of GABAergic and glutamatergic VP neurons. Stimulation of the AcbSh resulted in a decrease of c-fos mRNA expression in the LH and rostral VP, and stimulation of axonal terminals from the AcbSh to the rostral VP decreased c-fos mRNA expression only in the rostral VP. This study demonstrates that in adult female rats, in addition to the already known role of the AcbSh projections to the LH, AcbSh projections to the VP play a major role in the regulation of sucrose intake.
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28
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Meyrath M, Szpakowska M, Zeiner J, Massotte L, Merz MP, Benkel T, Simon K, Ohnmacht J, Turner JD, Krüger R, Seutin V, Ollert M, Kostenis E, Chevigné A. The atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3/CXCR7 is a broad-spectrum scavenger for opioid peptides. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3033. [PMID: 32561830 PMCID: PMC7305236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous opioid peptides and prescription opioid drugs modulate pain, anxiety and stress by activating opioid receptors, currently classified into four subtypes. Here we demonstrate that ACKR3/CXCR7, hitherto known as an atypical scavenger receptor for chemokines, is a broad-spectrum scavenger of opioid peptides. Phylogenetically, ACKR3 is intermediate between chemokine and opioid receptors and is present in various brain regions together with classical opioid receptors. Functionally, ACKR3 is a scavenger receptor for a wide variety of opioid peptides, especially enkephalins and dynorphins, reducing their availability for the classical opioid receptors. ACKR3 is not modulated by prescription opioids, but we show that an ACKR3-selective subnanomolar competitor peptide, LIH383, can restrain ACKR3’s negative regulatory function on opioid peptides in rat brain and potentiate their activity towards classical receptors, which may open alternative therapeutic avenues for opioid-related disorders. Altogether, our results reveal that ACKR3 is an atypical opioid receptor with cross-family ligand selectivity. Opioids modulate pain, anxiety and stress by activating four subtypes of opioid receptors. The authors show that atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) is a scavenger for various endogenous opioid peptides regulating their availability without activating downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Meyrath
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Julian Zeiner
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laurent Massotte
- Neurophysiology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, avenue de l'hopital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Myriam P Merz
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Tobias Benkel
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Simon
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jochen Ohnmacht
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, avenue du Swing 6, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, avenue du Swing 6, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jonathan D Turner
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, avenue du Swing 6, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Thomas Edison 1A-B, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Vincent Seutin
- Neurophysiology Unit, GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, avenue de l'hopital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Evi Kostenis
- Molecular, Cellular and Pharmacobiology Section, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), rue Henri Koch 29, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
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29
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de Waal PW, Shi J, You E, Wang X, Melcher K, Jiang Y, Xu HE, Dickson BM. Molecular mechanisms of fentanyl mediated β-arrestin biased signaling. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007394. [PMID: 32275713 PMCID: PMC7176292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel analgesics with improved safety profiles to combat the opioid epidemic represents a central question to G protein coupled receptor structural biology and pharmacology: What chemical features dictate G protein or β-arrestin signaling? Here we use adaptively biased molecular dynamics simulations to determine how fentanyl, a potent β-arrestin biased agonist, binds the μ-opioid receptor (μOR). The resulting fentanyl-bound pose provides rational insight into a wealth of historical structure-activity-relationship on its chemical scaffold. Following an in-silico derived hypothesis we found that fentanyl and the synthetic opioid peptide DAMGO require M153 to induce β-arrestin coupling, while M153 was dispensable for G protein coupling. We propose and validate an activation mechanism where the n-aniline ring of fentanyl mediates μOR β-arrestin through a novel M153 “microswitch” by synthesizing fentanyl-based derivatives that exhibit complete, clinically desirable, G protein biased coupling. Together, these results provide molecular insight into fentanyl mediated β-arrestin biased signaling and a rational framework for further optimization of fentanyl-based analgesics with improved safety profiles. The global opioid crisis has drawn significant attention to the risks associated with over-use of synthetic opioids. Despite the public attention, and perhaps in-line with the profit-based incentives of the pharmaceutical industry, there is no public structure of mu-opioid receptor bound to fentanyl or fentanyl derivatives. A publicly available structure of the complex would allow open-source development of safer painkillers and synthetic antagonists. Current overdose antidotes, antagonists, require natural products in their synthesis which persists a sizable barrier to market and develop better antidotes. In this work we use advance molecular dynamics techniques to obtain the bound geometry of mu-opioid receptor with fentanyl (and derivatives) and uncovered a novel molecular switch involved in receptor activation. Based on our in-silico structure, we synthesized and tested novel compounds to validate our predicted structure. Herein we report the bound state of several dangerous fentanyl derivatives and introduce new derivatives with signaling profiles that may lead to lower risk of respiratory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker W. de Waal
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Innovation and Integration Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jingjing Shi
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Erli You
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxi Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Innovation and Integration Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yi Jiang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YJ); (HEX); (BMD)
| | - H. Eric Xu
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Innovation and Integration Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YJ); (HEX); (BMD)
| | - Bradley M. Dickson
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YJ); (HEX); (BMD)
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30
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Sachdev S, Banister SD, Santiago M, Bladen C, Kassiou M, Connor M. Differential activation of G protein-mediated signaling by synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00566. [PMID: 32101383 PMCID: PMC7043210 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are new psychoactive substances associated with acute intoxication and even death. However, the molecular mechanisms through which SCRAs may exert their toxic effects remain unclear-including the potential differential activation of G protein subtypes by cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), a major target of SCRA. We measured CB1-mediated activation of Gαs and Gαi/o proteins by SCRAs by examining stimulation (pertussis toxin, PTX treated) as well as inhibition (non-PTX treated) of forskolin (FSK)-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably expressing CB1. Real-time measurements of stimulation and inhibition of cAMP levels were made using a BRET biosensor. We found that the maximum concentration of SCRAs tested (10 µmol L-1 ), increased cAMP levels 12%-45% above that produced by FSK alone, while the phytocannabinoid THC did not significantly alter cAMP levels in PTX-treated HEK-CB1 cells. All SCRAs had greater potency to inhibit FSK-induced cAMP levels than to stimulate cAMP levels. The rank order of potencies for SCRA stimulation of cAMP (Gαs ) was PB-22 > 5F-MDMB-PICA > JWH-018 ≈ AB-FUBINACA > XLR-11. By contrast, the potency of SCRAs for inhibition of cAMP (Gαi/o ) was 5F-MDMB-PICA > AB-FUBINACA > PB-22 > JWH-018 > XLR-11. The different rank order of potency and EMax of the SCRAs to stimulate Gαs -like signaling compared to Gαi/o signaling suggests differences in G protein preference between SCRAs. Understanding the apparent differences among these drugs may contribute to unravelling their complex effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sachdev
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Samuel D. Banister
- The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Marina Santiago
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Chris Bladen
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Mark Connor
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
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31
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Activation of the α 2B adrenoceptor by the sedative sympatholytic dexmedetomidine. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:507-512. [PMID: 32152538 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The α2 adrenergic receptors (α2ARs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to adrenaline and noradrenaline and couple to the Gi/o family of G proteins. α2ARs play important roles in regulating the sympathetic nervous system. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2AR agonist used in post-operative patients as an anxiety-reducing, sedative medicine that decreases the requirement for opioids. As is typical for selective αAR agonists, dexmedetomidine consists of an imidazole ring and a substituted benzene moiety lacking polar groups, which is in contrast to βAR-selective agonists, which share an ethanolamine group and an aromatic system with polar, hydrogen-bonding substituents. To better understand the structural basis for the selectivity and efficacy of adrenergic agonists, we determined the structure of the α2BAR in complex with dexmedetomidine and Go at a resolution of 2.9 Å by single-particle cryo-EM. The structure reveals the mechanism of α2AR-selective activation and provides insights into Gi/o coupling specificity.
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32
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Targowska-Duda KM, Ozawa A, Bertels Z, Cippitelli A, Marcus JL, Mielke-Maday HK, Zribi G, Rainey AN, Kieffer BL, Pradhan AA, Toll L. NOP receptor agonist attenuates nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like symptoms in mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108029. [PMID: 32278976 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is an extraordinarily prevalent and disabling headache disorder that affects one billion people worldwide. Throbbing pain is one of several migraine symptoms including sensitivity to light (photophobia), sometimes to sounds, smell and touch. The basic mechanisms underlying migraine remain inadequately understood, and current treatments (with triptans being the primary standard of care) are not well tolerated by some patients. NOP (Nociceptin OPioid) receptors, the fourth member of the opioid receptor family, are expressed in the brain and periphery with particularly high expression known to be in trigeminal ganglia (TG). The aim of our study was to further explore the involvement of the NOP receptor system in migraine. To this end, we used immunohistochemistry to examine NOP receptor distribution in TG and trigeminal nucleus caudalus (TNC) in mice, including colocalization with specific cellular markers, and used nitroglycerin (NTG) models of migraine to assess the influence of the selective NOP receptor agonist, Ro 64-6198, on NTG-induced pain (sensitivity of paw and head using von Frey filaments) and photophobia in mice. Our immunohistochemical studies with NOP-eGFP knock-in mice indicate that NOP receptors are on the majority of neurons in the TG and are also very highly expressed in the TNC. In addition, Ro 64-6198 can dose dependently block NTG-induced paw and head allodynia, an effect that is blocked by the NOP antagonist, SB-612111. Moreover, Ro 64-6198, can decrease NTG-induced light sensitivity in mice. These results suggest that NOP receptor agonists should be futher explored as treatment for migraine symptoms. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Targowska-Duda
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States; Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Akihiko Ozawa
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Zachariah Bertels
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrea Cippitelli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Jason L Marcus
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Hanna K Mielke-Maday
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Gilles Zribi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Amanda N Rainey
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Dep. of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amynah A Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lawrence Toll
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States.
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33
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Jafarova Demirkapu M, Yananlı HR, Kaleli M, Sakalli HE, Gören MZ, Topkara B. The role of adenosine A1 receptors in the nucleus accumbens during morphine withdrawal. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:553-560. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Raci Yananlı
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melisa Kaleli
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Zafer Gören
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine University of Marmara Istanbul Turkey
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34
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Puryear CB, Brooks J, Tan L, Smith K, Li Y, Cunningham J, Todtenkopf MS, Dean RL, Sanchez C. Opioid receptor modulation of neural circuits in depression: What can be learned from preclinical data? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:658-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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35
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Schoos A, Gabriel C, Knab VM, Fux DA. Activation of HIF-1 α by δ-Opioid Receptors Induces COX-2 Expression in Breast Cancer Cells and Leads to Paracrine Activation of Vascular Endothelial Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:480-489. [PMID: 31300611 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids promote tumor angiogenesis in mammary malignancies, but the underlying signaling mechanism is largely unknown. The current study investigated the hypothesis that stimulation of δ-opioid receptors (DOR) in breast cancer (BCa) cells activates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), which triggers synthesis and release of diverse angiogenic factors. Immunoblotting revealed that incubation of human MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells with the DOR agonist d-Ala2,d-Leu5-enkephalin (DADLE) resulted in a transient accumulation and thus activation of HIF-1α DADLE-induced HIF-1α activation preceded PI3K/Akt stimulation and was blocked by the DOR antagonist naltrindole and naloxone, pertussis toxin, different phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and the Akt inhibitor Akti-1/2. Whereas DADLE exposure had no effect on the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in BCa cells, an increased abundance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was detected. DADLE-induced COX-2 expression was also observed in three-dimensional cultured MCF-7 cells and impaired by PI3K/Akt inhibitors and the HIF-1α inhibitor echinomycin. Supernatant from DADLE-treated MCF-7 cells triggered sprouting of endothelial (END) cells, which was blocked when MCF-7 cells were pretreated with echinomycin or the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib. Also no sprouting was observed when END cells were exposed to the PGE2 receptor antagonist PF-04418948. The findings together indicate that DOR stimulation in BCa cells leads to PI3K/Akt-dependent HIF-1α activation and COX-2 expression, which trigger END cell sprouting by paracrine activation of PGE2 receptors. These findings provide a potential mechanism of opioid-driven tumor angiogenesis and thus therapeutic targets to combat the tumor-angiogenic opioid effect. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Opioids are indispensable analgesics for treating cancer-related pain. However, opioids were found to promote tumor growth and metastasis, which questions the use of these potent pain-relieving drugs in cancer patients. Enhanced tumor vascularization after opioid treatment implies that tumor progression results from angiogenic opioid effects. Thus, understanding the signaling mechanism of opioid-driven tumor angiogenesis helps to identify therapeutic targets to combat these undesired tumor effects. The present study reveals that stimulation of δ-opioid receptors in breast cancer cells leads to an activation of HIF-1α and expression of COX-2 via PI3K/Akt stimulation, which results in a paracrine activation of vascular endothelial cells by prostaglandin E2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schoos
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cordula Gabriel
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa M Knab
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela A Fux
- Division Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.S., V.M.K., D.A.F.) and Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine (C.G.), University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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36
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Kumar S, Mohapatra AN, Sharma HP, Singh UA, Kambi NA, Velpandian T, Rajan R, Iyengar S. Altering Opioid Neuromodulation in the Songbird Basal Ganglia Modulates Vocalizations. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:671. [PMID: 31333400 PMCID: PMC6618663 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the interplay between endogenous opioids and dopamine (DA) in the basal ganglia (BG) is known to underlie diverse motor functions, few studies exist on their role in modulating speech and vocalization. Vocal impairment is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), wherein DA depletion affects striosomes rich in μ-opioid receptors (μ-ORs). Symptoms of opioid addiction also include deficiencies in verbal functions and speech. To understand the interplay between the opioid system and BG in vocalization, we used adult male songbirds wherein high levels of μ-ORs are expressed in Area X, a BG region which is part of a circuit similar to the mammalian thalamocortical-basal ganglia loop. Changes in DA, glutamate and GABA levels were analyzed during the infusion of different doses of the μ-OR antagonist naloxone (50 and 100 ng/ml) specifically in Area X. Blocking μ-ORs in Area X with 100 ng/ml naloxone led to increased levels of DA in this region without altering the number of songs directed toward females (FD). Interestingly, this manipulation also led to changes in the spectro-temporal properties of FD songs, suggesting that altered opioid modulation in the thalamocortical-basal ganglia circuit can affect vocalization. Our study suggests that songbirds are excellent model systems to explore how the interplay between μ-ORs and DA modulation in the BG affects speech/vocalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanuman Prasad Sharma
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. R. P. Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Thirumurthy Velpandian
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Dr. R. P. Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raghav Rajan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Pune, India
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37
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Raffa RB, Taylor R, Pergolizzi JV. Treating opioid‐induced constipation in patients taking other medications: Avoiding CYP450 drug interactions. J Clin Pharm Ther 2019; 44:361-371. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. Raffa
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy Tucson Arizona
- Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Neumentum Inc Palo Alto California
- The NEMA Research Group Naples Florida
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38
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Krishna Kumar K, Shalev-Benami M, Robertson MJ, Hu H, Banister SD, Hollingsworth SA, Latorraca NR, Kato HE, Hilger D, Maeda S, Weis WI, Farrens DL, Dror RO, Malhotra SV, Kobilka BK, Skiniotis G. Structure of a Signaling Cannabinoid Receptor 1-G Protein Complex. Cell 2019; 176:448-458.e12. [PMID: 30639101 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cannabis elicits its mood-enhancing and analgesic effects through the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that signals primarily through the adenylyl cyclase-inhibiting heterotrimeric G protein Gi. Activation of CB1-Gi signaling pathways holds potential for treating a number of neurological disorders and is thus crucial to understand the mechanism of Gi activation by CB1. Here, we present the structure of the CB1-Gi signaling complex bound to the highly potent agonist MDMB-Fubinaca (FUB), a recently emerged illicit synthetic cannabinoid infused in street drugs that have been associated with numerous overdoses and fatalities. The structure illustrates how FUB stabilizes the receptor in an active state to facilitate nucleotide exchange in Gi. The results compose the structural framework to explain CB1 activation by different classes of ligands and provide insights into the G protein coupling and selectivity mechanisms adopted by the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaavya Krishna Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Moran Shalev-Benami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hongli Hu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samuel D Banister
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Scott A Hollingsworth
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Naomi R Latorraca
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hideaki E Kato
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel Hilger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shoji Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - William I Weis
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Photon Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - David L Farrens
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Ron O Dror
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sanjay V Malhotra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Photon Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
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39
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Abstract
Whilst the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor (NOP) has similar intracellular coupling mechanisms to opioid receptors, it has distinct modulatory effects on physiological functions such as pain. These actions range from agonistic to antagonistic interactions with classical opioids within the spinal cord and brain, respectively. Understanding the electrophysiological actions of N/OFQ has been crucial in ascertaining the mechanisms by which these agonistic and antagonistic interactions occur. These similarities and differences between N/OFQ and opioids are due to the relative location of NOP versus opioid receptors on specific neuronal elements within these CNS regions. These mechanisms result in varied cellular actions including postsynaptic modulation of ion channels and presynaptic regulation of neurotransmitter release.
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40
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Koehl A, Hu H, Maeda S, Zhang Y, Qu Q, Paggi JM, Latorraca NR, Hilger D, Dawson R, Matile H, Schertler GFX, Granier S, Weis WI, Dror RO, Manglik A, Skiniotis G, Kobilka BK. Structure of the µ-opioid receptor-G i protein complex. Nature 2018; 558:547-552. [PMID: 29899455 PMCID: PMC6317904 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The μ-opioid receptor (μOR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and the target of most clinically and recreationally used opioids. The induced positive effects of analgesia and euphoria are mediated by μOR signalling through the adenylyl cyclase-inhibiting heterotrimeric G protein Gi. Here we present the 3.5 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the μOR bound to the agonist peptide DAMGO and nucleotide-free Gi. DAMGO occupies the morphinan ligand pocket, with its N terminus interacting with conserved receptor residues and its C terminus engaging regions important for opioid-ligand selectivity. Comparison of the μOR-Gi complex to previously determined structures of other GPCRs bound to the stimulatory G protein Gs reveals differences in the position of transmembrane receptor helix 6 and in the interactions between the G protein α-subunit and the receptor core. Together, these results shed light on the structural features that contribute to the Gi protein-coupling specificity of the µOR.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- Cryoelectron Microscopy
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/chemistry
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/ultrastructure
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/chemistry
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/metabolism
- Humans
- Ligands
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Morphinans/chemistry
- Morphinans/metabolism
- Protein Stability/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/chemistry
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/chemistry
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/ultrastructure
- Substrate Specificity
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Koehl
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hongli Hu
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shoji Maeda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qianhui Qu
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph M Paggi
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Naomi R Latorraca
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Hilger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roger Dawson
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Matile
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F.Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gebhard F X Schertler
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - William I Weis
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ron O Dror
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aashish Manglik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Analysis of natural product regulation of opioid receptors in the treatment of human disease. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 184:51-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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42
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Frontal cortex dysfunction as a target for remediation in opiate use disorder: Role in cognitive dysfunction and disordered reward systems. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 239:179-227. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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43
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Ujcikova H, Vosahlikova M, Roubalova L, Svoboda P. Proteomic analysis of protein composition of rat forebrain cortex exposed to morphine for 10 days; comparison with animals exposed to morphine and subsequently nurtured for 20 days in the absence of this drug. J Proteomics 2016; 145:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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44
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Lerch MM, Hansen MJ, van Dam GM, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Emerging Targets in Photopharmacology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10978-99. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mickel J. Hansen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Intensive Care, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen The Netherlands
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Lerch MM, Hansen MJ, van Dam GM, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Neue Ziele für die Photopharmakologie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Lerch
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
| | - Mickel J. Hansen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
| | - Gooitzen M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Intensive Care, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen; University Medical Center Groningen; Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen Niederlande
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Ultralow Dose of Naloxone as an Adjuvant to Intrathecal Morphine Infusion Improves Perceived Quality of Sleep but Fails to Alter Persistent Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Study. Clin J Pain 2016; 31:968-75. [PMID: 25629634 PMCID: PMC4894772 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Introduction: This randomized, cross-over, double-blind, controlled study of continuous intrathecal morphine administration in patients with severe, long-term pain addresses whether the supplementation of low doses of naloxone in this setting is associated with beneficial clinical effects. Methods: All of the study subjects (n=11) provided informed consent and were recruited from a subset of patients who were already undergoing long-term treatment with continuous intrathecal morphine because of difficult-to-treat pain. The patients were (in a randomized order) also given intrathecal naloxone (40 ng/24 h or 400 ng/24 h). As control, the patients’ ordinary dose of morphine without any additions was used. The pain (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) during activity, perceived quality of sleep, level of activity, and quality of life as well as the levels of several proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood were assessed. The prestudy pain (NRS during activity) in the study group ranged from 3 to 10. Results: A total of 64% of the subjects reported improved quality of sleep during treatment with naloxone at a dose of 40 ng per 24 hours as compared with 9% with sham treatment (P=0.024). Although not statistically significant, pain was reduced by 2 NRS steps or more during supplemental treatment with naloxone in 36% of subjects when using the 40 ng per 24 hours dose and in 18% of the subjects when using naloxone 400 ng per 24 hours dose. The corresponding percentage among patients receiving unaltered treatment was 27%. Conclusions: To conclude, the addition of an ultralow dose of intrathecal naloxone (40 ng/24 h) to intrathecal morphine infusion in patients with severe, persistent pain improved perceived quality of sleep. We were not able to show any statistically significant effects of naloxone on pain relief, level of activity, or quality of life.
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Albert-Vartanian A, Boyd MR, Hall AL, Morgado SJ, Nguyen E, Nguyen VPH, Patel SP, Russo LJ, Shao AJ, Raffa RB. Will peripherally restricted kappa-opioid receptor agonists (pKORAs) relieve pain with less opioid adverse effects and abuse potential? J Clin Pharm Ther 2016; 41:371-82. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. R. Boyd
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - A. L. Hall
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - S. J. Morgado
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - E. Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | | | - S. P. Patel
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - L. J. Russo
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - A. J. Shao
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
| | - R. B. Raffa
- School of Pharmacy; Temple University; Philadelphia PA USA
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Gourévitch B, Cai J, Mellen N. Cellular and network-level adaptations to in utero methadone exposure along the ventral respiratory column in the neonate rat. Exp Neurol 2016; 287:S0014-4886(16)30063-2. [PMID: 27009496 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) occurs in babies chronically exposed to opioids during pregnancy. NAS shares features with opioid withdrawal symptoms seen in adults, including autonomic dysregulation. Here, the effect of low-dose in utero methadone (MTD) exposure on respiration-modulated networks along the ventral respiratory column (VRC) in ventrolateral medulla was investigated in the neonate Sprague-Dawley rat. MTD was administered via drinking water (3mg/kg/day in drinking water of the mother E7-E21). Lower expression levels of myelin-associated proteins phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H (pNFH), 2',3'-Cyclicnucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) and myelin basic protein (MBP), in MTD-exposed pups compared to controls at P3, P6 and P10 indicated MTD transport across the placenta. We investigated whether in utero MTD exposure led to network-level excitability changes consistent with tolerance, and also probed for changes in endogenous opioid modulation of respiratory networks. To this end, high-speed (45.5Hz) optical recordings of respiratory network activity in control and MTD-exposed neonate (P0-P2) pups before and during administration of the μ-opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (NAL; 10μM) were carried out. Spike rate was estimated from optical traces via deconvolution, and coupling between all neuron pairs in recorded networks was quantified using the normalized transfer entropy (NTE). Recordings of local networks along the VRC, together with recordings of respiratory output from ventral root C1 did not reveal changes in respiratory activity at the system level, but cellular and network changes in MTD-exposed pups were consistent with the development of opioid tolerance. MTD-exposed pups were found to have i. higher neuronal firing rates; ii. higher covariance between neuronal activity and motor output; iii. more bidirectionally and unidirectionally coupled neurons, and fewer uncoupled neurons; iv. stronger coupling and shorter integration times between network constituents. The μ-opioid receptor antagonist NAL did not alter system-level function. The correlation between the activity of neurons caudal to -400μm and motor output was significantly reduced in control animals following NAL. In both control and MTD-exposed pups, the relative number of neurons whose correlation with motor output increased following NAL followed a rostrocaudal gradient along the VRC, with fewer neurons caudally, and more neurons rostrally. The up-regulation of coupling strength, firing rate and coefficient of variation between neurons and motor output following in utero opioid exposure suggests that these networks may contribute to NAS in infants born to opioid-dependent mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Gourévitch
- NeuroPSI, UMR CNRS 8195, Bâtiment 446, 91405 Orsay cedex, France; Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 446, 91405 Orsay cedex, France
| | - Jun Cai
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40206, USA
| | - Nicholas Mellen
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40206, USA.
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Block L. Glial dysfunction and persistent neuropathic postsurgical pain. Scand J Pain 2016; 10:74-81. [PMID: 28361776 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pain in response to injury is an important mechanism that serves to protect living beings from harm. However, persistent pain remaining long after the injury has healed serves no useful purpose and is a disabling condition. Persistent postsurgical pain, which is pain that lasts more than 3 months after surgery, affects 10-50% of patients undergoing elective surgery. Many of these patients are affected by neuropathic pain which is characterised as a pain caused by lesion or disease in the somatosensory nervous system. When established, this type of pain is difficult to treat and new approaches for prevention and treatment are needed. A possible contributing mechanism for the transition from acute physiological pain to persistent pain involves low-grade inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), glial dysfunction and subsequently an imbalance in the neuron-glial interaction that causes enhanced and prolonged pain transmission. AIM This topical review aims to highlight the contribution that inflammatory activated glial cell dysfunction may have for the development of persistent pain. METHOD Relevant literature was searched for in PubMed. RESULTS Immediately after an injury to a nerve ending in the periphery such as in surgery, the inflammatory cascade is activated and immunocompetent cells migrate to the site of injury. Macrophages infiltrate the injured nerve and cause an inflammatory reaction in the nerve cell. This reaction leads to microglia activation in the central nervous system and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate and alter astrocyte function. Once the astrocytes and microglia have become activated, they participate in the development, spread, and potentiation of low-grade neuroinflammation. The inflammatory activated glial cells exhibit cellular changes, and their communication to each other and to neurons is altered. This renders neurons more excitable and pain transmission is enhanced and prolonged. Astrocyte dysfunction can be experimentally restored using the combined actions of a μ-opioid receptor agonist, a μ-opioid receptor antagonist, and an anti-epileptic agent. To find these agents we searched the literature for substances with possible anti-inflammatory properties that are usually used for other purposes in medicine. Inflammatory induced glial cell dysfunction is restorable in vitro by a combination of endomorphine-1, ultralow doses of naloxone and levetiracetam. Restoring inflammatory-activated glial cells, thereby restoring astrocyte-neuron interaction has the potential to affect pain transmission in neurons. CONCLUSION Surgery causes inflammation at the site of injury. Peripheral nerve injury can cause low-grade inflammation in the CNS known as neuroinflammation. Low-grade neuroinflammation can cause an imbalance in the glial-neuron interaction and communication. This renders neurons more excitable and pain transmission is enhanced and prolonged. Astrocytic dysfunction can be restored in vitro by a combination of endomorphin-1, ultralow doses of naloxone and levetiracetam. This restoration is essential for the interaction between astrocytes and neurons and hence also for modulation of synaptic pain transmission. IMPLICATIONS Larger studies in clinical settings are needed before these findings can be applied in a clinical context. Potentially, by targeting inflammatory activated glial cells and not only neurons, a new arena for development of pharmacological agents for persistent pain is opened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Block
- Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Korpi ER, den Hollander B, Farooq U, Vashchinkina E, Rajkumar R, Nutt DJ, Hyytiä P, Dawe GS. Mechanisms of Action and Persistent Neuroplasticity by Drugs of Abuse. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:872-1004. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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