1
|
Dang KPT, Nguyen TTG, Cao TD, Le VD, Dang CH, Duy NPH, Phuong PTT, Huy DM, Kim Chi TT, Nguyen TD. Biogenic fabrication of a gold nanoparticle sensor for detection of Fe 3+ ions using a smartphone and machine learning. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20466-20478. [PMID: 38946772 PMCID: PMC11208897 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, smartphones have been integrated into rapid colorimetric sensors for heavy metal ions, but challenges persist in accuracy and efficiency. Our study introduces a novel approach to utilize biogenic gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sensors in conjunction with designing a lightbox with a color reference and machine learning for detection of Fe3+ ions in water. AuNPs were synthesized using the aqueous extract of Eleutherine bulbosa leaf as reductants and stabilizing agents. Physicochemical analyses revealed diverse AuNP shapes and sizes with an average size of 19.8 nm, with a crystalline structure confirmed via SAED and XRD techniques. AuNPs exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity in detection of Fe3+ ions through UV-vis spectroscopy and smartphones, relying on nanoparticle aggregation. To enhance image quality, we developed a lightbox and implemented a reference color value for standardization, significantly improving performance of machine learning algorithms. Our method achieved approximately 6.7% higher evaluation metrics (R 2 = 0.8780) compared to non-normalized approaches (R 2 = 0.8207). This work presented a promising tool for quantitative Fe3+ ion analysis in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Phuong T Dang
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - T Thanh-Giang Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tien-Dung Cao
- School of Information Technology, Tan Tao University Long An Vietnam
| | - Van-Dung Le
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Chi-Hien Dang
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Phuc Hoang Duy
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Thuy Phuong
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Do Manh Huy
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Kim Chi
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Danh Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay District Hanoi Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Walter-Nuno AB, Taracena-Agarwal M, Oliveira MP, Oliveira MF, Oliveira PL, Paiva-Silva GO. Export of heme by the feline leukemia virus C receptor regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and redox balance in the hematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23691. [PMID: 38780525 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301671rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Heme is a prosthetic group of proteins involved in vital physiological processes. It participates, for example, in redox reactions crucial for cell metabolism due to the variable oxidation state of its central iron atom. However, excessive heme can be cytotoxic due to its prooxidant properties. Therefore, the control of intracellular heme levels ensures the survival of organisms, especially those that deal with high concentrations of heme during their lives, such as hematophagous insects. The export of heme initially attributed to the feline leukemia virus C receptor (FLVCR) has recently been called into question, following the discovery of choline uptake by the same receptor in mammals. Here, we found that RpFLVCR is a heme exporter in the midgut of the hematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus, a vector for Chagas disease. Silencing RpFLVCR decreased hemolymphatic heme levels and increased the levels of intracellular dicysteinyl-biliverdin, indicating heme retention inside midgut cells. FLVCR silencing led to increased expression of heme oxygenase (HO), ferritin, and mitoferrin mRNAs while downregulating the iron importers Malvolio 1 and 2. In contrast, HO gene silencing increased FLVCR and Malvolio expression and downregulated ferritin, revealing crosstalk between heme degradation/export and iron transport/storage pathways. Furthermore, RpFLVCR silencing strongly increased oxidant production and lipid peroxidation, reduced cytochrome c oxidase activity, and activated mitochondrial biogenesis, effects not observed in RpHO-silenced insects. These data support FLVCR function as a heme exporter, playing a pivotal role in heme/iron metabolism and maintenance of redox balance, especially in an organism adapted to face extremely high concentrations of heme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Walter-Nuno
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mabel Taracena-Agarwal
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus P Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcus F Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela O Paiva-Silva
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gangwar N, Balraj K, Rathore AS. Explainable AI for CHO cell culture media optimization and prediction of critical quality attribute. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:308. [PMID: 38656382 PMCID: PMC11043154 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cell culture media play a critical role in cell growth and propagation by providing a substrate; media components can also modulate the critical quality attributes (CQAs). However, the inherent complexity of the cell culture media makes unraveling the impact of the various media components on cell growth and CQAs non-trivial. In this study, we demonstrate an end-to-end machine learning framework for media component selection and prediction of CQAs. The preliminary dataset for feature selection was generated by performing CHO-GS (-/-) cell culture in media formulations with varying metal ion concentrations. Acidic and basic charge variant composition of the innovator product (24.97 ± 0.54% acidic and 11.41 ± 1.44% basic) was chosen as the target variable to evaluate the media formulations. Pearson's correlation coefficient and random forest-based techniques were used for feature ranking and feature selection for the prediction of acidic and basic charge variants. Furthermore, a global interpretation analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations was utilized to select optimal features by evaluating the contributions of each feature in the extracted vectors. Finally, the medium combinations were predicted by employing fifteen different regression models and utilizing a grid search and random search cross-validation for hyperparameter optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that Fe and Zn significantly impact the charge variant profile. This study aims to offer insights that are pertinent to both innovators seeking to establish a complete pipeline for media development and optimization and biosimilar-based manufacturers who strive to demonstrate the analytical and functional biosimilarity of their products to the innovator. KEY POINTS: • Developed a framework for optimizing media components and prediction of CQA. • SHAP enhances global interpretability, aiding informed decision-making. • Fifteen regression models were employed to predict medium combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Gangwar
- School of Interdisciplinary Research, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Keerthiveena Balraj
- Yardi School of Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Yardi School of Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Man RC, Idrus RBH, Ibrahim WIW, Saim AB, Lokanathan Y. Secretome Analysis of Human Nasal Fibroblast Identifies Proteins That Promote Wound Healing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1450:59-76. [PMID: 37247133 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2023_777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Conditioned medium from cultured fibroblast cells is recognized to promote wound healing and growth through the secretion of enzymes, extracellular matrix proteins, and various growth factors and cytokines. The objective of this study was to profile the secreted proteins present in nasal fibroblast conditioned medium (NFCM). Nasal fibroblasts isolated from human nasal turbinates were cultured for 72 h in Defined Keratinocytes Serum Free Medium (DKSFM) or serum-free F12: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) to collect conditioned medium, denoted as NFCM_DKSFM and NFCM_FD, respectively. SDS-PAGE was performed to detect the presence of protein bands, followed by MALDI-TOF and mass spectrometry analysis. SignalP, SecretomeP, and TMHMM were used to identify the secreted proteins in conditioned media. PANTHER Classification System was performed to categorize the protein according to protein class, whereas STRING 10 was carried out to evaluate the predicted proteins interactions. SDS-PAGE results showed the presence of various protein with molecular weight ranging from ~10 kDa to ~260 kDa. Four protein bands were identified using MALDI-TOF. The analyses identified 104, 83, and 7 secreted proteins in NFCM_FD, NFCM_DKSFM, and DKSFM, respectively. Four protein classes involved in wound healing were identified, namely calcium-binding proteins, cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix proteins, and signaling molecules. STRING10 protein prediction successfully identified various pathways regulated by secretory proteins in NFCM. In conclusion, this study successfully profiled the secreted proteins of nasal fibroblasts and these proteins are predicted to play important roles in RECs wound healing through various pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohaina Che Man
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah Binti Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Izlina Wan Ibrahim
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aminuddin Bin Saim
- Ear, Nose & Throat Consultant Clinic, Ampang Puteri Specialist Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arnhold J. Inflammation-Associated Cytotoxic Agents in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:81. [PMID: 38201509 PMCID: PMC10778456 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory processes are related to all stages of tumorigenesis. As inflammation is closely associated with the activation and release of different cytotoxic agents, the interplay between cytotoxic agents and antagonizing principles is highlighted in this review to address the question of how tumor cells overcome the enhanced values of cytotoxic agents in tumors. In tumor cells, the enhanced formation of mitochondrial-derived reactive species and elevated values of iron ions and free heme are antagonized by an overexpression of enzymes and proteins, contributing to the antioxidative defense and maintenance of redox homeostasis. Through these mechanisms, tumor cells can even survive additional stress caused by radio- and chemotherapy. Through the secretion of active agents from tumor cells, immune cells are suppressed in the tumor microenvironment and an enhanced formation of extracellular matrix components is induced. Different oxidant- and protease-based cytotoxic agents are involved in tumor-mediated immunosuppression, tumor growth, tumor cell invasion, and metastasis. Considering the special metabolic conditions in tumors, the main focus here was directed on the disturbed balance between the cytotoxic agents and protective mechanisms in late-stage tumors. This knowledge is mandatory for the implementation of novel anti-cancerous therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chibanda Y, Brookes M, Churchill D, Al-Hassi H. The Ferritin, Hepcidin and Cytokines Link in the Diagnoses of Iron Deficiency Anaemia during Pregnancy: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13323. [PMID: 37686128 PMCID: PMC10488244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy, iron supplements are prescribed using UK guidelines; however, despite this, the condition remains highly prevalent, affecting up to 30% of pregnant women in the UK. According to the World Health Organisation, it globally accounts for 45% in the most vulnerable groups of pregnant women and infants (<5 years old). Recently, the efficacy of iron replacement therapy and the effectiveness of current standard testing of iron parameters have been reviewed in order to evaluate whether a more accurate diagnosis can be made using alternative and/or supplementary markers. Furthermore, many questions remain about the mechanisms involved in iron metabolism during pregnancy. The most recent studies have shed more light on serum hepcidin and raised questions on the significance of pregnancy related inflammatory markers including cytokines in iron deficiency anaemia. However, research into this is still scarce, and this review aims to contribute to further understanding and elucidating these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Chibanda
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Matthew Brookes
- Gastroenterology, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
| | - David Churchill
- Obstetrics, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
| | - Hafid Al-Hassi
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang XL, Zhou YR, Xu SS, Xu S, Xiong YJ, Xu K, Xu CJ, Che JJ, Huang L, Liu ZG, Wang BY, Mu YL, Xiao SB, Li K. Characterization of Gut Microbiota Compositions along the Intestinal Tract in CD163/pAPN Double Knockout Piglets and Their Potential Roles in Iron Absorption. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0190622. [PMID: 36625575 PMCID: PMC9927099 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01906-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is known to play a role in regulating host metabolism, yet the mechanisms underlying this regulation are not well elucidated. Our study aimed to characterize the differences in gut microbiota compositions and their roles in iron absorption between wild-type (WT) and CD163/pAPN double-gene-knockout (DKO) weaned piglets. A total of 58 samples along the entire digestive tract were analyzed for microbial community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The colonic microbiota and their metabolites were determined by metagenomic sequencing and untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Our results showed that no alterations in microbial community structure and composition were observed between DKO and WT weaned piglets, with the exception of colonic microbiota. Interestingly, the DKO piglets had selectively increased the relative abundance of the Leeia genus belonging to the Neisseriaceae family and decreased the Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014 genus abundance. Functional capacity analysis showed that organic acid metabolism was enriched in the colon in DKO piglets. In addition, the DKO piglets showed increased iron levels in important tissues compared with WT piglets without any pathological changes. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated that the specific bacteria such as Leeia and Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014 genus played a key role in host iron absorption. Moreover, the iron levels had significantly (P < 0.05) positive correlation with microbial metabolites, particularly carboxylic acids and their derivatives, which might increase iron absorption by preventing iron precipitation. Overall, this study reveals an interaction between colonic microbiota and host metabolism and has potential significance for alleviating piglet iron deficiency. IMPORTANCE Iron deficiency is a major risk factor for iron deficiency anemia, which is among the most common nutritional disorders in piglets. However, it remains unclear how the gut microbiota interacts with host iron absorption. The current report provides the first insight into iron absorption-microbiome connection in CD163/pAPN double knockout piglets. The present results showed that carboxylic acids and their derivatives contributed to the absorption of nonheme iron by preventing ferric iron precipitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Rong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song-Song Xu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jian Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Che
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lian Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao-Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arnhold J. Host-Derived Cytotoxic Agents in Chronic Inflammation and Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033016. [PMID: 36769331 PMCID: PMC9918110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
At inflammatory sites, cytotoxic agents are released and generated from invading immune cells and damaged tissue cells. The further fate of the inflammation highly depends on the presence of antagonizing principles that are able to inactivate these host-derived cytotoxic agents. As long as the affected tissues are well equipped with ready-to-use protective mechanisms, no damage by cytotoxic agents occurs and resolution of inflammation is initiated. However, long-lasting and severe immune responses can be associated with the decline, exhaustion, or inactivation of selected antagonizing principles. Hence, cytotoxic agents are only partially inactivated and contribute to damage of yet-unperturbed cells. Consequently, a chronic inflammatory process results. In this vicious circle of permanent cell destruction, not only novel cytotoxic elements but also novel alarmins and antigens are liberated from affected cells. In severe cases, very low protection leads to organ failure, sepsis, and septic shock. In this review, the major classes of host-derived cytotoxic agents (reactive species, oxidized heme proteins and free heme, transition metal ions, serine proteases, matrix metalloproteases, and pro-inflammatory peptides), their corresponding protective principles, and resulting implications on the pathogenesis of diseases are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tkaczyszyn M, Górniak KM, Lis WH, Ponikowski P, Jankowska EA. Iron Deficiency and Deranged Myocardial Energetics in Heart Failure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17000. [PMID: 36554881 PMCID: PMC9778731 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among different pathomechanisms involved in the development of heart failure, adverse metabolic myocardial remodeling closely related to ineffective energy production, constitutes the fundamental feature of the disease and translates into further progression of both cardiac dysfunction and maladaptations occurring within other organs. Being the component of key enzymatic machineries, iron plays a vital role in energy generation and utilization, hence the interest in whether, by correcting systemic and/or cellular deficiency of this micronutrient, we can influence the energetic efficiency of tissues, including the heart. In this review we summarize current knowledge on disturbed energy metabolism in failing hearts as well as we analyze experimental evidence linking iron deficiency with deranged myocardial energetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Tkaczyszyn
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Weronika Hanna Lis
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Anita Jankowska
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA enabled preferential recognition of copper (II) and Iron (III) ions sensed by a red emissive probe. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
11
|
Orrego MA, Vasquez CM, Togneri K, Laclette JP, Garcia HH, Nash TE. Increased iron uptake in the bladder wall of racemose cysts of Taenia solium. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2022; 251:111496. [PMID: 35830923 PMCID: PMC9869405 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2022.111496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Racemose neurocysticercosis is an aggressive infection caused by the aberrant expansion and proliferation of the bladder wall of the Taenia solium cyst within the subarachnoid spaces of the human brain. The parasite develops and proliferates in a microenvironment with low concentrations of growth factors and micronutrients compared to serum. Iron is important for essential biological processes, but its requirement for racemose cyst viability and proliferation has not been studied. The presence of iron in the bladder wall of racemose and normal univesicular T. solium cysts was determined using Prussian blue staining. Iron deposits were readily detected in the bladder wall of racemose cysts but were not detectable in the bladder wall of univesicular cysts. Consistent with this finding, the genes for two iron-binding proteins (ferritin and melanotransferrin) and ribonucleotide reductase were markedly overexpressed in the racemose cyst compared to univesicular cysts. The presence of iron in the bladder wall of racemose cysts may be due to its increased metabolic rate due to proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Orrego
- Laboratory of Immunopathology in Neurocysticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, and Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
| | - Carlos M Vasquez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Kayla Togneri
- Centro de Salud Global, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Juan P Laclette
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Research, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México, Mexico
| | - Hector H Garcia
- Laboratory of Immunopathology in Neurocysticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, and Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Theodore E Nash
- Laboratory of Immunopathology in Neurocysticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, and Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ecelbarger CM, Lan HY. Editorial: Insights in renal and epithelial physiology: 2021. Front Physiol 2022; 13:998358. [PMID: 36105298 PMCID: PMC9465846 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.998358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
13
|
Micheletto M, Gaio E, Tedesco E, Di Maira G, Mantovan E, Zanella M, Pastore P, Roverso M, Favaro G, Benetti F. Intestinal Absorption Study of a Granular Form of Ferric Pyrophosphate. Metabolites 2022; 12:463. [PMID: 35629967 PMCID: PMC9145852 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent nutritional disorders worldwide. The standard treatment involves iron supplementation, but this task is challenging because of poor solubility and organoleptic issues. Moreover, the need to increase iron bioavailability represents a challenge for treating iron-related disorders. In this study, gastroresistance and iron intestinal absorption of an innovative granular formulation composed of ferric pyrophosphate, modified starch and phospholipids branded as Ferro Fosfosoma® was investigated. Gastroresistant properties were studied using standard protocols, and a bioaccessible fraction was obtained by exposing a food supplement to in vitro digestion. This fraction was used for investigating iron absorption in Caco-2 and human follicle-associated intestinal epithelium (FAE) models. Ferro Fosfosoma® showed an improved resistance to gastric digestion and higher intestinal absorption than ferric pyrophosphate salt used as a control in both models. In the FAE model, Ferro Fosfosoma® induces larger iron absorption than in the Caco-2 monolayer, most likely due to the transcytosis ability of M cells. The larger iron absorption in the Ferro Fosfosoma®-treated FAE model corresponds to higher ferritin level, proving physiological iron handling that was once delivered by granular formulation. Finally, the formulation did not induce any alterations in viability and barrier integrity. To conclude, Ferro Fosfosoma® favors iron absorption and ferritin expression, while preserving any adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Micheletto
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Elisa Gaio
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Erik Tedesco
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Giovanni Di Maira
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Etienne Mantovan
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Michela Zanella
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.P.); (M.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Marco Roverso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.P.); (M.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Gabriella Favaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (P.P.); (M.R.); (G.F.)
| | - Federico Benetti
- ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, ECAMRICERT SRL, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.M.); (E.G.); (E.T.); (G.D.M.); (E.M.); (M.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Das B, Ghosh A, Dorairaj DP, Dolai M, Karvembu R, Mabhai S, Im H, Dey S, Jana A, Misra A. Multiple ion (Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, and Cu2+) sensing using a cell-compatible rhodamine-phenolphthalein-derived Schiff-base probe. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
15
|
Li Y, Xie M, Jones JB, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Dang T, Wang X, Lipowska M, Mao H. Targeted Delivery of DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitor SN38 to Intracranial Tumors of Glioblastoma Using Sub-5 Ultrafine Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102816. [PMID: 35481625 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Effectively delivering therapeutics for treating brain tumors is hindered by the physical and biological barriers in the brain. Even with the compromised blood-brain barrier and highly angiogenic blood-tumor barrier seen in glioblastoma (GBM), most drugs, including nanomaterial-based formulations, hardly reach intracranial tumors. This work investigates sub-5 nm ultrafine iron oxide nanoparticles (uIONP) with 3.5 nm core diameter as a carrier for delivering DNA topoisomerase inhibitor 7-ethyl-10-hydroxyl camptothecin (SN38) to treat GBM. Given a higher surface-to-volume ratio, uIONP shows one- or three-folds higher SN38 loading efficiency (48.3 ± 6.1%, mg/mg Fe) than those with core sizes of 10 or 20 nm. SN38 encapsulated in the coating polymer exhibits pH sensitive release with <10% over 48 h at pH 7.4, but 86% at pH 5, thus being protected from converting to inactive glucuronide by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1. Conjugating αv β3 -integrin-targeted cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) (RGD) as ligands, RGD-uIONP/SN38 demonstrates targeted cytotoxicity to αv β3 -integrin-overexpressed U87MG GBM cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) of 30.9 ± 2.2 nm. The efficacy study using an orthotopic mouse model of GBM reveals tumor-specific delivery of 11.5% injected RGD-uIONP/SN38 (10 mg Fe kg-1 ), significantly prolonging the survival in mice by 41%, comparing to those treated with SN38 alone (p < 0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
- 5M Biomed, LLC Atlanta GA 30303 USA
| | - Manman Xie
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| | - Joshua B. Jones
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| | - Zhaobin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| | - Tu Dang
- Division of Research Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine – Georgia Campus Suwanee GA 30024 USA
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine – Georgia Campus Suwanee GA 30024 USA
| | - Malgorzata Lipowska
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30329 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ghosh S, Ghosh S, Baildya N, Ghosh K. Dehydroabietylamine-decorated imino-phenols: supramolecular gelation and gel phase selective detection of Fe 3+, Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ ions under different experimental conditions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00830k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroabietylamine-linked Schiff bases 1–3 have been synthesized, characterized and employed in metal ion sensing in a sol–gel medium. The compounds have a propensity for gel formation from aqueous organic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
| | - Nabajyoti Baildya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
| | - Kumaresh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garcia-Martin R, Brandao BB, Thomou T, Altindis E, Kahn CR. Tissue differences in the exosomal/small extracellular vesicle proteome and their potential as indicators of altered tissue metabolism. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110277. [PMID: 35045290 PMCID: PMC8867597 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes/small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can serve as multifactorial mediators of cell-to-cell communication through their miRNA and protein cargo. Quantitative proteomic analysis of five cell lines representing metabolically important tissues reveals that each cell type has a unique sEV proteome. While classical sEV markers such as CD9/CD63/CD81 vary markedly in abundance, we identify six sEV markers (ENO1, GPI, HSPA5, YWHAB, CSF1R, and CNTN1) that are similarly abundant in sEVs of all cell types. In addition, each cell type has specific sEV markers. Using fat-specific Dicer-knockout mice with decreased white adipose tissue and increased brown adipose tissue, we show that these cell-type-specific markers can predict the changing origin of the serum sEVs. These results provide a valuable resource for understanding the sEV proteome of the cells and tissues important in metabolic homeostasis, identify unique sEV markers, and demonstrate how these markers can help in predicting the tissue of origin of serum sEVs. By performing comparative proteomics, Garcia-Martin et al. identify markers common to exosomes/sEVs from multiple cell types, as well as markers unique to each cell type. Using a lipodystrophy mouse model, they demonstrate the use of this sEV proteome dataset to predict the tissue of origin of circulating exosomes/sEVs in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Garcia-Martin
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bruna Brasil Brandao
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Thomas Thomou
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Emrah Altindis
- Boston College Biology Department, Higgins Hall, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02476, USA.
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Arnhold J. Heme Peroxidases at Unperturbed and Inflamed Mucous Surfaces. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111805. [PMID: 34829676 PMCID: PMC8614983 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In our organism, mucous surfaces are important boundaries against the environmental milieu with defined fluxes of metabolites through these surfaces and specific rules for defense reactions. Major mucous surfaces are formed by epithelia of the respiratory system and the digestive tract. The heme peroxidases lactoperoxidase (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) contribute to immune protection at epithelial surfaces and in secretions. Whereas LPO is secreted from epithelial cells and maintains microbes in surface linings on low level, MPO and EPO are released from recruited neutrophils and eosinophils, respectively, at inflamed mucous surfaces. Activated heme peroxidases are able to oxidize (pseudo)halides to hypohalous acids and hypothiocyanite. These products are involved in the defense against pathogens, but can also contribute to cell and tissue damage under pathological conditions. This review highlights the beneficial and harmful functions of LPO, MPO, and EPO at unperturbed and inflamed mucous surfaces. Among the disorders, special attention is directed to cystic fibrosis and allergic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lipovšek S, Novak T, Dariš B, Hofer F, Leitinger G, Letofsky-Papst I. Ultrastructure of spherites in the midgut diverticula and Malpighian tubules of the harvestman Amilenus aurantiacus during the winter diapause. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 157:107-118. [PMID: 34738145 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Amilenus aurantiacus overwinter in diapause, a natural starvation period, in hypogean habitats. The structure of spherites in the midgut diverticula (MD) and Malpighian tubules (MT) has been studied comparatively by light microscopy and TEM to detect eventual differences in mineral consumption in the beginning and at the end of the starvation period in these organs (MD and MT) associated with digestive processes. The chemical composition of spherites was examined by combining energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM). The structure of the spherites changed during overwintering in both organs. At the beginning of overwintering, the spherites were composed of densely packed concentric layers of electron-dense and electron-lucent material. In the middle and at the end of overwintering, the electron-lucent layers between the layers of material indicated the loss of some material. The chemical composition of the spherites changed only in the MD; at the beginning of overwintering, these contained Si, O, C and Fe, while later there was no more Fe. In contrast, spherites in the MT were composed of Si, O, C and Ca throughout overwintering. A less intensive exploitation of the MD spherites was probably due to complete cessation of digestive and other cell activity in this organ during the winter diapause; activity of the MT slowed, but continued removing the cell metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saška Lipovšek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia. .,Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Tone Novak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Dariš
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Ferdinand Hofer
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis and Center for Electron Microscopy, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Steyrergasse 17, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ilse Letofsky-Papst
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis and Center for Electron Microscopy, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Steyrergasse 17, 8010, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wareing M, Smith CP. Iron Is Filtered by the Kidney and Is Reabsorbed by the Proximal Tubule. Front Physiol 2021; 12:740716. [PMID: 34658926 PMCID: PMC8514780 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.740716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the iron (Fe) concentration profile within the lumen of the S2 renal proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and to resolve whether this nephron segment transported Fe. To do this, we performed in vivo renal micropuncture on Wistar rats, collected PCT tubular fluid from superficial nephrons, and measured Fe concentration. The Fe concentration profile along the S2 PCT suggested significant Fe reabsorption. Proximal tubules were also microperfused in vivo with physiological solutions containing Fe and Zn, Cu, Mn, or Cd. PCTs perfused with 12μmol.l−1 55FeCl3 reabsorbed 105.2±12.7 fmol.mm−1.min−1 Fe, 435±52pmol.mm-1.min−1 Na, and 2.7±0.2nl.mm−1.min−1 water (mean ± SEM; n=19). Addition of ascorbate (1mmol.l−1) to the perfusate did not significantly alter Fe, Na, or water reabsorption. Supplementing the control perfusate with 60μmol.l−1 FeSO4 significantly decreased 55Fe uptake. Recalculating for the altered molar activity following addition of unlabeled Fe revealed a three-fold increase in Fe flux. Addition to the perfusate 12μmol.l−1 CuSO4, MnSO4, CdSO4, or ZnSO4 did not affect Fe, Na, or water flux. In conclusion, (1) in vivo, S2 PCTs of rat reabsorb Fe and (2) Fe is reabsorbed along the PCT via a pathway that is insensitive to Cu, Mn, Cd, or Zn. Together, these data demonstrate for the first time the hitherto speculated process of renal Fe filtration and subsequent tubular Fe reabsorption in a living mammal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Wareing
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Craig P Smith
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wijesinghe TP, Dharmasivam M, Dai CC, Richardson DR. Innovative therapies for neuroblastoma: The surprisingly potent role of iron chelation in up-regulating metastasis and tumor suppressors and down-regulating the key oncogene, N-myc. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105889. [PMID: 34536548 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an indispensable requirement for essential biological processes in cancer cells. Due to the greater proliferation of neoplastic cells, their demand for iron is considerably higher relative to normal cells, making them highly susceptible to iron depletion. Understanding this sensitive relationship led to research exploring the effect of iron chelation therapy for cancer treatment. The classical iron-binding ligand, desferrioxamine (DFO), has demonstrated effective anti-proliferative activity against many cancer-types, particularly neuroblastoma tumors, and has the surprising activity of down-regulating the potent oncogene, N-myc, which is a major oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma. Even more significant is the ability of DFO to simultaneously up-regulate the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), which plays a plethora of roles in suppressing a variety of oncogenic signaling pathways. However, DFO suffers the disadvantage of demonstrating poor membrane permeability and short plasma half-life, requiring administration by prolonged subcutaneous or intravenous infusions. Considering this, the specifically designed di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone (DpT) series of metal-binding ligands was developed in our laboratory. The lead agent from the first generation DpT series, di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), showed exceptional anti-cancer properties compared to DFO. However, it exhibited cardiotoxicity in mouse models at higher dosages. Therefore, a second generation of agents was developed with the lead compound being di-2-pyridylketone-4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC) that progressed to Phase I clinical trials. Importantly, DpC showed better anti-proliferative activity than Dp44mT and no cardiotoxicity, demonstrating effective anti-cancer activity against neuroblastoma tumors in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tharushi P Wijesinghe
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Charles C Dai
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Koleini N, Shapiro JS, Geier J, Ardehali H. Ironing out mechanisms of iron homeostasis and disorders of iron deficiency. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e148671. [PMID: 34060484 DOI: 10.1172/jci148671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron plays an important role in mammalian physiological processes. It is a critical component for the function of many proteins, including enzymes that require heme and iron-sulfur clusters. However, excess iron is also detrimental because of its ability to catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species. As a result, cellular and systemic iron levels are tightly regulated to prevent oxidative damage. Iron deficiency can lead to a number of pathological conditions, the most prominent being anemia. Iron deficiency should be corrected to improve adult patients' symptoms and to facilitate normal growth during fetal development and childhood. However, inappropriate use of intravenous iron in chronic conditions, such as cancer and heart failure, in the absence of clear iron deficiency can lead to unwanted side effects. Thus, this form of therapy should be reserved for certain patients who cannot tolerate oral iron and need rapid iron replenishment. Here, we will review cellular and systemic iron homeostasis and will discuss complications of iron deficiency.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gangwar N, Mishra R, Budholiya N, Rathore AS. Effect of vitamins and metal ions on productivity and charge heterogeneity of IgG1 expressed in CHO cells. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000464. [PMID: 34028198 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies have emerged as the most successful modality of biotherapeutics. They are primarily expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. It is well known that post-translational modifications (PTM) contribute significantly to heterogeneity with respect to charge, glycosylation, and size. These attributes in turn impact stability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the biotherapeutic product. Cell culture media components are known to significantly contribute to both cellular productivity as well as post-translational modifications. Thus, it is highly desirable to understand how media components affect product quality. This study aims to explore the impact of vitamins and metal ions on protein expression and post-translational modifications specifically charge heterogeneity. Biotin, choline chloride, D-calcium pantothenate, folic acid, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine hydrochloride vitamins and Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Zn, Mn, Ni metal ions were examined in this study. The results indicate that pyridoxine enhances productivity while Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, and biotin impact charge heterogeneity. While, Fe, Mn and Ni enhance production of the acidic variants, Cu and biotin inhibit it. Zn reduces formation of basic variants while biotin enhances it. The results from this investigation could be used for process control so as to get consistent charge variant profile, in particular for biosimilars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Gangwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rishabh Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Niharika Budholiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li J, Wang S, Duan J, Le P, Li C, Ding Y, Wang R, Gao Y. The protective mechanism of resveratrol against hepatic injury induced by iron overload in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 424:115596. [PMID: 34044072 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excessive iron deposition can produce toxicity. Liver, as the main storage site of iron, is more vulnerable to excessive iron than other organs. Many studies have found that Resveratrol (RES) can effectively eliminate oxygen free radicals and resist lipid peroxide damage. However, studies investigating the mechanism of how RES prevents liver injury induced by iron overload are few. This study aims to observe the protective effect of RES on liver injury induced by iron overload in mice. Mice, except for the control group, received an intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran (50 mg/kg) every morning. The L-RES and H-RES groups received intragastric administration of low- and high-concentration RES solutions (20 or 50 mg/kg). The deferoxamine (DFO) group was intraperitoneally injected with DFO (50 mg/kg), while the control and iron overload groups were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of normal saline every afternoon. Two weeks after continuous administration, iron-overloaded mice treated with high and low doses of RES significantly improved liver injury (GOT and GPT) and decreased LDH activity and MDA content and increased SOD and GSH activities (P < 0.01). Morphological tests showed that RES treatment can reduce liver iron deposition and improve liver pathological changes in iron-overloaded mice. Furthermore, RES treatment caused a significant decrease in Ft expression (P < 0.01). In conclusion, RES can alleviate liver injury in iron-overloaded mice. The mechanism may be related to improve the antioxidant capacity and reduce excess iron in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Simeng Wang
- College of Nursing, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Jiaqi Duan
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Peixin Le
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yongpei Ding
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China.
| | - Yonggang Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Harnessing the Physiological Functions of Cellular Prion Protein in the Kidneys: Applications for Treating Renal Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060784. [PMID: 34067472 PMCID: PMC8224798 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a ubiquitous cell surface glycoprotein, and its physiological functions have been receiving increased attention. Endogenous PrPC is present in various kidney tissues and undergoes glomerular filtration. In prion diseases, abnormal prion proteins are found to accumulate in renal tissues and filtered into urine. Urinary prion protein could serve as a diagnostic biomarker. PrPC plays a role in cellular signaling pathways, reno-protective effects, and kidney iron uptake. PrPC signaling affects mitochondrial function via the ERK pathway and is affected by the regulatory influence of microRNAs, small molecules, and signaling proteins. Targeting PrPC in acute and chronic kidney disease could help improve iron homeostasis, ameliorate damage from ischemia/reperfusion injury, and enhance the efficacy of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell or extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic strategies. PrPC may also be under the influence of BMP/Smad signaling and affect the progression of TGF-β-related renal fibrosis. PrPC conveys TNF-α resistance in some renal cancers, and therefore, the coadministration of anti-PrPC antibodies improves chemotherapy. PrPC can be used to design antibody-drug conjugates, aptamer-drug conjugates, and customized tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases to suppress cancer. With preclinical studies demonstrating promising results, further research on PrPC in the kidney may lead to innovative PrPC-based therapeutic strategies for renal disease.
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang S, Li S, Feng H, Chen Y. Iron Metabolism Disorders for Cognitive Dysfunction After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:587197. [PMID: 33796002 PMCID: PMC8007909 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.587197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most harmful forms of acute brain injury and predicted to be one of the three major neurological diseases that cause neurological disabilities by 2030. A series of secondary injury cascades often cause cognitive dysfunction of TBI patients leading to poor prognosis. However, there are still no effective intervention measures, which drive us to explore new therapeutic targets. In this process, the most part of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is ignored because its initial symptoms seemed not serious. Unfortunately, the ignored mTBI accounts for 80% of the total TBI, and a large part of the patients have long-term cognitive dysfunction. Iron deposition has been observed in mTBI patients and accompanies the whole pathological process. Iron accumulation may affect long-term cognitive dysfunction from three pathways: local injury, iron deposition induces tau phosphorylation, the formation of neurofibrillary tangles; neural cells death; and neural network damage, iron deposition leads to axonal injury by utilizing the iron sensibility of oligodendrocytes. Thus, iron overload and metabolism dysfunction was thought to play a pivotal role in mTBI pathophysiology. Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs) located in the ependyma have bidirectional communication function between cerebral-spinal fluid and brain parenchyma, and may participate in the pathway of iron-induced cognitive dysfunction through projected nerve fibers and transmitted factor, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, etc. The present review provides an overview of the metabolism and function of iron in mTBI, and to seek a potential new treatment target for mTBI with a novel perspective through combined iron and CSF-cNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suna Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Su Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Annamalai C, Seth R, Viswanathan P. Ferrotoxicity and Its Amelioration by Calcitriol in Cultured Renal Cells. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6634429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant mortality and an enormous economic burden. Whereas iron is essential for metabolically active renal cells, it has the potential to cause renal cytotoxicity by promoting Fenton chemistry-based oxidative stress involving lipid peroxidation. In addition, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), the active form of vitamin D, is reported to have an antioxidative role. In this study, we intended to demonstrate the impact of vitamin D on iron-mediated oxidant stress and cytotoxicity of Vero cells exposed to iohexol, a low osmolar iodine-containing contrast media in vitro. Cultured Vero cells were pretreated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 dissolved in absolute ethanol (0.05%, 2.0 mM) at a dose of 1 mM for 6 hours. Subsequently, iohexol was added at a concentration of 100 mg iodine per mL and incubated for 3 hours. Total cellular iron content was analysed by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 372 nm. Lipid peroxidation was determined by TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive species) assay. Antioxidants including total thiol content were assessed by Ellman’s method, catalase by colorimetric method, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by nitroblue tetrazolium assay. The cells were stained with DAPI (4
,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), and the cytotoxicity was evaluated by viability assay (MTT assay). The results indicated that iohexol exposure caused a significant increase of the total iron content in Vero cells. A concomitant increase of lipid peroxidation and decrease of total thiol protein levels, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activity were observed along with decreased cell viability in comparison with the controls. Furthermore, these changes were significantly reversed when the cells were pretreated with vitamin D prior to incubation with iohexol. Our findings of this in vitro model of iohexol-induced renotoxicity lend further support to the nephrotoxic potential of iron and underpin the possible clinical utility of vitamin D for the treatment and prevention of AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekar Annamalai
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Seth
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, 495009 Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014 Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Annamalai C, Seth R, Viswanathan P. Ferrotoxicity and Its Amelioration by Calcitriol in Cultured Renal Cells. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:6634429. [PMID: 33680716 PMCID: PMC7925041 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant mortality and an enormous economic burden. Whereas iron is essential for metabolically active renal cells, it has the potential to cause renal cytotoxicity by promoting Fenton chemistry-based oxidative stress involving lipid peroxidation. In addition, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), the active form of vitamin D, is reported to have an antioxidative role. In this study, we intended to demonstrate the impact of vitamin D on iron-mediated oxidant stress and cytotoxicity of Vero cells exposed to iohexol, a low osmolar iodine-containing contrast media in vitro. Cultured Vero cells were pretreated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 dissolved in absolute ethanol (0.05%, 2.0 mM) at a dose of 1 mM for 6 hours. Subsequently, iohexol was added at a concentration of 100 mg iodine per mL and incubated for 3 hours. Total cellular iron content was analysed by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer at 372 nm. Lipid peroxidation was determined by TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive species) assay. Antioxidants including total thiol content were assessed by Ellman's method, catalase by colorimetric method, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by nitroblue tetrazolium assay. The cells were stained with DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), and the cytotoxicity was evaluated by viability assay (MTT assay). The results indicated that iohexol exposure caused a significant increase of the total iron content in Vero cells. A concomitant increase of lipid peroxidation and decrease of total thiol protein levels, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activity were observed along with decreased cell viability in comparison with the controls. Furthermore, these changes were significantly reversed when the cells were pretreated with vitamin D prior to incubation with iohexol. Our findings of this in vitro model of iohexol-induced renotoxicity lend further support to the nephrotoxic potential of iron and underpin the possible clinical utility of vitamin D for the treatment and prevention of AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekar Annamalai
- 1Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Seth
- 2Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, 495009 Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- 1Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014 Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Comparative Evaluation of Intestinal Absorption and Functional Value of Iron Dietary Supplements and Drug with Different Delivery Systems. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245989. [PMID: 33348818 PMCID: PMC7766776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a fundament micronutrient, whose homeostasis is strictly regulated. Iron deficiency anemia is among the most widespread nutritional deficiencies and its therapy, based on dietary supplement and drugs, may lead to severe side effects. With the aim of improving iron bioavailability while reducing iron oral therapy side effects, novel dietary supplements based on innovative technologies-microencapsulation, liposomes, sucrosomes-have been produced and marketed. In the present work, six iron dietary supplements for different therapeutic targets were compared in terms of bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and safety by using an integrated in vitro approach. For general-purpose iron supplements, ME + VitC (microencapsulated) showed a fast, burst intestinal iron absorption kinetic, which maintained iron bioavailability and ferritin expression constant over time. SS + VitC (sucrosomes), on the other side, showed a slower, time-dependent iron absorption and ferritin expression trend. ME + Folate (microencapsulated) showed a behavior similar to that of ME + VitC, albeit with a lower bioavailability. Among pediatric iron supplements, a time-dependent bioavailability increase was observed for LS (liposome), while PIC (polydextrose-iron complex) bioavailability is severely limited by its poor bioaccessibility. Finally, except for SS + VitC, no adverse effects on intestinal mucosa vitality and barrier integrity were observed. Considering obtained results and the different therapeutic targets, microencapsulation-based formulations are endowed with better performance compared to the other formulations. Furthermore, performances of microencapsulated products were obtained with a lower iron daily dose, limiting the potential onset of side effects.
Collapse
|
30
|
Čiburienė E, Čelutkienė J, Aidietienė S, Ščerbickaitė G, Lyon AR. The prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia and their impact on survival in patients at a cardio-oncology clinic. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY 2020; 6:29. [PMID: 33292849 PMCID: PMC7709383 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-020-00086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Iron deficiency (ID) and anemia are common in both heart failure (HF) and cancer patients and are associated with poor quality of life and survival. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the prevalence, types, and confounding factors of ID and anemia in patients referred to cardio-oncology clinic, and (2) identify the association between iron metabolism parameters and survival of cardio-oncology patients. Methods We assessed iron, ferritin, hemoglobin concentrations, transferrin saturation (TSAT), cancer type, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), kidney function, cardiovascular risk factors and survival in 599 patients who were referred to cardio-oncology clinic from 2011 to 2017. ID was defined by a TSAT < 20%, absolute iron deficiency (AID) with a serum ferritin level < 100 μg/L while serum ferritin level of ≥ 100 μg/L was considered as functional iron deficiency (FID) and TSAT ≥ 20% was considered as no ID. Results The prevalence of ID, AID, and FID was 46, 31, and 15% of study patients, respectively. Anemia was present in approximately half (54%) of the patients with any ID. Multivariate Cox analyses showed that male gender (HR 1.704 [1.207–2.404] p = 0.002); previous cancer history (HR 1.879 [1.079–3.272] p = 0.026); elevated BNP (HR 2.126 [1.258–3.590] p = 0.005); TSAT< 20% (HR 1.721 [1.214–2.439] p = 0.002); ferritin ≥ 100 μg/L (HR 2.008 [1.088–3.706] p = 0.026); serum iron concentration < 12 μmol/L (HR 2.292 [1.614–3.255] p < 0.001); FID (HR 2.538 [1.1618–3.981] p < 0.001) and anemia (HR 2.462 [1.734–3.495] p < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause death. Conclusions About half of cardio-oncology patients had anemia and iron deficiency, with the absolute type being twice as prevalent as the functional one. Patients with breast, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancer were affected more often. Both anemia and iron deficiency independently predicted all-cause mortality. Future studies are required to confirm ID as a risk factor and evaluate the clinical benefits of iron replacement therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Čiburienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionis str. 21, 03101, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - J Čelutkienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionis str. 21, 03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - S Aidietienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionis str. 21, 03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - G Ščerbickaitė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M.K.Čiurlionis str. 21, 03101, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - A R Lyon
- Cardio-Oncology Clinic at Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhou M, Jiang D, Deng X. Association of transferrin G258A and transferrin receptor A82G polymorphisms with the risk of Parkinson disease in certain area. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23432. [PMID: 33235126 PMCID: PMC7710248 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that polymorphisms of transferrin (TF) G258A and transferrin receptor (TFR) A82G might be associated with susceptibility to Parkinson disease (PD). OBJECTIVE Owing to limitation of sample size and inconclusive results, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association. METHODS By searching PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biological Medicine Database, and Wanfang Databases, the published articles about studies of the association of the TF G258A, TFR A82G gene polymorphisms with the risk of PD were collected. Q-statistics and I statistics were calculated to examine heterogeneity and summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were evaluated the association. RESULTS Five studies assessed the relationship between TF G258A and risk of PD. A significant increased protective of A allele and AA genotype was observed in allele model and recessive model (the allele model A vs G: OR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.40-0.72, P < .001; the recessive model AA vs GA + GG: OR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.20-0.52, P < .001). The remaining models of the TF G258A genotype showed no significant association with PD risk, while the protective tendency were increased (the heterozygote model GA vs GG: OR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.61-1.43, P = .75; the homozygous model AA vs GG: OR = 0.47, 95%CI 0.21-1.04, P = .06; the dominant model GA + AA vs GG: OR = 0.75, 95%CI 0.50-1.11, P = .15). There was also a lack of association between TFR A82G polymorphism and PD (the allele model G vs A: OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.75-1.13, P = .43; the heterozygote model AG vs AA: OR = 1.17, 95%CI 0.79-1.71, P = .43; the homozygous model GG vs AA: OR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.60-139, P = .66; the dominant model AG + GG vs AA: OR = 1.05, 95%CI 0.73-1.49, P = .81; the recessive model GG vs AG +AA: OR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.59-1.09, P = .16). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that TF G258A polymorphism may be associated with PD, while TFR A82G polymorphism may not contribute to PD based on the current evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Minhua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan
| | - Deqi Jiang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Xun Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ito H, Kurokawa H, Matsui H. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and heme, non-heme iron metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 700:108695. [PMID: 33232715 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are one of the most important organelles for eukaryotes, including humans, to produce energy. In the energy-producing process, mitochondria constantly generate reactive oxygen species as a by-product of electrons leaking out from the electron transport chain react with oxygen. The active oxygen, in turn, plays pivotal roles in mediating several signalings, including those that are implicated in the development of some diseases such as neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, and carcinogenesis. This signaling, derived from mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, also affects intracellular iron homeostasis by regulating the expression of transporters. Heme iron is incorporated into cells through HCP1, and non-heme iron is transported by DMT1 in absorptive cells. Intracellular iron is exported by ferroportin and bound with transferrin. In most types of cell including erythrocyte, transferrin-bound iron is incorporated through transferrin-transferrin receptor system. We previously reported that the expression of HCP1 and DMT1 was upregulated in cancer cells and that overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase, which is a mitochondrial-specific superoxide dismutase, downregulated the expression. These findings indicate that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species is associated with iron-related oxidative reactions. Recently, a mitochondria-specific iron transporter, mitoferrin, was identified, and the relationships among mitochondria, iron transportation, and diseases have been increasingly clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Ito
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kurokawa
- Algae Biomass research and development, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan; Algae Biomass research and development, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mohammed ET, Hashem KS, Abdelazem AZ, Foda FAMA. Prospective Protective Effect of Ellagic Acid as a SIRT1 Activator in Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Renal Damage in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:177-188. [PMID: 31933277 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide application of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), little is known about the specific mechanism of their nephrotoxic effect. We aimed to evaluate the nephrotoxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in vivo and the protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) as a silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activator against the induced nephrotoxicity. Forty male albino Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four equal groups (10 rats each): the control group (oral saline for 30 days), ellagic acid (EA) group (10 mg/kg b.w. EA, orally for 30 days), IONP group (20 mg/kg b.w. IONP I/P injection at the 24th-30th day), and EA + IONP group (10 mg/kg b.w./day EA for 30 days + 20 mg/kg b.w. IONPs at the 24th-30th day). In the present study, the potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of EA were indicated by the significant overexpression of SIRT1 in renal tissues that leads to significant decreases in renal MDA content, P53 protein level and forkhead-box transcription factor1 (FOXO1) expression, and significant increases in renal GSH level, catalase activity, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 45 alpha (GADDα45), and renal inhibition of apoptosis protein (KIAP) gene expression levels in the EA + IONP-treated group. These results were confirmed by the improved histopathological renal features with EA administration. In conclusion, the present study provides the first evidence for the usefulness of EA as a sirtuin1 activator in the prevention or treatment of renal damage. Thus, EA could be used as a promising therapy for the prevention of IONP-induced nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Taha Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Khalid S Hashem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Z Abdelazem
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Fatma A M A Foda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arnhold J. The Dual Role of Myeloperoxidase in Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8057. [PMID: 33137905 PMCID: PMC7663354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heme protein myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a major constituent of neutrophils. As a key mediator of the innate immune system, neutrophils are rapidly recruited to inflammatory sites, where they recognize, phagocytose, and inactivate foreign microorganisms. In the newly formed phagosomes, MPO is involved in the creation and maintenance of an alkaline milieu, which is optimal in combatting microbes. Myeloperoxidase is also a key component in neutrophil extracellular traps. These helpful properties are contrasted by the release of MPO and other neutrophil constituents from necrotic cells or as a result of frustrated phagocytosis. Although MPO is inactivated by the plasma protein ceruloplasmin, it can interact with negatively charged components of serum and the extracellular matrix. In cardiovascular diseases and many other disease scenarios, active MPO and MPO-modified targets are present in atherosclerotic lesions and other disease-specific locations. This implies an involvement of neutrophils, MPO, and other neutrophil products in pathogenesis mechanisms. This review critically reflects on the beneficial and harmful functions of MPO against the background of immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Arnhold
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04 107 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
The Molecular Mechanisms of Iron Metabolism and Its Role in Cardiac Dysfunction and Cardioprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217889. [PMID: 33114290 PMCID: PMC7660609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral participating in different functions of the organism under physiological conditions. Numerous biological processes, such as oxygen and lipid metabolism, protein production, cellular respiration, and DNA synthesis, require the presence of iron, and mitochondria play an important role in the processes of iron metabolism. In addition to its physiological role, iron may be also involved in the adaptive processes of myocardial "conditioning". On the other hand, disorders of iron metabolism are involved in the pathological mechanisms of the most common human diseases and include a wide range of them, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, iron also exerts potentially deleterious effects that may be manifested under conditions of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary artery angioplasty, or heart transplantation, due to its involvement in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, iron has been recently described to participate in the mechanisms of iron-dependent cell death defined as "ferroptosis". Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death. Ferroptosis has been shown to be associated with I/R injury and several other cardiac diseases as a significant form of cell death in cardiomyocytes. In this review, we will discuss the role of iron in cardiovascular diseases, especially in myocardial I/R injury, and protective mechanisms stimulated by different forms of "conditioning" with a special emphasis on the novel targets for cardioprotection.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bhagat B, Jadeja V, Sharma P, Joshi K, Mukherjee K. Case study on the use of image analysis for the simple and inexpensive colorimetric detection of Fe(iii) in water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4509-4516. [PMID: 32909590 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01212b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we have reported a simple and cost effective colorimetric method for the detection of Fe(iii) in water. The method is based on the color change through the formation of an Fe(iii)-glycine complex at room temperature. This type of complex formation produces an intense color due to the ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT). The rate of this type of complex formation depends appreciably on the Fe(iii) concentrations. An important aspect of the present work is that here the image analysis technique has been used successfully for the discrimination of the color obtained by the variation of the Fe(iii) concentration. The fundamental spectro-photochemical studies on the colorimetric detection of Fe(iii) by forming a metal ligand complex and thereafter the discrimination of the complex through image analysis can provide effective insight into the development of cost effective devices for the detection of liquid phase analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhooma Bhagat
- Department of Science, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar-382007, Gujarat, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ivanova A, Gerasimova E, Gazizullina E. Study of Antioxidant Properties of Agents from the Perspective of Their Action Mechanisms. Molecules 2020; 25:E4251. [PMID: 32947948 PMCID: PMC7570667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The creation and analysis of a large variety of existing methods for the evaluation of integrated antioxidant properties are quite relevant in connection with a range of biological mechanisms of the antioxidants (AO) action. In this work, the existing methods are correlated with mechanisms of antioxidant action. It is shown that the results obtained by various methods are mainly incomparable. This can be connected with the implementation of various mechanisms of antioxidant action in methods. The analysis of the literature data presented in this review indicates the difficulty of creating a universal method and the feasibility of using integrated approaches based on the use of several methods that implement and combine various mechanisms of the chemical conversion of antioxidants. This review describes methods for studying the chelating ability of antioxidants, except for methods based on electron and hydrogen atom transfer reactions, which are currently not widely covered in modern literature. With the description of each mechanism, special attention is paid to electrochemical methods, as the interaction of active oxygen metabolites of radical and non-radical nature with antioxidants has an electron/proton/donor-acceptor nature, which corresponds to the nature of electrochemical methods and suggests that they can be used to study the interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alla Ivanova
- Chemical Technological Institute, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (E.G.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Basu T, Kumar B, Shendge AK, Panja S, Chugh H, Gautam HK, Mandal N. An Indian Desert Shrub 'Hiran Chabba', Farsetia hamiltonii Royle, Exhibits Potent Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effect Against Iron- Overload Induced Liver Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 16:210-222. [PMID: 29669498 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180418150123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farsetia hamiltonii Royle, also known as Hiran Chabba grows in desert regions. It is widely used as folk medicine to treat joint pains, diarrhea and diabetes. However, its antioxidant and iron chelation abilities both in vitro and in vivo have not yet been investigated. METHODS The 70% methanolic extract of F. hamiltonii (FHME) was investigated for its free radical scavenging and iron chelation potential, in vitro. An iron-overload situation was established by intraperitoneal injection of iron-dextran in Swiss albino mice, followed by oral administration of FHME. Liver damage and serum parameters due to iron-overload were measured biochemically and histopathologically to test iron-overload remediation and hepatoprotective potential of FHME. Phytochemical analyses were performed to determine its probable bioactive components. RESULTS FHME showed promising antioxidant activity, scavenged various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and chelated iron in vitro. FHME reduced liver iron, serum ferritin, normalized serum parameters, reduced oxidative stress in liver, serum and improved liver antioxidant status in ironoverloaded mice. It also alleviated liver damage and fibrosis as evident from biochemical parameters and morphological analysis of liver sections. The phytochemical analyses of FHME reflected the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and tannins. HPLC analysis indicated presence of tannic acid, quercetin, methyl gallate, catechin, reserpine, ascorbic acid and gallic acid. CONCLUSION Based on the experimental outcome, FHME, an ethnologically important plant can be envisaged as excellent antioxidant and iron chelator drug capable of remediating iron-overload induced hepatotoxicity and the bioactive compounds present in FHME might be responsible for its efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tapasree Basu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme - VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Bipul Kumar
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anil K Shendge
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme - VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Panja
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme - VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Heerak Chugh
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Hemant K Gautam
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, CSIR- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nripendranath Mandal
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme - VII M, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rafieepour A, Azari MR, Peirovi H, Khodagholi F, Jaktaji JP, Mehrabi Y, Naserzadeh P, Mohammadian Y. Investigation of the effect of magnetite iron oxide particles size on cytotoxicity in A 549 cell line. Toxicol Ind Health 2020; 35:703-713. [PMID: 31818242 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719888077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetite as iron oxide is widely used in various industries, in the pharmaceutical industry in particular where it is used for its magnetic properties. The environmental and occupational exposure to airborne nanoparticles and microparticles of iron oxide compounds have been reported. Since authors have reported contradictory results, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of particles' size in their toxicities. METHODS The human cell line A549 was exposed with magnetite iron oxide in two size categories of micro (≥5 µm) and nano (<100 nm), with four concentrations of 10, 50, 100, and 250 µg/ml at two time periods of 24 and 72 h. The cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, and incidence of apoptosis were studied. RESULTS Nano and micro magnetite particles demonstrated diverse toxicity effects on the A549 cell line at the 24- and 72-h exposure periods; however, the effects produced were time- and concentration-dependent. Nano magnetite particles produced greater cellular toxicities in forms of decreased viabilities at concentration exposures greater than 50 µg/ml (p < 0.05), along with increased ROS (p < 0.05), decreased cellular membrane potential (p < 0.05), and reduced rate of apoptosis (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION The results of this study demonstrated that magnetite iron in nano-range sizes had a greater absorbability for the A549 cell line compared to micro sizes, and at the same time, nanoparticles were more toxic than microparticles, demonstrating higher production of ROS and decreased viabilities. Considering the greater toxicity of nanoparticles of magnetite iron in this study, thorough precautionary control measures must be taken before they can be used in various industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athena Rafieepour
- School of Public Health and Safety, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour R Azari
- Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibollah Peirovi
- Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Naserzadeh
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadian
- Nanomedicine and Tissue Engineering Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Transcriptome signatures in the brain of a migratory songbird. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 34:100681. [PMID: 32222683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Most of the birds's adaptations for migration have a neuroendocrine origin, triggered by changes in photoperiod and the patterns of Earth's magnetic field. Migration phenomenology has been well described in the past decades, yet the genetic structure behind it remains terra incognita. We used RNA-Seq data to investigate which biological functions are linked with the seasonal brain adaptations of a long-distance trans-continental migratory passerine, the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe). We sequenced the wheatear's transcriptomes at three different stages: lean birds, a characteristic phenotype before the onset of migration, during fattening, and at their maximal migratory body mass. We identified a total of 15,357 genes in the brain of wheatears, of which 84 were differentially expressed. These were mostly related to nervous tissue development, angiogenesis, ATP production, innate immune response, and antioxidant protection, as well as GABA and dopamine signalling. The expression pattern of differentially expressed genes is correlated with typical phenotypic changes before migration, such as hyperphagia, migratory restlessness, and a potential increment in the visual and spatial memory capacities. Our work points out, for future studies, biological functions found to be involved in the development of the migratory phenotype -a unique model to study the core of neural, energetic and muscular adaptations for endurance exercise. Comparison of wheatears' transcriptomic data with two other studies with similar goals shows no correlation among the trends in the gene expression. It highlights the complexity and diversity of adaptations for long-distance migration in birds.
Collapse
|
41
|
Liang YH, Huang KYA, Lee DC, Pang KN, Chen SH. High-precision iron isotope analysis of whole blood, erythrocytes, and serum in adults. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 58:126421. [PMID: 31805477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron isotopic composition serves as a biological indicator of Fe metabolism in humans. In the process of Fe metabolism, essential carriers of Fe circulate in the blood and pass through storage organs and intestinal absorptive tissues. This study aimed to establish an analytical method for high-precision Fe isotopic measurement, investigate Fe concentration and isotopic composition in different parts of whole blood, and explore the potential of Fe isotopic composition as an indicator for Fe status within individuals. ANALYTICAL METHODS A total of 23 clinically healthy Taiwanese adults of Han descent were enrolled randomly and Fe isotopic compositions of their whole blood, erythrocytes, and serum were measured. The Fe isotopic analysis was performed by Neptune Plus multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with double-spike technique. The precision and reproducibility of the Fe isotopic analysis were monitored by international biological and geological reference materials. MAIN FINDINGS High-precision Fe isotopic measurements were achieved alongside with high consistency in the isotopic data for well-characterized reference materials. The Fe isotopic signatures of whole blood and erythrocytes were resolvable from that of serum, where both whole blood and erythrocytes contained significantly lighter Fe isotopic compositions compared to the case of serum (P = 0.0296 and P = 0.0004, respectively). The δ56/54Fe value of the serum sample was 0.2‰ heavier on an average than those of whole blood or erythrocytes. This isotopic fractionation observed in different parts of whole blood may indicate redox processes involved in Fe cycling, e.g. erythrocyte production and Fe transportation. Moreover, the δ56/54Fe values of whole blood and serum significantly correlated with the hemoglobin level (P = 0.0126 and P = 0.0020, respectively), erythrocyte count (P = 0.0014 and P = 0.0005, respectively), and Mentzer index (P = 0.0055 and P = 0.0011, respectively), suggesting the Fe isotopic composition as an indicator of functional Fe status in healthy adults. The relationships between blood Fe isotopic compositions and relevant biodemographic variables were also examined. While the average Fe concentration of whole blood was significantly higher in males than in females (P = 0.0028), females exhibited a heavier Fe isotopic composition compared to that of males in whole blood (P = 0.0010) and serum (P < 0.0001). A significantly inverse correlation of the whole blood δ56/54Fe value with body mass index of individuals (P = 0.0095) was also observed. CONCLUSION The results presented herein reveal that blood Fe isotopic signature is consequentially linked to baseline erythrocyte parameters in individuals and is significantly affected by the gender and body mass index in the adult population. These findings support the role of Fe isotopic composition as an indicator for the variance of Fe metabolism among adult individuals and populations and warrant further study to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Liang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying A Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Der-Chuen Lee
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kwan-Nang Pang
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Iron is an essential element that is indispensable for life. The delicate physiological body iron balance is maintained by both systemic and cellular regulatory mechanisms. The iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin assures maintenance of adequate systemic iron levels and is regulated by circulating and stored iron levels, inflammation and erythropoiesis. The kidney has an important role in preventing iron loss from the body by means of reabsorption. Cellular iron levels are dependent on iron import, storage, utilization and export, which are mainly regulated by the iron response element-iron regulatory protein (IRE-IRP) system. In the kidney, iron transport mechanisms independent of the IRE-IRP system have been identified, suggesting additional mechanisms for iron handling in this organ. Yet, knowledge gaps on renal iron handling remain in terms of redundancy in transport mechanisms, the roles of the different tubular segments and related regulatory processes. Disturbances in cellular and systemic iron balance are recognized as causes and consequences of kidney injury. Consequently, iron metabolism has become a focus for novel therapeutic interventions for acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, which has fuelled interest in the molecular mechanisms of renal iron handling and renal injury, as well as the complex dynamics between systemic and local cellular iron regulation.
Collapse
|
43
|
Heggland EI, Tröße C, Eichner C, Nilsen F. Heavy and light chain homologs of ferritin are essential for blood-feeding and egg production of the ectoparasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2019; 232:111197. [PMID: 31251953 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2019.111197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is a hematophagous ectoparasite of salmonid fish. Due to its blood-feeding activity, the louse is exposed to great amounts of iron, which is an essential, yet potentially toxic mineral. The major known iron storage protein is ferritin, which the salmon louse encodes four genes of (LsFer1-4). Two of the ferritins are predicted to be secreted. These are one of the heavy chain homologs (LsFer1) and the light chain homolog (LsFer2). Here, we perform functional studies and characterize the two secreted ferritins. Our results show that knocking down LsFer1 and LsFer2 both negatively affect the parasite's physiology, as it is not able to properly feed and reproduce. In a starvation experiment, the transcript levels of both LsFer1 and LsFer2 decrease during the starvation period. Combined, these results demonstrate the importance of these genes for the normal parasite biology, and they could thus potentially be targets for pest management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erna Irene Heggland
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Christiane Eichner
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre (SLRC), University of Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bulbul G, Liu G, Vithalapur NR, Atilgan C, Sayers Z, Pourmand N. Employment of Iron-Binding Protein from Haemophilus influenzae in Functional Nanopipettes for Iron Monitoring. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:1970-1977. [PMID: 30346707 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the serious neurologic consequences of iron deficiency and iron excess in the brain, interest in the iron status of the central nervous system has increased significantly in the past decade. While iron plays an important role in many physiological processes, its accumulation may lead to diseases such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's. Therefore, it is important to develop methodologies that can monitor the presence of iron in a selective and sensitive manner. In this paper, we first showed the synthesis and characterization of the iron-binding protein (FBP) from Haemophilus influenzae, specific for ferrous ions. Subsequently, we employed this protein in our nanopipette platform and utilized it in functionalized nanoprobes to monitor the presence of ferrous ions. A suite of characterization techniques: absorbance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and small-angle X-ray scattering were used for FBP. The functionalized Fe-nanoprobe calibrated in ferrous chloride enabled detection from 0.05 to 10 μM, and the specificity of the modified iron probe was evaluated by using various metal ion solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Bulbul
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Goksin Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Namrata Rao Vithalapur
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Canan Atilgan
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Sayers
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nader Pourmand
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Choudhury H, Pandey M, Chin PX, Phang YL, Cheah JY, Ooi SC, Mak KK, Pichika MR, Kesharwani P, Hussain Z, Gorain B. Transferrin receptors-targeting nanocarriers for efficient targeted delivery and transcytosis of drugs into the brain tumors: a review of recent advancements and emerging trends. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1545-1563. [PMID: 29916012 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a predominant challenge in chemotherapy due to the existence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) which restricts delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the brain together with the problem of drug penetration through hard parenchyma of the GBM. With the structural and mechanistic elucidation of the BBB under both physiological and pathological conditions, it is now viable to target central nervous system (CNS) disorders utilizing the presence of transferrin (Tf) receptors (TfRs). However, overexpression of these TfRs on the GBM cell surface can also help to avoid restrictions of GBM cells to deliver chemotherapeutic agents within the tumor. Therefore, targeting of TfR-mediated delivery could counteract drug delivery issues in GBM and create a delivery system that could cross the BBB effectively to utilize ligand-conjugated drug complexes through receptor-mediated transcytosis. Hence, approach towards successful delivery of antitumor agents to the gliomas has been making possible through targeting these overexpressed TfRs within the CNS and glioma cells. This review article presents a thorough analysis of current understanding on Tf-conjugated nanocarriers as efficient drug delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hira Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pei Xin Chin
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee Lin Phang
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeng Yuen Cheah
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shu Chien Ooi
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Kay Mak
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Bioactive Molecules and Drug Delivery, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, 42300, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lincoln University College, Petalling Jaya, 47301, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Loréal O, Cavey T, Robin F, Kenawi M, Guggenbuhl P, Brissot P. Iron as a Therapeutic Target in HFE-Related Hemochromatosis: Usual and Novel Aspects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040131. [PMID: 30486249 PMCID: PMC6315470 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic hemochromatosis is an iron overload disease that is mainly related to the C282Y mutation in the HFE gene. This gene controls the expression of hepcidin, a peptide secreted in plasma by the liver and regulates systemic iron distribution. Homozygous C282Y mutation induces hepcidin deficiency, leading to increased circulating transferrin saturation, and ultimately, iron accumulation in organs such as the liver, pancreas, heart, and bone. Iron in excess may induce or favor the development of complications such as cirrhosis, liver cancer, diabetes, heart failure, hypogonadism, but also complaints such as asthenia and disabling arthritis. Iron depletive treatment mainly consists of venesections that permit the removal of iron contained in red blood cells and the subsequent mobilization of stored iron in order to synthesize hemoglobin for new erythrocytes. It is highly efficient in removing excess iron and preventing most of the complications associated with excess iron in the body. However, this treatment does not target the biological mechanisms involved in the iron metabolism disturbance. New treatments based on the increase of hepcidin levels, by using hepcidin mimetics or inducers, or inhibitors of the iron export activity of ferroportin protein that is the target of hepcidin, if devoid of significant secondary effects, should be useful to better control iron parameters and symptoms, such as arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Loréal
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Thibault Cavey
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | - François Robin
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Moussa Kenawi
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Pascal Guggenbuhl
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Pierre Brissot
- INSERM, Univ Rennes, INRA, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35033 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ballesteros C, Geary JF, Mackenzie CD, Geary TG. Characterization of Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1) in Brugia malayi suggests an intestinal-associated pathway for iron absorption. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2018; 8:341-349. [PMID: 29957332 PMCID: PMC6038845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis are neglected parasitic diseases which pose a threat to public health in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Strategies for control and elimination of these diseases by mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns are designed to reduce symptoms of onchocerciasis and transmission of both parasites to eventually eliminate the burden on public health. Drugs used for MDA are predominantly microfilaricidal, and prolonged rounds of treatment are required for eradication. Understanding parasite biology is crucial to unravelling the complex processes involved in host-parasite interactions, disease transmission, parasite immune evasion, and the emergence of drug resistance. In nematode biology, large gaps still exist in our understanding of iron metabolism, iron-dependent processes and their regulation. The acquisition of iron from the host is a crucial determinant of the success of a parasitic infection. Here we identify a filarial ortholog of Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1), a member of a highly conserved family of NRAMP proteins that play an essential role in the transport of ferrous iron in many species. We cloned and expressed the B. malayi NRAMP ortholog in the iron-deficient fet3fet4 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, performed qPCR to estimate stage-specific expression, and localized expression of this gene by immunohistochemistry. Results from functional iron uptake assays showed that expression of this gene in the iron transport-deficient yeast strain significantly rescued growth in low-iron medium. DMT1 was highly expressed in adult female and male B. malayi and Onchocerca volvulus. Immunolocalization revealed that DMT1 is expressed in the intestinal brush border, lateral chords, and reproductive tissues of males and females, areas also inhabited by Wolbachia. We hypothesize based on our results that DMT1 in B. malayi functions as an iron transporter. The presence of this transporter in the intestine supports the hypothesis that iron acquisition by adult females requires oral ingestion and suggests that the intestine plays a functional role in at least some aspects of nutrient uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ballesteros
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - James F Geary
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Charles D Mackenzie
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Timothy G Geary
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hrušková K, Potůčková E, Opálka L, Hergeselová T, Hašková P, Kovaříková P, Šimůnek T, Vávrová K. Structure-Activity Relationships of Nitro-Substituted Aroylhydrazone Iron Chelators with Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:435-446. [PMID: 29766723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Aroylhydrazone iron chelators such as salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH) protect various cells against oxidative injury and display antineoplastic activities. Previous studies have shown that a nitro-substituted hydrazone, namely, NHAPI, displayed markedly improved plasma stability, selective antitumor activity, and moderate antioxidant properties. In this study, we prepared four series of novel NHAPI derivatives and explored their iron chelation activities, anti- or pro-oxidant effects, protection against model oxidative injury in the H9c2 cell line derived from rat embryonic cardiac myoblasts, cytotoxicities to the corresponding noncancerous H9c2 cells, and antiproliferative activities against the MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma and HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell lines. Nitro substitution had both negative and positive effects on the examined properties, and we identified new structure-activity relationships. Naphthyl and biphenyl derivatives showed selective antiproliferative action, particularly in the breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line, where they exceeded the selectivity of the parent compound NHAPI. Of particular interest is a compound prepared from 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-nitroacetophenone and biphenyl-4-carbohydrazide, which protected cardiomyoblasts against oxidative injury at 1.8 ± 1.2 μM with 24-fold higher selectivity than SIH. These compounds will serve as leads for further structural optimization and mechanistic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Hrušková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Potůčková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Opálka
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Hergeselová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Hašková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kovaříková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Šimůnek
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vávrová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové , Charles University , Akademika Heyrovského 1203 , 500 05 Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tarifeño-Saldivia E, Aguilar A, Contreras D, Mercado L, Morales-Lange B, Márquez K, Henríquez A, Riquelme-Vidal C, Boltana S. Iron Overload Is Associated With Oxidative Stress and Nutritional Immunity During Viral Infection in Fish. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1296. [PMID: 29922300 PMCID: PMC5996096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is a trace element, essential to support life due to its inherent ability to exchange electrons with a variety of molecules. The use of iron as a cofactor in basic metabolic pathways is essential to both pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts. During evolution, the shared requirement of micro- and macro-organisms for this important nutrient has shaped the pathogen-host relationship. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNv) affects salmonids constituting a sanitary problem for this industry as it has an important impact on post-smolt survival. While immune modulation induced by IPNv infection has been widely characterized on Salmo salar, viral impact on iron host metabolism has not yet been elucidated. In the present work, we evaluate short-term effect of IPNv on several infected tissues from Salmo salar. We observed that IPNv displayed high tropism to headkidney, which directly correlates with a rise in oxidative stress and antiviral responses. Transcriptional profiling on headkidney showed a massive modulation of gene expression, from which biological pathways involved with iron metabolism were remarkable. Our findings suggest that IPNv infection increase oxidative stress on headkidney as a consequence of iron overload induced by a massive upregulation of genes involved in iron metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Tarifeño-Saldivia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile.,Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Department of Oceanography, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Andrea Aguilar
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Department of Oceanography, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - David Contreras
- Renewable Resources Laboratory, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, University Campus, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luis Mercado
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Byron Morales-Lange
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Katherine Márquez
- Renewable Resources Laboratory, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, University Campus, Concepción, Chile
| | - Adolfo Henríquez
- Renewable Resources Laboratory, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, University Campus, Concepción, Chile
| | - Camila Riquelme-Vidal
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Department of Oceanography, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sebastian Boltana
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Department of Oceanography, Biotechnology Center, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Guan P, Liang Y, Wang N. Fasudil alleviates pressure overload-induced heart failure by activating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6452-6460. [PMID: 29323739 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The RhoA/Rho-kinase cascade plays an important role in many aspects of cardiovascular function. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on pressure overload induced heart failure in rats. Pressure overload induced heart failure was induced in SD rats by banding the abdominal aorta for 8 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups: Sham, TAC, TAC plus low dose of fasudil, and TAC plus high dose of fasudil group. Low dose and high dose fasudil were 5 and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively. Rats in the Sham and TAC groups were treated with vehicle. Fasudil effectively inhibited TAC-induced heart failure, as evaluated by echocardiography and transmission electron microscopy. Fasudil could significantly promote superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and significantly decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) content in a dose-dependent maner in TAC rats. Consistently, fasudil evoked significant nuclear translocation of Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) with increased DNA/promoter binding and transactivation of Nrf2 targets. In addition, fasudil increased the content of iron as well as transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) in TAC rats. A mild oxidative stress induced by iron may activate the antioxidant enzymes by feedback response. Taken together, these results indicate that the protective effect of fasudil may be due to its strong antioxidative activities which related with the activated Nrf2 and its down-regulated genes. These findings provide a new treatment concept and support the benefit of fasudil treatment in heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guan
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yingran Liang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|