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Atanassova DV, Madariaga VI, Oosterman JM, Brazil IA. Unpacking the relationship between Big Five personality traits and experimental pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105786. [PMID: 38955000 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Pain is essential for survival, but individual responses to painful stimuli vary, representing a complex interplay between sensory, cognitive, and affective factors. Individual differences in personality traits and in pain perception covary but it is unclear which traits play the most significant role in understanding the pain experience and whether this depends on pain modality. A systematic search identified 1534 records (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, PubMed and Web of Science), of which 22 were retained and included in a systematic review. Only studies from the pressure pain domain (n=6) could be compared in a formal meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between Big Five traits and experimental pain. Pressure pain tolerance correlated positively with Extraversion and negatively with Neuroticism with a trivial effect size (<0.1). While these findings suggest personality might be only weakly related to pain in healthy individuals, we emphasize the need to consider standardization, biases, and adequate sample sizes in future research, as well as additional factors that might affect experimental pain sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Atanassova
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - V I Madariaga
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Dentistry Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J M Oosterman
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I A Brazil
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Forensic Psychiatric Centre Pompestichting, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Huo Z, Zhang R, Chen Z, Xu J, Xu T, Feng T. The neural substrates responsible for punishment sensitivity association with procrastination: Left putamen connectivity with left middle temporal gyrus. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110982. [PMID: 38387807 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Procrastination has adverse consequences across cultural contexts. Behavioral research found a positive correlation between punishment sensitivity and procrastination. However, little is known about the neural substrates underlying the association between them. We employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods to address this issue with two independent samples. In Sample 1, behavioral results found that punishment sensitivity was positively related to procrastination. The VBM analysis showed that punishment sensitivity was negatively correlated with gray matter volume in left putamen. Subsequently, the RSFC results revealed that left putamen - left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) connectivity was positively associated with punishment sensitivity. More crucially, mediation analysis indicated that left putamen - left MTG connectivity mediated the relationship between punishment sensitivity and procrastination. The aforementioned results were validated in Sample 2. Altogether, left putamen - left MTG connectivity might be the neural signature of the association between punishment sensitivity and procrastination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Huo
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China; Experimental Research Center for Medical and Psychological Science (ERC-MPS), School of Psychology, Army Medical University, China
| | - Junye Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.
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Zhi S, Zhao W, Huang Y, Li Y, Wang X, Li J, Liu S, Xu Y. Neuroticism and openness exhibit an anti-correlation pattern to dissociable default mode network: using resting connectivity and structural equation modeling analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2024:10.1007/s11682-024-00869-8. [PMID: 38409462 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) can be subdivided into ventral and dorsal subsystems, which serve affective cognition and mental sense construction, respectively. An internally dissociated pattern of anti-correlations was observed between these two subsystems. Although numerous studies on neuroticism and openness have demonstrated the neurological functions of the DMN, little is known about whether different subsystems and hubs regions within the network are engaged in different functions in response to the two traits. We recruited 223 healthy volunteers in this study and collected their resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory scores. We used independent component analysis (ICA) to obtain the DMN, before further decomposing it into the ventral and dorsal subsystems. Then, the network coherence of hubs regions within subsystems was extracted to construct two structural equation models (SEM) to explore the relationship between neuroticism and openness traits and DMN. We observed that the ventral DMN could significantly predict positive openness and negative neuroticism. The dorsal DMN was diametrically opposed. Additionally, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG), both of which are core hubs of the subnetworks within the DMN, are significantly positively correlated with neuroticism and openness. These findings may point to a biological basis that neuroticism and openness are engaged in opposite mechanisms and support the hypothesis about the functional dissociation of the DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Zhi
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, P.R. China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Lin J, Li L, Pan N, Liu X, Zhang X, Suo X, Kemp GJ, Wang S, Gong Q. Neural correlates of neuroticism: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of resting-state functional brain imaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105055. [PMID: 36681370 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is one of the most robust higher-order personality traits associated with negative emotionality and risk of mental disorders. Many studies have investigated relationships between neuroticism and the brain, but the results have been inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of whole-brain resting-state functional neuroimaging studies to identify the most stable neurofunctional substrates of neuroticism. We found stable significant positive correlations between neuroticism and resting-state brain activity in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left striatum, and right hippocampus. In contrast, resting-state brain activity in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) was negatively associated with neuroticism. Additionally, meta-regression analysis revealed brain regions in which sex and age moderated the link of spontaneous activity with neuroticism. This is the first study to provide a comprehensive understanding of resting-state brain activity correlates of neuroticism, and the findings may be useful for the targeting of specific brain regions for interventions to decrease the risks of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China
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Jiang Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Lin L, Tang Y. Clinical significance and related factors of rectal hyposensitivity in patients with functional defecation disorder. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1119617. [PMID: 36895717 PMCID: PMC9988933 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1119617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rectal hyposensitivity (RH) is not uncommon in patients with functional defecation disorder (FDD). FDD patients with RH are usually unsatisfied with their treatment. Aims The aim of this study was to find the significance of RH in patients with FDD and the related factors of RH. Methods Patients with FDD first completed clinical questionnaires regarding constipation symptoms, mental state, and quality of life. Then anorectal physiologic tests (anorectal manometry and balloon expulsion test) were performed. Rectal sensory testing (assessing rectal response to balloon distension using anorectal manometry) was applied to obtain three sensory thresholds. Patients were separated into three groups (non-RH, borderline RH, and RH) based on the London Classification. The associations between RH and clinical symptoms, mental state, quality of life, and rectal/anal motility were investigated. Results Of 331 included patients with FDD, 87 patients (26.3%) had at least one abnormally elevated rectal sensory threshold and 50 patients (15.1%) were diagnosed with RH. Patients with RH were older and mostly men. Defecation symptoms were more severe (p = 0.013), and hard stool (p < 0.001) and manual maneuver (p = 0.003) were more frequently seen in the RH group. No difference in rectal/anal pressure was found among the three groups. Elevated defecatory desire volume (DDV) existed in all patients with RH. With the number of elevated sensory thresholds increasing, defecation symptoms got more severe (r = 0.35, p = 0.001). Gender (male) (6.78 [3.07-15.00], p < 0.001) and hard stool (5.92 [2.28-15.33], p < 0.001) were main related factors of RH. Conclusion Rectal hyposensitivity plays an important role in the occurrence of FDD and is associated with defecation symptom severity. Older male FDD patients with hard stool are prone to suffer from RH and need more care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meifeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yurong Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Savarino E, Marabotto E, Savarino V. Recent insights on functional heartburn and reflux hypersensitivity. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2022; 38:417-422. [PMID: 35762702 PMCID: PMC10810351 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000000846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rome IV experts have proposed that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) should be diagnosed only in patients with abnormal esophageal acid exposure, and that reflux hypersensitivity (RH) and functional heartburn (FH) both should be considered functional conditions separate from GERD. Although past and recent evidence support that FH can be completely distinguished from GERD, the concept that RH is not GERD is highly questionable. This review attempts to provide current data on these issues. RECENT FINDINGS Many recent investigations have provided new data on the different pathophysiological features characterizing RH and FH. Major differences have emerged from analyses of impedance-pH monitoring studies using the novel impedance metrics of baseline impedance (an index of mucosal integrity) and the rate of postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic waves (a reflection of the integrity of esophageal chemical clearance). SUMMARY The better ability to interpret impedance-pH tracings together with earlier data on the different prevalence of microscopic esophagitis in RH and FH patients, and recent studies documenting poor therapeutic efficacy of pain modulators and good results of antireflux surgery for RH support recategorization of RH within the GERD world. Further research is needed to correctly phenotype patients who have heartburn without mucosal breaks, and to guide their effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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De Pascalis V, Vecchio A. The influence of EEG oscillations, heart rate variability changes, and personality on self-pain and empathy for pain under placebo analgesia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6041. [PMID: 35410362 PMCID: PMC9001726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We induced placebo analgesia (PA), a phenomenon explicitly attenuating the self-pain feeling, to assess whether this resulted in reduced empathy pain when witnessing a confederate undergoing such pain experience. We recorded EEG and electrocardiogram during a painful Control and PA treatment in healthy adults who rated their experienced pain and empathy for pain. We derived HRV changes and, using wavelet analysis of non-phase-locked event-related EEG oscillations, EEG spectral power differences for self-pain and other-pain conditions. First-hand PA reduced self-pain and self-unpleasantness, whereas we observed only a slight decrease in other unpleasantness. We derived linear combinations of HRV and EEG band power changes significantly associated with self-pain and empathy for pain changes using PCAs. Lower Behavioral Inhibition System scores predicted self-pain reduction through the mediating effect of a relative HR-slowing and a decreased midline ϑ-band (4-8 Hz) power factor moderated by lower Fight-Flight-Freeze System trait scores. In the other-pain condition, we detected a direct positive influence of Total Empathic Ability on the other-pain decline with a mediating role of the midline β2-band (22-30 Hz) power reduction. These findings suggest that PA modulation of first-hand versus other pain relies on functionally different physiological processes involving different personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilfredo De Pascalis
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Arianna Vecchio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Cortico-striatal-thalamic loop as a neural correlate of neuroticism in the mind-body interface. J Psychosom Res 2021; 149:110590. [PMID: 34385032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although brain structural studies have demonstrated the neural correlates of neuroticism, the outcomes are not easily identified because of the various possible brain regions involved, low statistical power (low number of subjects), and brain structural measures available, such as mean diffusivity (MD), which are more suitable than standard regional measures of grey and white-matter volume (rGMV, rWMV) and fractional anisotropy (FA). We hypothesized that neuroticism neural correlates could be detected by MD and differentially identified using other measures. We aimed to visualize the neural correlates of neuroticism. METHODS A voxel-by-voxel regression analysis was performed using the MD, rGMV, rWMV, or FA value as the dependent variable and with neuroticism scores based on the NEO-FFI and its confounding factors as independent variables in 1207 (693 men and 514 women; age, 20.7 ± 1.8, 18-27 years), non-clinical students in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS MD in the cortico- (orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior insula) striatal- (caudate and putamen) thalamic loop regions, including the right posterior limb of the internal capsule, were positively associated with neuroticism using the threshold-free cluster enhancement method with a family-wise error-corrected threshold of P < 0.0125 (0.05/4, Bonferroni correction for four types of MRI data [MD, rGMV, rWMV, and FA]) at the whole-brain level. CONCLUSIONS An increased MD has generally been associated with reduced neural tissues and possibly area function. Accordingly, this finding helps elucidate the mechanism of somatization in neuroticism because the regions related to neuroticism are considered neural correlates of somatoform disorders.
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Yagihashi M, Kano M, Muratsubaki T, Morishita J, Kono K, Tanaka Y, Kanazawa M, Fukudo S. Concordant pattern of the HPA axis response to visceral stimulation and CRH administration. Neurosci Res 2021; 168:32-40. [PMID: 33785411 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The physiological and psychological mechanisms explaining the individual variability in the stress response are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis responses to colorectal stimulation affect HPA axis reactivity to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the visceral pain threshold, and perceived stress. We examined 31 healthy volunteers and 27 individuals with irritable bowel syndrome. According to the ACTH response to colorectal stimulation, the participants were classified into three groups: flattened, decreased, and increased. We found significant differences in the abdominal pain threshold, discomfort threshold, and sensitivity to anxiety among the groups. There were significant differences in the ACTH change and peak level after CRH administration among the groups. The area under the curve of the cortisol response to CRH was significantly different among the groups. The increased group showed a higher basal ACTH level, earlier peak level in the CRH administration test, and higher stress rating during the experiment. The increased group had an exaggerated psychological and physiological stress response, whereas the decreased group had a higher anticipatory endocrine response, stress, and sensitivity to anxiety. Further studies are needed to determine factors including gut microbiota on the individual difference in HPA response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Yagihashi
- Advanced Graduate Program for Future Medicine and Health Care, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Michiko Kano
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Deparment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Muratsubaki
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Deparment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Joe Morishita
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Keishi Kono
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yukari Tanaka
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Motoyori Kanazawa
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Deparment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Shin Fukudo
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan; Deparment of Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
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Bottemanne H, Gouraud C, Hulot JS, Blanchard A, Ranque B, Lahlou-Laforêt K, Limosin F, Günther S, Lebeaux D, Lemogne C. Do Anxiety and Depression Predict Persistent Physical Symptoms After a Severe COVID-19 Episode? A Prospective Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:757685. [PMID: 34858230 PMCID: PMC8631493 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.757685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Persistent physical symptoms are common after a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) episode, but their pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between anxiety and depression at 1-month after acute infection and the presence of fatigue, dyspnea, and pain complaints at 3-month follow-up. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in patients previously hospitalized for COVID-19 followed up for 3 months. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-S) was administered by physicians at 1-month follow-up, and the presence of fatigue, dyspnea, and pain complaints was assessed at both 1 month and 3 months. Multivariable logistic regressions explored the association between anxiety and depression subscores and the persistence of each of the physical symptom at 3 months. Results: A total of 84 patients were included in this study (Median age: 60 years, interquartile range: 50.5-67.5 years, 23 women). We did not find any significant interaction between anxiety and the presence of fatigue, dyspnea, or pain complaints at 1 month in predicting the persistence of these symptoms at 3 months (all p ≥ 0.36). In contrast, depression significantly interacted with the presence of pain at 1 month in predicting the persistence of pain at 3 months (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.02-2.51, p = 0.039), with a similar trend for dyspnea (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 0.99-2.28, p = 0.052). Discussion and Conclusion: Contrary to anxiety, depression after an acute COVID-19 episode may be associated with and increased risk of some persistent physical symptoms, including pain and dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Bottemanne
- Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épiniére, UMR 7225, UMR_S 1127, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne University, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtriére, DMU Neurosciences, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clément Gouraud
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- CIC 1418 and DMU CARTE, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Anne Blanchard
- Service de Néphrologie, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen-Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Ranque
- Service de Médecine Interne, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen-Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Khadija Lahlou-Laforêt
- DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen-Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Corentin Celton, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sven Günther
- Innovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Physiologie, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - David Lebeaux
- Service de Microbiologie, Unité Mobile d'Infectiologie, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Lemogne
- Service de Microbiologie, Unité Mobile d'Infectiologie, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Paris, INSERM, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, UMR_S1266, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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12
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Brown TT, Lee W. The FUTUREPAIN study: Validating a questionnaire to predict the probability of having chronic pain 7-10 years into the future. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237508. [PMID: 32817710 PMCID: PMC7440636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The FUTUREPAIN study develops a short general-purpose questionnaire, based on the biopsychosocial model, to predict the probability of developing or maintaining moderate-to-severe chronic pain 7-10 years into the future. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study. Two-thirds of participants in the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States were randomly assigned to a training cohort used to train a predictive machine learning model based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, which produces a model with minimal covariates. Out-of-sample predictions from this model were then estimated using the remaining one-third testing cohort to determine the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). An optimal cut-point that maximized sensitivity and specificity was determined. RESULTS The LASSO model using 82 variables in the training cohort, yielded an 18-variable model with an out-of-sample AUROC of 0.85 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.80, 0.91) in the testing cohort. The sum of sensitivity (0.88) and specificity (0.76) was maximized at a cut-point of 17 (95% CI: 15, 18) on a 0-100 scale where the AUROC was 0.82. DISCUSSION We developed a short general-purpose questionnaire that predicts the probability of an adult having moderate-to-severe chronic pain in 7-to-10 years. It has diagnostic ability greater than 80% and can be used regardless of whether a patient is currently experiencing chronic pain. Knowing which patients are likely to have moderate-to-severe chronic pain in the future allows clinicians to target preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy T. Brown
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Woojung Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Washington, DC, United States of America
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13
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The medial temporal lobe in nociception: a meta-analytic and functional connectivity study. Pain 2020; 160:1245-1260. [PMID: 30747905 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies implicate the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in nociception and pain modulation. Here, we aim to identify which subregions of the MTL are involved in human pain and to test its connectivity in a cohort of chronic low-back pain patients (CBP). We conducted 2 coordinate-based meta-analyses to determine which regions within the MTL showed consistent spatial patterns of functional activation (1) in response to experimental pain in healthy participants and (2) in chronic pain compared with healthy participants. We followed PRISMA guidelines and performed activation likelihood estimate (ALE) meta-analyses. The first meta-analysis revealed consistent activation in the right anterior hippocampus (right antHC), parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala. The second meta-analysis revealed consistently less activation in patients' right antHC, compared with healthy participants. We then conducted a seed-to-voxel resting state functional connectivity of the right antHC seed with the rest of the brain in 77 CBP and 79 age-matched healthy participants. We found that CBP had significantly weaker antHC functional connectivity to the medial prefrontal cortex compared with healthy participants. Taken together, these data indicate that the antHC has abnormally lower activity in chronic pain and reduced connectivity to the medial prefrontal cortex in CBP. Future studies should investigate the specific role of the antHC in the development and management of chronic pain.
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14
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Katzka DA, Pandolfino JE, Kahrilas PJ. Phenotypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Where Rome, Lyon, and Montreal Meet. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 18:767-776. [PMID: 31319183 PMCID: PMC6960363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is now one of the most common diagnoses made in a gastroenterology practice. From a conventional pathophysiological perspective, GERD is conceptualized as incompetence of the antireflux barrier at the esophagogastric junction; the more severe that incompetence, the worse the disease. However, it is increasingly clear that many presentations of GERD represent distinct phenotypes with unique predisposing cofactors and pathophysiology outside of this paradigm. Three major consensus initiatives have grappled with this dilemma (the Montreal Consensus, The Rome Foundation, and the Lyon Consensus), each from a different perspective. Montreal struggled to define the disease, Rome sought to characterize its functional attributes, while Lyon examined its physiological attributes. Here, we merge the 3 perspectives, developing the concept that what has come to be known as GERD is actually a family of syndromes with a complex matrix of contributing pathophysiology. A corollary to this is that the concept of one size fits all to therapeutics does not apply, and that although escalating treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be pertinent to healing esophagitis, its applicability beyond that is highly questionable. Similarly, failing to recognize the modulating effects of anxiety, hypervigilance, and visceral and central hypersensitivity on symptom severity has greatly oversimplified the problem. That oversimplification has led to excessive use of PPIs for everything captured under the GERD umbrella and shown a broad spectrum of syndromes less amenable to PPI therapy in any dose. It is with this in mind that we delineate this precision medicine concept of GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Katzka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John E Pandolfino
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Peter J Kahrilas
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
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15
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Zhao W, Song L, Du J, Li X, Wang H, Cheng L, Li J, Zhang L, Li X, Yang Q, Xu Y. The Similarity Between Chinese Five-Pattern and Eysenck's Personality Traits: Evidence From Theory and Resting-State fMRI. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:38. [PMID: 32116615 PMCID: PMC7031677 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese five-pattern and Eysenck’s personality traits are two types of personality theories based on different cultural backgrounds. The former is an indigenous theory, and the latter is a cross-cultural theory. In order to verify the relationship between two different personality traits from theory and neuropsychology, the current study recruited 170 healthy adults to calculate their five-Pattern Personality Inventory (FPPI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ) scales and to scan their brains using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, we performed stepwise-regression analysis and mediation-effect analysis to explore the association between brain regional homogeneity (ReHo) and two types of personality traits. The results showed that the ReHo of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) positively correlated with TaiYang traits for FPPI and that there was a significant linear relationship with extraversion and neuroticism for EPQ. Besides, the ReHo of the right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) positively correlated with TaiYin for FPPI, and it also showed a significant linear relationship with neuroticism for EPQ. Furthermore, we found that extroversion and neuroticism partially mediated the relationship between five-pattern personality traits and the regional brain function, based on the mediation-effect analysis. Our findings suggest that Chinese five-pattern personality traits have a close relationship with Eysenck’s personality traits and that both may be engaged in similar neurobiological mechanisms in common brain regions to some extent. Hence, these findings first reveal a relationship between Chinese traditional personality traits and Western Eysenck’s personality traits in terms of both theoretical and neurobiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenTao Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - LiPing Song
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian Du
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoZhen Li
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - XinRong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - QiuLi Yang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Humanities and Social Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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16
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Dong D, Li C, Zhong X, Gao Y, Cheng C, Sun X, Xiong G, Ming Q, Zhang X, Wang X, Yao S. Neuroticism modulates neural activities of posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus during psychosocial stress processing. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:223-228. [PMID: 31727395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with higher neuroticism are vulnerable to stress and are prone to develop depression, however, the neural mechanisms underlying it have not been clarified clearly. METHOD The Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST) was administered to 148 healthy adults during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Whole-brain voxel-wise regression analyses were used to detect associations of neuroticism with neural activity involved in perceiving and processing psychosocial stress. In addition, two-sample t-tests were conducted between the high-neurotic and low-neurotic group in order to supplement the results found in regression analyses. RESULTS Higher neuroticism scores were associated with higher activities in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus and thalamus (p < 0.05, false discovery rate correction). Moreover, two sample t-tests also revealed that the high-neurotic group had higher neural stress responses in precuneus and bilateral thalamus in comparison to the low-neurotic group (p < 0.05, false discovery rate correction). LIMITATIONS Our study mainly recruited young adults, which may limit the generalizability of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the crucial role of PCC/precuneus and thalamus in the association between neuroticism and stress and may provide insight into the cognitive model of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daifeng Dong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuting Li
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Zhong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yidian Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Cheng
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Sun
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ge Xiong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingsen Ming
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocui Zhang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuqiao Yao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China; Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha, Hunan, China.
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17
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Brown N, Wojtalik JA, Turkel M, Vuper T, Strasshofer D, Sheline YI, Bruce SE. Neuroticism and Its Associated Brain Activation in Women With PTSD. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2020; 35:341-363. [PMID: 29294627 DOI: 10.1177/0886260516682519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous research suggests a diathesis-stress model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), wherein individuals with high levels of neuroticism who are exposed to traumatic events subsequently develop PTSD. Although studies have established relationships between neuroticism and neurological functioning in various brain regions for healthy and depressed individuals, the specific neural correlates of neuroticism for individuals with PTSD are yet unknown. This relationship is particularly relevant for women, given that their increased risk for PTSD is partially accounted for by their higher baseline levels of neuroticism. The current study examined previously established neural correlates of neuroticism in 61 women (48 women with interpersonal violence [IPV]/PTSD and 13 healthy controls). A specific region of interest map, including the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), was examined while participants completed an emotional conflict task. Results showed that the PTSD group had significantly higher neuroticism scores than the healthy control group (t = 6.90, p < .001). Higher neuroticism scores were associated with increased neural activity in the right dmPFC when participants were instructed to directly attend to faces with negative emotional valences. Significant trends between higher neuroticism scores and greater right amygdala and right ACC activation also emerged for this condition. Finally, neuroticism was found to be associated with right amygdala and right parahippocampal activity when participants were instructed to ignore faces with negative emotional valences. The results of this study lend further evidence to the proposed diathesis-stress model of neuroticism and PTSD. Moreover, findings suggest a significant association between neuroticism and neural activity in brain regions associated with fear and emotion regulation for women with IPV and subsequent PTSD.
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18
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Changes of EEG band oscillations to tonic cold pain and the behavioral inhibition and fight-flight-freeze systems. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 2:e12. [PMID: 32435747 PMCID: PMC7219698 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2019.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Using electroencephalography (EEG) power measures within conventional delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands, the aims of the current study were to highlight cortical correlates of subjective perception of cold pain (CP) and the associations of these measures with behavioral inhibition system (BIS), fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS), and behavioral approach system personality traits. EEG was recorded in 55 healthy right-handed women under (i) a white noise interruption detection condition (Baseline); (ii) enduring CP induced by the cold cup test. CP and Baseline EEG band power scores within conventional frequency bands served for covariance analyses. We found that: (1) higher Pain scorers had higher EEG beta power changes at left frontal, midline central, posterior temporal leads; (2) higher BIS was associated with greater EEG delta activity changes at parietal scalp regions; (3) higher FFFS was associated with higher EEG delta activity changes at temporal and left-parietal regions, and with lower EEG gamma activity changes at right parietal regions. High FFFS, compared to Low FFFS scorers, also showed a lower gamma power across the midline, posterior temporal, and parietal regions. Results suggest a functional role of higher EEG beta activity in the subjective perception of tonic pain. EEG delta activity underpins conflict resolution system responsible for passive avoidance control of pain, while higher EEG delta and lower EEG gamma activity changes, taken together, underpin active avoidance system responsible for pain escape behavior.
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19
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Fass R, Shibli F, Tawil J. Diagnosis and Management of Functional Chest Pain in the Rome IV Era. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019; 25:487-498. [PMID: 31587539 PMCID: PMC6786446 DOI: 10.5056/jnm19146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional chest pain accounts for about a third of the patients with noncardiac chest pain. It is a very common functional esophageal disorder that remains even today a management challenge to the practicing physician. Based on the definition offered by the Rome IV criteria, diagnosis of functional chest pain requires a negative workup of noncardiac chest pain patients that includes, proton pump inhibitor test or empirical proton pump inhibitor trial, endoscopy with esophageal mucosal biopsies, reflux testing, and esophageal manometry. The mainstay of treatment are neuromodulators that are primarily composed of anti-depressants. Alternative medicine and psychological interventions may be provided alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie Fass
- The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fahmi Shibli
- The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jose Tawil
- Departamento de Trastornos Funcionales Digestivos, Gedyt-Gastroenterología Diagnóstica y Terapéutica, BuenosAires, Argentina
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20
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Neuroanatomical correlates of personality traits in temporal lobe epilepsy: Findings from the Epilepsy Connectome Project. Epilepsy Behav 2019; 98:220-227. [PMID: 31387000 PMCID: PMC6732015 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral and personality disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have been a topic of interest and controversy for decades, with less attention paid to alterations in normal personality structure and traits. In this investigation, core personality traits (the Big 5) and their neurobiological correlates in TLE were explored using the Neuroticism Extraversion Openness-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) through the Epilepsy Connectome Project (ECP). NEO-FFI scores from 67 individuals with TLE (34.6 ± 9.5 years; 67% women) were compared to 31 healthy controls (32.8 ± 8.9 years; 41% women) to assess differences in the Big 5 traits (agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion). Individuals with TLE showed significantly higher neuroticism, with no significant differences on the other traits. Neural correlates of neuroticism were then determined in participants with TLE including cortical and subcortical volumes. Distributed reductions in cortical gray matter volumes were associated with increased neuroticism. Subcortically, hippocampal and amygdala volumes were negatively associated with neuroticism. These results offer insight into alterations in the Big 5 personality traits in TLE and their brain-related correlates.
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21
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Luo S, Wu B, Fan X, Zhu Y, Wu X, Han S. Thoughts of death affect reward learning by modulating salience network activity. Neuroimage 2019; 202:116068. [PMID: 31398436 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoughts of death substantially influence human behavior and psychological well-being. A large number of behavioral studies have shown evidence that asking individuals to think about death or mortality salience leads to significant changes of their behaviors. These findings support the well-known terror management theory to account for the psychological mechanisms of existential anxiety. However, despite increasing findings of mortality salience effects on human behavior, how the brain responds to reminders of mortality and changes the activity underlying subsequent behavior remains poorly understood. By scanning healthy adults (N = 80) of both sexes using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we showed that, relative to reading emotionally neutral sentences, reading sentences that evoke death-related thoughts decreased the salience network activity, reduced the connectivity between the cingulate cortex and other brain regions during a subsequent resting state, and dampened the speed of learning reward-related objects and cingulate responses to loss feedback during a subsequent reward learning task. In addition, the decreased resting-state cingulate connectivity mediated the association between salience network deactivations in response to reminders of mortality and suppressed cingulate responses to loss feedback. Finally, the suppressed cingulate responses to loss feedback further predicted the dampened speed of reward learning. Our findings demonstrate sequential modulations of the salience network activity by mortality salience, which provide a neural basis for understanding human behavior under mortality threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The 7th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Fan
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinhuai Wu
- Department of Radiology, The 7th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Shihui Han
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Towards a neuroscience-based theory of personality: within-subjects dissociation of human brain activity during pursuit and goal conflict. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 2:e4. [PMID: 32435739 PMCID: PMC7219687 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2019.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As demonstrated by neuroimaging data, the human brain contains systems that control responses to threat. The revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of personality predicts that individual differences in the reactivity of these brain systems produce anxiety and fear-related personality traits. Here we discuss some of the challenges in testing this theory and, as an example, present a pilot study that aimed to dissociate brain activity during pursuit by threat and goal conflict. We did this by translating the Mouse Defense Test Battery for human fMRI use. In this version, dubbed the Joystick Operated Runway Task (JORT), we repeatedly exposed 24 participants to pursuit and goal conflict, with and without threat of electric shock. The runway design of JORT allowed the effect of threat distance on brain activation to be evaluated independently of context. Goal conflict plus threat of electric shock caused deactivation in a network of brain areas that included the fusiform and middle temporal gyri, as well as the default mode network core, including medial frontal regions, precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus, and laterally the inferior parietal and angular gyri. Consistent with earlier research, we also found that imminent threat activated the midbrain and that this effect was significantly stronger during the simple pursuit condition than during goal conflict. Also consistent with earlier research, we found significantly greater hippocampal activation during goal conflict than pursuit by imminent threat. In conclusion, our results contribute knowledge to theories linking anxiety disorders to altered functioning in defensive brain systems and also highlight challenges in this research domain.
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23
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Weltens N, Iven J, Van Oudenhove L, Kano M. The gut-brain axis in health neuroscience: implications for functional gastrointestinal disorders and appetite regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1428:129-150. [PMID: 30255954 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, scientific interest in the gut-brain axis (i.e., the bidirectional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain) has exploded, mostly due to the identification of the gut microbiota as a novel key player in this communication. However, important progress has also been made in other aspects of gut-brain axis research, which has been relatively underemphasized in the review literature. Therefore, in this review, we provide a comprehensive, although not exhaustive, overview of recent research on the functional neuroanatomy of the gut-brain axis and its relevance toward the multidisciplinary field of health neuroscience, excluding studies on the role of the gut microbiota. More specifically, we first focus on irritable bowel syndrome, after which we outline recent findings on the role of the gut-brain axis in appetite and feeding regulation, primarily focusing on the impact of subliminal nutrient-related gut-brain signals. We conclude by providing future perspectives to facilitate translation of the findings from gut-brain axis neuroscientific research to clinical applications in these domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Weltens
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism, and Ageing (CHROMETA), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Iven
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism, and Ageing (CHROMETA), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lukas Van Oudenhove
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism, and Ageing (CHROMETA), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Brain Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michiko Kano
- Frontiers Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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24
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Wang W, Fang Z. Linear scalar-on-surface random effects regression models. J Appl Stat 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2018.1502262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Surgical Outcomes and Analysis, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zhuo Fang
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Strategy-dependent modulation of cortical pain circuits for the attenuation of pain. Cortex 2019; 113:255-266. [PMID: 30711854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of cognitive strategies to attenuate pain has been reported in various behavioural studies, however the underlying neuronal mechanisms are only now beginning to be understood. Using a 7 T fMRI, we investigated three different pain attenuation strategies in 20 healthy subjects via: (a) non-imaginal distraction by counting backwards in steps of seven; (b) imaginal distraction by imagining a safe place; and (c) reinterpretation of the pain valence (reappraisal). Although we found considerable variability in the performances, all strategies exhibited a significant relief of pain compared to an unmodulated pain condition. Our finding argues against a subject's potential predisposition for a certain attenuation approach, as some of the subjects performed well on all attenuation tasks yet others performed low on all attenuation tasks. We further investigated the variability of performance within-subjects and explored the cortical regions that contribute to successful single attempts of pain attenuation at trial level. For each of the three tasks, we found a different pattern of brain activity that reflects the performance of pain attenuation. The more successful trials are related to reduced activity of different parts of the insular cortex. Behavioural data suggest that distraction is the preferable cognitive strategy to modulate pain perception. For three different cognitive strategies we revealed brain regions that are suggested to reliably modulate the perception of pain. The findings could be of utmost benefit for future attempts to integrate neuroscientific techniques into the treatment of pain. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether the present results are transferable to patients as an essential part of the multimodal therapy for chronic pain. These patients may also benefit from additional neurofeedback techniques by combining the strategies with the cortical feedback in order to modulate pain-related brain activity.
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26
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Kano M, Dupont P, Aziz Q, Fukudo S. Understanding Neurogastroenterology From Neuroimaging Perspective: A Comprehensive Review of Functional and Structural Brain Imaging in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 24:512-527. [PMID: 30041284 PMCID: PMC6175554 DOI: 10.5056/jnm18072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of brain imaging studies of the brain-gut interaction in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Functional neuroimaging studies during gut stimulation have shown enhanced brain responses in regions related to sensory processing of the homeostatic condition of the gut (homeostatic afferent) and responses to salience stimuli (salience network), as well as increased and decreased brain activity in the emotional response areas and reduced activation in areas associated with the top-down modulation of visceral afferent signals. Altered central regulation of the endocrine and autonomic nervous responses, the key mediators of the brain-gut axis, has been demonstrated. Studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging reported abnormal local and global connectivity in the areas related to pain processing and the default mode network (a physiological baseline of brain activity at rest associated with self-awareness and memory) in FGIDs. Structural imaging with brain morphometry and diffusion imaging demonstrated altered gray- and white-matter structures in areas that also showed changes in functional imaging studies, although this requires replication. Molecular imaging by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography in FGIDs remains relatively sparse. Progress using analytical methods such as machine learning algorithms may shift neuroimaging studies from brain mapping to predicting clinical outcomes. Because several factors contribute to the pathophysiology of FGIDs and because its population is quite heterogeneous, a new model is needed in future studies to assess the importance of the factors and brain functions that are responsible for an optimal homeostatic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kano
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai,
Japan
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai,
Japan
- Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai,
Japan
| | | | - Qasim Aziz
- Center for Digestive Diseases, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London,
UK
| | - Shin Fukudo
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai,
Japan
- Psychosomatic Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai,
Japan
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27
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Ruffle JK, Coen SJ, Giampietro V, Williams SCR, Aziz Q, Farmer AD. Preliminary report: parasympathetic tone links to functional brain networks during the anticipation and experience of visceral pain. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13410. [PMID: 30194351 PMCID: PMC6128833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that underpin the anti-nociceptive effect of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) on visceral pain remain incompletely understood. We sought to describe the effect of resting parasympathetic tone on functional brain networks during the anticipation and experience of oesophageal pain. 21 healthy participants had their resting cardiac vagal tone (CVT), a validated measure of the PNS, quantified, and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during the anticipation and experience of painful oesophageal distention. The relationship between resting CVT and functional brain networks was examined using 11 hypothesis-driven nodes and network-based statistics. A network comprising all nodes was apparent in individuals with high resting CVT, compared to those with low CVT, during oesophageal pain (family wise error rate (FWER)-corrected p < 0.048). Functional connections included the thalamus-amygdala, thalamus-hypothalamus, hypothalamus-nucleus accumbens, amygdala-pallidum, pallidum-nucleus accumbens and insula-pallidum. A smaller network was seen during pain anticipation, comprising the amygdala, pallidum and anterior insula (FWER-corrected p < 0.049). These findings suggest that PNS tone is associated with functional brain networks during the anticipation and experience of visceral pain. Given the role of these subcortical regions in the descending inhibitory modulation of pain, these networks may represent a potential neurobiological explanation for the anti-nociceptive effect of the PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Ruffle
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street, London, E1 2AJ, UK
| | - Steven J Coen
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Steven C R Williams
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Neuroimaging, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street, London, E1 2AJ, UK.
| | - Adam D Farmer
- Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street, London, E1 2AJ, UK.,Institute of Applied Clinical Sciences, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
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Neuroticism Magnifies the Detrimental Association between Social Media Addiction Symptoms and Wellbeing in Women, but Not in Men: a three-Way Moderation Model. Psychiatr Q 2018; 89:605-619. [PMID: 29396749 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-018-9563-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Addiction symptoms in relation to the use of social networking sites (SNS) can be associated with reduced wellbeing. However, the mechanisms that can control this association have not been fully characterized, despite their relevance to effective treatment of individuals presenting SNS addiction symptoms. In this study we hypothesize that sex and neuroticism, which are important determinants of how people evaluate and respond to addiction symptoms, moderate this association. To examine these assertions, we employed hierarchical linear and logistic regression techniques to analyze data collected with a cross-sectional survey of 215 Israeli college students who use SNS. Results lend support to the hypothesized negative association between SNS addiction symptoms and wellbeing (as well as potentially being at-risk for low mood/ mild depression), and the ideas that (1) this association is augmented by neuroticism, and (2) that the augmentation is stronger for women than for men. They demonstrated that the sexes may differ in their SNS addiction-wellbeing associations: while men had similar addiction symptoms -wellbeing associations across neuroticism levels, women with high levels of neuroticism presented much steeper associations compared to women with low neuroticism. This provides an interesting account of possible "telescoping effect", the idea that addicted women present a more severe clinical profile compared to men, in the case of technology-"addictions".
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Quigley BM, Sova CC, Brenner DM, Keefer LA, Sitrin MD, Radziwon CD, Krasner SS, Lackner JM. (Can't Get No) Patient Satisfaction: The Predictive Power of Demographic, GI, and Psychological Factors in IBS Patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2018; 52:614-621. [PMID: 28787357 PMCID: PMC5797525 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
GOALS The goal of this study is to assess: (1) the relative contribution of patient factors to satisfaction ratings in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and (2) the relationship between patient satisfaction (PS) and the number of diagnostic tests patients underwent prior to receiving IBS diagnosis. BACKGROUND Although PS is regarded as an important indicator of quality of care, little is known about its determinants. STUDY A total of 448 Rome III-diagnosed patients (M age=41 y; 79% F), whose GI symptoms were at least moderate in severity completed patient-reported outcome measures as part of pretreatment evaluation of an NIH-funded clinical trial. PS was measured with the 11-point Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems global rating scale modified to assess for IBS treatments. A series of multiple regression analyses were conducted for demographic, IBS-specific, general physical health, and psychological predictors before running a final model of significant predictors from each domain. RESULTS The final regression model was significant, F6,419=6.34, P<0.001, R=0.08, with race, insurance, number of diagnostic tests, and lower neuroticism predicting PS. Medical tests were rendered nonsignificant when history of seeking care from a gastroenterologist was introduced into the equation. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to hypotheses, neither the IBS symptom severity nor quality of life impairment predicted PS. Patient factors such as a neurotic personality style and sociodemographic profile had a significant but modest impact on PS. Pattern of regression analyses suggests that patients may turn to their gastroenterologist for testing for reassurance, which may in the long-term fuel demand for more testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Quigley
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, SUNY Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christopher C. Sova
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Darren M. Brenner
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laurie A. Keefer
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael D. Sitrin
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Susan S. Krasner
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Lackner
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo School of Medicine, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, USA
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30
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Gillett JL, Mattacola E. RETRACTION: The moderating factors of neuroticism and extraversion in pain anticipation. Br J Pain 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2049463717728039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Gillett
- Psychology Department, The University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| | - Emily Mattacola
- Psychology Department, The University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
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31
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Ruffle JK, Coen SJ, Giampietro V, Williams SC, Apkarian AV, Farmer AD, Aziz Q. Morphology of subcortical brain nuclei is associated with autonomic function in healthy humans. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:381-392. [PMID: 29080228 PMCID: PMC6866383 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a brain body interface which serves to maintain homeostasis by influencing a plethora of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiorespiratory regulation and nociception. Accumulating evidence suggests that ANS function is disturbed in numerous prevalent clinical disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. While the brain is a central hub for regulating autonomic function, the association between resting autonomic activity and subcortical morphology has not been comprehensively studied and thus was our aim. In 27 healthy subjects [14 male and 13 female; mean age 30 years (range 22-53 years)], we quantified resting ANS function using validated indices of cardiac sympathetic index (CSI) and parasympathetic cardiac vagal tone (CVT). High resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired, and differences in subcortical nuclei shape, that is, 'deformation', contingent on resting ANS activity were investigated. CSI positively correlated with outward deformation of the brainstem, right nucleus accumbens, right amygdala and bilateral pallidum (all thresholded to corrected P < 0.05). In contrast, parasympathetic CVT negatively correlated with inward deformation of the right amygdala and pallidum (all thresholded to corrected P < 0.05). Left and right putamen volume positively correlated with CVT (r = 0.62, P = 0.0047 and r = 0.59, P = 0.008, respectively), as did the brainstem (r = 0.46, P = 0.049). These data provide novel evidence that resting autonomic state is associated with differences in the shape and volume of subcortical nuclei. Thus, subcortical morphological brain differences in various disorders may partly be attributable to perturbation in autonomic function. Further work is warranted to investigate these findings in clinical populations. Hum Brain Mapp 39:381-392, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K. Ruffle
- Centre for Neuroscience and TraumaBlizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield StreetLondonE1 2AJUnited Kingdom
- Medical Acute Assessment Unit, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, WhitechapelLondonE1 1BBUnited Kingdom
| | - Steven J. Coen
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health PsychologyUniversity College London, Gower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of NeuroimagingKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceLondonSE5 8AFUnited Kingdom
| | - Steven C.R. Williams
- Department of NeuroimagingKing's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceLondonSE5 8AFUnited Kingdom
| | - A. Vania Apkarian
- Department of PhysiologyNorthwestern University, Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois60611
| | - Adam D. Farmer
- Centre for Neuroscience and TraumaBlizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield StreetLondonE1 2AJUnited Kingdom
- Department of GastroenterologyUniversity Hospitals Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on TrentStaffordshireST4 6QGUnited Kingdom
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Centre for Neuroscience and TraumaBlizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield StreetLondonE1 2AJUnited Kingdom
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Personality and placebo analgesia during cold stimulation in women: A Low-Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) analysis of startle ERPs. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Kano M, Muratsubaki T, Van Oudenhove L, Morishita J, Yoshizawa M, Kohno K, Yagihashi M, Tanaka Y, Mugikura S, Dupont P, Ly HG, Takase K, Kanazawa M, Fukudo S. Altered brain and gut responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12425. [PMID: 28963545 PMCID: PMC5622133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a known trigger of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and exacerbates its gastrointestinal symptoms. However, underlying the physiological mechanism remains unknown. Here, we investigated hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, colonic motility, and autonomic responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) administration as well as brain activity alterations in IBS. The study included 28 IBS patients and 34 age and sex-matched healthy control subjects. IBS patients demonstrated greater adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to CRH than control subjects. Male IBS patients had greater increases in colonic motility than male HCs after CRH. Female IBS patients showed altered sympathovagal balance and lower basal parasympathetic tone relative to female control subjects. Brain responses to rectal distention were measured in the same subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging, and their associations with individual ACTH responses to CRH were tested. A negative association between ACTH response to CRH and activity in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC) during rectal distention was identified in controls but not in IBS patients. Impaired top-down inhibitory input from the pregenual ACC to the HPA axis may lead to altered neuroendocrine and gastrointestinal responses to CRH. Centrally acting treatments may dampen the stress induced physical symptoms in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kano
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Muratsubaki
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Lukas Van Oudenhove
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joe Morishita
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshizawa
- Research Division on Advanced Information Technology, Cyberscience Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiji Kohno
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mao Yagihashi
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukari Tanaka
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunji Mugikura
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Patrick Dupont
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Huynh Giao Ly
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kei Takase
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoyori Kanazawa
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin Fukudo
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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35
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Abstract
The Rome IV diagnostic criteria delineates 5 functional esophageal disorders which include functional chest pain, functional heartburn, reflux hypersensitivity, globus, and functional dysphagia. These are a heterogenous group of disorders which, despite having characteristic symptom profiles attributable to esophageal pathology, fail to demonstrate any structural, motility or inflammatory abnormalities on standard clinical testing. These disorders are associated with a marked reduction in patient quality of life, not least considerable healthcare resources. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of these disorders is incompletely understood. In this narrative review we provide the reader with an introductory primer to the structure and function of esophageal perception, including nociception that forms the basis of the putative mechanisms that may give rise to symptoms in functional esophageal disorders. We also discuss the provocative techniques and outcome measures by which esophageal hypersensitivity can be established.
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36
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Analysis of alcohol use disorders from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample: Correlation of brain cortical thickness with neuroticism. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 170:66-73. [PMID: 27875803 PMCID: PMC5183556 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although differences in both neuroanatomical measures and personality traits, in particular neuroticism, have been associated with alcohol use disorders (AUD), whether lifetime AUD diagnosis alters the relationship between neuroticism and neuroanatomical structures remains to be determined. METHODS Data from 65 patients with lifetime AUD diagnoses and 65 healthy comparisons (HC) group-matched on age, sex and race were extracted from the Nathan Kline Institute - Rockland Sample data set. Each subject completed personality trait measures and underwent MRI scanning. Cortical thickness measures at 68 Desikan-Killiany Atlas regions were obtained using FreeSurfer 5.3.0. Regression analyses were performed to identify brain regions at which the neuroticism-cortical thickness relationship was altered by lifetime AUD status. RESULTS As expected, AUDs had higher neuroticism scores than HCs. Correlations between neuroticism and cortical thickness in the left insula and right fusiform differed significantly across groups. Higher neuroticism score in AUD and the interaction between the insular cortical thickness-neuroticism correlation and AUD status were confirmed in a replication study using the Human Connectome Project data set. CONCLUSIONS Results confirmed the relationship between neuroticism and AUD and suggests that specific cortical regions, particularly the left insula, represent anatomic substrates underlying this association in AUD.
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37
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Neuroticism and Individual Differences in Neural Function in Unmedicated Major Depression: Findings from the EMBARC Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2016; 2:138-148. [PMID: 28983519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality dysfunction represents one of the only predictors of differential response between active treatments for depression to have replicated. In this study, we examine whether depressed patients with higher neuroticism scores, a marker of personality dysfunction, show differences versus depressed patients with lower scores in the functioning of two brain regions associated with treatment response, the anterior cingulate and anterior insula cortices. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging data during an emotional Stroop task were collected from 135 adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder at four academic medical centers participating in the Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care (EMBARC) study. Secondary analyses were conducted including a sample of 28 healthy individuals. RESULTS In whole-brain analyses, higher neuroticism among depressed adults was associated with increased activity in and connectivity with the right anterior insula cortex to incongruent compared to congruent emotional stimuli (ks>281, ps<0.05 FWE corrected), covarying for concurrent psychiatric distress. We also observed an unanticipated relationship between neuroticism and reduced activity in the precuneus (k=269, p<0.05 FWE corrected). Exploratory analyses including healthy individuals suggested that associations between neuroticism and brain function may be nonlinear over the full range of neuroticism scores. CONCLUSIONS This study provides convergent evidence for the importance of the right anterior insula cortex as a brain-based marker of clinically meaningful individual differences in neuroticism among adults with depression. This is a critical next step in linking personality dysfunction, a replicated clinical predictor of differential antidepressant treatment response, with differences in underlying brain function.
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38
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Hoff DAL, Brock C, Farmer AD, Dickman R, Ruffle JK, Shaker A, Drewes AM. Pharmacological and other treatment modalities for esophageal pain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1380:58-66. [PMID: 27442914 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of esophageal pain remains a major challenge for the clinician. Although many patients have heartburn and may respond to proton pump inhibitors, there in an unmet need for other treatment modalities in patients where there are no obvious pathological findings. Although analgesics are the mainstay in esophageal pain treatment, many patients are nonresponders to these drugs. The current concise review focuses on other systems affecting pain processing, where better understanding may serve as a framework for therapy. These are the parasympathetic nervous system, exercise, and personality profiles. Finally, treatment with analgesics for functional chest pain remains a challenge, and an overview of treatment with antidepressive drugs is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff
- Clinic of Medicine HMR Hospital Trust, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalesund Hospital, Aalesund, Norway.
| | - Christina Brock
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Adam D Farmer
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Ram Dickman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva & Sackler School of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - James K Ruffle
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anisa Shaker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Asbjørn M Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Farmer AD, Franchina M, Gregersen H, Penagini R, Shaker A, Soffer E. Provocative testing of the esophagus and its future. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1380:33-47. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam D. Farmer
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London United Kingdom
- Department of Gastroenterology; University Hospitals of North Midlands; Stoke on Trent Staffordshire United Kingdom
| | - Marianna Franchina
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi of Milan and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
| | - Hans Gregersen
- GIOME, College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing China
- Department of Surgery; Prince of Wales Hospital; Shatin Hong Kong SAR
| | - Roberto Penagini
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi of Milan and Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
| | - Anisa Shaker
- Department of Medicine; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Edy Soffer
- Department of Medicine; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
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Smith JK, Marciani L, Humes DJ, Francis ST, Gowland P, Spiller RC. Anticipation of thermal pain in diverticular disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:900-13. [PMID: 26970346 PMCID: PMC4879512 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relative importance of peripheral nerve injury or central pain processing in painful diverticular disease (DD) is unclear. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has demonstrated that dysfunctional central pain processing predominates in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aims to identify anticipatory changes in symptomatic DD (SDD) compared to asymptomatic DD (ADD) and IBS patients. METHODS Gastrointestinal symptoms and somatization were evaluated via the Patient Health Question-12 Somatic Symptom and the SDD group divided into low (≤6 [LSDD]) and high (≥7 [HSDD]) somatization. Cued painful cutaneous thermal stimuli were delivered to the left hand and foot during fMRI. Fixed effect group analysis of the 'cued' anticipatory phase was performed. KEY RESULTS Within the right posterior insula, greater deactivation was found in the ADD compared to other groups. In emotion processing centers, anterior and middle insula, greater activation was identified in all patient compared to the ADD group, and in LSDD compared to IBS and HSDD groups. In comparison, amygdala deactivation was greater in ADD than the IBS and HSDD groups, and in LSDD vs HSDD groups. Descending nociceptive control centers, such as the superior medial frontal and orbitofrontal cortex, also showed greater deactivation in the ADD and LSDD compared to the HSDD and IBS groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The HSDD group have altered anticipatory responses to thermal pain, similar to IBS group. The LSDD are similar to ADD group. This suggests underlying differences in pain pathophysiology, and the need for individualized treatment strategies to target the cause of their chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Smith
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - L. Marciani
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance CentreSchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - D. J. Humes
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research UnitNottingham University HospitalsUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - S. T. Francis
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance CentreSchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - P. Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance CentreSchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - R. C. Spiller
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research UnitNottingham University HospitalsUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Abstract
Pain related to cardiac disease has been recognised for centuries. However, the precise mechanisms of angina pectoris remain bafflingly obscure. Conventional cardiological angina management concentrates on methods to improve oxygen delivery to cardiac myocytes as our understanding of cardiac muscle cells' response to hypoxia increases. In common with other chronic visceral pain syndromes, little is understood about how pain signals are generated and propagated by visceral nerves. Improved imaging and other physiological assessments have demonstrated important central nervous system (CNS) responses to myocardial ischaemia, including activation of CNS areas known to be 'key players' in chronic pain syndromes. Patients with stable angina usually have an excellent prognosis, especially if left ventricular function is preserved. Educating patients about their condition, teaching simple techniques known to help chronic pain patients and introducing targeted pain treatments specific to angina can be extremely helpful adjuncts to conventional cardiological treatments and will often bring about significant improvements in quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Leach
- Royal Liverpool & Broadgreen University Hospitals, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mike Fisher
- Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, UK
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Lange I, Kasanova Z, Goossens L, Leibold N, De Zeeuw CI, van Amelsvoort T, Schruers K. The anatomy of fear learning in the cerebellum: A systematic meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 59:83-91. [PMID: 26441374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuro-imaging studies have implicated the cerebellum in several higher-order functions. Its role in human fear conditioning has, however, received limited attention. The current meta-analysis examines the loci of cerebellar contributions to fear conditioning in healthy subjects, thus mapping, for the first time, the neural response to conditioned aversive stimuli onto the cerebellum. By using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) technique for analyses, we identified several distinct regions in the cerebellum that activate in response to the presentation of the conditioned stimulus: the cerebellar tonsils, lobules HIV-VI, and the culmen. These regions have separately been implicated in fear acquisition, consolidation of fear memories and expression of conditioned fear responses. Their specific role in these processes may be attributed to the general contribution of cerebellar cortical networks to timing and prediction. Our meta-analysis highlights the potential role of the cerebellum in human cognition and emotion in general, and addresses the possibility how deficits in associative cerebellar learning may play a role in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. Future studies are needed to further clarify the mechanistic role of the cerebellum in higher order functions and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lange
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Zuzana Kasanova
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbet Goossens
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Leibold
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Schruers
- Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands; University of Leuven, Faculty of Psychology, Center for Experimental and Learning Psychology, Leuven, Belgium
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Classical conditioning of analgesic and hyperalgesic pain responses without conscious awareness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:7863-7. [PMID: 25979940 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1504567112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain reduction and enhancement can be produced by means of conditioning procedures, yet the role of awareness during the acquisition stage of classical conditioning is unknown. We used psychophysical measures to establish whether conditioned analgesic and hyperalgesic responses could be acquired by unseen (subliminally presented) stimuli. A 2 × 2 factorial design, including subliminal/supraliminal exposures of conditioning stimuli (CS) during acquisition/extinction, was used. Results showed significant analgesic and hyperalgesic responses (P < 0.001), and responses were independent of CS awareness, as subliminal/supraliminal cues during acquisition/extinction led to comparable outcomes. The effect was significantly larger for hyperalgesic than analgesic responses (P < 0.001). Results demonstrate that conscious awareness of the CS is not required during either acquisition or extinction of conditioned analgesia or hyperalgesia. Our results support the notion that nonconscious stimuli have a pervasive effect on human brain function and behavior and may affect learning of complex cognitive processes such as psychologically mediated analgesic and hyperalgesic responses.
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Ruffle JK, Farmer AD, Kano M, Giampietro V, Aziz Q, Coen SJ. The influence of extraversion on brain activity at baseline and during the experience and expectation of visceral pain. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Icenhour A, Langhorst J, Benson S, Schlamann M, Hampel S, Engler H, Forsting M, Elsenbruch S. Neural circuitry of abdominal pain-related fear learning and reinstatement in irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:114-27. [PMID: 25557224 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered pain anticipation likely contributes to disturbed central pain processing in chronic pain conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the learning processes shaping the expectation of pain remain poorly understood. We assessed the neural circuitry mediating the formation, extinction, and reactivation of abdominal pain-related memories in IBS patients compared to healthy controls (HC) in a differential fear conditioning paradigm. METHODS During fear acquisition, predictive visual cues (CS(+)) were paired with rectal distensions (US), while control cues (CS(-)) were presented unpaired. During extinction, only CSs were presented. Subsequently, memory reactivation was assessed with a reinstatement procedure involving unexpected USs. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, group differences in neural activation to CS(+) vs CS(-) were analyzed, along with skin conductance responses (SCR), CS valence, CS-US contingency, state anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha-amylase activity. The contribution of anxiety symptoms was addressed in covariance analyses. KEY RESULTS Fear acquisition was altered in IBS, as indicated by more accurate contingency awareness, greater CS-related valence change, and enhanced CS(+)-induced differential activation of prefrontal cortex and amygdala. IBS patients further revealed enhanced differential cingulate activation during extinction and greater differential hippocampal activation during reinstatement. Anxiety affected neural responses during memory formation and reinstatement. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Abdominal pain-related fear learning and memory processes are altered in IBS, mediated by amygdala, cingulate cortex, prefrontal areas, and hippocampus. Enhanced reinstatement may contribute to hypervigilance and central pain amplification, especially in anxious patients. Preventing a 'relapse' of learned fear utilizing extinction-based interventions may be a promising treatment goal in IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Icenhour
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Tkalcic M, Domijan D, Pletikosic S, Setic M, Hauser G. Attentional biases in irritable bowel syndrome patients. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2014; 38:621-8. [PMID: 24679665 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE According to the cognitive behavioural model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) selective attention to visceral stimuli is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms in IBS. We aimed to investigate attentional biases in patients with IBS and to explore the relationship between neuroticism, trait anxiety, visceral anxiety and indices of attentional biases. METHODS Twenty-seven patients completed the global/local task and the modified Stroop task (using 4 word categories: neutral, symptom-related, emotionally and situationally relevant) while 28 healthy persons completed the Stroop task only. Both groups also filled out a set of psychological questionnaires. RESULTS The results show two distinct attentional biases in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The index of global precedence was negatively correlated with neuroticism (r=-.41, P<.05) while there was no correlation of global precedence with trait and visceral anxiety. We found Stroop facilitation (F[3,81]=3.98, P<.02) specifically for situational threat words. Also, there were positive correlations between trait anxiety, visceral anxiety and the Stroop facilitation index for situational threat words (r=.43 and r=.47, P<.05). In the control group, we found neither Stroop facilitation nor interference. But, facilitation index of emotional words was positively correlated with neuroticism (r=.40, P<.05), which is in line with the "emotion congruent attentional bias" in the general population. CONCLUSIONS Neuroticism was associated with the reduction in global precedence observed in the global/local task. Trait anxiety and visceral anxiety were associated with Stroop facilitation elicited by situational threat words, which are of particular concern for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. These specific situations do not elicit an attentional bias in healthy participants, which might indicate that the observed facilitation to situational threat words is unique for IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladenka Tkalcic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveucilisna avenija 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Drazen Domijan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveucilisna avenija 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sanda Pletikosic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveucilisna avenija 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mia Setic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Sveucilisna avenija 4, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Goran Hauser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Kresimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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47
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Abstract
With more than 100 studies published over the past two decades, functional brain imaging research in gastroenterology has become an established field; one that has enabled improved insight into the supraspinal responses evoked by gastrointestinal stimulation both in health and disease. However, there remains considerable inter-study variation in the published results, largely owing to methodological differences in stimulation and recording techniques, heterogeneous patient selection, lack of control for psychological factors and so on. These issues with reproducibility, although not unique to studies of the gastrointestinal tract, can lead to unjustified inferences. To obtain consistent and more clinically relevant results, there is a need to optimize and standardize brain imaging studies across different centres. In addition, the use of complementary and more novel brain imaging modalities and analyses, which are now being used in other fields of research, might help unravel the factors at play in functional gastrointestinal disorders. This Review highlights the areas in which functional brain imaging has been useful and what it has revealed, the areas that are in need of improvement, and finally suggestions for future directions.
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Kyeong S, Kim E, Park HJ, Hwang DU. Functional network organizations of two contrasting temperament groups in dimensions of novelty seeking and harm avoidance. Brain Res 2014; 1575:33-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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49
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Lacourt T, Houtveen J, Doornen L, Benson S, Grigoleit JS, Cesko E, Elsenbruch S. Biological and psychological predictors of visceral pain sensitivity in healthy premenopausal women. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:567-574. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00397.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T.E. Lacourt
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology; Social and Behavioral Sciences; Utrecht University; The Netherlands
| | - J.H. Houtveen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology; Social and Behavioral Sciences; Utrecht University; The Netherlands
| | - L.J.P. Doornen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology; Social and Behavioral Sciences; Utrecht University; The Netherlands
| | - S. Benson
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology; University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Germany
| | - J.-S. Grigoleit
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology; University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Germany
| | - E. Cesko
- Clinic of Dermatology; Venerology and Allergology; University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Germany
| | - S. Elsenbruch
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology; University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Germany
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50
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Goodwin L, Bourke JH, Forbes H, Hotopf M, Hull L, Jones N, Rona RJ, Wessely S, Fear NT. Irritable bowel syndrome in the UK military after deployment to Iraq: what are the risk factors? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48:1755-65. [PMID: 23636672 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-013-0699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diarrhoea and vomiting (D & V) was common in military personnel during deployment to the initial phases of the Iraq war. D & V is an established risk factor for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study examined the prevalence of IBS in a military sample with a history of deployment to Iraq and the association between D & V and common mental disorder (CMD) with IBS. METHODS The study used data from a two-phase cohort study of military/personnel. The sample was restricted to individuals who had been deployed to Iraq before phase 1 of the study and who had completed the self-report D & V question. A measure of probable IBS was derived at both phases of the study based on self-reported symptoms in the previous month. CMD was assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). RESULTS Fifty-nine percent of the sample reported a D & V event and 6.6 % met the criteria for probable IBS at phase 1. Reporting D & V, thinking one might be killed on deployment, poor physical health and CMD were associated with probable IBS at phase 1. CMD at phase 1 was strongly associated with chronic symptoms of IBS. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of D & V during deployment to the early stages of the Iraq war, yet the prevalence of probable IBS on return from deployment was relatively low. D & V was strongly associated with IBS after deployment, and CMD was a risk factor for chronic symptoms of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Goodwin
- King's Centre for Military Health Research, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, SE5 9RJ, UK,
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