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Casanova JL, MacMicking JD, Nathan CF. Interferon- γ and infectious diseases: Lessons and prospects. Science 2024; 384:eadl2016. [PMID: 38635718 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to claim many lives. Prevention of morbidity and mortality from these diseases would benefit not just from new medicines and vaccines but also from a better understanding of what constitutes protective immunity. Among the major immune signals that mobilize host defense against infection is interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a protein secreted by lymphocytes. Forty years ago, IFN-γ was identified as a macrophage-activating factor, and, in recent years, there has been a resurgent interest in IFN-γ biology and its role in human defense. Here we assess the current understanding of IFN-γ, revisit its designation as an "interferon," and weigh its prospects as a therapeutic against globally pervasive microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - John D MacMicking
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06477, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carl F Nathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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2
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Rosain J, Kiykim A, Michev A, Kendir-Demirkol Y, Rinchai D, Peel JN, Li H, Ocak S, Ozdemir PG, Le Voyer T, Philippot Q, Khan T, Neehus AL, Migaud M, Soudée C, Boisson-Dupuis S, Marr N, Borghesi A, Casanova JL, Bustamante J. Recombinant IFN-γ1b Treatment in a Patient with Inherited IFN-γ Deficiency. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:62. [PMID: 38363432 PMCID: PMC10873451 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity underlie Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD). Twenty-two genes with products involved in the production of, or response to, IFN-γ and variants of which underlie MSMD have been identified. However, pathogenic variants of IFNG encoding a defective IFN-γ have been described in only two siblings, who both underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST). METHODS We characterized a new patient with MSMD by genetic, immunological, and clinical means. Therapeutic decisions were taken on the basis of these findings. RESULTS The patient was born to consanguineous Turkish parents and developed bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) disease following vaccination at birth. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous private IFNG variant (c.224 T > C, p.F75S). Upon overexpression in recipient cells or constitutive expression in the patient's cells, the mutant IFN-γ was produced within the cells but was not correctly folded or secreted. The patient was treated for 6 months with two or three antimycobacterial drugs only and then for 30 months with subcutaneous recombinant IFN-γ1b plus two antimycobacterial drugs. Treatment with IFN-γ1b finally normalized all biological parameters. The patient presented no recurrence of mycobacterial disease or other related infectious diseases. The treatment was well tolerated, without the production of detectable autoantibodies against IFN-γ. CONCLUSION We describe a patient with a new form of autosomal recessive IFN-γ deficiency, with intracellular, but not extracellular IFN-γ. IFN-γ1b treatment appears to have been beneficial in this patient, with no recurrence of mycobacterial infection over a period of more than 30 months. This targeted treatment provides an alternative to HCST in patients with complete IFN-γ deficiency or at least an option to better control mycobacterial infection prior to HCST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandre Michev
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico "San Matteo" Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Yasemin Kendir-Demirkol
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica N Peel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hailun Li
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Suheyla Ocak
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- Clinical Immunology Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Taushif Khan
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Camille Soudée
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nico Marr
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alessandro Borghesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.
- University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Phelps DW, Palekar AI, Conley HE, Ferrero G, Driggers JH, Linder KE, Kullman SW, Reif DM, Sheats MK, DeWitt JC, Yoder JA. Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances suppress the neutrophil respiratory burst. J Immunotoxicol 2023; 20:2176953. [PMID: 36788734 PMCID: PMC10361455 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2023.2176953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in a multitude of processes and products, including nonstick coatings, food wrappers, and fire-fighting foams. These chemicals are environmentally-persistent, ubiquitous, and can be detected in the serum of 98% of Americans. Despite evidence that PFASs alter adaptive immunity, few studies have investigated their effects on innate immunity. The report here presents results of studies that investigated the impact of nine environmentally-relevant PFASs [e.g. perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid potassium salt (PFOS-K), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), ammonium perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate) (GenX), 7H-perfluoro-4-methyl-3,6-dioxa-octane sulfonic acid (Nafion byproduct 2), and perfluoromethoxyacetic acid sodium salt (PFMOAA-Na)] on one component of the innate immune response, the neutrophil respiratory burst. The respiratory burst is a key innate immune process by which microbicidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) are rapidly induced by neutrophils in response to pathogens; defects in the respiratory burst can increase susceptibility to infection. The study here utilized larval zebrafish, a human neutrophil-like cell line, and primary human neutrophils to ascertain whether PFAS exposure inhibits ROS production in the respiratory burst. It was observed that exposure to PFHxA and GenX suppresses the respiratory burst in zebrafish larvae and a human neutrophil-like cell line. GenX also suppressed the respiratory burst in primary human neutrophils. This report is the first to demonstrate that these PFASs suppress neutrophil function and support the utility of employing zebrafish larvae and a human cell line as screening tools to identify chemicals that may suppress human immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drake W. Phelps
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Anika I. Palekar
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Haleigh E. Conley
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Giuliano Ferrero
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Jacob H. Driggers
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Keith E. Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - David M. Reif
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - M. Katie Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Jamie C. DeWitt
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Jeffrey A. Yoder
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Environmental and Health Effects of PFAS, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
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4
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Wang Y, Liu S, Yan J, Baseer-Tariq S, Salla B, Ji L, Li M, Chi P, Deng L. Activating neutrophils by co-administration of immunogenic recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for the treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.29.569123. [PMID: 38076896 PMCID: PMC10705442 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.569123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare, aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma with a poor prognosis and is insensitive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Loss-of-function of the histone modifying polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components, EED or SUZ12, is one of the main mechanisms of malignant transformation. In a murine model of MPNST, PRC2-loss tumors have an "immune desert" phenotype and intratumoral (IT) delivery immunogenic modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) sensitized the PRC2-loss tumors to ICB. Here we show that IT MQ833, a second-generation recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara virus, results in neutrophil recruitment and activation and neutrophil-dependent tumor killing in the MPNST model. MQ833 was engineered by deleting three viral immune evasion genes, E5R, E3L, and WR199, and expressing three transgenes, including the two membrane-bound Flt3L and OX40L, and IL-12 with an extracellular matrix anchoring signal. Furthermore, we explored strategies to enhance anti-tumor effects of MQ833 by co-administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
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5
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Bohlen J, Zhou Q, Philippot Q, Ogishi M, Rinchai D, Nieminen T, Seyedpour S, Parvaneh N, Rezaei N, Yazdanpanah N, Momenilandi M, Conil C, Neehus AL, Schmidt C, Arango-Franco CA, Voyer TL, Khan T, Yang R, Puchan J, Erazo L, Roiuk M, Vatovec T, Janda Z, Bagarić I, Materna M, Gervais A, Li H, Rosain J, Peel JN, Seeleuthner Y, Han JE, L'Honneur AS, Moncada-Vélez M, Martin-Fernandez M, Horesh ME, Kochetkov T, Schmidt M, AlShehri MA, Salo E, Saxen H, ElGhazali G, Yatim A, Soudée C, Sallusto F, Ensser A, Marr N, Zhang P, Bogunovic D, Cobat A, Shahrooei M, Béziat V, Abel L, Wang X, Boisson-Dupuis S, Teleman AA, Bustamante J, Zhang Q, Casanova JL. Human MCTS1-dependent translation of JAK2 is essential for IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria. Cell 2023; 186:5114-5134.e27. [PMID: 37875108 PMCID: PMC10841658 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Human inherited disorders of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) immunity underlie severe mycobacterial diseases. We report X-linked recessive MCTS1 deficiency in men with mycobacterial disease from kindreds of different ancestries (from China, Finland, Iran, and Saudi Arabia). Complete deficiency of this translation re-initiation factor impairs the translation of a subset of proteins, including the kinase JAK2 in all cell types tested, including T lymphocytes and phagocytes. JAK2 expression is sufficiently low to impair cellular responses to interleukin-23 (IL-23) and partially IL-12, but not other JAK2-dependent cytokines. Defective responses to IL-23 preferentially impair the production of IFN-γ by innate-like adaptive mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT) and γδ T lymphocytes upon mycobacterial challenge. Surprisingly, the lack of MCTS1-dependent translation re-initiation and ribosome recycling seems to be otherwise physiologically redundant in these patients. These findings suggest that X-linked recessive human MCTS1 deficiency underlies isolated mycobacterial disease by impairing JAK2 translation in innate-like adaptive T lymphocytes, thereby impairing the IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bohlen
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Qinhua Zhou
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tea Nieminen
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simin Seyedpour
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Children's Medical Center, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1419733151 Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Yazdanpanah
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P94V+8MF Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 1419733151 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Momenilandi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Clément Conil
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Carltin Schmidt
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carlos A Arango-Franco
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Taushif Khan
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; The Jackson Laboratory, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Julia Puchan
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, 8049 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Erazo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mykola Roiuk
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Taja Vatovec
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zarah Janda
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Bagarić
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Adrian Gervais
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hailun Li
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jessica N Peel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ji Eun Han
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Marcela Moncada-Vélez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marta Martin-Fernandez
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael E Horesh
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tatiana Kochetkov
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Monika Schmidt
- University Hospital Erlangen, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammed A AlShehri
- King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialized Hospital, 12231 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eeva Salo
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Saxen
- New Children's Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gehad ElGhazali
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City- Union71, Purehealth, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Yatim
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Camille Soudée
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, 8049 Zürich, Switzerland; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Armin Ensser
- University Hospital Erlangen, Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nico Marr
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar; Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, 8C8M+6Q Doha, Qatar
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Dr. Shahrooei Laboratory, 22 Bahman St., Ashrafi Esfahani Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 201102 Shanghai, China
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aurelio A Teleman
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM UMR1163, Necker hospital for sick children, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
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6
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Similuk M, Kuijpers T. Nature and nurture: understanding phenotypic variation in inborn errors of immunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1183142. [PMID: 37780853 PMCID: PMC10538643 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1183142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall disease burden of pediatric infection is high, with widely varying clinical outcomes including death. Among the most vulnerable children, those with inborn errors of immunity, reduced penetrance and variable expressivity are common but poorly understood. There are several genetic mechanisms that influence phenotypic variation in inborn errors of immunity, as well as a body of knowledge on environmental influences and specific pathogen triggers. Critically, recent advances are illuminating novel nuances for fundamental concepts on disease penetrance, as well as raising new areas of inquiry. The last few decades have seen the identification of almost 500 causes of inborn errors of immunity, as well as major advancements in our ability to characterize somatic events, the microbiome, and genotypes across large populations. The progress has not been linear, and yet, these developments have accumulated into an enhanced ability to diagnose and treat inborn errors of immunity, in some cases with precision therapy. Nonetheless, many questions remain regarding the genetic and environmental contributions to phenotypic variation both within and among families. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated summary of key concepts in genetic and environmental contributions to phenotypic variation within inborn errors of immunity, conceptualized as including dynamic, reciprocal interplay among factors unfolding across the key dimension of time. The associated findings, potential gaps, and implications for research are discussed in turn for each major influencing factor. The substantial challenge ahead will be to organize and integrate information in such a way that accommodates the heterogeneity within inborn errors of immunity to arrive at a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of how the immune system operates in health and disease. And, crucially, to translate this understanding into improved patient care for the millions at risk for serious infection and other immune-related morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Similuk
- Centralized Sequencing Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Taco Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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7
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Xue T, Kong X, Ma L. Trends in the Epidemiology of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients without HIV Infection. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:812. [PMID: 37623583 PMCID: PMC10455156 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing morbidity and mortality of life-threatening Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised people poses a global concern, prompting the World Health Organization to list it as one of the 19 priority invasive fungal diseases, calling for increased research and public health action. In response to this initiative, we provide this review on the epidemiology of PCP in non-HIV patients with various immunodeficient conditions, including the use of immunosuppressive agents, cancer therapies, solid organ and stem cell transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, inherited or primary immunodeficiencies, and COVID-19. Special attention is given to the molecular epidemiology of PCP outbreaks in solid organ transplant recipients; the risk of PCP associated with the increasing use of immunodepleting monoclonal antibodies and a wide range of genetic defects causing primary immunodeficiency; the trend of concurrent infection of PCP in COVID-19; the prevalence of colonization; and the rising evidence supporting de novo infection rather than reactivation of latent infection in the pathogenesis of PCP. Additionally, we provide a concise discussion of the varying effects of different immunodeficient conditions on distinct components of the immune system. The objective of this review is to increase awareness and knowledge of PCP in non-HIV patients, thereby improving the early identification and treatment of patients susceptible to PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Key Laboratory of Prophylaxis and Treatment and Basic Research of Respiratory Diseases of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaomei Kong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, Key Laboratory of Prophylaxis and Treatment and Basic Research of Respiratory Diseases of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Critical Care Medicine Department, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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8
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Abstract
Immunity to infection has been extensively studied in humans and mice bearing naturally occurring or experimentally introduced germline mutations. Mouse studies are sometimes neglected by human immunologists, on the basis that mice are not humans and the infections studied are experimental and not natural. Conversely, human studies are sometimes neglected by mouse immunologists, on the basis of the uncontrolled conditions of study and small numbers of patients. However, both sides would agree that the infectious phenotypes of patients with inborn errors of immunity often differ from those of the corresponding mutant mice. Why is that? We argue that this important question is best addressed by revisiting and reinterpreting the findings of both mouse and human studies from a genetic perspective. Greater caution is required for reverse-genetics studies than for forward-genetics studies, but genetic analysis is sufficiently strong to define the studies likely to stand the test of time. Genetically robust mouse and human studies can provide invaluable complementary insights into the mechanisms of immunity to infection common and specific to these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Gros
- McGill University Research Center on Complex Traits, Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada;
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, and University of Paris Cité, Imagine Institute and Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
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9
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Lévy R, Gothe F, Momenilandi M, Magg T, Materna M, Peters P, Raedler J, Philippot Q, Rack-Hoch AL, Langlais D, Bourgey M, Lanz AL, Ogishi M, Rosain J, Martin E, Latour S, Vladikine N, Distefano M, Khan T, Rapaport F, Schulz MS, Holzer U, Fasth A, Sogkas G, Speckmann C, Troilo A, Bigley V, Roppelt A, Dinur-Schejter Y, Toker O, Bronken Martinsen KH, Sherkat R, Somekh I, Somech R, Shouval DS, Kühl JS, Ip W, McDermott EM, Cliffe L, Ozen A, Baris S, Rangarajan HG, Jouanguy E, Puel A, Bustamante J, Alyanakian MA, Fusaro M, Wang Y, Kong XF, Cobat A, Boutboul D, Castelle M, Aguilar C, Hermine O, Cheminant M, Suarez F, Yildiran A, Bousfiha A, Al-Mousa H, Alsohime F, Cagdas D, Abraham RS, Knutsen AP, Fevang B, Bhattad S, Kiykim A, Erman B, Arikoglu T, Unal E, Kumar A, Geier CB, Baumann U, Neven B, Rohlfs M, Walz C, Abel L, Malissen B, Marr N, Klein C, Casanova JL, Hauck F, Béziat V. Human CARMIL2 deficiency underlies a broader immunological and clinical phenotype than CD28 deficiency. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220275. [PMID: 36515678 PMCID: PMC9754768 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inherited CARMIL2 or CD28 deficiency have defective T cell CD28 signaling, but their immunological and clinical phenotypes remain largely unknown. We show that only one of three CARMIL2 isoforms is produced and functional across leukocyte subsets. Tested mutant CARMIL2 alleles from 89 patients and 52 families impair canonical NF-κB but not AP-1 and NFAT activation in T cells stimulated via CD28. Like CD28-deficient patients, CARMIL2-deficient patients display recalcitrant warts and low blood counts of CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells and CD4+ TREGs. Unlike CD28-deficient patients, they have low counts of NK cells and memory B cells, and their antibody responses are weak. CARMIL2 deficiency is fully penetrant by the age of 10 yr and is characterized by numerous infections, EBV+ smooth muscle tumors, and mucocutaneous inflammation, including inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with somatic reversions of a mutant allele in CD4+ T cells have milder phenotypes. Our study suggests that CARMIL2 governs immunological pathways beyond CD28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lévy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Florian Gothe
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mana Momenilandi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Magg
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philipp Peters
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Raedler
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anita Lena Rack-Hoch
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Langlais
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna-Lisa Lanz
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Martin
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Natasha Vladikine
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marco Distefano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Marian S. Schulz
- Dept. of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospitals University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ursula Holzer
- Children’s Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anders Fasth
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Dept. of Immunology and Rheumatology, Medical School Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arianna Troilo
- Dept. of Rheumatology and CCI for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Roppelt
- Dept. of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yael Dinur-Schejter
- Dept. of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Toker
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Roya Sherkat
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ido Somekh
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raz Somech
- The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel, and The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror S. Shouval
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv Israel; The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jörn-Sven Kühl
- Dept. of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospitals University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Ip
- Dept. of Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Lucy Cliffe
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Dept. of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Dept. of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hemalatha G. Rangarajan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Dept. of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xiao-Fei Kong
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - David Boutboul
- Dept. of Clinical Immunology, AP-HP, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Martin Castelle
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Claire Aguilar
- Necker Pasteur Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Cheminant
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alisan Yildiran
- Dept. of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Auto-immunity Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Translational Genomics, Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept. of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Research Laboratory, Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children’s Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Roshini S. Abraham
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Alan P. Knutsen
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO
| | - Borre Fevang
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sagar Bhattad
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baran Erman
- Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugba Arikoglu
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Dept. of Pediatrics, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Dept. of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christoph B. Geier
- Dept. of Rheumatology and CCI for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Dept. of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Meino Rohlfs
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
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10
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Rosain J, Neehus AL, Manry J, Yang R, Le Pen J, Daher W, Liu Z, Chan YH, Tahuil N, Türel Ö, Bourgey M, Ogishi M, Doisne JM, Izquierdo HM, Shirasaki T, Le Voyer T, Guérin A, Bastard P, Moncada-Velez M, Han JE, Khan T, Rapaport F, Hong SH, Cheung A, Haake K, Mindt BC, Perez L, Philippot Q, Lee D, Zhang P, Rinchai D, Al Ali F, Ata MMA, Rahman M, Peel JN, Heissel S, Molina H, Kendir-Demirkol Y, Bailey R, Zhao S, Bohlen J, Mancini M, Seeleuthner Y, Roelens M, Lorenzo L, Soudée C, Paz MEJ, Gonzalez ML, Jeljeli M, Soulier J, Romana S, L’Honneur AS, Materna M, Martínez-Barricarte R, Pochon M, Oleaga-Quintas C, Michev A, Migaud M, Lévy R, Alyanakian MA, Rozenberg F, Croft CA, Vogt G, Emile JF, Kremer L, Ma CS, Fritz JH, Lemon SM, Spaan AN, Manel N, Abel L, MacDonald MR, Boisson-Dupuis S, Marr N, Tangye SG, Di Santo JP, Zhang Q, Zhang SY, Rice CM, Béziat V, Lachmann N, Langlais D, Casanova JL, Gros P, Bustamante J. Human IRF1 governs macrophagic IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria. Cell 2023; 186:621-645.e33. [PMID: 36736301 PMCID: PMC9907019 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inborn errors of human IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity underlie mycobacterial diseases, whereas inborn errors of IFN-α/β-dependent intrinsic immunity underlie viral diseases. Both types of IFNs induce the transcription factor IRF1. We describe unrelated children with inherited complete IRF1 deficiency and early-onset, multiple, life-threatening diseases caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria and related intramacrophagic pathogens. These children have no history of severe viral disease, despite exposure to many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, which is life-threatening in individuals with impaired IFN-α/β immunity. In leukocytes or fibroblasts stimulated in vitro, IRF1-dependent responses to IFN-γ are, both quantitatively and qualitatively, much stronger than those to IFN-α/β. Moreover, IRF1-deficient mononuclear phagocytes do not control mycobacteria and related pathogens normally when stimulated with IFN-γ. By contrast, IFN-α/β-dependent intrinsic immunity to nine viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, is almost normal in IRF1-deficient fibroblasts. Human IRF1 is essential for IFN-γ-dependent macrophagic immunity to mycobacteria, but largely redundant for IFN-α/β-dependent antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,Institute of Experimental Hematology, REBIRTH Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeremy Manry
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jérémie Le Pen
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wassim Daher
- Infectious Disease Research Institute of Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France,Inserm, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yi-Hao Chan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Natalia Tahuil
- Department of Immunology, Del Niño Jesus Hospital, T4000 San Miguel de Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Özden Türel
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Bezmialem Vakif University Faculty of Medicine, 34093 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Canadian Centre for Computation Genomics, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Takayoshi Shirasaki
- Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7292, USA
| | - Tom Le Voyer
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Guérin
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Paul Bastard
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marcela Moncada-Velez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ji Eun Han
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Taushif Khan
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Seon-Hui Hong
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Cheung
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kathrin Haake
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, REBIRTH Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Barbara C. Mindt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,FOCiS Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Laura Perez
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, “J. P. Garrahan” National Hospital of Pediatrics, C1245 CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Danyel Lee
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Darawan Rinchai
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Fatima Al Ali
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Jessica N. Peel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Søren Heissel
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yasemin Kendir-Demirkol
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Genetics, 34764 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Rasheed Bailey
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shuxiang Zhao
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jonathan Bohlen
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Mancini
- Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie Roelens
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Camille Soudée
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - María Elvira Josefina Paz
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Del Niño Jesus Hospital, T4000 San Miguel de Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Maria Laura Gonzalez
- Central Laboratory, Del Niño Jesus Hospital, T4000 San Miguel de Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Mohamed Jeljeli
- Cochin University Hospital, Biological Immunology Unit, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean Soulier
- Inserm/CNRS U944/7212, Paris Cité University, 75006 Paris, France,Hematology Laboratory, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France,,National Reference Center for Bone Marrow Failures, Saint-Louis and Robert Debré Hospitals, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Serge Romana
- Rare Disease Genomic Medicine Department, Paris Cité University, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rubén Martínez-Barricarte
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mathieu Pochon
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Michev
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Romain Lévy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Flore Rozenberg
- Department of Virology, Paris Cité University, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Carys A. Croft
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vogt
- Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille University, Lille Pasteur Institute, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France,Neglected Human Genetics Laboratory, Paris Cité University, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Emile
- Pathology Department, Ambroise-Paré Hospital, AP-HP, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Infectious Disease Research Institute of Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier University, 34000 Montpellier, France,Inserm, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Cindy S. Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jörg H. Fritz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,FOCiS Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Stanley M. Lemon
- Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7292, USA
| | - András N. Spaan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA,Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Inserm U932, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Margaret R. MacDonald
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nico Marr
- Department of Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Stuart G. Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia,St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - James P. Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Qian Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shen-Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France,Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, REBIRTH Center for Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology and Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany, EU,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - David Langlais
- Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Philippe Gros
- Dahdaleh Institute of Genomic Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Inserm U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France.
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11
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Korol CB, Belkaya S, Alsohime F, Lorenzo L, Boisson-Dupuis S, Brancale J, Neehus AL, Vilarinho S, Zobaida A, Halwani R, Al-Muhsen S, Casanova JL, Jouanguy E. Fulminant Viral Hepatitis in Two Siblings with Inherited IL-10RB Deficiency. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:406-420. [PMID: 36308662 PMCID: PMC9892130 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Fulminant viral hepatitis (FVH) caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a life-threatening disease that typically strikes otherwise healthy individuals. The only known genetic etiology of FVH is inherited IL-18BP deficiency, which unleashes IL-18-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production. We studied two siblings who died from a combination of early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (EOIBD) and FVH due to HAV. The sibling tested was homozygous for the W100G variant of IL10RB previously described in an unrelated patient with EOIBD. We show here that the out-of-frame IL10RB variants seen in other EOIBD patients disrupt cellular responses to IL-10, IL-22, IL-26, and IFN-λs in overexpression conditions and in homozygous cells. By contrast, the impact of in-frame disease-causing variants varies between cases. When overexpressed, the W100G variant impairs cellular responses to IL-10, but not to IL-22, IL-26, or IFN-λ1, whereas cells homozygous for W100G do not respond to IL-10, IL-22, IL-26, or IFN-λ1. As IL-10 is a potent antagonist of IFN-γ in phagocytes, these findings suggest that the molecular basis of FVH in patients with IL-18BP or IL-10RB deficiency may involve excessive IFN-γ activity during HAV infections of the liver. Inherited IL-10RB deficiency, and possibly inherited IL-10 and IL-10RA deficiencies, confer a predisposition to FVH, and patients with these deficiencies should be vaccinated against HAV and other liver-tropic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia B Korol
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Serkan Belkaya
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ihan Dogramaci Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Vilarinho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alsum Zobaida
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Immunology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.
- Imagine Institute, Paris Cité University, Paris, France.
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The development of cancer in patients with genetically determined inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is much higher than in the general population. The hallmarks of cancer are a conceptualization tool that can refine the complexities of cancer development and pathophysiology. Each genetic defect may impose a different pathological tumor predisposition, which needs to be identified and linked with known hallmarks of cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Four new hallmarks of cancer have been suggested, recently, including unlocking phenotypic plasticity, senescent cells, nonmutational epigenetic reprogramming, and polymorphic microbiomes. Moreover, more than 50 new IEI genes have been discovered during the last 2 years from which 15 monogenic defects perturb tumor immune surveillance in patients. SUMMARY This review provides a more comprehensive and updated overview of all 14 cancer hallmarks in IEI patients and covers aspects of cancer predisposition in novel genes in the ever-increasing field of IEI.
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13
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Jia H, Liu X, Zhang R, Guan J. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the regulatory effects of compound probiotics on cecal metabolism in heat-stressed broilers. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102323. [PMID: 36436366 PMCID: PMC9706624 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of compound probiotics on the caecum of broilers under heat stress was assessed in this study. A total of 400 twenty-eight-day-old AA male broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, where each group had 5 replicates of 20 broilers. The 4 treatment groups were a heat stress control group (broilers receiving a normal diet) and groups HP I, HP II, and HP Ⅲ, consisting of broilers receiving 1, 5, and 10 g of compound probiotics added to each kilogram of feed, respectively. Compound probiotics (L. casei, L. acidophilus, and B. lactis at a ratio of 1:1:2) were used to formulate a compound probiotic powder, with 1 × 1010 CFU/g of effective viable bacteria. Heat stress treatment was performed at 32 ± 1°C from 9:00 to 17:00 every day from 28 d to 42 d. In d 28 to 42, compared with the HC group, the ADG of broilers in the HP II and III groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05); the ADFI difference between groups was not significant (P > 0.05); the FCR of HP II and III broilers was significantly decreased (P < 0.05); and the FCR of the HP I group increased, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Transcriptome results demonstrate that 665 differential genes were screened (DEGs; upregulated: 366, downregulated: 299). The DEGs were enriched in the B cell receptor signaling pathway, the intestinal immune network for IgA synthesis, the Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways, according to KEGG enrichment analysis. Metabolome analysis identified 92 differential metabolites (DAMs; upregulated: 48, downregulated: 44). KEGG enrichment analysis indicated significant enrichment of Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis and beta-Alanine metabolism. The combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed that the DAMs and DEGs were mostly involved in beta-alanine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. The results of this study suggest that the addition of compound probiotics has a positive effect on intestinal metabolites, improving the growth performance and contributing to the overall health of broilers under heat stress.
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14
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Casanova JL, Abel L. From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread. Cell 2022; 185:3086-3103. [PMID: 35985287 PMCID: PMC9386946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria and seasonal influenza virus have inspired studies of two common infections: tuberculosis and COVID-19. A TYK2 genotype impairing IFN-γ production accounts for about 1% of tuberculosis cases, and autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α/β account for about 15% of critical COVID-19 cases. The discovery of inborn errors and mechanisms underlying rare infections drove the identification of common monogenic or autoimmune determinants of related common infections. This "rare-to-common" genetic and mechanistic approach to infectious diseases may be of heuristic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Laurent Abel
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
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15
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M M, F C, M G, S F, A B. How to: diagnose inborn errors of intrinsic and innate immunity to viral, bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal infections. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:1441-1448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Nitric Oxide Attenuates Human Cytomegalovirus Infection yet Disrupts Neural Cell Differentiation and Tissue Organization. J Virol 2022; 96:e0012622. [PMID: 35862705 PMCID: PMC9327702 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00126-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a prevalent betaherpesvirus that is asymptomatic in healthy individuals but can cause serious disease in immunocompromised patients. HCMV is also the leading cause of virus-mediated birth defects. Many of these defects manifest within the central nervous system and include microcephaly, sensorineural hearing loss, and cognitive developmental delays. Nitric oxide is a critical effector molecule produced as a component of the innate immune response during infection. Congenitally infected fetal brains show regions of brain damage, including necrotic foci with infiltrating macrophages and microglia, cell types that produce nitric oxide during infection. Using a 3-dimensional cortical organoid model, we demonstrate that nitric oxide inhibits HCMV spread and simultaneously disrupts neural rosette structures, resulting in tissue disorganization. Nitric oxide also attenuates HCMV replication in 2-dimensional cultures of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), a prominent cell type in cortical organoids that differentiate into neurons and glial cells. The multipotency factor SOX2 was decreased during nitric oxide exposure, suggesting that early neural differentiation is affected. Nitric oxide also reduced maximal mitochondrial respiration in both uninfected and infected NPCs. We determined that this reduction likely influences neural differentiation, as neurons (Tuj1+ GFAP- Nestin-) and glial populations (Tuj1- GFAP+ Nestin-) were reduced following differentiation. Our studies indicate a prominent, immunopathogenic role of nitric oxide in promoting developmental defects within the brain despite its antiviral activity during congenital HCMV infection. IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of virus-mediated congenital birth defects. Congenitally infected infants can have a variety of symptoms manifesting within the central nervous system. The use of 3-dimensional (3-D) cortical organoids to model infection of the fetal brain has advanced the current understanding of development and allowed broader investigation of the mechanisms behind disease. However, the impact of the innate immune molecule nitric oxide during HCMV infection has not been explored in neural cells or cortical 3-D models. Here, we investigated the effect of nitric oxide on cortical development during HCMV infection. We demonstrate that nitric oxide plays an antiviral role during infection yet results in disorganized cortical tissue. Nitric oxide contributes to differentiation defects of neuron and glial cells from neural progenitor cells despite inhibiting viral replication. Our results indicate that immunopathogenic consequences of nitric oxide during congenital infection promote developmental defects that undermine its antiviral activity.
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17
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Tangye SG, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Franco JL, Holland SM, Klein C, Morio T, Oksenhendler E, Picard C, Puel A, Puck J, Seppänen MRJ, Somech R, Su HC, Sullivan KE, Torgerson TR, Meyts I. Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2022 Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:1473-1507. [PMID: 35748970 PMCID: PMC9244088 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 182.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. This report documents the key clinical and laboratory features of 55 novel monogenic gene defects, and 1 phenocopy due to autoantibodies, that have either been discovered since the previous update (published January 2020) or were characterized earlier but have since been confirmed or expanded in subsequent studies. While variants in additional genes associated with immune diseases have been reported in the literature, this update includes only those that the committee assessed that reached the necessary threshold to represent novel inborn errors of immunity. There are now a total of 485 inborn errors of immunity. These advances in discovering the genetic causes of human immune diseases continue to significantly further our understanding of molecular, cellular, and immunological mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, thereby simultaneously enhancing immunological knowledge and improving patient diagnosis and management. This report is designed to serve as a resource for immunologists and geneticists pursuing the molecular diagnosis of individuals with heritable immunological disorders and for the scientific dissection of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying monogenic and related human immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, d'Inflammation et d'Allergy LICIA Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center and Rare Diseases Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Simpson DS, Pang J, Weir A, Kong IY, Fritsch M, Rashidi M, Cooney JP, Davidson KC, Speir M, Djajawi TM, Hughes S, Mackiewicz L, Dayton M, Anderton H, Doerflinger M, Deng Y, Huang AS, Conos SA, Tye H, Chow SH, Rahman A, Norton RS, Naderer T, Nicholson SE, Burgio G, Man SM, Groom JR, Herold MJ, Hawkins ED, Lawlor KE, Strasser A, Silke J, Pellegrini M, Kashkar H, Feltham R, Vince JE. Interferon-γ primes macrophages for pathogen ligand-induced killing via a caspase-8 and mitochondrial cell death pathway. Immunity 2022; 55:423-441.e9. [PMID: 35139355 PMCID: PMC8822620 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell death plays an important role during pathogen infections. Here, we report that interferon-γ (IFNγ) sensitizes macrophages to Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced death that requires macrophage-intrinsic death ligands and caspase-8 enzymatic activity, which trigger the mitochondrial apoptotic effectors, BAX and BAK. The pro-apoptotic caspase-8 substrate BID was dispensable for BAX and BAK activation. Instead, caspase-8 reduced pro-survival BCL-2 transcription and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thus facilitating BAX and BAK signaling. IFNγ-primed, TLR-induced macrophage killing required iNOS, which licensed apoptotic caspase-8 activity and reduced the BAX and BAK inhibitors, A1 and MCL-1. The deletion of iNOS or caspase-8 limited SARS-CoV-2-induced disease in mice, while caspase-8 caused lethality independent of iNOS in a model of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. These findings reveal that iNOS selectively licenses programmed cell death, which may explain how nitric oxide impacts disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infection and other iNOS-associated inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Simpson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jiyi Pang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia,College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ashley Weir
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Isabella Y. Kong
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Melanie Fritsch
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Maryam Rashidi
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - James P. Cooney
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn C. Davidson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Mary Speir
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Tirta M. Djajawi
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Sebastian Hughes
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Liana Mackiewicz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Merle Dayton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Holly Anderton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Marcel Doerflinger
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yexuan Deng
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Allan Shuai Huang
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephanie A. Conos
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Hazel Tye
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Seong H. Chow
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Arfatur Rahman
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Raymond S. Norton
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,ARC Centre for Fragment-Based Design, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas Naderer
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Sandra E. Nicholson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Gaetan Burgio
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Joanna R. Groom
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Marco J. Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Edwin D. Hawkins
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Kate E. Lawlor
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Marc Pellegrini
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Rebecca Feltham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia; The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - James E. Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia,The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia,Corresponding author
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19
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Hsu AP, Holland SM. Host genetics of innate immune system in infection. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 74:140-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Fernandes GG, Costa KCM, Scomparin DS, Freire JB, Guimarães FS, Campos AC. Genetic Ablation of the Inducible Form of Nitric Oxide in Male Mice Disrupts Immature Neuron Survival in the Adult Dentate Gyrus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782831. [PMID: 34925362 PMCID: PMC8673740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme upregulated in the brain during neuroimmune stimuli which is associated with an oxidative and pro-inflammatory environment in several brain regions, including the hippocampal formation and the prefrontal cortex. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation is the site of a process known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Although many endogenous and extrinsic factors can modulate AHN, the exact participation of specific proinflammatory mediators such as iNOS in these processes remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we investigated how the total genetic ablation of iNOS impacts the hippocampal neurogenic niche and microglial phenotype and if these changes are correlated to the behavioral alterations observed in iNOS knockout (K.O.) mice submitted or not to the chronic unpredictable stress model (CUS - 21 days protocol). Contrary to our initial hypothesis, at control conditions, iNOS K.O. mice displayed no abnormalities on microglial activation in the dentate gyrus. However, they did exhibit impaired newborn cells and immature neuron survival, which was not affected by CUS. The reduction of AHN in iNOS K.O. mice was accompanied by an increased positive coping response in the tail suspension test and facilitation of anxiety-like behaviors in the novelty suppressed feeding. Next, we investigated whether a pro-neurogenic stimulus would rescue the neurogenic capacity of iNOS K.O. mice by administering in control and CUS groups the antidepressant escitalopram (ESC). The chronic treatment with ESC could not rescue the neurogenic capacity or the behavioral changes observed in iNOS K.O. mice. Besides, in the ventromedial prefrontal (vmPFC) cortex there was no change in the expression or the chronic activation of PV neurons (evaluated by double labeling PV with FOSB) in the prelimbic (PrL) or infralimbic subregions. FOSB expression, however, increased in the PrL of iNOS K.O. mice. Our results suggest that iNOS seems essential for the survival of newborn cells and immature neurons in the hippocampus and seem to partially explain the anxiogenic-like behavior observed in iNOS K.O. mice. On the other hand, the iNOS ablation appears to result in increased activity of the PrL which could explain the antidepressant-like behaviors of iNOS K.O mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alline C. Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs), also called inborn errors of immunity (IEI), are genetic disorders classically characterized by an increased susceptibility to infection and/or disruption in the regulation of an immunologic pathway. This review summarizes and highlights the new IEI disorders in the IUIS 2019 report and 2020 interim report and discusses the directions for the future management of PIDs. RECENT FINDINGS Since 2017, the International Union of Immunologic Societies (IUIS) IEI committee has updated the IUIS classification of IEIs with 88 new gene defects and 75 new immune disorders. The increased utilization of genetic testing and advances in the strategic evaluation of genetic variants have identified, not only novel IEI disorders, but additional genetic causes for known IEI disorders. Investigation of potential immune susceptibilities during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic suggests that defects in Type I interferon signalling may underlie more severe disease. SUMMARY The rapid discovery of new IEIs reflects the growing trend of applying genetic testing modalities as part of medical diagnosis and management.In turn, elucidating the pathophysiology of these novel IEIs have enhanced our understanding of how genetic mutations can modulate the immune system and their consequential effect on human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Demirdag
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ramsay Fuleihan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Jordan S Orange
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joyce E Yu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics
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22
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Godsell J, Chan S, Slade C, Bryant V, Douglass JA, Sasadeusz J, Yong MK. Cytomegalovirus in primary immunodeficiency. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2021; 34:663-671. [PMID: 34608876 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease are well described in the setting of secondary immunodeficiency. Less is known about CMV in the context of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs), where inborn errors in one or more arms of the immune system result in variable degrees of CMV susceptibility. RECENT FINDINGS PID presents unique challenges in the diagnosis and management of CMV disease. The clinical presentation of CMV in PID is often severe, accelerated by underlying immune dysregulation and iatrogenic immunosuppression. Here we describe the clinical significance of CMV infection in PID, the key components of immune defence against CMV and how these are affected in specific PIDs. CMV disease is under-recognized as a complication of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). High rates of CMV end-organ disease, mortality, development of CMV resistance and prolonged antiviral use have been observed in individuals with CVID. SUMMARY We recommend that clinicians tailor their approach to the individual based on their underlying immune deficit and maintain a high index of suspicion and low threshold for treatment. More research is required to improve stratification of CMV risk in PID, develop new diagnostic tools and manage end-organ disease in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Godsell
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital
| | - Samantha Chan
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital
- Immunology Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne
| | - Charlotte Slade
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital
- Immunology Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
| | - Vanessa Bryant
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital
- Immunology Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
| | - Jo Anne Douglass
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne
| | - Joe Sasadeusz
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne
| | - Michelle K Yong
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Cytomegalovirus Infections in Children with Primary and Secondary Immune Deficiencies. Viruses 2021; 13:v13102001. [PMID: 34696432 PMCID: PMC8538792 DOI: 10.3390/v13102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a human herpes virus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed children. CMV primary infection causes a clinically mild disease in healthy children, usually in early childhood; the virus then utilises several mechanisms to establish host latency, which allows for periodic reactivation, particularly when the host is immunocompromised. It is this reactivation that is responsible for the significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. We review CMV infection in the primary immunodeficient host, including early identification of these infants by newborn screening to allow for CMV infection prevention strategies. Furthermore, clinical CMV is discussed in the context of children treated with secondary immunodeficiency, particularly paediatric cancer patients and children undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Treatments for CMV are highlighted and include CMV immunotherapy.
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24
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Béziat V, Rapaport F, Hu J, Titeux M, Bonnet des Claustres M, Bourgey M, Griffin H, Bandet É, Ma CS, Sherkat R, Rokni-Zadeh H, Louis DM, Changi-Ashtiani M, Delmonte OM, Fukushima T, Habib T, Guennoun A, Khan T, Bender N, Rahman M, About F, Yang R, Rao G, Rouzaud C, Li J, Shearer D, Balogh K, Al Ali F, Ata M, Dabiri S, Momenilandi M, Nammour J, Alyanakian MA, Leruez-Ville M, Guenat D, Materna M, Marcot L, Vladikine N, Soret C, Vahidnezhad H, Youssefian L, Saeidian AH, Uitto J, Catherinot É, Navabi SS, Zarhrate M, Woodley DT, Jeljeli M, Abraham T, Belkaya S, Lorenzo L, Rosain J, Bayat M, Lanternier F, Lortholary O, Zakavi F, Gros P, Orth G, Abel L, Prétet JL, Fraitag S, Jouanguy E, Davis MM, Tangye SG, Notarangelo LD, Marr N, Waterboer T, Langlais D, Doorbar J, Hovnanian A, Christensen N, Bossuyt X, Shahrooei M, Casanova JL. Humans with inherited T cell CD28 deficiency are susceptible to skin papillomaviruses but are otherwise healthy. Cell 2021; 184:3812-3828.e30. [PMID: 34214472 PMCID: PMC8329841 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We study a patient with the human papilloma virus (HPV)-2-driven "tree-man" phenotype and two relatives with unusually severe HPV4-driven warts. The giant horns form an HPV-2-driven multifocal benign epithelial tumor overexpressing viral oncogenes in the epidermis basal layer. The patients are unexpectedly homozygous for a private CD28 variant. They have no detectable CD28 on their T cells, with the exception of a small contingent of revertant memory CD4+ T cells. T cell development is barely affected, and T cells respond to CD3 and CD2, but not CD28, costimulation. Although the patients do not display HPV-2- and HPV-4-reactive CD4+ T cells in vitro, they make antibodies specific for both viruses in vivo. CD28-deficient mice are susceptible to cutaneous infections with the mouse papillomavirus MmuPV1. The control of HPV-2 and HPV-4 in keratinocytes is dependent on the T cell CD28 co-activation pathway. Surprisingly, human CD28-dependent T cell responses are largely redundant for protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Béziat
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | | | - Jiafen Hu
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Matthias Titeux
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Élise Bandet
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, AIRC, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | | | - David M Louis
- Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Noemi Bender
- German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Frédégonde About
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rui Yang
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Geetha Rao
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Claire Rouzaud
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jingwei Li
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Debra Shearer
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Karla Balogh
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | | | - Soroosh Dabiri
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, 054 Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Justine Nammour
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - David Guenat
- Papillomavirus National Reference Center, Besançon Hospital, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Marie Materna
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Léa Marcot
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Natasha Vladikine
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Christine Soret
- Papillomavirus National Reference Center, Besançon Hospital, 25030 Besançon, France
| | | | | | | | - Jouni Uitto
- Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | | | - Mohammed Zarhrate
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - David T Woodley
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | | | - Thomas Abraham
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | - Lazaro Lorenzo
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mousa Bayat
- Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, 054 Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fanny Lanternier
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Faramarz Zakavi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, 061 Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Philippe Gros
- McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | | | - Laurent Abel
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Prétet
- Papillomavirus National Reference Center, Besançon Hospital, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- HHMI, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Langlais
- McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada; McGill Research Centre on Complex Traits, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | | | - Alain Hovnanian
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Neil Christensen
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Dr. Shahrooei Lab, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France; The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; HHMI, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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25
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Khan T, Rahman M, Ali FA, Huang SSY, Ata M, Zhang Q, Bastard P, Liu Z, Jouanguy E, Béziat V, Cobat A, Nasrallah GK, Yassine HM, Smatti MK, Saeed A, Vandernoot I, Goffard JC, Smits G, Migeotte I, Haerynck F, Meyts I, Abel L, Casanova JL, Hasan MR, Marr N. Distinct antibody repertoires against endemic human coronaviruses in children and adults. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144499. [PMID: 33497357 PMCID: PMC7934927 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Four endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are commonly associated with acute respiratory infection in humans. B cell responses to these “common cold” viruses remain incompletely understood. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of CoV-specific antibody repertoires in 231 children and 1168 adults using phage immunoprecipitation sequencing. Seroprevalence of antibodies against endemic HCoVs ranged between approximately 4% and 27% depending on the species and cohort. We identified at least 136 novel linear B cell epitopes. Antibody repertoires against endemic HCoVs were qualitatively different between children and adults in that anti-HCoV IgG specificities more frequently found among children targeted functionally important and structurally conserved regions of the spike, nucleocapsid, and matrix proteins. Moreover, antibody specificities targeting the highly conserved fusion peptide region and S2′ cleavage site of the spike protein were broadly cross-reactive with peptides of epidemic human and nonhuman coronaviruses. In contrast, an acidic tandem repeat in the N-terminal region of the Nsp3 subdomain of the HCoV-HKU1 polyprotein was the predominant target of antibody responses in adult donors. Our findings shed light on the dominant species-specific and pan-CoV target sites of human antibody responses to coronavirus infection, thereby providing important insights for the development of prophylactic or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manar Ata
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul Bastard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Béziat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maria K Smatti
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amira Saeed
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FNRS) and Center of Human Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Foundation Diagnostic and Research Center, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, and Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad R Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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26
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Tangye SG, Al-Herz W, Bousfiha A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Franco JL, Holland SM, Klein C, Morio T, Oksenhendler E, Picard C, Puel A, Puck J, Seppänen MRJ, Somech R, Su HC, Sullivan KE, Torgerson TR, Meyts I. The Ever-Increasing Array of Novel Inborn Errors of Immunity: an Interim Update by the IUIS Committee. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:666-679. [PMID: 33598806 PMCID: PMC7889474 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-00980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most recent updated classification of inborn errors of immunity/primary immunodeficiencies, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee, was published in January 2020. Within days of completing this report, it was already out of date, evidenced by the frequent publication of genetic variants proposed to cause novel inborn errors of immunity. As the next formal report from the IUIS Expert Committee will not be published until 2022, we felt it important to provide the community with a brief update of recent contributions to the field of inborn errors of immunity. Herein, we highlight studies that have identified 26 additional monogenic gene defects that reach the threshold to represent novel causes of immune defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, 2010, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, d'Inflammation et d'Allergy LICIA Clinical Immunology Unit, Casablanca Children's Hospital, Ibn Rochd Medical School, King Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr von Hauner Childrens Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Capucine Picard
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, APHP, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital, 75015, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco and UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mikko R J Seppänen
- Adult Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center and Rare Diseases Center, Childrens Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raz Somech
- Pediatric Department and Immunology Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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27
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Casanova JL, Abel L. Lethal Infectious Diseases as Inborn Errors of Immunity: Toward a Synthesis of the Germ and Genetic Theories. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 16:23-50. [PMID: 32289233 PMCID: PMC7923385 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-031920-101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It was first demonstrated in the late nineteenth century that human deaths from fever were typically due to infections. As the germ theory gained ground, it replaced the old, unproven theory that deaths from fever reflected a weak personal or even familial constitution. A new enigma emerged at the turn of the twentieth century, when it became apparent that only a small proportion of infected individuals die from primary infections with almost any given microbe. Classical genetics studies gradually revealed that severe infectious diseases could be driven by human genetic predisposition. This idea gained ground with the support of molecular genetics, in three successive, overlapping steps. First, many rare inborn errors of immunity were shown, from 1985 onward, to underlie multiple, recurrent infections with Mendelian inheritance. Second, a handful of rare and familial infections, also segregating as Mendelian traits but striking humans resistant to other infections, were deciphered molecularly beginning in 1996. Third, from 2007 onward, a growing number of rare or common sporadicinfections were shown to result from monogenic, but not Mendelian, inborn errors. A synthesis of the hitherto mutually exclusive germ and genetic theories is now in view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Paris University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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28
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Mokry RL, Schumacher ML, Hogg N, Terhune SS. Nitric Oxide Circumvents Virus-Mediated Metabolic Regulation during Human Cytomegalovirus Infection. mBio 2020; 11:e02630-20. [PMID: 33323506 PMCID: PMC7773989 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02630-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a versatile and critical effector molecule that can modulate many cellular functions. Although recognized as a regulator of infections, the inhibitory mechanism of nitric oxide against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication remains elusive. We demonstrate that nitric oxide attenuates viral replication by interfering with HCMV-mediated modulation of several cellular processes. Nitric oxide exposure reduced HCMV genome synthesis and infectious viral progeny with cell-type-dependent differences observed. Mitochondrial respiration was severely reduced in both uninfected and HCMV-infected cells during exposure with little impact on ATP levels indicating changes in cellular metabolism. Metabolomics identified significantly altered small molecules in multiple pathways during nitric oxide exposure including nucleotide biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and glutamine metabolism. Glutathione metabolites were increased coinciding with a reduction in the glutathione precursor glutamine. This shift was accompanied by increased antioxidant enzymes. Glutamine deprivation mimicked defects in HCMV replication and mitochondrial respiration observed during nitric oxide exposure. These data suggest that nitric oxide limits glutaminolysis by shuttling glutamine to glutathione synthesis. In addition, lipid intermediates were severely altered, which likely contributes to the observed increase in defective viral particles. Nitric oxide disrupts multiple cellular processes, and we had limited success in rescuing replication defects by supplementing with metabolic intermediates. Our studies indicate that nitric oxide attenuation of HCMV is multifactorial with interference in viral manipulation of cellular metabolism playing a central role.IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus is a prevalent pathogen that can cause serious disease in patients with compromised immune systems, including transplant patients and during congenital infection. HCMV lytic replication likely occurs in localized sites of infection with immune cells infiltrating and releasing nitric oxide with other effector molecules. This nonspecific immune response results in both uninfected and infected cells exposed to high levels of nitric oxide. The absence of nitric oxide synthase has been associated with lethal HCMV infection. We demonstrate that nitric oxide inhibition of HCMV replication is multifactorial and cell type dependent. Our results indicate that nitric oxide controls replication by interfering with viral modulation of cellular metabolism while also affecting proliferation and mitochondrial respiration of neighboring uninfected cells. These studies identify the mechanism and contribution of nitric oxide during immune control of HCMV infection and provide insight into its role in other viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L Mokry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Megan L Schumacher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Neil Hogg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Scott S Terhune
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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29
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Castagnoli R, Notarangelo LD. Updates on new monogenic inborn errors of immunity. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31 Suppl 26:57-59. [PMID: 33236415 PMCID: PMC8322961 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of immunity (IEI), also referred to as primary immunodeficiencies (PID), are disorders that, for the most part, result from mutations in genes involved in immune host defense and immune regulation. Thanks to the increased availability of high-throughput DNA sequencing and the improvement in genomic data interpretation, the number of newly identified genes associated with IEI has exponentially increased over the last decade. We reviewed four recently described monogenic IEI and discussed the clinical and immunologic features of these new conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Castagnoli
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Daniele Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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30
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Cytomegalovirus Laryngitis in Primary Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases. J Clin Immunol 2020; 41:243-247. [PMID: 33033934 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Carter-Timofte ME, Jørgensen SE, Freytag MR, Thomsen MM, Brinck Andersen NS, Al-Mousawi A, Hait AS, Mogensen TH. Deciphering the Role of Host Genetics in Susceptibility to Severe COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1606. [PMID: 32695122 PMCID: PMC7338588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) describes a set of symptoms that develop following infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whilst COVID-19 disease is most serious in patients with significant co-morbidities, the reason for healthy individuals succumbing to fulminant infection is largely unexplained. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings in terms of clinical features and the host immune response, and suggest candidate immune pathways that may be compromised in otherwise healthy individuals with fulminating COVID-19. On the basis of this early knowledge we reason a potential genetic effect on host immune response pathways leading to increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding these pathways may help not only in unraveling disease pathogenesis, but also in suggesting targets for therapy and prophylaxis. Importantly such insight should instruct efforts to identify those at increased risk in order to institute preventative measures, such as prophylactic medication and/or vaccination, when such opportunities arise in the later phases of the current pandemic or during future similar pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Elena Carter-Timofte
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sofie Eg Jørgensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Ratzer Freytag
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michelle Mølgaard Thomsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nanna-Sophie Brinck Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ali Al-Mousawi
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alon Schneider Hait
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
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32
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The human genetic determinism of life-threatening infectious diseases: genetic heterogeneity and physiological homogeneity? Hum Genet 2020; 139:681-694. [PMID: 32462426 PMCID: PMC7251220 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02184-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular eukaryotes emerged late in evolution from an ocean of viruses, bacteria, archaea, and unicellular eukaryotes. These macroorganisms are exposed to and infected by a tremendous diversity of microorganisms. Those that are large enough can even be infected by multicellular fungi and parasites. Each interaction is unique, if only because it operates between two unique living organisms, in an infinite diversity of circumstances. This is neatly illustrated by the extraordinarily high level of interindividual clinical variability in human infections, even for a given pathogen, ranging from a total absence of clinical manifestations to death. We discuss here the idea that the determinism of human life-threatening infectious diseases can be governed by single-gene inborn errors of immunity, which are rarely Mendelian and frequently display incomplete penetrance. We briefly review the evidence in support of this notion obtained over the last two decades, referring to a number of focused and thorough reviews published by eminent colleagues in this issue of Human Genetics. It seems that almost any life-threatening infectious disease can be driven by at least one, and, perhaps, a great many diverse monogenic inborn errors, which may nonetheless be immunologically related. While the proportions of monogenic cases remain unknown, a picture in which genetic heterogeneity is combined with physiological homogeneity is emerging from these studies. A preliminary sketch of the human genetic architecture of severe infectious diseases is perhaps in sight.
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33
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Casanova JL, Su HC. A Global Effort to Define the Human Genetics of Protective Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cell 2020; 181:1194-1199. [PMID: 32405102 PMCID: PMC7218368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection displays immense inter-individual clinical variability, ranging from silent infection to lethal disease. The role of human genetics in determining clinical response to the virus remains unclear. Studies of outliers-individuals remaining uninfected despite viral exposure and healthy young patients with life-threatening disease-present a unique opportunity to reveal human genetic determinants of infection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller Unversity, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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