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Teunissen van Manen IJ, van Kooten NJT, Di Ceglie I, Theeuwes WF, Jimenez-Royo P, Cleveland M, van Lent PLEM, van der Kraan PM, Blom AB, van den Bosch MHJ. Identification of CD64 as a marker for the destructive potential of synovitis in osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:1180-1188. [PMID: 37341635 PMCID: PMC10986803 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES OA is characterized by cartilage degeneration and persistent pain. The majority of OA patients present with synovitis, which is associated with increased cartilage damage. Activated synovial macrophages are key contributors to joint destruction. Therefore, a marker that reflects the activation of these cells could be a valuable tool to characterize the destructive potential of synovitis and benefit monitoring of OA. Here, we aimed to investigate the use of CD64 (FcγRI) as a marker to characterize the damaging potential of synovitis in OA. METHODS Synovial biopsies were obtained from end-stage OA patients that underwent joint replacement surgery. CD64 protein expression and localization was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence and quantified using flow cytometry. qPCR was performed to measure the expression of FCGR1 and OA-related genes in synovial biopsies, and in primary chondrocytes and primary fibroblasts stimulated with OA conditioned medium (OAS-CM). RESULTS Our data exposed a wide range of CD64 expression in OA synovium and showed positive correlations between FCGR1 and S100A8, S100A9, IL1B, IL6 and MMP1/2/3/9/13 expression. CD64 protein correlated with MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, MMP13 and S100A9. Furthermore, we observed that synovial CD64 protein levels in source tissue for OAS-CM significantly associated with the OAS-CM-induced expression of MMP1, MMP3 and especially ADAMTS4 in cultured fibroblasts, but not chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Together, these results indicate that synovial CD64 expression is associated with the expression of proteolytic enzymes and inflammatory markers related to structural damage in OA. CD64 therefore holds promise as marker to characterize the damaging potential of synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nienke J T van Kooten
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Di Ceglie
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wessel F Theeuwes
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Peter L E M van Lent
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van der Kraan
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen B Blom
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn H J van den Bosch
- Department of Experimental Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Michael BNR, Mariaselvam CM, Kavadichanda CG, Negi VS. Synovial-fluid-derived microparticles express vimentin and GRP78 in their surface and exhibit an in vitro stimulatory effect on fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2023; 26:2183-2194. [PMID: 37695005 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the hypothesis that microparticles (MP) may be a source of autoantigens and drive disease progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium. METHODS Synovial fluid (SF) was collected from the knee joints of 41 disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug-naive RA patients and 30 osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Samples were stained with either anti-vimentin-AlexaFluor-488 or anti-glucose-regulated protein-78-Dylight-488 (GRP78) and Annexin-V-allophycocyanin for flow cytometry analysis. RA and OA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were co-cultured with respective SF-derived MP in vitro for 24 h. Supernatant and cell-free SF was assayed for pro-inflammatory analytes by multiplex assays. RESULTS Elevated percentages of AnnexinV+ Vimentin+ MP (median 0.8, interquartile range [IQR] 1.30) and AnnexinV+ GRP78+ MP (median 0.3, IQR 0.28) were present in RA compared with OA patients. We observed that CXCL6 and CCL8 were secreted in excess by RA-FLS stimulated with RA-SF-MP but not by stimulation with MP-free RA-SF. CONCLUSIONS Microparticles express vimentin and GRP78 on their surface and stimulate synoviocytes to produce inflammatory molecules, thus sustaining local inflammation in the synovium in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Nancy Reni Michael
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Christina Mary Mariaselvam
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Chengappa G Kavadichanda
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India
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de Oliveira SM, de Azevedo Teixeira IL, França CN, de Oliveira Izar MC, Kayser C. Microparticles: potential new contributors to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis? Adv Rheumatol 2023; 63:19. [PMID: 37098600 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00299-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microparticles (MPs) are membrane-derived vesicles released from cells undergoing activation or apoptosis with diverse proinflammatory and prothrombotic activities, that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). We aimed to evaluate the plasma levels of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs), and monocyte-derived microparticles (MMPs) in SSc patients, and the association between MPs and the clinical features of SSc. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 70 patients with SSc and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated. Clinical and nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) data were obtained from all patients. Plasma levels of PMPs (CD42+/31+), EMPs (CD105+), and MMPs (CD14+) were quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS Patients were mainly females (90%), with a mean age of 48.9 years old. PMP, EMP, and MMP levels were significantly increased in SSc patients compared to controls (79.2% ± 17.3% vs. 71.0% ± 19.8%, p = 0.033; 43.5% ± 8.7% vs. 37.8% ± 10.4%, p = 0.004; and 3.5% ± 1.3% vs. 1.1% ± 0.5%, p < 0.0001, respectively). PMP levels were significantly higher in patients with positive anti-topoisomerase-I antibodies (p = 0.030) and in patients with a disease duration > 3 years (p = 0.038). EMP levels were lower in patients with a higher modified Rodnan skin score (p = 0.015), and in those with an avascular score > 1.5 in NFC (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION The increased levels of PMPs, EMPs and MMPs in scleroderma patients might indicate a possible role for these agents in the pathogenesis of this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Maximiano de Oliveira
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Dos Otonis 863, 2º Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04025-002, Brazil
| | - Ighor Luiz de Azevedo Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Lipids, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Section, Cardiology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nunes França
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Lipids, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Section, Cardiology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade de Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina de Oliveira Izar
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology - Lipids, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Section, Cardiology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kayser
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Dos Otonis 863, 2º Andar, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04025-002, Brazil.
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4
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Yang B, Li X, Fu C, Cai W, Meng B, Qu Y, Kou X, Zhang Q. Extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis of peripheral joint and temporomandibular joint. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1158744. [PMID: 36950682 PMCID: PMC10025484 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1158744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease with significant morbidity worldwide. OA attacks the large synovial joint, including the peripheral joints and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). As a representative of peripheral joint OA, knee OA shares similar symptoms with TMJ OA. However, these two joints also display differences based on their distinct development, anatomy, and physiology. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer nanoparticles, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. EVs contain proteins, lipids, DNA, micro-RNA, and mRNA that regulate tissue homeostasis and cell-to-cell communication, which play an essential role in the progression and treatment of OA. They are likely to partake in mechanical response, extracellular matrix degradation, and inflammatory regulation during OA. More evidence has shown that synovial fluid and synovium-derived EVs may serve as OA biomarkers. More importantly, mesenchymal stem cell-derived EV shows a therapeutic effect on OA. However, the different function of EVs in these two joints is largely unknown based on their distinct biological characteristic. Here, we reviewed the effects of EVs in OA progression and compared the difference between the knee joint and TMJ, and summarized their potential therapeutic role in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoran Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Cai
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Kou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, South China Center of Craniofacial Stem Cell Research, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingbin Zhang, ; Xiaoxing Kou,
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingbin Zhang, ; Xiaoxing Kou,
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Yuan W, Wu Y, Huang M, Zhou X, Liu J, Yi Y, Wang J, Liu J. A new frontier in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis treatment: Exosome-based therapeutic strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1074536. [PMID: 36507254 PMCID: PMC9732036 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1074536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a debilitating degenerative disease with high incidence, deteriorating quality of patient life. Currently, due to ambiguous etiology, the traditional clinical strategies of TMJOA emphasize on symptomatic treatments such as pain relief and inflammation alleviation, which are unable to halt or reverse the destruction of cartilage or subchondral bone. A number of studies have suggested the potential application prospect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy in TMJOA and other cartilage injury. Worthy of note, exosomes are increasingly being considered the principal efficacious agent of MSC secretions for TMJOA management. The extensive study of exosomes (derived from MSCs, synoviocytes, chondrocytes or adipose tissue et al.) on arthritis recently, has indicated exosomes and their specific miRNA components to be potential therapeutic agents for TMJOA. In this review, we aim to systematically summarize therapeutic properties and underlying mechanisms of MSCs and exosomes from different sources in TMJOA, also analyze and discuss the approaches to optimization, challenges, and prospects of exosome-based therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Yuan
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yange Wu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maotuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yating Yi
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Jun Wang,
| | - Jin Liu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Jun Wang,
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Ahmad S, Mittal S, Gulia R, Alam K, Saha TK, Arif Z, Nafees KA, Al‐Shaghdali K, Ahmad S. Therapeutic role of hesperidin in collagen‐induced rheumatoid arthritis through antiglycation and antioxidant activities. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:473-480. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shafeeque Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Al‐Falah School of Medical Science and Research Centre Al‐Falah University Faridabad Haryana India
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Shilpa Mittal
- Department of Biochemistry, Al‐Falah School of Medical Science and Research Centre Al‐Falah University Faridabad Haryana India
| | - Rashmi Gulia
- Department of Biochemistry, Al‐Falah School of Medical Science and Research Centre Al‐Falah University Faridabad Haryana India
| | - Khursheed Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Tapan Kumar Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, Al‐Falah School of Medical Science and Research Centre Al‐Falah University Faridabad Haryana India
| | - Zarina Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - K. A. Nafees
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Khalid Al‐Shaghdali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences University of Hail Ha'il Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences University of Hail Ha'il Saudi Arabia
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Fatty Acid Fingerprints and Hyaluronic Acid in Extracellular Vesicles from Proliferating Human Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105613. [PMID: 35628422 PMCID: PMC9146557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as conveyors of fatty acids (FAs) and other bioactive lipids and can modulate the gene expression and behavior of target cells. EV lipid composition influences the fluidity and stability of EV membranes and reflects the availability of lipid mediator precursors. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) secrete EVs that transport hyaluronic acid (HA). FLSs play a central role in inflammation, pannus formation, and cartilage degradation in joint diseases, and EVs have recently emerged as potential mediators of these effects. The aim of the present study was to follow temporal changes in HA and EV secretion by normal FLSs, and to characterize the FA profiles of FLSs and EVs during proliferation. The methods used included nanoparticle tracking analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy, sandwich-type enzyme-linked sorbent assay, quantitative PCR, and gas chromatography. The expression of hyaluronan synthases 1-3 in FLSs and HA concentrations in conditioned media decreased during cell proliferation. This was associated with elevated proportions of 20:4n-6 and total n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in high-density cells, reductions in n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios, and up-regulation of cluster of differentiation 44, tumor necrosis factor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, and PPAR-γ. Compared to the parent FLSs, 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1n-9 were enriched in the EV fraction. EV counts decreased during cell growth, and 18:2n-6 in EVs correlated with the cell count. To conclude, FLS proliferation was featured by increased 20:4n-6 proportions and reduced n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios, and FAs with a low degree of unsaturation were selectively transferred from FLSs into EVs. These FA modifications have the potential to affect membrane fluidity, biosynthesis of lipid mediators, and inflammatory processes in joints, and could eventually provide tools for translational studies to counteract cartilage degradation in inflammatory joint diseases.
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Rother N, Yanginlar C, Pieterse E, Hilbrands L, van der Vlag J. Microparticles in Autoimmunity: Cause or Consequence of Disease? Front Immunol 2022; 13:822995. [PMID: 35514984 PMCID: PMC9065258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.822995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are small (100 nm - 1 um) extracellular vesicles derived from the plasma membrane of dying or activated cells. MPs are important mediators of intercellular communication, transporting proteins, nucleic acids and lipids from the parent cell to other cells. MPs resemble the state of their parent cells and are easily accessible when released into the blood or urine. MPs also play a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases and are considered as potential biomarkers. MP isolation and characterization is technically challenging and results in different studies are contradictory. Therefore, uniform guidelines to isolate and characterize MPs should be developed. Our understanding of MP biology and how MPs play a role in different pathological mechanisms has greatly advanced in recent years. MPs, especially if derived from apoptotic cells, possess strong immunogenic properties due to the presence of modified proteins and nucleic acids. MPs are often found in patients with autoimmune diseases where MPs for example play a role in the break of immunological tolerance and/or induction of inflammatory conditions. In this review, we describe the main techniques to isolate and characterize MPs, define the characteristics of MPs generated during cell death, illustrate different mechanism of intercellular communication via MPs and summarize the role of MPs in pathological mechanisms with a particular focus on autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rother
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Cansu Yanginlar
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Elmar Pieterse
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luuk Hilbrands
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Kosanović M, Milutinovic B, Glamočlija S, Morlans IM, Ortiz A, Bozic M. Extracellular Vesicles and Acute Kidney Injury: Potential Therapeutic Avenue for Renal Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073792. [PMID: 35409151 PMCID: PMC8998560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden decline of renal function and represents a global clinical problem due to an elevated morbidity and mortality. Despite many efforts, currently there are no treatments to halt this devastating condition. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by various cell types in both physiological and pathological conditions. EVs can arise from distinct parts of the kidney and can mediate intercellular communication between various cell types along the nephron. Besides their potential as diagnostic tools, EVs have been proposed as powerful new tools for regenerative medicine and have been broadly studied as therapeutic mediators in different models of experimental AKI. In this review, we present an overview of the basic features and biological relevance of EVs, with an emphasis on their functional role in cell-to-cell communication in the kidney. We explore versatile roles of EVs in crucial pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to AKI and give a detailed description of the renoprotective effects of EVs from different origins in AKI. Finally, we explain known mechanisms of action of EVs in AKI and provide an outlook on the potential clinical translation of EVs in the setting of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kosanović
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Bojana Milutinovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sofija Glamočlija
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, INEP, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Ingrid Mena Morlans
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Milica Bozic
- Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), 25196 Lleida, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Exosomes in the Pathogenesis, Progression, and Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9030099. [PMID: 35324788 PMCID: PMC8945849 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9030099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and debilitating age-related joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, synovial membrane inflammation, osteophyte formation, as well as subchondral bone sclerosis. OA drugs at present are mainly palliative and do not halt or reverse disease progression. Currently, no disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) are available and total joint arthroplasty remains a last resort. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of efficacious treatments for OA management. Among all novel pharmaco-therapeutical options, exosome-based therapeutic strategies are highly promising. Exosome cargoes, which include proteins, lipids, cytokines, and various RNA subtypes, are potentially capable of regulating intercellular communications and gene expression in target cells and tissues involved in OA development. With extensive research in recent years, exosomes in OA studies are no longer limited to classic, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived vesicles. New origins, structures, and functions of exosomes are constantly being discovered and investigated. This review systematically summarizes the non-classic origins, biosynthesis, and extraction of exosomes, describes modification and delivery techniques, explores their role in OA pathogenesis and progression, and discusses their therapeutic potential and hurdles to overcome in OA treatment.
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11
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Orthodontics Surgical Assistance (Piezosurgery®): Experimental Evidence According to Clinical Results. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is based on intermitted or continuous forces applied to teeth, changing the mechanical loading of the system and arousing a cellular response that leads to bone adaptation. The traditional orthodontic movement causes a remodeling of the alveolar bone and changes in the periodontal structures that lead to tooth movement. The use of a piezoelectric instrument in orthodontic surgery has already shown great advantages. The purpose of this study is to rank the behavior of inflammatory mediators in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Ten patients with malocclusion underwent orthodontic surgical treatment, which included a first stage of surgically guided orthodontic movement (monocortical tooth dislocation and ligament distraction, MTDLD) to accelerate orthodontic movements. In all cases, corticotomy was performed by Piezosurgery. Bone and dental biopsy was executed to evaluate changes in the cytokines IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-2 in different time intervals (1, 2, 7, 14 and 28 days). The molecular mediators are IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and IL-2. Immediately after the surgical procedure there was a mild expression of the three molecular markers, while the assertion of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha reached the maximum value after 24 h and 48 h, indicating a strong activation of the treated tissues. The Piezosurgery® surgical technique induces an evident stress in short times, within 24–48 h from the treatment, but it decreases significantly during the follow-up.
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12
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Alghamdi M, Alamry SA, Bahlas SM, Uversky VN, Redwan EM. Circulating extracellular vesicles and rheumatoid arthritis: a proteomic analysis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:25. [PMID: 34971426 PMCID: PMC11072894 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles secreted by most cells for intracellular communication and transportation of biomolecules. EVs carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and receptors that are involved in human physiology and pathology. EV cargo is variable and highly related to the type and state of the cellular origin. Three subtypes of EVs have been identified: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Exosomes are the smallest and the most well-studied class of EVs that regulate different biological processes and participate in several diseases, such as cancers and autoimmune diseases. Proteomic analysis of exosomes succeeded in profiling numerous types of proteins involved in disease development and prognosis. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), exosomes revealed a potential function in joint inflammation. These EVs possess a unique function, as they can transfer specific autoantigens and mediators between distant cells. Current proteomic data demonstrated that exosomes could provide beneficial effects against autoimmunity and exert an immunosuppressive action, particularly in RA. Based on these observations, effective therapeutic strategies have been developed for arthritis and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alghamdi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory Department, University Medical Services Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Abdulmughni Alamry
- Immunology Diagnostic Laboratory Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami M Bahlas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Therapeutic and Protective Proteins Laboratory, Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, New Borg EL-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
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13
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Yao X, Wang Q, Zeng P, Hou L, Yang Y, Lu D, Huang Y, Ning Q, Xu H, Cao Y, Tang F, An Y, Zhou J, Huang W, Ma W. LncRNA HOTTIP from synovial fibroblast-derived exosomes: A novel molecular target for rheumatoid arthritis through the miR-1908-5p/STAT3 axis. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112943. [PMID: 34808131 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammation mediated by autoimmune responses. HOTTIP, a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), participates in cell proliferation and invasion. However, the correlation between HOTTIP and RA remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify how HOTTIP works in RA and to investigate its role in the development of RA. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle progression. Binding between HOTTIP, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and miR-1908-5p was demonstrated by dual-luciferase assays. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of T cell differentiation-related proteins. We found that HOTTIP was upregulated in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). HOTTIP directly bound to miR-1908-5p and negatively modulated miR-1908-5p expression while positively regulating STAT3. The effects of HOTTIP overexpression on regulating the balance of the Th17/Treg cell ratio were partly reversed by miR-1908-5p overexpression. In addition, in vivo experiments demonstrated that overexpression of HOTTIP aggravated inflammation in RA mice, which was demonstrated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and the increased expression levels of CD4+ interleukin (IL)-17+, forkhead Box P3 (FOXP3) and retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma-t (RORγt). In summary, our study suggests that HOTTIP plays a damaging role in RA by promoting inflammation, which may be related to the regulation of miR-1908-5p expression and the STAT3 signaling pathway. These results suggest that the regulation of HOTTIP may be a promising therapeutic strategy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Qiuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Yutao Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Daoming Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Qiaoyi Ning
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Yuepeng Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China
| | - Weichen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China.
| | - Wukai Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fei Shan Street, Guiyang 550003, China.
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14
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Da-wa ZX, Jun M, Chao-Zheng L, Sen-Lin Y, Chuan L, De-chun L, Zu-Nan D, Hong-tao Z, Shu-qing W, Xian-wei P, Wenbo L, Ke-wen L. Exosomes Derived from M2 Macrophages Exert a Therapeutic Effect via Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Rats with Knee Osteoarthritic. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:7218067. [PMID: 34926690 PMCID: PMC8683166 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7218067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are commonly classified as M1 macrophages or M2 macrophages. M2 macrophages are obtained by stimulation of IL-4 with anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effects. Exosomes are 30-150 nm lipid bilayer membrane vesicles derived from most living cells and have a variety of biological functions. Previous studies have shown that macrophage exosomes can influence the course of some autoimmune diseases, but their effect on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has not been reported. Here, we analyze the roles of exosomes derived from M2 macrophage phenotypes in KOA rats. Exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of M2 macrophages and identified via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, and DLS. The results showed that M2 macrophage exosomes significantly attenuated the inflammatory response and pathological damage of articular cartilage in KOA rats. In addition, a key protein associated with KOA including Aggrecan, Col-10, SOX6, and Runx2 was significantly increased, while MMP-13 was significantly suppressed following treatment with M2 macrophage exosomes. The present study indicated that M2 macrophage exosomes exerted protective effects on KOA rats mainly mediated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. These findings provide a novel approach for the treatment of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha Xi Da-wa
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Ma Jun
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Spine Surgery, China
| | - Liu Chao-Zheng
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Yang Sen-Lin
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Lu Chuan
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Li De-chun
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | | | - Zhao Hong-tao
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Wei Shu-qing
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
| | - Pei Xian-wei
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Province, Department of Orthopedics, China
| | - Liu Wenbo
- Translational Research Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Li Ke-wen
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Department of Joint Surgery, China
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15
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Takahashi T, Schleimer RP. Epithelial-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Pathophysiology of Epithelial Injury and Repair in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Connecting Immunology in Research Lab to Biomarkers in Clinics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11709. [PMID: 34769139 PMCID: PMC8583779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial barrier disruption and failure of epithelial repair by aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-induced basal cells observed in nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are speculated to play important roles in disease pathophysiology. Microparticles (MPs) are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) released by budding or shedding from the plasma membrane of activated or apoptotic cells. MPs are detected in nasal lavage fluids (NLFs) and are now receiving attention as potential biomarkers to evaluate the degree of activation of immune cells and injury of structural cells in nasal mucosa of subjects with sinus disease. There are three types of epithelial-cell-derived MPs, which are defined by the expression of different epithelial specific markers on their surface: EpCAM, E-cadherin, and integrin β6 (ITGB6). When these markers are on MPs that are also carrying canonical EMT/mesenchymal markers (Snail (SNAI1); Slug (SNAI2); alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA, ACTA2)) or pro- and anti-coagulant molecules (tissue factor (TF); tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)), they provide insight as to the roles of epithelial activation for EMT or regulation of coagulation in the underlying disease. In this review, we discuss the potential of epithelial MPs as research tools to evaluate status of nasal mucosae of CRS patients in the lab, as well as biomarkers for management and treatment of CRS in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Takahashi
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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16
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Carmona‐Pérez L, Rojas M, Muñoz‐Vahos C, Vanegas‐García A, Vásquez G. Plasma microparticles from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus modulate the content of miRNAs in U937 cells. Immunology 2021; 164:253-265. [PMID: 34003488 PMCID: PMC8442235 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the clearance of apoptotic cells and microparticles (MPs) is reduced. Some MPs contain molecules that can modulate immune responses. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of miR-126 and miR-146a in plasma MPs of patients with SLE (SLE MPs) and analyse the ability of MPs to modulate some events in the promonocytic U937 cell line. Circulating MPs were isolated from plasma samples of healthy controls (HCs), patients with SLE and other autoimmune diseases (OAD). MPs were analysed for size and cell origin by flow cytometry and content of miR-126 and miR-146a by RT-qPCR. MPs were then added to U937 cell cultures to evaluate changes in cell phenotype, cytokine expression, content of miR-126 and miR-146a, and levels of IRF5. Patients with active SLE (aSLE) showed an increase in concentration of plasma MPs that positively correlated with the SLEDAI (SLE Disease Activity Index) score. CD14+ MPs were significantly more abundant in patients with SLE than HCs. SLE MPs contained decreased levels of miR-146a, but the miR-126 content in aSLE MPs was increased. The miR-126 content in SLE MPs correlated positively with the SLEDAI score. The treatment of U937 cells with MPs from HCs and patients induced reduced expression of HLA-DR, CD18 and CD119, increased frequency of IL-6+ and TNF-α+ cells, accumulation of IL-8 in culture supernatants, increased miR-126 levels and decreased miR-146a content, but no change in the expression of IRF5. These findings suggest that plasma MPs, especially SLE MPs, could modulate some biological events in U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liseth Carmona‐Pérez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG)Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigaciones MédicasUniversidad de Antioquia (UDEA)MedellínColombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG)Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigaciones MédicasUniversidad de Antioquia (UDEA)MedellínColombia
- Unidad de Citometría de FlujoSede de Investigación UniversitariaUniversidad de Antioquia (UDEA)MedellínColombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz‐Vahos
- Sección de ReumatologíaHospital San Vicente FundaciónMedellínColombia
- Grupo de Reumatología de la Universidad de Antioquia (GRUA)MedellínColombia
| | - Adiana Vanegas‐García
- Sección de ReumatologíaHospital San Vicente FundaciónMedellínColombia
- Grupo de Reumatología de la Universidad de Antioquia (GRUA)MedellínColombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG)Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Investigaciones MédicasUniversidad de Antioquia (UDEA)MedellínColombia
- Grupo de Reumatología de la Universidad de Antioquia (GRUA)MedellínColombia
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17
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Internalization of Neutrophil-Derived Microvesicles Modulates TNFα-Stimulated Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Human Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147409. [PMID: 34299030 PMCID: PMC8304992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NDMVs) have the potential to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Our study aimed to explore the effects of NDMVs on proinflammatory cytokines expressed by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). FLS were isolated from the synovium of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing surgery. NDMVs, isolated from TNFα-stimulated healthy neutrophils, were characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. MTT and scratch wound healing assays were used to measure FLS viability and migration after treatment with NDMVs, while internalization of fluorescently labeled NDMVs was appraised by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines in supernatants were quantified by the Bio-Plex system. Incubation of FLS with NDMVs at a vesicle/cell ratio of 100 resulted in a time-dependent uptake, with 35% of synoviocytes containing microvesicles over a 6–24 h time period, with no significant change in cell viability. TNFα stimulated the cytokine expression in FLS, and NDMVs down-regulated TNFα-induced expression of IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, IFNγ and MIP-1β. However, this down-regulation was selective, as NDMVs had no significant effects on TNFα-stimulated expression of IL-2 or IL-4. NDMVs were internalized by FLS to inhibit TNFα-stimulated broad-spectrum proinflammatory cytokine secretion. NDMVs, therefore, may exhibit an anti-inflammatory role in the regulation of the FLS function.
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18
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Grieco GE, Fignani D, Formichi C, Nigi L, Licata G, Maccora C, Brusco N, Sebastiani G, Dotta F. Extracellular Vesicles in Immune System Regulation and Type 1 Diabetes: Cell-to-Cell Communication Mediators, Disease Biomarkers, and Promising Therapeutic Tools. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682948. [PMID: 34177928 PMCID: PMC8219977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generated by cells of origin through complex molecular mechanisms and released into extracellular environment. Hence, the presence of EVs has been described in multiple biological fluids and in most cases their molecular cargo, which includes non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), messenger RNAs (mRNA), and proteins, has been reported to modulate distinct biological processes. EVs release and their molecular cargo have been demonstrated to be altered in multiple diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Notably, numerous evidence showed a relevant crosstalk between immune system and interacting cells through specific EVs release. The crosstalk between insulin-producing pancreatic β cells and immune system through EVs bidirectional trafficking has yet started to be deciphered, thus uncovering an intricate communication network underlying type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. EVs can also be found in blood plasma or serum. Indeed, the assessment of circulating EVs cargo has been shown as a promising advance in the detection of reliable biomarkers of disease progression. Of note, multiple studies showed several specific cargo alterations of EVs collected from plasma/serum of subjects affected by autoimmune diseases, including T1D subjects. In this review, we discuss the recent literature reporting evidence of EVs role in autoimmune diseases, specifically focusing on the bidirectional crosstalk between pancreatic β cells and immune system in T1D and highlight the relevant promising role of circulating EVs as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Fignani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Formichi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.,UOC Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.,UOC Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Giada Licata
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Carla Maccora
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.,UOC Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Brusco
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.,UOC Diabetologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.,Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), Siena, Italy
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19
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Mustonen AM, Nieminen P. Extracellular Vesicles and Their Potential Significance in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040315. [PMID: 33915903 PMCID: PMC8065796 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by inflammation, gradual destruction of articular cartilage, joint pain, and functional limitations that eventually lead to disability. Join tissues, including synovium and articular cartilage, release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that have been proposed to sustain joint homeostasis as well as to contribute to OA pathogenesis. EVs transport biologically active molecules, and OA can be characterized by altered EV counts and composition in synovial fluid. Of EV cargo, specific non-coding RNAs could have future potential as diagnostic biomarkers for early OA. EVs may contribute to the propagation of inflammation and cartilage destruction by transporting and enhancing the production of inflammatory mediators and cartilage-degrading proteinases. In addition to inducing OA-related gene expression patterns in synoviocytes and articular chondrocytes, EVs can induce anti-OA effects, including increased extracellular matrix deposition and cartilage protection. Especially mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs can alleviate intra-articular inflammation and relieve OA pain. In addition, surgically- or chemically-induced cartilage defects have been repaired with EV therapies in animal models. While human clinical trials are still in the future, the potential of actual cures to OA by EV products is very promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mari Mustonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-294-45-1111
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
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20
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Lu M, DiBernardo E, Parks E, Fox H, Zheng SY, Wayne E. The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autoimmune Disorders. Front Immunol 2021; 12:566299. [PMID: 33732229 PMCID: PMC7959789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.566299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players in autoimmune diseases, both in disease pathogenesis and as potential treatments. EVs can transport autoimmune triggers throughout the body, facilitating the process of antigen presentation. Understanding the link between cellular stress and EV biogenesis and intercellular trafficking will advance our understanding of autoimmune diseases. In addition, EVs can also be effective treatments for autoimmune diseases. The diversity of cell types that produce EVs leads to a wide range of molecules to be present in EVs, and thus EVs have a wide range of physiological effects. EVs derived from dendritic cells or mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to reduce inflammation. Since many autoimmune treatments are focused only on symptom management, EVs present a promising avenue for potential treatments. This review looks at the different roles EVs can play in autoimmune diseases, from disease pathology to diagnosis and treatment. We also overview various methodologies in isolating or generating EVs and look to the future for possible applications of EVs in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrou Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Emma DiBernardo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Emily Parks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Hannah Fox
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Si-Yang Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Wayne
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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21
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Kwok ZH, Wang C, Jin Y. Extracellular Vesicle Transportation and Uptake by Recipient Cells: A Critical Process to Regulate Human Diseases. Processes (Basel) 2021; 9. [PMID: 34336602 PMCID: PMC8323758 DOI: 10.3390/pr9020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence highlights the relevance of extracellular vesicles
(EVs) in modulating human diseases including but not limited to cancer,
inflammation, and neurological disorders. EVs can be found in almost all types
of human body fluids, suggesting that their trafficking may allow for their
targeting to remote recipient cells. While molecular processes underlying EV
biogenesis and secretion are increasingly elucidated, mechanisms governing EV
transportation, target finding and binding, as well as uptake into recipient
cells remain to be characterized. Understanding the specificity of EV transport
and uptake is critical to facilitating the development of EVs as valuable
diagnostics and therapeutics. In this mini review, we focus on EV uptake
mechanisms and specificities, as well as their implications in human
diseases.
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22
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Álvarez K, Villar-Vesga J, Ortiz-Reyes B, Vanegas-García A, Castaño D, Rojas M, Vásquez G. Induction of NF-κB inflammatory pathway in monocytes by microparticles from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05815. [PMID: 33409392 PMCID: PMC7773880 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated levels of circulating microparticles (MPs) and molecules of the complement system have been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, microparticles isolated from patients with SLE (SLE-MPs) contain higher levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) than MPs from healthy controls (CMPs). We hypothesize that the uptake of MPs by monocytes could contribute to the chronic inflammatory processes observed in patients with SLE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of activation markers, production of proinflammatory mediators, and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in monocytes treated with CMPs and SLE-MPs. Methodology Monocytes isolated from healthy individuals were pretreated or not with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and cultured with CMPs and SLE-MPs. The cell surface expression of CD69 and HLA-DR were evaluated by flow cytometry; cytokine and eicosanoid levels were quantified in culture supernatants by Cytokine Bead Array and ELISA, respectively; and the NF-κB activation was evaluated by Western blot and epifluorescence microscopy. Results The cell surface expression of HLA-DR and CD69, and the supernatant levels of IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2, and LTB4 were higher in cultures of monocytes treated with SLE-MPs than CMPs. These responses were blocked in the presence of PDTC, a pharmacological inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, with concomitant reduction of IκBα and cytoplasmic p65, and increased nuclear translocation of p65. Conclusions The present findings indicate that significant uptake of SLE-MPs by monocytes results in activation, production of inflammatory mediators, and triggering of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Álvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Área de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina. Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Calle 70 No.52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Blanca Ortiz-Reyes
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas-García
- Grupo de Reumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Calle 64 No.51D-154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo de Reumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
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23
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Bosscher HA, Grozdanov PN, Warraich II, MacDonald CC, Day MR. The peridural membrane of the spine has characteristics of synovium. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:631-646. [PMID: 32537855 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The peridural membrane (PDM) is a well-defined structure between dura mater and the wall of the spinal canal. The spine may be viewed as a multi-segmented joint, with the epidural cavity and neural foramina as joint spaces and PDM as synovial lining. The objective of this investigation was to determine if PDM has histological characteristics of synovium. Samples of the PDM of the thoraco-lumbar spine were taken from 23 human cadavers and analyzed with conventional light microscopy and confocal microscopy. Results were compared to reports on similar analyses of synovium in the literature. Histological distribution of areolar, fibrous, and adipose connective tissue in PDM was similar to synovium. The PDM has an intima and sub-intima. No basement membrane was identified. CD68, a marker for macrophage-like-synoviocytes, and CD55, a marker for fibroblast-like synoviocytes, were seen in the lining and sub-lining of the PDM. Multifunctional hyaluronan receptor CD44 and hyaluronic acid synthetase 2 marker HAS2 were abundantly present throughout the membrane. Marked presence of CD44, CD55, and HAS2 in the well-developed tunica muscularis of blood vessels and in the body of the PDM suggests a role in the maintenance and lubrication of the epidural cavity and neural foramina. Presence of CD68, CD55, and CD44 suggests a scavenging function and a role in the inflammatory response to noxious stimuli. Thus, the human PDM has histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of synovium. This suggests that the PDM may be important for the homeostasis of the flexible spine and the neural structures it contains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemmo A Bosscher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Pain Management Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Petar N Grozdanov
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Image Analysis and Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Irfan I Warraich
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Clinton C MacDonald
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Miles R Day
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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24
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Asghar S, Litherland GJ, Lockhart JC, Goodyear CS, Crilly A. Exosomes in intercellular communication and implications for osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:57-68. [PMID: 31628481 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent of the musculoskeletal conditions and represents a significant public health burden. While degeneration of articular cartilage is a key feature, it is now increasingly recognized as a complex condition affecting the whole joint, with synovial inflammation present in a significant proportion of patients. As a secretory tissue, the OA synovium is a rich source of both soluble inflammatory mediators and extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, which have been implicated in cell-cell communication. Exosome cargo has been found to include proteins, lipids and various RNA subtypes such as mRNA and miRNA, potentially capable of regulating gene expression in target cells and tissues. Profiling of exosome cargo and understanding effects on cartilage could elucidate novel regulatory mechanisms within the joint, providing insight for targeted treatment. The aim of this article is to review current literature on exosome biology, highlighting the relevance and application for OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabha Asghar
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley, UK
| | - Gary J Litherland
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley, UK
| | - John C Lockhart
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley, UK
| | - Carl S Goodyear
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, GBRC, University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anne Crilly
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley, UK
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25
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Maione F, Cappellano G, Bellan M, Raineri D, Chiocchetti A. Chicken-or-egg question: Which came first, extracellular vesicles or autoimmune diseases? J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:601-616. [PMID: 32108378 PMCID: PMC7496139 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0120-232r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted great interest as contributors to autoimmune disease (AD) pathogenesis, owing to their immunomodulatory potential; they may also play a role in triggering tolerance disruption, by delivering auto‐antigens. EVs are released by almost all cell types, and afford paracrine or distal cell communication, functioning as biological carriers of active molecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Depending on stimuli from the external microenvironment or on their cargo, EVs can promote or suppress immune responses. ADs are triggered by inappropriate immune‐system activation against the self, but their precise etiology is still poorly understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that lifestyle and diet have a strong impact on their clinical onset and development. However, to date the mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis are not fully clarified, and reliable markers, which would provide early prediction and disease progression monitoring, are lacking. In this connection, EVs have recently been indicated as a promising source of AD biomarkers. Although EV isolation is currently based on differential centrifugation or density‐gradient ultracentrifugation, the resulting co‐isolation of contaminants (i.e., protein aggregates), and the pooling of all EVs in one sample, limit this approach to abundantly‐expressed EVs. Flow cytometry is one of the most promising methods for detecting EVs as biomarkers, and may have diagnostic applications. Furthermore, very recent findings describe a new method for identifying and sorting EVs by flow cytometry from freshly collected body fluids, based on specific EV surface markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Maione
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases- IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases- IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Raineri
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases- IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases- IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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26
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Čolić J, Matucci Cerinic M, Guiducci S, Damjanov N. Microparticles in systemic sclerosis, targets or tools to control fibrosis: This is the question! JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2020; 5:6-20. [PMID: 35382401 PMCID: PMC8922594 DOI: 10.1177/2397198319857356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is the main systemic fibrotic disease with unknown etiology characterized by peripheral microvascular injury, activation of immune system, and wide-spread progressive fibrosis. Microparticles can be derived from any cell type during normal cellular differentiation, senescence, and apoptosis, and also upon cellular activation. Carrying along a broad range of surface cytoplasmic and nuclear molecules of originating cells, microparticles are closely implicated in inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, and immunopathogenesis. Recently, microparticles have been proposed as biomarkers of endothelial injury, which is the primary event in the genesis of tissue fibrosis. Microparticles may have a role in fostering endothelial to mesenchymal transition, thus giving a significant contribution to the development of myofibroblasts, the most important final effectors responsible for tissue fibrosis and fibroproliferative vasculopathy. Thanks to potent profibrotic mediators, such as transforming growth factor beta, platelet-derived growth factor, high mobility group box 1 protein, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4, and antifibrotic agents, such as matrix metalloproteinases, microparticles may play an opposite role in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Čolić
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of
Rheumatology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marco Matucci Cerinic
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC)
and Denothe Centre, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Guiducci
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of
Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC)
and Denothe Centre, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nemanja Damjanov
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of
Rheumatology, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Medicine, University of
Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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27
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Krajewska-Włodarczyk M, Owczarczyk-Saczonek A, Żuber Z, Wojtkiewicz M, Wojtkiewicz J. Role of Microparticles in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Joint Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5453. [PMID: 31683793 PMCID: PMC6862866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) make up a group of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). The course of these diseases involves chronic inflammation of joints and enthesopathies, which can result in joint damage and disability. Microparticles (MPs) are a group of small spherical membranous vesicles. The structure and cellular origin of MPs, mechanisms that stimulate their secretion and the place of their production, determine their biological properties, which could become manifest in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Microparticles can stimulate synovitis with proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. MPs may also contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases by the formation of immune complexes and complement activation, pro-coagulation activity, activation of vascular endothelium cells, and stimulation of metalloproteinase production. It seems that in the future, microparticles can become a modern marker of disease activity, a response to treatment, and, possibly, they can be used in the prognosis of the course of arthritis. The knowledge of the complexity of MPs biology remains incomplete and it requires further comprehensive studies to explain how they affect the development of rheumatic diseases. This review focuses on the immunopathogenic and therapeutic role of MPs in chronic immune-mediated inflammatory joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Krajewska-Włodarczyk
- Department of Rheumatology, Municipal Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-900 Olsztyn, Poland.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-900 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek
- Department of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-900 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Żuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Maja Wojtkiewicz
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Geomatics and Cartography Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Joanna Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-900 Olsztyn, Poland.
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28
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Chen CH, Chang CL, Chen KH, Cheng BC, Chen HH, Chiang JY, Sung PH, Yip HK. Level and Value of T Cell-derived Circulating Microparticles in Liver Cirrhosis Patients. In Vivo 2019; 33:2265-2272. [PMID: 31662566 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We examined the hypothesis that T cell-derived-circulating microparticles (MPs) are increased in liver-cirrhosis (LC) patients compared to normal subjects and are also increased in chronic hepatitis compared to acute-decompensated-liver cirrhosis (ADLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 66 LC patients, including 35 with ADLC and 31 with non-decompensated-LC (NDLC), were enrolled in the study. Ten volunteers served as controls. RESULTS Flow-cytometric analysis showed that circulating levels of T-cell derived MPs (i.e., total MPs and CD4+/CD8+/CD54+MPs) were higher in LC patients than in the controls (all p<0.003). Total MPs and CD8+MPs were higher in NDLC than in ADLC patients. There were good correlations between CD8+MPs and ADLC as well as between total MPs and chronic hepatitis. Multivariate-linear-regression analysis showed that NDLC was independently predictive of increased circulating CD8+MPs levels (p<0.05) and chronic hepatitis independently predictive of increased circulating total MPs levels (p<0.001)/CD4+MPs (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Circulating levels of T-cell-derived MPs were increased in ADLC patients and were even more elevated in NDLC patients compared to healthy-control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Chen
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Lo Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuan-Hung Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ben-Chung Cheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hong-Hwa Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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29
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[Updates in systemic sclerosis pathogenesis: Toward new therapeutic opportunities]. Rev Med Interne 2019; 40:654-663. [PMID: 31301944 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by skin and several internal organ fibrosis, systemic vasculopathy and immune abnormalities. Even if fibroblasts and endothelial cells dysfunction, as well as lymphocytes and other immune cells implication are now well described, the exact origin and chronology of the disease pathogenesis remain unclear. Oxidative stress, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, seems to play a key role. Indeed, it seems to be implicated in the early phases of fibrosis development, vasculopathy and in immune tolerance abnormalities shared by all patients, although disease expression is heterogeneous. To date, no curative treatment is available. Even if immunosuppressive treatment or drugs acting on vascular system are proposed for some patients, overall, treatment efficiency remains modest. Only autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, reserved for patients with severe or rapidly progressive fibrosis, has recently demonstrated efficiency, with lasting regression of fibrosis. Nevertheless, this treatment can expose to important, life-threatening toxicity. In the last decade, new mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis have been unraveled, bringing new therapeutic opportunities. In this review, we offer to focus on recent insights in the knowledge of systemic sclerosis pathogenesis and its implication in current and future medical care.
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30
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Michael BNR, Kommoju V, Kavadichanda Ganapathy C, Negi VS. Characterization of cell-derived microparticles in synovial fluid and plasma of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2019; 39:1377-1387. [PMID: 31201512 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microparticles (MP) are proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to profile cell lineage-specific MP in patients with RA, osteoarthritis (OA), and healthy controls (HC) in synovial fluid and circulation. Patients with RA (n = 40), OA (n = 30) and HC (n = 33) were included. Cell-free synovial fluid (SF) and platelet-poor plasma samples were stained with annexin V APC and antibodies against CD45, CD20, CD14, CD4, CD8, CD66b, and CD61 for multicolor flow cytometry. Mann-Whitney U test/unpaired T test was used to assess intergroup differences among RA and OA SF and clinical, serological phenotypes of RA based on normality distribution; Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparisons for comparing plasma MPs among RA, OA, and HC. Correlation between MP proportions and disease parameters was assessed by Spearman's correlation. The proportion of annexin V+ MP in SF of patients with RA [5 (6.35)] [median (IQR)] was higher compared to OA [1.8 (1.35), p < 0.001] and plasma of patients with RA [3.45 (5.63)] compared to OA [1.85 (1.4)] and HC [0.9 (1.1), p < 0.001]. Leukocyte-derived [0.85 (1.17)], granulocyte-derived [0.4 (2.05)], monocyte-derived [0.4 (0.4)], and T cell-derived MP [CD4+ - 0.1 (0.1); CD8+ - 0.1(0.1)] were higher in RA SF (p < 0.001). Platelet-derived MP (PMP) were the major fraction [1.5 (4.23), p < 0.001] in RA plasma. Leukocyte-derived MP were higher in RA plasma [0.1 (0.2); p < 0.001) than OA and HC. Annexin V+ MP and PMP were higher in the SF of RA with extra-articular manifestations (n = 15), as compared to those without (n = 25) (p = 0.02; p < 0.01, respectively). High SF granulocyte-derived MP were observed in patients with established RA (n = 24), ACPA-positive RA (n = 32) compared to their negative counterparts (p = 0.03; p = 0.02, respectively). Our observations of higher proportions of cell-derived MP in the plasma and synovial fluid of DMARD-naïve RA patients, their clinical and serological phenotypes suggest their role in dynamic cross talk between the joint and systemic circulation, disease pathology, and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Nancy Reni Michael
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Vallayyachari Kommoju
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Chengappa Kavadichanda Ganapathy
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605 006, India.
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31
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Wu SW, Li L, Wang Y, Xiao Z. CTL-Derived Exosomes Enhance the Activation of CTLs Stimulated by Low-Affinity Peptides. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1274. [PMID: 31275303 PMCID: PMC6593274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) bind to peptides presented by MHC I (pMHC) through T cell receptors of various affinities. Low-affinity CTLs are important for the control of intracellular pathogens and cancers; however, the mechanisms by which these lower affinity CTLs are activated and maintained are not well understood. We recently discovered that fully activated CTLs stimulated by strong-affinity peptides in the presence of IL-12 are able to secrete exosomes that, in turn, stimulate bystander CTLs without requiring the presence of antigen. We hypothesized that exosomes secreted by high-affinity CTLs could strengthen the activation of low-affinity CTLs. Naive OT-I CD8+ cells were stimulated with altered N4 peptides of different affinities in the presence or absence of Exo. The presence of Exo preferentially increased cell proliferation and enhanced the production of IFNγ in CTLs stimulated by low-affinity peptides. The expression of granzyme B (GZB) was augmented in all affinities, with higher GZB production in low-affinity stimulated CTLs than in high-affinity stimulated ones. Exosomes promoted the rapid activation of low-affinity CTLs, which remained responsive to exosomes for a prolonged duration. Unexpectedly, exosomes could be induced quickly (24 h) following CTL activation and at a higher quantity per cell than later (72 h). While exosome protein profiles vary significantly between early exosomes and their later-derived counterparts, both appear to have similar downstream functions. These results reveal a potential mechanism for fully activated CTLs in activating lower-affinity CTLs that may have important implications in boosting the function of low-affinity CTLs in immunotherapy for cancers and chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Wu
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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Abstract
Microparticles are a distinctive group of small vesicles, without nucleus, which are involved as significant modulators in several physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Plasma microparticles from various cellular lines have been subject of research. Data suggest that they are key players in development and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases and their presence, in high levels, is associated with chronic inflammation, endothelial damage and thrombosis. The strong correlation of microparticle levels with several outcomes in cardiovascular diseases has led to their utilization as biomarkers. Despite the limited clinical application at present, their significance emerges, mainly because their detection and enumeration methods are improving. This review article summarizes the evidence derived from research, related with the genesis and the function of microparticles in the presence of various cardiovascular risk factors and conditions. The current data provide a substrate for several theories of how microparticles influence various cellular mechanisms by transferring biological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Voukalis
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Eduard Shantsila
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- b Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science , University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital , Liverpool , UK.,c Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
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Wu X, Liu Y, Wei W, Liu ML. Extracellular vesicles in autoimmune vasculitis - Little dirts light the fire in blood vessels. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:593-606. [PMID: 30959208 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic vasculitis is diverse group of autoimmune disorders which are characterized by inflammation of blood vessel walls with deep aching and burning pain. Their underlying etiology and pathophysiology still remain poorly understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs), and apoptotic bodies, are membrane vesicular structures that are released either during cell activation, or when cells undergo programmed cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Although EVs were thought as cell dusts, but now they have been found to be potently active since they harbor bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, or multi-molecular complexes. EVs can serve as novel mediators for cell-to-cell communications by delivery bioactive molecules from their parental cells to the recipient cells. Earlier studies mainly focused on MVs budding from membrane surface. Recent studies demonstrated that EVs may also carry molecules from cytoplasm or even from nucleus of their parental cells, and these EVs may carry autoantigens and are important in vasculitis. EVs may play important roles in vasculitis through their potential pathogenic involvements in inflammation, autoimmune responses, procoagulation, endothelial dysfunction/damage, angiogenesis, and intimal hyperplasia. EVs have also been used as specific biomarkers for diagnostic use or disease severity monitoring. In this review, we have focused on the aspects of EV biology most relevant to the pathogenesis of vasculitis, discussed their perspective insights, and summarized the exist literature on EV relevant studies in vasculitis, therefore provides an integration of current knowledge regarding the novel role of EVs in systemic vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (Philadelphia), Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Fogli S, Neri T, Nuti E, Mattii L, Camodeca C, Rossello A. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors prevent the release and proteolytic activity of monocyte/macrophage-derived microparticles. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:485-490. [PMID: 31005034 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of monocyte/macrophage-derived microparticles (MPs) in the pathophysiology of cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases has been reported; nevertheless, the mechanism underlying microparticles release is currently unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors could prevent MP shedding from stimulated human monocyte/macrophage. METHODS Microparticles were obtained by isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells after stimulation with the calcium ionophore, A23187. MP shedding, intracellular calcium concentration, analysis of RhoA expression, and proteolytic activities of isolated MPs were assessed in the absence or presence of MMP inhibitors. RESULTS We demonstrated that MMP inhibitors remarkably prevented MP shedding in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values in the nano- to micromolar range. Such an effect was related to their ability to reduce the intracellular Ca2+ levels induced by the calcium ionophore and the consequent translocation of RhoA from cytosol to membrane. Furthermore, MMP inhibitors could inhibit the proteolytic activity of cell-derived MPs. CONCLUSIONS The current study provide evidence that MMP inhibitors can prevent MPs shedding from stimulated human monocyte/macrophage and the proteolytic activity of released MPs. Finally, the most active compound tested might represent the lead compound of a new class of molecules with therapeutic potential in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fogli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Letizia Mattii
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Słomka A, Urban SK, Lukacs-Kornek V, Żekanowska E, Kornek M. Large Extracellular Vesicles: Have We Found the Holy Grail of Inflammation? Front Immunol 2018; 9:2723. [PMID: 30619239 PMCID: PMC6300519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The terms microparticles (MPs) and microvesicles (MVs) refer to large extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated from a broad spectrum of cells upon its activation or death by apoptosis. The unique surface antigens of MPs/MVs allow for the identification of their cellular origin as well as its functional characterization. Two basic aspects of MP/MV functions in physiology and pathological conditions are widely considered. Firstly, it has become evident that large EVs have strong procoagulant properties. Secondly, experimental and clinical studies have shown that MPs/MVs play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of inflammation-associated disorders. A cardinal feature of these disorders is an enhanced generation of platelets-, endothelial-, and leukocyte-derived EVs. Nevertheless, anti-inflammatory effects of miscellaneous EV types have also been described, which provided important new insights into the large EV-inflammation axis. Advances in understanding the biology of MPs/MVs have led to the preparation of this review article aimed at discussing the association between large EVs and inflammation, depending on their cellular origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Słomka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sabine Katharina Urban
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Lukacs-Kornek
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University Hospital of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ewa Żekanowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Kornek
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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36
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles that mediate intercellular communications in local and distant microenvironments. Due to their ability to carry bioactive materials such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, and to transfer their cargo into target cells, EVs are thought to be crucial mediators under pathological and physiological conditions. Recent investigations of their protein profiles have revealed the presence of metalloproteinases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in EVs from various cell types and body fluids. Although information regarding the biological and clinical significance of MMPs in EVs is still limited, EV-associated MMPs can alter EV cargo by ectodomain shedding, exerting proteolytic activity following uptake by target cells, or directly contributing to degradation of extracellular matrix proteins surrounding cells. This review focuses on recent findings regarding EV-associated MMPs, and we further discuss their potential involvement in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shimoda
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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37
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Kondo C, Clark RB, Al‐Jezani N, Kim TY, Belke D, Banderali U, Szerencsei RT, Jalloul AH, Schnetkamp PPM, Spitzer KW, Giles WR. ATP triggers a robust intracellular [Ca 2+ ]-mediated signalling pathway in human synovial fibroblasts. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:1101-1122. [PMID: 29791754 DOI: 10.1113/ep086851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the main [Ca2+ ]i signalling pathways activated by ATP in human synovial fibroblasts? What is the main finding and its importance? In human synovial fibroblasts ATP acts through a linked G-protein (Gq ) and phospholipase C signalling mechanism to produce IP3 , which then markedly enhances release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. These results provide new information for the detection of early pathophysiology of arthritis. ABSTRACT In human articular joints, synovial fibroblasts (HSFs) have essential physiological functions that include synthesis and secretion of components of the extracellular matrix and essential articular joint lubricants, as well as release of paracrine substances such as ATP. Although the molecular and cellular processes that lead to a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) phenotype are not fully understood, HSF cells exhibit significant changes during this disease progression. The effects of ATP on HSFs were studied by monitoring changes in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ), and measuring electrophysiological properties. ATP application to HSF cell populations that had been enzymatically released from 2-D cell culture revealed that ATP (10-100 μm), or its analogues UTP or ADP, consistently produced a large transient increase in [Ca2+ ]i . These changes (i) were initiated by activation of the P2 Y purinergic receptor family, (ii) required Gq -mediated signal transduction, (iii) did not involve a transmembrane Ca2+ influx, but instead (iv) arose almost entirely from activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 ) receptors that triggered Ca2+ release from the ER. Corresponding single cell electrophysiological studies revealed that these ATP effects (i) were insensitive to [Ca2+ ]o removal, (ii) involved an IP3 -mediated intracellular Ca2+ release process, and (iii) strongly turned on Ca2+ -activated K+ current(s) that significantly hyperpolarized these cells. Application of histamine produced very similar effects in these HSF cells. Since ATP is a known paracrine agonist and histamine is released early in the inflammatory response, these findings may contribute to identification of early steps/defects in the initiation and progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kondo
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - R B Clark
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - T Y Kim
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - D Belke
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - R T Szerencsei
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - A H Jalloul
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - P P M Schnetkamp
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - K W Spitzer
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Centre, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - W R Giles
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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38
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Garcia-Romero N, Esteban-Rubio S, Rackov G, Carrión-Navarro J, Belda-Iniesta C, Ayuso-Sacido A. Extracellular vesicles compartment in liquid biopsies: Clinical application. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 60:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Frank-Bertoncelj M, Pisetsky DS, Kolling C, Michel BA, Gay RE, Jüngel A, Gay S. TLR3 Ligand Poly(I:C) Exerts Distinct Actions in Synovial Fibroblasts When Delivered by Extracellular Vesicles. Front Immunol 2018; 9:28. [PMID: 29434584 PMCID: PMC5797482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) can modulate the responses of cells to toll-like receptor (TLR) ligation; conversely, TLR ligands such as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) can enhance the release of EV and influence of the composition and functions of EV cargos. Inflamed synovial joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are rich in EV and extracellular RNA; besides, RNA released from necrotic synovial fluid cells can activate the TLR3 signaling in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) from patients with RA. Since EV occur prominently in synovial joints in RA and may contribute to the pathogenesis, we questioned whether EV can interact with dsRNA, a TLR3 ligand, and modify its actions in arthritis. We have used as model the effects on RA SFs, of EV released from monocyte U937 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells upon stimulation with Poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of dsRNA. We show that EV released from unstimulated cells and Poly(I:C)-stimulated U937 cells [Poly(I:C) EV] differ in size but bind similar amounts of Annexin V and express comparable levels of MAC-1, the receptor for dsRNA, on the vesicular membranes. Specifically, Poly(I:C) EV contain or associate with Poly(I:C) and at least partially protect Poly(I:C) from RNAse III degradation. Poly(I:C) EV shuttle Poly(I:C) to SFs and reproduce the proinflammatory and antiviral gene responses of SFs to direct stimulation with Poly(I:C). Poly(I:C) EV, however, halt the death receptor-induced apoptosis in SFs, thereby inverting the proapoptotic nature of Poly(I:C). These prosurvival effects sharply contrast with the high toxicity of cationic liposome-delivered Poly(I:C) and may reflect the route of Poly(I:C) delivery via EV or the fine-tuning of Poly(I:C) actions by molecular cargo in EV. The demonstration that EV may safeguard extracellular dsRNA and allow dsRNA to exert antiapoptotic effects on SFs highlights the potential of EV to amplify the pathogenicity of dsRNA in arthritis beyond inflammation (by concurrently enhancing the expansion of the invasive synovial stroma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Frank-Bertoncelj
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - David S Pisetsky
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Medical Research Service, Durham VA Medical Center (VHA), Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Beat A Michel
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Renate E Gay
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Astrid Jüngel
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Gay
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
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40
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van der Vorst EPC, de Jong RJ, Donners MMPC. Message in a Microbottle: Modulation of Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis by Extracellular Vesicles. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:2. [PMID: 29404342 PMCID: PMC5786527 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel intercellular communication system. By carrying bioactive lipids, miRNAs and proteins they can modulate target cell functions and phenotype. Circulating levels of EVs are increased in inflammatory conditions, e.g., cardiovascular disease patients, and their functional contribution to atherosclerotic disease development is currently heavily studied. This review will describe how EVs can modulate vascular cell functions relevant to vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, particularly highlighting the role of EV-associated proteolytic activity and effector proteins involved. Furthermore, we will discuss key questions and challenges, especially for EV-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel P C van der Vorst
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Renske J de Jong
- Center of Allergy Environment (ZAUM), Helmholtz Center, TU Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marjo M P C Donners
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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41
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Recabarren-Leiva D, Alarcón M. Standardization of a fast and effective method for the generation and detection of platelet-derived microparticles by a flow cytometer. Immunol Lett 2018; 194:79-84. [PMID: 29329679 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Flow Cytometry is the principal method used to measure platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs), by fluorescent properties analysis. PDMPs (0.1-1.0 μm) are abundant in circulation, accounting for approximately 90% of the microparticles and are associated with Cardiovascular Disease, the leading cause of death in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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42
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Hughes JR, Berger T. Regulation of apical blebbing in the porcine epididymis. J Anat 2017; 232:515-522. [PMID: 29205333 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Apical blebbing, a non-classical secretion mechanism, occurs in the mature porcine epididymis as part of its normal function. Proteins secreted by this mechanism contribute to the modification of the sperm plasma membrane during epididymal transit and are thought to contribute to acquisition of fertilizing ability. However, little is known about the regulation of this secretion mechanism in an in vivo model. Previous work demonstrated apical blebbing in the epididymis developed pubertally, suggesting androgens, sperm or other luminal factors regulated this process. Hence, the objective was to evaluate the hypothesized regulation of apical blebbing in the epididymis of pubertal boars by androgens and luminal factors. Androgen receptor blockade (flutamide) and surgical interventions (efferent duct ligation, orchidectomy or transection of the caput epididymis) were used to alter signaling, and the subsequent effects on apical blebbing were evaluated histologically. Apical blebbing was not altered by androgen receptor blockade with flutamide, but was significantly reduced 24 h after efferent duct ligation and after orchidectomy, treatments that eliminated luminal flow from the testis (P < 0.05). Like efferent duct ligation, epididymal transection altered luminal flow without removing the androgen source and significantly reduced the appearance of apical blebbing (P < 0.05). In conclusion, apical blebbing in the porcine epididymis appears to be regulated by luminal factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Hughes
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Trish Berger
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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43
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Fu H, Hu D, Zhang L, Tang P. Role of extracellular vesicles in rheumatoid arthritis. Mol Immunol 2017; 93:125-132. [PMID: 29175592 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), playing important roles in antigen presentation, inflammation, angiogenesis, cell-cell signal communication, thrombosis, and articular cartilage extracellular matrix degradation. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism of RA is important for developing therapies. The pathogenic indicators of RA, such as submicron-sized EVs, represent promising biomarkers for evaluating RA activity. This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of RA, and sheds light on the pathogenic as well as anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive roles of EVs. We suggest that EVs could be harnessed as tools for drug delivery or targets for RA therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China; School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China
| | - Die Hu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China.
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44
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Shimoda M, Khokha R. Metalloproteinases in extracellular vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1989-2000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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45
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Rilla K, Mustonen AM, Arasu UT, Härkönen K, Matilainen J, Nieminen P. Extracellular vesicles are integral and functional components of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:201-219. [PMID: 29066152 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are small plasma membrane-derived particles released into the extracellular space by virtually all cell types. Recently, EV have received increased interest because of their capability to carry nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and signaling molecules and to transfer their cargo into the target cells. Less attention has been paid to their role in modifying the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), either directly or indirectly via regulating the ability of target cells to synthesize or degrade matrix molecules. Based on recent results, EV can be considered one of the structural and functional components of the ECM that participate in matrix organization, regulation of cells within it, and in determining the physical properties of soft connective tissues, bone, cartilage and dentin. This review addresses the relevance of EV as specific modulators of the ECM, such as during the assembly and disassembly of the molecular network, signaling through the ECM and formation of niches suitable for tissue regeneration, inflammation and tumor progression. Finally, we assess the potential of these aspects of EV biology to translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Rilla
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Anne-Mari Mustonen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Uma Thanigai Arasu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Härkönen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Matilainen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petteri Nieminen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI 70211, Kuopio, Finland
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46
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Murphy C, Withrow J, Hunter M, Liu Y, Tang YL, Fulzele S, Hamrick MW. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in musculoskeletal diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 60:123-128. [PMID: 28965750 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Research into the biology of extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, has expanded significantly with advances in EV isolation techniques, a better understanding of the surface markers that characterize exosomes and microvesicles, and greater information derived from -omics approaches on the proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) transported by EVs. We have recently discovered a role for exosome-derived miRNAs in age-related bone loss and osteoarthritis, two conditions that impose a significant public health burden on the aging global population. Previous work has also revealed multiple roles for EVs and their miRNAs in muscle regeneration and congenital myopathies. Thus, EVs appear to be involved in a number of degenerative conditions that impact the musculoskeletal system, indicating that the musculoskeletal system is an excellent model for investigating the role of EVs in tissue maintenance and repair. This review highlights the role of EVs in bone, skeletal muscle, and joint health, including both normal tissue metabolism as well as tissue injury repair and regeneration. A consistent theme that emerges from study of musculoskeletal EVs is that various miRNAs appear to mediate a number of key pathological processes. These findings point to a potential therapeutic opportunity to target EV-derived miRNAs as a strategy for improving musculoskeletal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Murphy
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Joseph Withrow
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Monte Hunter
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yao Liang Tang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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47
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Jardim LL, Chaves DG, Silveira-Cassette ACO, Simões e Silva AC, Santana MP, Cerqueira MH, Prezotti A, Lorenzato C, Franco V, van der Bom JG, Rezende SM. Immune status of patients with haemophilia A before exposure to factor VIII: first results from the HEMFIL study. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:971-978. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia L. Jardim
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Monica H. Cerqueira
- Instituto de Hematologia Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti (HEMORIO); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Alessandra Prezotti
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Espírito Santo (HEMOES); Vitória Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Claudia Lorenzato
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Paraná (HEMEPAR); Curitiba Paraná Brazil
| | - Vivian Franco
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Santa Catarina (HEMOSC); Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Johanna G. van der Bom
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Research; Sanquin & Department of Clinical Epidemiology; Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC); Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Suely M. Rezende
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Huleihel L, Dziki JL, Bartolacci JG, Rausch T, Scarritt ME, Cramer MC, Vorobyov T, LoPresti ST, Swineheart IT, White LJ, Brown BN, Badylak SF. Macrophage phenotype in response to ECM bioscaffolds. Semin Immunol 2017; 29:2-13. [PMID: 28736160 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage presence and phenotype are critical determinants of the healing response following injury. Downregulation of the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype has been associated with the therapeutic use of bioscaffolds composed of extracellular matrix (ECM), but phenotypic characterization of macrophages has typically been limited to small number of non-specific cell surface markers or expressed proteins. The present study determined the response of both primary murine bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) and a transformed human mononuclear cell line (THP-1 cells) to degradation products of two different, commonly used ECM bioscaffolds; urinary bladder matrix (UBM-ECM) and small intestinal submucosa (SIS-ECM). Quantified cell responses included gene expression, protein expression, commonly used cell surface markers, and functional assays. Results showed that the phenotype elicited by ECM exposure (MECM) is distinct from both the classically activated IFNγ+LPS phenotype and the alternatively activated IL-4 phenotype. Furthermore, the BMDM and THP-1 macrophages responded differently to identical stimuli, and UBM-ECM and SIS-ECM bioscaffolds induced similar, yet distinct phenotypic profiles. The results of this study not only characterized an MECM phenotype that has anti-inflammatory traits but also showed the risks and challenges of making conclusions about the role of macrophage mediated events without consideration of the source of macrophages and the limitations of individual cell markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luai Huleihel
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jenna L Dziki
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph G Bartolacci
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Theresa Rausch
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michelle E Scarritt
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madeline C Cramer
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tatiana Vorobyov
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ort Braude College of Engineering, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Samuel T LoPresti
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ilea T Swineheart
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa J White
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bryan N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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M2 Monocyte Microparticles Are Increased in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017; 26:2369-2375. [PMID: 28606659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe neurologic condition with no proven treatment. Recent evidence suggests that monocytes, a heterogenous group of cells with M1 and M2 phenotypes, contribute to secondary damage following ICH. Microparticles are vesicles .1-1 µm in size that are released from cells. We hypothesized that M1 and M2 monocyte microparticles (mMP) would be differentially expressed in ICH cases and controls. METHODS In a single-center, prospective, observational study, consecutive ICH cases were enrolled within 12 hours of symptom onset. Age (±5 years)-, race-, and sex-matched controls were recruited. M1 and M2 mMP numbers were determined in plasma samples using flow cytometry and protein biomarkers using standardized assays. The Mann-Whitney U test compared M1 and M2 mMP counts between cases and controls. Standardized regression coefficients compared M1 and M2 mMP with C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA). RESULTS Nineteen ICH case-control pairs were enrolled. The median number of M1 mMP was not significantly different between ICH cases (8.63 × 107/milliliter (mL)) compared with controls (8.64 × 107/mL), (P = .525). The median number of M2 mMP was significantly higher in ICH cases (1.61 × 106/mL) compared with controls (4.46 × 105/mL) (P = .027). There were no significant associations for M1 or M2 mMP with CRP or SAA. CONCLUSION Higher numbers of M2 mMP in ICH cases compared with controls is hypothesis generating. It may represent differences in the chronic inflammatory status in patients susceptible to ICH, such as cellular activation or apoptosis. Further research is needed, including serial plasma samples, to elucidate the pathophysiology of monocytes and mMP following ICH.
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Foers AD, Cheng L, Hill AF, Wicks IP, Pang KC. Review: Extracellular Vesicles in Joint Inflammation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:1350-1362. [PMID: 28217910 DOI: 10.1002/art.40076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Foers
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Latrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ian P Wicks
- The Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken C Pang
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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