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Yu Y, Yao Y, Song Y, Shan H, Han X. Establishment and application of multiplex PCR for rapid detection of three mink diarrhea-associated viruses. J Virol Methods 2024; 328:114958. [PMID: 38801834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In this report, a multiplex PCR method was developed for the detection of three diarrhea-associated viruses in mink, including circovirus (MCV), bocavirus (MBoV), and enteritis virus (MEV). Three compatible sets of primers specific for each virus were designed respectively based on their conserved sequences. After optimization of the crucial factors such as primer concentration and annealing temperature in single and multiple amplification, three specific fragments were simultaneously amplified with the highest sensitivity and specificity in one PCR reaction. The fragments amplified were 259 bp (MCV),455 bp (MBoV) and 671 bp (MEV). The sensibility of this one-step multiplex PCR is about 10 times lower than that of regular singleplex PCR. There were no cross-reactions with some relevant pathogens like mink coronavirus, canine distemper virus, and aleutian mink disease virus. In our study we analyzed viral DNA in mink fecal samples by multiplex PCR assay from China, which revealed the occurrence of MCV, MBoV, and MEV as 3.1 %, 5.7 %, and 9.8 %, respectively. The testing results of multiplex PCR agreed with the singleplex PCR results with a coincidence rate of 100 %. These results indicated that the method could provide technical support for rapid detection of the three diarrhea-associated viruses, and epidemiological investigation of mink viral diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongle Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
| | - Yanzhu Yao
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Yihang Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Xianjie Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
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2
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Fei-Zhou Z, Mei-Xia H, Xiaofen T, Lei W, Xuan J, Lan-Fang T. Plastic bronchitis associated with human bocavirus 1 infection in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024. [PMID: 38869182 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.27113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a clinical-pathological syndrome characterized by the abnormal accumulation of endogenous substances in the bronchial airways, causing partial or complete obstruction and resulting in impaired lung ventilation. METHODS In this retrospective analysis, we aim to summarize the clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment approaches to enhance clinicians' ability to detect children who are infected with human bocavirus 1 (hBoV 1) and develop PB. RESULTS In the period from January 2021 to January 2024, a total of six hBoV 1 infection children were diagnosed with PB through bronchoscopy. The onset of the condition was mainly concentrated between June and December. The detection methods used included metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pathogen identification (three cases) and respiratory pathogen nucleic acid 13-plex detection (oropharyngeal swab) (three cases), both of which confirmed the presence of hBoV 1. Out of the six children with PB, two were girls and four were boys. Their ages ranged from 10 months to 4 years old. Common symptoms reported by all patients included fever, cough, and wheezing. Chest high-resolution computed tomography scans revealed atelectasis in six cases, in addition to pneumonia. After the removal of the plastic bronchi via bronchoscopy, the airway obstruction symptoms in the children were relieved, and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up period. Pathological findings indicated cellulose exudation and inflammatory cell infiltration, consistent with nonlymphatic PB. CONCLUSION When children infected with hBoV 1 exhibit persistent or worsening symptoms such as cough, fever, and wheezing despite treatment, clinicians should remain highly vigilant for the potential occurrence of PB. Bronchoscopy plays a crucial role not only in diagnosing the presence of a plastic bronchus but also in effectively treating PB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Fei-Zhou
- Department of Pulmonology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huang Mei-Xia
- Department of Pulmonology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Xiaofen
- Department of Pulmonology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu Lei
- Department of Pulmonology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xuan
- Department of Radiology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tang Lan-Fang
- Department of Pulmonology, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Karaaslan C, Wirz O, Tan G, Globinska A, Boonpiyathad T, Hedman K, Vaselek S, Venermo MS, Jartti T, Akdis M, Akdis CA. B cell immune response to human bocaviruses. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:388-401. [PMID: 38321724 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) have been demonstrated in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections; however, the immune response to them has not been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated the B cell immune responses to HBoV1 and HBoV2, representing two different species of bocaviruses in humans. METHODS We analyzed the effects of stimulations with HBoV1 and 2 virus-like particles (VLPs) and of co-stimulation with HBoV1-rhinovirus (RV) on cells of the immune system by flow cytometry, transcriptomics, and luminometric immune assays. RESULTS Human B cells, and particularly B regulatory cells (Breg cells), showed an increased immune response to HBoV1-VLPs stimulation. These immune responses were also supported by increased IL-1RA and PDL1 expressions in IL-10+ B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. In addition, increased levels of IL-10 and IL-1RA were determined in the supernatants of PBMCs following HBoV1-VLPs stimulation. HBoV1-VLPs and RV co-stimulation increased the IL-10+ B cell population. Transcriptome analysis by next-generation RNA sequencing showed an increased expression of IL-10 signalling and Breg cell markers in PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. Furthermore, TGF-β and chemoattractants MIP-1α, MIP-1β and IP10 protein levels were high in the supernatants of PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that in Breg cells, IL-10 signalling pathways, and anti-inflammatory activity are induced by HBoV1, which can explain the often mild nature of the disease. In addition, the immune regulatory response induced by HBoV1-VLPs may indicate a potential immunomodulatory role of HBoV1 on the immune system and may represent an immune regulatory strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay Karaaslan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Molecular Biology Section, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oliver Wirz
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ge Tan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Anna Globinska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tadech Boonpiyathad
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Hedman
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital Diagnostics Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Slavica Vaselek
- Molecular Biology Section, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Tuomas Jartti
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Mogotsi MT, Ogunbayo AE, Bester PA, O'Neill HG, Nyaga MM. Longitudinal analysis of the enteric virome in paediatric subjects from the Free State Province, South Africa, reveals early gut colonisation and temporal dynamics. Virus Res 2024; 346:199403. [PMID: 38776984 PMCID: PMC11169482 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut of healthy neonates is devoid of viruses at birth, but rapidly becomes colonised by normal viral commensals that aid in important physiological functions like metabolism but can, in some instances, result in gastrointestinal illnesses. However, little is known about how this colonisation begins, its variability and factors shaping the gut virome composition. Thus, understanding the development, assembly, and progression of enteric viral communities over time is key. To explore early-life virome development, metagenomic sequencing was employed in faecal samples collected longitudinally from a cohort of 17 infants during their first six months of life. The gut virome analysis revealed a diverse and dynamic viral community, formed by a richness of different viruses infecting humans, non-human mammals, bacteria, and plants. Eukaryotic viruses were detected as early as one week of life, increasing in abundance and diversity over time. Most of the viruses detected are commonly associated with gastroenteritis and include members of the Caliciviridae, Picornaviridae, Astroviridae, Adenoviridae, and Sedoreoviridae families. The most common co-occurrences involved asymptomatic norovirus-parechovirus, norovirus-sapovirus, sapovirus-parechovirus, observed in at least 40 % of the samples. Majority of the plant-derived viruses detected in the infants' gut were from the Virgaviridae family. This study demonstrates the first longitudinal characterisation of the gastrointestinal virome in infants, from birth up to 6 months of age, in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, the findings from this study delineate the composition and variability of the healthy infants' gut virome over time, which is a significant step towards understanding the dynamics and biogeography of viral communities in the infant gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Tshidiso Mogotsi
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Ayodeji Emmanuel Ogunbayo
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Phillip Armand Bester
- Division of Virology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Hester Gertruida O'Neill
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Martin Munene Nyaga
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
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Weary TE, Pappas T, Tusiime P, Tuhaise S, Ross E, Gern JE, Goldberg TL. High frequencies of nonviral colds and respiratory bacteria colonization among children in rural Western Uganda. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1379131. [PMID: 38756971 PMCID: PMC11096560 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1379131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Respiratory illness is the most common childhood disease globally, especially in developing countries. Previous studies have detected viruses in approximately 70-80% of respiratory illnesses. Methods In a prospective cohort study of 234 young children (ages 3-11 years) and 30 adults (ages 22-51 years) in rural Western Uganda sampled monthly from May 2019 to August 2021, only 24.2% of nasopharyngeal swabs collected during symptomatic disease had viruses detectable by multiplex PCR diagnostics and metagenomic sequencing. In the remaining 75.8% of swabs from symptomatic participants, we measured detection rates of respiratory bacteria Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae by quantitative PCR. Results 100% of children tested positive for at least one bacterial species. Detection rates were 87.2%, 96.8%, and 77.6% in children and 10.0%, 36.7%, and 13.3% for adults for H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and S. pneumoniae, respectively. In children, 20.8% and 70.4% were coinfected with two and three pathogens, respectively, and in adults 6.7% were coinfected with three pathogens but none were coinfected with two. Detection of any of the three pathogens was not associated with season or respiratory symptoms severity, although parsing detection status by symptoms was challenged by children experiencing symptoms in 80.3% of monthly samplings, whereas adults only reported symptoms 26.6% of the time. Pathobiont colonization in children in Western Uganda was significantly more frequent than in children living in high-income countries, including in a study of age-matched US children that utilized identical diagnostic methods. Detection rates were, however, comparable to rates in children living in other Sub-Saharan African countries. Discussion Overall, our results demonstrate that nonviral colds contribute significantly to respiratory disease burden among children in rural Uganda and that high rates of respiratory pathobiont colonization may play a role. These conclusions have implications for respiratory health interventions in the area, such as increasing childhood immunization rates and decreasing air pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor E. Weary
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tressa Pappas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | | | | | - James E. Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tony L. Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI, United States
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Lagercrantz H. Young investigator award 2023. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:634-635. [PMID: 38462730 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
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Qian W, Wang X, Wang T, Huang J, Zhang Q, Li Y, Chen S. Development of RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay for rapid and reliable detection of human bocavirus 1. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:179-188. [PMID: 36794352 PMCID: PMC11079142 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 is considered an important pathogen that mainly affects infants aged 6-24 months, but preventing viral transmission in resource-limited regions through rapid and affordable on-site diagnosis of individuals with early infection of HBoV1 remains somewhat challenging. Herein, we present a novel faster, lower cost, reliable method for the detection of HBoV1, which integrates a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay with the CRISPR/Cas12a system, designated the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay. The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence system can specifically detect target gene levels as low as 0.5 copies of HBoV1 plasmid DNA per microliter within 40 min at 37°C without the need for sophisticated instruments. The method also demonstrates excellent specificity without cross-reactivity to non-target pathogens. Furthermore, the method was appraised using 28 clinical samples, and displayed high accuracy with positive and negative predictive agreement of 90.9% and 100%, respectively. Therefore, our proposed rapid and sensitive HBoV1 detection method, the RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay, shows promising potential for early on-site diagnosis of HBoV1 infection in the fields of public health and health care. The established RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay is rapid and reliable method for human bocavirus 1 detection. The RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay can be completed within 40 min with robust specificity and sensitivity of 0.5 copies/μl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'anP. R. China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'anP. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'anP. R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'anP. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of DermatologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenP. R. China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionNingboP. R. China
| | - Si Chen
- Medical College of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenP. R. China
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Peng L, Yang F, Shi J, Pan L, Liu Y, Mao D, Luo Y. Molecular characterization of human bocavirus in municipal wastewaters using amplicon target sequencing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170674. [PMID: 38316309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging health concern worldwide, associated with range of clinical manifestations, including gastroenteritis and respiratory infections. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend and minimize their prevalence in different systems. In this study, we conducted regular sampling throughout the year in two different sizes and work processes of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Tianjin, China. Our objective was to investigate the occurrence, prevalence, and endurance of HBoV in wastewater, while also evaluating the efficacy of amplicon target sequencing in directly detecting HBoV in wastewater. At two WWTPs, HBoV2 (45.51 %-45.67 %) and HBoV3 (38.30 %-40.25 %) were the most common genotypes identified, and the mean concentration range of HBoV was 2.54-7.40 log10 equivalent copies/l as determined by multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay. A positive rate of HBoV was found in 96.6 % (29/30) samples of A-WWTP, and 96.6 % (26/27) samples of B-WWTP. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the nucleotide similarity between the HBoV DNA sequences to the reference HBoV sequences published globally ranged from 90.14 %-100 %. A significant variation in the read abundance of HBoV2 and HBoV3 in two wastewater treatment plants (p < 0.05) was detected, specifically in the Winter and Summer seasons. The findings revealed a strong correlation between the genotypes detected in wastewater and the clinical data across various regions in China. In addition, it is worth mentioning that HBoV4 was exclusively detected in wastewater and not found in the clinical samples from patients. This study highlights the high prevalence of human bocavirus in municipal wastewater. This finding illustrates that amplicon target sequencing can amplify a wide variety of viruses, enabling the identification of newly discovered viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fengxia Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Jingliang Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liuzhu Pan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Qian L, Zhuang Z, Lu J, Wang H, Wang X, Yang S, Ji L, Shen Q, Zhang W, Shan T. Metagenomic survey of viral diversity obtained from feces of piglets with diarrhea. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25616. [PMID: 38375275 PMCID: PMC10875384 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs are natural host to various zoonotic pathogens including viruses. In this study, we analyzed the viral communities in the feces of 89 piglets with diarrhea under one month old which were collected from six farms in Jiangsu Province of the Eastern China, using the unbiased virus metagenomic method. A total of 89 libraries were constructed, and 46937894 unique sequence reads were generated by Illumina sequencing. Overall, the family Picornaviridae accounted for the majority of the total reads of putative mammalian viruses. Ten novel virus genomes from different family members were discovered, including Parvoviridae (n = 2), Picobirnaviridae (n = 4) and CRESS DNA viruses (n = 4). A large number of phages were identified, which mainly belonged to the order Caudovirales and the family Microviridae. Moreover, some identified viruses were closely related to viruses found in non-porcine hosts, highlighting the potential for cross-species virus dissemination. This study increased our understanding of the fecal virus communities of diarrhea piglets and provided valuable information for virus monitoring and preventing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Qian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zi Zhuang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Juan Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Likai Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Quan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Tongling Shan
- Department of Swine Infectious Disease, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Sarchese V, Palombieri A, Prandi I, Robetto S, Bertolotti L, Capucchio MT, Orusa R, Mauthe von Degerfeld M, Quaranta G, Vacchetta M, Martella V, Di Martino B, Di Profio F. Molecular Surveillance for Bocaparvoviruses and Bufaviruses in the European Hedgehog ( Erinaceus europaeus). Microorganisms 2024; 12:189. [PMID: 38258015 PMCID: PMC10819369 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of bocaparvoviruses (BoVs) and bufaviruses (BuVs) in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) was investigated by screening duodenal and liver samples collected from 183 carcasses, delivered to wildlife rescue centers located in northwestern Italy. BoV DNA was detected in 15 animals (8.2%), with prevalences of 7.1% (13/183) and 2.7% (5/183) in intestine and liver samples, respectively. Upon the sequence analyses of the NS1 gene, two highly divergent BoVs (65.5-67.8% nt identities) were identified. Fourteen strains showed the highest identity (98.3-99.4% nt) to the hedgehog BoV strains recently detected in China in Amur hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis), whilst four strains were genetically related (98.9-99.4% nt identities) to the porcine BoVs identified in pigs and classified in the species Bocaparvovirus ungulate 4, which included related viruses also found in rats, minks, shrews, and mice. BuV DNA was detected in the duodenal samples of two hedgehogs, with a prevalence rate of 1.1%. The nearly full-length genome of two BuV strains, Hedgehog/331DU-2022/ITA and Hedgehog/1278DU/2019/ITA, was reconstructed. Upon phylogenetic analysis based on the NS and VP aa sequences, the Italian hedgehog BuVs tightly clustered with the BuVs recently identified in the Chinese Amur hedgehogs, within a potential novel candidate species of the genus Protoparvovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, TE, Italy; (V.S.); (A.P.); (B.D.M.)
| | - Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, TE, Italy; (V.S.); (A.P.); (B.D.M.)
| | - Ilaria Prandi
- Centro Animali Non Convenzionali (C.A.N.C.), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; (I.P.); (M.T.C.); (M.M.v.D.); (G.Q.)
| | - Serena Robetto
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d’Aosta, 11020 Quart, AO, Italy; (S.R.); (R.O.)
| | - Luigi Bertolotti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Centro Animali Non Convenzionali (C.A.N.C.), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; (I.P.); (M.T.C.); (M.M.v.D.); (G.Q.)
| | - Riccardo Orusa
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d’Aosta, 11020 Quart, AO, Italy; (S.R.); (R.O.)
| | - Mitzy Mauthe von Degerfeld
- Centro Animali Non Convenzionali (C.A.N.C.), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; (I.P.); (M.T.C.); (M.M.v.D.); (G.Q.)
| | - Giuseppe Quaranta
- Centro Animali Non Convenzionali (C.A.N.C.), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; (I.P.); (M.T.C.); (M.M.v.D.); (G.Q.)
| | | | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy;
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, TE, Italy; (V.S.); (A.P.); (B.D.M.)
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, TE, Italy; (V.S.); (A.P.); (B.D.M.)
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Viana E, França Y, de Azevedo LS, Medeiros RS, Guiducci R, Guadagnucci S, Luchs A. Genotypic diversity and long-term impact of human bocavirus on diarrheal disease: Insights from historical fecal samples in Brazil. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29429. [PMID: 38258346 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the frequency and genotypic diversity of human bocavirus (HBoV) in historical fecal samples collected before 2005 in Brazil and understand its natural history in patients with diarrhea. Between 1998 and 2005, 3347 samples were tested for HBoV by RT-PCR, with a detection rate of 5.8% (195/3347). Coinfection with norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) was found in 34.9% (68/195), indicating HBoV's potential role as a causative agent of diarrheal disease. The detection rate varied over the years (p < 0.05), suggesting natural oscillatory fluctuations. HBoV was more prevalent in fall and winter, with higher positivity in children ≤5 years (p < 0.05), reinforcing that HBoV is an important pathogen in childhood diarrhea. Genotyping (32.8%; 64/195) revealed the circulation of HBoV-1 (79.7%, 51/64), HBoV-3 (12.5%, 8/64), HBoV-2 (6.2%, 4/64), and the rare HBoV-4 (1.6%, 1/64). Difference in HBoV-1 and HBoV-2/-3 mono-infections prevalence (p < 0.05), suggests a potential role of HBoV-1 in the pathogenicity of diarrheal disease. The study highlights HBoV's lasting impact on viral gastroenteritis in Brazil and emphasizes its genotypic diversity. Recommending screening for HBoV in public health laboratories is crucial for understanding its role in gastrointestinal diseases. The data also contribute to understanding the molecular characterization of enteric viruses in historical fecal samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Viana
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yasmin França
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lais S de Azevedo
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta S Medeiros
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Guiducci
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Guadagnucci
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Luchs
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Gamiño-Arroyo AE, Arellano-Galindo J, Del Carmen Guerra-de-Blas P, Ortega-Villa AM, Mateja A, Llamosas-Gallardo B, Ortíz-Hernández AA, Valdéz-Vázquez R, Ramírez-Venegas A, Galindo-Fraga A, Guerrero ML, Ramos-Cervantes P, Mendoza-Garcés L, González-Matus M, Marroquín-Rojas C, Xicohtencatl-Cortes J, Ochoa SA, Cruz-Córdova A, Powers JH, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Beigel J, Moreno-Espinosa S. Clinical and molecular characterization of children and adults with respiratory bocavirus infection in Mexico: a cross-sectional nested study within the ILI002 prospective observational study. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2024; 29:100647. [PMID: 38187006 PMCID: PMC10770596 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Human Bocaviruses (HBoV) can cause acute respiratory tract infections. High coinfection rates cloud its pathogenicity. This study sought to describe the clinical features of HBoV1 disease in children and adults with Influenza-like illness (ILI), exploring associations between viral load, clinical features, and seasonality. Methods Patients who tested positive for HBoV1 by polymerase chain reaction, enrolled from April 2010 to March 2014 in the ILI002 prospective observational cohort study were included in this cross-sectional nested study. Participants were included in ILI002 if they presented with signs and/or symptoms suggestive of influenza-like illness. Samples were tested for viral load, and NP1 and VP1/VP2 phylogenetic analyses, except for the samples lacking suitable and viable clinical material for genotyping. Findings We identified HBoV1 in 157 (2.8%) of participants. Prevalence was 4.5% in children and 1.8% in adults. Single HBoV1 detection occurred in 41.1% and 46.3% of children and adults, respectively. Children commonly experienced fever (83.3%), cough with sputum (74.4%), and shortness of breath (72.2%). In the multivariate analysis of children, significant positive associations were detected between viral loads and age (0.20 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.33]), and the presence of fever (2.64 [95% CI: 1.35, 3.94]), nasal congestion (1.03 [95% CI: 0.07, 1.99]), dry cough (1.32 [95% CI: 0.42, 2.22]), chest congestion (1.57 [95% CI: 0.33, 2.80]), red eyes (1.25 [95% CI: 0.35, 2.14]), cough with sputum (1.79 [95% CI: 0.80, 2.78]), and other signs and symptoms such as chills, dizziness, and diaphoresis (1.73 [95% CI: 0.19, 3.27]). In contrast, significant negative associations were found between viral loads and percent neutrophils on the blood count (-0.04 [95% CI: -0.06, -0.02]), fatigue (-1.60 [95% CI: -2.46, -0.74]) and the presence of other symptoms or signs, including adenopathy and rash (-1.26 [95% CI: -2.31, -0.21]). Adults commonly experienced sore throat (73.1%), fatigue (77.4%), and headache (73.1%). In the multivariate analysis of adults, significant positive associations were detected between viral load and body mass index (0.13 [95% CI: 0.04, 0.21]), and the presence of confusion (1.54 [95% CI: 0.55, 2.53]), and sore throat (1.03 [95% CI: 0.20, 1.85]), and significant negative associations were detected between viral load and chest congestion (-1.16 [95% CI: -2.07, -0.24]). HBoV1 was detected throughout the year irrespective of season, temperature, and humidity. Interpretation This study demonstrated the importance of detecting HBoV1 in patients with influenza-like illness either as single infection or co-infection, in both adults and children, and improves the characterization of HBoV1 seasonality, clinical features, and viral load. Phylogenetic analyses show a high conservation. Funding The Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed), CONACYT (Fondo Sectorial SSA/IMSS/ISSSTE, Projects No. 71260 and No. 127088), Fondos federales no. HIM/2015/006, NIAID, NIH through a contract with Westat, Inc. (HHSN2722009000031, HHSN27200002), NCI, NIH (75N91019D00024, 75N91019F00130). Additional information at the end of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Arellano-Galindo
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Allyson Mateja
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick County, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Arturo Galindo-Fraga
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ma Lourdes Guerrero
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pilar Ramos-Cervantes
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Mendoza-Garcés
- The Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica González-Matus
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Marroquín-Rojas
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Sara A. Ochoa
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ariadna Cruz-Córdova
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - John H. Powers
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick County, MD, USA
| | | | - John Beigel
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed)
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- The Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed), Mexico City, Mexico
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick County, MD, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick County, MD, USA
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Mohanty M, Mishra B, Satapathy AK, Gulla KM, Das RR, Dwibedi B, Gupta K, Mamidi P, Panda S. Human Bocavirus infection in childhood acute respiratory infection: Is it an innocent bystander? Indian J Med Microbiol 2023; 46:100436. [PMID: 37945128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the major attributing factors of under-five mortality and morbidity all over the world. Viruses are the most common cause of ARI. Due to the availability of molecular techniques, new viruses are getting isolated from children with ARI. With the above background, the present study was conducted to enlighten on the pathogenic role of human bocavirus (HBoV) in children with ARI. METHODOLOGY This retrospective study was conducted over a period of >3 years duration. The clinical and laboratory data of the patients with signs and symptoms of ARI were retrieved and analyzed. Clinical profiles and outcome of the patients detected of having HBoV mono or co-infections were further analyzed in details. RESULTS A total of 237 respiratory samples were subjected to respiratory panel by fast track diagnosis (FTD) multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR), of which 10 samples (mono-infection = 4) were detected with the presence of HBoV. The clinical details of 8 cases were studied in details (details of rest 2 cases were missing). All the children were less than 3 years of age, with different co-morbid conditions such as low birth weight (n = 4), cholestatic jaundice (n = 1), operated case of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (n = 1), pancytopenia (n = 1), and primary immune deficiency (n = 1). Their clinical course did not improve following antibiotic administration, 2 succumbed to death while the rest 6 cases were discharged. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the fact that HBoV may not be an innocent bystander in the childhood ARI. Larger studies employing appropriate diagnostic modalities are needed to emboss it as a true pathogen and not merely a bystander.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Baijayantimala Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Satapathy
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Krishna Mohan Gulla
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Rashmi Ranjan Das
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Bhagirathi Dwibedi
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Kavita Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Prabhudutta Mamidi
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
| | - Sailendra Panda
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, Odisha, India.
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Colazo Salbetti MB, Boggio GA, Moreno L, Adamo MP. Human bocavirus respiratory infection: Tracing the path from viral replication and virus-cell interactions to diagnostic methods. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2482. [PMID: 37749807 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Human bocaviruses were first described between 2005 and 2010, identified in respiratory and enteric tract samples of children. Screening studies have shown worldwide distribution. Based on phylogenetic analysis, they were classified into four genotypes (HBoV1-4). From a clinical perspective, human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is considered the most relevant, since it can cause upper and lower acute respiratory tract infection, mainly in infants, including common cold, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia, as well as wheezing in susceptible patients. However, the specific processes leading to structural, biochemical, and functional changes resulting in the different clinical presentations have not been elucidated yet. This review surveys the interactions between the virus and target cells that can potentially explain disease-causing mechanisms. It also summarises the clinical phenotype of cases, stressing the role of HBoV1 as an aetiological agent of lower acute respiratory infection in infants, together with laboratory tests for detection and diagnosis. By exploring the current knowledge on the epidemiology of HBoV1, insights into the complex scenario of paediatric respiratory infections are presented, as well as the potential effects that changes in the circulation can have on the dynamics of respiratory agents, spotlighting the benefits of comprehensively increase insights into incidence, interrelationships with co-circulating agents and potential control of HBoV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Colazo Salbetti
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Amilcar Boggio
- Cátedra de Clínica Pediátrica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Moreno
- Cátedra de Clínica Pediátrica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - María Pilar Adamo
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina
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15
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Bermúdez-Barrezueta L, López-Casillas P, Rojo-Rello S, Sáez-García L, Marugán-Miguelsanz JM, Pino-Vázquez MDLA. Outcomes of viral coinfections in infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis. Virol J 2023; 20:235. [PMID: 37845714 PMCID: PMC10577995 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The clinical relevance of the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in acute bronchiolitis (AB) has not been established. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of viral coinfections on the progression and severity of AB. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Spain from September 2012 to March 2020. Infants admitted for AB with at least one respiratory virus identified by molecular diagnostic techniques were included. A comparison was made between single-virus infections and viral coinfections. The evolution and severity of AB were determined based on the days of hospitalization and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). RESULTS Four hundred forty-five patients were included (58.4% male). The median weight was 5.2 kg (IQR 4.2-6.5), and the median age was 2.5 months (IQR 1.4-4.6). A total of 105 patients (23.6%) were admitted to the PICU. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most frequent etiological agent (77.1%). A single virus was detected in 270 patients (60.7%), and viral coinfections were detected in 175 (39.3%), of which 126 (28.3%) had two viruses and 49 (11%) had three or more viruses. Hospital length of stay (LOS) increased in proportion to the number of viruses detected, with a median of 6 days (IQR 4-8) for single infections, 7 days (IQR 4-9) for coinfections with two viruses and 8 days (IQR 5-11) for coinfections with ≥ 3 viruses (p = 0.003). The adjusted Cox regression model showed that the detection of ≥ 3 viruses was an independent risk factor for a longer hospital LOS (HR 0.568, 95% CI 0.410-0.785). No significant association was observed between viral coinfections and the need for PICU admission (OR 1.151; 95% CI 0.737-1.797). CONCLUSIONS Viral coinfections modified the natural history of AB, prolonging the hospital LOS in proportion to the number of viruses detected without increasing the need for admission to the PICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Bermúdez-Barrezueta
- División of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Pablo López-Casillas
- División of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Silvia Rojo-Rello
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Sáez-García
- Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Reina Sofía Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Manuel Marugán-Miguelsanz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University, Valladolid, Spain
- Division of Gastroenterology and Pediatric Nutrition, Head of Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María de la Asunción Pino-Vázquez
- División of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
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16
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Li Y, Tang C, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang G, Peng R, Huang Y, Hu X, Xin H, Feng B, Cao X, He Y, Guo T, He Y, Su H, Cui X, Niu L, Wu Z, Yang J, Yang F, Lu G, Gao L, Jin Q, Xiao M, Yin F, Du J. Diversity and independent evolutionary profiling of rodent-borne viruses in Hainan, a tropical island of China. Virol Sin 2023; 38:651-662. [PMID: 37572844 PMCID: PMC10590688 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of emerging infectious diseases (EID) is increasing globally. More than 60% of EIDs worldwide are caused by animal-borne pathogens. This study aimed to characterize the virome, analyze the phylogenetic evolution, and determine the diversity of rodent-borne viruses in Hainan Province, China. We collected 682 anal and throat samples from rodents, combined them into 28 pools according to their species and location, and processed them for next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The diverse viral contigs closely related to mammals were assigned to 22 viral families. Molecular clues of the important rodent-borne viruses were further identified by polymerase chain reaction for phylogenetic analysis and annotation of genetic characteristics such as arenavirus, coronavirus, astrovirus, pestivirus, parvovirus, and papillomavirus. We identified pestivirus and bocavirus in Leopoldoms edwardsi from Huangjinjiaoling, and bocavirus in Rattus andamanensis from the national nature reserves of Bangxi with low amino acid identity to known pathogens are proposed as the novel species, and their rodent hosts have not been previously reported to carry these viruses. These results expand our knowledge of viral classification and host range and suggest that there are highly diverse, undiscovered viruses that have evolved independently in their unique wildlife hosts in inaccessible areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Chuanning Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Gaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ruoyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Henan Xin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Boxuan Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xuefang Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yongpeng He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Tonglei Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yijun He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Haoxiang Su
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Xiuji Cui
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Lina Niu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jian Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Fan Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Lei Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qi Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Meifang Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Feifei Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, 571199, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Jiang Du
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China; Hainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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Kachooei A, Karbalaie Niya MH, Khales P, Sabaei M, Fard SR, Hamidzade M, Tavakoli A. Prevalence, molecular characterization, and clinical features of human bocavirus in children under 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis admitted to a specialized children's hospital in Iran: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1591. [PMID: 37779667 PMCID: PMC10539719 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Although some reports have confirmed the role of human bocavirus (HBoV) in respiratory infections, the importance of this virus in causing acute gastroenteritis has not yet been proven. This study aimed to determine the molecular prevalence of HBoV in children under 5 years old with gastroenteritis and to compare the clinical symptoms of HBoV-positive and -negative gastroenteritis cases. Methods A total of 100 stool samples were collected from children with gastroenteritis hospitalized in a pediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran. Demographic and clinical data were collected from patients' medical records. Viral genomic DNA was extracted from stool samples and amplified using the PCR assay. Finally, sequencing was used to determine the genotype of HBoV. Results The HBoV genome was detected in 14 samples (14%). The highest prevalence of HBoV was observed in the age range of 24-60 months (n = 5; 35.7%); However, no statistically significant relationship was observed between the prevalence of HBoV and age groups (p = 0.09). Nine (64.3%) and 5 (35.7%) HBoV-positive cases were boys and girls, respectively (p = 0.45). Fever, vomiting, and heartache were seen in 5 (35.7%), 3 (21.4%), and 1 (7.1%) HBoV-positive patients, respectively. Overall, no significant difference was observed in any of the investigated clinical manifestations between patients positive or negative for HBoV. Five HBoV-positive samples were subjected to sequencing and all five sequenced samples were genotype 3. Conclusion HBoV infections can be considered a risk factor for causing at least a portion of acute gastroenteritis cases in children under 5 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Kachooei
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Pegah Khales
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Milad Sabaei
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Soheil Rahmani Fard
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Malihe Hamidzade
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ahmad Tavakoli
- Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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18
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De R, Xu YP, Wang F, Zhou YT, Shi PD, Zhu RN, Sun Y, Liu LY, Jia LP, Dong HJ, Zhao H, Qin CF, Zhao LQ. Human bocavirus 1 and 2 genotype-specific antibodies for rapid antigen testing in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:1009-1016. [PMID: 36811744 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous serological studies of human bocavirus (HBoV) 1 could not exclude cross-reactivity with the other three HBoVs, particularly HBoV2. METHODS To search for genotype-specific antibodies against HBoV1 and HBoV2, the divergent regions (DRs) located on the major capsid protein VP3 were defined through viral amino acid alignment and structure prediction. DR-deduced peptides were used as antigens to harvest corresponding anti-DR rabbit sera. To determine their genotype specificities for HBoV1 and HBoV2, these sera samples were used as antibodies against the antigens VP3 of HBoV1 and HBoV2 (expressed in Escherichia coli) in western blotting (WB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and bio-layer interferometry (BLI) assays. Subsequently, the antibodies were evaluated with clinical specimens from pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). RESULTS There were four DRs (DR1-4) located on VP3 with different secondary and tertiary structures between HBoV1 and HBoV2. Regarding the reactivity with VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2 in WB and ELISA, high intra-genotype cross-reactivity of anti-HBoV1 or HBoV2 DR1, DR3, and DR4, but not anti-DR2, was observed. Genotype-specific binding capacity of anti-DR2 sera was confirmed by BLI and IFA, in which only anti-HBoV1 DR2 antibody reacted with HBoV1-positive respiratory specimens. CONCLUSION Antibodies against DR2, located on VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2, were genotype specific for HBoV1 and HBoV2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri De
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yan-Peng Xu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yu-Tong Zhou
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Pan-Deng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ru-Nan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Li-Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Li-Ping Jia
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hui-Jin Dong
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Lin-Qing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
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19
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Bergallo M, Daprà V, Rassu M, Calvi C, Montanari P, Galliano I. Human Bocavirus in children with acute gastroenteritis in Piedmont, Italy. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2023; 75:528-535. [PMID: 30605997 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.18.05365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroenteritis is a common disease in children, characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Co-detection of human Bocavirus (HBoV) with other gastroenteric viruses was reported a lot in patients with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS This paper presents the real-time RT-PCR Taqman assay for the detection and quantification of HBoV for clinical fecal samples collected from hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Piedmont. RESULTS All fecal specimens were tested for the presence of HBoV with specific primers and probe. A total of 17 out of 123 (13.92%) episodes of acute gastroenteritis were associated with HBoV genomic detection with median viral load 6864.75±19784.79 genomes/mg fecal specimens. Among the 17 HBoV-positive cases, 11 were also positive for other viral pathogens, including Rotavirus (N.=2), astrovirus (N.=1), norovirus GII (N.=6), norovirus GI (N.=2). Two cases were positive for more than one virus including norovirus GII and norovirus GI (N.=1) and Rotavirus, sapovirus and astrovirus (N.=1). A higher detection of HBoV infections was observed in winter, and peaking in February. CONCLUSIONS Although HBoV is suspected to be responsible for gastroenteritis in children, our data showed that this association was uncertain since no difference was observed in term of viral load in the group with single infection of HBoV and group of coinfections with other viral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Bergallo
- Medical School, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Citoimmunodiagnostics Laboratory, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy -
| | - Valentina Daprà
- Medical School, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Citoimmunodiagnostics Laboratory, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Rassu
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Calvi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Montanari
- Medical School, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Citoimmunodiagnostics Laboratory, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Galliano
- Medical School, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Citoimmunodiagnostics Laboratory, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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20
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Nozarian Z, Abedidoust S, Gharib A, Safavi M, Khazaeli M, Vasei M. Detection of Human Boca Virus in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Middle East J Dig Dis 2023; 15:156-161. [PMID: 38023466 PMCID: PMC10660320 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2023.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Human bocavirus (HBoV), a recently isolated virus, has been investigated for its role in many respiratory and enteric diseases. Few studies have reported its presence in solid tumors, such as lung and colon cancers. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of the HBoV1 genome in gastric adenocarcinoma, which has not yet been evaluated. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of 189 gastric tumors and 50 blocks of non-tumor gastric tissue products from elective weight reduction operations were collected. DNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed for HBoV1 detection. DNA sequencing was performed using ABI Genetic Analyzer series 3500. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60±13.33 years. Tumors were more common in males than females (2.5/1). HBoV1 PCR was positive in 34 (18%) cases of GC and 10 (20%) cases of chronic gastritis (P>0.05). There was no association between age, sex, stage, and histologic subtype of the tumor and HBoV1 positivity (P>0.05) in tumor samples. The rate of intestinal metaplasia and presence of lymphoid stroma were also not more frequent in HBoV1-positive tumors (P>0.05). Conclusion: The HBoV1 can be detected in a relatively high proportion of Iranian patients with gastric cancer (18%) with no predilection for specific subtypes and no association with the degree of lymphocytic infiltration. HBoV1 can also be observed in approximately 20% of chronic gastritis cases. Further comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the role of HBoV1 in gastric cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Nozarian
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Abedidoust
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Gharib
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moeinadin Safavi
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Khazaeli
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- Cell-based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Trovato M, Valenti A. Medical Applications of Molecular Biotechnologies in the Context of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2114. [PMID: 37371008 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13122114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a gender autoimmune disease that is manifested by chronic inflammation of the thyroid. Clinical trial studies (CTSs) use molecular biotechnologies (MB) to approach HT appearance. The aims of this study were to analyze the applications of MB in CTSs carried out in HT populations (HT-CTSs). Further, to evaluate the role of MB in the context of the hygiene hypothesis (HH). From 75 HT-CTSs found at clinicaltrials.gov web place, forty-five were considered for this investigation. Finally, six HT-CTSs were reported as molecular HT-CTSs (mHT-CTSs) because these were planning to utilize MB. Two of mHT-CTSs were programmed on the French population to isolate DNA viral sequences. Blood, urine, and thyroid tissue biospecimens were analyzed to pick out the parvo and polyoma viruses. Two mHT-CTSs carried out in China aimed to identify oral and fecal microbiotas by measuring PCR sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Two mHT-CTSs were programmed in the USA and Greece, respectively, for interception of DNA polymorphisms to associate with genetic susceptibility to HT. In conclusion, MB are mainly employed in HT-CTSs for infective pathogenesis and genetic fingerprinting of HT. Furthermore, MB do not provide evidence of HH; however, they are useful for providing direct evidence of the presence of viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Valenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, 98125 Messina, Italy
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22
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Jalving HT, Heimdal I, Valand J, Risnes K, Krokstad S, Nordbø SA, Døllner H, Christensen A. The Burden of Human Bocavirus 1 in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Tract Infections. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2023; 12:282-289. [PMID: 37099765 PMCID: PMC10231390 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is frequently codetected with other viruses, and detected in asymptomatic children. Thus, the burden of HBoV1 respiratory tract infections (RTI) has been unknown. Using HBoV1-mRNA to indicate true HBoV1 RTI, we assessed the burden of HBoV1 in hospitalized children and the impact of viral codetections, compared with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). METHODS Over 11 years, we enrolled 4879 children <16 years old admitted with RTI. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction for HBoV1-DNA, HBoV1-mRNA, and 19 other pathogens. RESULTS HBoV1-mRNA was detected in 2.7% (130/4850) samples, modestly peaking in autumn and winter. Forty-three percent with HBoV1 mRNA were 12-17 months old, and only 5% were <6 months old. A total of 73.8% had viral codetections. It was more likely to detect HBoV1-mRNA if HBoV1-DNA was detected alone (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-8.9) or with 1 viral codetection (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.3), compared to ≥2 codetections. Codetection of severe viruses like RSV had lower odds for HBoV1-mRNA (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19-0.61). The yearly lower RTI hospitalization rate per 1000 children <5 years was 0.7 for HBoV1-mRNA and 8.7 for RSV. CONCLUSIONS True HBoV1 RTI is most likely when HBoV1-DNA is detected alone, or with 1 codetected virus. Hospitalization due to HBoV1 LRTI is 10-12 times less common than RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedda Trømborg Jalving
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inger Heimdal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jonas Valand
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Risnes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Children’s Department, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sidsel Krokstad
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Svein Arne Nordbø
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Døllner
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Children’s Department, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Christensen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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23
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Di Profio F, Sarchese V, Fruci P, Aste G, Martella V, Palombieri A, Di Martino B. Exploring the Enteric Virome of Cats with Acute Gastroenteritis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050362. [PMID: 37235445 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in cats, chiefly in younger animals. Enteric specimens collected from 29 cats with acute enteritis and 33 non-diarrhoeic cats were screened in PCRs and reverse transcription (RT) PCR for a large panel of enteric viruses, including also orphan viruses of recent identification. At least one viral species, including feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline enteric coronavirus (FCoV), feline chaphamaparvovirus, calicivirus (vesivirus and novovirus), feline kobuvirus, feline sakobuvirus A and Lyon IARC polyomaviruses, was detected in 66.1% of the samples.. Co-infections were mainly accounted for by FPV and FCoV and were detected in 24.2% of the samples. The virome composition was further assessed in eight diarrhoeic samples, through the construction of sequencing libraries using a sequence-independent single-primer amplification (SISPA) protocol. The libraries were sequenced on Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing platform. A total of 41 contigs (>100 nt) were detected from seven viral families infecting mammals, included Parvoviridae, Caliciviridae, Picornaviridae, Polyomaviridae, Anelloviridae, Papillomaviridae and Paramyxoviridae, revealing a broad variety in the composition of the feline enteric virome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paola Fruci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Aste
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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24
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Mohammadi M. HBoV-1: virus structure, genomic features, life cycle, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and clinical manifestations. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1198127. [PMID: 37265497 PMCID: PMC10229813 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1198127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The single-stranded DNA virus known as human bocavirus 1 (HBoV-1) is an icosahedral, linear member of the Parvoviridae family. In 2005, it was discovered in nasopharyngeal samples taken from kids who had respiratory tract illnesses. The HBoV genome is 4.7-5.7 kb in total length. The HBoV genome comprises three open-reading frames (ORF1, ORF2, and ORF3) that express structural proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3), viral non-coding RNA, and non-structural proteins (NS1, NS1-70, NS2, NS3, and NP1) (BocaSR). The NS1 and NP1 are crucial for viral DNA replication and are substantially conserved proteins. Replication of the HBoV-1 genome in non-dividing, polarized airway epithelial cells. In vitro, HBoV-1 infects human airway epithelial cells that are strongly differentiated or polarized. Young children who have HBoV-1 are at risk for developing a wide range of respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold, acute otitis media, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis. The most common clinical symptoms are wheezing, coughing, dyspnea, and rhinorrhea. After infection, HBoV-1 DNA can continue to be present in airway secretions for months. The prevalence of coinfections is considerable, and the clinical symptoms can be more severe than those linked to mono-infections. HBoV-1 is frequently detected in combination with other pathogens in various reports. The fecal-oral and respiratory pathways are more likely to be used for HBoV-1 transmission. HBoV-1 is endemic; it tends to peak in the winter and spring. This Review summarizes the knowledge on HBoV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mohammadi
- Social Security Organization, Isfahan, Iran
- Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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25
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Alkubaisi NA, Aziz IM, Alsaleh AN, Alhetheel AF, Almajhdi FN. Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Mediators in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Bocavirus Infection. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051101. [PMID: 37239461 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) can mediate the release of several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, which are usually associated with disease severity in children. In this study, the change in the expression profile of cytokines and chemokines were determined during HRSV, HBoV, and HRSV coinfection with HBoV in 75 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) samples, positive real-time reverse transcriptase PCR Assay (rRT-PCR) for HRSV (n = 36), HBoV (n = 23) infection alone or HRSV coinfection with HBoV (n = 16). The samples were collected from hospitalized children. qPCR-based detection revealed that the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-33, and G-CSF were significantly (p < 0.05) greater in patients than in controls. IL-4, IL-17, GM-CSF, and CCL-5 were significantly elevated in children with HRSV coinfection with HBoV than in other groups (p < 0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 in children with HRSV were significantly increased in severe infections compared to mild infections. Whereas, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-33 were significantly increased in severe infection in compared a mild infection in children with HBoV. Further large-scale investigations involving isolates are needed to enhance our knowledge of the association between viral infections and cytokine expression patterns during the different stages of HRSV and HBoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorah A Alkubaisi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Aziz
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma N Alsaleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim F Alhetheel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad N Almajhdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Capozza P, Buonavoglia A, Pratelli A, Martella V, Decaro N. Old and Novel Enteric Parvoviruses of Dogs. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050722. [PMID: 37242392 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parvovirus infections have been well known for around 100 years in domestic carnivores. However, the use of molecular assays and metagenomic approaches for virus discovery and characterization has led to the detection of novel parvovirus species and/or variants in dogs. Although some evidence suggests that these emerging canine parvoviruses may act as primary causative agents or as synergistic pathogens in the diseases of domestic carnivores, several aspects regarding epidemiology and virus-host interaction remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Alessio Buonavoglia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Dental School, Via Zamboni 33, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Annamaria Pratelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
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27
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Mietzsch M, Qiu J, Almendral JM, Söderlund-Venermo M. Editorial: Parvoviruses: from basic research to biomedical and biotechnological applications. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1194926. [PMID: 37256056 PMCID: PMC10225675 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1194926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mietzsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - José M. Almendral
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Trindade FDTB, Ramos ESF, Lobo PS, Cardoso JF, Penha Júnior ET, Bezerra DAM, Neves MAO, Andrade JAA, Moraes Silva MC, Mascarenhas JDP, Guerra SFS, Soares LS. Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Human Bocavirus Infection in Children with or without Acute Gastroenteritis in Acre, Northern Brazil. Viruses 2023; 15:v15041024. [PMID: 37113004 PMCID: PMC10143463 DOI: 10.3390/v15041024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging virus detected around the world that may be associated with cases of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, its contribution to AGE has not been elucidated. This study aimed to describe the frequency, clinical features, and HBoV species circulation in children up to 5 years with or without AGE symptoms in Acre, Northern Brazil. A total of 480 stool samples were collected between January and December 2012. Fecal samples were used for extraction, nested PCR amplification, and sequencing for genotyping. Statistical analysis was applied to verify the association between epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Overall, HBoV-positivity was 10% (48/480), with HBoV-positive rates of 8.4% (19/226) and 11.4% (29/254) recorded in diarrheic and non-diarrheic children, respectively. The most affected children were in the age group ranging between 7 and 24 months (50%). HBoV infection was more frequent in children who live in urban areas (85.4%), use water from public networks (56.2%), and live with adequate sewage facilities (50%). Co-detection with other enteric viruses was 16.7% (8/48) and the most prevalent coinfection was RVA+ HBoV (50%, 4/8). HBoV-1 was the most frequent species detected in diarrheic and non-diarrheic children, responsible for 43.8% (21/48) of cases, followed by HBoV-3 (29.2%, 14/48) and HBoV-2 (25%, 12/48). In this study, HBoV infection was not always associated with AGE, as most HBoV cases belonged to the non-diarrheal group. Future studies are warranted in order to determine the role of HBoV in causing acute diarrhea disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábyla D' Tácia Brito Trindade
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology and Health Surveillance, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Endrya Socorro Foro Ramos
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Santos Lobo
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Jedson Ferreira Cardoso
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Tavares Penha Júnior
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Delana Andreza Melo Bezerra
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Mayara Annanda Oliveira Neves
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Monica Cristina Moraes Silva
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Joana D'Arc Pereira Mascarenhas
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Fátima Santos Guerra
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Luana Silva Soares
- Seção de Virologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente-IEC/SVSA/MS, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
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29
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Klivleyeva N, Lukmanova G, Glebova T, Shamenova M, Ongarbayeva N, Saktaganov N, Baimukhametova A, Baiseiit S, Ismagulova D, Kassymova G, Rachimbayeva A, Murzagaliyeva A, Xetayeva G, Isabayeva R, Sagatova M. Spread of Pathogens Causing Respiratory Viral Diseases Before and During CoVID-19 Pandemic in Kazakhstan. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:129-138. [PMID: 37168842 PMCID: PMC9972336 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Analyze clinical samples collected and determine the etiology of viral pathogens and the dynamics of their spread. Acute respiratory viral infections remain one of the key health problems worldwide. They constitute etiologically independent diseases, with similar clinical infection manifestations and a single mechanism for the transmission of pathogens. 4712 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from people before and during the COVID-19 pandemic with acute respiratory infections that tested negative for COVID-19 and were examined in this study. The collected samples were screened by a real-time polymerase chain reaction on a Rotor-Gene Q6 plex instrument. Statistical processing of the results, tabular, and graphical data were analyzed in the MS Excel. The largest number of the nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children under 17 years of age (60.75%). In 702 samples (9.85%) pathogens of respiratory infections of non-influenza etiology were detected, including adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, metapneumovirus, paramyxovirus types I–IV, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus. At the same time, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, different influenza virus variants co-circulation (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and type B) were discovered, with a predominance of viruses with the antigenic formula A/H1N1. The results of the study indicate the need for continuous monitoring of the viral pathogens spread, which will expand the existing knowledge of the viral etiology of respiratory diseases and highlight the importance of viruses in the respiratory infections occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailya Klivleyeva
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Galina Lukmanova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatyana Glebova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mira Shamenova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nuray Ongarbayeva
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurbol Saktaganov
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Assem Baimukhametova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Sagadat Baiseiit
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dariya Ismagulova
- The Laboratory of Viral Biochemistry, The Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology LLP, 105 Bogenbai Batyr Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Almagul Rachimbayeva
- The Almaty Branch of National Center for Expertise, 3 Zhibek Zholy Avenue, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ardak Murzagaliyeva
- The West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, 68 Maresyev Street, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulzakira Xetayeva
- The Children’s City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, SOPE On REM, ChCCIDH, 299a Baizakova Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Rauna Isabayeva
- The Communal State Enterprise Regional Region Clinical Hospital (CSE RCH) of Karaganda Regional Health Department, 41/43 Erubaev Street, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Madisha Sagatova
- The East Kazakhstan Regional Branch of National Center for Expertise, 17 Independence Avenue, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
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Evidence for a Novel Gammaherpesvirus as the Putative Agent of Malignant Catarrhal Fever Disease in Roan Antelopes (Hippotragus equinus). Viruses 2023; 15:v15030649. [PMID: 36992358 PMCID: PMC10051647 DOI: 10.3390/v15030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon the sudden death of two captive roan antelopes (Hippotragus equinus) that had suffered from clinical signs reminiscent of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in a German zoo, next generation sequencing of organ samples provided evidence of the presence of a novel gammaherpesvirus species. It shares 82.40% nucleotide identity with its so far closest relative Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) at the polymerase gene level. The main histopathological finding consisted of lympho-histiocytic vasculitis of the pituitary rete mirabile. The MCF-like clinical presentation and pathology, combined with the detection of a nucleotide sequence related to that of AlHV-1, indicates a spillover event of a novel member of the genus Macavirus of the Gammaherpesvirinae, probably from a contact species within the zoo. We propose the name Alcelaphine herpesvirus 3 (AlHV-3) for this newly identified virus.
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31
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Mijač M, Ljubin-Sternak S, Ivković-Jureković I, Vraneš J. Comparison of MT-PCR with Quantitative PCR for Human Bocavirus in Respiratory Samples with Multiple Respiratory Viruses Detection. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050846. [PMID: 36899990 PMCID: PMC10001063 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an important respiratory pathogen, especially in children, but it is often found in co-detection with other respiratory viruses, which makes the diagnostic approach challenging. We compared multiplex PCR and quantitative PCR for HBoV with multiplex tandem PCR (MT-PCR) in 55 cases of co-detection of HBoV and other respiratory viruses. In addition, we investigated whether there is a connection between the severity of the disease, measured by the localization of the infection, and amount of virus detected in the respiratory secretions. No statistically significant difference was found, but children with large amount of HBoV and other respiratory virus had a longer stay in hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Mijač
- Molecular Microbiology Department, Dr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Medical Microbiology Department, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sunčanica Ljubin-Sternak
- Molecular Microbiology Department, Dr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Medical Microbiology Department, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irena Ivković-Jureković
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty for Dental Medicine and Healthcare, School of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Vraneš
- Molecular Microbiology Department, Dr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Medical Microbiology Department, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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32
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Characterization of a Novel Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) from Genogroup 6 Identified in Sea Trout ( Salmo trutta) from Lake Vänern, Sweden. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10010058. [PMID: 36669059 PMCID: PMC9861164 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In November 2016, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) was isolated from a broodstock female of landlocked sea trout (Salmo trutta) in Lake Vänern in Sweden. VP2 gene sequencing placed the IPNV isolate in genogroup 6, for which pathogenicity is largely unknown. Lake Vänern hosts landlocked sea trout and salmon populations that are endangered, and thus the introduction of new pathogens poses a major threat. In this study we characterized the novel isolate by conducting an infection trial on three salmonid species present in Lake Vänern, whole genome sequencing of the isolate, and prevalence studies in the wild sea trout and salmon in Lake Vänern. During the infection trial, the pathogenicity of the Swedish isolate was compared to that of a pathogenic genogroup 5 isolate. Dead or moribund fish were collected, pooled, and analyzed by cell culture to identify infected individuals. In the trial, the Swedish isolate was detected in fewer sample pools in all three species compared to the genogroup 5 isolate. In addition, the prevalence studies showed a low prevalence (0.2-0.5%) of the virus in the feral salmonids in Lake Vänern. Together the data suggest that the novel Swedish IPNV genogroup 6 isolate is only mildly pathogenic to salmonids.
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33
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Meza UC, Lara NP, Gómez LC, Rodríguez MS, Hernández JRA, Mendoza RT. The HRA2pl fusion peptide exerts in vitro antiviral activity against human respiratory paramyxoviruses and pneumoviruses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1125135. [PMID: 37153148 PMCID: PMC10157160 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1125135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections are a group of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites that mainly affect children until the age of 5 and immunocompromised senior adults. In Mexico, these infections are the main cause of morbidity in children, with more than 26 million cases of respiratory infections reported by the Secretariat of Health, in 2019. The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), the human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and the human parainfluenza-2 (hPIV-2) are responsible for many respiratory infections. Currently, palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the fusion protein F, is the treatment of choice against hRSV infections. This protein is being studied for the design of antiviral peptides that act by inhibiting the fusion of the virus and the host cell. Therefore, we examined the antiviral activity of the HRA2pl peptide, which competes the heptad repeat A domain of the F protein of hMPV. The recombinant peptide was obtained using a viral transient expression system. The effect of the fusion peptide was evaluated with an in vitro entry assay. Moreover, the effectiveness of HRA2pl was examined in viral isolates from clinical samples obtained from patients with infections caused by hRSV, hMPV, or hPIV-2, by evaluating the viral titer and the syncytium size. The HRA2pl peptide affected the viruses' capacity of entry, resulting in a 4-log decrease in the viral titer compared to the untreated viral strains. Additionally, a 50% reduction in the size of the syncytium was found. These results demonstrate the antiviral potential of HRA2pl in clinical samples, paving the way toward clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Cruz Meza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norvell Perezbusta Lara
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Chávez Gómez
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Javier R. Ambrosio Hernández
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rocio Tirado Mendoza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Rocio Tirado Mendoza,
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Palombieri A, Sarchese V, Giordano MV, Fruci P, Crisi PE, Aste G, Bongiovanni L, Rinaldi V, Sposato A, Camero M, Lanave G, Martella V, Marsilio F, Di Martino B, Di Profio F. Detection and Characterization of Feline Calicivirus Associated with Paw and Mouth Disease. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010065. [PMID: 36611675 PMCID: PMC9818015 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats can led to several diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild upper respiratory signs to virulent systemic disease. Herein, we report a paw and mouth disease case in a 7-year-old household cat due to an FCV infection. An asymptomatic cat living in the same household was also infected with FCV. Clinical and pathological investigations were combined with the molecular and phenotypical characterization of the FCV strains. The RNA of the FCV was detected using qualitative and quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays, and FCV antigen was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. After the whole genome analysis, the strains detected in the two cats appeared to be genetically diverse from FCVs previously detected in association with paw and mouth disease and with virulent systemic disease. Interestingly, the isolates obtained in this study were resistant to low pH conditions and slightly susceptible to bile salts, but they were susceptible to a trypsin treatment, revealing a phenotype pattern that is different from that which has been observed for respiratory FCVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Paola Fruci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Crisi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Aste
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessio Sposato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Marsilio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266845
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Palombieri A, Fruci P, Sarchese V, Robetto S, Orusa R, Arbuatti A, Martella V, Di Martino B, Di Profio F. Detection and Characterization of a Novel Picornavirus in European Badger (Meles meles). Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110645. [PMID: 36423093 PMCID: PMC9696597 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A molecular survey was performed to investigate the gut virome of wild mustelids and sciurids found dead in Northwestern Italy. Using pan-picornavirus primer pair, we discovered a new picornavirus (PV) in the intestinal content of a European badger (Meles meles). The full-length genome of this novel strain was obtained by a sequence-independent single-primer amplification procedure in combination with Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing platform. On sequence analysis, the badger PV could be considered the prototype of a new species, proposed as Sakobuvirus B, classified within the still poorly characterized genus Sakobuvirus. The finding of this study poses interesting questions about the genetic diversity of these viruses, suggesting that the PV host range could be wider than expected. Abstract The recent development of unbiased metagenomic next-generation sequencing has provided a richer view of the wild animal virome making it necessary to expand the knowledge about virus diversity in wildlife, as well as to monitor their potential transmission to domestic animals or humans. In the present study, by screening collections of enteric specimens from wild animals, a novel picornavirus was identified in the intestinal content of a badger (Meles meles). By enrichment with a sequence-independent single-primer amplification (SISPA) approach and deep sequencing with Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform, the genome sequence of a novel picornavirus strain, Badger/3A-2019/ITA, was reconstructed. On comparison based on the polyprotein sequences, the virus was distantly related (58.7% and 59.7% sequence identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively) to the feline picornavirus strain FFUP1, identified in 2012 in Portugal and classified into genus Sakobovirus within the species Sakobuvirus A. Upon phylogenetic, pairwise homology, and distance analyses performed on the P1, 2Chel, 3Cpro, and 3Dpol proteins and the complete genomic sequence, the badger picornavirus may be considered a member of a new sakobuvirus species, which we propose as Sakobuvirus B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Palombieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paola Fruci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sarchese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Serena Robetto
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d’Aosta, 11020 Aosta, Italy
| | - Riccardo Orusa
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Malattie degli Animali Selvatici (CeRMAS), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, della Liguria e della Valle d’Aosta, 11020 Aosta, Italy
| | - Alessio Arbuatti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università Aldo Moro di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Di Profio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266845
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Molecular characterization and clinical impact of human bocavirus at a tertiary hospital in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) during the 2014–2017 seasons. Infection 2022:10.1007/s15010-022-01955-z. [DOI: 10.1007/s15010-022-01955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Ogunbayo AE, Mogotsi MT, Sondlane H, Nkwadipo KR, Sabiu S, Nyaga MM. Metagenomic Analysis of Respiratory RNA Virome of Children with and without Severe Acute Respiratory Infection from the Free State, South Africa during COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals Higher Diversity and Abundance in Summer Compared with Winter Period. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112516. [PMID: 36423125 PMCID: PMC9692838 DOI: 10.3390/v14112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral respiratory infections contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in children. Currently, there are limited reports on the composition and abundance of the normal commensal respiratory virome in comparison to those in severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) state. This study characterised the respiratory RNA virome in children ≤ 5 years with (n = 149) and without (n = 139) SARI during the summer and winter of 2020/2021 seasons in South Africa. Nasopharyngeal swabs were, collected, pooled, enriched for viral RNA detection, sequenced using Illumina MiSeq, and analysed using the Genome Detective bioinformatic tool. Overall, Picornaviridae, Paramoxyviridae, Pneumoviridae, Picobirnaviridae, Totiviridae, and Retroviridae families were the most abundant viral population in both groups across both seasons. Human rhinovirus and endogenous retrovirus K113 were detected in most pools, with exclusive detection of Pneumoviridae in SARI pools. Generally, higher viral diversity/abundance was seen in children with SARI and in the summer pools. Several plant/animal viruses, eukaryotic viruses with unclear pathogenicity including a distinct rhinovirus A type, were detected. This study provides remarkable data on the respiratory RNA virome in children with and without SARI with a degree of heterogeneity of known viruses colonizing their respiratory tract. The implication of the detected viruses in the dynamics/progression of SARI requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji E. Ogunbayo
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Milton T. Mogotsi
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Hlengiwe Sondlane
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Kelebogile R. Nkwadipo
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Martin M. Nyaga
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-51-401-9158
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Gandhi L, Maisnam D, Rathore D, Chauhan P, Bonagiri A, Venkataramana M. Respiratory illness virus infections with special emphasis on COVID-19. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:236. [PMID: 36348452 PMCID: PMC9641310 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses that emerge pose challenges for treatment options as their uniqueness would not know completely. Hence, many viruses are causing high morbidity and mortality for a long time. Despite large diversity, viruses share common characteristics for infection. At least 12 different respiratory-borne viruses are reported belonging to various virus taxonomic families. Many of these viruses multiply and cause damage to the upper and lower respiratory tracts. The description of these viruses in comparison with each other concerning their epidemiology, molecular characteristics, disease manifestations, diagnosis and treatment is lacking. Such information helps diagnose, differentiate, and formulate the control measures faster. The leading cause of acute illness worldwide is acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and are responsible for nearly 4 million deaths every year, mostly in young children and infants. Lower respiratory tract infections are the fourth most common cause of death globally, after non-infectious chronic conditions. This review aims to present the characteristics of different viruses causing respiratory infections, highlighting the uniqueness of SARS-CoV-2. We expect this review to help understand the similarities and differences among the closely related viruses causing respiratory infections and formulate specific preventive or control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Gandhi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Deepti Maisnam
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Deepika Rathore
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Preeti Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Anvesh Bonagiri
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Musturi Venkataramana
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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do Nascimento LG, Sarmento SK, Leonardo R, Gutierrez MB, Malta FC, de Oliveira JM, Guerra CR, Coutinho R, Miagostovich MP, Fumian TM. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Mollusks Collected in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112359. [PMID: 36366459 PMCID: PMC9695388 DOI: 10.3390/v14112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral bivalve contamination is a recognized food safety hazard. Therefore, this study investigated the detection rates, seasonality, quantification, and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in bivalve samples (mussels and oysters). We collected 97 shellfish samples between March 2018 and February 2020. The screening of samples by qPCR or RT-qPCR revealed the detection of norovirus (42.3%), rotavirus A (RVA; 16.5%), human adenovirus (HAdV; 24.7%), and human bocavirus (HBoV; 13.4%). There was no detection of hepatitis A virus. In total, 58.8% of shellfish samples tested positive for one or more viruses, with 42.1% of positive samples contaminated with two or more viruses. Norovirus showed the highest median viral load (3.3 × 106 GC/g), followed by HAdV (median of 3.5 × 104 GC/g), RVA (median of 1.5 × 103 GC/g), and HBoV (median of 1.3 × 103 GC/g). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that norovirus strains belonged to genotype GII.12[P16], RVA to genotype I2, HAdV to types -C2, -C5, and -F40, and HBoV to genotypes -1 and -2. Our results demonstrate the viral contamination of bivalves, emphasizing the need for virological monitoring programs to ensure the quality and safety of shellfish for human consumption and as a valuable surveillance tool to monitor emerging viruses and novel variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Gonçalves do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raphael Leonardo
- Laboratory of Viral Morphology and Morphogenesis, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Meylin Bautista Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Correia Malta
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Mendes de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Technological Development in Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rezende Guerra
- Laboratory of Marine Genetics, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Sea Studies Institute Admiral Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Marine Genetics, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Sea Studies Institute Admiral Paulo Moreira (IEAPM), Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marize Pereira Miagostovich
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tulio Machado Fumian
- Laboratory of Comparative and Environmental Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1817
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Sui H, Xu X, Su Y, Gong Z, Yao M, Liu X, Zhang T, Jiang Z, Bai T, Wang J, Zhang J, Xu C, Luo M. Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis: Challenges and prospects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015926. [PMID: 36304167 PMCID: PMC9592762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal-recessive disease caused by mutations in a single gene encoding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CF effects multiple organs, and lung disease is the primary cause of mortality. The median age at death from CF is in the early forties. CF was one of the first diseases to be considered for gene therapy, and efforts focused on treating CF lung disease began shortly after the CFTR gene was identified in 1989. However, despite the quickly established proof-of-concept for CFTR gene transfer in vitro and in clinical trials in 1990s, to date, 36 CF gene therapy clinical trials involving ∼600 patients with CF have yet to achieve their desired outcomes. The long journey to pursue gene therapy as a cure for CF encountered more difficulties than originally anticipated, but immense progress has been made in the past decade in the developments of next generation airway transduction viral vectors and CF animal models that reproduced human CF disease phenotypes. In this review, we look back at the history for the lessons learned from previous clinical trials and summarize the recent advances in the research for CF gene therapy, including the emerging CRISPR-based gene editing strategies. We also discuss the airway transduction vectors, large animal CF models, the complexity of CF pathogenesis and heterogeneity of CFTR expression in airway epithelium, which are the major challenges to the implementation of a successful CF gene therapy, and highlight the future opportunities and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshu Sui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
| | - Xinghua Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Su
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoqing Gong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minhua Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaocui Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyao Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianhao Bai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Junzuo Wang
- The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Changlong Xu
- The Reproductive Medical Center of Nanning Second People’s Hospital, Nanning, China
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
| | - Mingjiu Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Hongshu Sui, ; Changlong Xu, ; Mingjiu Luo,
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Quantitative analysis of respiratory viral distribution in forensic autopsy cases. Forensic Sci Int 2022; 339:111419. [PMID: 35994987 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses can cause fatal systemic infections; therefore, post-mortem diagnosis is essential in forensic autopsy cases. However, little is known regarding the distribution of respiratory viruses in the body. In this study, we investigated the anatomical distribution of respiratory viruses in 48 forensic autopsy cases suspected of viral infections at our institute. Fast Track Diagnostics (FTD) Respiratory Pathogens 21 was used as a screening test for 20 respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs. In cases with positive results for virus detection by the screening test, the detected viruses were quantified in body fluid and organ specimens by virus-specific real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and digital PCR. Viruses were detected in 33 cases, with the viral distribution and load differing among the cases. Since various respiratory viruses were detected from the nasopharyngeal swab and its viral load was higher than those of other body fluid specimens, the nasopharyngeal swab was suggested as a useful specimen for the post-mortem detection of respiratory viruses. Viruses were detected in almost all specimens including the serum in six cases. Considering the viral distribution in the body, pathological findings, and ante-mortem symptoms, these cases were presumed to be systemically infected, having died in the acute infection phase. In conclusion, the anatomical distribution of respiratory viruses can help indicate ante-mortem systemic conditions and the cause of death.
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Campelo FS, de Aguiar Cordeiro R, Moura FEA. The role of human bocavirus as an agent of community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in Fortaleza, Ceará (Northeast Brazil). Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1915-1924. [PMID: 35933553 PMCID: PMC9679084 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human bocavirus (HBoV) is an agent of upper and lower respiratory infections, affecting mainly children under 5 years of age. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important public health problem in developing countries, representing one of the main causes of hospitalizations and deaths in children. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of HBoV and the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in children diagnosed with CAP. For this purpose, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 545 children aged 0 to 60 months diagnosed with CAP between January 2013 and December 2014 in a reference pediatric hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The samples were subjected to PCR for detection of HBoV and parainfluenza 4 (PIV4) and indirect immunofluorescence for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (AdV), influenza A and B (FLU A and FLU B), and parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3 (PIV1, PIV2, PIV3). Clinically, most CAP were non-complicated (487/545; 89.3%); however, 10.7% (58/545) of children were treated in the ICU/resuscitation sector. Among the total samples analyzed, 359 (65.8%) were positive for at least one virus surveyed and 105 (19.2%) samples had two or more viruses. HBoV was detected in 87 samples (15.9%), being the second most prevalent virus. RSV, AdV, FLU A, FLU B, and PIV 1-3 were detected in 150 (27.5%), 45 (8.2%), 30 (5.5%), 3 (0.5%), and 131 (24%) samples, respectively. The age average was 12.1 months in children infected with HBoV, and the most frequent symptoms were dyspnea and cough. In addition, 90.6% of HboV-positive children received antibiotics as empirical treatment. HBoV did not show any circulation pattern; however, it seemed to be more frequent in the first half of the year, totaling 68.9% of the cases. HBoV is a frequent agent of pneumonia in the child population studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Serra Campelo
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil ,Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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De R, Zhang KX, Wang F, Zhou YT, Sun Y, Chen DM, Zhu RN, Guo Q, Liu S, Qu D, Qian Y, Zhao LQ. Human bocavirus 1 is a genuine pathogen for acute respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients determined by nucleic acid, antigen, and serology tests. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:932858. [PMID: 35966673 PMCID: PMC9372409 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.932858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), first discovered in 2005, was positive in symptomatic and healthy children and co-detected with other respiratory viruses. It is a long journey to decisively demonstrate the unique viral pathogenic function of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in pediatric patients. Methods Respiratory specimens collected from pediatric patients with ARTI from January 2017 to December 2021 were screened by a capillary electrophoresis-based multiplex PCR (CEMP) assay, then genotyped by PCR and sequencing for HBoV1. For the antigen test, a part of HBoV1 DNA positive nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) was used as an antigen, while a rabbit anti-HBoV1 DR2 specific to HBoV1 was used as an antibody in the indirect-immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Finally, the levels of IgG specific to HBoV1 in acute and convalescent sera selected retrospectively from only HBoV1 DNA-positive patients were evaluated by IFA. Results Among 9,899 specimens, 681 were positive for HBoV1 DNA (6.88%, 681/9899), which included 336 positives only for HBoV1 (49.34%, 336/681) and 345 (50.66%, 345/681) positives also for other pathogens. In the antigen test, there were 37 among 47 NPAs determined as HBoV1 antigen-positive (78.72%, 37/47), including 18 (48.65%, 18/37) positives solely for HBoV1 DNA. Among 4 pediatric patients with both acute and convalescent sera, there was one positive for HBoV1 antigen (D8873) and 2 lack the antigen results (D1474 and D10792), which showed seroconversion with a ≥ 4-fold increase in IgG levels. Conclusions The combination results of nucleic acid, antigen, and serology tests answered that HBoV1 is a genuine pathogen for ARTI in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri De
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Xiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tong Zhou
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Nan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Qing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin-Qing Zhao
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Spedicato M, Compagni ED, Caporale M, Teodori L, Leone A, Ancora M, Mangone I, Perletta F, Portanti O, Di Giallonardo F, Bonfini B, Savini G, Lorusso A. Reemergence of an atypical bluetongue virus strain in goats, Sardinia, Italy. Res Vet Sci 2022; 151:36-41. [PMID: 35853329 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the etiologic agent of bluetongue, a WOAH (founded as Office International des Épizooties, OIE)-notifiable economically important disease of ruminants. BTV is transmitted by Culicoides biting midges and 24 different "classical" serotypes have been reported to date. In recent years, several putative novel BTV serotypes, often referred to as "atypical" BTVs, have been documented. These are characterized by unusual biological characteristics, most notably avirulence and vector-independent transmission. Here, we describe the recurrence of such an atypical virus strain BTV-X ITL2021 detected in goats six years after its first discovery in Sardinia, Italy. Combined serological and genome analysis results clearly suggest that the two strains belong to the same BTV serotype. However, unlike the 2015 strain, BTV-X ITL2021 was successfully isolated in BSR cell-culture allowing further serological characterization. Lastly, seropositivity for BTV-X ITL2021 was detected by virus-neutralization in approximately 74% of animals tested, suggesting that this atypical BTV serotype has been circulating undetected in asymptomatic animals for years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Spedicato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy.
| | | | - Marialuigia Caporale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Liana Teodori
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Leone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Massimo Ancora
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Iolanda Mangone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Perletta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Ottavio Portanti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Bonfini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessio Lorusso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise (IZS-Teramo), Teramo, Italy
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MOHD-AZAMI SNI, LOONG SK, KHOO JJ, SAHIMIN N, LIM FS, HUSIN NA, MAHFODZ NH, MOHD-TAIB FS, ISHAK SN, MAKEPEACE BL, ABUBAKAR S. Molecular evidence of rat bocavirus among rodents in Peninsular Malaysia. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:938-941. [PMID: 35584942 PMCID: PMC9353084 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat bocavirus (RBoV) and rodent bocavirus (RoBoV) have previously been detected in Rattus norvegicus; however, these viruses have not been reported in rodent populations in Malaysia. We investigated the presence of RBoV and RoBoV in archived rodent specimens. DNA barcoding of the rodent cytochrome c oxidase gene identified five different species: Rattus tanezumi R3 mitotype, Rattus tiomanicus, Rattus exulans, Rattus argentiventer, and Rattus tanezumi sensu stricto. Three spleens were positive for RBoV (1.84%; 3/163), but no RoBoV was detected. Phylogenetic analyzes of the partial non-structural protein 1 gene grouped Malaysian RBoV strains with RBoV strains from China. Further studies among rats from different geographical locations are warranted for this relatively new virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurul Izzah MOHD-AZAMI
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shih Keng LOONG
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jing Jing KHOO
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhidayu SAHIMIN
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fang Shiang LIM
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aini HUSIN
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hidayana MAHFODZ
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farah Shafawati MOHD-TAIB
- School of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nabilah ISHAK
- School of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Benjamin L. MAKEPEACE
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sazaly ABUBAKAR
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hussein Lazim H, Hussain Ali S, Abdul-Amir AS, Salim AB. A STUDY OF THE NOVEL WU AND KI POLYOMAVIRUSES, BOCAVIRUS ADENOVIRUS IN CHILDREN WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:1678-1682. [PMID: 35962680 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202207112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To find out the frequency of WU and KI polyomaviruses, and Human Boca and Adenoviruses infections among children with different types of acute upper respiratory tract infections and to compare the frequency of these viruses among immune-competent and immune compromised patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: A case-control study conducted in children aged 3-18 years with acute upper respiratory tract infections. The samples were taken from: Group 1: 100 immuno competent children with acute upper respiratory tract infections. Group 2: 100 immuno compromised children (Leukemic, cancer, Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure and children with renal transplant) with acute upper respiratory tract infections. Group 3: 100 apparently healthy children without respiratory infections as control group. Nasal swap samples were collected from children and then viral DNA extracted from these samples. Then detection of WU, KI polyomaviruses HBoV and HAdv was done by using real time PCR. RESULTS Results: All of 300 samples were negative for WU and KI polyomaviruses. However, human Bocavirus was detected in the three groups (immunocompromised, immunocompetent and control group) and the positivity rates were 61.61%, 37.37% and 18.18%, respectively. While human adenovirus was found only in 2% of immunocompromised patients and 1.1% of immunocompetent patients also there were cases positive for both HBoV and HAdv in 5.5% of immunocompromised patients, and 8.8% of immunocompetent patients. CONCLUSION Conclusions: High frequency of HBoV especially in immunocompromised patients while low number of positive cases for HAdv by using nasal swab samples, WU and KI polyomaviruses could not be detected in samples.
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Safavi M, Taghipour S, Vasei M, Eshaghi H, Haghi Ashtiani MT. Evaluation of human bocavirus as well as other well-known viral etiologic agents by PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with clinical impression of viral meningoencephalitis referred to the Children's Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, from 2019 to 2020. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4944-4949. [PMID: 35689362 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Viral meningoencephalitis is one of the most important diseases that most commonly affect children. In many cases of viral meningoencephalitis, the underlying cause of the disease is not identified, raising the possibility of a variety of pathogens that are not routinely tested. Bocaviruses belong to a newly identified class of viruses that have been reported in some studies to be associated with viral encephalitis. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of bocaviruses and other viruses in the patients suspected of having viral encephalitis and their associations with various demographic and clinical variables. Two hundred patients with suspected viral meningoencephalitis referred to Children's Medical Center were studied from 2019 to 2020. Age, sex, length of hospitalization, and course of the disease were gathered. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken from the patients and subjected to biochemical examinations and PCR to identify the underlying cause. Bocaviruses were detected in none of the DNA samples extracted from the CSF specimens. The most identified organisms were mumps and enteroviruses. In 92% of cases, the underlying cause was not identified. PCR-based identification of the underlying causes of viral meningoencephalitis in CSF specimens was not successful in most cases. Bocavirus was not found in any of the collected CSF samples. Further studies are required for drawing more accurate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeinadin Safavi
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Pathology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salameh Taghipour
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Pathology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Pathology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cell-based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Eshaghi
- Department of Infectious, Diseases, Pediatric's Center of Excellence, Children's Medical, Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics Division, Pathology Department, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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The small nonstructural protein NP1 of human bocavirus 1 directly interacts with Ku70 and RPA70 and facilitates viral DNA replication. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010578. [PMID: 35653410 PMCID: PMC9197078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus of the family Parvoviridae, causes acute respiratory tract infections in young children. Well-differentiated pseudostratified human airway epithelium cultured at an air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI) is an ideal in vitro culture model to study HBoV1 infection. Unique to other parvoviruses, bocaparvoviruses express a small nonstructured protein NP1 of ~25 kDa from an open reading frame (ORF) in the center of the viral genome. NP1 plays an important role in viral DNA replication and pre-mRNA processing. In this study, we performed an affinity purification assay to identify HBoV1 NP1-inteacting proteins. We identified that Ku70 and RPA70 directly interact with the NP1 at a high binding affinity, characterized with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of 95 nM and 122 nM, respectively. Furthermore, we mapped the key NP1-interacting domains of Ku70 at aa266-439 and of RPA70 at aa181-422. Following a dominant negative strategy, we revealed that the interactions of Ku70 and RPA70 with NP1 play a significant role in HBoV1 DNA replication not only in an in vitro viral DNA replication assay but also in HBoV1-infected HAE-ALI cultures. Collectively, our study revealed a novel mechanism by which HBoV1 NP1 enhances viral DNA replication through its direct interactions with Ku70 and RPA70.
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Joseph OO, Adeniji JA, Faneye AO. Human Bocavirus infection among children with respiratory tract infection in Ibadan, Nigeria. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:acmi000356. [PMID: 36003362 PMCID: PMC9394526 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Human Bocavirus (HBoV), which is an ssDNA virus of the family Parvoviridae, is responsible for 21.5 % of childhood respiratory tract infections (RTIs) annually. Among the four genotypes currently known, HBoV-1 has been associated with acute RTI. Although there have been studies on HBoV in some countries, there is limited information on this virus in sub-Saharan Africa where there is the highest burden of RTI. This study aimed to characterize the circulating strains of HBoV in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from 333 children ≤5 years old presenting with RTI attending hospitals in Ibadan, whose parents assented, from 2014 to 2015. Twenty-three HBoV isolates were sequenced after a nested PCR and phylogenetic analysis was carried out using mega 6 software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke Olufunmilayo Joseph
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Olajumoke Olufunmilayo Joseph,
| | - Johnson Adekunle Adeniji
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Adedayo Omotayo Faneye
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
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Debnath N, Kumar A, Yadav AK. Probiotics as a biotherapeutics for the management and prevention of respiratory tract diseases. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:277-291. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabendu Debnath
- Centre for Molecular Biology Central University of Jammu Samba 181143 Jammu and Kashmir (UT) India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Nutrition Biology Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh Jant‐Pali 123031 Haryana India
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Centre for Molecular Biology Central University of Jammu Samba 181143 Jammu and Kashmir (UT) India
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