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Mamand DR, Bazaz S, Mohammad DK, Liang X, Pavlova S, Mim C, Gabrielsson S, Nordin JZ, Wiklander OPB, Abedi‐Valugerdi M, EL‐Andaloussi S. Extracellular vesicles originating from melanoma cells promote dysregulation in haematopoiesis as a component of cancer immunoediting. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12471. [PMID: 38944672 PMCID: PMC11214607 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis dysregulation with the presence of immature myeloid and erythroid immunosuppressive cells are key characteristics of the immune escape phase of tumour development. Here, the role of in vitro generated B16F10 tumour cell-derived extracellular vesicles (tEVs) as indirect cellular communicators, participating in tumour-induced dysregulation of haematopoiesis, was explored. The isolated tEVs displayed features of small EVs with a size range of 100-200 nm, expressed the common EV markers CD63, CD9, and Alix, and had a spherical shape with a lipid bilayer membrane. Proteomic profiling revealed significant levels of angiogenic factors, particularly vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), osteopontin, and tissue factor, associated with the tEVs. Systemic administration of these tEVs in syngeneic mice induced splenomegaly and disrupted haematopoiesis, leading to extramedullary haematopoiesis, expansion of splenic immature erythroid progenitors, reduced bone marrow cellularity, medullary expansion of granulocytic myeloid suppressor cells, and the development of anaemia. These effects closely mirrored those observed in tumour-bearing mice and were not seen after heat inactivating the tEVs. In vitro studies demonstrated that tEVs independently induced the expansion of bone marrow granulocytic myeloid suppressor cells and B cells while reducing the frequency of cells in the erythropoietic lineage. These effects of tEVs were significantly abrogated by the blockade of VEGF or heat inactivation. Our findings underscore the important role of tEVs in dysregulating haematopoiesis during the immune escape phase of cancer immunoediting, suggesting their potential as targets for addressing immune evasion and reinstating normal hematopoietic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doste R. Mamand
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Safa Bazaz
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST)Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer CenterStockholmSweden
| | - Dara K. Mohammad
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine HuddingeKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesSalahaddin University‐ErbilErbilIraq
| | - Xiuming Liang
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST)Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer CenterStockholmSweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Svetlana Pavlova
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST)Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer CenterStockholmSweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Carsten Mim
- Department of Protein ScienceKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine SolnaKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Joel Z. Nordin
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM)Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Oscar P. B. Wiklander
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Manuchehr Abedi‐Valugerdi
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST)Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer CenterStockholmSweden
| | - Samir EL‐Andaloussi
- Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine (BCM), Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST)Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer CenterStockholmSweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, ANA Futura, Huddinge, SwedenKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
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Shinde A, Panchal K, Patra P, Singh S, Enakolla S, Paliwal R, Chaurasiya A. QbD Enabled Development and Evaluation of Pazopanib Loaded Nanoliposomes for PDAC Treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:97. [PMID: 38710894 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the highly fatal types of cancer with high mortality/incidence. Considering the crucial role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PDAC progression, its inhibition can be a viable strategy for the treatment. Pazopanib, a second-generation VEGF inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of various oncological conditions. However, due to associated limitations like low oral bioavailability (14-39%), high inter/intra-subject variability, stability issues, etc., high doses (800 mg) are required, which further lead to non-specific toxicities and also contribute toward cancer resistance. Thus, to overcome these challenges, pazopanib-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes were developed and evaluated against pancreatic cancer cell lines. The nanoliposomes were prepared by thin-film hydration method, followed by characterization and stability studies. This QbD-enabled process design successfully led to the development of a suitable pazopanib liposomal formulation with desirable properties. The % entrapment of PZP-loaded non-PEGylated and PEGylated nanoliposomes was found to be 75.2% and 84.9%, respectively, whereas their particle size was found to be 129.7 nm and 182.0 nm, respectively. The developed liposomal formulations exhibited a prolonged release and showed desirable physicochemical properties. Furthermore, these liposomal formulations were also assessed for in vitro cell lines, such as cell cytotoxicity assay and cell uptake. These studies confirm the effectiveness of developed liposomal formulations against pancreatic cancer cell lines. The outcomes of this work provide encouraging results and a way forward to thoroughly investigate its potential for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Shinde
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Kanan Panchal
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Parameswar Patra
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Sonali Singh
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Sucharitha Enakolla
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Rishi Paliwal
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Akash Chaurasiya
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India.
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Akwata D, Kempen AL, Lamptey J, Dayal N, Brauer NR, Sintim HO. Discovery of imidazo[1,2- b]pyridazine-containing TAK1 kinase inhibitors with excellent activities against multiple myeloma. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:178-192. [PMID: 38283221 PMCID: PMC10809330 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00415e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) include proteasome inhibitors, anti-CD38 antibodies, and immunomodulatory agents. However, if patients have continued disease progression after administration of these treatments, there are limited options. There is a need for effective targeted therapies of MM. Recent studies have shown that the transforming growth factor-β activated kinase (TAK1) is upregulated and overexpressed in MM. We have discovered that 6-substituted morpholine or piperazine imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines, with an appropriate aryl substituent at position-3, inhibit TAK1 at nanomolar concentrations. The lead compound, 26, inhibits the enzymatic activity of TAK1 with an IC50 of 55 nM. Under similar conditions, the known TAK1 inhibitor, takinib, inhibits the kinase with an IC50 of 187 nM. Compound 26 and analogs thereof inhibit the growth of multiple myeloma cell lines MPC-11 and H929 with GI50 values as low as 30 nM. These compounds have the potential to be translated into anti-MM therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Akwata
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Allison L Kempen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Jones Lamptey
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Neetu Dayal
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Nickolas R Brauer
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Herman O Sintim
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery 720 Clinic Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research 201 S. University St. West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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Yan H, Gao S, Xu A, Zuo L, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Cheng Q, Yin X, Sun C, Hu Y. MALAT1 regulates network of microRNA-15a/16-VEGFA to promote tumorigenesis and angiogenesis in multiple myeloma. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:760-772. [PMID: 37549238 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MALAT1 is one of the most hopeful members implicated in angiogenesis in a variety of non-malignant diseases. In multiple myeloma (MM), MALAT1 is recognized as the most highly expressed long non-coding RNA. However, the functional roles of MALAT1 in angiogenesis and the responsible mechanisms have not yet been explored. Herein, we discovered a novel regulatory network dependent on MALAT1 in relation to MM tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. We observed that MALAT1 was upregulated in MM and significantly associated with poor overall survival. MALAT1 knockdown suppressed MM cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, while restricting endothelial cells angiogenesis. Moreover, MALAT1 directly targeted microRNA-15a/16, and microRNA-15a/16 suppression partly reverted the effects of MALAT1 deletion on MM cells in vitro as well as tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. In addition, further study indicated that MALAT1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-15a/16 to regulate vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression. Our results suggest that MALAT1 plays an important role in the regulatory axis of microRNA-15a/16-VEGFA to promote tumorigenicity and angiogenesis in MM. Consequently, MALAT1 could serve as a novel promising biomarker and a potential antiangiogenic target against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Su Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aoshuang Xu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liping Zuo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiasi Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qianwen Cheng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuejiao Yin
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Mielnik M, Szudy-Szczyrek A, Homa-Mlak I, Mlak R, Podgajna-Mielnik M, Gorący A, Małecka-Massalska T, Hus M. The Clinical Relevance of Selected Cytokines in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3012. [PMID: 38002012 PMCID: PMC10669681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological neoplasm. Cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors, induced by the microenvironment of MM, participate in tumor growth, the attraction of leukocytes, cell homing, and bone destruction. This study aimed to assess the correlation between the pretreatment serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), angiogenic chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the clinical outcomes and survival of patients newly diagnosed with MM. The study group consisted of 82 individuals. The IL-8 concentration was significantly positively correlated with the age of onset (p = 0.007), the International Staging System (ISS) stage (p = 0.03), the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (p < 0.001), the degree of anemia before treatment (p < 0.0001), the degree of kidney disease (p < 0.001), and VEGF (p = 0.0364). Chemotherapy responders had significantly lower concentrations of IL-8 (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p < 0.001), and VEGF (p = 0.04) compared with non-responders. Patients with treatment-induced polyneuropathy had significantly higher levels of IL-8 (p = 0.033). Patients with a high level of IL-6 had a 2-fold higher risk of progression-free survival (PFS) reduction (17 vs. 35 months; HR = 1.89; p = 0.0078), and a more than 2.5-fold higher risk of overall survival (OS) reduction (28 vs. 78 months; HR = 2.62; p < 0.001). High levels of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF demonstrated significant predictive values for some clinical conditions or outcomes of newly diagnosed MM patients. Patients with an early response to chemotherapy had a significantly lower concentration of these cytokines. A high pretreatment IL-6 concentration was an independent negative prognostic marker for newly diagnosed MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Mielnik
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Homa-Mlak
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland; (I.H.-M.)
| | - Radosław Mlak
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Doktora Witolda Chodźki 1 Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Martyna Podgajna-Mielnik
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aneta Gorący
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Saint Jan of Dukla Oncology Centre of the Lublin Region, Doktora Kazimierza Jaczewskiego 7 Str., 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Marek Hus
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
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Yang J, Zhang L, Qiao W, Luo Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e353. [PMID: 37674971 PMCID: PMC10477518 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in the 21st century, especially due to drug resistance, coinfection with diseases like immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and coronavirus disease 2019, and the lengthy and costly treatment protocols. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first-line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Understanding the mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and important biological targets can lead to innovative treatments. While most antitubercular agents target pathogen-related processes, host-directed therapy (HDT) modalities addressing immune defense, survival mechanisms, and immunopathology also hold promise. Mtb's adaptation to the human host involves manipulating host cellular mechanisms, and HDT aims to disrupt this manipulation to enhance treatment effectiveness. Our review provides valuable insights for future anti-TB drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Yang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Laiying Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wenliang Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Lung Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Youfu Luo
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Singh S, Barik D, Arukha AP, Prasad S, Mohapatra I, Singh A, Singh G. Small Molecule Targeting Immune Cells: A Novel Approach for Cancer Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2621. [PMID: 37892995 PMCID: PMC10604364 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional and cancer immunotherapies encompass diverse strategies to address various cancer types and stages. However, combining these approaches often encounters limitations such as non-specific targeting, resistance development, and high toxicity, leading to suboptimal outcomes in many cancers. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is orchestrated by intricate interactions between immune and non-immune cells dictating tumor progression. An innovative avenue in cancer therapy involves leveraging small molecules to influence a spectrum of resistant cell populations within the TME. Recent discoveries have unveiled a phenotypically diverse cohort of innate-like T (ILT) cells and tumor hybrid cells (HCs) exhibiting novel characteristics, including augmented proliferation, migration, resistance to exhaustion, evasion of immunosurveillance, reduced apoptosis, drug resistance, and heightened metastasis frequency. Leveraging small-molecule immunomodulators to target these immune players presents an exciting frontier in developing novel tumor immunotherapies. Moreover, combining small molecule modulators with immunotherapy can synergistically enhance the inhibitory impact on tumor progression by empowering the immune system to meticulously fine-tune responses within the TME, bolstering its capacity to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. This review outlines strategies involving small molecules that modify immune cells within the TME, potentially revolutionizing therapeutic interventions and enhancing the anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Debashis Barik
- Center for Computational Natural Science and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad 500032, Telangana, India
| | | | | | - Iteeshree Mohapatra
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Amar Singh
- Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gatikrushna Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Nahm WJ, de Imus G, Mathe CA, Saap L, Joseph S, Chen S, Falanga V. A case of markedly impaired wound repair with angiostatic pazopanib in a patient who had Mohs surgery for a basal cell carcinoma. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231200967. [PMID: 37736143 PMCID: PMC10510339 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231200967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report highlights the adverse effects of pazopanib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor, on wound healing after Mohs surgery. A 79-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the lung, on 600 mg daily pazopanib, underwent Mohs surgery for a nodular basal cell carcinoma on his right leg. Despite multiple wound care strategies, his wound deteriorated over 4 months. Discontinuing pazopanib resulted in rapid wound closure within 2 months. However, metastatic lung nodules grew, prompting treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, which were discontinued due to complications. Near-complete wound healing was observed prior to reintroducing pazopanib (6 months after initial discontinuation), which again led to wound deterioration. Pazopanib negatively impacts wound repair by inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Depending on the malignancy or tumor, cessation of pazopanib, or switching to a course of immune checkpoint inhibitors may be warranted perioperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gail de Imus
- Dermatology and Skin Surgery, Providence Medical Group, Mukilteo, WA, USA
| | - Christopher A Mathe
- California University of Science and Medicine School of Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Stanley Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincent Falanga
- Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Mary Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
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9
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Saltarella I, Altamura C, Campanale C, Laghetti P, Vacca A, Frassanito MA, Desaphy JF. Anti-Angiogenic Activity of Drugs in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071990. [PMID: 37046651 PMCID: PMC10093708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis represents a pivotal hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) that correlates to patients’ prognosis, overall survival, and drug resistance. Hence, several anti-angiogenic drugs that directly target angiogenic cytokines (i.e., monoclonal antibodies, recombinant molecules) or their cognate receptors (i.e., tyrosine kinase inhibitors) have been developed. Additionally, many standard antimyeloma drugs currently used in clinical practice (i.e., immunomodulatory drugs, bisphosphonates, proteasome inhibitors, alkylating agents, glucocorticoids) show anti-angiogenic effects further supporting the importance of inhibiting angiogenesis from potentiating the antimyeloma activity. Here, we review the most important anti-angiogenic therapies used for the management of MM patients with a particular focus on their pharmacological profile and on their anti-angiogenic effect in vitro and in vivo. Despite the promising perspective, the direct targeting of angiogenic cytokines/receptors did not show a great efficacy in MM patients, suggesting the need to a deeper knowledge of the BM angiogenic niche for the design of novel multi-targeting anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Altamura
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Campanale
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Laghetti
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Ma K, Singh G, Wang J, O-Sullivan I, Votta-Velis G, Bruce B, Anbazhagan AN, van Wijnen AJ, Im HJ. Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors as a Therapeutic Strategy for Osteoarthritis and Associated Pain. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:675-690. [PMID: 36632459 PMCID: PMC9830519 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is the major reason that patients suffering from osteoarthritis (OA) seek medical care. We found that vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) mediate signaling in OA pain pathways. To determine the specific contributions of VEGFs and their receptors (VEGFRs) to joint pathology and pain transmission during OA progression, we studied intra-articular (IA) injections of VEGF ligands into murine knee joints. Only VEGF ligands specific for the activation of VEGFR1, but not VEGFR2, induced allodynia within 30 min. Interventions in OA by inhibitors of VEGFRs were done in vivo using a preclinical murine OA model by IA injections of selective inhibitors of VEGFR1/VEGFR2 kinase (pazopanib) or VEGFR2 kinase (vandetanib). OA phenotypes were evaluated using pain-associated murine behavioral tests and histopathologic analyses. Alterations in VEGF/VEGFR signaling by drugs were determined in knee joints, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord by immunofluorescence microscopy. Pazopanib immediately relieved OA pain by interfering with pain transmission pathways. Pain reduction by vandetanib was mainly due to the inhibition of cartilage degeneration by suppressing VEGFR2 expression. In conclusion, IA administration of pazopanib, which simultaneously inhibits VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, can be developed as an ideal OA disease-modifying drug that rapidly reduces joint pain and simultaneously inhibits cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaige Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gurjit Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - InSug O-Sullivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gina Votta-Velis
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin Bruce
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC) at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hee-Jeong Im, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 S. Morgan St, Chicago, IL, USA. E-mail: ; Dr. Andre J. van Wijnen, Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. E-mail address:
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC) at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hee-Jeong Im, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 S. Morgan St, Chicago, IL, USA. E-mail: ; Dr. Andre J. van Wijnen, Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA. E-mail address:
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11
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Long Z, Grandis JR, Johnson DE. Emerging tyrosine kinase inhibitors for head and neck cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2022; 27:333-344. [PMID: 36131561 PMCID: PMC9987561 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2022.2125954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Conventional regimens for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are limited in efficacy and are associated with adverse toxicities. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved molecular targeting agents include the HER1 (EGFR)-directed monoclonal antibody cetuximab and the immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab. However, clinical benefit is only seen in roughly 15-20% of HNSCC patients treated with these agents. New molecular targeting agents are needed that either act with monotherapeutic activity against HNSCC tumors or enhance the activities of current therapies, particularly immunotherapy. Small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent a viable option toward this goal. AREAS COVERED This review provides an update on TKIs currently under investigation in HNSCC. We focus our review on data obtained and trials underway in HNSCC, including salivary gland cancers and nasopharyngeal carcinomas, but excluding thyroid cancer and esophageal cancer. EXPERT OPINION While some emerging TKIs have shown clinical benefit, the positive effects have, largely, been modest. The design of clinical trials of TKIs has been hampered by a lack of understanding of biomarkers that can be used to define patient populations most likely to respond. Further preclinical and translational studies to define biomarkers of TKI response will be critically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Long
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel E. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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12
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Small Molecule Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Advances and Challenges. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175537. [PMID: 36080304 PMCID: PMC9457820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
According to data provided by World Health Organization, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cause of deaths due to cancer worldwide. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the last 10 years developing novel agents for HCC treatment, including small-molecule kinase inhibitors. Several small molecule inhibitors currently form the core of HCC treatment due to their versatility since they would be more easily absorbed and have higher oral bioavailability, thus easier to formulate and administer to patients. In addition, they can be altered structurally to have greater volumes of distribution, allowing them to block extravascular molecular targets and to accumulate in a high concentration in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, they can be designed to have shortened half-lives to control for immune-related adverse events. Most importantly, they would spare patients, healthcare institutions, and society as a whole from the burden of high drug costs. The present review provides an overview of the pharmaceutical compounds that are licensed for HCC treatment and other emerging compounds that are still investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. These molecules are targeting different molecular targets and pathways that are proven to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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13
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Banik A, Sharma R, Chauhan A, Singh S. Cutting the umbilical cord: Cancer stem cell-targeted therapeutics. Life Sci 2022; 299:120502. [PMID: 35351466 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are a notoriously quiescent subpopulation of cells within heterogeneous tumors exhibiting self-renewal, differentiation and drug-resistant capabilities leading to tumor relapse. Heterogeneous cell populations in tumor microenvironment develop an elaborate network of signalling and factors supporting the CSC population within a niche. Identification of specific biomarkers for CSCs facilitates their isolation. CSCs demonstrate abilities that bypass immune surveillance, exhibit resistance to therapy, and induce cancer recurrence while promoting altered metabolism of the bulk tumor, thereby encouraging metastasis. The fight against cancer is prone to relapse without discussing the issue of CSCs, making it imperative for encapsulation of current studies. In this review, we provide extensive knowledge of recent therapeutics developed that target CSCs via multiple signalling cascades, altered metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. Thorough understanding of the functioning of CSCs, their interaction with different cells in the tumor microenvironment as well as current gaps in knowledge are addressed. We present possible strategies to disrupt the cellular and molecular interplay within the tumor microenvironment and make it less conducive for CSCs, which may aid in their eradication with subsequently better treatment outcomes. In conclusion, we discuss a brief yet functional idea of emerging concepts in CSC biology to develop efficient therapeutics acting on cancer recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Banik
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Chinna Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Rishika Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Akansha Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Sandhya Singh
- Amity Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.
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14
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Prasad CB, Singh D, Pandey LK, Pradhan S, Singh S, Narayan G. VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine and paracrine signaling promotes cervical carcinogenesis via β-catenin and snail. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 142:106122. [PMID: 34826615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
VEGF secretion into the tumor microenvironment by cancer cells regulates several oncogenic signaling pathways and cancer-regulated angiogenesis. VEGFR receptors are exclusively present on endothelial cells to maintain their biological homeostasis. The acquisition of unique VEGFR2 receptor and VEGFa in cervical cancer (CC) cells reflects VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine machinery. Given the critical role of VEGFR2 in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, we explored its function in CC epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. Here we report that VEGFR2 regulates cancer-induced angiogenesis and EMT-linked stemness in CC cells via AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and Snail pathway. Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (RTKi) of VEGFR, Pazopanib (PAZ), shows potential anti-VEGFR2 activity and inhibits VEGFa induced metastatic events such as migration, invasion, and anoikis resistance in CC cells. Similarly, PAZ also attenuates cancer-regulated angiogenesis by inhibiting VE-cadherin internalization in endothelial cells followed by inhibition of endothelial cell migration. Selective depletion of VEGFR2 ligand VEGFa in CC cells also attenuates EMT, metastatic events, and inhibition of cancer-induced angiogenesis. In addition, blocking of VEGFR2 signaling in CC cells via PAZ or shRNA alters the formation of cervical tumorspheres (TS) and their successive generation. Collectively, inhibition of functional VEGFa/VEGFR2 autocrine and paracrine axis ceases the cancer-promoting events in cervical cancer cells. Based on the finding in this study, this oncogenic pathways could be used as a potential therapeutic target in a clinical setting with conventional radio-chemotherapy to achieve synergistic killing of CC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Bhushan Prasad
- Cancer Genetics Lab, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Cancer Genetics Lab, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Laxmi Kant Pandey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Satyajit Pradhan
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, Institute of Medical sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sunita Singh
- Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Cancer Genetics Lab, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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15
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Kummar S, Srivastava AK, Navas T, Cecchi F, Lee YH, Bottaro DP, Park SR, Do KT, Jeong W, Johnson BC, Voth AR, Rubinstein L, Wright JJ, Parchment RE, Doroshow JH, Chen AP. Combination therapy with pazopanib and tivantinib modulates VEGF and c-MET levels in refractory advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1577-1586. [PMID: 34180036 PMCID: PMC8541958 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01138-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET signaling pathways act synergistically to promote angiogenesis. Studies indicate VEGF inhibition leads to increased levels of phosphorylated c-MET, bypassing VEGF-mediated angiogenesis and leading to chemoresistance. We conducted a phase 1 clinical trial with 32 patients with refractory solid tumors to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of combinations of VEGF-targeting pazopanib and the putative c-MET inhibitor ARQ197 (tivantinib) at 5 dose levels (DLs). Patients either took pazopanib and tivantinib from treatment initiation (escalation phase) or pazopanib alone for 7 days, with paired tumor sampling, prior to starting combination treatment (expansion phase). Hypertension was the most common adverse event. No more than 1 dose limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred at any DL, so the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was not determined; DL5 (800 mg pazopanib daily and 360 mg tivantinib BID) was used during the expansion phase. Twenty of 31 evaluable patients achieved stable disease lasting up to 22 cycles. Circulating VEGF, VEGFR2, HGF, and c-MET levels were assessed, and only VEGF levels increased. Tumor c-MET levels (total and phosphorylated) were determined in paired biopsies before and after 7 days of pazopanib treatment. Total intact c-MET decreased in 6 of 7 biopsy pairs, in contrast to previously reported c-MET elevation in response to VEGF inhibition. These results are discussed in the context of our previously reported analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaani Kummar
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Apurva K Srivastava
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Tony Navas
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
- Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Fabiola Cecchi
- Urologic Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, NIH, 20892, USA
- AstraZeneca, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Young H Lee
- Urologic Oncology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, NIH, 20892, USA
- Altimmune, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | | | - Sook Ryun Park
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea
| | - Khanh T Do
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Woondong Jeong
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Millennium Physicians, Tomball, TX, 77375, USA
| | - Barry C Johnson
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrea R Voth
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Larry Rubinstein
- Biostatistics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John J Wright
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ralph E Parchment
- Clinical Pharmacodynamics Biomarkers Program, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alice P Chen
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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16
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Yadav AK, Jang BC. Inhibition of Lipid Accumulation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Differentiating 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes by Pazopanib, a Multikinase Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094884. [PMID: 34063048 PMCID: PMC8125232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is a multikinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. As of now, the anti-obesity effect and mode of action of pazopanib are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of pazopanib on lipid accumulation, lipolysis, and expression of inflammatory cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in differentiating and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, a murine preadipocyte. Of note, pazopanib at 10 µM markedly decreased lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) content during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, pazopanib inhibited not only expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and perilipin A but also phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. In addition, pazopanib treatment increased phosphorylation of cAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream effector ACC during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. However, in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, pazopanib treatment did not stimulate glycerol release and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation, hallmarks of lipolysis. Moreover, pazopanib could inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced expression of COX-2 in both 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and differentiated cells. In summary, this is the first report that pazopanib has strong anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in 3T3-L1 cells, which are mediated through regulation of the expression and phosphorylation of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ, STAT-3, ACC, perilipin A, AMPK, and COX-2.
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17
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Michigami M, Takahashi K, Yamashita H, Ye Z, Nakase I, Fujii I. A "ligand-targeting" peptide-drug conjugate: Targeted intracellular drug delivery by VEGF-binding helix-loop-helix peptides via receptor-mediated endocytosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247045. [PMID: 33630870 PMCID: PMC7906330 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a new alternative to antibody-drug conjugates, we generated “ligand-targeting” peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs), which utilize receptor-mediated endocytosis for targeted intracellular drug delivery. The PDC makes a complex with an extracellular ligand and then binds to the receptor on the cell surface to stimulate intracellular uptake via the endocytic pathway. A helix-loop-helix (HLH) peptide was designed as the drug carrier and randomized to give a conformationally constrained peptide library. The phage-displayed library was screened against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to yield the binding peptide M49, which exhibited strong binding affinity (KD = 0.87 nM). The confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed that peptide M49 formed a ternary complex with VEGF and its receptor, which was then internalized into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via VEGF receptor-mediated endocytosis. The backbone-cyclized peptide M49K was conjugated with a drug, monomethyl auristatin E, to afford a PDC, which inhibited VEGF-induced HUVEC proliferation. HLH peptides and their PDCs have great potential as a new modality for targeted molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Michigami
- Department of Biological Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruna Yamashita
- Department of Biological Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department of Biological Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikuo Fujii
- Department of Biological Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Chen WC, Hu G, Hazlehurst LA. Contribution of the bone marrow stromal cells in mediating drug resistance in hematopoietic tumors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2020; 54:36-43. [PMID: 32898723 PMCID: PMC7770000 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) provides input via production of cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrixes in the context of lower oxygen levels that influences self-renewal, survival, differentiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance of multiple myeloma and leukemic cells. Within the context of the BMM, tumor cells are supported by osteoblasts, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), fibroblasts, myeloid cells, endothelial cells and blood vessels, as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) that contribute to tumor progression. Environmental mediated-drug resistance (EM-DR) contains cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) and soluble factor-mediated drug resistance (SM-DR) that contributes to de novo drug resistance. In this review, we focus on the crosstalk between the BMM and tumor cells as well as mechanisms underlying the BMM contributing to drug resistance in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA; Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
| | - Lori A Hazlehurst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA; Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
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19
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Pazopanib and Trametinib as a Synergistic Strategy against Osteosarcoma: Preclinical Activity and Molecular Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061519. [PMID: 32531992 PMCID: PMC7352822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) inhibitors’ activity in advanced osteosarcoma is significant but short-lived. To prevent or at least delay drug resistance, we explored a vertical inhibition by combining drugs acting at different levels of the RTK pathways (pazopanib + trametinib). We studied pazopanib + trametinib antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo (MNNG-HOS and KHOS xenografts in NOD/SCID mice) investigating the molecular mechanisms and potential escapes. The involvement of MAPK-PI3K pathways was validated by Nanostring technology, western blot and by silencing/overexpression experiments. Pazopanib targets were expressed on seven osteosarcoma cell lines and their pathways were activated. Pazopanib + trametinib exhibited synergistic antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting ERK1/2 and Akt. In vivo antitumor activity was shown in osteosarcoma-bearing mice. The drug combination significantly down-modulated RTK Ephrin Type-A Receptor 2 (EphA2) and Interleukin-7 Receptor (IL-7R), whereas induced mitogen-activated protein-kinase kinase (MAPKK) MEK6. EphA2 silencing significantly reduced osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration, while impeding MEK6 up-regulation in the treated cells significantly increased the antitumor effect of the studied drugs. Moreover, the up-regulation of MEK6 reduced combination activity. Pazopanib + trametinib demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects in osteosarcoma models through ERK and Akt inhibition and EphA2 and IL-7R down-modulation. MEK6 up-regulation might evoke escaping mechanism.
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20
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Ria R, Melaccio A, Racanelli V, Vacca A. Anti-VEGF Drugs in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1765. [PMID: 32517267 PMCID: PMC7355441 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the bone marrow microenvironment and plasma cells plays an essential role in multiple myeloma progression and drug resistance. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) pathway in vascular endothelial cells activates and promotes angiogenesis. Moreover, VEGF activates and promotes vasculogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry when it interacts with VEGF receptors expressed in precursor cells and inflammatory cells, respectively. In myeloma bone marrow, VEGF and VEGF receptor expression are upregulated and hyperactive in the stromal and tumor cells. It has been demonstrated that several antiangiogenic agents can effectively target VEGF-related pathways in the preclinical phase. However, they are not successful in treating multiple myeloma, probably due to the vicarious action of other cytokines and signaling pathways. Thus, the simultaneous blocking of multiple cytokine pathways, including the VEGF/VEGFR pathway, may represent a valid strategy to treat multiple myeloma. This review aims to summarize recent advances in understanding the role of the VEGF/VEGFR pathway in multiple myeloma, and mainly focuses on the transcription pathway and on strategies that target this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.); (V.R.); (A.V.)
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Westerdijk K, Desar IME, Steeghs N, van der Graaf WTA, van Erp NP. Imatinib, sunitinib and pazopanib: From flat-fixed dosing towards a pharmacokinetically guided personalized dose. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 86:258-273. [PMID: 31782166 PMCID: PMC7015742 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are anti‐cancer drugs that target tyrosine kinases, enzymes that are involved in multiple cellular processes. Currently, multiple oral TKIs have been introduced in the treatment of solid tumours, all administered in a fixed dose, although large interpatient pharmacokinetic (PK) variability is described. For imatinib, sunitinib and pazopanib exposure‐treatment outcome (efficacy and toxicity) relationships have been established and therapeutic windows have been defined, therefore dose optimization based on the measured blood concentration, called therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), can be valuable in increasing efficacy and reducing the toxicity of these drugs. In this review, an overview of the current knowledge on TDM guided individualized dosing of imatinib, sunitinib and pazopanib for the treatment of solid tumours is presented. We summarize preclinical and clinical data that have defined thresholds for efficacy and toxicity. Furthermore, PK models and factors that influence the PK of these drugs which partly explain the interpatient PK variability are summarized. Finally, pharmacological interventions that have been performed to optimize plasma concentrations are described. Based on current literature, we advise which methods should be used to optimize exposure to imatinib, sunitinib and pazopanib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Westerdijk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M E Desar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Neeltje Steeghs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nielka P van Erp
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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22
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Spagnuolo A, Palazzolo G, Sementa C, Gridelli C. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:491-506. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2020.1713092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Spagnuolo
- Division of Medical Oncology, ‘S. G. Moscati’ Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | - G Palazzolo
- Division of Medical Oncology, “ULSS 15 Cittadella”, Cittadella, Padova, Italy
| | - C Sementa
- Division of Legal Medicine, ‘S. G. Moscati’ Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | - C Gridelli
- Division of Medical Oncology, ‘S. G. Moscati’ Hospital, Avellino, Italy
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Stamati K, Redondo PA, Nyga A, Neves JB, Tran MGB, Emberton M, Cheema U, Loizidou M. The anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor Pazopanib kills cancer cells and disrupts endothelial networks in biomimetic three-dimensional renal tumouroids. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420920597. [PMID: 32489578 PMCID: PMC7238304 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420920597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat renal cell carcinoma. Few in vitro studies investigate its effects towards cancer cells or endothelial cells in the presence of cancer. We tested the effect of Pazopanib on renal cell carcinoma cells (CAKI-2,786-O) in two-dimensional and three-dimensional tumouroids made of dense extracellular matrix, treated in normoxia and hypoxia. Finally, we engineered complex tumouroids with a stromal compartment containing fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Simple CAKI-2 tumouroids were more resistant to Pazopanib than 786-O tumouroids. Under hypoxia, while the more 'resistant' CAKI-2 tumouroids showed no decrease in viability, 786-O tumouroids required higher Pazopanib concentrations to induce cell death. In complex tumouroids, Pazopanib exposure led to a reduction in the overall cell viability (p < 0.0001), disruption of endothelial networks and direct killing of renal cell carcinoma cells. We report a biomimetic multicellular tumouroid for drug testing, suitable for agents whose primary target is not confined to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Stamati
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
| | - Patricia A Redondo
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
| | - Agata Nyga
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
| | - Joana B Neves
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
- Specialist Centre for Kidney Cancer,
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Maxine GB Tran
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
- Specialist Centre for Kidney Cancer,
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark Emberton
- Research Department of Targeted
Intervention, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
- Department of Urology, University
College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Umber Cheema
- Research Department of Targeted
Intervention, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Research Department of Surgical
Biotechnology, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College
London, London, UK
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24
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Zhong S, Jeong JH, Chen Z, Chen Z, Luo JL. Targeting Tumor Microenvironment by Small-Molecule Inhibitors. Transl Oncol 2019; 13:57-69. [PMID: 31785429 PMCID: PMC6909103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a hypoxic, acidic, and immune/inflammatory cell–enriched milieu that plays crucial roles in tumor development, growth, progression, and therapy resistance. Targeting TME is an attractive strategy for the treatment of solid tumors. Conventional cancer chemotherapies are mostly designed to directly kill cancer cells, and the effectiveness is always compromised by their penetration and accessibility to cancer cells. Small-molecule inhibitors, which exhibit good penetration and accessibility, are widely studied, and many of them have been successfully applied in clinics for cancer treatment. As TME is more penetrable and accessible than tumor cells, a lot of efforts have recently been made to generate small-molecule inhibitors that specifically target TME or the components of TME or develop special drug-delivery systems that release the cytotoxic drugs specifically in TME. In this review, we briefly summarize the recent advances of small-molecule inhibitors that target TME for the tumor treatment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is an indispensable part of tumor and is an important therapeutic target. TME is more penetrable and accessible than tumor cell area. Small-molecule inhibitors that target TME are very promising. The target efficiency can be improved by specific deliver and release systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei Zhong
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Ji-Hak Jeong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Zhikang Chen
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Zihua Chen
- The Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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Xu WF, Liu F, Ma YC, Qian ZR, Shi L, Mu H, Ding F, Fu XQ, Li XH. Baicalin Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Invasion in Mesothelioma. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8172-8180. [PMID: 31670317 PMCID: PMC6844144 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Baicalin, one of the main bioactive components extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine baical Skullcap root, has an anti-tumor activity which had been studied in several cancers. However, its role in human mesothelioma remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor mechanisms of baicalin in the mesothelioma cell line MESO924. Material/Methods Effects of baicalin on mesothelioma were assessed by measuring cell viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, inactivation of signaling intermediates, and cell-cycle alterations. Results Baicalin inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human mesothelioma cells and increased their apoptosis, all in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, baicalin decreased the expression of p-EGFR, p-AKT, p-MAPK, p-S6, Bcl-2, and VEGF and increased the expression of Bax in mesothelioma cells. The suppressed mesothelioma cellular proliferation is due to the arrest of the S cell cycle by baicalin. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by a PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor augmented the anti-proliferation effects induced by baicalin. In addition, baicalin increased the sensitivity of MESO924 to the chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin, cisplatin, and pemetrexed. Conclusions These results highlight the roles of baicalin in inhibiting cell growth, migration, and invasion of mesothelioma cells while increasing apoptosis and sensitizing cells to chemotherapeutic agents through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which indicates that baicalin could be a useful drug for mesothelioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fei Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yi-Cong Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Rong Qian
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Long Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hang Mu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Ding
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xue-Qi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Mossenta M, Busato D, Baboci L, Cintio FD, Toffoli G, Bo MD. New Insight into Therapies Targeting Angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1086. [PMID: 31370258 PMCID: PMC6721310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy characterized by neoangiogenesis that is determined by an augmented production of proangiogenesis factors by tumor and adjacent cells. This unbalanced angiogenesis process is a key feature of HCC carcinogenesis and progression. Proangiogenic factors also have a relevant role in the generation and maintenance of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Several therapeutic options for HCC treatment are based on the inhibition of angiogenesis, both in the early/intermediate stages of the disease and in the late stages of the disease. Conventional treatment options employing antiangiogenic approaches provide for the starving of tumors of their blood supply to avoid the refueling of oxygen and nutrients. An emerging alternative point of view is the normalization of vasculature leading to enhance tumor perfusion and oxygenation, potentially capable, when proposed in combination with other treatments, to improve delivery and efficacy of other therapies, including immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. The introduction of novel biomarkers can be useful for the definition of the most appropriate dose and scheduling for these combination treatment approaches. The present review provides a wide description of the pharmaceutical compounds with an antiangiogenic effect proposed for HCC treatment and investigated in clinical trials, including antibodies and small-molecule kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Mossenta
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Busato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorena Baboci
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Federica Di Cintio
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
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27
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Kim IW, Kim JH, Oh JM. Screening of Drug Repositioning Candidates for Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:661. [PMID: 31396486 PMCID: PMC6664029 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Most prostate cancers (PCs) initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but eventually many PC patients develop castration resistant PC (CRPC). Currently, available drugs that have been approved for the treatment of CRPC patients are limited. Computational drug repositioning methods using public databases represent a promising and efficient tool for discovering new uses for existing drugs. The purpose of the present study is to predict drug candidates that can treat CRPC using a computational method that integrates publicly available gene expression data of tumors from CRPC patients, drug-induced gene expression data and drug response activity data. Methods: Gene expression data from tumoral and normal or benign prostate tissue samples in CRPC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRPC were determined with a meta-signature analysis by a metaDE R package. Additionally, drug activity data were downloaded from the ChEMBL database. Furthermore, the drug-induced gene expression data were downloaded from the LINCS database. The reversal relationship between the CRPC and drug gene expression signatures as the Reverse Gene Expression Scores (RGES) were computed. Drug candidates to treat CRPC were predicted using summarized scores (sRGES). Additionally, synergic effects of drug combinations were predicted with a Target Inhibition interaction using the Minimization and Maximization Averaging (TIMMA) algorithm. Results: The drug candidates of sorafenib, olaparib, elesclomol, tanespimycin, and ponatinib were predicted to be active for the treatment of CRPC. Meanwhile, CRPC-related genes, in this case MYL9, E2F2, APOE, and ZFP36, were identified as having gene expression data that can be reversed by these drugs. Additionally, lenalidomide in combination with pazopanib was predicted to be most potent for CRPC. Conclusion: These findings support the use of a computational reversal gene expression approach to identify new drug and drug combination candidates that can be used to treat CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Wha Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jung Mi Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Malapelle U, Rossi A. Emerging angiogenesis inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2019; 24:71-81. [DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2019.1619696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Malapelle
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy
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29
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Lee ATJ, Jones RL, Huang PH. Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:16. [PMID: 31123606 PMCID: PMC6522548 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pazopanib is the first and only tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of multiple histological subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Initially developed as a small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, preclinical work indicates that pazopanib exerts an anticancer effect through the inhibition of both angiogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways. Following the establishment of optimal dosing and safety profiles in early phase studies and approval for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, pazopanib was investigated in STS. A landmark phase III randomized study demonstrated improved progression-free survival with pazopanib compared to that with placebo in pretreated patients with STS of various subtypes. The efficacy of pazopanib in specific STS subtypes has been further described in real-world-based case series in both mixed and subtype-specific STS cohorts. At present, there are no clinically validated predictive biomarkers for use in selecting patients with advanced STS for pazopanib therapy, limiting the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the drug. In this review, we summarize the preclinical and clinical data for pazopanib, outline the evidence base for its effect in STS and explore reported studies that have investigated putative biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T. J. Lee
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robin L. Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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30
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Wang G, Sun M, Jiang Y, Zhang T, Sun W, Wang H, Yin F, Wang Z, Sang W, Xu J, Mao M, Zuo D, Zhou Z, Wang C, Fu Z, Wang Z, Duan Z, Hua Y, Cai Z. Anlotinib, a novel small molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses growth and metastasis
via
dual blockade of VEGFR2 and MET in osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:979-993. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Mengxiong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Yafei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Weilin Sang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Dongqing Zuo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Chongren Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zeze Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zongyi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of OrthopaedicsDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute Shanghai China
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31
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Qiao Z, Kondo T. Screening of a growth inhibitor library of sarcoma cell lines to identify potent anti-cancer drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2198/jelectroph.63.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Qiao
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Tadashi Kondo
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute
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32
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Sang CY, Qin WW, Zhang XJ, Xu Y, Ma YZ, Wang XR, Hui L, Chen SW. Synthesis and identification of 2,4-bisanilinopyrimidines bearing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl as potential Aurora A inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:65-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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33
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Zarfati M, Avivi I, Brenner B, Katz T, Aharon A. Extracellular vesicles of multiple myeloma cells utilize the proteasome inhibitor mechanism to moderate endothelial angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2018; 22:185-196. [PMID: 30386953 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9649-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow microenvironment is known to support angiogenesis, thus contributing to progression of multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor (PI) widely used in MM treatment, has anti-angiogenic activity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), shedding from cell surface, serve as mediators in cell-to-cell communication. We have hypothesized that MM cells (MMCs) treated with bortezomib generate EVs that could diminish angiogenesis, thus limiting MM progression. In the present study, EVs were obtained from MMCs (RPMI-8226), untreated (naïve) or pre-treated with bortezomib. EVs were outlined using NanoSight, FACS, protein arrays and proteasome activity assays. The impact of MMC-EVs on endothelial cell (EC) functions was assessed, employing XTT assay, Boyden chamber and Western blot. A high apoptosis level (annexin V binding 70.25 ± 16.37%) was observed in MMCs following exposure to bortezomib. Compared to naïve EVs, a large proportion of bortezomib-induced EVs (Bi-EVs) were bigger in size (> 300 nm), with higher levels of annexin V binding (p = 0.0043).They also differed in content, presenting with increased levels of pro-inflammatory proteins, reduced levels of pro-angiogenic growth factors (VEGFA, PDGF-BB, angiogenin), and displayed lower proteasome activity. Naïve EVs were found to promote EC migration and proliferation via ERK1/2 and JNK1/2/3 phosphorylation, whereas Bi-EVs inhibited these functions. Moreover, Bi-EVs appeared to reduce EC proteasome activity. EVs released from apoptotic MMCs following treatment with bortezomib can promote angiogenesis suppression by decreasing proliferation and migration of EC. These activities are found to be mediated by specific signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Zarfati
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Irit Avivi
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, 7, Ha'Aliya St., Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Benjamin Brenner
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, 7, Ha'Aliya St., Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Tami Katz
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, 7, Ha'Aliya St., Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Anat Aharon
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. .,Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, 7, Ha'Aliya St., Haifa, 3109601, Israel.
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34
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Walton EM, Cronan MR, Cambier CJ, Rossi A, Marass M, Foglia MD, Brewer WJ, Poss KD, Stainier DYR, Bertozzi CR, Tobin DM. Cyclopropane Modification of Trehalose Dimycolate Drives Granuloma Angiogenesis and Mycobacterial Growth through Vegf Signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:514-525.e6. [PMID: 30308157 PMCID: PMC6201760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterial infection leads to the formation of characteristic immune aggregates called granulomas, a process accompanied by dramatic remodeling of the host vasculature. As granuloma angiogenesis favors the infecting mycobacteria, it may be actively promoted by bacterial determinants during infection. Using Mycobacterium marinum-infected zebrafish as a model, we identify the enzyme proximal cyclopropane synthase of alpha-mycolates (PcaA) as an important bacterial determinant of granuloma-associated angiogenesis. cis-Cyclopropanation of mycobacterial mycolic acids by pcaA drives the activation of host Vegf signaling within granuloma macrophages. Cyclopropanation of the mycobacterial cell wall glycolipid trehalose dimycolate is both required and sufficient to induce robust host angiogenesis. Inducible genetic inhibition of angiogenesis and Vegf signaling during granuloma formation results in bacterial growth deficits. Together, these data reveal a mechanism by which PcaA-mediated cis-cyclopropanation of mycolic acids promotes bacterial growth and dissemination in vivo by eliciting granuloma vascularization and suggest potential approaches for host-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Walton
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark R Cronan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - C J Cambier
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Michele Marass
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Matthew D Foglia
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - W Jared Brewer
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kenneth D Poss
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David M Tobin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Grillo F, Florio T, Ferraù F, Kara E, Fanciulli G, Faggiano A, Colao A. Emerging multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R453-R466. [PMID: 29769293 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, the therapeutic approach for neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has changed dramatically following the approval of several novel targeted treatments. The multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (MTKI), sunitinib malate, has been approved by Regulatory Agencies in pancreatic NENs. The MTKI class, however, includes several other molecules (approved for other conditions), which are currently being studied in NENs. An in-depth review on the studies published on the MTKIs in neuroendocrine tumors such as axitinib, cabozantinib, famitinib, lenvatinib, nintedanib, pazopanib, sorafenib and sulfatinib was performed. Furthermore, we extensively searched on the Clinical Trial Registries databases worldwide, in order to collect information on the ongoing clinical trials related to this topic. Our systematic analysis on emerging MTKIs in the treatment of gastroenteropancreatic and lung NENs identifies in vitro and in vivo studies, which demonstrate anti-tumor activity of diverse MTKIs on neuroendocrine cells and tumors. Moreover, for the first time in the literature, we report an updated view concerning the upcoming clinical trials in this field: presently, phase I, II and III clinical trials are ongoing and will include, overall, a staggering 1667 patients. This fervid activity underlines the increasing interest of the scientific community in the use of emerging MTKIs in NEN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Grillo
- Pathology UnitDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCSGenova, Italy
| | - Tullio Florio
- Pharmacology UnitDepartment of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferraù
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and ChildhoodUniversity of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elda Kara
- Unit of EndocrinologyMetabolism, Diabetology and Nutrition, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanciulli
- Neuroendocrine Tumours UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari - AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
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Ribatti D, Vacca A. New Insights in Anti-Angiogenesis in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072031. [PMID: 30002349 PMCID: PMC6073492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a constant hallmark of multiple myeloma (MM) progression and involves direct production of angiogenic cytokines by plasma cells and their induction within the bone marrow microenvironment. This article summarizes the more recent literature data concerning the employment of anti-angiogenic therapeutic agents actually used in preclinical models and clinical settings for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy.
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Lath DL, Buckle CH, Evans HR, Fisher M, Down JM, Lawson MA, Chantry AD. ARQ-197, a small-molecule inhibitor of c-Met, reduces tumour burden and prevents myeloma-induced bone disease in vivo. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199517. [PMID: 29924867 PMCID: PMC6010293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, its ligand HGF, and components of the downstream signalling pathway, have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of myeloma, both as modulators of plasma cell proliferation and as agents driving osteoclast differentiation and osteoblast inhibition thus, all these contribute substantially to the bone destruction typically caused by myeloma. Patients with elevated levels of HGF have a poor prognosis, therefore, targeting these entities in such patients may be of substantial benefit. We hypothesized that ARQ-197 (Tivantinib), a small molecule c-Met inhibitor, would reduce myeloma cell growth and prevent myeloma-associated bone disease in a murine model. In vitro we assessed the effects of ARQ-197 on myeloma cell proliferation, cytotoxicity and c-Met protein expression in human myeloma cell lines. In vivo we injected NOD/SCID-γ mice with PBS (non-tumour bearing) or JJN3 cells and treated them with either ARQ-197 or vehicle. In vitro exposure of JJN3, U266 or NCI-H929 cells to ARQ-197 resulted in a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and an induction of cell death by necrosis, probably caused by significantly reduced levels of phosphorylated c-Met. In vivo ARQ-197 treatment of JJN3 tumour-bearing mice resulted in a significant reduction in tumour burden, tumour cell proliferation, bone lesion number, trabecular bone loss and prevented significant decreases in the bone formation rate on the cortico-endosteal bone surface compared to the vehicle group. However, no significant differences on bone parameters were observed in non-tumour mice treated with ARQ-197 compared to vehicle, implying that in tumour-bearing mice the effects of ARQ-197 on bone cells was indirect. In summary, these res ults suggest that ARQ-197 could be a promising therapeutic in myeloma patients, leading to both a reduction in tumour burden and an inhibition of myeloma-induced bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren L. Lath
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Clive H. Buckle
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Holly R. Evans
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Fisher
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny M. Down
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle A. Lawson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Chantry
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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38
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Alimbetov D, Askarova S, Umbayev B, Davis T, Kipling D. Pharmacological Targeting of Cell Cycle, Apoptotic and Cell Adhesion Signaling Pathways Implicated in Chemoresistance of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061690. [PMID: 29882812 PMCID: PMC6032165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs target a physiological differentiating feature of cancer cells as they tend to actively proliferate more than normal cells. They have well-known side-effects resulting from the death of highly proliferative normal cells in the gut and immune system. Cancer treatment has changed dramatically over the years owing to rapid advances in oncology research. Developments in cancer therapies, namely surgery, radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy and selective treatment methods due to better understanding of tumor characteristics, have significantly increased cancer survival. However, many chemotherapeutic regimes still fail, with 90% of the drug failures in metastatic cancer treatment due to chemoresistance, as cancer cells eventually develop resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Chemoresistance is caused through genetic mutations in various proteins involved in cellular mechanisms such as cell cycle, apoptosis and cell adhesion, and targeting those mechanisms could improve outcomes of cancer therapy. Recent developments in cancer treatment are focused on combination therapy, whereby cells are sensitized to chemotherapeutic agents using inhibitors of target pathways inducing chemoresistance thus, hopefully, overcoming the problems of drug resistance. In this review, we discuss the role of cell cycle, apoptosis and cell adhesion in cancer chemoresistance mechanisms, possible drugs to target these pathways and, thus, novel therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dauren Alimbetov
- Laboratory of bioengineering and regenerative medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Z05H0P9 Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Sholpan Askarova
- Laboratory of bioengineering and regenerative medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Z05H0P9 Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- Laboratory of bioengineering and regenerative medicine, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave, Z05H0P9 Astana, Kazakhstan.
| | - Terence Davis
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - David Kipling
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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Kiyuna T, Murakami T, Tome Y, Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, Miyake K, Miyake M, Li Y, Nelson SD, Dry SM, Singh AS, Russell TA, Singh SR, Kanaya F, Eilber FC, Hoffman RM. Doxorubicin-resistant pleomorphic liposarcoma with PDGFRA gene amplification is targeted and regressed by pazopanib in a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Tissue Cell 2018; 53:30-36. [PMID: 30060824 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) is a heterogeneous resistant group of tumors. Complete surgical resection is the only known way to treat PLPS. PLPS is reristant to both radiation and chemotherapy. Therefore, precise individualized therapy is needed to improve outcome of advanced PLPS patients. In this study, a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model of a PDGFRA-amplified PLPS was established in the biceps femoris of nude mice by surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) in order to match the patient. The PLPS PDOX was treated with pazopanib (PAZ) which targets PDGFRA, as well as with temozolomide (TEM) and first-line therapy doxorubicin (DOX). The PLPS PDOX was resistant to DOX and responded very well to PAZ as well as TEM. The tumor volume on treatment day-14 relative to day-1 was as follows: DOX (4.50 ± 2.6, p = 0.8087); PAZ (1.29 ± 0.9, p = 0.0008 compared to the control, p = 0.0167 compared to DOX); TEM (1.07 ± 0.8, p = 0.0079 compared to the control, p = 0.0079 compared to DOX). There was no significant difference in body weight between any treated group or control. The PAZ- and TEM-treated tumors showed extensive necrosis compared to the DOX-treated and untreated PDOX tumors. The present study showed that PDGFRA amplification could be effectively targeted by PAZ. The PLPS PDOX model also identified the efficacy of TEM which does not target PDGFRA, indicating that the PDOX model can identify effective targeted therapy as well as standard therapy and at the same time, identify ineffective drugs, even if they are first-line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Kiyuna
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Murakami
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yasunori Tome
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Igarashi
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kei Kawaguchi
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kentaro Miyake
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Masuyo Miyake
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott D Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah M Dry
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arun S Singh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tara A Russell
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shree Ram Singh
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Fuminori Kanaya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Fritz C Eilber
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer Inc., San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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40
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Abramson HN. Kinase inhibitors as potential agents in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81926-81968. [PMID: 27655636 PMCID: PMC5348443 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of therapeutic options available for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) - from immunomodulating agents to proteasome inhibitors to histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and, most recently, monoclonal antibodies. Used in conjunction with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, these modalities have nearly doubled the disease's five-year survival rate over the last three decades to about 50%. In spite of these advances, MM still is considered incurable as resistance and relapse are common. While small molecule protein kinase inhibitors have made inroads in the therapy of a number of cancers, to date their application to MM has been less than successful. Focusing on MM, this review examines the roles played by a number of kinases in driving the malignant state and the rationale for target development in the design of a number of kinase inhibitors that have demonstrated anti-myeloma activity in both in vitro and in vivo xenograph models, as well as those that have entered clinical trials. Among the targets and their inhibitors examined are receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases, cell cycle control kinases, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway kinases, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase, casein kinase, integrin-linked kinase, sphingosine kinase, and kinases involved in the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanley N Abramson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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41
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Wang F, Li H, Markovsky E, Glass R, de Stanchina E, Powell SN, Schwartz GK, Haimovitz-Friedman A. Pazopanib radio-sensitization of human sarcoma tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9311-9324. [PMID: 29507692 PMCID: PMC5823639 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data in our laboratory indicate that engagement of host-derived microenvironmental elements impact tumor response to single high dose radiation therapy (SDRT). In these studies we showed that microvascular endothelial damage plays a critical role in tumor response as regulator of direct lethal damage of SDRT. Using a genetic model of Acid Sphingomyelinase (ASMase)-deficient mice we showed that activation of this enzyme by SDRT-induced damage in the endothelium is mandatory for tumor cure. ASMase activation triggers ceramide-mediated apoptosis, and therein microvascular dysfunction, which increased the vulnerability of tumor cells to lethal damage by radiation. Angiogenic factors repressed this activity while a monoclonal antibody targeting VEGF, de-repressed ASMase activity and radiosensitized tumor endothelium when delivered immediately prior to SDRT. In this study, we tested the effect of SDRT in combination with the short-acting anti-angiogenic agent, Pazopanib (anti-VEGFR-1/2/3, PDGF-α/β and c-kit), in two xenograft models of human sarcoma. Pre-treatment with a single dose of Pazopanib increased SDRT-induced ASMase activity and endothelial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo, enhancing SDRT tumor cure, and exhibiting critical dependence on timing relative to SDRT exposure, suggesting a mechanism of action identical to that demonstrated for anti-VEGF/VEGFR2 antibodies. These results demonstrate the ability of Pazopanib to shift the response towards tumor cure and could therefore have a significant impact on clinical trial development in combination with SDRT for sarcoma cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Current address: Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ela Markovsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryan Glass
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Anti-Tumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon N Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Endothelial progenitor cells in multiple myeloma neovascularization: a brick to the wall. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:443-462. [PMID: 28840415 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the clonal expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow that leads to events such as bone destruction, anaemia and renal failure. Despite the several therapeutic options available, there is still no effective cure, and the standard survival is up to 4 years. The evolution from the asymptomatic stage of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to MM and the progression of the disease itself are related to cellular and molecular alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment, including the development of the vasculature. Post-natal vasculogenesis is characterized by the recruitment to the tumour vasculature of bone marrow progenitors, known as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which incorporate newly forming blood vessels and differentiate into endothelial cells. Several processes related to EPCs, such as recruitment, mobilization, adhesion and differentiation, are tightly controlled by cells and molecules in the bone marrow microenvironment. In this review, the bone marrow microenvironment and the mechanisms associated to the development of the neovasculature promoted by EPCs are discussed in detail in both a non-pathological scenario and in MM. The latest developments in therapy targeting the vasculature and EPCs in MM are also highlighted. The identification and characterization of the pathways relevant to the complex setting of MM are of utter importance to identify not only biomarkers for an early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring, but also to reveal intervention targets for more effective therapy directed to cancer cells and the endothelial mediators relevant to neovasculature development.
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43
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Bhattacharya R, Fan F, Wang R, Ye X, Xia L, Boulbes D, Ellis LM. Intracrine VEGF signalling mediates colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:848-855. [PMID: 28742793 PMCID: PMC5589988 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs) are key regulators of angiogenesis, affecting endothelial cell survival and function. However, the effect of VEGF-VEGFR signalling on tumour cell function is not well understood. Our previous studies in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells have demonstrated an intracrine VEGF/VEGFR1 signalling mechanism that mediates CRC cell survival and chemo-sensitivity. Since extracellular VEGF signalling regulates migration of endothelial cells and various tumour cells, we attempted to determine whether intracrine VEGF signalling affects CRC cell motility. Methods: Migration and invasion of CRC cells, with and without VEGF or VEGFR1 depletion, were assayed using transwell migration chambers. Changes in cell morphology, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and markers of cell motility were assessed by immunostaining and western blot. Results: Depletion of intracellular VEGF and VEGFR1 in multiple CRC cell lines led to strong inhibition of migration and invasion of CRC cells. Except for Twist, there were no significant differences in markers of EMT between control and VEGF/VEGFR1-depleted CRC cells. However, VEGF/VEGFR1-depleted CRC cells demonstrated a significant reduction in levels of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and its upstream regulators pcMET and pEGFR. Conclusions: Inhibition of intracrine VEGF signalling strongly inhibits CRC cell migration and invasion by regulating proteins involved in cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Bhattacharya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiangcang Ye
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ling Xia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Delphine Boulbes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lee M Ellis
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Morimoto-Kamata R, Yui S. Insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling is responsible for cathepsin G-induced aggregation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1574-1583. [PMID: 28544544 PMCID: PMC5543509 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin G (CG), a neutrophil serine protease, induces cell migration and multicellular aggregation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in a process that is dependent on E-cadherin and CG enzymatic activity. While these tumor cell aggregates can cause tumor emboli that could represent intravascular growth and extravasation into the surrounding tissues, resulting in metastasis, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains poorly characterized. In this study, we aimed to identify the signaling pathway that is triggered during CG-mediated stimulation of cell aggregation. Screening of a library of compounds containing approximately 90 molecular-targeting drugs revealed that this process was suppressed by the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor (IGF-1R)-specific kinase inhibitor OSI-906, as well as the multikinase inhibitors axitinib and sunitinib. Antibody array analysis, which is capable of detecting tyrosine phosphorylation of 49 distinct receptor tyrosine kinases, and the results of immunoprecipitation studies indicated that IGF-1R is phosphorylated in response to CG treatment. Notably, IGF-1R neutralization via treatment with a specific antibody or silencing of IGF-1R expression through siRNA transfection suppressed cell aggregation. Furthermore, CG treatment of MCF-7 cells resulted in increased release of IGF-1 into the medium for 24 h, while antibody-mediated IGF-1 neutralization partially prevented CG-induced cell aggregation. These results demonstrate that autocrine IGF-1 signaling is partly responsible for the cell aggregation induced by CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyo Morimoto-Kamata
- Department of Pharma-Sciences, Laboratory of Host Defense, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Yui
- Department of Pharma-Sciences, Laboratory of Host Defense, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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45
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Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) mainly progresses in bone marrow (BM). Therefore, signals from the BM microenvironment are thought to play a critical role in maintaining plasma cell growth, migration, and survival. Reciprocal positive and negative interactions between plasma cells and microenvironmental cells, including endothelial cells (ECs) and fibroblasts may occur. The BM neovascularization is a constant hallmark of MM, and goes hand in hand with progression to leukemic phase. Microenvironmental factors induce MMECs and fibroblasts to become functionally different from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) ECs (MGECs), i.e., to acquire an overangiogenic phenotype, and be similar to transformed cells. These alterations play an important role in MM progression and may represent new molecular markers for prognostic stratification of patients and prediction of response to antiangiogenic drugs, as well as new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
- National Cancer Institute, Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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46
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Yamada S, Imura Y, Nakai T, Nakai S, Yasuda N, Kaneko K, Outani H, Takenaka S, Hamada K, Myoui A, Araki N, Ueda T, Itoh K, Yoshikawa H, Naka N. Therapeutic potential of TAS-115 via c-MET and PDGFRα signal inhibition for synovial sarcoma. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:334. [PMID: 28511645 PMCID: PMC5434537 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis of synovial sarcoma (SS), an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma, remains poor. We previously reported that c-MET or platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) signalling pathway is related to SS progression based upon the findings of phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) arrays. TAS-115 is a novel c-MET/ vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been shown to inhibit multiple RTKs. Here we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of TAS-115 against SS. Methods We first evaluated which signalling pathway was relevant to the viability of three human SS cell lines: Yamato-SS, SYO-1 and HS-SY-II. Next, we assessed the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of TAS-115 in these SS cell lines. Finally, we compared the ability of TAS-115 to inhibit c-MET and PDGFRα phosphorylation with that of pazopanib. Results We classified the SS cell lines as c-MET-dependent or PDGFRα-dependent based upon the differences in the signalling pathway relevant for growth and/or survival. We also found that c-MET and PDGFRα were the primary activators of both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in c-MET-dependent and PDGFRα-dependent SS cells, respectively. TAS-115 treatment blocked the phosphorylation of PDGFRα as well as that of c-MET and their downstream effectors, leading to marked growth inhibition in both types of SS cell lines in in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, PDGFRα phosphorylation, on at least four representative autophosphorylation sites, was impeded by TAS-115 equivalently to pazopanib. Conclusions These experimental results have demonstrated the significance of c-MET and PDGFRα signalling for growth and/or survival of SS tumours. TAS-115 monotherapy may benefit SS patients whose tumours are dependent upon either c-MET or PDGFRα signalling by functioning as a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor to suppress c-MET as well as PDGFRα pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3324-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutaro Yamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Imura
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takaaki Nakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sho Nakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yasuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiko Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetatsu Outani
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takenaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Myoui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Araki
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Itoh
- Research Institute, Nozaki Tokushukai, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daitou, Osaka, 574-0074, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norifumi Naka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Messaritakis I, Politaki E, Plataki M, Karavassilis V, Kentepozidis N, Koinis F, Samantas E, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A. Heterogeneity of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with recurrent small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with pazopanib. Lung Cancer 2017; 104:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Glen H. Lenvatinib therapy for the treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2195-204. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treatments, patients eventually progress and develop resistance to therapies targeting a single pathway. Lenvatinib inhibits VEGFR1–3, FGFR1–4, PDGFRβ, RET and KIT proto-oncogenes. In a randomized, Phase II trial evaluating patients with mRCC who had progressed after one prior VEGF-targeted therapy, progression-free survival was significantly improved with lenvatinib alone or in combination with everolimus versus everolimus alone. This review summarizes the clinical development of lenvatinib in mRCC, and how simultaneous targeting of multiple pathways involved in carcinogenesis and/or therapeutic resistance may improve patient outcomes. Lenvatinib plus everolimus may be a promising second-line treatment in patients with mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Glen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow, G12 OYN, UK
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Noujaim J, Payne LS, Judson I, Jones RL, Huang PH. Phosphoproteomics in translational research: a sarcoma perspective. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:787-94. [PMID: 26802162 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphoproteomics has been extensively used as a preclinical research tool to characterize the phosphorylated components of the cancer proteome. Advances in the field have yielded insights into new drug targets, mechanisms of disease progression and drug resistance, and biomarker discovery. However, application of this technology to clinical research has been challenging because of practical issues relating to specimen integrity and tumour heterogeneity. Beyond these limitations, phosphoproteomics has the potential to play a pivotal role in translational studies and contribute to advances in different tumour groups, including rare disease sites like sarcoma. In this review, we propose that deploying phosphoproteomic technologies in translational research may facilitate the identification of better defined predictive biomarkers for patient stratification, inform drug selection in umbrella trials and identify new combinations to overcome drug resistance. We provide an overview of current phosphoproteomic technologies, such as affinity-based assays and mass spectrometry-based approaches, and discuss their advantages and limitations. We use sarcoma as an example to illustrate the current challenges in evaluating targeted kinase therapies in clinical trials. We then highlight useful lessons from preclinical studies in sarcoma biology to demonstrate how phosphoproteomics may address some of these challenges. Finally, we conclude by offering a perspective and list the key measures required to translate and benchmark a largely preclinical technology into a useful tool for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Noujaim
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - L S Payne
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - I Judson
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Clinical Studies
| | - R L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Division of Clinical Studies
| | - P H Huang
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Matty MA, Roca FJ, Cronan MR, Tobin DM. Adventures within the speckled band: heterogeneity, angiogenesis, and balanced inflammation in the tuberculous granuloma. Immunol Rev 2015; 264:276-87. [PMID: 25703566 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent work in a variety of animal models, including mice, zebrafish, and macaques, as well as in humans, has led to a reassessment of several tenets of mycobacterial infection. In this review, we describe new findings about the composition and dynamics of the tuberculous granuloma, the central host structure in mycobacterial infection, as well as inflammatory mediators that drive a successful anti-microbial response on one hand and pathological inflammation on the other. We highlight granuloma heterogeneity that emerges in the context of infection, the functional consequences of angiogenesis in tuberculous granulomas, and data that balanced inflammation in humans, with a central role for tumor necrosis factor, appears to play a key role in optimal defense against mycobacterial infection. These findings have suggested new and specific host-directed therapies that await further clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Matty
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for Host-Microbial Interactions, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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