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Arthur R, Jamwal S, Kumar P. A review on polyamines as promising next-generation neuroprotective and anti-aging therapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176804. [PMID: 38950837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of neurons and associated structures and are a major global issue growing more widespread as the global population's average age increases. Despite several investigations on their etiology, the specific cause of these disorders remains unknown. However, there are few symptomatic therapies to treat these disorders. Polyamines (PAs) (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are being studied for their role in neuroprotection, aging and cognitive impairment. They are ubiquitous polycations which have relatively higher concentrations in the brain and possess pleiotropic biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, ion channels, mitochondria Ca2+ transport, autophagy induction, programmed cell death, and many more. Their cellular content is tightly regulated, and substantial evidence indicates that their altered levels and metabolism are strongly implicated in aging, stress, cognitive dysfunction, and neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, dietary polyamine supplementation has been reported to induce anti-aging effects, anti-oxidant effects, and improve locomotor abnormalities, and cognitive dysfunction. Thus, restoring the polyamine level is considered a promising pharmacological strategy to counteract neurodegeneration. This review highlights PAs' physiological role and the molecular mechanism underpinning their proposed neuroprotective effect in aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richmond Arthur
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sumit Jamwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
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2
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Satarker S, Wilson J, Kolathur KK, Mudgal J, Lewis SA, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Spermidine as an epigenetic regulator of autophagy in neurodegenerative disorders. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 979:176823. [PMID: 39032763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is an abnormal protein degradation and recycling process that is impaired in various neurological diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease. Spermidine is a natural polyamine found in various plant- and meat-based diets that can induce autophagy, and is decreased in various neurodegenerative diseases. It acts on epigenetic enzymes like E1A-binding protein p300, HAT enzymes like Iki3p and Sas3p, and α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 that modulate autophagy. Histone modifications like acetylation, phosphorylation, and methylation could influence autophagy. Autophagy is epigenetically regulated in various neurodegenerative disorders with many epigenetic enzymes and miRNAs. Polyamine regulation plays an essential role in the disease pathogenesis of AD and PD. Therefore, in this review, we discuss various enzymes and miRNAs involved in the epigenetic regulation of autophagy in neurodegenerative disorders and the role of spermidine as an autophagy enhancer. The alterations in spermidine-mediated regulation of Beclin-1, LC3-II, and p62 genes in AD and other PD-associated enzymes could impact the process of autophagy in these neurodegenerative diseases. With the ever-growing data and such promising effects of spermidine in autophagy, we feel it could be a promising target in this area and worth further detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Joel Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kolathur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shaila A Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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3
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Rossi MN, Fiorucci C, Mariottini P, Cervelli M. Unveiling the hidden players: noncoding RNAs orchestrating polyamine metabolism in disease. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:84. [PMID: 38918813 PMCID: PMC11202255 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PA) are polycations with pleiotropic functions in cellular physiology and pathology. In particular, PA have been involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis and proliferation participating in the control of fundamental processes like DNA transcription, RNA translation, protein hypusination, autophagy and modulation of ion channels. Indeed, their dysregulation has been associated to inflammation, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and cancer progression. Accordingly, PA intracellular levels, derived from the balance between uptake, biosynthesis, and catabolism, need to be tightly regulated. Among the mechanisms that fine-tune PA metabolic enzymes, emerging findings highlight the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among the ncRNAs, microRNA, long noncoding RNA and circRNA are the most studied as regulators of gene expression and mRNA metabolism and their alteration have been frequently reported in pathological conditions, such as cancer progression and brain diseases. In this review, we will discuss the role of ncRNAs in the regulation of PA genes, with a particular emphasis on the changes of this modulation observed in health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Akinyele O, Munir A, Johnson MA, Perez MS, Gao Y, Foley JR, Nwafor A, Wu Y, Murray-Stewart T, Casero RA, Bayir H, Kemaladewi DU. Impaired polyamine metabolism causes behavioral and neuroanatomical defects in a mouse model of Snyder-Robinson syndrome. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050639. [PMID: 38463005 PMCID: PMC11103582 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the SMS gene, which encodes spermine synthase, and aberrant polyamine metabolism. SRS is characterized by intellectual disability, thin habitus, seizure, low muscle tone/hypotonia and osteoporosis. Progress towards understanding and treating SRS requires a model that recapitulates human gene variants and disease presentations. Here, we evaluated molecular and neurological presentations in the G56S mouse model, which carries a missense mutation in the Sms gene. The lack of SMS protein in the G56S mice resulted in increased spermidine/spermine ratio, failure to thrive, short stature and reduced bone density. They showed impaired learning capacity, increased anxiety, reduced mobility and heightened fear responses, accompanied by reduced total and regional brain volumes. Furthermore, impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was evident in G56S cerebral cortex, G56S fibroblasts and Sms-null hippocampal cells, indicating that SMS may serve as a future therapeutic target. Collectively, our study establishes the suitability of the G56S mice as a preclinical model for SRS and provides a set of molecular and functional outcome measures that can be used to evaluate therapeutic interventions for SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Akinyele
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Anushe Munir
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Marie A. Johnson
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Megan S. Perez
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jackson R. Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ashley Nwafor
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yijen Wu
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Dwi U. Kemaladewi
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Children's Neuroscience Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
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5
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Jin Z, Xu H, Sun X, Yan B, Wang L. Targeting SAT1 prevents osteoporosis through promoting osteoclast apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116732. [PMID: 38739990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass that is tightly regulated by the coordinated actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Apoptosis as a precise programmed cell death involves a cascade of gene expression events which are mechanistically linked to the regulation of bone metabolism. Nevertheless, the critical biomolecules involved in regulating cell apoptosis in osteoporosis remain unknown. To gain a deeper insight into the relationship between apoptosis and osteoporosis, this study integrated the sequencing results of human samples and using a machine learning workflow to overcome the limitations of a single study. Among all immune cell populations, we assessed the apoptotic level and portrayed the distinct subtypes and lineage differentiation of monocytic cells in osteoporotic tissues. Osteoclasts expressed a higher level of Spermidine/spermine-N1-Acetyltransferase1 (SAT1) during osteoclastogenesis which prevented osteoclasts apoptosis and facilitate osteoporosis progression. In addition, Berenil, one potent SAT1 inhibitor, increased osteoclast apoptosis and reversed the bone loss in the femurs of a murine ovariectomy model. In summary, Berenil promotes osteoclast apoptosis, inhibits the bone resorption and improves the abnormal bone structure in vitro and in vivo models by targeting SAT1, demonstrating its potential as a precise therapeutic strategy for clinical osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xueyu Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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6
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Lu X, Lu J, Li S, Feng S, Wang Y, Cui L. The Role of Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in the Accumulation of Pathological Proteins: New Perspectives on the Mechanism of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0209. [PMID: 38739933 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that living organisms form highly dynamic membrane-less organelles (MLOS) with various functions through phase separation, and the indispensable role that phase separation plays in the mechanisms of normal physiological functions and pathogenesis is gradually becoming clearer. Pathological aggregates, regarded as hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, have been revealed to be closely related to aberrant phase separation. Specific proteins are assembled into condensates and transform into insoluble inclusions through aberrant phase separation, contributing to the development of diseases. In this review, we present an overview of the progress of phase separation research, involving its biological mechanisms and the status of research in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on five main disease-specific proteins, tau, TDP-43, FUS, α-Syn and HTT, and how exactly these proteins reside within dynamic liquid-like compartments and thus turn into solid deposits. Further studies will yield new perspectives for understanding the aggregation mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies, and future research directions are anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiongtong Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sifan Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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7
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Crestani E, Benamar M, Phipatanakul W, Rachid R, Chatila TA. Age-specific Metabolomic profiles in children with food allergy. Clin Immunol 2024; 261:109928. [PMID: 38336145 PMCID: PMC10947862 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.109928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) in young children is often associated with eczema, frequently directed to egg/cow milk allergens and has a higher chance of resolution, while FA that persists in older children has less chance of resolution and is less clearly associated with atopy. METHODS Children with FA (n = 62) and healthy controls (n = 28) were categorized into "younger" (≤5 years) and "older" (>5 years). Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic profiling as wells as cytokine profiling were performed on plasma samples in FA children in each age group. RESULTS Younger FA children manifested unique alterations in bile acids, polyamine metabolites and chemokines associated with Th2 responses, while older FA children displayed pronounced changes in long chain fatty acids, acylcarnitines and proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS FA children of different ages manifest unique metabolic changes which may reflect at least in part pathogenic mechanisms and environmental influences operative at different time points in the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Crestani
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Benamar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Phipatanakul
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Rachid
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T A Chatila
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Croucher KM, Fleming SM. ATP13A2 (PARK9) and basal ganglia function. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1252400. [PMID: 38249738 PMCID: PMC10796451 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1252400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP13A2 is a lysosomal protein involved in polyamine transport with loss of function mutations associated with multiple neurodegenerative conditions. These include early onset Parkinson's disease, Kufor-Rakeb Syndrome, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, hereditary spastic paraplegia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. While ATP13A2 mutations may result in clinical heterogeneity, the basal ganglia appear to be impacted in the majority of cases. The basal ganglia is particularly vulnerable to environmental exposures such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial agents which are also established risk factors for many neurodegenerative conditions. Not surprisingly then, impaired function of ATP13A2 has been linked to heavy metal toxicity including manganese, iron, and zinc. This review discusses the role of ATP13A2 in basal ganglia function and dysfunction, potential common pathological mechanisms in ATP13A2-related disorders, and how gene x environment interactions may contribute to basal ganglia dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M. Croucher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Sheila M. Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
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9
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Kang J, Benjamin DI, Kim S, Salvi JS, Dhaliwal G, Lam R, Goshayeshi A, Brett JO, Liu L, Rando TA. Depletion of SAM leading to loss of heterochromatin drives muscle stem cell ageing. Nat Metab 2024; 6:153-168. [PMID: 38243132 PMCID: PMC10976122 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The global loss of heterochromatin during ageing has been observed in eukaryotes from yeast to humans, and this has been proposed as one of the causes of ageing. However, the cause of this age-associated loss of heterochromatin has remained enigmatic. Here we show that heterochromatin markers, including histone H3K9 di/tri-methylation and HP1, decrease with age in muscle stem cells (MuSCs) as a consequence of the depletion of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We find that restoration of intracellular SAM in aged MuSCs restores heterochromatin content to youthful levels and rejuvenates age-associated features, including DNA damage accumulation, increased cell death, and defective muscle regeneration. SAM is not only a methyl group donor for transmethylation, but it is also an aminopropyl donor for polyamine synthesis. Excessive consumption of SAM in polyamine synthesis may reduce its availability for transmethylation. Consistent with this premise, we observe that perturbation of increased polyamine synthesis by inhibiting spermidine synthase restores intracellular SAM content and heterochromatin formation, leading to improvements in aged MuSC function and regenerative capacity in male and female mice. Together, our studies demonstrate a direct causal link between polyamine metabolism and epigenetic dysregulation during murine MuSC ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jayesh S Salvi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gurkamal Dhaliwal
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Richard Lam
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Armon Goshayeshi
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jamie O Brett
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Ojomoko LO, Kryukova EV, Egorova NS, Salikhov AI, Epifanova LA, Denisova DA, Khomutov AR, Sukhov DA, Vassilevski AA, Khomutov MA, Tsetlin VI, Shelukhina IV. Inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by oligoarginine peptides and polyamine-related compounds. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1327603. [PMID: 38169863 PMCID: PMC10758494 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1327603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligoarginine peptides, known mostly for their cell-penetrating properties, are also inhibitors of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Since octa-arginine (R8) inhibits α9α10 nAChR and suppresses neuropathic pain, we checked if other polycationic compounds containing amino and/or guanidino groups could be effective and tested the activity of the disulfide-fixed "cyclo"R8, a series of biogenic polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), C-methylated spermine analogs, agmatine and its analogs, as well as acylpolyamine argiotoxin-636 from spider venom. Their inhibitory potency on muscle-type, α7 and α9α10 nAChRs was determined using radioligand analysis, electrophysiology, and calcium imaging. "Cyclo"R8 showed similar activity to that of R8 against α9α10 nAChR (IC50 ≈ 60 nM). Biogenic polyamines as well as agmatine and its analogs displayed low activity on muscle-type Torpedo californica, as well as α7 and α9α10 nAChRs, which increased with chain length, the most active being spermine and its C-methylated derivatives having IC50 of about 30 μM against muscle-type T. californica nAChR. Argiotoxin-636, which contains a polyamine backbone and terminal guanidino group, also weakly inhibited T. californica nAChR (IC50 ≈ 15 μM), but it revealed high potency against rat α9α10 nAChR (IC50 ≈ 200 nM). We conclude that oligoarginines and similar polycationic compounds effectively inhibiting α9α10 nAChR may serve as a basis for the development of analgesics to reduce neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy O. Ojomoko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Kryukova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya S. Egorova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arthur I. Salikhov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov A. Epifanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria A. Denisova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alex R. Khomutov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Sukhov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Vassilevski
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim A. Khomutov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor I. Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Shelukhina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Jimenez Gutierrez GE, Borbolla Jiménez FV, Muñoz LG, Tapia Guerrero YS, Murillo Melo NM, Cristóbal-Luna JM, Leyva Garcia N, Cordero-Martínez J, Magaña JJ. The Molecular Role of Polyamines in Age-Related Diseases: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16469. [PMID: 38003659 PMCID: PMC10671757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (Pas) are short molecules that exhibit two or three amine groups that are positively charged at a physiological pH. These small molecules are present in high concentrations in a wide variety of organisms and tissues, suggesting that they play an important role in cellular physiology. Polyamines include spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, which play important roles in age-related diseases that have not been completely elucidated. Aging is a natural process, defined as the time-related deterioration of the physiological functions; it is considered a risk factor for degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and musculoskeletal diseases; arthritis; and even cancer. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the participation of Pas in the cellular and molecular processes related to age-related diseases, focusing our attention on important degenerative diseases such as Alzheimerߣs disease, Parkinsonߣs disease, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. This new perspective leads us to propose that Pas function as novel biomarkers for age-related diseases, with the main purpose of achieving new molecular alternatives for healthier aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Elizabeth Jimenez Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Fabiola V. Borbolla Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis G. Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
| | - Yessica Sarai Tapia Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
| | - Nadia Mireya Murillo Melo
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
| | - José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
| | - Norberto Leyva Garcia
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
| | - Joaquín Cordero-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Jonathan J. Magaña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (G.E.J.G.); (F.V.B.J.); (L.G.M.); (Y.S.T.G.); (N.M.M.M.); (N.L.G.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
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12
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Foressi NN, Rodríguez LC, Celej MS. Heterotypic liquid-liquid phase separation of tau and α-synuclein: Implications for overlapping neuropathologies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 1871:140950. [PMID: 37574035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2023.140950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Tauopathies and synucleinopathies are characterized by the aggregation of Tau and α-synuclein (AS) into amyloid structures, respectively. Individuals with these neuropathies have an elevated risk of developing subsequent neurodegenerative or comorbid disorders. Intriguingly, post-mortem brain examinations have revealed co-localization of Tau and AS aggregates, suggesting a synergistic pathological relationship with an adverse prognosis. The role of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in the development of neurodegenerative diseases is currently receiving significant attention, as it can contribute to the aggregation and co-deposition of amyloidogenic proteins. In this study, we investigated the phase separation behavior of Tau and AS under various insults, some of which are implicated in disease progression. Our findings demonstrate the formation of heterotypic droplets composed of Tau and AS at physiologically relevant mole ratios that mimic neurons' soma and terminal buttons. Importantly, these heterotypic droplets exhibit increased resistance to electrostatic screening compared to homotypic condensates. Moreover, we observed that biologically relevant biomolecules, known to be dysregulated in disease, exert different effects on these droplets. Additionally, we provide evidence that phase separation itself influences the amyloid aggregation of Tau and AS, underscoring the significance of this process in the development of aggregopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel N Foressi
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Leandro Cruz Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Soledad Celej
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
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Killick R, Elliott C, Ribe E, Broadstock M, Ballard C, Aarsland D, Williams G. Neurodegenerative Disease Associated Pathways in the Brains of Triple Transgenic Alzheimer's Model Mice Are Reversed Following Two Weeks of Peripheral Administration of Fasudil. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11219. [PMID: 37446396 PMCID: PMC10342807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pan Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor fasudil acts as a vasodilator and has been used as a medication for post-cerebral stroke for the past 29 years in Japan and China. More recently, based on the involvement of ROCK inhibition in synaptic function, neuronal survival, and processes associated with neuroinflammation, it has been suggested that the drug may be repurposed for neurodegenerative diseases. Indeed, fasudil has demonstrated preclinical efficacy in many neurodegenerative disease models. To facilitate an understanding of the wider biological processes at play due to ROCK inhibition in the context of neurodegeneration, we performed a global gene expression analysis on the brains of Alzheimer's disease model mice treated with fasudil via peripheral IP injection. We then performed a comparative analysis of the fasudil-driven transcriptional profile with profiles generated from a meta-analysis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Our results show that fasudil tends to drive gene expression in a reverse sense to that seen in brains with post-mortem neurodegenerative disease. The results are most striking in terms of pathway enrichment analysis, where pathways perturbed in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are overwhelmingly driven in the opposite direction by fasudil treatment. Thus, our results bolster the repurposing potential of fasudil by demonstrating an anti-neurodegenerative phenotype in a disease context and highlight the potential of in vivo transcriptional profiling of drug activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Killick
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2UL, UK;
| | - Christina Elliott
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Elena Ribe
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
| | - Martin Broadstock
- Wolfson CARD, King’s College London, London Bridge, London SE1 1UL, UK;
| | - Clive Ballard
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2UL, UK;
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (R.K.); (E.R.); (D.A.)
| | - Gareth Williams
- Wolfson CARD, King’s College London, London Bridge, London SE1 1UL, UK;
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Yu J, Meng J, Qin Z, Yu Y, Liang Y, Wang Y, Min D. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota inhibits NMNAT2 to promote neurobehavioral deficits and oxidative stress response in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:117. [PMID: 37208728 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New data are accumulating on gut microbial dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease (PD), while the specific mechanism remains uncharacterized. This study aims to investigate the potential role and pathophysiological mechanism of dysbiosis of gut microbiota in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rat models. METHODS The shotgun metagenome sequencing data of fecal samples from PD patients and healthy individuals were obtained from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database. The diversity, abundance, and functional composition of gut microbiota were further analyzed in these data. After the exploration of the functional pathway-related genes, KEGG and GEO databases were used to obtain PD-related microarray datasets for differential expression analysis. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed to confirm the roles of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and upregulated NMNAT2 in neurobehavioral symptoms and oxidative stress response in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. RESULTS Significant differences were found in the diversity, abundance, and functional composition of gut microbiota between PD patients and healthy individuals. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota could regulate NAD+ anabolic pathway to affect the occurrence and development of PD. As a NAD+ anabolic pathway-related gene, NMNAT2 was poorly expressed in the brain tissues of PD patients. More importantly, FMT or overexpression of NMNAT2 alleviated neurobehavioral deficits and reduced oxidative stress in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we demonstrated that dysbiosis of gut microbiota suppressed NMNAT2 expression, thus exacerbating neurobehavioral deficits and oxidative stress response in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, which could be rescued by FMT or NMNAT2 restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yu
- Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, 545000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Meng
- Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, 545000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Qin
- Department of Acupuncture, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of Massage, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxin Liang
- Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, 545000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, 545000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Min
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 156, Heping Road, Liunan District, Liuzhou, 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Qi Z, Zhang C, Jian H, Hou M, Lou Y, Kang Y, Wang W, Lv Y, Shang S, Wang C, Li X, Feng S, Zhou H. N 1-Methyladenosine modification of mRNA regulates neuronal gene expression and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation induction. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:159. [PMID: 37173310 PMCID: PMC10182019 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
N1-Methyladenosine (m1A) is an abundant modification of transcripts, plays important roles in regulating mRNA structure and translation efficiency, and is dynamically regulated under stress. However, the characteristics and functions of mRNA m1A modification in primary neurons and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induced remain unclear. We first constructed a mouse cortical neuron OGD/R model and then used methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and sequencing technology to demonstrate that m1A modification is abundant in neuron mRNAs and dynamically regulated during OGD/R induction. Our study suggests that Trmt10c, Alkbh3, and Ythdf3 may be m1A-regulating enzymes in neurons during OGD/R induction. The level and pattern of m1A modification change significantly during OGD/R induction, and differential methylation is closely associated with the nervous system. Our findings show that m1A peaks in cortical neurons aggregate at both the 5' and 3' untranslated regions. m1A modification can regulate gene expression, and peaks in different regions have different effects on gene expression. By analysing m1A-seq and RNA-seq data, we show a positive correlation between differentially methylated m1A peaks and gene expression. The correlation was verified by using qRT-PCR and MeRIP-RT-PCR. Moreover, we selected human tissue samples from Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients from the Gene Expression Comprehensive (GEO) database to analyse the selected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential methylation modification regulatory enzymes, respectively, and found similar differential expression results. We highlight the potential relationship between m1A modification and neuronal apoptosis following OGD/R induction. Furthermore, by mapping mouse cortical neurons and OGD/R-induced modification characteristics, we reveal the important role of m1A modification in OGD/R and gene expression regulation, providing new ideas for research on neurological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyang Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Huan Jian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Mengfan Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yongfu Lou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yigang Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Shenghui Shang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China.
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Wortha SM, Frenzel S, Bahls M, Habes M, Wittfeld K, Van der Auwera S, Bülow R, Zylla S, Friedrich N, Nauck M, Völzke H, Grabe HJ, Schwarz C, Flöel A. Association of spermidine plasma levels with brain aging in a population-based study. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1832-1840. [PMID: 36321615 PMCID: PMC11246659 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Supplementation with spermidine may support healthy aging, but elevated spermidine tissue levels were shown to be an indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Data from 659 participants (age range: 21-81 years) of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania TREND were included. We investigated the association between spermidine plasma levels and markers of brain aging (hippocampal volume, AD score, global cortical thickness [CT], and white matter hyperintensities [WMH]). RESULTS Higher spermidine levels were significantly associated with lower hippocampal volume (ß = -0.076; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.13 to -0.02; q = 0.026), higher AD score (ß = 0.118; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.19; q = 0.006), lower global CT (ß = -0.104; 95% CI: -0.17 to -0.04; q = 0.014), but not WMH volume. Sensitivity analysis revealed no substantial changes after excluding participants with cancer, depression, or hemolysis. DISCUSSION Elevated spermidine plasma levels are associated with advanced brain aging and might serve as potential early biomarker for AD and vascular brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke M. Wortha
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Bahls
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mohamad Habes
- Neuroimage Analytics Laboratory and Biggs Institute Neuroimaging Core, Glenn Biggs Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zylla
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claudia Schwarz
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Ríos DS, Malpica-Nieves CJ, Díaz-García A, Eaton MJ, Skatchkov SN. Changes in the Localization of Polyamine Spermidine in the Rat Retina with Age. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1008. [PMID: 37189626 PMCID: PMC10135861 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) in the nervous system has a key role in regeneration and aging. Therefore, we investigated age-related changes in the expression of PA spermidine (SPD) in the rat retina. Fluorescent immunocytochemistry was used to evaluate the accumulation of SPD in retinae from rats of postnatal days 3, 21, and 120. Glial cells were identified using glutamine synthetase (GS), whereas DAPI, a marker of cell nuclei, was used to differentiate between retinal layers. SPD localization in the retina was strikingly different between neonates and adults. In the neonatal retina (postnatal day 3-P3), SPD is strongly expressed in practically all cell types, including radial glia and neurons. SPD staining showed strong co-localization with the glial marker GS in Müller Cells (MCs) in the outer neuroblast layer. In the weaning period (postnatal day 21-P21), the SPD label was strongly expressed in all MCs, but not in neurons. In early adulthood (postnatal day 120-P120), SPD was localized in MCs only and was co-localized with the glial marker GS. A decline in the expression of PAs in neurons was observed with age while glial cells accumulated SPD after the differentiation stage (P21) and during aging in MC cellular endfoot compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Ríos
- College of Science and Health Professions, Universidad Central de Bayamón, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA
| | | | - Amanda Díaz-García
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA
| | - Misty J. Eaton
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA
| | - Serguei N. Skatchkov
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA
- Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00956, USA
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Lee RMQ, Koh TW. Genetic modifiers of synucleinopathies-lessons from experimental models. OXFORD OPEN NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2:kvad001. [PMID: 38596238 PMCID: PMC10913850 DOI: 10.1093/oons/kvad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
α-Synuclein is a pleiotropic protein underlying a group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Together, these are known as synucleinopathies. Like all neurological diseases, understanding of disease mechanisms is hampered by the lack of access to biopsy tissues, precluding a real-time view of disease progression in the human body. This has driven researchers to devise various experimental models ranging from yeast to flies to human brain organoids, aiming to recapitulate aspects of synucleinopathies. Studies of these models have uncovered numerous genetic modifiers of α-synuclein, most of which are evolutionarily conserved. This review discusses what we have learned about disease mechanisms from these modifiers, and ways in which the study of modifiers have supported ongoing efforts to engineer disease-modifying interventions for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Min Qi Lee
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Tong-Wey Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Block S3 #05-01, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
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Akinyele O, Munir A, Johnson MA, Perez MS, Gao Y, Foley JR, Wu Y, Murray-Stewart T, Casero RA, Bayir H, Kemaladewi DU. Impaired polyamine metabolism causes behavioral and neuroanatomical defects in a novel mouse model of Snyder-Robinson Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.15.524155. [PMID: 36711956 PMCID: PMC9882240 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.15.524155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are essential molecules for normal cellular functions and are subject to strict metabolic regulation. Mutations in the gene encoding spermine synthase (SMS) lead to accumulation of spermidine in an X-linked recessive disorder known as Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS). Presently, no treatments exist for this rare disease that manifests with a spectrum of symptoms including intellectual disability, developmental delay, thin habitus, and low muscle tone. The development of therapeutic interventions for SRS will require a suitable disease-specific animal model that recapitulates many of the abnormalities observed in patients. Here, we characterize the molecular, behavioral, and neuroanatomical features of a mouse model with a missense mutation in Sms gene that results in a glycine-to-serine substitution at position 56 (G56S) of the SMS protein. Mice harboring this mutation exhibit a complete loss of SMS protein and elevated spermidine/spermine ratio in skeletal muscles and the brain. In addition, the G56S mice demonstrate increased anxiety, impaired learning, and decreased explorative behavior in fear conditioning, Morris water maze, and open field tests, respectively. Furthermore, these mice failed to gain weight over time and exhibit abnormalities in brain structure and bone density. Transcriptomic analysis of the cerebral cortex revealed downregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and ribosomal protein synthesis. Our findings also revealed impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics in fibroblasts isolated from the G56S mice, indicating a correlation between these processes in the affected mice. Collectively, our findings establish the first in-depth characterization of an SRS preclinical mouse model that identifies cellular processes that could be targeted for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Akinyele
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Anushe Munir
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Marie A. Johnson
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Megan S. Perez
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Yuan Gao
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Jackson R. Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yijen Wu
- Dept. of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hulya Bayir
- Children’s Neuroscience Institute, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Dwi U. Kemaladewi
- Div. of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
- Dept. of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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20
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Rodríguez LC, Foressi NN, Celej MS. Modulation of α-synuclein phase separation by biomolecules. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 1871:140885. [PMID: 36481455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is currently recognized as a common mechanism involved in the regulation of a number of cellular functions. On the other hand, aberrant phase separation has been linked to the biogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders since many proteins that undergo LLPS are also found in pathological aggregates. The formation of mixed protein coacervates may constitute a risk factor in overlapping neuropathologies, such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's (AD) diseases. In this work, we evaluated the homotypic and heterotypic phase behaviour of the PD-related protein α-synuclein (AS) in the presence of the biologically relevant molecules ATP, polyamines, and the AD-related protein Tau. We found that AS exhibits a low propensity to form homotypic liquid droplets, yet phase separates into liquid-like or solid-like phases depending on the interacting biomolecule. We further demonstrated the synergistic droplet formation of AS and Tau providing support for a mechanism in which mixed condensates might contribute to the biogenesis of AS/Tau pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Cruz Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nahuel N Foressi
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Soledad Celej
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
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21
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LeWitt PA, Li J, Wu KH, Lu M. Diagnostic metabolomic profiling of Parkinson's disease biospecimens. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 177:105962. [PMID: 36563791 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reliable and sensitive biomarkers are needed for enhancing and predicting Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate comprehensive metabolomic profiling of biochemicals in CSF and serum for determining diagnostic biomarkers of PD. METHODS Fifty subjects, symptomatic with PD for ≥5 years, were matched to 50 healthy controls (HCs). We used ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for measuring relative concentrations of ≤1.5 kDalton biochemicals. A reference library created from authentic standards facilitated chemical identifications. Analytes underwent univariate analysis for PD association, with false discovery rate-adjusted p-value (≤0.05) determinations. Multivariate analysis (for identifying a panel of biochemicals discriminating PD from HCs) used several biostatistical methods, including logistic LASSO regression. RESULTS Comparing PD and HCs, strong differentiation was achieved from CSF but not serum specimens. With univariate analysis, 21 CSF compounds exhibited significant differential concentrations. Logistic LASSO regression led to selection of 23 biochemicals (11 shared with those determined by the univariate analysis). The selected compounds, as a group, distinguished PD from HCs, with Area-Under-the-Receiver-Operating-Characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.897. With optimal cutoff, logistic LASSO achieved 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity (and positive and negative predictive values of 96% and 100%). Ten-fold cross-validation gave 84% sensitivity and 82% specificity (and 82% positive and 84% negative predictive values). From the logistic LASSO-chosen regression model, 2 polyamine metabolites (N-acetylcadaverine and N-acetylputrescine) were chosen and had the highest fold-changes in comparing PD to HCs. Another chosen biochemical, acisoga (N-(3-acetamidopropyl)pyrrolidine-2-one), also is a polyamine metabolism derivative. CONCLUSIONS UHPLC-MS/MS assays provided a metabolomic signature highly predictive of PD. These findings provide further evidence for involvement of polyamine pathways in the neurodegeneration of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A LeWitt
- Departments of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, West Bloomfield, MI, USA; Wayne State University School of Medicine, West Bloomfield, MI, USA.
| | - Jia Li
- The Department of Public Health Science, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kuan-Han Wu
- The Department of Public Health Science, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mei Lu
- The Department of Public Health Science, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
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22
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Antizyme Inhibitor 2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Altered Brain Polyamine Levels and Reduced Locomotor Activity. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010014. [PMID: 36671399 PMCID: PMC9855896 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the neural polyamine system are known to be associated with different brain pathological conditions. In addition, the regulation of enzymes involved in polyamine metabolism such as ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), antizymes (AZs), and antizyme inhibitors (AZINs) is critical during brain development. However, while most studies focus on ODC and AZs, less is known about AZIN expression and function in the brain. Thus, our aim was to analyze the expression pattern of AZIN2 during postnatal development, its brain distribution, and its possible implication in phenotypical alterations. METHODS The expression pattern of Azin2 and other genes related to polyamine metabolism was analyzed by RT-qPCR. β-D-galactosidase staining was used to determine the anatomical distribution of AZIN2 in a Azin2 knockout model containing the βGeo marker. Brain polyamine content was determined by HPLC. The Rota-Rod and Pole functional tests were used to evaluate motor skills in Azin2-lacking mice. RESULTS Our results showed that expression of genes codifying for AZs and AZINs showed a similar increasing pattern over time that coincided with a decrease in ODC activity and putrescine levels. The analysis of AZIN2 distribution demonstrated that it is strongly expressed in the cerebellum and distributed along the neuron body and dendrites. The ablation of Azin2 showed a decrease in putrescine levels and is related to reduced motor skills. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that AZIN2 expression in the brain is particularly limited to the cerebellum. In addition, the ablation of Azin2 leads to a reduction in putrescine that relates to alterations in motor function, suggesting the role of AZIN2 in the functioning of dopaminergic neurons.
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23
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Khomutov MA, Khomutov AR. Synthesis of 2-Methylidene Spermidine and its N1-Acetylated Derivative. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022060140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Snoderly-Foster LJ, Olivas WM. Regulation of Parkinson's disease-associated genes by Pumilio proteins and microRNAs in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275235. [PMID: 36174040 PMCID: PMC9522289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common age-related, neurodegenerative disease. A small collection of genes has been linked to Parkinson's disease including LRRK2, SAT1, and SNCA, the latter of which encodes the protein alpha-synuclein that aggregates in Lewy bodies as a hallmark of the disease. Overexpression of even wild-type versions of these genes can lead to pathogenesis, yet the regulatory mechanisms that control protein production of the genes are not fully understood. Pumilio proteins belong to the highly conserved PUF family of eukaryotic RNA-binding proteins that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through binding conserved motifs in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA targets known as PUF Recognition Elements (PREs). The 3'UTRs of LRRK2, SNCA and SAT1 each contain multiple putative PREs. Knockdown (KD) of the two human Pumilio homologs (Pumilio 1 and Pumilio 2) in a neurodegenerative model cell line, SH-SY5Y, resulted in increased SNCA and LRRK2 mRNA, as well as alpha-synuclein levels, suggesting these genes are normally repressed by the Pumilio proteins. Some studies have indicated a relationship between Pumilio and microRNA activities on the same target, especially when their binding sites are close together. LRRK2, SNCA, and SAT1 each contain several putative microRNA-binding sites within the 3'UTR, some of which reside near PREs. Small RNA-seq and microRNA qPCR assays were performed in both wild type and Pumilio KD SH-SY5Y cells to analyze global and differential microRNA expression. One thousand four hundred and four microRNAs were detected across wild type and Pumilio KD cells. Twenty-one microRNAs were differentially expressed between treatments, six of which were previously established to be altered in Parkinson's disease patient samples or research models. Expression of ten miRs predicted to target LRRK2 and SNCA was verified by RT-qPCR. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Pumilios and microRNAs play a multi-faceted role in regulating Parkinson's disease-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J. Snoderly-Foster
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Wendy M. Olivas
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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25
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Lechner SA, Welsch JM, Pahapill NK, Kaldenberg TAR, Regenbaum A, Kelm-Nelson CA. Predictors of prodromal Parkinson's disease in young adult Pink1-/- rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:867958. [PMID: 36172466 PMCID: PMC9510667 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.867958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, degenerative disease that affects nearly 10 million people worldwide. Hallmark limb motor signs and dopamine depletion have been well studied; however, few studies evaluating early stage, prodromal biology exist. Pink1-/- rats, a rodent model of PD mitochondrial dysfunction, exhibit early stage behavioral deficits, including vocal communication and anxiety, that progress during mid-to-late adulthood (6-12 months of age). Yet, the biological pathways and mechanisms that lead to prodromal dysfunction are not well understood. This study investigated the Pink1-/- rat in young adulthood (2 months of age). Mixed sex groups of Pink1-/- rats and wildtype (WT) controls were assayed for limb motor, anxiety, and vocal motor behaviors. A customized NanoString CodeSet, based on genetic work in later adulthood, was used to probe for the up regulation of genes involved in disease pathways and inflammation within the brainstem and vocal fold muscle. In summary, the data show sex- and genotype-differences in limb motor, anxiety, and vocal motor behaviors. Specifically, female Pink1-/- rats demonstrate less anxiety-like behavior compared to male Pink1-/- rats and female rats show increased locomotor activity compared to male rats. Pink1-/- rats also demonstrate prodromal ultrasonic vocalization dysfunction across all acoustic parameters and sex differences were present for intensity (loudness) and peak frequency. These data demonstrate a difference in phenotype in the Pink1-/- model. Tuba1c transcript level was identified as a key marker negatively correlated to ultrasonic vocalization at 2 months of age. Identifying genes, such as Tuba1c, may help determine early predictors of PD pathology in the Pink1-/- rat and serve as targets for future drug therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Cynthia A. Kelm-Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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26
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Stump CL, Casero RA, Phanstiel O, DiAngelo JR, Nowotarski SL. Elucidating the Role of Chmp1 Overexpression in the Transport of Polyamines in Drosophila melanogaster. Med Sci (Basel) 2022; 10:45. [PMID: 36135830 PMCID: PMC9502369 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are small organic cations that are essential for many biological processes such as cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. While the metabolism of polyamines has been well studied, the mechanisms by which polyamines are transported into and out of cells are poorly understood. Here, we describe a novel role of Chmp1, a vesicular trafficking protein, in the transport of polyamines using a well-defined leg imaginal disc assay in Drosophila melanogaster larvae. We show that Chmp1 overexpression had no effect on leg development in Drosophila, but does attenuate the negative impact on leg development of Ant44, a cytotoxic drug known to enter cells through the polyamine transport system (PTS), suggesting that the overexpression of Chmp1 downregulated the PTS. Moreover, we showed that the addition of spermine did not rescue the leg development in Chmp1-overexpressing leg discs treated with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of polyamine metabolism, while putrescine and spermidine did, suggesting that there may be unique mechanisms of import for individual polyamines. Thus, our data provide novel insight into the underlying mechanisms that are involved in polyamine transport and highlight the utility of the Drosophila imaginal disc assay as a fast and easy way to study potential players involved in the PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coryn L. Stump
- Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading, PA 19610, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Justin R. DiAngelo
- Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading, PA 19610, USA
| | - Shannon L. Nowotarski
- Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Berks Campus, Reading, PA 19610, USA
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27
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Molecular mechanism for the synchronized electrostatic coacervation and co-aggregation of alpha-synuclein and tau. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4586. [PMID: 35933508 PMCID: PMC9357037 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid aggregation of α-synuclein (αS) is the hallmark of Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies. Recently, Tau protein, generally associated with Alzheimer’s disease, has been linked to αS pathology and observed to co-localize in αS-rich disease inclusions, although the molecular mechanisms for the co-aggregation of both proteins remain elusive. We report here that αS phase-separates into liquid condensates by electrostatic complex coacervation with positively charged polypeptides such as Tau. Condensates undergo either fast gelation or coalescence followed by slow amyloid aggregation depending on the affinity of αS for the poly-cation and the rate of valence exhaustion of the condensate network. By combining a set of advanced biophysical techniques, we have been able to characterize αS/Tau liquid-liquid phase separation and identified key factors that lead to the formation of hetero-aggregates containing both proteins in the interior of the liquid protein condensates. Here, the authors report that α-synuclein phase-separates into liquid condensates with positively charged polypeptides such as Tau. The condensates undergo different maturation processes, including the formation of α-synuclein/Tau amyloid hetero-aggregates inside the condensates.
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28
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Tao X, Zhu Y, Diaz-Perez Z, Yu SH, Foley JR, Stewart TM, Casero RA, Steet R, Zhai RG. Phenylbutyrate modulates polyamine acetylase and ameliorates Snyder-Robinson syndrome in a Drosophila model and patient cells. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e158457. [PMID: 35801587 PMCID: PMC9310527 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamine dysregulation plays key roles in a broad range of human diseases from cancer to neurodegeneration. Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is the first known genetic disorder of the polyamine pathway, caused by X-linked recessive loss-of-function mutations in spermine synthase. In the Drosophila SRS model, altered spermidine/spermine balance has been associated with increased generation of ROS and aldehydes, consistent with elevated spermidine catabolism. These toxic byproducts cause mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, which are also observed in cells from SRS patients. No efficient therapy is available. We explored the biochemical mechanism and discovered acetyl-CoA reduction and altered protein acetylation as potentially novel pathomechanisms of SRS. We repurposed the FDA-approved drug phenylbutyrate (PBA) to treat SRS using an in vivo Drosophila model and patient fibroblast cell models. PBA treatment significantly restored the function of mitochondria and autolysosomes and extended life span in vivo in the Drosophila SRS model. Treating fibroblasts of patients with SRS with PBA ameliorated autolysosome dysfunction. We further explored the mechanism of drug action and found that PBA downregulates the first and rate-limiting spermidine catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), reduces the production of toxic metabolites, and inhibits the reduction of the substrate acetyl-CoA. Taken together, we revealed PBA as a potential modulator of SAT1 and acetyl-CoA levels and propose PBA as a therapy for SRS and potentially other polyamine dysregulation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzun Tao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zoraida Diaz-Perez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Seok-Ho Yu
- JC Self Research Institute, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jackson R. Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard Steet
- JC Self Research Institute, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, South Carolina, USA
| | - R. Grace Zhai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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29
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Role of Polyamine-Induced Dimerization of Antizyme in Its Cellular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094614. [PMID: 35563006 PMCID: PMC9104013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyamines, spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd), are important for cell growth and function. Their homeostasis is strictly controlled, and a key downregulator of the polyamine pool is the polyamine-inducible protein, antizyme 1 (OAZ1). OAZ1 inhibits polyamine uptake and targets ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, for proteasomal degradation. Here we report, for the first time, that polyamines induce dimerization of mouse recombinant full-length OAZ1, forming an (OAZ1)2-Polyamine complex. Dimerization could be modulated by functionally active C-methylated spermidine mimetics (MeSpds) by changing the position of the methyl group along the Spd backbone—2-MeSpd was a poor inducer as opposed to 1-MeSpd, 3-MeSpd, and Spd, which were good inducers. Importantly, the ability of compounds to inhibit polyamine uptake correlated with the efficiency of the (OAZ1)2-Polyamine complex formation. Thus, the (OAZ1)2-Polyamine complex may be needed to inhibit polyamine uptake. The efficiency of polyamine-induced ribosomal +1 frameshifting of OAZ1 mRNA could also be differentially modulated by MeSpds—2-MeSpd was a poor inducer of OAZ1 biosynthesis and hence a poor downregulator of ODC activity unlike the other MeSpds. These findings offer new insight into the OAZ1-mediated regulation of polyamine homeostasis and provide the chemical tools to study it.
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30
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Sadick JS, O'Dea MR, Hasel P, Dykstra T, Faustin A, Liddelow SA. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes undergo subtype-specific transcriptional changes in Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 2022; 110:1788-1805.e10. [PMID: 35381189 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resolving glial contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is necessary because changes in neuronal function, such as reduced synaptic density, altered electrophysiological properties, and degeneration, are not entirely cell autonomous. To improve understanding of transcriptomic heterogeneity in glia during AD, we used single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to characterize astrocytes and oligodendrocytes from apolipoprotein (APOE) Ɛ2/3 human AD and age- and genotype-matched non-symptomatic (NS) brains. We enriched astrocytes before sequencing and characterized pathology from the same location as the sequenced material. We characterized baseline heterogeneity in both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and identified global and subtype-specific transcriptomic changes between AD and NS astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. We also took advantage of recent human and mouse spatial transcriptomics resources to localize heterogeneous astrocyte subtypes to specific regions in the healthy and inflamed brain. Finally, we integrated our data with published AD snRNA-seq datasets, highlighting the power of combining datasets to resolve previously unidentifiable astrocyte subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Sadick
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael R O'Dea
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Philip Hasel
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Taitea Dykstra
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Arline Faustin
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Parekh Center for Interdisciplinary Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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31
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Multiple Criteria Optimization (MCO): A gene selection deterministic tool in RStudio. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262890. [PMID: 35085348 PMCID: PMC8794188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying genes with the largest expression changes (gene selection) to characterize a given condition is a popular first step to drive exploration into molecular mechanisms and is, therefore, paramount for therapeutic development. Reproducibility in the sciences makes it necessary to emphasize objectivity and systematic repeatability in biological and informatics analyses, including gene selection. With these two characteristics in mind, in previous works our research team has proposed using multiple criteria optimization (MCO) in gene selection to analyze microarray datasets. The result of this effort is the MCO algorithm, which selects genes with the largest expression changes without user manipulation of neither informatics nor statistical parameters. Furthermore, the user is not required to choose either a preference structure among multiple measures or a predetermined quantity of genes to be deemed significant a priori. This implies that using the same datasets and performance measures (PMs), the method will converge to the same set of selected differentially expressed genes (repeatability) despite who carries out the analysis (objectivity). The present work describes the development of an open-source tool in RStudio to enable both: (1) individual analysis of single datasets with two or three PMs and (2) meta-analysis with up to five microarray datasets, using one PM from each dataset. The capabilities afforded by the code include license-free portability and the possibility to carry out analyses via modest computer hardware, such as personal laptops. The code provides affordable, repeatable, and objective detection of differentially expressed genes from microarrays. It can be used to analyze other experiments with similar experimental comparative layouts, such as microRNA arrays and protein arrays, among others. As a demonstration of the capabilities of the code, the analysis of four publicly-available microarray datasets related to Parkinson´s Disease (PD) is presented here, treating each dataset individually or as a four-way meta-analysis. These MCO-supported analyses made it possible to identify MMP9 and TUBB2A as potential PD genetic biomarkers based on their persistent appearance across each of the case studies. A literature search confirmed the importance of these genes in PD and indeed as PD biomarkers, which evidences the code´s potential.
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Gupta R, Kumar P. CREB1 K292 and HINFP K330 as Putative Common Therapeutic Targets in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:35780-35798. [PMID: 34984308 PMCID: PMC8717564 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Integration of omics data and deciphering the mechanism of a biological regulatory network could be a promising approach to reveal the molecular mechanism involved in the progression of complex diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Despite having an overlapping mechanism in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), the exact mechanism and signaling molecules behind them are still unknown. Further, the acetylation mechanism and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes provide a positive direction toward studying the shared phenomenon between AD and PD pathogenesis. For instance, increased expression of HDACs causes a decrease in protein acetylation status, resulting in decreased cognitive and memory function. Herein, we employed an integrative approach to analyze the transcriptomics data that established a potential relationship between AD and PD. Data preprocessing and analysis of four publicly available microarray datasets revealed 10 HUB proteins, namely, CDC42, CD44, FGFR1, MYO5A, NUMA1, TUBB4B, ARHGEF9, USP5, INPP5D, and NUP93, that may be involved in the shared mechanism of AD and PD pathogenesis. Further, we identified the relationship between the HUB proteins and transcription factors that could be involved in the overlapping mechanism of AD and PD. CREB1 and HINFP were the crucial regulatory transcription factors that were involved in the AD and PD crosstalk. Further, lysine acetylation sites and HDAC enzyme prediction revealed the involvement of 15 and 27 potential lysine residues of CREB1 and HINFP, respectively. Our results highlighted the importance of HDAC1(K292) and HDAC6(K330) association with CREB1 and HINFP, respectively, in the AD and PD crosstalk. However, different datasets with a large number of samples and wet lab experimentation are required to validate and pinpoint the exact role of CREB1 and HINFP in the AD and PD crosstalk. It is also possible that the different datasets may or may not affect the results due to analysis parameters. In conclusion, our study potentially highlighted the crucial proteins, transcription factors, biological pathways, lysine residues, and HDAC enzymes shared between AD and PD at the molecular level. The findings can be used to study molecular studies to identify the possible relationship in the AD-PD crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and
Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and
Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India
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YPK9 and WHI2 Negatively Interact during Oxidative Stress. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122584. [PMID: 34946185 PMCID: PMC8705791 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast PARK9 (YPK9) shares homology with human ATP13A2, which encodes a polyamine transporter implicated in juvenile forms of Parkinson's disease. We used YPK9 to gain insight into how ATP13A2 affects cell growth and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Surprisingly, the YPK9 deletion strain from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion collection (YKO) in wildtype BY4741 (mating type a) grew faster and was more resistant to hydrogen peroxide than a commercial, putative parental BY4741 wildtype strain (BY4741COM). In contrast, deleting YPK9 from BY4741COM rendered it very sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, suggesting its background is different from that of the deletion collection. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that BY4741COM and BY4741COMypk9∆ contain a novel premature stop codon near the 3' end of WHI2 (WHI2G1324T), whereas the collection's YPK9 deletion strain contains WHI2, which encodes a 486 amino acid protein, Whi2p. Replacing full-length WHI2 with the sequence coding for the predicted truncation (Whi2pE442*) rendered strains more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, whereas the converse replacement rendered them more resistant. The sequences of WHI2 in 20 randomly chosen strains from the collection encode the full-length protein, indicating that the putative parental BY4741 WHI2G1324T strain's genetic background differs from that of the deletion collection. Examination of WHI2 sequences in several commonly used wildtype S. cerevisiae strains and isolates revealed other Whi2p truncations that might yield altered phenotypes. Together, these results demonstrate a novel premature stop codon in WHI2 that renders yeast sensitive to hydrogen peroxide; they also reveal a negative genetic interaction between WHI2 and YPK9 in the presence of hydrogen peroxide in the BY4741 background.
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Ni YQ, Liu YS. New Insights into the Roles and Mechanisms of Spermidine in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1948-1963. [PMID: 34881079 PMCID: PMC8612618 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High incidences of morbidity and mortality associated with age-related diseases among the elderly population are a socio-economic challenge. Aging is an irreversible and inevitable process that is a risk factor for pathological progression of diverse age-related diseases. Spermidine, a natural polyamine, plays a critical role in molecular and cellular interactions involved in various physiological and functional processes. Spermidine has been shown to modulate aging, suppress the occurrence and severity of age-related diseases, and prolong lifespan. However, the precise mechanisms through which spermidine exerts its anti-aging effects have not been established. In this review, we elucidate on the mechanisms and roles underlying the beneficial effects of spermidine in aging from a molecular and cellular perspective. Moreover, we provide new insights into the promising potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of spermidine in aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Ni
- 1Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,2Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- 1Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,2Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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35
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Vavougios GD, Zarogiannis S, Barh D, Breza M, Krogfelt KA, Stamoulis G, Gourgoulianis KI. Innate immunity and metal ion trafficking pathway perturbations in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and Tuberculosis: A comparative transcriptomics approach. BRAIN DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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36
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Rahman MH, Rana HK, Peng S, Kibria MG, Islam MZ, Mahmud SMH, Moni MA. Bioinformatics and system biology approaches to identify pathophysiological impact of COVID-19 to the progression and severity of neurological diseases. Comput Biol Med 2021; 138:104859. [PMID: 34601390 PMCID: PMC8483812 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) still tends to propagate and increase the occurrence of COVID-19 across the globe. The clinical and epidemiological analyses indicate the link between COVID-19 and Neurological Diseases (NDs) that drive the progression and severity of NDs. Elucidating why some patients with COVID-19 influence the progression of NDs and patients with NDs who are diagnosed with COVID-19 are becoming increasingly sick, although others are not is unclear. In this research, we investigated how COVID-19 and ND interact and the impact of COVID-19 on the severity of NDs by performing transcriptomic analyses of COVID-19 and NDs samples by developing the pipeline of bioinformatics and network-based approaches. The transcriptomic study identified the contributing genes which are then filtered with cell signaling pathway, gene ontology, protein-protein interactions, transcription factor, and microRNA analysis. Identifying hub-proteins using protein-protein interactions leads to the identification of a therapeutic strategy. Additionally, the incorporation of comorbidity interactions score enhances the identification beyond simply detecting novel biological mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its NDs comorbidities. By computing the semantic similarity between COVID-19 and each of the ND, we have found gene-based maximum semantic score between COVID-19 and Parkinson's disease, the minimum semantic score between COVID-19 and Multiple sclerosis. Similarly, we have found gene ontology-based maximum semantic score between COVID-19 and Huntington disease, minimum semantic score between COVID-19 and Epilepsy disease. Finally, we validated our findings using gold-standard databases and literature searches to determine which genes and pathways had previously been associated with COVID-19 and NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibur Rahman
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Humayan Kabir Rana
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Silong Peng
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Dept. of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - S M Hasan Mahmud
- Dept. of Computer Science, American International University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Klatt S, Doecke JD, Roberts A, Boughton BA, Masters CL, Horne M, Roberts BR. A six-metabolite panel as potential blood-based biomarkers for Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2021; 7:94. [PMID: 34650080 PMCID: PMC8516864 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-021-00239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterisation and diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) is a current challenge that hampers both clinical assessment and clinical trial development with the potential inclusion of non-PD cases. Here, we used a targeted mass spectrometry approach to quantify 38 metabolites extracted from the serum of 231 individuals. This cohort is currently one of the largest metabolomic studies including iPD patients, drug-naïve iPD, healthy controls and patients with Alzheimer's disease as a disease-specific control group. We identified six metabolites (3-hydroxykynurenine, aspartate, beta-alanine, homoserine, ornithine (Orn) and tyrosine) that are significantly altered between iPD patients and control participants. A multivariate model to predict iPD from controls had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.905, with an accuracy of 86.2%. This panel of metabolites may serve as a potential prognostic or diagnostic assay for clinical trial prescreening, or for aiding in diagnosing pathological disease in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Klatt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - James D Doecke
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anne Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Berin A Boughton
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Malcolm Horne
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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38
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Characterizing the homeostatic regulation of the polyamine pathway using the Drosophila melanogaster model system. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Sagar NA, Tarafdar S, Agarwal S, Tarafdar A, Sharma S. Polyamines: Functions, Metabolism, and Role in Human Disease Management. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:44. [PMID: 34207607 PMCID: PMC8293435 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are the important polyamines (PAs), found in all living organisms. PAs are formed by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they facilitate cell growth and development via different cellular responses. PAs are the integrated part of the cellular and genetic metabolism and help in transcription, translation, signaling, and post-translational modifications. At the cellular level, PA concentration may influence the condition of various diseases in the body. For instance, a high PA level is detrimental to patients suffering from aging, cognitive impairment, and cancer. The levels of PAs decline with age in humans, which is associated with different health disorders. On the other hand, PAs reduce the risk of many cardiovascular diseases and increase longevity, when taken in an optimum quantity. Therefore, a controlled diet is an easy way to maintain the level of PAs in the body. Based on the nutritional intake of PAs, healthy cell functioning can be maintained. Moreover, several diseases can also be controlled to a higher extend via maintaining the metabolism of PAs. The present review discusses the types, important functions, and metabolism of PAs in humans. It also highlights the nutritional role of PAs in the prevention of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narashans Alok Sagar
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
- Food Microbiology Lab, Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnava Tarafdar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, All India Institute of Medical Science, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Surbhi Agarwal
- Department of Hematology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India;
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat 131028, Haryana, India
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Bardanzellu F, Puddu M, Peroni DG, Fanos V. The clinical impact of maternal weight on offspring health: lights and shadows in breast milk metabolome. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:571-606. [PMID: 34107825 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1940143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity, depending on maternal nutrition and metabolic state, can influence fetal, neonatal and long-term offspring health, regarding cardio-metabolic, respiratory, immunological and cognitive outcomes. Thus, maternal weight can act, through mechanisms that are not full understood, on the physiology and metabolism of some fetal organs and tissues, to adapt themselves to the intrauterine environment and nutritional reserves. These effects could occur by modulating gene expression, neonatal microbiome, and through breastfeeding. AREAS COVERED In this paper, we investigated the potential effects of metabolites found altered in breast milk (BM) of overweight/obese mothers, through an extensive review of metabolomics studies, and the potential short- and long-term clinical effects in the offspring, especially regarding overweight, glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, infections, immune processes, and neurodevelopment. EXPERT OPINION Metabolomics seems the ideal tool to investigate BM variation depending on maternal or fetal/neonatal factors. In particular, BM metabolome alterations according to maternal conditions were recently pointed out in cases of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and maternal overweight/obesity. In our opinion, even if BM is the food of choice in neonatal nutrition, the deepest comprehension of its composition in overweight/obese mothers could allow targeted supplementation, to improve offspring health and metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Bardanzellu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari. SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato. Italy
| | - Melania Puddu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari. SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato. Italy
| | - Diego Giampietro Peroni
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Italy. Via Roma, 55, 56126 Pisa PI, Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari. SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato. Italy
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Nakanishi S, Cleveland JL. Polyamine Homeostasis in Development and Disease. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 9:medsci9020028. [PMID: 34068137 PMCID: PMC8162569 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycationic polyamines are present in nearly all living organisms and are essential for mammalian cell growth and survival, and for development. These positively charged molecules are involved in a variety of essential biological processes, yet their underlying mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Several studies have shown both beneficial and detrimental effects of polyamines on human health. In cancer, polyamine metabolism is frequently dysregulated, and elevated polyamines have been shown to promote tumor growth and progression, suggesting that targeting polyamines is an attractive strategy for therapeutic intervention. In contrast, polyamines have also been shown to play critical roles in lifespan, cardiac health and in the development and function of the brain. Accordingly, a detailed understanding of mechanisms that control polyamine homeostasis in human health and disease is needed to develop safe and effective strategies for polyamine-targeted therapy.
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Rahman MH, Rana HK, Peng S, Hu X, Chen C, Quinn JMW, Moni MA. Bioinformatics and machine learning methodologies to identify the effects of central nervous system disorders on glioblastoma progression. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:6066369. [PMID: 33406529 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a common malignant brain tumor which often presents as a comorbidity with central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Both CNS disorders and GBM cells release glutamate and show an abnormality, but differ in cellular behavior. So, their etiology is not well understood, nor is it clear how CNS disorders influence GBM behavior or growth. This led us to employ a quantitative analytical framework to unravel shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and cell signaling pathways that could link CNS disorders and GBM using datasets acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets where normal tissue and disease-affected tissue were examined. After identifying DEGs, we identified disease-gene association networks and signaling pathways and performed gene ontology (GO) analyses as well as hub protein identifications to predict the roles of these DEGs. We expanded our study to determine the significant genes that may play a role in GBM progression and the survival of the GBM patients by exploiting clinical and genetic factors using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model and the Kaplan-Meier estimator. In this study, 177 DEGs with 129 upregulated and 48 downregulated genes were identified. Our findings indicate new ways that CNS disorders may influence the incidence of GBM progression, growth or establishment and may also function as biomarkers for GBM prognosis and potential targets for therapies. Our comparison with gold standard databases also provides further proof to support the connection of our identified biomarkers in the pathology underlying the GBM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibur Rahman
- Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Humayan Kabir Rana
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Bangladesh
| | - Silong Peng
- Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiyuan Hu
- Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,The Surgical Education and Research Training Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Khomutov MA, Hyvönen MT, Salikhov AI, Chizhov AO, Ryzhov IM, Kochetkov SN, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA, Khomutov AR. Synthesis of (3R,10R)- and (3S,10S)-Diastereomers of 3,10-Dimethylspermine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020060126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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Rõlova T, Lehtonen Š, Goldsteins G, Kettunen P, Koistinaho J. Metabolic and immune dysfunction of glia in neurodegenerative disorders: Focus on iPSC models. Stem Cells 2020; 39:256-265. [PMID: 33270954 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The research on neurodegenerative disorders has long focused on neuronal pathology and used transgenic mice as disease models. However, our understanding of the chronic neurodegenerative process in the human brain is still very limited. It is increasingly recognized that neuronal loss is not caused solely by intrinsic degenerative processes but rather via impaired interactions with surrounding glia and other brain cells. Dysfunctional astrocytes do not provide sufficient nutrients and antioxidants to the neurons, while dysfunctional microglia cannot efficiently clear pathogens and cell debris from extracellular space, thus resulting in chronic inflammatory processes in the brain. Importantly, human glia, especially the astrocytes, differ significantly in morphology and function from their mouse counterparts, and therefore more human-based disease models are needed. Recent advances in stem cell technology make it possible to reprogram human patients' somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and differentiate them further into patient-specific glia and neurons, thus providing a virtually unlimited source of human brain cells. This review summarizes the recent studies using iPSC-derived glial models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and discusses the applicability of these models to drug testing. This line of research has shown that targeting glial metabolism can improve the survival and function of cocultured neurons and thus provide a basis for future neuroprotective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisia Rõlova
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Šárka Lehtonen
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gundars Goldsteins
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pinja Kettunen
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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45
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Minakaki G, Krainc D, Burbulla LF. The Convergence of Alpha-Synuclein, Mitochondrial, and Lysosomal Pathways in Vulnerability of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:580634. [PMID: 33381501 PMCID: PMC7767856 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.580634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, and gait impairment, as well as a spectrum of non-motor symptoms including autonomic and cognitive dysfunction. The cardinal motor symptoms of PD stem from the loss of substantia nigra (SN) dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, and it remains unclear why SN DAergic neurons are preferentially lost in PD. However, recent identification of several genetic PD forms suggests that mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunctions play important roles in the degeneration of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. In this review, we discuss the interplay of cell-autonomous mechanisms linked to DAergic neuron vulnerability and alpha-synuclein homeostasis. Emerging studies highlight a deleterious feedback cycle, with oxidative stress, altered DA metabolism, dysfunctional lysosomes, and pathological alpha-synuclein species representing key events in the pathogenesis of PD. We also discuss the interactions of alpha-synuclein with toxic DA metabolites, as well as the biochemical links between intracellular iron, calcium, and alpha-synuclein accumulation. We suggest that targeting multiple pathways, rather than individual processes, will be important for developing disease-modifying therapies. In this context, we focus on current translational efforts specifically targeting lysosomal function, as well as oxidative stress via calcium and iron modulation. These efforts could have therapeutic benefits for the broader population of sporadic PD and related synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Minakaki
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lena F Burbulla
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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Despotović D, Longo LM, Aharon E, Kahana A, Scherf T, Gruic-Sovulj I, Tawfik DS. Polyamines Mediate Folding of Primordial Hyperacidic Helical Proteins. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4456-4462. [PMID: 33175508 PMCID: PMC7735664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are known to mediate diverse biological processes, and specifically to bind and stabilize compact conformations of nucleic acids, acting as chemical chaperones that promote folding by offsetting the repulsive negative charges of the phosphodiester backbone. However, whether and how polyamines modulate the structure and function of proteins remain unclear. In particular, early proteins are thought to have been highly acidic, like nucleic acids, due to a scarcity of basic amino acids in the prebiotic context. Perhaps polyamines, the abiotic synthesis of which is simple, could have served as chemical chaperones for such primordial proteins? We replaced all lysines of an ancestral 60-residue helix-bundle protein with glutamate, resulting in a disordered protein with 21 glutamates in total. Polyamines efficiently induce folding of this hyperacidic protein at submillimolar concentrations, and their potency scaled with the number of amine groups. Compared to cations, polyamines were several orders of magnitude more potent than Na+, while Mg2+ and Ca2+ had an effect similar to that of a diamine, inducing folding at approximately seawater concentrations. We propose that (i) polyamines and dications may have had a role in promoting folding of early proteins devoid of basic residues and (ii) coil-helix transitions could be the basis of polyamine regulation in contemporary proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Despotović
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liam M. Longo
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
- Earth-Life
Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 152-8550 Tokyo, Japan
- Blue
Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington 98154, United States
| | - Einav Aharon
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amit Kahana
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
- Department
of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Scherf
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ita Gruic-Sovulj
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dan S. Tawfik
- Department
of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute
of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
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47
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Zahedi K, Brooks M, Barone S, Rahmati N, Murray Stewart T, Dunworth M, Destefano-Shields C, Dasgupta N, Davidson S, Lindquist DM, Fuller CE, Smith RD, Cleveland JL, Casero RA, Soleimani M. Ablation of polyamine catabolic enzymes provokes Purkinje cell damage, neuroinflammation, and severe ataxia. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:301. [PMID: 33054763 PMCID: PMC7559641 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamine catabolism plays a key role in maintaining intracellular polyamine pools, yet its physiological significance is largely unexplored. Here, we report that the disruption of polyamine catabolism leads to severe cerebellar damage and ataxia, demonstrating the fundamental role of polyamine catabolism in the maintenance of cerebellar function and integrity. METHODS Mice with simultaneous deletion of the two principal polyamine catabolic enzymes, spermine oxidase and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (Smox/Sat1-dKO), were generated by the crossbreeding of Smox-KO (Smox-/-) and Sat1-KO (Sat1-/-) animals. Development and progression of tissue injury was monitored using imaging, behavioral, and molecular analyses. RESULTS Smox/Sat1-dKO mice are normal at birth, but develop progressive cerebellar damage and ataxia. The cerebellar injury in Smox/Sat1-dKO mice is associated with Purkinje cell loss and gliosis, leading to neuroinflammation and white matter demyelination during the latter stages of the injury. The onset of tissue damage in Smox/Sat1-dKO mice is not solely dependent on changes in polyamine levels as cerebellar injury was highly selective. RNA-seq analysis and confirmatory studies revealed clear decreases in the expression of Purkinje cell-associated proteins and significant increases in the expression of transglutaminases and markers of neurodegenerative microgliosis and astrocytosis. Further, the α-Synuclein expression, aggregation, and polyamination levels were significantly increased in the cerebellum of Smox/Sat1-dKO mice. Finally, there were clear roles of transglutaminase-2 (TGM2) in the cerebellar pathologies manifest in Smox/Sat1-dKO mice, as pharmacological inhibition of transglutaminases reduced the severity of ataxia and cerebellar injury in Smox/Sat1-dKO mice. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the disruption of polyamine catabolism, via coordinated alterations in tissue polyamine levels, elevated transglutaminase activity and increased expression, polyamination, and aggregation of α-Synuclein, leads to severe cerebellar damage and ataxia. These studies indicate that polyamine catabolism is necessary to Purkinje cell survival, and for sustaining the functional integrity of the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87108, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, Bldg. 289, IDTC 3315, Albuquerque, NM, 87113, USA.
- Present Address: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | - Marybeth Brooks
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Present Address: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Sharon Barone
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87108, USA
- Present Address: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Negah Rahmati
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Matthew Dunworth
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Christina Destefano-Shields
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Nupur Dasgupta
- The Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Steve Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Diana M Lindquist
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Christine E Fuller
- Upstate Medical University Department of Pathology, Syracuse, NY, 13219, USA
| | - Roger D Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Robert A Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87108, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, 915 Camino de Salud, Bldg. 289, IDTC 3315, Albuquerque, NM, 87113, USA.
- Present Address: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico College of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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Wilk P, Wątor E, Weiss MS. Prolidase - A protein with many faces. Biochimie 2020; 183:3-12. [PMID: 33045291 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prolidase is a metal-dependent peptidase specialized in the cleavage of dipeptides containing proline or hydroxyproline on their C-termini. Prolidase homologues are found in all kingdoms of life. The importance of prolidase in human health is underlined by a rare hereditary syndrome referred to as Prolidase Deficiency. A growing number of studies highlight the importance of prolidase in various other human conditions, including cancer. Some recent studies link prolidase's activity-independent regulatory role to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the enzyme or engineered variants have some applications in biotechnology. In this short review, we aim to highlight different aspects of the protein the importance of which is increasingly recognized over the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Wilk
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Wątor
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Manfred S Weiss
- Macromolecular Crystallography, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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Ghosh I, Sankhe R, Mudgal J, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Spermidine, an autophagy inducer, as a therapeutic strategy in neurological disorders. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102083. [PMID: 32873420 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine is a naturally occurring endogenous polyamine synthesized from diamine putrescine. It is a well-known autophagy inducer that maintains cellular and neuronal homeostasis. Healthy brain development and function are dependent on brain polyamine concentration. Polyamines interact with the opioid system, glutamatergic signaling and neuroinflammation in the neuronal and glial compartments. Among the polyamines, spermidine is found highest in the human brain. Age-linked fluctuations in the spermidine levels may possibly contribute to the impairments in neural network and neurogenesis. Exogenously administered spermidine helps in the treatment of brain diseases. Further, current studies highlight the ability of spermidine to promote longevity by inducing autophagy. Still, the causal neuroprotective mechanism of spermidine in neuronal dysfunction remains unidentified. This review aims to summarize various neuroprotective effects of spermidine related to anti-aging/ anti-inflammatory properties and the prevention of neurotoxicity that helps in achieving beneficial effects in age-related neurological disorder. We also expose the signaling cascades modulated by spermidine which might result in therapeutic action. The present review highlights clinical studies along with in-vivo and in-vitro preclinical studies to provide a new dimension for the therapeutic potential of spermidine in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, MHIQ, QUM Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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50
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Kelm-Nelson CA, Gammie S. Gene expression within the periaqueductal gray is linked to vocal behavior and early-onset parkinsonism in Pink1 knockout rats. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:625. [PMID: 32942992 PMCID: PMC7495669 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disease with early-stage pathology hypothesized to manifest in brainstem regions. Vocal deficits, including soft, monotone speech, result in significant clinical and quality of life issues and are present in 90% of PD patients; yet the underlying pathology mediating these significant voice deficits is unknown. The Pink1−/− rat is a valid model of early-onset PD that presents with analogous vocal communication deficits. Previous work shows abnormal α-synuclein protein aggregation in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), a brain region critical and necessary to the modulation of mammalian vocal behavior. In this study, we used high-throughput RNA sequencing to examine gene expression within the PAG of both male and female Pink1−/− rats as compared to age-matched wildtype controls. We used a bioinformatic approach to (1) test the hypothesis that loss of Pink1 in the PAG will influence the differential expression of genes that interact with Pink1, (2) highlight other key genes that relate to this type of Mendelian PD, and (3) catalog molecular targets that may be important for the production of rat vocalizations. Results Knockout of the Pink1 gene resulted in differentially expressed genes for both male and female rats that also mapped to human PD datasets. Pathway analysis highlighted several significant metabolic pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify gene nodes and their interactions in (A) males, (B) females, and (C) combined-sexes datasets. For each analysis, within the module containing the Pink1 gene, Pink1 itself was the central node with the highest number of interactions with other genes including solute carriers, glutamate metabotropic receptors, and genes associated with protein localization. Strong connections between Pink1 and Krt2 and Hfe were found in both males and female datasets. In females a number of modules were significantly correlated with vocalization traits. Conclusions Overall, this work supports the premise that gene expression changes in the PAG may contribute to the vocal deficits observed in this PD rat model. Additionally, this dataset identifies genes that represent new therapeutic targets for PD voice disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Kelm-Nelson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 University Avenue, 483 Medical Sciences Center, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Stephen Gammie
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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