1
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Forden CA. Phagolysosomal resistance hypothesized to be a danger signal. Scand J Immunol 2024:e13400. [PMID: 39138895 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Antigen presenting cells sometimes require T cell "help" to kill and decompose microbes they capture, especially when those microbes resist effector molecules including nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Pathogens are more likely to resist those effectors, shared by the innate and adaptive immune systems, than are commensals. Does such resistance alert the immune system to the danger posed by those pathogens? Several lines of evidence suggest this occurs. Mouse studies showed a surprising exacerbation, not alleviation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by suppression of nitric oxide production, but only when the suppression was applied to animals undergoing vaccination with myelin. In contrast, animals receiving T cells activated by vaccination without suppression of nitric oxide benefitted from reduced autoimmune cytotoxicity when nitric oxide production was suppressed after adoptive transfer. Vaccinia and adenovirus suppress nitric oxide production and have been successful vaccine platforms, also consistent with the above phagolysosomal resistance hypothesis. The hypothesis solves a long-standing quandary-how can nitric oxide protect against both infection and autoimmunity, especially autoimmune diseases for which it seems a major effector? The importance of physical linkage between epitopes, first proposed in Bretscher's Two-Step, Two-Signal theory dependent on B cells, is extended to include phagolysosomal resistance in general, plus a corollary proposition that the immune system detects resistance to dissociation of high-affinity pathogenic ligands from host binding sites to make neutralizing antibodies.
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2
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Neurath MF, Berg LJ. VAV1 as a putative therapeutic target in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:580-596. [PMID: 39060140 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) VAV1, a previously 'undruggable' protein integral to T/B lymphocyte antigen-receptor signaling, promotes actin polymerization, immunological synapse formation, T cell activation and differentiation, and cytokine production. With the development of novel modalities for targeting proteins, we hypothesize that interventions targeting VAV1 will have therapeutic potential in T and T/B cell-mediated autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. This opinion is supported by recent CRISPR-Cas9 studies showing VAV1 as a key positive regulator of T cell receptor (TCR) activation and cytokine production in primary human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; data demonstrating that loss/suppression of VAV1 regulates autoimmunity and inflammation; and promising preclinical data from T and T/B cell-mediated disease models of arthritis and colitis showing the effectiveness of selective VAV1 targeting via protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine, 1 & Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Kussmaul Campus for Medical Research, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie J Berg
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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3
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Garcia AC, Six N, Ma L, Morel L. Intersection of the microbiome and immune metabolism in lupus. Immunol Rev 2024; 325:77-89. [PMID: 38873851 PMCID: PMC11338729 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease resulting from a dysregulation of the immune system that involves gut dysbiosis and an altered host cellular metabolism. This review highlights novel insights and expands on the interactions between the gut microbiome and the host immune metabolism in lupus. Pathobionts, invasive pathogens, and even commensal microbes, when in dysbiosis, can all trigger and modulate immune responses through metabolic reprogramming. Changes in the microbiota's global composition or individual taxa may trigger a cascade of metabolic changes in immune cells that may, in turn, reprogram their functions. Factors contributing to dysbiosis include changes in intestinal hypoxia, competition for glucose, and limited availability of essential nutrients, such as tryptophan and metal ions, all of which can be driven by host metabolism changes. Conversely, the accumulation of some host metabolites, such as itaconate, succinate, and free fatty acids, could further influence the microbial composition and immune responses. Overall, mounting evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between host immunometabolism and the microbiota in lupus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Castellanos Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Natalie Six
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Longhuan Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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4
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Gordon RA, Cosgrove HA, Marinov A, Gingras S, Tilstra JS, Campbell AM, Bastacky SI, Kashgarian M, Perl A, Nickerson KM, Shlomchik MJ. NADPH oxidase in B cells and macrophages protects against murine lupus by regulation of TLR7. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178563. [PMID: 39042716 PMCID: PMC11343599 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of NADPH oxidase (NOX2) exacerbates systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in mice and humans, but the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. To identify the cell lineages in which NOX2 deficiency drives SLE, we employed conditional KO and chimeric approaches to delete Cybb in several hematopoietic cell lineages of MRL.Faslpr SLE-prone mice. Deletion of Cybb in macrophages/monocytes exacerbated SLE nephritis, though not to the degree observed in the Cybb global KOs. Unexpectedly, the absence of Cybb in B cells resulted in profound glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, rivaling that seen with global deletion. Furthermore, we identified that NOX2 is a key regulator of TLR7, a driver of SLE pathology, both globally and specifically in B cells. This is mediated in part through suppression of TLR7-mediated NF-κB signaling in B cells. Thus, NOX2's immunomodulatory effect in SLE is orchestrated not only by its function in the myeloid compartment, but through a pivotal role in B cells by selectively inhibiting TLR7 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A. Gordon
- Department of Immunology and
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Haylee A. Cosgrove
- Department of Immunology and
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Jeremy S. Tilstra
- Department of Immunology and
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allison M. Campbell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sheldon I. Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Kashgarian
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York, USA
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5
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Liu S, Lagos J, Shumlak NM, Largent AD, Lewis ST, Holder U, Du SW, Liu Y, Hou B, Acharya M, Jackson SW. NADPH oxidase exerts a B cell-intrinsic contribution to lupus risk by modulating endosomal TLR signals. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230774. [PMID: 38442270 PMCID: PMC10913815 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have linked loss-of-function mutations in phagocytic NADPH oxidase complex (NOX2) genes, including NCF1 and NCF2, to disease pathogenesis. The prevailing model holds that reduced NOX2 activity promotes SLE via defective efferocytosis, the immunologically silent clearance of apoptotic cells. Here, we describe a parallel B cell-intrinsic mechanism contributing to breaks in tolerance. In keeping with an important role for B cell Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways in lupus pathogenesis, NOX2-deficient B cells exhibit enhanced signaling downstream of endosomal TLRs, increased humoral responses to nucleic acid-containing antigens, and the propensity toward humoral autoimmunity. Mechanistically, TLR-dependent NOX2 activation promotes LC3-mediated maturation of TLR-containing endosomes, resulting in signal termination. CRISPR-mediated disruption of NCF1 confirmed a direct role for NOX2 in regulating endosomal TLR signaling in primary human B cells. Together, these data highlight a new B cell-specific mechanism contributing to autoimmune risk in NCF1 and NCF2 variant carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuozhi Liu
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ursula Holder
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samuel W. Du
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yifan Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baidong Hou
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mridu Acharya
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shaun W. Jackson
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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6
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Hou Q, Jiang J, Na K, Zhang X, Liu D, Jing Q, Yan C, Han Y. Bioinformatics analyses of potentially common pathogenic networks for primary Sjögren's syndrome complicated with acute myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19276. [PMID: 37935719 PMCID: PMC10630427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45896-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Both primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are intricately linked. However, their common mechanism is not fully understood. Herein, we examined the underlying network of molecular action associated with developing this complication. Datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. We performed enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses and screened key genes. We used external datasets to confirm the diagnostic performance for these hub genes. Transcription factor and microRNA regulatory networks were constructed for the validated hub genes. Finally, drug prediction and molecular docking validation were performed. We identified 62 common DEGs, many of which were enriched regarding inflammation and immune response. 5 DEGs were found as key hub genes (IGSF6, MMP9, S100A8, MNDA, and NCF2). They had high diagnostic performance in external datasets. Functional enrichment of these five hub genes showed that they were associated with the adaptive immune response. The Type 1T helper cell showed the most association among all cell types related to AMI and pSS. We identified 36 common TFs and 49 identical TF-miRNAs. The drugs, including Benzo, dexamethasone, and NADP, were predicted as potential therapeutic agents. Herein, we revealed common networks involving pSS and AMI etiologies. Knowledge of these networks and hub genes can enhance research into their associated mechanism and the development of future robust therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular), the Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kun Na
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Quanmin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular), the Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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7
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Krzyzanowski D, Oszer A, Madzio J, Zdunek M, Kolodrubiec J, Urbanski B, Mlynarski W, Janczar S. The paradox of autoimmunity and autoinflammation in inherited neutrophil disorders - in search of common patterns. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128581. [PMID: 37350970 PMCID: PMC10283154 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital defects of neutrophil number or function are associated with a severe infectious phenotype that may require intensive medical attention and interventions to be controlled. While the infectious complications in inherited neutrophil disorders are easily understood much less clear and explained are autoimmune and autoinflammatory phenomena. We survey the clinical burden of autoimmunity/autoinflammation in this setting, search for common patterns, discuss potential mechanisms and emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Krzyzanowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Oszer
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Madzio
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Zdunek
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Kolodrubiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Urbanski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Szymon Janczar
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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8
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Diamond B. Not Dead Yet. Annu Rev Immunol 2023; 41:1-15. [PMID: 37126416 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101721-065214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
I have been a scientific grasshopper throughout my career, moving from question to question within the domain of lupus. This has proven to be immensely gratifying. Scientific exploration is endlessly fascinating, and succeeding in studies you care about with colleagues and trainees leads to strong and lasting bonds. Science isn't easy; being a woman in science presents challenges, but the drive to understand a disease remains strong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Diamond
- Center of Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA;
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9
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Accapezzato D, Caccavale R, Paroli MP, Gioia C, Nguyen BL, Spadea L, Paroli M. Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076578. [PMID: 37047548 PMCID: PMC10095030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a genetically predisposed, female-predominant disease, characterized by multiple organ damage, that in its most severe forms can be life-threatening. The pathogenesis of SLE is complex and involves cells of both innate and adaptive immunity. The distinguishing feature of SLE is the production of autoantibodies, with the formation of immune complexes that precipitate at the vascular level, causing organ damage. Although progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SLE has been slower than in other rheumatic diseases, new knowledge has recently led to the development of effective targeted therapies, that hold out hope for personalized therapy. However, the new drugs available to date are still an adjunct to conventional therapy, which is known to be toxic in the short and long term. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and discuss the results obtained from the use of new targeted drugs, with a look at future therapies that may be used in the absence of the current standard of care or may even cure this serious systemic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Accapezzato
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Caccavale
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Paroli
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Gioia
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Bich Lien Nguyen
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Spadea
- Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marino Paroli
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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10
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Jiao Y, Yan Z, Yang A. Mitochondria in innate immunity signaling and its therapeutic implications in autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160035. [PMID: 37122709 PMCID: PMC10130412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by vast alterations in immune responses, but the pathogenesis remains sophisticated and yet to be fully elucidated. Multiple mechanisms regulating cell differentiation, maturation, and death are critical, among which mitochondria-related cellular organelle functions have recently gained accumulating attention. Mitochondria, as a highly preserved organelle in eukaryotes, have crucial roles in the cellular response to both exogenous and endogenous stress beyond their fundamental functions in chemical energy conversion. In this review, we aim to summarize recent findings on the function of mitochondria in the innate immune response and its aberrancy in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc., mainly focusing on its direct impact on cellular metabolism and its machinery on regulating immune response signaling pathways. More importantly, we summarize the status quo of potential therapeutic targets found in the mitochondrial regulation in the setting of autoimmune diseases and wish to shed light on future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Aiming Yang,
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11
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Wu CY, Fan WL, Yang HY, Chu PS, Liao PC, Chen LC, Yao TC, Yeh KW, Ou LS, Lin SJ, Lee WI, Huang JL. Contribution of genetic variants associated with primary immunodeficiencies to childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 151:1123-1131. [PMID: 36586539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dysregulated immune response is a hallmark of autoimmune disorders. Evidence suggests that systemic autoimmune diseases and primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) may be similar diseases with different clinical phenotypes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the burden of PID-associated genetic variants in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). METHODS We enrolled 118 cSLE patients regularly followed at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Targeted next-generation sequencing identified PID genetic variants in patients versus 1475 unrelated healthy individuals, which were further filtered by allelic frequency and various functional scores. Customized immune assays tested the functions of the identified variants. RESULTS On filtration, 36 patients (30.5%) harbored rare variants in PID-associated genes predicted to be damaging. One homozygous TREX1 (c.294dupA) mutation and 4 heterozygous variants with possible dominant PID traits, including BCL11B (c.G1040T), NFKB1 (c.T695G), and NFKB2 (c.G1210A, c.G1651A), were discovered. With recessive traits, variants were found across all PID types; one fifth involved phagocyte number or function defects. Predicted pathogenic PID variants were more predominant in those with a family history of lupus, regardless of infection susceptibility. Moreover, mutation loads were greater among cSLE patients than controls despite sex or age at disease onset. While greater mutation loads were observed among cSLE patients with peripubertal disease onset, no significant differences in sex or phenotype were noted among cSLE patients. CONCLUSION cSLE is mostly not monogenic. Gene-specific analysis and mutation load investigations suggested that rare and predicted damaging variants in PID-related genes can potentially contribute to cSLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lang Fan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Shuang Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Syh-Jae Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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12
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Loh W, Vermeren S. Anti-Inflammatory Neutrophil Functions in the Resolution of Inflammation and Tissue Repair. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244076. [PMID: 36552840 PMCID: PMC9776979 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are highly abundant circulating leukocytes that are amongst the first cells to be recruited to sites of infection or sterile injury. Their ability to generate and release powerful cytotoxic products ties with their role in host defence from bacterial and fungal infections. Neutrophilic inflammation is tightly regulated to limit the amount of 'bystander injury' caused. Neutrophils were in the past regarded as short-lived, indiscriminate killers of invading microorganisms. However, this view has changed quite dramatically in recent years. Amongst other insights, neutrophils are now recognised to also have important anti-inflammatory functions that are critical for the resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This minireview focusses on anti-inflammatory neutrophil functions, placing a particular focus on recent findings linked to neutrophil cell death, several types of which may be anti-inflammatory (apoptosis, secondary necrosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps). These are discussed together with features that may further promote the clearance of dead cells by efferocytosis and reprogramming of macrophages to promote resolution and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waywen Loh
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
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13
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Ji H, Liu Z, Wang F, Sun H, Wang N, Liu Y, Hu S, You C. Novel macrophage-related gene prognostic index for glioblastoma associated with M2 macrophages and T cell dysfunction. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941556. [PMID: 36177003 PMCID: PMC9513135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to construct a Macrophage-Related Gene Prognostic Index (MRGPI) for glioblastoma (GBM) and explore the underlying molecular, metabolic, and immunological features. Based on the GBM dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 156), 13 macrophage-related hub genes were identified by weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analysis. 5 prognostic genes screened by Kaplan-Meire (K-M) analysis and Cox regression model were used to construct the MRGPI, including GPR84, NCF2, HK3, LILRB2, and CCL18. Multivariate Cox regression analysis found that the MRGPI was an independent risk factor (HR = 2.81, CI95: 1.13-6.98, p = 0.026), leading to an unfavorable outcome for the MRGPI-high group, which was further validated by 4 validation GBM cohorts (n = 728). Thereafter, the molecular, metabolic, and immune features and the clinical implications of the MRGPI-based groups were comprehensively characterized. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) found that immune-related pathways, including inflammatory and adaptive immune response, and activated eicosanoid metabolic pathways were enriched in the MRGPI-high group. Besides, genes constituting the MRGPI was primarily expressed by monocytes and macrophages at single-cell scope and was associated with the alternative activation of macrophages. Moreover, correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed the relevance between the MRGPI with the expression of immune checkpoints and T cell dysfunction. Thus, the responsiveness of samples in the MRGPI-high group to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) was detected by algorithms, including Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) and Submap. In contrast, the MRGPI-low group had favorable outcome, was less immune active and insensitive to ICI. Together, we have developed a promising biomarker to classify the prognosis, metabolic and immune features for GBM, and provide references for facilitating the personalized application of ICI in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haogeng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao You, ; Shaoshan Hu, ; Yi Liu,
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chao You, ; Shaoshan Hu, ; Yi Liu,
| | - Chao You
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chao You, ; Shaoshan Hu, ; Yi Liu,
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14
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He C, Luo H, Coelho A, Liu M, Li Q, Xu J, Krämer A, Malin S, Yuan Z, Holmdahl R. NCF4 dependent intracellular reactive oxygen species regulate plasma cell formation. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102422. [PMID: 36095971 PMCID: PMC9482113 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by genetically determined variants of the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex component, NCF4, leads to enhanced production of autoantibodies to collagen type II (COL2) and severe collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. To further understand this process, we used mice harboring a mutation in the lipid endosomal membrane binding site (R58A) of NCF4 subunit. This mutation did not affect the extracellular ROS responses but showed instead decreased intracellular responses following B cell stimulation. Immunization with COL2 led to severe arthritis with increased antibody levels in Ncf458A mutated animals without significant effects on antigen presentation, autoreactive T cell activation and germinal center formation. Instead, plasma cell formation was enhanced and had altered CXCR3/CXCR4 expression. This B cell intrinsic effect was further confirmed with chimeric B cell transfer experiments and in vitro LPS or CD40L with anti-IgM stimulation. We conclude that NCF4 regulates the terminal differentiation of B cells to plasma cells through intracellular ROS. Ncf4R58A selectively affects intracellular ROS production after stimulation. Decreased intracellular ROS in B cell promotes plasma cell formation intrinsically. BCR stimulation induced NOX2 complex-ROS regulates CXCR3 expression on plasma cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang He
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Huqiao Luo
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Coelho
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meng Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qijing Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Alexander Krämer
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen Malin
- Department of Medicine Solna (MedS) Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; National Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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15
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Meng Y, Ma J, Yao C, Ye Z, Ding H, Liu C, Li J, Li G, He Y, Li J, Yin Z, Wu L, Zhou H, Shen N. The NCF1 variant aggravates autoimmunity by facilitating the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:153619. [PMID: 35788118 PMCID: PMC9374378 DOI: 10.1172/jci153619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a professional type I IFN producer that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, both genetic regulation of the function of pDCs and their relationships with autoimmunity are largely undetermined. Here, we investigated the causality of the neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) missense variant, which is one of the most significant associated risk variants for lupus, and found that the substitution of arginine (R) for histidine (H) at position 90 in the NCF1 protein (NCF1 p.R90H) led to excessive activation of pDCs. A mechanism study demonstrated that p.R90H reduced the affinity of NCF1 for phospholipids, thereby impairing endosomal localization of NCF1. As NCF1 is a subunit of the NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex, this impairment led to an acidified endosomal pH and facilitated downstream TLR signaling. Consistently, the homozygous knockin mice manifested aggravated lupus progression in a pDC-dependent lupus model. More important, pharmaceutical intervention revealed that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) could antagonize the detrimental function of NCF1 p.R90H in the lupus model and systemic lupus erythematosus samples, supporting the idea that NCF1 p.R90H could be identified as a genetic biomarker for HCQ application. Therefore, our study provides insights into the genetic control of pDC function and a paradigm for applying genetic variants to improve targeted therapy for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyang Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihua Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuke He
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Fazel-Najafabadi M, Rallabandi HR, Singh MK, Maiti GP, Morris J, Looger LL, Nath SK. Discovery and Functional Characterization of Two Regulatory Variants Underlying Lupus Susceptibility at 2p13.1. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061016. [PMID: 35741778 PMCID: PMC9222795 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified 2p13.1 as a prominent susceptibility locus for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)—a complex, multisystem autoimmune disease. However, the identity of underlying causal variant (s) and molecular mechanisms for increasing disease susceptibility are poorly understood. Using meta-analysis (cases = 10,252, controls = 21,604) followed by conditional analysis, bioinformatic annotation, and eQTL and 3D-chromatin interaction analyses, we computationally prioritized potential functional variants and subsequently experimentally validated their effects. Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis revealed striking allele frequency differences between Asian and European ancestries, but with similar odds ratios. We identified 20 genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) variants, and conditional analysis pinpointed two potential functional variants, rs6705628 and rs2272165, likely to explain the association. The two SNPs are near DGUOK, mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase, and its associated antisense RNA DGUOK-AS1. Using luciferase reporter gene assays, we found significant cell type- and allele-specific promoter activity at rs6705628 and enhancer activity at rs2272165. This is supported by ChIP-qPCR showing allele-specific binding with three histone marks (H3K27ac, H3K4me3, and H3K4me1), RNA polymerase II (Pol II), transcriptional coactivator p300, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), and transcription factor ARID3A. Transcriptome data across 28 immune cell types from Asians showed both SNPs are cell-type-specific but only in B-cells. Splicing QTLs showed strong regulation of DGUOK-AS1. Genotype-specific DGOUK protein levels are supported by Western blots. Promoter capture Hi-C data revealed long-range chromatin interactions between rs2272165 and several nearby promoters, including DGUOK. Taken together, we provide mechanistic insights into how two noncoding variants underlie SLE risk at the 2p13.1 locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fazel-Najafabadi
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (M.F.-N.); (H.-R.R.); (M.K.S.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Harikrishna-Reddy Rallabandi
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (M.F.-N.); (H.-R.R.); (M.K.S.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Manish K. Singh
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (M.F.-N.); (H.-R.R.); (M.K.S.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Guru P. Maiti
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (M.F.-N.); (H.-R.R.); (M.K.S.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Jacqueline Morris
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
| | - Loren L. Looger
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA 92121, USA;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Correspondence: (L.L.L.); (S.K.N.)
| | - Swapan K. Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (M.F.-N.); (H.-R.R.); (M.K.S.); (G.P.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.L.); (S.K.N.)
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17
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Gordon RA, Giannouli C, Raparia C, Bastacky SI, Marinov A, Hawse W, Cattley R, Tilstra JS, Campbell AM, Nickerson KM, Davidson A, Shlomchik MJ. Rubicon promotes rather than restricts murine lupus and is not required for LC3-associated phagocytosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155537. [PMID: 35192551 PMCID: PMC9057630 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase deficiency exacerbates lupus in murine models and patients, but the mechanisms remain unknown. It is hypothesized that NADPH oxidase suppresses autoimmunity by facilitating dead cell clearance via LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). The absence of LAP reportedly causes an autoinflammatory syndrome in aged, nonautoimmune mice. Prior work implicated cytochrome b-245, β polypeptide (CYBB), a component of the NADPH oxidase complex, and the RUN and cysteine-rich domain-containing Beclin 1-interacting protein (RUBICON) as requisite for LAP. To test the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase deficiency exacerbates lupus via a defect in LAP, we deleted Rubicon in the B6.Sle1.Yaa and MRL.Faslpr lupus mouse models. Under this hypothesis, RUBICON deficiency should phenocopy NADPH oxidase deficiency, as both work in the same pathway. However, we observed the opposite - RUBICON deficiency resulted in reduced mortality, renal disease, and autoantibody titers to RNA-associated autoantigens. Given that our data contradict the published role for LAP in autoimmunity, we assessed whether CYBB and RUBICON are requisite for LAP. We found that LAP is not dependent on either of these 2 pathways. To our knowledge, our data reveal RUBICON as a novel regulator of SLE, possibly by a B cell-intrinsic mechanism, but do not support a role for LAP in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A. Gordon
- Department of Immunology and,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina Giannouli
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Chirag Raparia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Sheldon I. Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jeremy S. Tilstra
- Department of Immunology and,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allison M. Campbell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Anne Davidson
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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18
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Bolouri N, Akhtari M, Farhadi E, Mansouri R, Faezi ST, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Role of the innate and adaptive immune responses in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:537-554. [PMID: 35298669 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the most common form of lupus, is a multisystemic rheumatic disease with different clinical features that generally affect women of childbearing age. The common symptoms of SLE are very similar to other autoimmune and non-autoimmune disorders, thereby it is known as a thousand faces disease. In this article, we are going to discuss some of the most updated information about immune system-related factors, cells, and cytokines involved in SLE pathogenesis. METHODS Different electronic databases, especially PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched to review and analyze relevant literature on the role of innate and adaptive immune cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of SLE. A search for relevant literature was accomplished using various keywords including systemic lupus erythematosus, apoptosis, autoantibodies, immunopathogenesis of SLE, adaptive and innate immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, hormones, etc. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The most important characteristic of SLE is the production of antibodies against different nuclear autoantigens like double-strand DNA and RNA. The depositions of the immune complexes (ICs) that are generated between autoantibodies and autoantigens, along with aberrant clearance of them, can lead to permanent inflammation and contribute to tissue or organ damage. Related mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of SLE have not been clarified yet. Although, defects in immune tolerance, enhanced antigenic load, hyperactivity of T cells, and inappropriate regulation of B cells contribute to the pathogenic autoantibodies generation. Besides, sex hormones that influence the immune system seem to act as triggers or protectors of SLE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Bolouri
- Immunology Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhtari
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Farhadi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mansouri
- Immunology Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Harley ITW, Sawalha AH. Systemic lupus erythematosus as a genetic disease. Clin Immunol 2022; 236:108953. [PMID: 35149194 PMCID: PMC9167620 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.108953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is the prototypical systemic autoimmune disease, as it is characterized both by protean multi-organ system manifestations and by the uniform presence of pathogenic autoantibodies directed against components of the nucleus. Prior to the modern genetic era, the diverse clinical manifestations of SLE suggested to many that SLE patients were unlikely to share a common genetic risk basis. However, modern genetic studies have revealed that SLE usually arises when an environmental exposure occurs in an individual with a collection of genetic risk variants passing a liability threshold. Here, we summarize the current state of the field aimed at: (1) understanding the genetic architecture of this complex disease, (2) synthesizing how this genetic risk architecture impacts cellular and molecular disease pathophysiology, (3) providing illustrative examples that highlight the rich complexity of the pathobiology of this prototypical autoimmune disease and (4) communicating this complex etiopathogenesis to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac T W Harley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Initiative (HI(3)), Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran's Administration Medical Center (VAMC), Medicine Service, Rheumatology Section, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Lupus Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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20
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Teng X, Brown J, Morel L. Redox Homeostasis Involvement in the Pharmacological Effects of Metformin in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:462-479. [PMID: 34619975 PMCID: PMC8982129 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Metformin has been proposed as a treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The primary target of metformin, the electron transport chain complex I in the mitochondria, is associated with redox homeostasis in immune cells, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This review addresses the evidence and knowledge gaps on whether a beneficial effect of metformin in lupus may be due to a restoration of a balanced redox state. Recent Advances: Clinical trials in SLE patients with mild-to-moderate disease activity and preclinical studies in mice have provided encouraging results for metformin. The mechanism by which this therapeutic effect was achieved is largely unknown. Metformin regulates redox homeostasis in a context-specific manner. Multiple cell types contribute to SLE, with evidence of increased mitochondrial oxidative stress in T cells and neutrophils. Critical Issues: The major knowledge gaps are whether the efficacy of metformin is linked to a restored redox homeostasis in the immune system, and if it does, in which cell types it occurs? We also need to know which patients may have a better response to metformin, and whether it corresponds to a specific mechanism? Finally, the identification of biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes would be of great value. Future Directions: Mechanistic studies must address the context-dependent pharmacological effects of metformin. Multiple cell types as well as a complex disease etiology should be considered. These studies must integrate the rapid advances made in understanding how metabolic programs direct the effector functions of immune cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 462-479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Teng
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Josephine Brown
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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21
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Leffers HCB, Westergaard D, Saevarsdottir S, Jonsdottir I, Pedersen OB, genomic consortium DBDS, Troldborg A, Voss A, Kristensen S, Lindhardsen J, Kumar P, Linauskas A, Juul L, Krogh NS, Deleuran B, Dreyer L, Schwinn M, Thørner LW, Hindhede L, Erikstrup C, Ullum H, Brunak S, Stefansson K, Banasik K, Jacobsen S. Established risk loci for systemic lupus erythematosus at NCF2, STAT4, TNPO3, IRF5 and ITGAM associate with distinct clinical manifestations: a Danish genome-wide association study. Joint Bone Spine 2022; 89:105357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Feng L, Xu L, Li X, Xue J, Li T, Duan X. A Combined Analysis of Transcriptome and Proteome Reveals the Inhibitory Mechanism of a Novel Oligosaccharide Ester against Penicillium italicum. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020111. [PMID: 35205865 PMCID: PMC8877838 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue mold caused by Penicillium italicum is one of the most serious postharvest diseases of citrus fruit. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of a novel oligosaccharide ester, 6-O-β-L-mannopyranosyl-3-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-4-O-(8-methyldecanoyl)-2-O-(4-methyl-hexanoyl) trehalose (MTE-1), against P. italicum. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), along with transcriptome and proteome analysis also, were conducted to illuminate the underlying mechanism. Results showed that MTE-1 significantly inhibited P. italicum growth in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, MTE-1 suppressed the disease development of citrus fruit inoculated with P. italicum. Furthermore, ultrastructure observation, as well as transcriptome and proteome analysis, indicated that MTE-1 treatment damaged the cell wall and plasma membrane in spores and mycelia of P. italicum. In addition, MTE-1 regulated genes or proteins involved in primary metabolism, cell-wall metabolism, and pathogenicity. These results demonstrate that MTE-1 inhibited P. italicum by damaging cell walls and membranes and disrupting normal cellular metabolism. These findings contribute to the understanding of the possible molecular action of MTE-1. Finally, MTE-1 also provides a new natural strategy for controlling diseases in postharvest fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.F.); (J.X.)
| | - Liangxiong Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou 510607, China; (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaojie Li
- School of Life Sciences, Huizhou University, Huizhou 510607, China; (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Jinghua Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.F.); (J.X.)
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.F.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (X.D.)
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (L.F.); (J.X.)
- Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
- Correspondence: (T.L.); (X.D.)
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Acharya M, Jackson SW. Regulatory strategies limiting endosomal Toll-like receptor activation in B cells. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:66-78. [PMID: 35040152 PMCID: PMC8986562 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of pathogen-associated nucleic acid (NA) promotes effective immunity against invading pathogens. However, endosomal Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation by self-NA also underlies the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). For this reason, the activation thresholds of NA-sensing TLRs must be tightly regulated to balance protective and pathogenic immune responses. In this study, we will provide an overview of the evolutionary mechanisms designed to limit the aberrant activation of endosomal TLRs by self-ligands, focusing on four broad strategies. These include the following: 1) the production of nucleases able to degrade self-DNA and RNA; 2) the cell-specific regulation of endosomal TLR expression; 3) the spatial and temporal control of TLR positioning at a sub-cellular level; and 4) the modulation of downstream TLR signaling cascades. Given the critical role of B cells in lupus pathogenesis, where possible, we will describe evidence for B cell-specific induction of these regulatory mechanisms. We will also highlight our own work showing how modulation of B cell endolysosomal flux tunes NA-sensing TLR activation signals. In the face of inevitable generation of self-NA during normal cellular turnover, these parallel mechanisms are vital to protect against pathogenic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridu Acharya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Shaun W Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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24
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Bakutenko IY, Haurylchyk ID, Nikitchenko NV, Sechko E, Kozyro IA, Tchitchko AM, Batyan GM, Sukalo AV, Ryabokon NI. Neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2) gene polymorphism is associated with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, but probably not with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases in children. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1859. [PMID: 34971477 PMCID: PMC8801135 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations of neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2), a subunit of NADPH oxidase, are usually associated with chronic granulomatous disease, and their relationship with autoimmune disorders through the defective NADPH oxidase function during phagocytosis is suggested. Our study aimed to explore whether there is an association between the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCF2 gene (rs17849502, NC_000001.11:g.183563445G>T) and the development of juvenile autoimmune rheumatic diseases. METHODS In order to test this hypothesis, we conducted a pilot case-control study. In total, 709 children and adolescents, all Belarusians, were involved in the study including patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), Kawasaki disease (KD), and subjects without autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as the clinical control, as well as health newborns as the population control. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used for genotyping. RESULTS The minor T allele of NCF2 occurred most frequently in patients with JSLE (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.18-5.73, p = 0.023 as compared to the clinical control). In groups with JIA and KD, its frequency did not differ from the control. The TT genotype was only observed in 5.7% of patients with JSLE (p = 0.007), but not in other groups. CONCLUSION Therefore, our study suggested that NCF2 rs17849502 polymorphism is a potential genetic risk factor for JSLE, while it is probably not for such autoimmune rheumatic diseases as JIA or KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y. Bakutenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Irena D. Haurylchyk
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Natalia V. Nikitchenko
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
| | - Elena V. Sechko
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Inna A. Kozyro
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Alexei M. Tchitchko
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Galina M. Batyan
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Alexander V. Sukalo
- 1st Department of Childhood DiseasesBelarusian State Medical UniversityMinskBelarus
| | - Nadezhda I. Ryabokon
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Genome StabilityInstitute of Genetics and CytologyNational Academy of Sciences of BelarusMinskBelarus
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25
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Geng L, Zhao J, Deng Y, Molano I, Xu X, Xu L, Ruiz P, Li Q, Feng X, Zhang M, Tan W, Kamen DL, Bae SC, Gilkeson GS, Sun L, Tsao BP. Human SLE variant NCF1-R90H promotes kidney damage and murine lupus through enhanced Tfh2 responses induced by defective efferocytosis of macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 81:255-267. [PMID: 34556485 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously identified a hypomorphic variant, p.Arg90His (p.R90H) of neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1, a regulatory subunit of phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 complex), as an putative causal variant for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and established a knock-in (KI) H90 variant in the C57BL/6 background to study how this variant promotes lupus development. METHODS Wild type (WT) and KI littermates were assessed for immune profiles and lupus-like features. Disease activity and renal damage of patients with SLE were assessed by systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and renal items of systemic lupus international collaborating clinics (SLICC), respectively. RESULTS Compared with WT littermates, 5-week-old homozygous KI mice had reduced oxidative burst, splenomegaly, elevated type I interferon (IFN-I) scores, increased ratios of splenic follicular T helper 2 (Tfh2) to either T follicular regulatory (Tfr) or Tfh1 cells, increased ANA+ follicular, germinal centre and plasma cells without spontaneous kidney disease up to 1 year of age. Pristane treatment exacerbated the immune dysregulation and induced IFN-I-dependent kidney disease in 36-week-old H90 KI female mice. Decreased efferocytosis of macrophages derived from KI mice and patients with homozygous H90 SLE promoted elevated ratios of Tfh2/Tfr and Tfh2/Tfh1 as well as dysregulated humoral responses due to reduced voltage-gated proton channel 1 (Hv1)-dependent acidification of phagosome pH to neutralise the decreased electrogenic effect of the H90 variant, resulting in impaired maturation and phagosome proteolysis, and increased autoantibody production and kidney damage in mice and patients with SLE of multiple ancestries. CONCLUSIONS A lupus causal variant, NCF1-H90, reduces macrophage efferocytosis, enhances Tfh2 responses and promotes autoantibody production and kidney damage in both mice and patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Geng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yun Deng
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ivan Molano
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xue Xu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Phillip Ruiz
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Quanzhen Li
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diane L Kamen
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases and Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology, Seoul, The Republic of Korea
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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26
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Roos D, van Leeuwen K, Hsu AP, Priel DL, Begtrup A, Brandon R, Rawat A, Vignesh P, Madkaikar M, Stasia MJ, Bakri FG, de Boer M, Roesler J, Köker N, Köker MY, Jakobsen M, Bustamante J, Garcia-Morato MB, Shephard JLV, Cagdas D, Tezcan I, Sherkat R, Mortaz E, Fayezi A, Shahrooei M, Wolach B, Blancas-Galicia L, Kanegane H, Kawai T, Condino-Neto A, Vihinen M, Zerbe CS, Holland SM, Malech HL, Gallin JI, Kuhns DB. Hematologically important mutations: The autosomal forms of chronic granulomatous disease (third update). Blood Cells Mol Dis 2021; 92:102596. [PMID: 34547651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2021.102596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an immunodeficiency disorder affecting about 1 in 250,000 individuals. CGD patients suffer from severe, recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. The disease is caused by mutations in the genes encoding the components of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase. This enzyme produces superoxide, which is subsequently metabolized to hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species (ROS). These products are essential for intracellular killing of pathogens by phagocytic leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and macrophages). The leukocyte NADPH oxidase is composed of five subunits, four of which are encoded by autosomal genes. These are CYBA, encoding p22phox, NCF1, encoding p47phox, NCF2, encoding p67phox and NCF4, encoding p40phox. This article lists all mutations identified in these genes in CGD patients. In addition, cytochrome b558 chaperone-1 (CYBC1), recently recognized as an essential chaperone protein for the expression of the X-linked NADPH oxidase component gp91phox (also called Nox2), is encoded by the autosomal gene CYBC1. Mutations in this gene also lead to CGD. Finally, RAC2, a small GTPase of the Rho family, is needed for activation of the NADPH oxidase, and mutations in the RAC2 gene therefore also induce CGD-like symptoms. Mutations in these last two genes are also listed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Roos
- Sanquin Research, and Karl Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Karin van Leeuwen
- Sanquin Research, and Karl Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amy P Hsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debra Long Priel
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Amit Rawat
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Paediatric Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manesha Madkaikar
- National Institute of Immunohaematology, ICMR, 13th Floor, KEM Hospital Campus, Mumbai, Parel 400012, India
| | - Marie José Stasia
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Chronic Granulomatous Disease Diagnosis and Research Centre (CDiReC), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Faris Ghalib Bakri
- Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Center, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Martin de Boer
- Sanquin Research, and Karl Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim Roesler
- Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nezihe Köker
- Dept of Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey; Dept of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Yavuz Köker
- Dept of Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Marianne Jakobsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, INSERM, U550, and René Descartes University, Necker Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Maria Bravo Garcia-Morato
- Department of Immunology, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER U767), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Deniz Cagdas
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Immunology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Immunology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Roya Sherkat
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mortaz
- Dept of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Fayezi
- Dept of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Specialized Immunology Laboratory of Dr. Shahrooei, Ahvaz, Iran; Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical and Diagnostic Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Baruch Wolach
- Dept of Pediatrics and Laboratory for Leukocyte Function, Meir Medical Centre, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | | | - Hirokazu Kanegane
- Dept of Child Health and Development, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Toshinao Kawai
- Division of Immunology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Dept of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mauno Vihinen
- Dept of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC B13, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Christa S Zerbe
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harry L Malech
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John I Gallin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
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Liu Y, Kaplan MJ. Neutrophil Dysregulation in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2021; 47:317-333. [PMID: 34215366 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The recent identifications of a subset of proinflammatory neutrophils, low-density granulocytes, and their ability to readily form neutrophil extracellular traps led to a resurgence of interest in neutrophil dysregulation in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This article presents an overview on how neutrophil dysregulation modulates the innate and adaptive immune responses in SLE and their putative roles in disease pathogenesis. The therapeutic potential of targeting this pathogenic process in the treatment of SLE is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, 12N248C, Bethesda, MD 20892-1930, USA.
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28
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Xian H, Huang W, Sun T, Yang S, Zhang C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Cui J. Unanchored ubiquitin chain sustains RIG-I-induced interferon-I activation and controls selective gene expression. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:794-802. [PMID: 36654136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-induced antiviral responses. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms of RIG-I activity mediated by conjugated and unanchored ubiquitin chains remain to be determined. In this study, we discovered that T55 of RIG-I was required for its binding ability for the unanchored ubiquitin chains. Experimental and mathematical analysis showed that unanchored ubiquitin chains associated with RIG-I were essential for sustained activation of type I interferon (IFN) signaling. Transcriptomics study revealed that the binding of RIG-I with unanchored ubiquitin chains additionally regulated the expression of a subset of metabolic and cell fate decision genes. Moreover, we found that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) and USP3 deubiquitinate conjugated and unanchored ubiquitin chains on RIG-I respectively. Taken together, characterization of the regulation mode and functions of conjugated ubiquitination and the unconjugated ubiquitin chain-binding of RIG-I may provide means to fine-tune RIG-I-mediated type I IFN signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Xian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Wanming Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Tingzhe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chuanxia Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Jun Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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29
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Ohl K, Tenbrock K. Oxidative Stress in SLE T Cells, Is NRF2 Really the Target to Treat? Front Immunol 2021; 12:633845. [PMID: 33968025 PMCID: PMC8102865 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major component of cellular damage in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) resulting amongst others in the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells. The NRF2/Keap1 pathway is the most important antioxidant system protecting cells from damage due to oxidative stress. Activation of NRF2 therefore seems to represent a putative therapeutic target in SLE, which is nevertheless challenged by several findings suggesting tissue and cell specific differences in the effect of NRF2 expression. This review focusses on the current understanding of oxidative stress in SLE T cells and its pathophysiologic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ohl
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus Tenbrock
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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30
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Zhang D, Hugo W, Redublo P, Miao H, Bergsneider M, Wang MB, Kim W, Yong WH, Heaney AP. A human ACTH-secreting corticotroph tumoroid model: Novel Human ACTH-Secreting Tumor Cell in vitro Model. EBioMedicine 2021; 66:103294. [PMID: 33773184 PMCID: PMC8024915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cushing disease (CD), although rare, is a life-threatening disorder caused by an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, which leads to excess adrenal-derived cortisol. Efficacious and safe medical therapies that control both hormonal hypersecretion and pituitary corticotroph tumor growth remain an unmet need in the management of CD. Translational research in pituitary tumors has been significantly hampered by limited quantities of surgically resected tissue for ex vivo studies, and unavailability of human pituitary tumor cell models. METHODS To characterize human corticotroph tumors at the cellular level, we employed single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study 4 surgically resected tumors. We also used microarrays to compare individualized paired consecutive culture passages to understand transcriptional shifts as in vitro cultures lost ACTH secretion. Based on these findings, we then modified our in vitro culture methods to develop sustained ACTH-secreting human corticotroph tumoroid cultures. FINDINGS scRNA-seq identified 4 major cell populations, namely corticotroph tumor (73.6%), stromal (11.2%), progenitor (8.3%), and immune cells (6.8%). Microarray analysis revealed striking changes in extracellular matrix, cell adhesion and motility-related genes concordant with loss of ACTH secretion during conventional 2D culture. Based on these findings, we subsequently defined a series of crucial culture nutrients and scaffold modifications that provided a more favorable trophic and structural environment that could maintain ACTH secretion in in vitro human corticotroph tumor cultures for up to 4 months. INTERPRETATION Our human corticotroph tumoroid model is a significant advance in the field of pituitary tumors and will further enable translational research studies to identify critically needed therapies for CD. FUNDING This work was partly funded by NCI P50-CA211015 and the Warley Trust Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Zhang
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Willy Hugo
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Peter Redublo
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Hui Miao
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Marvin Bergsneider
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Marilene B Wang
- Departments of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Won Kim
- Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - William H Yong
- Departments of Pathology and Lab Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Anthony P Heaney
- Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States; Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
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31
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Rawat A, Vignesh P, Sudhakar M, Sharma M, Suri D, Jindal A, Gupta A, Shandilya JK, Loganathan SK, Kaur G, Chawla S, Patra PK, Khadwal A, Saikia B, Minz RW, Aggarwal V, Taur P, Pandrowala A, Gowri V, Desai M, Kulkarni M, Hule G, Bargir U, Kambli P, Madkaikar M, Bhattad S, Ginigeri C, Kumar H, Jayaram A, Munirathnam D, Sivasankaran M, Raj R, Uppuluri R, Na F, George B, Lashkari HP, Kalra M, Sachdeva A, Seth S, Sabui T, Gupta A, van Leeuwen K, de Boer M, Chan KW, Imai K, Ohara O, Nonoyama S, Lau YL, Singh S. Clinical, Immunological, and Molecular Profile of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: A Multi-Centric Study of 236 Patients From India. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625320. [PMID: 33717137 PMCID: PMC7946827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited defect in phagocytic respiratory burst that results in severe and life-threatening infections in affected children. Single center studies from India have shown that proportion of autosomal recessive (AR) CGD is more than that reported from the West. Further, affected patients have high mortality rates due to late referrals and difficulties in accessing appropriate treatment. However, there is lack of multicentric collaborative data on CGD from India. Objective To describe infection patterns, immunological, and molecular features of CGD from multiple centers in India. Methods A detailed proforma that included clinical and laboratory details was prepared and sent to multiple centers in India that are involved in the care and management of patients with inborn errors of immunity. Twelve centers have provided data which were later pooled together and analyzed. Results Of the 236 patients analyzed in our study, X-linked and AR-CGD was seen in 77 and 97, respectively. Male female ratio was 172:64. Median age at onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 8 and 24 months, respectively. Common infections documented include pneumonia (71.6%), lymphadenitis (31.6%), skin and subcutaneous abscess (23.7%), blood-stream infection (13.6%), osteomyelitis (8.6%), liver abscess (7.2%), lung abscess (2.9%), meningoencephalitis (2.5%), splenic abscess (1.7%), and brain abscess (0.9%). Forty-four patients (18.6%) had evidence of mycobacterial infection. Results of molecular assay were available for 141 patients (59.7%)—CYBB (44.7%) gene defect was most common, followed by NCF1 (31.9%), NCF2 (14.9%), and CYBA (8.5%). While CYBA variants were documented only in Southern and Western parts of India, a common dinucleotide deletion in NCF2 (c.835_836delAC) was noted only in North Indian population. Of the 174 patients with available outcome data, 67 (38.5%) had expired. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was carried out in 23 patients, and 12 are doing well on follow-up. Conclusions In India, proportion of patients with AR-CGD is higher as compared to Western cohorts, though regional differences in types of AR-CGD exist. Clinical profile and mortality rates are similar in both X-linked and AR-CGD. However, this may be a reflection of the fact that milder forms of AR-CGD are probably being missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Rawat
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Murugan Sudhakar
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhubala Sharma
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepti Suri
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anju Gupta
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Shandilya
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Loganathan
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanchi Chawla
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Patra
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Biman Saikia
- Department of Immunopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjana Walker Minz
- Department of Immunopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vaishali Aggarwal
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prasad Taur
- Department of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Ambreen Pandrowala
- Department of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Vijaya Gowri
- Department of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Mukesh Desai
- Department of Immunology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Gauri Hule
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Umair Bargir
- ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Sagar Bhattad
- Department of Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Chetan Ginigeri
- Department of Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Deenadayalan Munirathnam
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanchi Kamakoti Child Trust Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Meena Sivasankaran
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanchi Kamakoti Child Trust Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Fouzia Na
- Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Manas Kalra
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajendra Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shishir Seth
- Apollo Cancer Institute, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Savita Vihar, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aman Gupta
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology & Immunology, MEDENS Hospital, Panchkula, India
| | - Karin van Leeuwen
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin de Boer
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koon Wing Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kohsuke Imai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shigeaki Nonoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yu Lung Lau
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Surjit Singh
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Bakry O, Shoeib M, Soliman S, Kamal L. Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor-1 Genotyping in Acne Vulgaris. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 34:51-56. [PMID: 33596590 DOI: 10.1159/000513053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris (AV) is a very common inflammatory dermatosis. It has a complex pathogenesis in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Neutrophil cytosolic factor (NCF)-1 gene encodes for NCF1 protein which shares in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Copy number variation (CNV) is a type of genetic variance in which gene copies are duplicated or deleted. The current work aimed to detect the association between NCF1 CNV and NCF-1 genotypes and AV to explore their possible role in increased disease risk or influencing its clinical presentation. Twenty-five cases with AV and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers were selected. NCF1 CNV and genotypes were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. NCF1 copy number was significantly increased in patients compared to the control group (p = 0.02). Higher copy number increased the risk of occurrence of AV by about 4-fold. The NCF1 genotype was more prevalent in patients (72%) compared to NCF1B (24%) and NCF1C (4%) variants, while NCF1B and NCF1C variants (68%) were more prevalent in the control group. The NCF1B genotype decreased the risk of occurrence of AV by 0.2-fold. NCF1 was significantly associated with cases more than controls (p = 0.005). It increased the risk of occurrence of acne by 5.4-fold. There was significant association between NCF1 copy number and disease duration where higher number was associated with long disease duration (p = 0.03). Higher copy number was also associated with the NCF1 genotype (p = 0.01). This study suggests that increased copy number of NCF1 gene may be a predisposing factor for AV development. However, the presence of NCF1B and NCF1C variants lowers ROS production and subsequently decreases the risk of development of AV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Bakry
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shibeen El Koom, Egypt,
| | - Mohamed Shoeib
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shibeen El Koom, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shibeen El Koom, Egypt.,Medical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamiaa Kamal
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Shibeen El Koom, Egypt
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Barwinska D, El-Achkar TM, Melo Ferreira R, Syed F, Cheng YH, Winfree S, Ferkowicz MJ, Hato T, Collins KS, Dunn KW, Kelly KJ, Sutton TA, Rovin BH, Parikh SV, Phillips CL, Dagher PC, Eadon MT. Molecular characterization of the human kidney interstitium in health and disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/7/eabd3359. [PMID: 33568476 PMCID: PMC7875540 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd3359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The gene expression signature of the human kidney interstitium is incompletely understood. The cortical interstitium (excluding tubules, glomeruli, and vessels) in reference nephrectomies (N = 9) and diabetic kidney biopsy specimens (N = 6) was laser microdissected (LMD) and sequenced. Samples underwent RNA sequencing. Gene signatures were deconvolved using single nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) data derived from overlapping specimens. Interstitial LMD transcriptomics uncovered previously unidentified markers including KISS1, validated with in situ hybridization. LMD transcriptomics and snRNAseq revealed strong correlation of gene expression within corresponding kidney regions. Relevant enriched interstitial pathways included G-protein coupled receptor. binding and collagen biosynthesis. The diabetic interstitium was enriched for extracellular matrix organization and small-molecule catabolism. Cell type markers with unchanged expression (NOTCH3, EGFR, and HEG1) and those down-regulated in diabetic nephropathy (MYH11, LUM, and CCDC3) were identified. LMD transcriptomics complements snRNAseq; together, they facilitate mapping of interstitial marker genes to aid interpretation of pathophysiology in precision medicine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Barwinska
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tarek M El-Achkar
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
- Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ricardo Melo Ferreira
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Farooq Syed
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ying-Hua Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Seth Winfree
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael J Ferkowicz
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Takashi Hato
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kimberly S Collins
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kenneth W Dunn
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Katherine J Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Timothy A Sutton
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Brad H Rovin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, OH 433210, USA
| | - Samir V Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, OH 433210, USA
| | - Carrie L Phillips
- Division of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Pierre C Dagher
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael T Eadon
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Grønning AGB, Oubounyt M, Kanev K, Lund J, Kacprowski T, Zehn D, Röttger R, Baumbach J. Enabling single-cell trajectory network enrichment. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 1:153-163. [PMID: 38217228 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-021-00025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies allow the investigation of cellular differentiation processes with unprecedented resolution. Although powerful software packages for scRNA-seq data analysis exist, systems biology-based tools for trajectory analysis are rare and typically difficult to handle. This hampers biological exploration and prevents researchers from gaining deeper insights into the molecular control of developmental processes. Here, to address this, we have developed Scellnetor; a network-constraint time-series clustering algorithm. It allows extraction of temporal differential gene expression network patterns (modules) that explain the difference in regulation of two developmental trajectories. Using well-characterized experimental model systems, we demonstrate the capacity of Scellnetor as a hypothesis generator to identify putative mechanisms driving haematopoiesis or mechanistically interpretable subnetworks driving dysfunctional CD8 T-cell development in chronic infections. Altogether, Scellnetor allows for single-cell trajectory network enrichment, which effectively lifts scRNA-seq data analysis to a systems biology level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G B Grønning
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mhaned Oubounyt
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Chair of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristiyan Kanev
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Jesper Lund
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zehn
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Richard Röttger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
- Chair of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Gupta S, Kaplan MJ. Bite of the wolf: innate immune responses propagate autoimmunity in lupus. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:144918. [PMID: 33529160 PMCID: PMC7843222 DOI: 10.1172/jci144918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a clinically heterogeneous multisystemic syndrome that derives its name from the initial characterization of facial lesions that resemble the bite of a wolf, is considered a complex, multifactorial interplay between underlying genetic susceptibility factors and the environment. Prominent pathogenic factors include the induction of aberrant cell death pathways coupled with defective cell death clearance mechanisms that promote excessive externalization of modified cellular and nuclear debris with subsequent loss of tolerance to a wide variety of autoantigens and innate and adaptive immune dysregulation. While abnormalities in adaptive immunity are well recognized and are key to the pathogenesis of SLE, recent findings have emphasized fundamental roles of the innate immune system in the initiation and propagation of autoimmunity and the development of organ damage in this disease. This Review focuses on recent discoveries regarding the role of components of the innate immune system, specifically neutrophils and interferons, in promoting various aspects of lupus pathogenesis, with potential implications for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Luo J, Meng Y, Zhai J, Zhu Y, Li Y, Wu Y. Screening of SLE-susceptible SNPs in One Chinese Family with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Curr Bioinform 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893615666200120105153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease,
which mainly affects childbearing-aged women. Although its pathogenesis is not fully clear yet,
studies have shown that genetic factors are vital in exploring SLE pathogenic mechanisms.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to predict and screen potential pathogenic single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs). By comparing the genomes of members of a family with SLE and
performing functional analysis on mutation loci, possible pathogenic polymorphisms are screened.
These analyses lay the foundation for further research mechanisms.
Method:
Genomic alignment, variant calling and functional annotation were performed and then
~92,778 original SNPs were obtained for each specimen. We found that the patient/healthyspecific
SNPs show different conservative score distribution. Many patient-specific SNPs were
detected in SLE-related pathways. We therefore investigated the patient-specific SNPs from four
diverse perspectives, including nonsynonymous variations in exon regions, expression quantitative
trait loci (eQTLs), RNA binding sites and RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites.
Results:
18 potential pathogenic SNPs were identified in SLE risk genes, which were associated
with functional loci. Systematic literature study was then performed to verify these potential
pathogenic SNPs.
Conclusion:
This study could help to better explain possible genetic mechanisms of SLE from the
perspective of variation. It could provide effective strategy for the accurate diagnosis and
personalized treatment of SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanming Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhao Zhai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongkang Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Qin K, Zheng Z, He Y, Gao Y, Shi H, Mo S, Zhang J, Rong J. High expression of neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2) is associated with aggressive features and poor prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:3033-3043. [PMID: 33425104 PMCID: PMC7791380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the development of several human cancers, it has been established that neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2) plays a major part. Therefore, possible functions of NCF2 in ESCC are investigated in this paper. METHODS The mRNA/protein expression of NCF-2 in ESCC cell lines and tissues were found based on quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). A large cohort consisting of 194 postoperative ESCC samples was used for IHC. These data were analyzed based on Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression modelling. For the purpose of confirming its role in ESCC cells, we used short hairpin RNA (ShRNA) interfering method to suppress endogenous NCF2 expression. RESULTS NCF2 was significantly up-regulated for in ESCC tissues and cell lines in at mRNA and protein levels; and NCF-2 expression was absent for all normal esophageal epithelium detected by IHC. Furthermore, the knockdown of NCF-2 compromised the proliferation and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Positive NCF2 expression in ESCC may facilitate an aggressive phenotype. This may be an independent biomarker in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qin
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhousan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060, China
| | - Han Shi
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shaoyan Mo
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080, China
- Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of HealthGuangzhou 510080, China
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Sager TM, Umbright CM, Mustafa GM, Yanamala N, Leonard HD, McKinney WG, Kashon ML, Joseph P. Tobacco Smoke Exposure Exacerbated Crystalline Silica-Induced Lung Toxicity in Rats. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:375-390. [PMID: 32976597 PMCID: PMC7825013 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking may modify the lung response to silica exposure including cancer and silicosis. Nevertheless, the precise role of exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) on the lung response to crystalline silica (CS) exposure and the underlying mechanisms need further clarification. The objectives of the present study were to determine the role of TS on lung response to CS exposure and the underlying mechanism(s). Male Fischer 344 rats were exposed by inhalation to air, CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days), TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months), or CS (15 mg/m3, 6 h/day, 5 days) followed by TS (80 mg/m3, 3 h/day, twice weekly, 6 months). The rats were euthanized 6 months and 3 weeks following initiation of the first exposure and the lung response was assessed. Silica exposure resulted in significant lung toxicity as evidenced by lung histological changes, enhanced neutrophil infiltration, increased lactate dehydrogenase levels, enhanced oxidant production, and increased cytokine levels. The TS exposure alone had only a minimal effect on these toxicity parameters. However, the combined exposure to TS and CS exacerbated the lung response, compared with TS or CS exposure alone. Global gene expression changes in the lungs correlated with the lung toxicity severity. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene expression data demonstrated significant enrichment in functions, pathways, and networks relevant to the response to CS exposure which correlated with the lung toxicity detected. Collectively our data demonstrated an exacerbation of CS-induced lung toxicity by TS exposure and the molecular mechanisms underlying the exacerbated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina M Sager
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Christina M Umbright
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Gul Mehnaz Mustafa
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Naveena Yanamala
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Howard D Leonard
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Walter G McKinney
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Michael L Kashon
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
| | - Pius Joseph
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26505
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39
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Wang D, Liu J, Chen Q, Yang R, Jiang Q. Upregulation of glutaminase 2 and neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 is associated with the poor prognosis of glioblastoma. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1585-1597. [PMID: 33179520 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify glioblastoma prognosis-associated genes with potential diagnosis or prognosis values using integrated bioinformatics analysis. Results: In total, 1831 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the glioblastoma and control samples were identified and were clustered into seven weighed gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) modules. These DEGs were associated with different functional categories and pathways. Nine prognosis-associated DEGs (including glutaminase 2 [GLS2] and neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 [NCF2]) were identified, and the higher expression levels of GLS2 and NCF2 genes were associated with the poor prognosis of glioblastoma in 'The Cancer Genome Atlas' cohort and a clinical cohort. Conclusion: These results showed that the two genes play novel roles in the etiological and development of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - RuiJin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qiuhua Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Association of NCF2, NCF4, and CYBA Gene Polymorphisms with Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Chinese Population. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8528976. [PMID: 33145364 PMCID: PMC7596457 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8528976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have focused on the special roles of NADPH-oxidase in multiple autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the association of genetic variation in NADPH-oxidase genes with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was not extensively studied in a Chinese population. We performed this study to examine the association of NCF2, NCF4, and CYBA gene polymorphisms with RA susceptibility in a Chinese population. Methods Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (NCF2 rs10911363, NCF4 rs1883112, rs4821544, rs729749, CYBA rs3794624, and rs4673) were genotyped in a cohort composed of 593 RA patients and 596 normal controls. Improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR) was used for genotyping. Results We observed that NCF4 rs4821544 CT genotype and C allele frequencies in RA patients were significantly decreased when compared to controls (CT vs. TT: P = 0.043; C vs. T: P = 0.031), and rs4821544 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased RA risk under the dominant model (TT vs. CT+CC: P = 0.031). Our results also indicated that rs729749 CT genotype frequency was significantly lower in RA patients than that in controls (CT vs. CC: P = 0.033). Moreover, the rs729749 CT genotype frequency was also significantly decreased in RA patients in males (CT vs. CC: P = 0.024). No significant association between NCF2 and CYBA gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility was observed. There were significant associations between rs4821544 TT genotype and T allele frequencies and anti-CCP in male RA patients. Conclusions In summary, NCF4 rs4821544 and rs729749 polymorphisms might contribute to RA susceptibility, while NCF2 and CYBA gene polymorphisms were not associated with RA susceptibility.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a thrombo-inflammatory disease that is primarily treated with anticoagulation. Better understanding the inflammatory aspects of APS could lead to safer, more effective, and more personalized therapeutic options. To this end, we sought to understand recent literature related to the role of neutrophils and, in particular, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in APS. RECENT FINDINGS Expression of genes associated with type I interferons, endothelial adhesion, and pregnancy regulation are increased in APS neutrophils. APS neutrophils have a reduced threshold for NET release, which likely potentiates thrombotic events and perhaps especially large-vein thrombosis. Neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species also appear to play a role in APS pathogenesis. There are new approaches for preventing and disrupting NETs that could potentially be leveraged to reduce the risk of APS-associated thrombosis. Neutrophils and NETs contribute to APS pathophysiology. More precisely understanding their roles at a mechanistic level should help identify new therapeutic targets for inhibiting NET formation, enhancing NET dissolution, and altering neutrophil adhesion. Such approaches may ultimately lead to better clinical management of APS patients and thereby reduce the chronic burden of this disease.
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Tangtanatakul P, Thumarat C, Satproedprai N, Kunhapan P, Chaiyasung T, Klinchanhom S, Wang YF, Wei W, Wongshinsri J, Chiewchengchol D, Rodsaward P, Ngamjanyaporn P, Suangtamai T, Mahasirimongkol S, Pisitkun P, Hirankarn N. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association study identifies FBN2 as a novel locus associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Thai population. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:185. [PMID: 32771030 PMCID: PMC7414652 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the expression of variants across ethnic groups in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have been well documented. However, the genetic architecture in the Thai population has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we carried out genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Thai population. METHODS Two GWAS cohorts were independently collected and genotyped: discovery dataset (487 SLE cases and 1606 healthy controls) and replication dataset (405 SLE cases and 1590 unrelated disease controls). Data were imputed to the density of the 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3. Association studies were performed based on different genetic models, and pathway enrichment analysis was further examined. In addition, the performance of disease risk estimation for individuals in Thai GWAS was assessed based on the polygenic risk score (PRS) model trained by other Asian populations. RESULTS Previous findings on SLE susceptible alleles were well replicated in the two GWAS. The SNPs on HLA class II (rs9270970, A>G, OR = 1.82, p value = 3.61E-26), STAT4 (rs7582694, C>G, OR = 1.57, p value = 8.21E-16), GTF2I (rs73366469, A>G, OR = 1.73, p value = 2.42E-11), and FAM167A-BLK allele (rs13277113, A>G, OR = 0.68, p value = 1.58E-09) were significantly associated with SLE in Thai population. Meta-analysis of the two GWAS identified a novel locus at the FBN2 that was specifically associated with SLE in the Thai population (rs74989671, A>G, OR = 1.54, p value = 1.61E-08). Functional analysis showed that rs74989671 resided in a peak of H3K36me3 derived from CD14+ monocytes and H3K4me1 from T lymphocytes. In addition, we showed that the PRS model trained from the Chinese population could be applied in individuals of Thai ancestry, with the area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) achieving 0.76 for this predictor. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the genetic architecture of SLE in the Thai population and identified a novel locus associated with SLE. Also, our study suggested a potential use of the PRS model from the Chinese population to estimate the disease risk for individuals of Thai ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarin Tangtanatakul
- Department of Transfusion Sciences and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chisanu Thumarat
- Section of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nusara Satproedprai
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Punna Kunhapan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Siriwan Klinchanhom
- Centre of Excellent in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Ratchadamri Road, Pathum wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yong-Fei Wang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Sandy Bay, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Disease, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Lupus Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | | | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Centre of Excellent in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Ratchadamri Road, Pathum wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pongsawat Rodsaward
- Centre of Excellent in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Ratchadamri Road, Pathum wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pintip Ngamjanyaporn
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanitta Suangtamai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Section of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Centre of Excellent in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Ratchadamri Road, Pathum wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Novel NCF2 Mutation Causing Chronic Granulomatous Disease. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:977-986. [PMID: 32666379 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by defects in the NADPH oxidase complex. Mutations in NCF2 encoding the cytosolic factor p67phox result in autosomal recessive CGD. We describe three patients with a novel c.855G>C NCF2 mutation presenting with diverse clinical phenotype. Two siblings were heterozygous for the novel mutation and for a previously described exon 8-9 duplication, while a third unrelated patient was homozygous for the novel mutation. Mutation pathogenicity was confirmed by abnormal DHR123 assay and absent p67phox production and by sequencing of cDNA which showed abnormal RNA splicing. Clinically, the homozygous patient presented with suspected early onset interstitial lung disease and NCF2 mutation was found on genetic testing performed in search for surfactant-related defects. The two siblings also had variable presentation with one having history of severe pneumonia, lymphadenitis, and recurrent skin abscesses and the other presenting in his 30s with discoid lupus erythematosus and without significant infectious history. We therefore identified a novel pathogenic NCF2 mutation causing diverse and unusual clinical phenotype.
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Pruchniak MP, Ostafin M, Wachowska M, Jakubaszek M, Kwiatkowska B, Olesinska M, Zycinska K, Demkow U. Neutrophil extracellular traps generation and degradation in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2020; 52:126-135. [PMID: 31257985 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1631812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are one of the first cells to arrive at the site of infection, where they apply several strategies to kill pathogens: degranulation, respiratory burst, phagocytosis, and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Recent discoveries try to connect NETs formation with autoimmune diseases, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and place them among one of the factors responsible for disease pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to assess the NETotic capabilities of neutrophils obtained from freshly diagnosed autoimmune patients versus healthy controls. Further investigation involved assessing NETs production among treated patients. In the latter step, NETs degradation potency of collected sera from non-treated patients was checked. Lastly, the polymorphisms of the DNASE I gene among tested subjects were checked. NETs formation was measured in a neutrophil culture by fluorometry, while degradation assessment was performed with patients' sera and extracellular source of DNA. Additionally, Sanger sequencing was used to check potential SNP mutations between patients. About 121 subjects were enrolled into this study, 54 of them with a diagnosed autoimmune disorder. Neutrophils stimulated with NETosis inducers were able to release NETs in all cases. We have found that disease affected patients produce NETs more rapidly and in larger quantities than control groups, with up to 82.5% more released. Most importantly, we showed a difference between the diseases themselves. NETs release was 68.5% higher in GPA samples when compared to SLE ones while stimulated with Calcium Ionophore. Serum nucleases were less effective at degrading NETs in both autoimmune diseases, with a reduction in degradation of 20.9% observed for GPA and 18.2% for SLE when compared with the controls. Potential therapies targeting neutrophils and NETs should be specifically tailored to the type of the disease. Since there are significant differences between NETs release and disease type, a standard neutrophil targeted therapy could prevent over-generation of traps in some cases, while in others it would deplete the cells, leaving the immune system unresponsive to primary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Przemyslaw Pruchniak
- a Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.,b Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Magdalena Ostafin
- a Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wachowska
- a Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Michal Jakubaszek
- c National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Early Arthritis Clinic , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Brygida Kwiatkowska
- c National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Early Arthritis Clinic , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marzena Olesinska
- d Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zycinska
- e Department of Family Medicine, Internal and Metabolic Diseases , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- a Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Gordon RA, Tilstra JS, Marinov A, Nickerson KM, Bastacky SI, Shlomchik MJ. Murine lupus is neutrophil elastase-independent in the MRL.Faslpr model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226396. [PMID: 32243431 PMCID: PMC7122749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of tolerance to nuclear antigens and multisystem tissue destruction is a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although the source of autoantigen in lupus remains elusive, a compelling hypothetical source is dead cell debris that drives autoimmune activation. Prior reports suggest that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and their associated death pathway, NETosis, are sources of autoantigen in SLE. However, others and we have shown that inhibition of NETs by targeting the NADPH oxidase complex and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) did not ameliorate disease in spontaneous murine models of SLE. Furthermore, myeloperoxidase and PADI4 deletion did not inhibit induced lupus. Since NET formation may occur independently of any one mediator, to address this controversy, we genetically deleted an additional important mediator of NETs and neutrophil effector function, neutrophil elastase (ELANE), in the MRL.Faslpr model of SLE. ELANE deficiency, and by extension ELANE-dependent NETs, had no effect on SLE nephritis, dermatitis, anti-self response, or immune composition in MRL.Faslpr mice. Taken together with prior data from our group and others, these data further challenge the paradigm that NETs and neutrophils are pathogenic in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A. Gordon
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jeremy S. Tilstra
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anthony Marinov
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Nickerson
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sheldon I. Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark J. Shlomchik
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Linge P, Arve S, Olsson LM, Leonard D, Sjöwall C, Frodlund M, Gunnarsson I, Svenungsson E, Tydén H, Jönsen A, Kahn R, Johansson Å, Rönnblom L, Holmdahl R, Bengtsson A. NCF1-339 polymorphism is associated with altered formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, high serum interferon activity and antiphospholipid syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:254-261. [PMID: 31704719 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: A single nucleotide polymorphism in the NCF1 gene (NCF1-339, rs201802880), encoding NADPH oxidase type II subunit NCF1/p47phox, reducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is strongly associated with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed at characterising NCF1-339 effects on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, type I interferon activity and antibody profile in patients with SLE. METHODS: Neutrophil NET-release pathways (n=31), serum interferon (n=141) and finally antibody profiles (n=305) were investigated in SLE subjects from Lund, genotyped for NCF1-339. Then, 1087 SLE subjects from the rheumatology departments of four Swedish SLE centres, genotyped for NCF1-339, were clinically characterised to validate these findings. RESULTS: Compared with patients with normal-ROS NCF1-339 genotypes, neutrophils from patients with SLE with low-ROS NCF1-339 genotypes displayed impaired NET formation (p<0.01) and increased dependence on mitochondrial ROS (p<0.05). Low-ROS patients also had increased frequency of high serum interferon activity (80% vs 21.4%, p<0.05) and positivity for anti-β2 glycoprotein I (p<0.01) and anticardiolipin antibodies (p<0.05) but were not associated with other antibodies. We confirmed an over-representation of having any antiphospholipid antibody, OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.95), anti-β2 glycoprotein I, OR 1.82 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.24) and the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.55) in all four cohorts (n=1087). CONCLUSIONS: The NCF1-339 SNP mediated decreased NADPH oxidase function, is associated with high interferon activity and impaired formation of NETs in SLE, allowing dependence on mitochondrial ROS. Unexpectedly, we revealed a striking connection between the ROS deficient NCF1-339 genotypes and the presence of phospholipid antibodies and APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Linge
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Sabine Arve
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Lina M Olsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
| | - Dag Leonard
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratories, Rheumatology Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Uppland, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology/AIR, Linköping University, Linkoping, Ostergotland, Sweden
| | - Martina Frodlund
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology/AIR, Linköping University, Linkoping, Ostergotland, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Department of Medicine Solna, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
| | - Helena Tydén
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Robin Kahn
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Skane, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicin, Lund University, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Division for Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of laboratory medicine, Lund University, Lund, Skane, Sweden
- Regional Laboratories Region Skane, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Skanes universitetssjukhus Lund Labmedicin Skane, Lund, Skane, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Science for Life Laboratories, Rheumatology Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Uppland, Sweden
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
| | - Anders Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lunds University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Skane, Sweden
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Li D, Matta B, Song S, Nelson V, Diggins K, Simpfendorfer KR, Gregersen PK, Linsley P, Barnes BJ. IRF5 genetic risk variants drive myeloid-specific IRF5 hyperactivation and presymptomatic SLE. JCI Insight 2020; 5:124020. [PMID: 31877114 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants within or near the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) locus associate with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) across ancestral groups. The major IRF5-SLE risk haplotype is common across populations, yet immune functions for the risk haplotype are undefined. We characterized the global immune phenotype of healthy donors homozygous for the major risk and nonrisk haplotypes and identified cell lineage-specific alterations that mimic presymptomatic SLE. Contrary to previous studies in B lymphoblastoid cell lines and SLE immune cells, IRF5 genetic variants had little effect on IRF5 protein levels in healthy donors. Instead, we detected basal IRF5 hyperactivation in the myeloid compartment of risk donors that drives the SLE immune phenotype. Risk donors were anti-nuclear antibody positive with anti-Ro and -MPO specificity, had increased circulating plasma cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and had enhanced spontaneous NETosis. The IRF5-SLE immune phenotype was conserved over time and probed mechanistically by ex vivo coculture, indicating that risk neutrophils are drivers of the global immune phenotype. RNA-Seq of risk neutrophils revealed increased IRF5 transcript expression, IFN pathway enrichment, and decreased expression of ROS pathway genes. Altogether, the data support that individuals carrying the IRF5-SLE risk haplotype are more susceptible to environmental/stochastic influences that trigger chronic immune activation, predisposing to the development of clinical SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Su Song
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Victoria Nelson
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Kirsten Diggins
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kim R Simpfendorfer
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Peter Linsley
- Systems Immunology Division, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune, Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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Jiao L, Song J, Ding L, Liu T, Wu T, Zhang J, Bai H, Chen H, Zhao Z, Ying B. A Novel Genetic Variation in NCF2, the Core Component of NADPH Oxidase, Contributes to the Susceptibility of Tuberculosis in Western Chinese Han Population. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 39:57-62. [PMID: 31794672 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of the disease tuberculosis (TB). Macrophages eliminate the Mtb, delivering it to the degradative, phagolysosomal compartment for degradation, in which reactive oxygen species generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPHO) plays an important role. In our study, we aimed at investigating the association of polymorphisms in neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF2) gene, the core component of NADPHO, with susceptibility of TB in the Western Chinese Han population. We conducted a case-control study of 900 cases and 1534 controls and genotyped four single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the NCF2 gene. We found that the rs10911362 variants were associated with a decreased TB risk in this population (odds ratio [ORG] = 0.83 [0.72-0.95], ORadd = 0.83 [0.72-0.95], ORdom = 0.78 [0.66-0.93], p < 0.05). rs10911362 might fall in a transcriptional factor binding site associated with ZNF410 and may be the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) for the SMG7 gene according to the Ensembl data. Our study demonstrated for the first time that the G allele of NCF2 rs10911362 provided a protective role against TB risk in the Western Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tangyuheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wirestam L, Arve S, Linge P, Bengtsson AA. Neutrophils-Important Communicators in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2734. [PMID: 31824510 PMCID: PMC6882868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are two autoimmune diseases that can occur together or separately. Insights into the pathogenesis have revealed similarities, such as development of autoantibodies targeting subcellular antigens as well as a shared increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity, potentially due to mutual pathologic mechanisms. In this review, we will address the evidence implicating neutrophils in the pathogenesis of these conditions, highlighting their shared features. The neutrophil is the most abundant leukocyte, recognized for its role in infectious and inflammatory diseases, but dysregulation of neutrophil effector functions, including phagocytosis, oxidative burst and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may also contribute to an autoimmune process. The phenotype of neutrophils in SLE and APS differs from neutrophils of healthy individuals, where neutrophils in SLE and APS are activated and prone to aggregate. A specific subset of low-density neutrophils with different function compared to normal-density neutrophils can also be found within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fraction after density gradient centrifugation of whole blood. Neutrophil phagocytosis is required for regular clearance of cell remnants and nuclear material. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released by neutrophils during oxidative burst are important for immune suppression and impairment of ROS production is seen in SLE. NETs mediate pathology in both SLE and APS via several mechanisms, including exposure of autoantigens, priming of T-cells and activation of autoreactive B-cells. NETs are also involved in cardiovascular events by forming a pro-thrombotic scaffolding surface. Lastly, neutrophils communicate with other cells by producing cytokines, such as Interferon (IFN) -α, and via direct cell-cell contact. Physiological neutrophil effector functions are necessary to prevent autoimmunity, but in SLE and APS these are altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wirestam
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine Arve
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petrus Linge
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders A Bengtsson
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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A novel mutation in NCF2 resulting in very-early-onset colitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:68. [PMID: 31832070 PMCID: PMC6873422 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by a defect in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex. The disease primarily presents with recurrent infections, and patients may also present with inflammatory conditions, including noninfectious colitis, and an increased frequency of autoimmunity. We report here a patient with CGD in whom the presentation, unlike the classical presentation of CGD, was predominantly of an inflammatory and autoimmune phenotype. Case presentation A 3-year-old Pakistani female presented with bloody diarrhea since the age of 7 days, followed by the development of perianal abscesses and fistula. There was no other history of recurrent infections. The patient subsequently developed joint pain and stiffness with persistently elevated inflammatory markers and elevated anti-cyclic citrullinate peptide (anti-CCP) antibody titer. She was diagnosed with oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and colitis. The diagnosis of CGD was later made and was based on the absence of NADPH oxidase activity in the patient’s neutrophils upon phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation using the dihydrorhodamine-1,2,3 (DHR) flow cytometry test. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed an unreported deletion mutation in exon 10 as a homozygous loss-of-function variant of the human neutrophil oxidase factor 2 (NCF2) (NCF2: NM_001190789, nucleotide change: c.855_856del:p.T285fs). The gene encodes a protein subunit, p67phox, in the NADPH enzyme complex. Conclusions The case emphasizes the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion of immunodeficiency and CGD in patients with very-early-onset colitis and autoimmune disorders. This case is important due to its rarity and because it might represent a previously undiscovered mutation, which is possibly more common in the patient’s ethnic group. Other mutations in NCF2 have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease and autoimmunity, but without CGD, suggesting similarities in the pathogenesis.
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