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Cao X, Deng S, He Z, Yang Z, Dai H, Li J, Jiang L. Achieving Super-Metallophobicity on Silicon-based Ceramics at High Temperature. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405194. [PMID: 39169752 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
As a critical concept in physical chemistry, superwettability is widely concerned in both fundamental science and practical engineering in past few decades. Despite this, investigation on high temperature superwettability is still a void, which is significant both in scientific and industrial fields. Herein, a ceramic with specific high temperature non-wetting property, Si2N2O is proposed. Compared with other materials, Si2N2O is elucidated with better practical non-wetting property against various non-ferrous metals. Combining with micro-nanostructures, the metallophobicity is further improved (contact angle >150° and contact angle hysteresis ≈0°). The extraordinary metal repellency is defined as "super-metallophobicity", which is proved to be induced by distinctive thermodynamic and dynamic wetting behavior on the rough surface. The research of super-metallophobicity not only sheds light on superwettability at high temperature, but also offers worthy insights for future potential material design in a wide range of applications, such as metallurgy, 3D printing and semiconductor industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuxiang Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zengyi He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zengchao Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haoyu Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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2
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Drago‐González A, Fauconnier M, Karunakaran B, Wong WSY, Ras RHA, Nieminen HJ. Ultrasonic Healing of Plastrons. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403028. [PMID: 38946620 PMCID: PMC11434134 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) exhibit a pronounced ability to resist wetting. When immersed in water, water does not penetrate between the microstructures of the SHS. Instead, a thin layer of trapped gas remains, i.e., plastron. This fractional wetting is also known as the Cassie-Baxter state (CB). Impairment of superhydrophobicity occurs when water penetrates the plastron and, when complete wetting is achieved, a Wenzel state (W) results. Subsequent recovery back to CB state is one of the main challenges in the field of SHS wetting. Current methods for plastron recovery require complex mechanical or chemical integration, are time-consuming or lack spatial control. Here an on-demand, contact-less approach for performing facile transitions between these wetting states at micrometer length scales is proposed. This is achieved by the use of acoustic radiation force (ARF) produced by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Switching from CB to W state takes <100 µs, while the local recovery back to CB state takes <45 s. To the best of authors knowledge, this is the first demonstration of ARF-induced manipulation of the plastron enabling facile two-way controlled switching of wetting states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Drago‐González
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooUusimaa02150Finland
| | - Maxime Fauconnier
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooUusimaa02150Finland
| | | | | | - Robin H. A. Ras
- Dept. of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityEspooUusimaa02150Finland
| | - Heikki J. Nieminen
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooUusimaa02150Finland
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3
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Zhang W, Yu A, Mao H, Feng G, Li C, Wang G, Chang J, Halat D, Li Z, Yu W, Shi Y, Liu S, Fox DW, Zhuang H, Cai A, Wu B, Joshua F, Martinez JR, Zhai L, Gu MD, Shan X, Reimer JA, Cui Y, Yang Y. Dynamic Bubbling Balanced Proactive CO 2 Capture and Reduction on a Triple-Phase Interface Nanoporous Electrocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21335-21347. [PMID: 39049158 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The formation and preservation of the active phase of the catalysts at the triple-phase interface during CO2 capture and reduction is essential for improving the conversion efficiency of CO2 electroreduction toward value-added chemicals and fuels under operational conditions. Designing such ideal catalysts that can mitigate parasitic hydrogen generation and prevent active phase degradation during the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), however, remains a significant challenge. Herein, we developed an interfacial engineering strategy to build a new SnOx catalyst by invoking multiscale approaches. This catalyst features a hierarchically nanoporous structure coated with an organic F-monolayer that modifies the triple-phase interface in aqueous electrolytes, substantially reducing competing hydrogen generation (less than 5%) and enhancing CO2RR selectivity (∼90%). This rationally designed triple-phase interface overcomes the issue of limited CO2 solubility in aqueous electrolytes via proactive CO2 capture and reduction. Concurrently, we utilized pulsed square-wave potentials to dynamically recover the active phase for the CO2RR to regulate the production of C1 products such as formate and carbon monoxide (CO). This protocol ensures profoundly enhanced CO2RR selectivity (∼90%) compared with constant potential (∼70%) applied at -0.8 V (V vs RHE). We further achieved a mechanistic understanding of the CO2 capture and reduction processes under pulsed square-wave potentials via in situ Raman spectroscopy, thereby observing the potential-dependent intensity of Raman vibrational modes of the active phase and CO2RR intermediates. This work will inspire material design strategies by leveraging triple-phase interface engineering for emerging electrochemical processes, as technology moves toward electrification and decarbonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Ao Yu
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Haiyan Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Guangxia Feng
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Cheng Li
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Guanzhi Wang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Jinfa Chang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Faculty of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024. P.R. China
| | - David Halat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhao Li
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Weilai Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yaping Shi
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Shengwen Liu
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - David W Fox
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Hao Zhuang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Angela Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fnu Joshua
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - John R Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Lei Zhai
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - M Danny Gu
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Reimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformation Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- The Stephen W. Hawking Center for Microgravity Research and Education, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
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Wang J, Liu Y. Self-Driven Gas Spreading on Mesh Surfaces for Regeneration of Underwater Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:40231-40242. [PMID: 39034615 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Underwater superhydrophobic surfaces stand as a promising frontier in technological applications such as drag reduction, antifouling, and anticorrosion. Unfortunately, the air film, known as the plastron, on these surfaces tends to be unstable. To address this problem, active approaches have been designed to preserve or restore plastrons. In this work, a self-driven gas spreading superhydrophobic mesh (SHM) surface is designed to facilitate recovery of the plastron. The immersed SHM can be "wetted" by gas, even when the plastron is removed. We demonstrate that the injected gas can spread spontaneously along the SHM over a large area, which greatly simplifies the plastron replenishment process. By incorporating a locally coated gas-producing layer, we achieve rapid in situ plastron recovery and long-term immersion stability, extending the plastron lifespan by at least 48 times. We also provide a framework for designing an SHM with suitable structural dimensions for gas spreading. Furthermore, an SHM with asymmetric structural dimensions enables unidirectional gas transport by the capillary pressure difference. This SHM surface shows excellent drag reduction properties (37.2%) and has a high slip recovery coefficient (73.4%) after plastron loss. This facile and scalable method is expected to broaden the range of potential applications involving nonwetting-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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5
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Cui J, Wang T, Che Z. Freezing-Melting Mediated Dewetting Transition for Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Condensation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:14685-14696. [PMID: 38970799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The water-repellence properties of superhydrophobic surfaces make them promising for many applications. However, in some extreme environments, such as high humidities and low temperatures, condensation on the surface is inevitable, which induces the loss of surface superhydrophobicity. In this study, we propose a freezing-melting strategy to achieve the dewetting transition from the Wenzel state to the Cassie-Baxter state. It requires freezing the droplet by reducing the substrate temperature and then melting the droplet by heating the substrate. The condensation-induced wetting transition from the Cassie-Baxter state to the Wenzel state is analyzed first. Two kinds of superhydrophobic surfaces, i.e., single-scale nanostructured superhydrophobic surface and hierarchical-scale micronanostructured superhydrophobic surface, are compared and their effects on the static contact states and impact processes of droplets are analyzed. The mechanism for the dewetting transition is analyzed by exploring the differences in the micro/nanostructures of the surfaces, and it is attributed to the unique structure and strength of the superhydrophobic surface. These findings will enrich our understanding of the droplet-surface interaction involving phase changes and have great application prospects for the design of superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhizhao Che
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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6
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Zhao H, Ye H, Fazle Rabbi K, Wang X, Miljkovic N, Ho JY. Micro- and Nanoengineered Metal Additively Manufactured Surfaces for Enhanced Anti-Frosting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:35697-35715. [PMID: 38934253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The greater geometrical design freedom offered by additive manufacturing (AM) as compared to the conventional manufacturing method has attracted increasing interest in AM to develop innovative and complex designs for enhanced performance. However, the difference in material composition and surface properties from conventional alloys has made surface micro-/nanostructuring of AM metals challenging. Frost accretion is a safety hazard in numerous engineering applications. To expand the application of AM, this study experimentally investigates the antifrosting performance of superhydrophobic and slippery lubricant-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) generated on AM alloy, AlSi10Mg. By strategically utilizing the subgrain structure in the metallography of the AM alloy, the functionalized superhydrophobic AM surface featuring hierarchical structures was shown to greatly reduce frost formation as compared to functionalized single-tier structured surfaces, hierarchical structures formed on conventional aluminum alloy surfaces, and SLIPSs. Optical observation of frost propagation demonstrated that the mechanism of frost delay is governed by the inhibition of spontaneous droplet freezing through exceptional Cassie state stability during condensation frosting. The Cassie stability results from the unique AM structure morphology, which creates a higher structural energy barrier to prevent condensate from infiltrating the cavities. This phenomenon also enables the formation of a high surface-to-droplet thermal resistance, which eliminates spontaneous droplet freezing down to a -15 °C surface temperature. Our work demonstrates a scalable structuring method for AM metals, which can result in delayed frost formation, and it also provides guidelines for the development of engineered surfaces requiring the antifrosting function for several industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Zhao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hanyang Ye
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xinrui Wang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jin Yao Ho
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
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7
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Gao H, Zhao F, Meng Z, Wang X, Han Z, Liu Y. Droplet Bottom Expansion and Its Wettability Control Mechanism Based on Macroscopic Defects. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13739-13748. [PMID: 38901843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Biomimetic surfaces with special wettability have received much attention due to their promising prospects in droplet manipulation. Although some progress has been made, the manipulation of droplets by macroscopic defects of the millimeter structure and the wetting-state transition mechanism have rarely been reported. Herein, inspired by lotus leaves and desert beetles, biomimetic surfaces with macroscopic defects are prepared by laser processing and chemical modification. Various functions of droplet manipulation are achieved by controlling the millimeter-scale macroscopic defects, such as droplet capture, motion trajectory changing, and liquid well. And a droplet bottom expansion phenomenon is proposed: wetting-state transition in superhydrophobic regions around defects. The "edge failure effect" is proposed to explain the force analysis of droplet capture and the droplet bottom expansion to distinguish it from the adhesion phenomenon presented by the droplet sliding. 53.28° is defined as the expanded saturated angle of the as-prepared surface, which is used to distinguish whether the defect could cause the droplet bottom expansion. An enhanced edge failure effect experiment is designed to make the droplet bottom expansion more intuitive. This work provides a mechanistic explanation of the surfaces that utilize macroscopic defects for droplet manipulation. It can be applied to the monitoring of droplet storage limits, providing a perspective on the design and optimization of superhydrophobic surfaces with droplet manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanpeng Gao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Fangyi Zhao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Zong Meng
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
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8
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Yun GT, Kim Y, Ahn H, Kim M, Jang GM, Im SG, Jung WB, Jung HT. Toward Advanced Superomniphobicity: Hierarchical Insights from Serif-T Nanostructures to Microscale Wrinkles. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38315048 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Developing a superomniphobic surface that exceeds the static and dynamic repellency observed in nature's springtails for various liquids presents a significant challenge in the realm of surface and interface science. However, progress in this field has been particularly limited when dealing with low-surface-tension liquids. This is because dynamic repellency values are typically at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than those observed with water droplets. Our study introduces an innovative hierarchical topography demonstrating exceptional dynamic repellency to low-surface-tension liquids. Inspired by the structural advantages found in springtails, we achieve a static contact angle of >160° and the complete rebound of droplet impact with a Weber number (We) of ∼104 using ethanol. These results surpass all existing benchmarks that have been reported thus far, including those of natural surfaces. The key insight from our research is the vital role of the microscale air pocket size, governed by wrinkle wavelength, in both static and dynamic repellency. Additionally, nanoscale air pockets within serif-T nanostructures prove to be essential for achieving omniphobicity. Our investigations into the wetting dynamics of ethanol droplets further reveal aspects such as the reduction in contact time and the occurrence of a fragmentation phenomenon beyond We ∼ 350, which has not been previously observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Tae Yun
- KAIST-UCBerkeley-Vietnam National University Climate Change Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Laboratory for Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Nanofab Center (NNFC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yesol Kim
- KAIST-UCBerkeley-Vietnam National University Climate Change Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Laboratory for Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO2 Management Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyunah Ahn
- KAIST-UCBerkeley-Vietnam National University Climate Change Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Laboratory for Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- KAIST-UCBerkeley-Vietnam National University Climate Change Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Laboratory for Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Gyu Min Jang
- Hydrogen and Low-Carbon Energy R&D Lab, Posco Holdings, Pohang 37637, South Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Functional Thin Film Laboratory (FTFL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Woo-Bin Jung
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Hee-Tae Jung
- KAIST-UCBerkeley-Vietnam National University Climate Change Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- National Laboratory for Organic Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21 plus), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO2 Management Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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9
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Dhar M, Kara UI, Das S, Xu Y, Mandal S, Dupont RL, Boerner EC, Chen B, Yao Y, Wang X, Manna U. Design of a self-cleanable multilevel anticounterfeiting interface through covalent chemical modulation. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:2204-2214. [PMID: 37000456 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00180f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Counterfeit products have posed a significant threat to consumers safety and the global economy. To address this issue, extensive studies have been exploring the use of coatings with unclonable, microscale features for authentication purposes. However, the ease of readout, and the stability of these features against water, deposited dust, and wear, which are required for practical use, remain challenging. Here we report a novel class of chemically functionalizable coatings with a combination of a physically unclonable porous topography and distinct physiochemical properties (e.g., fluorescence, water wettability, and water adhesion) obtained through orthogonal chemical modifications (i.e., 1,4-conjugate addition reaction and Schiff-base reaction at ambient conditions). Unprecedentedly, a self-cleanable and physically unclonable coating is introduced to develop a multilevel anticounterfeiting interface. We demonstrate that the authentication of the fluorescent porous topography can be verified using deep learning. More importantly, the spatially selective chemical modifications can be read with the naked eye via underwater exposure and UV light illumination. Overall, the results reported in this work provide a facile basis for designing functional surfaces capable of independent and multilevel decryption of authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manideepa Dhar
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Ufuoma I Kara
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Supriya Das
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Yang Xu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Sohini Mandal
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India.
| | - Robert L Dupont
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Eric C Boerner
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Boyuan Chen
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Yuxing Yao
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- Sustainability Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Uttam Manna
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India.
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, School of Health Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
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10
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Lambley H, Graeber G, Vogt R, Gaugler LC, Baumann E, Schutzius TM, Poulikakos D. Freezing-induced wetting transitions on superhydrophobic surfaces. NATURE PHYSICS 2023; 19:649-655. [PMID: 37205127 PMCID: PMC10185467 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-01946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Supercooled droplet freezing on surfaces occurs frequently in nature and industry, often adversely affecting the efficiency and reliability of technological processes. The ability of superhydrophobic surfaces to rapidly shed water and reduce ice adhesion make them promising candidates for resistance to icing. However, the effect of supercooled droplet freezing-with its inherent rapid local heating and explosive vaporization-on the evolution of droplet-substrate interactions, and the resulting implications for the design of icephobic surfaces, are little explored. Here we investigate the freezing of supercooled droplets resting on engineered textured surfaces. On the basis of investigations in which freezing is induced by evacuation of the atmosphere, we determine the surface properties required to promote ice self-expulsion and, simultaneously, identify two mechanisms through which repellency falters. We elucidate these outcomes by balancing (anti-)wetting surface forces with those triggered by recalescent freezing phenomena and demonstrate rationally designed textures to promote ice expulsion. Finally, we consider the complementary case of freezing at atmospheric pressure and subzero temperature, where we observe bottom-up ice suffusion within the surface texture. We then assemble a rational framework for the phenomenology of ice adhesion of supercooled droplets throughout freezing, informing ice-repellent surface design across the phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lambley
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gustav Graeber
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Vogt
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leon C. Gaugler
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Enea Baumann
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Schutzius
- Laboratory for Multiphase Thermofluidics and Surface Nanoengineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Han X, Liu J, Wang M, Upmanyu M, Wang H. Second-Level Microgroove Convexity is Critical for Air Plastron Restoration on Immersed Hierarchical Superhydrophobic Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:52524-52534. [PMID: 36373889 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Air plastrons trapped on the surfaces of underwater superhydrophobic surfaces are critical for their function. Fibrillar morphologies offer a natural pathway, yet they are limited to a narrow range of liquid-surface systems and are vulnerable to pressure fluctuations that irreversibly destroy the air layer plastron. Inspired by the convexly grooved bases of water fern (Salvinia) leaves that support their fibrous outgrowths, we focus on the effect of such second-level grooved structures or microgrooves on the plastron restoration on immersed three-dimensional (3D)-printed hierarchical surfaces. Elliptical, interconnected microgrooves are fabricated with varying surface curvatures to study the effect of their morphology. Immersion experiments reveal that the convex groove curvature stabilizes a seed gas layer (SGL) that facilitates plastron restoration for all immersed hydrophobic surfaces. Theoretical calculations and atomic-scale computations reveal that the SGL storage capacity that sets the SGL robustness follows from the liquid menisci adaption to the groove geometry and pressure, from micro- to nanoscales, and it can be further tuned using separated grooves. Our study highlights groove convexity as a key morphological feature for the design of second-level architectures for underwater air plastron restoration on hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Jingnan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
| | - Moneesh Upmanyu
- Group for Simulation and Theory of Atomic-Scale Material Phenomena (stAMP), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Hailong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230027, Anhui, China
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12
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Zhang R, Wei J, Tian N, Liang W, Zhang J. Facile Preparation of Robust Superamphiphobic Coatings on Complex Substrates via Nonsolvent-Induced Phase Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49047-49058. [PMID: 36281879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Superamphiphobic surfaces have great potential in many fields but often suffer from complicated, expensive, and time-consuming preparation methods, difficulty in applying them on complex substrates, and low stability. Herein, we show a facile fabrication of robust superamphiphobic coatings on complex substrates. A stock suspension was prepared by nonsolvent-induced phase separation of a silicone-modified polyurethane (Si-PU) adhesive containing fluorinated silica (FD-silica) nanoparticles. Then, superamphiphobic surfaces could be easily fabricated via dip coating in the suspension. The influences of phase separation and Si-PU/FD-silica ratio on the wettability and morphology of the coatings were studied. The coatings feature a microscale dense and nanoscale rough texture due to phase separation and rapid solvent evaporation, which enhances the stability by forming strong linkages among the nanoparticles while achieving high superamphiphobicity by trapping air stably in the nanopores. Consequently, the coatings show excellent static/dynamic superamphiphobicity, superior impalement resistance, and good mechanical, chemical, thermal, and UV aging stability. Additionally, the coatings have good anti-icing performance as demonstrated by the greatly extended water freezing time and weakened ice adhesion force in both simulated and real conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jinfei Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ning Tian
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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13
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He X, Zhang K, Xiong X, Li Y, Wan X, Chen Z, Wang Y, Xu X, Liu M, Jiang Y, Wang S. Prediction of the Lotus Effect on Solid Surfaces by Machine Learning. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203264. [PMID: 36070429 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces with the "lotus effect" have wide applications in daily life and industry, such as self-cleaning, anti-freezing, and anti-corrosion. However, it is difficult to reliably predict whether a designed superhydrophobic surface has the "lotus effect" by traditional theoretical models due to complex surface topographies. Here, a reliable machine learning (ML) model to accurately predict the "lotus effect" of solid surfaces by designing a set of descriptors about nano-scale roughness and micro-scale topographies in addition to the surface hydrophobic modification is demonstrated. Geometrical and mathematical descriptors combined with gray level cooccurrence matrices (GLCM) offer a feasible solution to the puzzle of accurate descriptions of complex topographies. Furthermore, the "black box" is opened by feature importance and Shapley-additive-explanations (SHAP) analysis to extract waterdrop adhesion trends on superhydrophobic surfaces. The accurate prediction on as-fabricated superhydrophobic surfaces strongly affirms the extensionality of the ML model. This approach can be easily generalized to screen solid surfaces with other properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaihua Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xianghui Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuepeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xizi Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zijia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology (MMST), Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mingqian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Wang T, Wang Z. Liquid-Repellent Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9073-9084. [PMID: 35857533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces are vibrant sites for various activities with environments, especially as the transfer station for mass and energy exchange. In nature, natural creatures exhibit special wetting and interfacial properties such as water repellency and water affinity to adapt to various environmental challenges by taking advantage of air or liquid infusion media. Inspired by natural surfaces, various engineered liquid-repellent surfaces have been developed with a wide range of applications in both open and closed underwater environments. In particular, underwater conditions are characterized by high viscosity, high pressure, and complex compositions, which pose more challenges for the design of robust and functional repellent surfaces. In this Perspective, we take a parallel approach to introduce two classical liquid-repellent surfaces: an air-infused repellent surface and a lubricated liquid-repellent surface. Then we highlight fundamental challenges and design configurations of robust liquid-repellent surfaces both in air and underwater. We summarize the advantages and drawbacks of two kinds of repellent surfaces and list several applications of liquid-repellent surfaces for use in the ocean, medical care, and energy harvesting. Finally, we provide an outlook of research directions for robust liquid-repellent surfaces.
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15
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Zhang X, Scaraggi M, Zheng Y, Li X, Wu Y, Wang D, Dini D, Zhou F. Quantifying Wetting Dynamics with Triboelectrification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200822. [PMID: 35674345 PMCID: PMC9405515 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wetting is often perceived as an intrinsic surface property of materials, but determining its evolution is complicated by its complex dependence on roughness across the scales. The Wenzel (W) state, where liquids have intimate contact with the rough surfaces, and the Cassie-Baxter (CB) state, where liquids sit onto air pockets formed between asperities, are only two states among the plethora of wetting behaviors. Furthermore, transitions from the CB to the Wenzel state dictate completely different surface performance, such as anti-contamination, anti-icing, drag reduction etc.; however, little is known about how transition occurs during time between the several wetting modes. In this paper, wetting dynamics can be accurately quantified and tracked using solid-liquid triboelectrification. Theoretical underpinning reveals how surface micro-/nano-geometries regulate stability/infiltration, also demonstrating the generality of the authors' theoretical approach in understanding wetting transitions. It can clarify the functioning behavior of materials in real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design & Maintenance, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Michele Scaraggi
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Monteroni-Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Via Barsanti 14, Arnesano (LE), 73010, Italy
| | - Youbin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, PR China
| | - Daoai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Daniele Dini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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16
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Luthfikasari R, Patil TV, Patel DK, Dutta SD, Ganguly K, Espinal MM, Lim KT. Plant-Actuated Micro-Nanorobotics Platforms: Structural Designs, Functional Prospects, and Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201417. [PMID: 35801427 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants are anatomically and physiologically different from humans and animals; however, there are several possibilities to utilize the unique structures and physiological systems of plants and adapt them to new emerging technologies through a strategic biomimetic approach. Moreover, plants provide safe and sustainable results that can potentially solve the problem of mass-producing practical materials with hazardous and toxic side effects, particularly in the biomedical field, which requires high biocompatibility. In this review, it is investigated how micro-nanostructures available in plants (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers and their composites, nanoporous materials, and natural micromotors) are adapted and utilized in the design of suitable materials for a micro-nanorobot platform. How plants' work on micro- and nanoscale systems (e.g., surface roughness, osmotically induced movements such as nastic and tropic, and energy conversion and harvesting) that are unique to plants, can provide functionality on the platform and become further prospective resources are examined. Furthermore, implementation across organisms and fields, which is promising for future practical applications of the plant-actuated micro-nanorobot platform, especially on biomedical applications, is discussed. Finally, the challenges following its implementation in the micro-nanorobot platform are also presented to provide advanced adaptation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachmi Luthfikasari
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisiplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinesh K Patel
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Mercedes Espinal
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisiplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
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17
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Zhang B, Ye J, Zhang Y, Yu X, He X, Yang Y, Wang X. 湿润转变对超疏水表面上撞击液滴结冰影响的研究进展及展望. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Tian N, Chen K, Yu H, Wei J, Zhang J. Super Pressure-Resistant Superhydrophobic Fabrics with Real Self-Cleaning Performance. iScience 2022; 25:104494. [PMID: 35721462 PMCID: PMC9198960 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Detergents are extensively used for laundry, causing significant negative impacts on water bodies, plants and animals. Superhydrophobic fabrics are promising to reduce detergent consumption but suffer from low pressure resistance. Here, we report super pressure-resistant superhydrophobic fabrics prepared using polysiloxane modified SiO2 nanoparticles with epoxy groups. The fabrics show real self-cleaning performance, essentially different from the conventional self-cleaning property of solid particles loosely placed on superhydrophobic surfaces. The contaminated fabrics by various stains can be completely cleaned by home machine laundering without using any detergent whereas the traditional superhydrophobic fabrics cannot. This is owing to excellent abrasion and washing durability, low liquid adhesion force, superior pressure-resistance and vapor-resistance of the fabrics, originating from the low surface energy and dense micro-/nanostructure. Moreover, the superhydrophobic fabrics can be scaled up using the conventional fabric finishing line with low cost. The superhydrophobic fabrics will help significantly reduce the global detergent consumption. Superhydrophobic fabrics with real self-cleaning performance are prepared The fabrics show high durability and pressure-resistance, low liquid adhesion force The contaminated fabrics can be cleaned by home machine laundering without detergent The fabrics can be scaled up using the conventional fabric finishing line
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19
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Gunatilake U, Morales R, Basabe-Desmonts L, Benito-Lopez F. Magneto Twister: Magneto Deformation of the Water-Air Interface by a Superhydrophobic Magnetic Nanoparticle Layer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3360-3369. [PMID: 35262362 PMCID: PMC8945397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Remote manipulation of superhydrophobic surfaces provides fascinating features in water interface-related applications. A superhydrophobic magnetic nanoparticle colloid layer is able to float on the water-air interface and form a stable water-solid-air interface due to its inherent water repulsion, buoyancy, and lateral capillarity properties. Moreover, it easily bends downward under an externally applied gradient magnetic field. Thanks to that, the layer creates a stable twister-like structure with a flipped conical shape, under controlled water levels, behaving as a soft and elastic material that proportionally deforms with the applied magnetic field and then goes back to its initial state in the absence of an external force. When the tip of the twister structure touches the bottom of the water container, it provides a stable magneto movable system, which has many applications in the microfluidic field. We introduce, as a proof-of-principle, three possible implementations of this structure in real scenarios, the cargo and transport of water droplets in aqueous media, the generation of magneto controllable plugs in open surface channels, and the removal of floating microplastics from the air-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udara
Bimendra Gunatilake
- Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip
(AMMa-LOAC) Group, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Rafael Morales
- Department
of Physical-Chemistry and BCMaterials, University
of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Basque
Foundation of Science, IKERBASQUE, María Díaz Haroko
Kalea, 3, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
- Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Basque
Foundation of Science, IKERBASQUE, María Díaz Haroko
Kalea, 3, Bilbao 48013, Spain
- Bioaraba
Health Research Institute, Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Basque Center
for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, BCMaterials, Leioa 48940, Spain
- . Phone: 0034-945-01-4538
| | - Fernando Benito-Lopez
- Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, Analytical Microsystems & Materials for Lab-on-a-Chip
(AMMa-LOAC) Group, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
- Bioaraba
Health Research Institute, Microfluidics
Cluster UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
- Basque Center
for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, BCMaterials, Leioa 48940, Spain
- . Phone: 0034-945-01-3045
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20
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Varol HS, Seeger S. Fluorescent Staining of Silicone Micro- and Nanopatterns for Their Optical Imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:231-243. [PMID: 34932361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Performance of engineered surfaces can be enhanced by making them hydrophobic or superhydrophobic via coating them with low-surface-energy micro- and nanopatterns. However, the wetting phenomena of particularly irregular shape and spacing (super)hydrophobic patterns such as polysiloxane coatings are not yet fully understood from a microscopic perspective. Here, we show a new method to collect 3D confocal images from irregular polysiloxane micro- and nanorods from a single rod resolution to discuss their wetting response over long liquid/solid interaction times and quantify the length and diameter of these rods. To collect such 3D confocal images, fluorescent dye containing water droplets were left on our superhydrophobic and hydrophobic polysiloxane coated surfaces. Then their liquid/solid interfaces were imaged at different staining scenarios: (i) using different fluorescent dyes, (ii) when the droplets were in contact with surfaces, or (iii) after the droplets were taken away from the surface at the end of staining. Using such staining strategies, we could resolve the micro- and nanorods from root to top and determine their length and diameter, which were then found to be in good agreement with those obtained from their electron microscopy images. 3D confocal images in this paper, for the first time, present the long-time existence of more than one wetting state under the same droplet in contact with surfaces, as well as external and internal three-phase contact lines shifting and pinning. In the end, these findings were used to explain the time-dependent wetting kinetics of our surfaces. We believe that the proposed imaging strategy here will, in the future, be used to study many other irregular patterned (super)antiwetting surfaces to describe their wetting theory, which is today impossible due to the complicated surface geometry of these irregular patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Samet Varol
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, Zürich, CH 8057, Switzerland
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, Darmstadt, D-64287, Germany
| | - Stefan Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Zürich, Zürich, CH 8057, Switzerland
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21
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Erbil HY. Precursor film formation on catalyst–electrolyte–gas boundaries during CO 2 electroreduction with gas diffusion electrodes. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01576e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thin and long layers of catholyte precursor films spread near triple-phase boundaries on composite catalysts containing hydrophobic materials. Dissolved CO2 molecules in the precursor films reduce on the composite catalyst surface without depletion.
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22
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Chen F, Wang Y, Tian Y, Zhang D, Song J, Crick CR, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, Lu Y. Robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8476-8583. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive summary of characterization, design, fabrication, and application of robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faze Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaquan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Colin R. Crick
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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23
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He X, Wang YF, Zhang BX, Wang SL, Yang YR, Wang XD, Lee DJ. Effects of Nanodroplet Sizes on Wettability, Electrowetting Transition, and Spontaneous Dewetting Transition on Nanopillar-Arrayed Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14571-14581. [PMID: 34894696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the wetting and dewetting behaviors of water nanodroplets containing various molecule numbers on nanopillar-arrayed surfaces in the presence or absence of an external electric field are investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, aiming to examine whether there is a scale effect. The results show that, in the absence of an electric field, nanodroplets on coexisting Cassie/Wenzel surfaces may be in the Cassie or the Wenzel state depending on their initial states, and apparent contact angles of the Cassie or Wenzel nanodroplets increase monotonously with increasing the droplet size. Energy analysis shows that on the same coexisting Cassie/Wenzel surface, when an electric field is imposed, a small nanodroplet possesses a lower energy barrier separating the Cassie state from the Wenzel state. Therefore, the small nanodroplet is easier to collapse into the Wenzel state. Moreover, the spontaneous Wenzel-to-Cassie dewetting transition is not observed for the nanodroplets after the removal of the electric field because the Wenzel state is a globally stable energetic state. With the same pillar geometry, both the wetting transition and the dewetting transition are significantly modified for liquids with higher intrinsic contact angles. The energy barrier of the wetting transition increases for both the large and small nanodroplets, meaning that the Cassie state becomes more robust. The energy curve shows that the Wenzel state of the large nanodroplet has higher energy so that the droplet can return to the Cassie state when removing the electric field. Intriguingly, although the small Wenzel nanodroplet has lower energy in the presence of the electric field, the dewetting transition still occurs. The increased solid-liquid interfacial tension when removing the electric field is responsible for this abnormal result. The wetting and dewetting transitions follow different energy pathways, leading to a hysteresis energy loop. There exists a critical water molecule number separating the unstable/stable Wenzel configurations, above which the Cassie state is energetically favorable and the dewetting transition can occur spontaneously after removing the electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ben-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuo-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
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24
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Recoverable underwater superhydrophobicity from a fully wetted state via dynamic air spreading. iScience 2021; 24:103427. [PMID: 34877492 PMCID: PMC8633030 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining the superhydrophobicity underwater offers drag resistance reduction, antifouling, anti-corrosion, noise reduction, and gas collection for boat hulls and submarine vehicles. However, superhydrophobicity typically does not last long underwater since the Cassie state is metastable. Here, we report a reversible and localized recovery of superhydrophobicity from the fully wetted state via air bubble spreading. Composed of sparse fluorinated chained nanoparticles, the submerged surface shows super-low energy barrier for bubble attachment. Especially the recovered plastron exhibits excellent longevity. Based on a simplified, truncated nanocone model, the dynamic spreading of bubbles is analyzed considering two basic parameters, i.e., surface geometric structure and surface energy (which appeared as intrinsic water contact angle). Numerical simulation results via COMSOL confirms the effect of geometric structure on bubble spreading. This investigation will not only offer new insights for the design of robust recoverable superhydrophobic surfaces but also broaden the applications of superhydrophobic coatings. Superhydrophobicity is recovered from fully wetted state in submerged system The dynamic spreading of bubbles is theoretically analyzed The geometric criteria provide direction in designing superhydrophobic surfaces
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25
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Vanzo D, Luzar A, Bratko D. Reversible electrowetting transitions on superhydrophobic surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27005-27013. [PMID: 34846052 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04220c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electric field applied across the interface has been shown to enable transitions from the Cassie to the Wenzel state on superhydrophobic surfaces with miniature corrugations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations manifest the possibility of reversible cycling between the two states when narrow surface wells support spontaneous expulsion of water in the absence of the field. With approximately 1 nm sized wells between the surface asperities, the response times to changes in the electric field are of O(0.1) ns, allowing up to GHz frequency of the cycle. Because of the orientation preferences of interfacial water in contact with the solid, the phenomenon depends on the polarity of the field normal to the interface. The threshold field strength for the Cassie-to-Wenzel transition is significantly lower for the field pointing from the aqueous phase to the surface; however, once in the Wenzel state, the opposite field direction secures tighter filling of the wells. Considerable hysteresis revealed by the delayed water retraction at decreasing field strength indicates the presence of moderate kinetic barriers to expulsion. Known to scale approximately with the square of the length scale of the corrugations, these barriers preclude the use of increased corrugation sizes while the reduction of the well diameter necessitates stronger electric fields. Field-controlled Cassie-to-Wenzel transitions are therefore optimized by using superhydrophobic surfaces with nanosized corrugations. Abrupt changes indicate a high degree of cooperativity reflecting the correlations between the wetting states of interconnected wells on the textured surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vanzo
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
| | - A Luzar
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
| | - D Bratko
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23221, USA.
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26
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Mao D, Wang X, Wu Y, Gu Z, Wang C, Tu Y. Unexpected hydrophobicity on self-assembled monolayers terminated with two hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19604-19609. [PMID: 34812817 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05048f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current major approaches to access surface hydrophobicity include directly introducing hydrophobic nonpolar groups/molecules onto the surface or elaborately fabricating surface roughness. Here, for the first time, molecular dynamics simulations show an unexpected hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 82° on a flexible self-assembled monolayer terminated only with two hydrophilic OH groups ((OH)2-SAM). This hydrophobicity, verified by a water slip phenomenon characterizing the friction on the (OH)2-SAM surface, is attributed to the formation of a hexagonal-ice-like H-bonding structure in the OH matrix of (OH)2-SAM, which sharply reduces the hydrogen bonds between the surface and the water molecules above. The unique simple interface presented here offers a significant molecular-level platform for examining the bio-interfacial interactions ranging from biomolecule binding to cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangxin Mao
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Yuanyan Wu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Zonglin Gu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Zhangjiang Lab, Interdisplinary Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yusong Tu
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electrical Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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27
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Huang L, Yao Y, Peng Z, Zhang B, Chen S. One-level microstructure-arrayed hydrophobic surface with low surface adhesion and strong anti-wetting function. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:505002. [PMID: 34551398 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac2929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To achieve both a low surface adhesion function and a high anti-wetting function, it is generally necessary to introduce multi-level micro-nano-structures on a surface. However, this will bring the difficulty of preparation technology, and the functions will fail due to the fact that the nanostructures can easily be damaged. In this research, the surface adhesion and anti-wetting properties of several typically one-level microstructure-arrayed hydrophobic surfaces are analyzed with the dynamics theory, including a square pillar-arrayed three-dimensional microstructure, a conical table-arrayed microstructure, and square frustum-arrayed microstructure. It is found that the anti-adhesion performance and anti-wetting property cannot achieve the best performance simultaneously on the one-level microstructure arrayed surfaces. Either the critical pressure of anti-wetting is finite when the surface adhesion is the lowest, or both the anti-adhesion and anti-wetting capacities are finite. However, an interesting phenomenon is found in that the square frustum-arrayed surface can not only achieve an almost infinite anti-wetting capacity when the distance between neighboring microstructures vanishes, but also reach near-zero adhesion when the square frustum reduces to a square pyramid. All the theoretical predictions are further verified by precise numerical simulations. The results of this paper should be helpful for the design of surfaces with low surface adhesion and strong anti-wetting functions in practical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yao
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Peng
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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28
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Dewetting transition of water on nanostructured and wettability patterned surfaces: A molecular dynamics study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Wang Y, Meng J, Wang S. Recent Progress of Bioinspired Scalephobic Surfaces with Specific Barrier Layers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:8639-8657. [PMID: 34266239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired superwettable surfaces have been widely harnessed in diverse applications such as self-cleaning, oil/water separation, and liquid transport. So far, only a little work is focused on scalephobic capability of those superwettable surfaces. However, the troublesome scale deposition will inevitably be observed in our daily production and life, greatly reducing heat transfer efficiency and inhibiting the liquid transport. To address this annoying problem, as the emerging strategy, specific barrier layers are introduced onto superwettable surfaces to reduce or even avoid the direct contact between scale and the surfaces. In this feature article, we first provide the basic concept of bioinspired scalephobic surfaces with specific barrier layers. Then, we briefly introduce the typical fabrication methods of scalephobic surfaces. Later, we summarize recent progress of bioinspired scalephobic surfaces with specific barrier layers. Furthermore, we point out the guiding theory and criteria for the stability of barrier layers. Finally, we put forward the forecast on the existing problems and future direction in bioinspired scalephobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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30
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Ahmadi SF, Umashankar V, Dean Z, Chang B, Jung S, Boreyko JB. How Multilayered Feathers Enhance Underwater Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27567-27574. [PMID: 34075745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by ducks, we demonstrate that air pockets within stacked layers of porous superhydrophobic feathers can withstand up to five times more water pressure compared to a single feather. In addition to natural duck feathers, this "layer effect" was replicated with synthetic feathers created by laser cutting micrometric slots into aluminum foil and imparting a superhydrophobic nanostructure. It was revealed that adding layers promotes an increasingly redundant pathway for water impalement, which serves to pressurize the enclosed air pockets. This was validated by creating a probabilistic pore impalement model and also by filling the feathers with an incompressible oil, rather than air, to suppress the layer effect. In addition to revealing a utility of natural duck feathers, our findings suggest that multilayered engineered surfaces can maintain air pockets at high pressures, useful for reducing the drag and fouling of marine structures or enhancing desalination membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farzad Ahmadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Viverjita Umashankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Zaara Dean
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Brian Chang
- Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Sunghwan Jung
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jonathan B Boreyko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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31
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Mehanna YA, Sadler E, Upton RL, Kempchinsky AG, Lu Y, Crick CR. The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6569-6612. [PMID: 33889879 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic materials have been widely reported throughout the scientific literature. Their properties originate from a highly rough morphology and inherently water repellent surface chemistry. Despite promising an array of functionalities, these materials have seen limited commercial development. This could be attributed to many factors, like material compatibility, low physical resilience, scaling-up complications, etc. In applications where persistent water contact is required, another limitation arises as a major concern, which is the stability of the air layer trapped at the surface when submerged or impacted by water. This review is aimed at examining the diverse array of research focused on monitoring/improving air layer stability, and highlighting the most successful approaches. The reported complexity of monitoring and enhancing air layer stability, in conjunction with the variety of approaches adopted, results in an assortment of suggested routes to achieving success. The review is addressing the challenge of finding a balance between maximising water repulsion and incorporating structures that protect air pockets from removal, along with challenges related to the variant approaches to testing air-layer stability across the research field, and the gap between the achieved progress and the required performance in real-life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A Mehanna
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
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32
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Zhang BX, Wang SL, Wang YB, Yang YR, Wang XD, Yang RG. Harnessing Reversible Wetting Transition to Sweep Contaminated Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:3929-3938. [PMID: 33760619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sweeping deposited particles is absolutely essential in order to maintain the excellent functionality of superhydrophobic surfaces. Many methods have been proposed to sweep microparticles deposited on tips of micro/nanostructures. However, how to sweep nanoparticles trapped in cavities of superhydrophobic surfaces has remained an outstanding issue. Here, we show that harnessing the reversible wetting transition provides a feasible way to sweep such nanoparticles. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the electrically induced CB-W wetting transition makes liquid intrude into a groove and wet a trapped hydrophilic nanoparticle; however, once the electric field is removed, a spontaneous W-CB dewetting transition happens, and the extruded liquid transports the hydrophilic nanoparticle to the groove top, successfully picking up the trapped hydrophilic nanoparticle. We further find that the adhesion between the nanoparticle and groove bottom wall hinders the successful pickup, and picking up such a nanoparticle requires a stronger particle hydrophilicity. With the introduction of amphiphilic Janus particles into a liquid, we exhibit that the electrically induced reversible wetting transition can also successfully pick up a trapped hydrophobic nanoparticle. By means of calculations of the potential of mean force (PMF), we reveal pathways of both the CB-W wetting transition and the W-CB dewetting transition and hence answer why and how a hydrophilic or a hydrophobic nanoparticle is picked up successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rong-Gui Yang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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33
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Zhao B, Jia Y, Xu Y, Bonaccurso E, Deng X, Auernhammer GK, Chen L. What Can Probing Liquid-Air Menisci Inside Nanopores Teach Us About Macroscopic Wetting Phenomena? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:6897-6905. [PMID: 33523651 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid surfaces with excellent nonwetting ability have drawn significant interest from interfacial scientists and engineers. While much effort was devoted to investigating macroscopic wetting phenomena on nonwetting surfaces, the otherwise microscopic wetting has received less attention, and the surface/interface properties at the microscopic scale are not well resolved and correlated with the macroscopic wetting behavior. Herein, we first characterize the nanoscopic morphology and effective stiffness of liquid-air interfaces inside nanopores (nanomenisci) on diverse nonwetting nanoporous surfaces underneath water droplets using atomic force microscopy. Detailed three-dimensional imaging of the droplet-surface contact region reveals that water only slightly penetrates into the nanopores, allowing for quantitative prediction of the macroscopic contact angle using the Cassie-Baxter model. By gradually increasing the scanning force, we observe incrementally wetting of nanopores by water, and dewetting occurs when the force is lowered again, exhibiting reversible wetting-dewetting transitions. Further, nanoindentation measurements demonstrate that the nanomenisci show apparent elastic deformation and size-dependent effective stiffness at small indenting forces. Finally, we correlate the effective stiffness of the nanomenisci with the transition from complete rebound to partial rebound for impinging droplets on nanoporous surfaces. Our study suggests that probing the physical properties of the liquid-air menisci at the nanoscale is essential to rationalize macroscopic static and dynamic wetting phenomena on structured surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Zhao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Youquan Jia
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yi Xu
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | | | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Günter K Auernhammer
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Longquan Chen
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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34
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Wang X, Bai H, Yang J, Li Z, Wu Y, Yu C, Jiang L, Cao M. Designing Flexible but Tough Slippery Track for Underwater Gas Manipulation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007803. [PMID: 33522147 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lubricant-infused slippery surface exhibits a series of superior properties such as pressure tolerance, self-healing, oil-repellence, etc. Especially when being applied in an aqueous environment, the reliable bubble manipulating ability of slippery surface offers great opportunities to develop advanced systems in the field of gas transport, water splitting, etc. To improve the strength and the functionality of slippery surfaces, a sliced lubricant-infused slippery (SLIS) track is presented here, possessing both flexibility and toughness for underwater bubble manipulation. The rigid slippery slices with hydrophobic porous structure are linked by the liquid bridge of silicone oil, resulting in a continuous lubricant layer for bubble transfer. Taking advantage of this unique assembled structure, the in situ bubble controlling process, that is, pinning and moving, is achieved via the stretching/releasing of an elastic SLIS track. Besides, on the basis of the integrated design, a hypothesis of underwater gas mining is proved in the all-in-one process including the micro-bubble generation, bubble collection, and gas transport. The current design paves an avenue to reinforce the structure of slippery surfaces, and should promote the function of underwater bubble manipulation toward real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jingrun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Cunming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interface Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Moyuan Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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35
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Huang L, Yao Y, Peng Z, Zhang B, Chen S. How to Achieve a Monostable Cassie State on a Micropillar-Arrayed Superhydrophobic Surface. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:883-894. [PMID: 33459010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces with a monostable Cassie state possess numerous interesting applications in many fields, such as microfluidics, oil-water separation, drag reduction, self-cleaning, heat dissipation, and so on. How to guarantee a monostable Cassie state of a superhydrophobic surface is still an interesting problem. In this paper, considering the influence of external interferences that may induce the possible wettability transition, the whole wetting process of a droplet on a trapezoidal micropillar-arrayed superhydrophobic surface is divided into six possible stages. Both the Gibbs-free energy in each stage and the energy barrier between adjacent stages are obtained and analyzed theoretically. It is interesting to find that the finally stable wettability of a trapezoidal micropillar-arrayed superhydrophobic surface significantly depends on the apparent contact angle of the lateral surface of a single micropillar, which can be divided into three regions from 0 to 180°, corresponding to the Wenzel state, metastable Cassie state, and monostable Cassie state. Furthermore, the size of each region is explicitly related to and can be well-tuned by the geometry of microstructures. Such a wettability classification is well verified by a number of existing experimental results and our numerical simulations. As a relatively general case, such a trapezoidal micropillar-arrayed superhydrophobic surface can also be conveniently degenerated to the triangular or rectangular micropillar-arrayed surface. All the results should be useful for the precise design of functional surfaces of different wettabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Huang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yin Yao
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhilong Peng
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-Functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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36
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Iwamatsu M. Free-energy landscapes of intrusion and extrusion of liquid in truncated and inverted truncated conical pores: Implications for the Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel transition. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:052801. [PMID: 33327066 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.052801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As the simplest model of transition between the superhydrophobic Cassie-Baxter (CB) and Wenzel (W) states of a macroscopic droplet sitting on a microscopically rough or corrugated substrate, a substrate whose surface is covered by identical truncated or inverted truncated conical pores is considered. The free-energy landscapes of the intrusion and extrusion processes of a liquid into single pore are analyzed when the liquid is compressed or stretched so that the liquid phase is either stable or metastable relative to the vapor phase. Therefore, this model is also relevant to the stability of the superhydrophobic submerged substrates. In this study, the macroscopic classical capillary theory is adopted. Even within this simplified model, two simple geometries of truncated and inverted truncated cones lead to completely different free-energy landscapes. A simple criterion for the stability of the CB state based on Laplace pressure is shown not to be sufficient to understand the destruction and recovery of the CB state. The free-energy landscapes indicate that a gradual and an abrupt destruction of CB state is possible, which depends on the orientation of the conical pore and whether the liquid is compressed or stretched. The extensions of these theoretical results to more complex geometries are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Iwamatsu
- Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
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37
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Seo D, Chen SY, Lee DW, Schrader AM, Ahn K, Page S, Koenig PH, Gizaw Y, Israelachvili JN. The shape and dynamics of deformations of viscoelastic fluids by water droplets. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:776-784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Gao Y, Zhu C, Zuhlke C, Alexander D, Francisco JS, Zeng XC. Turning a Superhydrophilic Surface Weakly Hydrophilic: Topological Wetting States. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18491-18502. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yurui Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Craig Zuhlke
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Dennis Alexander
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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39
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Zhu Q, Li B, Li S, Luo G, Zheng B, Zhang J. Durable superamphiphobic coatings with high static and dynamic repellency towards liquids with low surface tension and high viscosity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:262-272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Vuckovac M, Backholm M, Timonen JVI, Ras RHA. Viscosity-enhanced droplet motion in sealed superhydrophobic capillaries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/42/eaba5197. [PMID: 33067224 PMCID: PMC7567596 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that an increased viscosity slows down fluid dynamics. Here we show that this intuitive rule is not general and can fail for liquids flowing in confined liquid-repellent systems. A gravity-driven, highly viscous glycerol droplet inside a sealed superhydrophobic capillary is moving more than 10 times faster than a water droplet with three-orders-of-magnitude lower viscosity. Using tracer particles, we show that the low-viscosity droplets are rapidly rotating internally, with flow velocities greatly exceeding the center-of-mass velocity. This is in stark contrast to the faster moving high-viscosity droplets with nearly vanishing internal flows. The anomalous viscosity-enhanced flow is caused by a viscosity-suppressed deformation of the droplet-air interface and a hydro- and aerodynamic coupling between the droplet and the air trapped within the micro/nanostructures (plastron). Our work demonstrates the unexpected role of the plastron in controlling fluid flow beyond the mere reduction in contact area and friction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Vuckovac
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Matilda Backholm
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Jaakko V I Timonen
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Robin H A Ras
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 02150 Espoo, Finland.
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16000, 02150 Espoo, Finland
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41
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Li Y, Li J, Liu L, Yan Y, Zhang Q, Zhang N, He L, Liu Y, Zhang X, Tian D, Leng J, Jiang L. Switchable Wettability and Adhesion of Micro/Nanostructured Elastomer Surface via Electric Field for Dynamic Liquid Droplet Manipulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2000772. [PMID: 32999834 PMCID: PMC7509640 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic control of liquid wetting behavior on smart surfaces has attracted considerable concern owing to their important applications in directional motion, confined wetting and selective separation. Despite much progress in this regard, there still remains challenges in dynamic liquid droplet manipulation with fast response, no loss and anti-contamination. Herein, a strategy to achieve dynamic droplet manipulation and transportation on the electric field adaptive superhydrophobic elastomer surface is demonstrated. The superhydrophobic elastomer surface is fabricated by combining the micro/nanostructured clusters of hydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticles with the elastomer film, on which the micro/nanostructure can be dynamically and reversibly tuned by electric field due to the electric field adaptive deformation of elastomer film. Accordingly, fast and reversible transition of wetting state between Cassie state and Wenzel state and tunable adhesion on the surface via electric field induced morphology transformation can be obtained. Moreover, the motion states of the surface droplets can be controlled dynamically and precisely, such as jumping and pinning, catching and releasing, and controllable liquid transfer without loss and contamination. Thus this work would open the avenue for dynamic liquid manipulation and transportation, and gear up the broad application prospects in liquid transfer, selective separation, anti-fog, anti-ice, microfluidics devices, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special EnvironmentsHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiang150080P. R. China
| | - Liwu Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and MechanicsHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiang150001P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Qiuya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Linlin He
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and MechanicsHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiang150001P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- School of Mathematics and PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special EnvironmentsHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiang150080P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationSchool of ChemistryBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100191P. R. China
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42
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Li X, Yang J, Lv K, Papadopoulos P, Sun J, Wang D, Zhao Y, Chen L, Wang D, Wang Z, Deng X. Salvinia-like slippery surface with stable and mobile water/air contact line. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 8:nwaa153. [PMID: 34691630 PMCID: PMC8288347 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are widely used in many industrial settings, and mainly consist of rough solid protrusions that entrap air to minimize the liquid/solid area. The stability of the superhydrophobic state favors relatively small spacing between protrusions. However, this in turn increases the lateral adhesion force that retards the mobility of drops. Here we propose a novel approach that optimizes both properties simultaneously. Inspired by the hydrophobic leaves of Salvinia molesta and the slippery Nepenthes pitcher plants, we designed a Salvinia-like slippery surface (SSS) consisting of protrusions with slippery heads. We demonstrate that compared to a control surface, the SSS exhibits increased stability against pressure and impact, and enhanced lateral mobility of water drops as well as reduced hydrodynamic drag. We also systematically investigate the wetting dynamics on the SSS. With its easy fabrication and enhanced performance, we envision that SSS will be useful in a variety of fields in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Kaixuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | | | - Jing Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dehui Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yanhua Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Longquan Chen
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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43
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Shevkunov SV. Condensed Water Phase Nuclei in the Field of a Vacancy on a Crystalline Substrate Surface. COLLOID JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x20040122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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Wang S, Wang C, Peng Z, Chen S. Spontaneous dewetting transition of nanodroplets on nanopillared surface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:225502. [PMID: 32066123 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab76f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous dewetting transition (SDT) of nanoscale droplets on the nanopillared surface is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. Three typical SDT modes, i.e. condensing, merging and coalescing with flying droplets are observed, and the underlying physical mechanism is clearly revealed by the potential energy analysis of droplets. We find that there exists a dimensionless parameter of the relative critical volume of droplet C cri which completely controls the SDT of nanodroplets. Furthermore, the C cri remains constant for geometrically similar surfaces, which indicates an intrinsic similarity of nanoscale SDT. The effect of pillar height, diameter and spacing on SDT has also been studied and it is likely to occur on the surface with longer, wider and thicker pillars, as well as pillars with cone-like shape and larger hydrophobicity. These results should be useful for a complete understanding of the nanoscale SDT and shed light on the design of smart superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
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45
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Rofman B, Dehe S, Frumkin V, Hardt S, Bercovici M. Intermediate States of Wetting on Hierarchical Superhydrophobic Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5517-5523. [PMID: 32337996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wetting transition on superhydrophobic surfaces is commonly described as an abrupt jump between two stable states-either from Cassie to Wenzel for nonhierarchical surfaces or from Cassie to nano-Cassie on hierarchical surfaces. We here experimentally study the electrowetting of hierarchical superhydrophobic surfaces composed of multiple length scales by imaging the light reflections from the gas-liquid interface. We present the existence of a continuous set of intermediate states of wetting through which the gas-liquid interface transitions under a continuously increasing external forcing. This transition is partially reversible and is limited only by localized Cassie to Wenzel transitions at nanodefects in the structure. In addition, we show that even a surface containing many localized wetted regions can still exhibit extremely low contact angle hysteresis, thus remaining useful for many heat transfer and self-cleaning applications. Expanding the classical definition of the Cassie state in the context of hierarchical surfaces, from a single state to a continuum of metastable states ranging from the centimeter to the nanometer scale, is important for a better description of the slip properties of superhydrophobic surfaces and provides new considerations for their effective design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Rofman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Sebastian Dehe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Valeri Frumkin
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Steffen Hardt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Moran Bercovici
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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46
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Hu D, Yu Q, Yang Y, Weng L. Fabrication and wetting behaviour of micro/nanostructured mushroom-shaped silver pillar surface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:175701. [PMID: 31899907 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab674b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents a simple, one-step method for the fabrication of micro/nanostructured metal-based superhydrophobic surfaces via electroplating using stacked polycarbonate membranes with nanoscale and microscale pores as a template. The two-tiered mushroom-shaped silver pillar arrays include a top layer composed of nanopillars and a bottom layer composed of T-shaped micropillars. The presence of the re-entrant surface structures with a strong resistance pin the droplets to the cap's ridge and prevent water droplets from penetrating into the valleys of the rough surface, thus resulting in an increase in water contact angle (WCA). Compared with microstructured mushroom-shaped surfaces (WCA = 148°, sliding angle (SA) ∼ 26°) and nanostructured surfaces (WCA = 151.5°, SA ∼ 4.8°), the micro/nanostructured mushroom-shaped pillar arrays (WCA = 154.1°, SA ∼ 2°) exhibit remarkable superhydrophobic properties with high CA and low SA. This new micro/nanostructured surface will have a potential application in metal-based superhydrophobic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Hu
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021 People's Republic of China
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47
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Tian N, Wei J, Li Y, Li B, Zhang J. Efficient scald-preventing enabled by robust polyester fabrics with hot water repellency and water impalement resistance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 566:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Zhou K, Li D, Xue P, Wang P, Zhao Y, Jin M. One-step fabrication of Salvinia-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces with High adhesion. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Hu S, Cao X, Reddyhoff T, Puhan D, Vladescu SC, Wang Q, Shi X, Peng Z, deMello AJ, Dini D. Self-Compensating Liquid-Repellent Surfaces with Stratified Morphology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4174-4182. [PMID: 31889435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Artificial liquid-repellent surfaces have recently attracted vast scientific attention; however, achieving mechanical robustness remains a formidable challenge before industrialization can be realized. To this end, inspired by plateaus in geological landscapes, a self-compensating strategy is developed to pave the way for the synthesis of durable repellent surfaces. This self-compensating surface comprises tall hydrophobic structural elements, which can repel liquid droplets. When these elements are damaged, they expose shorter structural elements that also suspend the droplets and thus preserve interfacial repellency. An example of this plateau-inspired stratified surface was created by three-dimensional (3D) direct laser lithography micro-nano fabrication. Even after being subjected to serious frictional damage, it maintained static repellency to water with a contact angle above 147° and was simultaneously able to endure high pressures arising from droplet impacts. Extending the scope of nature-inspired functional surfaces from conventional biomimetics to geological landscapes, this work demonstrates that the plateau-inspired self-compensating strategy can provide an unprecedented level of robustness in terms of sustained liquid repellency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Xiaobao Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , Zurich 8093 , Switzerland
| | - Tom Reddyhoff
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Debashis Puhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Sorin-Cristian Vladescu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Xi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Zhike Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , Zurich 8093 , Switzerland
| | - Daniele Dini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
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50
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Superrepellency of underwater hierarchical structures on Salvinia leaf. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:2282-2287. [PMID: 31964812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900015117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces display many excellent underwater functionalities, which attribute to the slippery air mattress trapped in the structures on the surface. However, the air mattress is easy to collapse due to various disturbances, leading to the fully wetted Wenzel state, while the water filling the microstructures is difficult to be repelled to completely recover the air mattress even on superhydrophobic surfaces like lotus leaves. Beyond superhydrophobicity, here we find that the floating fern, Salvinia molesta, has the superrepellent capability to efficiently replace the water in the microstructures with air and robustly recover the continuous air mattress. The hierarchical structures on the leaf surface are demonstrated to be crucial to the recovery. The interconnected wedge-shaped grooves between epidermal cells are key to the spontaneous spreading of air over the entire leaf governed by a gas wicking effect to form a thin air film, which provides a base for the later growth of the air mattress in thickness synchronously along the hairy structures. Inspired by nature, biomimetic artificial Salvinia surfaces are fabricated using 3D printing technology, which successfully achieves a complete recovery of a continuous air mattress to exactly imitate the superrepellent capability of Salvinia leaves. This finding will benefit the design principles of water-repellent materials and expand their underwater applications, especially in extreme environments.
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