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Hu Y, Hruscha A, Pan C, Schifferer M, Schmidt MK, Nuscher B, Giera M, Kostidis S, Burhan Ö, van Bebber F, Edbauer D, Arzberger T, Haass C, Schmid B. Mis-localization of endogenous TDP-43 leads to ALS-like early-stage metabolic dysfunction and progressive motor deficits. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:50. [PMID: 38902734 PMCID: PMC11188230 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key pathological signature of ALS/ FTLD is the mis-localization of endogenous TDP-43 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. However, TDP-43 gain of function in the cytoplasm is still poorly understood since TDP-43 animal models recapitulating mis-localization of endogenous TDP-43 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm are missing. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to generate a zebrafish line (called CytoTDP), that mis-locates endogenous TDP-43 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Phenotypic characterization of motor neurons and the neuromuscular junction was performed by immunostaining, microglia were immunohistochemically localized by whole-mount tissue clearing and muscle ultrastructure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Behavior was investigated by video tracking and quantitative analysis of swimming parameters. RNA sequencing was used to identify mis-regulated pathways with validation by molecular analysis. RESULTS CytoTDP fish have early larval phenotypes resembling clinical features of ALS such as progressive motor defects, neurodegeneration and muscle atrophy. Taking advantage of zebrafish's embryonic development that solely relys on yolk usage until 5 days post fertilization, we demonstrated that microglia proliferation and activation in the hypothalamus is independent from food intake. By comparing CytoTDP to a previously generated TDP-43 knockout line, transcriptomic analyses revealed that mis-localization of endogenous TDP-43, rather than TDP-43 nuclear loss of function, leads to early onset metabolic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The new TDP-43 model mimics the ALS/FTLD hallmark of progressive motor dysfunction. Our results suggest that functional deficits of the hypothalamus, the metabolic regulatory center, might be the primary cause of weight loss in ALS patients. Cytoplasmic gain of function of endogenous TDP-43 leads to metabolic dysfunction in vivo that are reminiscent of early ALS clinical non-motor metabolic alterations. Thus, the CytoTDP zebrafish model offers a unique opportunity to identify mis-regulated targets for therapeutic intervention early in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Hu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Medical Research School (MMRS), Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Hruscha
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chenchen Pan
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael K Schmidt
- Zentrum Für Neuropathologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Brigitte Nuscher
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Giera
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Özge Burhan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frauke van Bebber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Edbauer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Zentrum Für Neuropathologie, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.
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2
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Cereghetti G, Kissling VM, Koch LM, Arm A, Schmidt CC, Thüringer Y, Zamboni N, Afanasyev P, Linsenmeier M, Eichmann C, Kroschwald S, Zhou J, Cao Y, Pfizenmaier DM, Wiegand T, Cadalbert R, Gupta G, Boehringer D, Knowles TPJ, Mezzenga R, Arosio P, Riek R, Peter M. An evolutionarily conserved mechanism controls reversible amyloids of pyruvate kinase via pH-sensing regions. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00271-5. [PMID: 38788715 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Amyloids are known as irreversible aggregates associated with neurodegenerative diseases. However, recent evidence shows that a subset of amyloids can form reversibly and fulfill essential cellular functions. Yet, the molecular mechanisms regulating functional amyloids and distinguishing them from pathological aggregates remain unclear. Here, we investigate the conserved principles of amyloid reversibility by studying the essential metabolic enzyme pyruvate kinase (PK) in yeast and human cells. We demonstrate that yeast PK (Cdc19) and human PK (PKM2) form reversible amyloids through a pH-sensitive amyloid core. Stress-induced cytosolic acidification promotes aggregation via protonation of specific glutamate (yeast) or histidine (human) residues within the amyloid core. Mutations mimicking protonation cause constitutive PK aggregation, while non-protonatable PK mutants remain soluble even upon stress. Physiological PK aggregation is coupled to metabolic rewiring and glycolysis arrest, causing severe growth defects when misregulated. Our work thus identifies an evolutionarily conserved, potentially widespread mechanism regulating functional amyloids during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gea Cereghetti
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK.
| | - Vera M Kissling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Empa, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lisa M Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Arm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia C Schmidt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yannik Thüringer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Afanasyev
- Cryo-EM Knowledge Hub (CEMK), ETH Zurich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Linsenmeier
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Eichmann
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Kroschwald
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jiangtao Zhou
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yiping Cao
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dorota M Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Riccardo Cadalbert
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Govind Gupta
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Empa, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Riek
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Peter
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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3
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Pandya VA, Patani R. The role of glial cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:381-450. [PMID: 38802179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has traditionally been considered a neuron-centric disease. This view is now outdated, with increasing recognition of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous contributions of central and peripheral nervous system glia to ALS pathomechanisms. With glial research rapidly accelerating, we comprehensively interrogate the roles of astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells and satellite glia in nervous system physiology and ALS-associated pathology. Moreover, we highlight the inter-glial, glial-neuronal and inter-system polylogue which constitutes the healthy nervous system and destabilises in disease. We also propose classification based on function for complex glial reactive phenotypes and discuss the pre-requisite for integrative modelling to advance translation. Given the paucity of life-enhancing therapies currently available for ALS patients, we discuss the promising potential of harnessing glia in driving ALS therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virenkumar A Pandya
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
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4
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Brewer MK, Torres P, Ayala V, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R, Andrés-Benito P, Ferrer I, Guinovart JJ, Duran J. Glycogen accumulation modulates life span in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurochem 2024; 168:744-759. [PMID: 37401737 PMCID: PMC10764643 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Glial cells, including astrocytes and microglia, have been shown to contribute to neurodegeneration in ALS, and metabolic dysfunction plays an important role in the progression of the disease. Glycogen is a soluble polymer of glucose found at low levels in the central nervous system that plays an important role in memory formation, synaptic plasticity, and the prevention of seizures. However, its accumulation in astrocytes and/or neurons is associated with pathological conditions and aging. Importantly, glycogen accumulation has been reported in the spinal cord of human ALS patients and mouse models. In the present work, using the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, we show that glycogen accumulates in the spinal cord and brainstem during symptomatic and end stages of the disease and that the accumulated glycogen is associated with reactive astrocytes. To study the contribution of glycogen to ALS progression, we generated SOD1G93A mice with reduced glycogen synthesis (SOD1G93A GShet mice). SOD1G93A GShet mice had a significantly longer life span than SOD1G93A mice and showed lower levels of the astrocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine Cxcl10, suggesting that the accumulation of glycogen is associated with an inflammatory response. Supporting this, inducing an increase in glycogen synthesis reduced life span in SOD1G93A mice. Altogether, these results suggest that glycogen in reactive astrocytes contributes to neurotoxicity and disease progression in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kathryn Brewer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pascual Torres
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Victòria Ayala
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Metabolic Pathophysiology Research Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Joan J. Guinovart
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Duran
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Barcelona (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Sonkodi B. Progressive Irreversible Proprioceptive Piezo2 Channelopathy-Induced Lost Forced Peripheral Oscillatory Synchronization to the Hippocampal Oscillator May Explain the Onset of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathomechanism. Cells 2024; 13:492. [PMID: 38534336 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a mysterious lethal multisystem neurodegenerative disease that gradually leads to the progressive loss of motor neurons. A recent non-contact dying-back injury mechanism theory for ALS proposed that the primary damage is an acquired irreversible intrafusal proprioceptive terminal Piezo2 channelopathy with underlying genetic and environmental risk factors. Underpinning this is the theory that excessively prolonged proprioceptive mechanotransduction under allostasis may induce dysfunctionality in mitochondria, leading to Piezo2 channelopathy. This microinjury is suggested to provide one gateway from physiology to pathophysiology. The chronic, but not irreversible, form of this Piezo2 channelopathy is implicated in many diseases with unknown etiology. Dry eye disease is one of them where replenishing synthetic proteoglycans promote nerve regeneration. Syndecans, especially syndecan-3, are proposed as the first critical link in this hierarchical ordered depletory pathomechanism as proton-collecting/distributing antennas; hence, they may play a role in ALS pathomechanism onset. Even more importantly, the shedding or charge-altering variants of Syndecan-3 may contribute to the Piezo2 channelopathy-induced disruption of the Piezo2-initiated proton-based ultrafast long-range signaling through VGLUT1 and VGLUT2. Thus, these alterations may not only cause disruption to ultrafast signaling to the hippocampus in conscious proprioception, but could disrupt the ultrafast proprioceptive signaling feedback to the motoneurons. Correspondingly, an inert Piezo2-initiated proton-based ultrafast signaled proprioceptive skeletal system is coming to light that is suggested to be progressively lost in ALS. In addition, the lost functional link of the MyoD family of inhibitor proteins, as auxiliary subunits of Piezo2, may not only contribute to the theorized acquired Piezo2 channelopathy, but may explain how these microinjured ion channels evolve to be principal transcription activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Sonkodi
- Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
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6
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Perlegos AE, Durkin J, Belfer SJ, Rodriguez A, Shcherbakova O, Park K, Luong J, Bonini NM, Kayser MS. TDP-43 impairs sleep in Drosophila through Ataxin-2-dependent metabolic disturbance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj4457. [PMID: 38198547 PMCID: PMC10780954 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia are associated with substantial sleep disruption, which may accelerate cognitive decline and brain degeneration. Here, we define a role for trans-activation response element (TAR) DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a protein associated with human neurodegenerative disease, in regulating sleep using Drosophila. Expression of TDP-43 severely disrupts sleep, and the sleep deficit is rescued by Atx2 knockdown. Brain RNA sequencing revealed that Atx2 RNA interference regulates transcripts enriched for small-molecule metabolic signaling in TDP-43 brains. Focusing on these Atx2-regulated genes, we identified suppressors of the TDP-43 sleep phenotype enriched for metabolism pathways. Knockdown of Atx2 or treatment with rapamycin attenuated the sleep phenotype and mitigated the disruption of small-molecule glycogen metabolism caused by TDP-43. Our findings provide a connection between toxicity of TDP-43 and sleep disturbances and highlight key aspects of metabolism that interplay with TDP-43 toxicity upon Atx2 rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Perlegos
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jaclyn Durkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samuel J. Belfer
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anyara Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Oksana Shcherbakova
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristen Park
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jenny Luong
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nancy M. Bonini
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew S. Kayser
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Chronobiology Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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7
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Durbin R, Renden R. Basal lamina: A novel pH regulator at the neuromuscular junction. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504231225066. [PMID: 38196184 PMCID: PMC10777786 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231225066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Proton concentration can change within the cleft during synaptic activity due to vesicular release and Ca2+ extrusion from cellular compartments. These changes within the synaptic cleft can impact neural activity by proton-dependent modulation of ion channel function. The pH transient differs in magnitude and direction between synapses, requiring different synapse types to be measured to generate a complete understanding of this mechanism and its impacts on physiology. With a focus on the mouse neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the recently published "Postsynaptic Calcium Extrusion at the Mouse Neuromuscular Junction Alkalinizes the Synaptic Cleft" measured synaptic cleft pH at a cholinergic synapse and found a biphasic pH transient. The study demonstrated that the changes in proton concentration found were due to postsynaptic signaling when measuring pH at the muscle membrane, despite the expectation of a presynaptic contribution. This result suggests a diffusional barrier within the NMJ isolates pH transients to presynaptic versus postsynaptic compartments. Generating a Donnan equilibrium that impacts protons, evidence suggests the basal lamina may be a key regulator of pH at the NMJ. Exploring synaptic pH, proton regulating factors, and downstream pH transient effects at presynaptic versus postsynaptic membranes may lead to new insight for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Durbin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Robert Renden
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA
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8
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Ludolph A, Dupuis L, Kasarskis E, Steyn F, Ngo S, McDermott C. Nutritional and metabolic factors in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:511-524. [PMID: 37500993 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease that is classically thought to impact the motor system. Over the past 20 years, research has started to consider the contribution of non-motor symptoms and features of the disease, and how they might affect ALS prognosis. Of the non-motor features of the disease, nutritional status (for example, malnutrition) and metabolic balance (for example, weight loss and hypermetabolism) have been consistently shown to contribute to more rapid disease progression and/or earlier death. Several complex cellular changes observed in ALS, including mitochondrial dysfunction, are also starting to be shown to contribute to bioenergetic failure. The resulting energy depletion in high energy demanding neurons makes them sensitive to apoptosis. Given that nutritional and metabolic stressors at the whole-body and cellular level can impact the capacity to maintain optimal function, these factors present avenues through which we can identify novel targets for treatment in ALS. Several clinical trials are now underway evaluating the effectiveness of modifying energy balance in ALS, making this article timely in reviewing the evidence base for metabolic and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Site Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Luc Dupuis
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Mécanismes Centraux et Périphériques de la Neurodégénérescence, UMR-S1118, Centre de Recherches en Biomédecine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Edward Kasarskis
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Frederik Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shyuan Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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9
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Durbin RJ, Heredia DJ, Gould TW, Renden RB. Postsynaptic Calcium Extrusion at the Mouse Neuromuscular Junction Alkalinizes the Synaptic Cleft. J Neurosci 2023; 43:5741-5752. [PMID: 37474311 PMCID: PMC10423045 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0815-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmission is shaped by extracellular pH. Alkalization enhances pH-sensitive transmitter release and receptor activation, whereas acidification inhibits these processes and can activate acid-sensitive conductances in the synaptic cleft. Previous work has shown that the synaptic cleft can either acidify because of synaptic vesicular release and/or alkalize because of Ca2+ extrusion by the plasma membrane ATPase (PMCA). The direction of change differs across synapse types. At the mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the direction and magnitude of pH transients in the synaptic cleft during transmission remain ambiguous. We set out to elucidate the extracellular pH transients that occur at this cholinergic synapse under near-physiological conditions and identify their sources. We monitored pH-dependent changes in the synaptic cleft of the mouse levator auris longus using viral expression of the pseudoratiometric probe pHusion-Ex in the muscle. Using mice from both sexes, a significant and prolonged alkalization occurred when stimulating the connected nerve for 5 s at 50 Hz, which was dependent on postsynaptic intracellular Ca2+ release. Sustained stimulation for a longer duration (20 s at 50 Hz) caused additional prolonged net acidification at the cleft. To investigate the mechanism underlying cleft alkalization, we used muscle-expressed GCaMP3 to monitor the contribution of postsynaptic Ca2+ Activity-induced liberation of intracellular Ca2+ in muscle positively correlated with alkalization of the synaptic cleft, whereas inhibiting PMCA significantly decreased the extent of cleft alkalization. Thus, cholinergic synapses of the mouse NMJ typically alkalize because of cytosolic Ca2+ liberated in muscle during activity, unless under highly strenuous conditions where acidification predominates.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Changes in synaptic cleft pH alter neurotransmission, acting on receptors and channels on both sides of the synapse. Synaptic acidification has been associated with a myriad of diseases in the central and peripheral nervous system. Here, we report that in near-physiological recording conditions the cholinergic neuromuscular junction shows use-dependent bidirectional changes in synaptic cleft pH-immediate alkalinization and a long-lasting acidification under prolonged stimulation. These results provide further insight into physiologically relevant changes at cholinergic synapses that have not been defined previously. Understanding and identifying synaptic pH transients during and after neuronal activity provides insight into short-term synaptic plasticity synapses and may identify therapeutic targets for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Durbin
- Integrative Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Dante J Heredia
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Thomas W Gould
- Integrative Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Robert B Renden
- Integrative Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557
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10
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Allen SP, Al Sultan A, Kabucho Kibirige E, Tonkiss E, Hamer KJ, Castelli LM, Lin YH, Roscoe S, Stefanidis N, Mead RJ, Highley JR, Cooper-Knock J, Hautbergue GM, Heath PR, Kirby J, Shaw PJ. A Y374X TDP43 truncation leads to an altered metabolic profile in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis fibroblasts driven by pyruvate and TCA cycle intermediate alterations. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1151848. [PMID: 37251807 PMCID: PMC10213779 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1151848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A p.Y374X truncation in TARDBP was recently shown to reduce expression of TDP43 in fibroblasts isolated from ALS cases. In this follow up study focused on assessing the downstream phenotypic consequences of loss of TDP43 in the context of the truncation, we have shown a striking effect on the fibroblast metabolic profile. Phenotypic metabolic screening uncovered a distinct metabolic profile in TDP43-Y374X fibroblasts compared to controls, which was driven by alterations in key metabolic checkpoint intermediates including pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate and succinate. These metabolic alterations were confirmed using transcriptomics and bioenergetic flux analysis. These data suggest that TDP43 truncation directly compromises glycolytic and mitochondrial function, identifying potential therapeutic targets for mitigating the effects of TDP43-Y374X truncation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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11
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Zimyanin VL, Pielka AM, Glaß H, Japtok J, Großmann D, Martin M, Deussen A, Szewczyk B, Deppmann C, Zunder E, Andersen PM, Boeckers TM, Sterneckert J, Redemann S, Storch A, Hermann A. Live Cell Imaging of ATP Levels Reveals Metabolic Compartmentalization within Motoneurons and Early Metabolic Changes in FUS ALS Motoneurons. Cells 2023; 12:1352. [PMID: 37408187 PMCID: PMC10216752 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Motoneurons are one of the most energy-demanding cell types and a primary target in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a debilitating and lethal neurodegenerative disorder without currently available effective treatments. Disruption of mitochondrial ultrastructure, transport, and metabolism is a commonly reported phenotype in ALS models and can critically affect survival and the proper function of motor neurons. However, how changes in metabolic rates contribute to ALS progression is not fully understood yet. Here, we utilize hiPCS-derived motoneuron cultures and live imaging quantitative techniques to evaluate metabolic rates in fused in sarcoma (FUS)-ALS model cells. We show that differentiation and maturation of motoneurons are accompanied by an overall upregulation of mitochondrial components and a significant increase in metabolic rates that correspond to their high energy-demanding state. Detailed compartment-specific live measurements using a fluorescent ATP sensor and FLIM imaging show significantly lower levels of ATP in the somas of cells carrying FUS-ALS mutations. These changes lead to the increased vulnerability of diseased motoneurons to further metabolic challenges with mitochondrial inhibitors and could be due to the disruption of mitochondrial inner membrane integrity and an increase in its proton leakage. Furthermore, our measurements demonstrate heterogeneity between axonal and somatic compartments, with lower relative levels of ATP in axons. Our observations strongly support the hypothesis that mutated FUS impacts the metabolic states of motoneurons and makes them more susceptible to further neurodegenerative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly L Zimyanin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Pielka
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Julia Japtok
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dajana Großmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Melanie Martin
- Institute of Physiology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Deussen
- Institute of Physiology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Szewczyk
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Chris Deppmann
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA
| | - Eli Zunder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Ulm Site, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jared Sterneckert
- Centre for Regenerative Therapie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefanie Redemann
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA
| | - Alexander Storch
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section, "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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12
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Evidence and Metabolic Implications for a New Non-Canonical Role of Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043230. [PMID: 36834640 PMCID: PMC9966940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) has long been recognized as a major redox enzyme in scavenging superoxide radicals. However, there is little information on its non-canonical role and metabolic implications. Using a protein complementation assay (PCA) and pull-down assay, we revealed novel protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between SOD1 and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta (YWHAZ) or epsilon (YWHAE) in this research. Through site-directed mutagenesis of SOD1, we studied the binding conditions of the two PPIs. Forming the SOD1 and YWHAE or YWHAZ protein complex enhanced enzyme activity of purified SOD1 in vitro by 40% (p < 0.05) and protein stability of over-expressed intracellular YWHAE (18%, p < 0.01) and YWHAZ (14%, p < 0.05). Functionally, these PPIs were associated with lipolysis, cell growth, and cell survival in HEK293T or HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our findings reveal two new PPIs between SOD1 and YWHAE or YWHAZ and their structural dependences, responses to redox status, mutual impacts on the enzyme function and protein degradation, and metabolic implications. Overall, our finding revealed a new unorthodox role of SOD1 and will provide novel perspectives and insights for diagnosing and treating diseases related to the protein.
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13
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Ogbu D, Zhang Y, Claud K, Xia Y, Sun J. Target Metabolites to Slow Down Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Mice. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121253. [PMID: 36557291 PMCID: PMC9784240 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial metabolites affect the neuron system and muscle cell functions. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neuromuscular disease. Our previous study has demonstrated elevated intestinal inflammation and dysfunction of the microbiome in patients with ALS and an ALS mouse model (human-SOD1G93A transgenic mice). However, the metabolites in ALS progression are unknown. Using an unbiased global metabolomic measurement and targeted measurement, we investigated the longitudinal changes of fecal metabolites in SOD1G93A mice over the course of 13 weeks. We further compared the changes of metabolites and inflammatory response in age-matched wild-type (WT) and SOD1G93A mice treated with the bacterial product butyrate. We found changes in carbohydrate levels, amino acid metabolism, and the formation of gamma-glutamyl amino acids. Shifts in several microbially contributed catabolites of aromatic amino acids agree with butyrate-induced changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. Declines in gamma-glutamyl amino acids in feces may stem from differential expression of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in response to butyrate administration. Due to the signaling nature of amino acid-derived metabolites, these changes indicate changes in inflammation, e.g., histamine, and contribute to differences in systemic levels of neurotransmitters, e.g., γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate. Butyrate treatment was able to restore some of the healthy metabolites in ALS mice. Moreover, microglia in the spinal cord were measured by IBA1 staining. Butyrate treatment significantly suppressed the IBA1 level in the SOD1G93A mice. Serum IL-17 and LPS were significantly reduced in the butyrate-treated SOD1G93A mice. We have demonstrated an inter-organ communications link among microbial metabolites, neuroactive metabolites from the gut, and inflammation in ALS progression. The study supports the potential to use metabolites as ALS hallmarks and for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Destiny Ogbu
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Katerina Claud
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.S.)
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbiology/Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.S.)
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14
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Wang T, Tian X, Kim HB, Jang Y, Huang Z, Na CH, Wang J. Intracellular energy controls dynamics of stress-induced ribonucleoprotein granules. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5584. [PMID: 36151083 PMCID: PMC9508253 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism and membraneless organelles have been implicated in human diseases including neurodegeneration. How energy deficiency regulates ribonucleoprotein particles such as stress granules (SGs) is still unclear. Here we identified a unique type of granules induced by energy deficiency under physiological conditions and uncovered the mechanisms by which the dynamics of diverse stress-induced granules are regulated. Severe energy deficiency induced the rapid formation of energy deficiency-induced stress granules (eSGs) independently of eIF2α phosphorylation, whereas moderate energy deficiency delayed the clearance of conventional SGs. The formation of eSGs or the clearance of SGs was regulated by the mTOR-4EBP1-eIF4E pathway or eIF4A1, involving assembly of the eIF4F complex or RNA condensation, respectively. In neurons or brain organoids derived from patients carrying the C9orf72 repeat expansion associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), the eSG formation was enhanced, and the clearance of conventional SGs was impaired. These results reveal a critical role for intracellular energy in the regulation of diverse granules and suggest that disruptions in energy-controlled granule dynamics may contribute to the pathogenesis of relevant diseases. Stress granules are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Here, Wang et al. found intracellular energy deficiencies trigger a unique type of granules and disrupt granule disassembly through 4EBP1/eIF4A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Xibin Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yura Jang
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Chan Hyun Na
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Cell Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jiou Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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15
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Nelson AT, Trotti D. Altered Bioenergetics and Metabolic Homeostasis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1102-1118. [PMID: 35773551 PMCID: PMC9587161 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects motor neurons and causes muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death. While a great deal of progress has been made in deciphering the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, no effective treatments for the disease are currently available. This is mainly due to the high degree of complexity and heterogeneity that characterizes the disease. Over the last few decades of research, alterations to bioenergetic and metabolic homeostasis have emerged as a common denominator across many different forms of ALS. These alterations are found at the cellular level (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired expression of monocarboxylate transporters) and at the systemic level (e.g., low BMI and hypermetabolism) and tend to be associated with survival or disease outcomes in patients. Furthermore, an increasing amount of preclinical evidence and some promising clinical evidence suggests that targeting energy metabolism could be an effective therapeutic strategy. This review examines the evidence both for and against these ALS-associated metabolic alterations and highlights potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Nelson
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN Bldg., 4th floor, room 416, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Davide Trotti
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN Bldg., 4th floor, room 416, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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16
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Li JY, Cui LY, Sun XH, Shen DC, Yang XZ, Liu Q, Liu MS. Alterations in metabolic biomarkers and their potential role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1027-1038. [PMID: 35584112 PMCID: PMC9268864 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic dysfunction has been suggested to be involved in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study aimed to investigate the potential role of metabolic biomarkers in the progression of ALS and understand the possible metabolic mechanisms. Methods Fifty‐two patients with ALS and 24 normal controls were included, and blood samples were collected for analysis of metabolic biomarkers. Basal anthropometric measures, including body composition and clinical features, were measured in ALS patients. The disease progression rate was calculated using the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS‐R) during the 6‐month follow‐up. Results ALS patients had higher levels of adipokines (adiponectin, adipsin, resistin, and visfatin) and other metabolic biomarkers [C‐peptide, glucagon, glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1), gastric inhibitory peptide, and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1] than controls. Leptin levels in serum were positively correlated with body mass index, body fat, and visceral fat index (VFI). Adiponectin was positively correlated with the VFI and showed a positive correlation with the ALSFRS‐R and a negative correlation with baseline disease progression. Patients with lower body fat, VFI, and fat in limbs showed faster disease progression during follow‐ups. Lower leptin and adiponectin levels were correlated with faster disease progression. After adjusting for confounders, lower adiponectin levels and higher visfatin levels were independently correlated with faster disease progression. Interpretation The current study found altered levels of metabolic biomarkers in ALS patients, which may play a role in ALS pathogenesis. Adiponectin and visfatin represent potential biomarkers for prediction of disease progression in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yue Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ying Cui
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiao-Han Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Chao Shen
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xun-Zhe Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Harguindey S, Alfarouk K, Polo Orozco J, Reshkin SJ, Devesa J. Hydrogen Ion Dynamics as the Fundamental Link between Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer: Its Application to the Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases with Special Emphasis on Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052454. [PMID: 35269597 PMCID: PMC8910484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pH-related metabolic paradigm has rapidly grown in cancer research and treatment. In this contribution, this recent oncological perspective has been laterally assessed for the first time in order to integrate neurodegeneration within the energetics of the cancer acid-base conceptual frame. At all levels of study (molecular, biochemical, metabolic, and clinical), the intimate nature of both processes appears to consist of opposite mechanisms occurring at the far ends of a physiopathological intracellular pH/extracellular pH (pHi/pHe) spectrum. This wide-ranging original approach now permits an increase in our understanding of these opposite processes, cancer and neurodegeneration, and, as a consequence, allows us to propose new avenues of treatment based upon the intracellular and microenvironmental hydrogen ion dynamics regulating and deregulating the biochemistry and metabolism of both cancer and neural cells. Under the same perspective, the etiopathogenesis and special characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) is an excellent model for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and, utilizing this pioneering approach, we find that MS appears to be a metabolic disease even before an autoimmune one. Furthermore, within this paradigm, several important aspects of MS, from mitochondrial failure to microbiota functional abnormalities, are analyzed in depth. Finally, and for the first time, a new and integrated model of treatment for MS can now be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Harguindey
- Division of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, 01004 Vitoria, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-629-047-141
| | - Khalid Alfarouk
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan;
| | - Julián Polo Orozco
- Division of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Biology and Metabolism, 01004 Vitoria, Spain;
| | - Stephan J Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Foltra Medical Centre, 15886 Teo, Spain;
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18
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Jang KB, You MJ, Yang B, Rim C, Kim HJ, Kwon MS. Persistent Acidic Environment Induces Impaired Phagocytosis via ERK in Microglia. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1341-1353. [PMID: 35103911 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acidic environment evoked by stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease may change the functional properties of microglia. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of functional changes in microglia remain unclear. In this study, we found that acidic stimuli (pH 6.8) increased rapidly interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels and subsequently reduced IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Cx3cr1, and P2ry12 as the exposure time to acidic environment increase in BV2 cells. In addition, persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h) induced impaired phagocytic function in BV2 cells. Short-term acidic exposure (pH 6.8 for 30 min) increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) and phospho-protein kinase A (PKA) but inhibited phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). However, under persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h), cyclic AMP and PKA were normalized and p-ERK was increased with TDAG8 (T cell death associated gene 8; GPR65) reduction. FR 180,204, an ERK inhibitor, rescued the persistent acidic environment-induced functional changes in BV2 cells and its effect was recapitulated in primary neonatal microglia. Thus, we propose that ERK targeting may be an alternative strategy to restore microglial dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS) acidic environment in various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Beom Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung You
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Rim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Ju Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Estévez-Silva HM, Mediavilla T, Giacobbo BL, Liu X, Sultan FR, Marcellino DJ. Pridopidine modifies disease phenotype in a SOD1 mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1356-1372. [PMID: 35080077 PMCID: PMC9305776 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal and incurable neurodegenerative disease due to the loss of upper and lower motor neurons, which leads to muscle weakness, atrophy, and paralysis. Sigma‐1 receptor (σ‐1R) is a ligand‐operated protein that exhibits pro‐survival and anti‐apoptotic properties. In addition, mutations in its codifying gene are linked to development of juvenile ALS pointing to an important role in ALS. Here, we investigated the disease‐modifying effects of pridopidine, a σ‐1R agonist, using a delayed onset SOD1 G93A mouse model of ALS. Mice were administered a continuous release of pridopidine (3.0 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks starting before the appearance of any sign of muscle weakness. Mice were monitored weekly and several behavioural tests were used to evaluate muscle strength, motor coordination and gait patterns. Pridopidine‐treated SOD1 G93A mice showed genotype‐specific effects with the prevention of cachexia. In addition, these effects exhibited significant improvement of motor behaviour 5 weeks after treatment ended. However, the survival of the animals was not extended. In summary, these results show that pridopidine can modify the disease phenotype of ALS‐associated cachexia and motor deficits in a SOD1 G93A mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor M Estévez-Silva
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Tomás Mediavilla
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Xijia Liu
- Umeå School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fahad R Sultan
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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20
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Pellegrini P, Hervera A, Varea O, Brewer MK, López-Soldado I, Guitart A, Aguilera M, Prats N, del Río JA, Guinovart JJ, Duran J. Lack of p62 Impairs Glycogen Aggregation and Exacerbates Pathology in a Mouse Model of Myoclonic Epilepsy of Lafora. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:1214-1229. [PMID: 34962634 PMCID: PMC8857170 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02682-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Lafora disease (LD) is a fatal childhood-onset dementia characterized by the extensive accumulation of glycogen aggregates—the so-called Lafora Bodies (LBs)—in several organs. The accumulation of LBs in the brain underlies the neurological phenotype of the disease. LBs are composed of abnormal glycogen and various associated proteins, including p62, an autophagy adaptor that participates in the aggregation and clearance of misfolded proteins. To study the role of p62 in the formation of LBs and its participation in the pathology of LD, we generated a mouse model of the disease (malinKO) lacking p62. Deletion of p62 prevented LB accumulation in skeletal muscle and cardiac tissue. In the brain, the absence of p62 altered LB morphology and increased susceptibility to epilepsy. These results demonstrate that p62 participates in the formation of LBs and suggest that the sequestration of abnormal glycogen into LBs is a protective mechanism through which it reduces the deleterious consequences of its accumulation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Pellegrini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Hervera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Varea
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Kathryn Brewer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iliana López-Soldado
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Guitart
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio del Río
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan J. Guinovart
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Duran
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, University Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Gerou M, Hall B, Woof R, Allsop J, Kolb SJ, Meyer K, Shaw PJ, Allen SP. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters the metabolic aging profile in patient derived fibroblasts. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:64-77. [PMID: 34044197 PMCID: PMC8346650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As metabolic alterations are a hallmark of aging and have previously been observed in ALS, it is important to examine the effect of aging in the context of ALS metabolic function. Here, using a newly established phenotypic metabolic approach, we examined the effect of aging on the metabolic profile of fibroblasts derived from ALS cases compared to controls. We found that ALS fibroblasts have an altered metabolic profile, which is influenced by age. In control cases, we found significant increases with age in NADH metabolism in the presence of several metabolites including lactic acid, trehalose, uridine and fructose, which was not recapitulated in ALS cases. Conversely, we found a reduction of NADH metabolism with age of biopsy, age of onset and age of death in the presence of glycogen in the ALS cohort. Furthermore, we found that NADH production correlated with disease progression rates in relation to a number of metabolites including inosine and α-ketoglutaric acid. Inosine or α-ketoglutaric acid supplementation in ALS fibroblasts was bioenergetically favourable. Overall, we found aging related defects in energy substrates that feed carbon into glycolysis at various points as well as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in ALS fibroblasts, which was validated in induced neuronal progenitor cell derived iAstrocytes. Our results suggest that supplementing those pathways may protect against age related metabolic dysfunction in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Gerou
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jessica Allsop
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen J Kolb
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Centre, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathrin Meyer
- Centre for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Scott P Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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22
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McDonald TS, Kumar V, Fung JN, Woodruff TM, Lee JD. Glucose clearance and uptake is increased in the SOD1 G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through an insulin-independent mechanism. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21707. [PMID: 34118098 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002450r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic disturbances are associated with the progression of the neurodegenerative disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the molecular events that drive energy imbalances in ALS are not completely understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate deficits in energy homeostasis in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS. SOD1G93A mice and their wild-type littermates underwent indirect calorimetry and intraperitoneal glucose/insulin tolerance tests at both the onset and mid-symptomatic stages of the disease. Glucose uptake and the plasma glucoregulatory hormone profiles were analyzed. Pancreatic islet cell mass and function were assessed by measuring hormone concentrations and secretion in isolated islets, and pancreatic α- and β-cell immunoreactive areas. Finally, we profiled liver glycogen metabolism by measuring glucagon concentrations and liver metabolic gene expressions. We identified that mid-symptomatic SOD1G93A mice have increased oxygen consumption and faster exogenous glucose uptake, despite presenting with normal insulin tolerance. The capacity for pancreatic islets to secrete insulin appears intact, however, islet cell insulin concentrations and β-cell mass were reduced. Fasting glucose homeostasis was also disturbed, along with increased liver glycogen stores, despite elevated circulating glucagon, suggesting that glucagon signaling is impaired. Metabolic gene expression profiling of livers indicated that glucose cannot be utilized efficiently in SOD1G93A mice. Overall, we demonstrate that glucose homeostasis and uptake are altered in SOD1G93A mice, which is linked to an increase in insulin-independent glucose uptake, and a loss of β-cells, insulin production, and glucagon sensitivity. This suggests that the hormonal regulation of glucose concentrations may contribute to the progression of disease in this ALS mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya S McDonald
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jenny N Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John D Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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23
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D’Amico E, Grosso G, Nieves JW, Zanghì A, Factor-Litvak P, Mitsumoto H. Metabolic Abnormalities, Dietary Risk Factors and Nutritional Management in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072273. [PMID: 34209133 PMCID: PMC8308334 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons, leading to a relentless paralysis of skeletal muscles and eventual respiratory failure. Although a small percentage of patients may have a longer survival time (up to 10 years), in most cases, the median survival time is from 20 to 48 months. The pathogenesis and risk factors for ALS are still unclear: among the various aspects taken into consideration, metabolic abnormalities and nutritional factors have been the focus of recent interests. Although there are no consistent findings regarding prior type-2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and ALS incidence, abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism may be linked to disease progression, leading to a relatively longer survival (probably as a result of counteract malnutrition and cachexia in the advanced stages of the disease). Among potential dietary risk factors, a higher risk of ALS has been associated with an increased intake of glutamate, while the consumption of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, such as vitamin E, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carotenoids, has been related to lower incidence. Poor nutritional status and weight loss in ALS resulting from poor oral intake, progressive muscle atrophy, and the potential hypermetabolic state have been associated with rapid disease progression. It seems important to routinely perform a nutritional assessment of ALS patients at the earliest referral: weight maintenance (if adequate) or gain (if underweight) is suggested from the scientific literature; evidence of improved diet quality (in terms of nutrients and limits for pro-inflammatory dietary factors) and glucose and lipid control is yet to be confirmed, but it is advised. Further research is warranted to better understand the role of nutrition and the underlying metabolic abnormalities in ALS, and their contribution to the pathogenic mechanisms leading to ALS initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele D’Amico
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.D.); (A.Z.)
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0954-781-187
| | - Jeri W. Nieves
- Mailman School of Public Health and Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.W.N.); (P.F.-L.)
| | - Aurora Zanghì
- Department G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.D.); (A.Z.)
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Mailman School of Public Health and Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; (J.W.N.); (P.F.-L.)
| | - Hiroshi Mitsumoto
- Eleanor and Lou Gehrig ALS Center, The Neurological Institute of New York Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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24
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Giacobbo BL, Mediavilla T, Marcellino DJ, Sultan F. Metabolic changes in an animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis evaluated by [ 18F]-FDG positron emission tomography. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:21. [PMID: 34162436 PMCID: PMC8220836 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomás Mediavilla
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Fahad Sultan
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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25
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Metabolic Dysfunction in Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115913. [PMID: 34072857 PMCID: PMC8198411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder leading to paralysis, muscle atrophy, and death. Significant advances in antisense oligonucleotide treatment and gene therapy have made it possible for SMA patients to benefit from improvements in many aspects of the once devastating natural history of the disease. How the depletion of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, the product of the gene implicated in the disease, leads to the consequent pathogenic changes remains unresolved. Over the past few years, evidence toward a potential contribution of gastrointestinal, metabolic, and endocrine defects to disease phenotype has surfaced. These findings ranged from disrupted body composition, gastrointestinal tract, fatty acid, glucose, amino acid, and hormonal regulation. Together, these changes could have a meaningful clinical impact on disease traits. However, it is currently unclear whether these findings are secondary to widespread denervation or unique to the SMA phenotype. This review provides an in-depth account of metabolism-related research available to date, with a discussion of unique features compared to other motor neuron and related disorders.
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26
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Cakmak A, Celik MH. Personalized Metabolic Analysis of Diseases. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 18:1014-1025. [PMID: 32750887 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2020.3008196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic wiring of patient cells is altered drastically in many diseases, including cancer. Understanding the nature of such changes may pave the way for new therapeutic opportunities as well as the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients. In this paper, we propose an algorithm called Metabolitics, which allows systems-level analysis of changes in the biochemical network of cells in disease states. It enables the study of a disease at both reaction- and pathway-level granularities for a detailed and summarized view of disease etiology. Metabolitics employs flux variability analysis with a dynamically built objective function based on biofluid metabolomics measurements in a personalized manner. Moreover, Metabolitics builds supervised classification models to discriminate between patients and healthy subjects based on the computed metabolic network changes. The use of Metabolitics is demonstrated for three distinct diseases, namely, breast cancer, Crohn's disease, and colorectal cancer. Our results show that the constructed supervised learning models successfully differentiate patients from healthy individuals by an average f1-score of 88 percent. Besides, in addition to the confirmation of previously reported breast cancer-associated pathways, we discovered that Biotin Metabolism along with Arginine and Proline Metabolism is subject to a significant increase in flux capacity, which have not been reported before.
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27
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Trabjerg MS, Andersen DC, Huntjens P, Oklinski KE, Bolther L, Hald JL, Baisgaard AE, Mørk K, Warming N, Kullab UB, Kroese LJ, Pritchard CEJ, Huijbers IJ, Nieland JDV. Downregulating carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 affects disease progression in the SOD1 G93A mouse model of ALS. Commun Biol 2021; 4:509. [PMID: 33931719 PMCID: PMC8087699 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02034-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease characterized by death of motor neurons. The etiology and pathogenesis remains elusive despite decades of intensive research. Herein, we report that dysregulated metabolism plays a central role in the SOD1 G93A mouse model mimicking ALS. Specifically, we report that the activity of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) lipid metabolism is associated with disease progression. Downregulation of CPT1 activity by pharmacological and genetic methods results in amelioration of disease symptoms, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function, whereas upregulation by high-fat diet or corticosterone results in a more aggressive disease progression. Finally, we show that downregulating CPT1 shifts the gut microbiota communities towards a protective phenotype in SOD1 G93A mice. These findings reveal that metabolism, and specifically CPT1 lipid metabolism plays a central role in the SOD1 G93A mouse model and shows that CPT1 might be a therapeutic target in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pam Huntjens
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Luise Bolther
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jonas Laugård Hald
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Kasper Mørk
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Warming
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ulla Bismark Kullab
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lona John Kroese
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging Research, Transgenic Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Eliot Jason Pritchard
- Mouse Clinic for Cancer and Aging Research, Transgenic Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Johan Huijbers
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Dai Z, Kalra S, Mah D, Seres P, Sun H, Wu R, Wilman AH. Amide signal intensities may be reduced in the motor cortex and the corticospinal tract of ALS patients. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:1401-1409. [PMID: 32909054 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to assess amide concentration changes in ALS patients compared with healthy controls by using quantitative amide proton transfer (APT) and multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging, and testing its correlation with clinical scores. METHODS Sixteen ALS patients and sixteen healthy controls were recruited as part of the Canadian ALS Neuroimaging Consortium, and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 3 T, including APT and diffusion imaging. Lorentz fitting was used to quantify the amide effect. Clinical disability was evaluated using the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R), and its correlation with image characteristics was assessed. The diagnostic performance of different imaging parameters was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the amide peak was significantly different between the motor cortex and other gray matter territories within the brain of ALS patients (p < 0.001). Compared with controls, amide signal intensities in ALS were significantly reduced in the motor cortex (p < 0.001) and corticospinal tract (p = 0.046), while abnormalities were not detected using routine imaging methods. There was no significant correlation between amide and ALSFRS-R score. The diagnostic accuracy of the amide peak was superior to that of diffusion imaging. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated changes of amide signal intensities in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract of ALS patients. KEY POINTS • The neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has a lack of objective imaging indicators for diagnosis and assessment. • Analysis of amide proton transfer imaging revealed changes in the motor cortex and corticospinal tract of ALS patients that were not visible on standard magnetic resonance imaging. • The diagnostic accuracy of the amide peak was superior to that of diffusion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuozhi Dai
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2V2, Canada
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Dennell Mah
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Peter Seres
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2V2, Canada
| | - Hongfu Sun
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Alan H Wilman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2V2, Canada.
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29
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Dodge JC, Yu J, Sardi SP, Shihabuddin LS. Sterol auto-oxidation adversely affects human motor neuron viability and is a neuropathological feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:803. [PMID: 33436868 PMCID: PMC7804278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant cholesterol homeostasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neuromuscular disease that is due to motor neuron (MN) death. Cellular toxicity from excess cholesterol is averted when it is enzymatically oxidized to oxysterols and bile acids (BAs) to promote its removal. In contrast, the auto oxidation of excess cholesterol is often detrimental to cellular survival. Although oxidized metabolites of cholesterol are altered in the blood and CSF of ALS patients, it is unknown if increased cholesterol oxidation occurs in the SC during ALS, and if exposure to oxidized cholesterol metabolites affects human MN viability. Here, we show that in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS that several oxysterols, BAs and auto oxidized sterols are increased in the lumbar SC, plasma, and feces during disease. Similar changes in cholesterol oxidation were found in the cervical SC of sporadic ALS patients. Notably, auto-oxidized sterols, but not oxysterols and BAs, were toxic to iPSC derived human MNs. Thus, increased cholesterol oxidation is a manifestation of ALS and non-regulated sterol oxidation likely contributes to MN death. Developing therapeutic approaches to restore cholesterol homeostasis in the SC may lead to a treatment for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Dodge
- Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R+D, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA.
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R+D, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - S Pablo Sardi
- Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R+D, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
| | - Lamya S Shihabuddin
- Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R+D, 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA, 01701, USA
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30
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Tefera TW, Steyn FJ, Ngo ST, Borges K. CNS glucose metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a therapeutic target? Cell Biosci 2021; 11:14. [PMID: 33431046 PMCID: PMC7798275 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by selective degeneration of both the upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and the spinal cord. The exact mechanism for the selective death of neurons is unknown. A growing body of evidence demonstrates abnormalities in energy metabolism at the cellular and whole-body level in animal models and in people living with ALS. Many patients with ALS exhibit metabolic changes such as hypermetabolism and body weight loss. Despite these whole-body metabolic changes being observed in patients with ALS, the origin of metabolic dysregulation remains to be fully elucidated. A number of pre-clinical studies indicate that underlying bioenergetic impairments at the cellular level may contribute to metabolic dysfunctions in ALS. In particular, defects in CNS glucose transport and metabolism appear to lead to reduced mitochondrial energy generation and increased oxidative stress, which seem to contribute to disease progression in ALS. Here, we review the current knowledge and understanding regarding dysfunctions in CNS glucose metabolism in ALS focusing on metabolic impairments in glucose transport, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. We also summarize disturbances found in glycogen metabolism and neuroglial metabolic interactions. Finally, we discuss options for future investigations into how metabolic impairments can be modified to slow disease progression in ALS. These investigations are imperative for understanding the underlying causes of metabolic dysfunction and subsequent neurodegeneration, and to also reveal new therapeutic strategies in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Wolde Tefera
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Center for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Center for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Karin Borges
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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31
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Li Y, Ritzel RM, He J, Cao T, Sabirzhanov B, Li H, Liu S, Wu LJ, Wu J. The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 plays a detrimental role in contusion spinal cord injury via extracellular acidosis-mediated neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:267-283. [PMID: 33039662 PMCID: PMC7749852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue acidosis is an important secondary injury process in the pathophysiology of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). To date, no studies have examined the role of proton extrusion as mechanism of pathological acidosis in SCI. In the present study, we hypothesized that the phagocyte-specific proton channel Hv1 mediates hydrogen proton extrusion after SCI, contributing to increased extracellular acidosis and poor long-term outcomes. Using a contusion model of SCI in adult female mice, we demonstrated that tissue pH levels are markedly lower during the first week after SCI. Acidosis was most evident at the injury site, but also extended into proximal regions of the cervical and lumbar cord. Tissue reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and expression of Hv1 were significantly increased during the week of injury. Hv1 was exclusively expressed in microglia within the CNS, suggesting that microglia contribute to ROS production and proton extrusion during respiratory burst. Depletion of Hv1 significantly attenuated tissue acidosis, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression, and ROS production at 3 d post-injury. Nanostring analysis revealed decreased gene expression of neuroinflammatory and cytokine signaling markers in Hv1 knockout (KO) mice. Furthermore, Hv1 deficiency reduced microglia proliferation, leukocyte infiltration, and phagocytic oxidative burst detected by flow cytometry. Importantly, Hv1 KO mice exhibited significantly improved locomotor function and reduced histopathology. Overall, these data suggest an important role for Hv1 in regulating tissue acidosis, NOX2-mediated ROS production, and functional outcome following SCI. Thus, the Hv1 proton channel represents a potential target that may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Tuoxin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Boris Sabirzhanov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Simon Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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32
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Bell SM, Burgess T, Lee J, Blackburn DJ, Allen SP, Mortiboys H. Peripheral Glycolysis in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8924. [PMID: 33255513 PMCID: PMC7727792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of nervous system conditions characterised pathologically by the abnormal deposition of protein throughout the brain and spinal cord. One common pathophysiological change seen in all neurodegenerative disease is a change to the metabolic function of nervous system and peripheral cells. Glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to pyruvate or lactate which results in the generation of ATP and has been shown to be abnormal in peripheral cells in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Changes to the glycolytic pathway are seen early in neurodegenerative disease and highlight how in multiple neurodegenerative conditions pathology is not always confined to the nervous system. In this paper, we review the abnormalities described in glycolysis in the three most common neurodegenerative diseases. We show that in all three diseases glycolytic changes are seen in fibroblasts, and red blood cells, and that liver, kidney, muscle and white blood cells have abnormal glycolysis in certain diseases. We highlight there is potential for peripheral glycolysis to be developed into multiple types of disease biomarker, but large-scale bio sampling and deciphering how glycolysis is inherently altered in neurodegenerative disease in multiple patients' needs to be accomplished first to meet this aim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Bell
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (T.B.); (J.L.); (D.J.B.); (S.P.A.); (H.M.)
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33
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Davis DA, Cox PA, Banack SA, Lecusay PD, Garamszegi SP, Hagan MJ, Powell JT, Metcalf JS, Palmour RM, Beierschmitt A, Bradley WG, Mash DC. l-Serine Reduces Spinal Cord Pathology in a Vervet Model of Preclinical ALS/MND. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 79:393-406. [PMID: 32077471 PMCID: PMC7092359 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The early neuropathological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) are protein aggregates in motor neurons and microglial activation. Similar pathology characterizes Guamanian ALS/Parkinsonism dementia complex, which may be triggered by the cyanotoxin β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA). We report here the occurrence of ALS/MND-type pathological changes in vervets (Chlorocebus sabaeus; n = 8) fed oral doses of a dry powder of BMAA HCl salt (210 mg/kg/day) for 140 days. Spinal cords and brains from toxin-exposed vervets were compared to controls fed rice flour (210 mg/kg/day) and to vervets coadministered equal amounts of BMAA and l-serine (210 mg/kg/day). Immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis were used to examine markers of ALS/MND and glial activation. UHPLC-MS/MS was used to confirm BMAA exposures in dosed vervets. Motor neuron degeneration was demonstrated in BMAA-dosed vervets by TDP-43+ proteinopathy in anterior horn cells, by reactive astrogliosis, by activated microglia, and by damage to myelinated axons in the lateral corticospinal tracts. Vervets dosed with BMAA + l-serine displayed reduced neuropathological changes. This study demonstrates that chronic dietary exposure to BMAA causes ALS/MND-type pathological changes in the vervet and coadministration of l-serine reduces the amount of reactive gliosis and the number of protein inclusions in motor neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Davis
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Paul Alan Cox
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Brain Chemistry Labs, Jackson Hole, Wyoming
| | - Sandra Anne Banack
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Brain Chemistry Labs, Jackson Hole, Wyoming
| | | | | | - Matthew J Hagan
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | | | - Roberta M Palmour
- Behavioural Science Foundation, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amy Beierschmitt
- Behavioural Science Foundation, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Walter G Bradley
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida
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34
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Hor JH, Santosa MM, Lim VJW, Ho BX, Taylor A, Khong ZJ, Ravits J, Fan Y, Liou YC, Soh BS, Ng SY. ALS motor neurons exhibit hallmark metabolic defects that are rescued by SIRT3 activation. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1379-1397. [PMID: 33184465 PMCID: PMC8027637 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neurons (MNs) are highly energetic cells and recent studies suggest that altered energy metabolism precede MN loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an age-onset neurodegenerative disease. However, clear mechanistic insights linking altered metabolism and MN death are still missing. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cells from healthy controls, familial ALS, and sporadic ALS patients were differentiated toward spinal MNs, cortical neurons, and cardiomyocytes. Metabolic flux analyses reveal an MN-specific deficiency in mitochondrial respiration in ALS. Intriguingly, all forms of familial and sporadic ALS MNs tested in our study exhibited similar defective metabolic profiles, which were attributed to hyper-acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In the mitochondria, Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) functions as a mitochondrial deacetylase to maintain mitochondrial function and integrity. We found that activating SIRT3 using nicotinamide or a small molecule activator reversed the defective metabolic profiles in all our ALS MNs, as well as correct a constellation of ALS-associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Hor
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Munirah Mohamad Santosa
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
| | - Valerie Jing Wen Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Amy Taylor
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Zi Jian Khong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Shi-Yan Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (Physiology), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore. .,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China. .,National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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35
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Supasitthumrong T, Tunvirachaisakul C, Aniwattanapong D, Tangwongchai S, Chuchuen P, Tawankanjanachot I, Snabboon T, Hemrungrojn S, Carvalho AF, Maes M. Peripheral Blood Biomarkers Coupled with the Apolipoprotein E4 Genotype Are Strongly Associated with Semantic and Episodic Memory Impairments in Elderly Subjects with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 71:797-811. [PMID: 31424390 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) genotype is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the presence of the ApoE4 allele alone is not sufficient to explain AD. The pathophysiology of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine associations between peripheral blood biomarkers coupled with ApoE4 and episodic and semantic memory. METHODS The CERAD battery was completed and various biomarkers were assayed in 60 subjects with aMCI, 60 with AD, and 62 healthy controls. RESULTS Deficits in semantic and episodic memory were significantly predicted by anion gap and bicarbonate, albumin, and glucose coupled with ApoE4. Furthermore, these peripheral biomarkers interacted with ApoE to predict greater memory impairments. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral blood biomarkers may interact with pathways related to ApoE4 to predict greater semantic and episodic memory impairments, thus contributing to the pathophysiology of aMCI and AD. Our data suggest that the transition from aMCI to AD could at least in some cases be associated with significant interactions between ApoE4 and those peripheral blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daruj Aniwattanapong
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Phenphichcha Chuchuen
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Thiti Snabboon
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Solaphat Hemrungrojn
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.,IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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36
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Ritzel RM, He J, Li Y, Cao T, Khan N, Shim B, Sabirzhanov B, Aubrecht T, Stoica BA, Faden AI, Wu LJ, Wu J. Proton extrusion during oxidative burst in microglia exacerbates pathological acidosis following traumatic brain injury. Glia 2020; 69:746-764. [PMID: 33090575 PMCID: PMC7819364 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acidosis is among the least studied secondary injury mechanisms associated with neurotrauma. Acute decreases in brain pH correlate with poor long‐term outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, the temporal dynamics and underlying mechanisms are unclear. As key drivers of neuroinflammation, we hypothesized that microglia directly regulate acidosis after TBI, and thereby, worsen neurological outcomes. Using a controlled cortical impact model in adult male mice we demonstrate that intracellular pH in microglia and extracellular pH surrounding the lesion site are significantly reduced for weeks after injury. Microglia proliferation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also increased during the first week, mirroring the increase in extracellular ROS levels seen around the lesion site. Microglia depletion by a colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor, PLX5622, markedly decreased extracellular acidosis, ROS production, and inflammation in the brain after injury. Mechanistically, we identified that the voltage‐gated proton channel Hv1 promotes oxidative burst activity and acid extrusion in microglia. Compared to wildtype controls, microglia lacking Hv1 showed reduced ability to generate ROS and extrude protons. Importantly, Hv1‐deficient mice exhibited reduced pathological acidosis and inflammation after TBI, leading to long‐term neuroprotection and functional recovery. Our data therefore establish the microglial Hv1 proton channel as an important link that integrates inflammation and acidosis within the injury microenvironment during head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tuoxin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Niaz Khan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bosung Shim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Boris Sabirzhanov
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taryn Aubrecht
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bogdan A Stoica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan I Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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37
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Johnson A, Grove RA, Madhavan D, Boone CHT, Braga C, Kyllo H, Samson K, Simeone K, Simeone T, Helikar T, Hanson CK, Adamec J. Changes in lipid profiles of epileptic mouse model. Metabolomics 2020; 16:106. [PMID: 33021695 PMCID: PMC10614666 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 1% of the world's population is impacted by epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures. One-third of epileptic patients are resistant to AEDs, or have medically refractory epilepsy (MRE). One non-invasive treatment that exists for MRE includes the ketogenic diet, a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet. Despite the KD's success in seizure attenuation, it has a few risks and its mechanisms remain poorly understood. The KD has been shown to improve metabolism and mitochondrial function in epileptic phenotypes. Potassium channels have implications in epileptic conditions as they have dual roles as metabolic sensors and control neuronal excitation. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to explore changes in the lipidome in hippocampal and cortical tissue from Kv1.1-KO model of epilepsy. METHODS FT-ICR/MS analysis was utilized to examine nonpolar metabolome of cortical and hippocampal tissue isolated from a Kv1.1 channel knockout mouse model of epilepsy (n = 5) and wild-type mice (n = 5). RESULTS Distinct metabolic profiles were observed, significant (p < 0.05) features in hippocampus often being upregulated (FC ≥ 2) and the cortex being downregulated (FC ≤ 0.5). Pathway enrichment analysis shows lipid biosynthesis was affected. Partition ratio analysis revealed that the ratio of most metabolites tended to be increased in Kv1.1-/-. Metabolites in hippocampal tissue were commonly upregulated, suggesting seizure initiation in the hippocampus. Aberrant mitochondrial function is implicated by the upregulation of cardiolipin, a common component in the mitochondrial membrane. CONCLUSION Generally, our study finds that the lipidome is changed in the hippocampus and cortex in response to Kv1.1-KO indicating changes in membrane structural integrity and synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Ryan A Grove
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Deepak Madhavan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Cory H T Boone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Camila Braga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Hannah Kyllo
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kaeli Samson
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Kristina Simeone
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Timothy Simeone
- Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Tomas Helikar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Corrine K Hanson
- College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jiri Adamec
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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Dysregulation of metabolic pathways by carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 plays a key role in central nervous system disorders: experimental evidence based on animal models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15583. [PMID: 32973137 PMCID: PMC7519132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of CNS diseases including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remains elusive despite decades of research resulting in treatments with only symptomatic effects. In this study, we provide evidence that a metabolic shift from glucose to lipid is a key mechanism in neurodegeneration. We show that, by downregulating the metabolism of lipids through the key molecule carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1), it is possible to reverse or slowdown disease progression in experimental models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis-, SOD1G93A and rotenone models, mimicking these CNS diseases in humans. The effect was seen both when applying a CPT1 blocker or by using a Cpt1a P479L mutant mouse strain. Furthermore, we show that diet, epigenetics, and microbiota are key elements in this metabolic shift. Finally, we present a systemic model for understanding the complex etiology of neurodegeneration and how different regulatory systems are interconnected through a central metabolic pathway that becomes deregulated under specific conditions.
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39
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Tracey TJ, Kirk SE, Steyn FJ, Ngo ST. The role of lipids in the central nervous system and their pathological implications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:69-81. [PMID: 32962914 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS). They contribute to the structural integrity and physical characteristics of cell and organelle membranes, act as bioactive signalling molecules, and are utilised as fuel sources for mitochondrial metabolism. The intricate homeostatic mechanisms underpinning lipid handling and metabolism across two major CNS cell types; neurons and astrocytes, are integral for cellular health and maintenance. Here, we explore the various roles of lipids in these two cell types. Given that changes in lipid metabolism have been identified in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, we also discuss changes in lipid handling and utilisation in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in order to identify key cellular processes affected by the disease, and inform future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Tracey
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - S E Kirk
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - F J Steyn
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S T Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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40
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Wang L, Li C, Chen X, Li S, Shang H. Abnormal Serum Iron-Status Indicator Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2020; 11:380. [PMID: 32508736 PMCID: PMC7251146 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the role of iron metabolism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) attracts more and more attention, and some studies have focused on the link between abnormal serum iron indicators and ALS. However, there are still big conflicts and inconsistency among different studies. To study the possible relationship between ALS and disturbed iron metabolism, we conducted this meta-analysis to conclude characteristics of abnormal serum iron-status indicator changes in ALS patients. Methods: We searched and screened main databases, including the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to find studies related to the association between iron metabolism and ALS. The Revman 5.3 software was used to conduct meta-analysis. Results: Eleven studies were finally included in our analysis, composed of 1,599 ALS patients and 1,255 controls in total. The results showed that the ferritin level was much higher in ALS patients compared with controls (MD = 70.48, 95% CI [51.41, 89.55], p < 0.00001), and the transferrin level was decreased in ALS patients compared with controls (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI [−0.38, −0.18], p < 0.00001), while there was no statistical difference in iron levels (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [−0.07, 1.03], p = 0.09) between ALS patients and controls. Conclusions: Our research finds unusual changes in several indicators representing iron status, which suggest possible iron metabolism abnormalities in ALS patients. That may provide evidence for the link between iron metabolism and the pathogenesis of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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41
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Zhang L, Tang L, Huang T, Fan D. Life Course Adiposity and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:434-441. [PMID: 31916305 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies have indicated that life course adiposity is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, whether such an association reflects causality remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether life course adiposity such as birth weight (BW), childhood body mass index (BMI), adult BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have causal effects on ALS. METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with life course adiposity were used as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effects on ALS. We used summary-level data from a cohort of 20,806 cases and 59,804 controls in a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework. RESULTS Genetically predicted one standard deviation (1-SD) increase in BF% was associated with lower risk of ALS (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54-0.83, p = 3.25E-04) after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05/5). Genetically predicted 1-SD higher childhood BMI was suggestively associated with lower risk of ALS (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.78-0.99, p = 0.031). The weighted median method indicated a suggestive association between BMI and ALS (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.69-0.96, p = 0.016). Neither a genetically predicted 1-SD increase in BW (inverse variance weighted [IVW]: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.87-1.17, p = 0.939) nor WHR adjusted for BMI (IVW: OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.76-1.05, p = 0.178) was associated with ALS. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide novel evidence supporting a causal role of higher adiposity, taken as a whole, on lower risk of ALS. A deeper understanding of the energy metabolism of ALS is more likely to identify feasible nutritional interventions and even novel therapeutic targets that might improve the survival of ALS patients. Ann Neurol 2020;87:434-441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Allen SP, Hall B, Castelli LM, Francis L, Woof R, Siskos AP, Kouloura E, Gray E, Thompson AG, Talbot K, Higginbottom A, Myszczynska M, Allen CF, Stopford MJ, Hemingway J, Bauer CS, Webster CP, De Vos KJ, Turner MR, Keun HC, Hautbergue GM, Ferraiuolo L, Shaw PJ. Astrocyte adenosine deaminase loss increases motor neuron toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2020; 142:586-605. [PMID: 30698736 PMCID: PMC6391613 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As clinical evidence supports a negative impact of dysfunctional energy metabolism on the disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, it is vital to understand how the energy metabolic pathways are altered and whether they can be restored to slow disease progression. Possible approaches include increasing or rerouting catabolism of alternative fuel sources to supplement the glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways such as glycogen, ketone bodies and nucleosides. To analyse the basis of the catabolic defect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis we used a novel phenotypic metabolic array. We profiled fibroblasts and induced neuronal progenitor-derived human induced astrocytes from C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients compared to normal controls, measuring the rates of production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides from 91 potential energy substrates. This approach shows for the first time that C9orf72 human induced astrocytes and fibroblasts have an adenosine to inosine deamination defect caused by reduction of adenosine deaminase, which is also observed in induced astrocytes from sporadic patients. Patient-derived induced astrocyte lines were more susceptible to adenosine-induced toxicity, which could be mimicked by inhibiting adenosine deaminase in control lines. Furthermore, adenosine deaminase inhibition in control induced astrocytes led to increased motor neuron toxicity in co-cultures, similar to the levels observed with patient derived induced astrocytes. Bypassing metabolically the adenosine deaminase defect by inosine supplementation was beneficial bioenergetically in vitro, increasing glycolytic energy output and leading to an increase in motor neuron survival in co-cultures with induced astrocytes. Inosine supplementation, in combination with modulation of the level of adenosine deaminase may represent a beneficial therapeutic approach to evaluate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
- Correspondence to: Dr Scott Allen Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK E-mail:
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lydia M Castelli
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Francis
- The Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Eirini Kouloura
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Gray
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander G Thompson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Monika Myszczynska
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chloe F Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matthew J Stopford
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jordan Hemingway
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Claudia S Bauer
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christopher P Webster
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kurt J De Vos
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martin R Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, West Wing Level 6, Oxford, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Guillaume M Hautbergue
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK
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43
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Germeys C, Vandoorne T, Bercier V, Van Den Bosch L. Existing and Emerging Metabolomic Tools for ALS Research. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121011. [PMID: 31817338 PMCID: PMC6947647 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that aberrant energy metabolism could play an important role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Despite this, studies applying advanced technologies to investigate energy metabolism in ALS remain scarce. The rapidly growing field of metabolomics offers exciting new possibilities for ALS research. Here, we review existing and emerging metabolomic tools that could be used to further investigate the role of metabolism in ALS. A better understanding of the metabolic state of motor neurons and their surrounding cells could hopefully result in novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valérie Bercier
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.G.); (T.V.); (V.B.)
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-33-06-81
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44
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Allen SP, Hall B, Woof R, Francis L, Gatto N, Shaw AC, Myszczynska M, Hemingway J, Coldicott I, Willcock A, Job L, Hughes RM, Boschian C, Bayatti N, Heath PR, Bandmann O, Mortiboys H, Ferraiuolo L, Shaw PJ. C9orf72 expansion within astrocytes reduces metabolic flexibility in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2019; 142:3771-3790. [PMID: 31647549 PMCID: PMC6906594 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to understand how the disease process affects the metabolic pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and whether these pathways can be manipulated to ameliorate disease progression. To analyse the basis of the metabolic defect in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis we used a phenotypic metabolic profiling approach. Using fibroblasts and reprogrammed induced astrocytes from C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases we measured the production rate of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADH) from 91 potential energy substrates simultaneously. Our screening approach identified that C9orf72 and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis induced astrocytes have distinct metabolic profiles compared to controls and displayed a loss of metabolic flexibility that was not observed in fibroblast models. This loss of metabolic flexibility, involving defects in adenosine, fructose and glycogen metabolism, as well as disruptions in the membrane transport of mitochondrial specific energy substrates, contributed to increased starvation induced toxicity in C9orf72 induced astrocytes. A reduction in glycogen metabolism was attributed to loss of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphoglucomutase at the protein level in both C9orf72 induced astrocytes and induced neurons. In addition, we found alterations in the levels of fructose metabolism enzymes and a reduction in the methylglyoxal removal enzyme GLO1 in both C9orf72 and sporadic models of disease. Our data show that metabolic flexibility is important in the CNS in times of bioenergetic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ryan Woof
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Francis
- The Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Noemi Gatto
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Allan C Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Monika Myszczynska
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jordan Hemingway
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Ian Coldicott
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Amelia Willcock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Lucy Job
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Rachel M Hughes
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Camilla Boschian
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Nadhim Bayatti
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Oliver Bandmann
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
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45
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Vandoorne T, Veys K, Guo W, Sicart A, Vints K, Swijsen A, Moisse M, Eelen G, Gounko NV, Fumagalli L, Fazal R, Germeys C, Quaegebeur A, Fendt SM, Carmeliet P, Verfaillie C, Van Damme P, Ghesquière B, De Bock K, Van Den Bosch L. Differentiation but not ALS mutations in FUS rewires motor neuron metabolism. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4147. [PMID: 31515480 PMCID: PMC6742665 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12099-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism has been repeatedly linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Yet, motor neuron (MN) metabolism remains poorly studied and it is unknown if ALS MNs differ metabolically from healthy MNs. To address this question, we first performed a metabolic characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) versus iPSC-derived MNs and subsequently compared MNs from ALS patients carrying FUS mutations to their CRISPR/Cas9-corrected counterparts. We discovered that human iPSCs undergo a lactate oxidation-fuelled prooxidative metabolic switch when they differentiate into functional MNs. Simultaneously, they rewire metabolic routes to import pyruvate into the TCA cycle in an energy substrate specific way. By comparing patient-derived MNs and their isogenic controls, we show that ALS-causing mutations in FUS did not affect glycolytic or mitochondrial energy metabolism of human MNs in vitro. These data show that metabolic dysfunction is not the underlying cause of the ALS-related phenotypes previously observed in these MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijs Vandoorne
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Veys
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adria Sicart
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katlijn Vints
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform and VIB Bioimaging core facility, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Swijsen
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalia V Gounko
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform and VIB Bioimaging core facility, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raheem Fazal
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Quaegebeur
- Division of Neuropathology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- VIB, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Core Facility, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Department of Oncology, Metabolomics Core Facility, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien De Bock
- ETH Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium.
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46
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Tefera TW, Borges K. Neuronal glucose metabolism is impaired while astrocytic TCA cycling is unaffected at symptomatic stages in the hSOD1 G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1710-1724. [PMID: 29553298 PMCID: PMC6727138 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18764775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although alterations in energy metabolism are known in ALS, the specific mechanisms leading to energy deficit are not understood. We measured metabolite levels derived from injected [1-13C]glucose and [1,2-13C]acetate (i.p.) in cerebral cortex and spinal cord extracts of wild type and hSOD1G93A mice at onset and mid disease stages using high-pressure liquid chromatography, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Levels of spinal and cortical CNS total lactate, [3-13C]lactate, total alanine and [3-13C]alanine, but not cortical glucose and [1-13C]glucose, were reduced mostly at mid stage indicating impaired glycolysis. The [1-13C]glucose-derived [4-13C]glutamate, [4-13C]glutamine and [2-13C]GABA amounts were diminished at mid stage in cortex and both time points in spinal cord, suggesting decreased [3-13C]pyruvate entry into the TCA cycle. Lack of changes in [1,2-13C]acetate-derived [4,5-13C]glutamate, [4,5-13C]glutamine and [1,2-13C]GABA levels indicate unchanged astrocytic 13C-acetate metabolism. Reduced levels of leucine, isoleucine and valine in CNS suggest compensatory breakdown to refill TCA cycle intermediate levels. Unlabelled, [2-13C] and [4-13C]GABA concentrations were decreased in spinal cord indicating that impaired glucose metabolism contributes to hyperexcitability and supporting the use of treatments which increase GABA amounts. In conclusion, CNS glucose metabolism is compromised, while astrocytic TCA cycling appears to be normal in the hSOD1G93A mouse model at symptomatic disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye W Tefera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karin Borges
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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47
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Brcic J, Plavec J. NMR structure of a G-quadruplex formed by four d(G4C2) repeats: insights into structural polymorphism. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:11605-11617. [PMID: 30277522 PMCID: PMC6265483 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most frequent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), is a largely increased number of d(G4C2)n•(G2C4)n repeats located in the non-coding region of C9orf72 gene. Non-canonical structures, including G-quadruplexes, formed within expanded repeats have been proposed to drive repeat expansion and pathogenesis of ALS and FTD. Oligonucleotide d[(G4C2)3G4], which represents the shortest oligonucleotide model of d(G4C2) repeats with the ability to form a unimolecular G-quadruplex, forms two major G-quadruplex structures in addition to several minor species which coexist in solution with K+ ions. Herein, we used solution-state NMR to determine the high-resolution structure of one of the major G-quadruplex species adopted by d[(G4C2)3G4]. Structural characterization of the G-quadruplex named AQU was facilitated by a single substitution of dG with 8Br-dG at position 21 and revealed an antiparallel fold composed of four G-quartets and three lateral C-C loops. The G-quadruplex exhibits high thermal stability and is favored kinetically and under slightly acidic conditions. An unusual structural element distinct from a C-quartet is observed in the structure. Two C•C base pairs are stacked on the nearby G-quartet and are involved in a dynamic equilibrium between symmetric N3-amino and carbonyl-amino geometries and protonated C+•C state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Brcic
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia.,EN-FIST Center of Excellence, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
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48
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Swindell WR, Kruse CPS, List EO, Berryman DE, Kopchick JJ. ALS blood expression profiling identifies new biomarkers, patient subgroups, and evidence for neutrophilia and hypoxia. J Transl Med 2019; 17:170. [PMID: 31118040 PMCID: PMC6530130 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1909-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating disease with few treatment options. Progress towards new therapies requires validated disease biomarkers, but there is no consensus on which fluid-based measures are most informative. METHODS This study analyzed microarray data derived from blood samples of patients with ALS (n = 396), ALS mimic diseases (n = 75), and healthy controls (n = 645). Goals were to provide in-depth analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), characterize patient-to-patient heterogeneity, and identify candidate biomarkers. RESULTS We identified 752 ALS-increased and 764 ALS-decreased DEGs (FDR < 0.10 with > 10% expression change). Gene expression shifts in ALS blood broadly resembled acute high altitude stress responses. ALS-increased DEGs had high exosome expression, were neutrophil-specific, associated with translation, and overlapped significantly with genes near ALS susceptibility loci (e.g., IFRD1, TBK1, CREB5). ALS-decreased DEGs, in contrast, had low exosome expression, were erythroid lineage-specific, and associated with anemia and blood disorders. Genes encoding neurofilament proteins (NEFH, NEFL) had poor diagnostic accuracy (50-53%). However, support vector machines distinguished ALS patients from ALS mimics and controls with 87% accuracy (sensitivity: 86%, specificity: 87%). Expression profiles were heterogeneous among patients and we identified two subgroups: (i) patients with higher expression of IL6R and myeloid lineage-specific genes and (ii) patients with higher expression of IL23A and lymphoid-specific genes. The gene encoding copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) was most strongly associated with survival (HR = 0.77; P = 1.84e-05) and other survival-associated genes were linked to mitochondrial respiration. We identify a 61 gene signature that significantly improves survival prediction when added to Cox proportional hazard models with baseline clinical data (i.e., age at onset, site of onset and sex). Predicted median survival differed 2-fold between patients with favorable and risk-associated gene expression signatures. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral blood analysis informs our understanding of ALS disease mechanisms and genetic association signals. Our findings are consistent with low-grade neutrophilia and hypoxia as ALS phenotypes, with heterogeneity among patients partly driven by differences in myeloid and lymphoid cell abundance. Biomarkers identified in this study require further validation but may provide new tools for research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Jewish Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, 45236, USA.
| | - Colin P S Kruse
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Edward O List
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Darlene E Berryman
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - John J Kopchick
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.,The Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
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49
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Li C, Wei Q, Gu X, Chen Y, Chen X, Cao B, Ou R, Shang H. Decreased Glycogenolysis by miR-338-3p Promotes Regional Glycogen Accumulation Within the Spinal Cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:114. [PMID: 31133799 PMCID: PMC6514045 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a hallmark of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). But the crosstalk between metabolic alteration and disease progression in ALS is still largely unknown. Glycogen, a branched polymer of glucose residues, is universally recognized as the energy reserve of the central nervous system (CNS), where its aberrant accumulation instigates neurodegeneration. Glycogen was reported to be accumulated in both CNS and visceral organs of SOD1G93A mice, a well-known ALS model, and contributes to the pathological process of ALS. However, the accumulative patterns and mechanisms are not well elucidated. Here, we provide extensive evidence to demonstrate that glycogen accumulated in the lumbar spinal cord of ALS mice along with the disease progression, but not in the motor cortex. This regional accumulation of glycogen was caused by deteriorated glycogenolysis, which was triggered by decreased glycogen phosphorylase, brain form (PYGB). Moreover, miR-338-3p, an elevated miRNA in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A mice, directly targeted PYGB and was responsible for the decreased glycogenolysis and subsequent glycogen accumulation. Our work is helpful for better understanding of of of metabolic dysfunctions in ALS and provides novel targets for the therapeutic intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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苏 丹, 张 勇, 毕 方, 肖 波. [Proteomic analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis based on tandem mass spectrometry technique]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:428-436. [PMID: 31068286 PMCID: PMC6743996 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the differentially expressed proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at the proteomics level using tandem mass spectrometry label (TMT) technique and explore the pathogenic mechanism and related pathways of ALS. METHODS Between November, 2017 and April, 2018, 5 patients with medulla oblongata onset ALS and 5 patients with limb onset ALS were selected from the Departments of Neurology of 928 Hospital of Army Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, with 5 patients with migraine and low intracranial pressure headache serving as the healthy controls.CSF samples were obtained from all the participants, and the differentially expressed proteins in the CSF were identified using tandem mass spectrometry (TMT) technique with bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS A total of 1530 proteins were identified and quantified in the CSF samples.The expression of 48 proteins was up-regulated and 6 proteins were down-regulated in medulla oblongata onset ALS patients; 16 proteins were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated in limb onset ALS patients.GO analysis showed that these proteins, which were distributed both within and outside the cells, were involved in cell physiological process, single organ process and biological regulation and had binding function, catalytic activity, and receptor activity.KEGG pathway analysis showed that the up-regulated proteins in the CSF from patients with medulla oblongata onset ALS participated in 3 pathways involving the lysosomes, metabolism, and measles.The down-regulated proteins in the CSF from patients with limb onset ALS participated in 7 pathways involving the complement and coagulation cascade, Staphylococcus aureus infection and herpes simplex infection, and all the pathways contained complement components. CONCLUSIONS The CSF samples of ALS patients with medullary onset and limb onset have differentially expressed proteins.The lysosomal pathway is involved in the occurrence and progression of ALS with medullary onset, and the immune responses are involved in the occurrence and progression of ALS with limb onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- 丹丹 苏
- 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第 928医院神经内科,海南 海口 571100Department of Neurology, 928 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Haikou 571100, China
| | - 勇 张
- 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第 928医院神经内科,海南 海口 571100Department of Neurology, 928 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Haikou 571100, China
| | - 方方 毕
- 中南大学湘雅医院神经内科,湖南 长沙 410008Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - 波 肖
- 中南大学湘雅医院神经内科,湖南 长沙 410008Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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