1
|
Ritchie JL, Qi S, Soto DA, Swatzell SE, Grenz HI, Pruitt AY, Artimenia LM, Cooke SK, Berridge CW, Fuchs RA. Dorsal raphe to basolateral amygdala corticotropin-releasing factor circuit regulates cocaine-memory reconsolidation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:2077-2086. [PMID: 38802479 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli elicit drug craving and relapse in cocaine users by triggering the retrieval of strong cocaine-related contextual memories. Retrieval can also destabilize drug memories, requiring reconsolidation, a protein synthesis-dependent storage process, to maintain memory strength. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is necessary for cocaine-memory reconsolidation. We have hypothesized that a critical source of CRF in the BLA is the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) based on its neurochemistry, anatomical connectivity, and requisite involvement in cocaine-memory reconsolidation. To test this hypothesis, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received adeno-associated viruses to express Gi-coupled designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) selectively in CRF neurons of the DR and injection cannulae directed at the BLA. The rats were trained to self-administer cocaine in a distinct environmental context then received extinction training in a different context. Next, they were briefly re-exposed to the cocaine-predictive context to destabilize (reactivate) cocaine memories. Intra-BLA infusions of the DREADD agonist deschloroclozapine (DCZ; 0.1 mM, 0.5 µL/hemisphere) immediately after memory reactivation attenuated cocaine-memory strength, relative to vehicle infusion. This was indicated by a selective, DCZ-induced and memory reactivation-dependent decrease in drug-seeking behavior in the cocaine-predictive context in DREADD-expressing males and females at test compared to respective controls. Notably, BLA-projecting DR CRF neurons that exhibited increased c-Fos expression during memory reconsolidation co-expressed the glutamatergic neuronal marker, vesicular glutamate transporter 3. Together, these findings suggest that the DRCRF → BLA circuit is engaged to maintain cocaine-memory strength after memory destabilization, and this phenomenon may be mediated by DR CRF and/or glutamate release in the BLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jobe L Ritchie
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shuyi Qi
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - David A Soto
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sydney E Swatzell
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Hope I Grenz
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Avery Y Pruitt
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Lilia M Artimenia
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Spencer K Cooke
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Craig W Berridge
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rita A Fuchs
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA.
- Washington State University Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Program, Pullman, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silva RH, Pedro LC, Manosso LM, Gonçalves CL, Réus GZ. Pre- and Post-Synaptic protein in the major depressive Disorder: From neurobiology to therapeutic targets. Neuroscience 2024; 556:14-24. [PMID: 39103041 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has demonstrated its negative impact on various aspects of the lives of those affected. Although several therapies have been developed over the years, it remains a challenge for mental health professionals. Thus, understanding the pathophysiology of MDD is necessary to improve existing treatment options or seek new therapeutic alternatives. Clinical and preclinical studies in animal models of depression have shown the involvement of synaptic plasticity in both the development of MDD and the response to available drugs. However, synaptic plasticity involves a cascade of events, including the action of presynaptic proteins such as synaptophysin and synapsins and postsynaptic proteins such as postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95). Additionally, several factors can negatively impact the process of spinogenesis/neurogenesis, which are related to many outcomes, including MDD. Thus, this narrative review aims to deepen the understanding of the involvement of synaptic formations and their components in the pathophysiology and treatment of MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritele H Silva
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Department of Health Sciences, Campus Araranguá, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88906-072 Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas C Pedro
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Luana M Manosso
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Cinara L Gonçalves
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu Q, Song Y, Ling Z, Liu J, Kong Q, Hao X, Xu T, Zhang Q, Liu Y. Regulatory Role of NF-κB on HDAC2 and Tau Hyperphosphorylation in Diabetic Encephalopathy and the Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin. Diabetes 2024; 73:1513-1526. [PMID: 38869375 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a severe complication of the central nervous system associated with diabetes. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in mice with DE, and the neuroprotective effect and therapeutic mechanisms of luteolin, a natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. The results indicated that treatment with luteolin improved the degree of cognitive impairment in mice with DE. It also decreased the levels of phosphorylated mTOR, phosphorylated NF-κB, and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and synaptic-related proteins. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction and the Gene Ontology analysis revealed that luteolin was involved in the regulatory network of HDAC2 expression through the mTOR/NF-κB signaling cascade. Our bioinformatics and molecular docking results indicated that luteolin may also directly target HDAC2, as an HDAC2 inhibitor, to alleviate DE, complementing mTOR/NF-κB signaling inhibition. Analysis of luteolin's target proteins and their interactions suggest an effect on HDAC2 and cognition. In conclusion, HDAC2 and tau hyperphosphorylation are regulated by the mTOR/NF-κB signaling cascade in DE, and luteolin is found to reverse these effects, demonstrating its protective role in DE. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoke Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingqing Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Martínez-Pacheco H, Zepeda RC, Picazo O, Quirarte GL, Roldán-Roldán G. Class I histone deacetylases inhibition reverses memory impairment induced by acute stress in mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302374. [PMID: 38635564 PMCID: PMC11025869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While chronic stress induces learning and memory impairments, acute stress may facilitate or prevent memory consolidation depending on whether it occurs during the learning event or before it, respectively. On the other hand, it has been shown that histone acetylation regulates long-term memory formation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two inhibitors of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs), 4-phenylbutyrate (PB) and IN14 (100 mg/kg/day, ip for 2 days), on memory performance in mice exposed to a single 15-min forced swimming stress session. Plasma corticosterone levels were determined 30 minutes after acute swim stress in one group of mice. In another experimental series, independent groups of mice were trained in one of three different memory tasks: Object recognition test, Elevated T maze, and Buried food location test. Subsequently, the hippocampi were removed to perform ELISA assays for histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression. Acute stress induced an increase in plasma corticosterone levels, as well as hippocampal HDAC2 content, along with an impaired performance in memory tests. Moreover, PB and IN14 treatment prevented memory loss in stressed mice. These findings suggest that HDAC2 is involved in acute stress-induced cognitive impairment. None of the drugs improved memory in non-stressed animals, indicating that HDACs inhibitors are not cognitive boosters, but rather potentially useful drugs for mitigating memory deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Martínez-Pacheco
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | | | - Ofir Picazo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gina L. Quirarte
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Gabriel Roldán-Roldán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McCallum RT, Thériault RK, Manduca JD, Russell ISB, Culmer AM, Doost JS, Martino TA, Perreault ML. Nrf2 activation rescues stress-induced depression-like behaviour and inflammatory responses in male but not female rats. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:16. [PMID: 38350966 PMCID: PMC10863247 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurring affective disorder that is two times more prevalent in females than males. Evidence supports immune system dysfunction as a major contributing factor to MDD, notably in a sexually dimorphic manner. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a regulator of antioxidant signalling during inflammation, is dysregulated in many chronic inflammatory disorders; however, its role in depression and the associated sex differences have yet to be explored. Here, we investigated the sex-specific antidepressant and immunomodulatory effects of the potent Nrf2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF), as well as the associated gene expression profiles. METHODS Male and female rats were treated with vehicle or DMF (25 mg/kg) whilst subjected to 8 weeks of chronic unpredictable stress. The effect of DMF treatment on stress-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviours, as well as deficits in recognition and spatial learning and memory were then assessed. Sex differences in hippocampal (HIP) microglial activation and gene expression response were also evaluated. RESULTS DMF treatment during stress exposure had antidepressant effects in male but not female rats, with no anxiolytic effects in either sex. Recognition learning and memory and spatial learning and memory were impaired in chronically stressed males and females, respectively, and DMF treatment rescued these deficits. DMF treatment also prevented stress-induced HIP microglial activation in males. Conversely, females displayed no HIP microglial activation associated with stress exposure. Last, chronic stress elicited sex-specific alterations in HIP gene expression, many of which were normalized in animals treated with DMF. Of note, most of the differentially expressed genes in males normalized by DMF were related to antioxidant, inflammatory or immune responses. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings support a greater role of immune processes in males than females in a rodent model of depression. This suggests that pharmacotherapies that target Nrf2 have the potential to be an effective sex-specific treatment for depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T McCallum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rachel-Karson Thériault
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Joshua D Manduca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Isaac S B Russell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Angel M Culmer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Janan Shoja Doost
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Tami A Martino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Melissa L Perreault
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ritchie JL, Qi S, Soto DA, Swatzell SE, Grenz HI, Pruitt AY, Artimenia LM, Cooke SK, Berridge CW, Fuchs RA. Dorsal Raphe to Basolateral Amygdala Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Circuit Regulates Cocaine-Memory Reconsolidation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.10.579725. [PMID: 38405858 PMCID: PMC10888894 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.10.579725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli elicit drug craving and relapse in cocaine users by triggering the retrieval of strong cocainerelated contextual memories. Retrieval can also destabilize drug memories, requiring reconsolidation, a protein synthesis-dependent storage process, to maintain memory strength. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is necessary for cocainememory reconsolidation. We have hypothesized that a critical source of CRF in the BLA is the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) based on its neurochemistry, anatomical connectivity, and requisite involvement in cocaine-memory reconsolidation. To test this hypothesis, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received adeno-associated viruses to express Gi-coupled designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) selectively in CRF neurons of the DR and injection cannulae directed at the BLA. The rats were trained to self-administer cocaine in a distinct environmental context then received extinction training in a different context. They were then briefly reexposed to the cocaine-predictive context to destabilize (reactivate) cocaine memories. Intra-BLA infusions of the DREADD agonist deschloroclozapine (DCZ; 0.1 mM, 0.5 μL/hemisphere) after memory reactivation attenuated cocaine-memory strength, relative to vehicle infusion. This was indicated by a selective, DCZ-induced and memory reactivation-dependent decrease in drug-seeking behavior in the cocaine-predictive context in DREADD-expressing males and females at test compared to respective controls. Notably, BLA-projecting DR CRF neurons that exhibited increased c-Fos expression during memory reconsolidation co-expressed glutamatergic and serotonergic neuronal markers. Together, these findings suggest that the DRCRF → BLA circuit is engaged to maintain cocaine-memory strength after memory destabilization, and this phenomenon may be mediated by DR CRF, glutamate, and/or serotonin release in the BLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jobe L. Ritchie
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shuyi Qi
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - David A. Soto
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sydney E. Swatzell
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Hope I. Grenz
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Avery Y. Pruitt
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Lilia M. Artimenia
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Spencer K. Cooke
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Craig W. Berridge
- Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rita A. Fuchs
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA, USA
- Washington State University Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Program, Pullman, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fronza MG, Ferreira BF, Pavan-Silva I, Guimarães FS, Lisboa SF. "NO" Time in Fear Response: Possible Implication of Nitric-Oxide-Related Mechanisms in PTSD. Molecules 2023; 29:89. [PMID: 38202672 PMCID: PMC10779493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by persistent fear responses and altered neurotransmitter functioning due to traumatic experiences. Stress predominantly affects glutamate, a neurotransmitter crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Activation of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDAR) can trigger the formation of a complex comprising postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95), the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and its adaptor protein (NOS1AP). This complex is pivotal in activating nNOS and nitric oxide (NO) production, which, in turn, activates downstream pathways that modulate neuronal signaling, including synaptic plasticity/transmission, inflammation, and cell death. The involvement of nNOS and NOS1AP in the susceptibility of PTSD and its comorbidities has been widely shown. Therefore, understanding the interplay between stress, fear, and NO is essential for comprehending the maintenance and progression of PTSD, since NO is involved in fear acquisition and extinction processes. Moreover, NO induces post-translational modifications (PTMs), including S-nitrosylation and nitration, which alter protein function and structure for intracellular signaling. Although evidence suggests that NO influences synaptic plasticity and memory processing, the specific role of PTMs in the pathophysiology of PTSD remains unclear. This review highlights pathways modulated by NO that could be relevant to stress and PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G. Fronza
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Bruna F. Ferreira
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Isabela Pavan-Silva
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Francisco S. Guimarães
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Sabrina F. Lisboa
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim EJ, Kim JJ. Neurocognitive effects of stress: a metaparadigm perspective. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2750-2763. [PMID: 36759545 PMCID: PMC9909677 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Stressful experiences, both physical and psychological, that are overwhelming (i.e., inescapable and unpredictable), can measurably affect subsequent neuronal properties and cognitive functioning of the hippocampus. At the cellular level, stress has been shown to alter hippocampal synaptic plasticity, spike and local field potential activity, dendritic morphology, neurogenesis, and neurodegeneration. At the behavioral level, stress has been found to impair learning and memory for declarative (or explicit) tasks that are based on cognition, such as verbal recall memory in humans and spatial memory in rodents, while facilitating those that are based on emotion, such as differential fear conditioning in humans and contextual fear conditioning in rodents. These vertically related alterations in the hippocampus, procedurally observed after subjects have undergone stress, are generally believed to be mediated by recurrently elevated circulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis effector hormones, glucocorticoids, directly acting on hippocampal neurons densely populated with corticosteroid receptors. The main purposes of this review are to (i) provide a synopsis of the neurocognitive effects of stress in a historical context that led to the contemporary HPA axis dogma of basic and translational stress research, (ii) critically reappraise the necessity and sufficiency of the glucocorticoid hypothesis of stress, and (iii) suggest an alternative metaparadigm approach to monitor and manipulate the progression of stress effects at the neural coding level. Real-time analyses can reveal neural activity markers of stress in the hippocampus that can be used to extrapolate neurocognitive effects across a range of stress paradigms (i.e., resolve scaling and dichotomous memory effects issues) and understand individual differences, thereby providing a novel neurophysiological scaffold for advancing future stress research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeansok J Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumari S, Dhiman P, Kumar R, Rahmatkar SN, Singh D. Chemo-kindling in adult zebrafish alters spatial cognition but not social novelty recognition. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114158. [PMID: 36243243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, zebrafish have gathered immense attention and importance in the field of neurological sciences. In the case of epilepsy, zebrafish have appeared as a promising acute animal model for the screening and identification of potential antiepileptic molecules. However, the necessity for establishing competent chronic models of epilepsy in zebrafish is apparent. In this regard, recently we developed a chemo-kindling zebrafish model with a better clinical resemblance. In the present study, an attempt to examine the effect of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling on the cognitive functions of zebrafish was made. In brief, adult zebrafish were repetitively given a sub-effective concentration of PTZ, till the onset of clonic-tonic seizures, entitled as kindled. Thereafter, T-maze test and social recognition memory test were conducted to evaluate spatial memory and social novelty recognition memory of the fish. At the end, both the groups were sacrificed and the brains were isolated to estimate neurotransmitter and gene expression levels. It was observed that PTZ kindling induced spatial cognition deficits and lower social exploration in zebrafish. However, it didn't change the novelty recognition memory of kindled zebrafish. The results of genes and neurotransmitters estimations in the brain also supported the behavioural findings. The results concluded that PTZ kindling alters spatial cognitive functions in adult zebrafish without affecting the social novelty recognition memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savita Kumari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Poonam Dhiman
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rajneesh Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shubham Nilkanth Rahmatkar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chong YS, Wong LW, Gaunt J, Lee YJ, Goh CS, Morris RGM, Ch'ng TH, Sajikumar S. Distinct contributions of ventral CA1/amygdala co-activation to the induction and maintenance of synaptic plasticity. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:676-690. [PMID: 35253866 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is known to modulate hippocampal synaptic plasticity. One role could be an immediate effect of basolateral amygdala (BLA) in priming synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Another role could be through associative synaptic co-operation and competition that triggers events involved in the maintenance of synaptic potentiation. We present evidence that the timing and activity level of BLA stimulation are important factors for the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) in ventral hippocampal area CA1. A 100 Hz BLA co-stimulation facilitated the induction of LTP, whereas 200 Hz co-stimulation attenuated induction. A 100 Hz BLA co-stimulation also caused enhanced persistence, sufficient to prevent synaptic competition. This maintenance effect is likely through translational mechanisms, as mRNA expression of primary response genes was unaffected, whereas protein level of plasticity-related products was increased. Further understanding of the neural mechanisms of amygdala modulation on hippocampus could provide insights into the mechanisms of emotional disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Song Chong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, SIngapore 117597, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Lik-Wei Wong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, SIngapore 117597, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Jessica Gaunt
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Yan Jun Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore.,Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637335, Singapore
| | - Cai Shan Goh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, SIngapore 117597, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Richard G M Morris
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Scotland
| | - Toh Hean Ch'ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, SIngapore 117597, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khamphukdee C, Turkmani I, Chotritthirong Y, Chulikhit Y, Boonyarat C, Sekeroglu N, Silva AMS, Monthakantirat O, Kijjoa A. Effects of the Bark Resin Extract of Garcinia nigrolineata on Chronic Stress-Induced Memory Deficit in Mice Model and the In Vitro Monoamine Oxidases and β-Amyloid Aggregation Inhibitory Activities of Its Prenylated Xanthone Constituents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093014. [PMID: 35566362 PMCID: PMC9103351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes investigation of the effects of the bark resin extract of Garcinia nigrolineata (Clusiaceae) on the cognitive function and the induction of oxidative stress in both frontal cortex and hippocampus by unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). By using behavioral mouse models, i.e., the Y-maze test, the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), and the Morris Water Maze Test (MWMT), it was found that the negative impact of repeated mild stress-induced learning and memory deficit through brain oxidative stress in the UCMS mice was reversed by treatment with the bark resin extract G. nigrolineata. Moreover, the prenylated xanthones viz. cowagarcinone C, cowaxanthone, α-mangostin, cowaxanthone B, cowanin, fuscaxanthone A, fuscaxanthone B, xanthochymusxanthones A, 7-O-methylgarcinone E, and cowagarcinone A, isolated from the bark resin of G. nigrolineata, were assayed for their inhibitory activities against β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and monoamine oxidase enzymes (MAOs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ibrahim Turkmani
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Yutthana Chotritthirong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Phytotherapy, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Application & Research Center and Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituo de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (O.M.); (A.K.); Tel.: +66-81-3404677 (O.M.); +351-220428331 (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been implicated in learning and memory, and their dysregulation has been linked to cognitive impairment in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on HDAC1 and HDAC2, highlighting recent progress on their roles in regulating brain function through distinct mechanisms, including gene repression and DNA repair pathways. Moreover, we discuss evidence demonstrating how HDAC1 and HDAC2 could be modulated and their potential as targets to combat memory deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chieh Pao
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Krenz V, Sommer T, Alink A, Roozendaal B, Schwabe L. Noradrenergic arousal after encoding reverses the course of systems consolidation in humans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6054. [PMID: 34663784 PMCID: PMC8523710 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that episodic memories undergo a time-dependent systems consolidation process, during which hippocampus-dependent memories eventually become reliant on neocortical areas. Here we show that systems consolidation dynamics can be experimentally manipulated and even reversed. We combined a single pharmacological elevation of post-encoding noradrenergic activity through the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine with fMRI scanning both during encoding and recognition testing either 1 or 28 days later. We show that yohimbine administration, in contrast to placebo, leads to a time-dependent increase in hippocampal activity and multivariate encoding-retrieval pattern similarity, an indicator of episodic reinstatement, between 1 and 28 days. This is accompanied by a time-dependent decrease in neocortical activity. Behaviorally, these neural changes are linked to a reduced memory decline over time after yohimbine intake. These findings indicate that noradrenergic activity shortly after encoding may alter and even reverse systems consolidation in humans, thus maintaining vividness of memories over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Krenz
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sommer
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Systems Neuroscience, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arjen Alink
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Systems Neuroscience, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Schwabe
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fernández G, Krapacher F, Ferreras S, Quassollo G, Mari MM, Pisano MV, Montemerlo A, Rubianes MD, Bregonzio C, Arias C, Paglini MG. Lack of Cdk5 activity is involved on Dopamine Transporter expression and function: Evidences from an animal model of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Exp Neurol 2021; 346:113866. [PMID: 34537209 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most diagnosed psychiatric disorders nowadays. The core symptoms of the condition include hyperactivity, impulsiveness and inattention. The main pharmacological treatment consists of psychostimulant drugs affecting Dopamine Transporter (DAT) function. We have previously shown that genetically modified mice lacking p35 protein (p35KO), which have reduced Cdk5 activity, present key hallmarks resembling those described in animal models useful for studying ADHD. The p35KO mouse displays spontaneous hyperactivity and shows a calming effect of methylphenidate or amphetamine treatment. Interestingly, dopaminergic neurotransmission is altered in these mice as they have an increased Dopamine (DA) content together with a low DA turnover. This led us to hypothesize that the lack of Cdk5 activity affects DAT expression and/or function in this animal model. In this study, we performed biochemical assays, cell-based approaches, quantitative fluorescence analysis and functional studies that allowed us to demonstrate that p35KO mice exhibit decreased DA uptake and reduced cell surface DAT expression levels in the striatum (STR). These findings are supported by in vitro observations in which the inhibition of Cdk5 activity in N2a cells induced a significant increase in constitutive DAT endocytosis with a concomitant increase in DAT localization to recycling endosomes. Taken together, these data provide evidences regarding the role of Cdk5/p35 in DAT expression and function, thus contributing to the knowledge of DA neurotransmission physiology and also providing therapeutic options for the treatment of DA pathologies such as ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Fernández
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Favio Krapacher
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Soledad Ferreras
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Quassollo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Macarena Mariel Mari
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Pisano
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Antonella Montemerlo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Dolores Rubianes
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba, INFIQC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia Bregonzio
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental Córdoba, IFEC-CONICET, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos Arias
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas, IIPSI-CONICET, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Paglini
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kong MS, Kim EJ, Park S, Zweifel LS, Huh Y, Cho J, Kim JJ. 'Fearful-place' coding in the amygdala-hippocampal network. eLife 2021; 10:e72040. [PMID: 34533133 PMCID: PMC8500711 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals seeking survival needs must be able to assess different locations of threats in their habitat. However, the neural integration of spatial and risk information essential for guiding goal-directed behavior remains poorly understood. Thus, we investigated simultaneous activities of fear-responsive basal amygdala (BA) and place-responsive dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) neurons as rats left the safe nest to search for food in an exposed space and encountered a simulated 'predator.' In this realistic situation, BA cells increased their firing rates and dHPC place cells decreased their spatial stability near the threat. Importantly, only those dHPC cells synchronized with the predator-responsive BA cells remapped significantly as a function of escalating risk location. Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of BA neurons was sufficient to cause spatial avoidance behavior and disrupt place fields. These results suggest a dynamic interaction of BA's fear signalling cells and dHPC's spatial coding cells as animals traverse safe-danger areas of their environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Seon Kong
- Department of Psychology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Eun Joo Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Sanggeon Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Larry S Zweifel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Yeowool Huh
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic Kwandong UniversityIncheonRepublic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong UniversityGangneungRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeiwon Cho
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeansok J Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meftahi GH, Jangravi Z, Taghdir M, Sepandi M, Bahari Z. Micro-injection of propranolol within basolateral amygdala impaired fear and spatial memory and dysregulated evoked responses of CA1 neurons following foot shock stress in rats. Brain Res Bull 2021; 177:12-21. [PMID: 34534638 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) is responsible for memory retrieval after stress. It regulates hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) during stress. Although β-adrenoceptors of the BLA have a critical role in memory, few studies have addressed this question in the BLA, and the results still have been contradictory. The present study was designed to investigate the involvement of β-adrenoceptors of the BLA on hippocampus memory, anxiety, and plasticity in intact and stressed rats. Male Wistar rats were submitted to the electrical foot-shock stress for four consecutive days. Over four consecutive days, animals received bilateral micro-injections of either vehicle or propranolol (4 µg in 1 µl/side) into the BLA (5 min before foot-shock stress). Behavioral (memory, as well as anxiety-like behaviors), electrophysiological, and histological (neural arborization in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons) studies were performed. Results showed that inhibition of β-adrenoceptors of BLA by propranolol significantly further impaired fear and spatial memory in stressed rats. Similarly, propranolol effectively impaired both memories in the intact animals. Propranolol significantly amplified the slope and amplitude of fEPSP in the CA1 area of the hippocampus only in stressed rats. Foot-shock stress significantly increased the number of dendritic branches in the hippocampus, and propranolol suppressed this effect of stress. It is suggested that β-adrenoceptors in the BLA promote memory and reduce anxiety-like behaviors under tonic and stress conditions. Propranolol dysregulated LTP parameters and reduced dendritic branches, resulting in memory impairment. Probably β-adrenoceptors of BLA regulate evoked responses of CA1 neurons only in stress- and not the tonic condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zohreh Jangravi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Taghdir
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sepandi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hokenson RE, Short AK, Chen Y, Pham AL, Adams ET, Bolton JL, Swarup V, Gall CM, Baram TZ. Unexpected Role of Physiological Estrogen in Acute Stress-Induced Memory Deficits. J Neurosci 2021; 41:648-662. [PMID: 33262247 PMCID: PMC7842761 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2146-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress may promote emotional and cognitive disturbances, which differ by sex. Adverse outcomes, including memory disturbances, are typically observed following chronic stress, but are now being recognized also after short events, including mass shootings, assault, or natural disasters, events that consist of concurrent multiple acute stresses (MAS). Prior work has established profound and enduring effects of MAS on memory in males. Here we examined the effects of MAS on female mice and probed the role of hormonal fluctuations during the estrous cycle on MAS-induced memory problems and the underlying brain network and cellular mechanisms. Female mice were impacted by MAS in an estrous cycle-dependent manner: MAS impaired hippocampus-dependent spatial memory in early-proestrous mice, characterized by high levels of estradiol, whereas memory of mice stressed during estrus (low estradiol) was spared. As spatial memory requires an intact dorsal hippocampal CA1, we examined synaptic integrity in mice stressed at different cycle phases and found a congruence of dendritic spine density and spatial memory deficits, with reduced spine density only in mice stressed during high estradiol cycle phases. Assessing MAS-induced activation of brain networks interconnected with hippocampus, we identified differential estrous cycle-dependent activation of memory- and stress-related regions, including the amygdala. Network analyses of the cross-correlation of fos expression among these regions uncovered functional connectivity that differentiated impaired mice from those not impaired by MAS. In conclusion, the estrous cycle modulates the impact of MAS on spatial memory, and fluctuating physiological levels of sex hormones may contribute to this effect.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Effects of stress on brain functions, including memory, are profound and sex-dependent. Acute stressors occurring simultaneously result in spatial memory impairments in males, but effects on females are unknown. Here we identified estrous cycle-dependent effects of such stresses on memory in females. Surprisingly, females with higher physiological estradiol experienced stress-induced memory impairment and a loss of underlying synapses. Memory- and stress-responsive brain regions interconnected with hippocampus were differentially activated across high and low estradiol mice, and predicted memory impairment. Thus, at functional, network, and cellular levels, physiological estradiol influences the effects of stress on memory in females, providing insight into mechanisms of prominent sex differences in stress-related memory disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christine M Gall
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology
- Neurobiology and Behavior
| | - Tallie Z Baram
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology
- Pediatrics
- Neurology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Naneix F, Bakoyiannis I, Santoyo-Zedillo M, Bosch-Bouju C, Pacheco-Lopez G, Coutureau E, Ferreira G. Chemogenetic silencing of hippocampus and amygdala reveals a double dissociation in periadolescent obesogenic diet-induced memory alterations. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 178:107354. [PMID: 33276069 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In addition to numerous metabolic comorbidities, obesity is associated with several adverse neurobiological outcomes, especially learning and memory alterations. Obesity prevalence is rising dramatically in youth and is persisting in adulthood. This is especially worrying since adolescence is a crucial period for the maturation of certain brain regions playing a central role in memory processes such as the hippocampus and the amygdala. We previously showed that periadolescent, but not adult, exposure to obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) had opposite effects on hippocampus- and amygdala-dependent memory, impairing the former and enhancing the latter. However, the causal role of these two brain regions in periadolescent HFD-induced memory alterations remains unclear. Here, we first showed that periadolescent HFD induced long-term, but not short-term, object recognition memory deficits, specifically when rats were exposed to a novel context. Using chemogenetic approaches to inhibit targeted brain regions, we then demonstrated that recognition memory deficits are dependent on the activity of the ventral hippocampus, but not the basolateral amygdala. On the contrary, the HFD- induced enhancement of conditioned odor aversion specifically requires amygdala activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that HFD consumption throughout adolescence impairs long-term object recognition memory through alterations of ventral hippocampal activity during memory acquisition. Moreover, these results further highlight the bidirectional effects of adolescent HFD on hippocampal and amygdala functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Naneix
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33077, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ioannis Bakoyiannis
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marianela Santoyo-Zedillo
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33077, Bordeaux, France; Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), Campus Lerma, Mexico
| | | | - Gustavo Pacheco-Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), Campus Lerma, Mexico
| | | | - Guillaume Ferreira
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33077, Bordeaux, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chakraborty S, Tripathi SJ, Raju TR, Shankaranarayana Rao BS. Mechanisms underlying remediation of depression-associated anxiety by chronic N-acetyl cysteine treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2967-2981. [PMID: 32572589 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Anxiety is one of the most comorbid conditions with major depressive disorder (MDD). Depression-associated anxiety often stems from the dysfunctional hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its altered regulation by the amygdala. Furthermore, MDD is associated with altered glutamatergic processing leading to anxiety and impaired regulation of the HPA axis. Recent studies have demonstrated that N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a pleiotropic drug, exerts antidepressant-like effect by modulation of hippocampal functions, periterminal release of glutamate, and/or redox systems. However, the effects of NAC on depression-associated anxiety, HPA axis hyperactivity, and amygdalar dysfunctions are relatively unknown. OBJECTIVES Accordingly, we evaluated the effect of NAC on neonatal clomipramine (CLI)-induced adulthood anxiety and accompanying changes in plasma corticosterone levels, amygdalar volumes, neuronal/glial densities, levels of monoamines, and their metabolites in the amygdalar complex. RESULTS We found that chronic treatment with NAC reverses CLI-induced anhedonia and enhanced anxiety. Interestingly, attenuation of CLI-associated anxiety in NAC-treated rats were accompanied by a reversal of adrenal and spleen hypertrophy, and normalization of enhanced plasma corticosterone levels, indicating improved HPA axis functioning. Furthermore, NAC treatment was sufficient to reverse volumetric hypertrophy of basolateral amygdala (BLA), and altered noradrenaline (NA) metabolism in the amygdalar complex. The effects of NAC in the reversal of CLI-induced impairments were similar to that of fluoxetine (FLX). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that beneficial effects of NAC on antidepressive- and antianxiety-like behaviors are at least in part mediated via restoration of amygdalar and HPA axis functioning. Our results support the hypothesis that NAC might be evolved as a therapeutic strategy for reversal of amygdalar dysfunction in depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suwarna Chakraborty
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - Sunil Jamuna Tripathi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - T R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560 029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park JC, Jeon YJ, Kim JJ, Cho J, Choi DH, Han JS. Brief stress impairs recognition memory through amygdalar activation in animals with medial prefrontal cortex lesions. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135245. [PMID: 32652210 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is thought to exert inhibitory control over stress-induced activation of the amygdala and neurocognitive effects. As evidence to support this, we examined how exposure to either a brief or prolonged stress affected on amygdalar c-Fos levels and recognition memory of animals with mPFC chemical lesions. mPFC-lesioned and sham-operated animals were subjected to either a brief 20-min restraint+20 tailshocks or a prolonged 60-min restraint+60 tailshocks. Post-stress performances in the object recognition memory and c-Fos immunoreactivity in the amygdala were then assessed. In sham-operated animals, the object recognition memory was reliably impaired following the prolonged, but not following the brief stress exposure. On the other hand, in mPFC-lesioned animals, the brief stress significantly impaired recognition memory and enhanced c-Fos expression in the amygdala. Present findings of loss of mPFC activity exacerbating stress effects provide causal evidence that the mPFC exerts inhibitory control on stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Cheol Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeansok J Kim
- Department of Psychology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195-1525, USA
| | - Jeiwon Cho
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hee Choi
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Institute of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Soo Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huang S, Dong W, Jiao Z, Liu J, Li K, Wang H, Xu D. Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure Induced Alterations in Neurobehavior and Hippocampal Glutamatergic System Balance in Female Rat Offspring. Toxicol Sci 2019; 171:369-384. [PMID: 31518422 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological investigations have suggested that periodic use of dexamethasone during pregnancy is a risk factor for abnormal behavior in offspring, but the potential mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the changes in the glutamatergic system and neurobehavior in female offspring with prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) to explore intrauterine programing mechanisms. Compared with the control group, rat offspring with PDE exhibited spatial memory deficits and anxiety-like behavior. The expression of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) increased, whereas histone H3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac) of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exon IV (BDNF IV) and expression of BDNF decreased. The glutamatergic system also changed. We further observed that changes in the fetal hippocampus were consistent with those in adult offspring. In vitro, the administration of 0.5 μM dexamethasone to the H19-7 fetal hippocampal neuron cells directly led to a cascade of changes in the GR/HDAC2/BDNF pathway, whereas the GR antagonist RU486 and the HDAC2 inhibitor romidepsin (Rom) reversed changes caused by dexamethasone to the H3K14ac level of BDNF IV and to the expression of BDNF. The increase in HDAC2 can be reversed by RU486, and the changes in the glutamatergic system can be partially reversed after supplementation with BDNF. It is suggested that PDE increases the expression of HDAC2 by activating GR, reducing the H3K14ac level of BDNF IV, inducing alterations in neurobehavior and hippocampal glutamatergic system balance. The findings suggest that BDNF supplementation and glutamatergic system improvement are potential therapeutic targets for the fetal origins of abnormal neurobehavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songqiang Huang
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Wanting Dong
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Zhexiao Jiao
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Jie Liu
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
| | - Ke Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, Wuhan University
| | - Dan Xu
- *Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences
- Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medicine Education, Wuhan University
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pfänder P, Fidan M, Burret U, Lipinski L, Vettorazzi S. Cdk5 Deletion Enhances the Anti-inflammatory Potential of GC-Mediated GR Activation During Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1554. [PMID: 31354714 PMCID: PMC6635475 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The suppression of activated pro-inflammatory macrophages during immune response has a major impact on the outcome of many inflammatory diseases including sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis. The pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of macrophages have been widely studied, whereas their regulation under immunosuppressive treatments such as glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is less well-understood. GC-mediated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation is crucial to mediate anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, the anti-cancer drug roscovitine, that is currently being tested in clinical trials, was recently described to regulate inflammatory processes by inhibiting different Cdks such as cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Cdk5 was identified as a modulator of inflammatory processes in different immune cells and furthermore described to influence GR gene expression in the brain. Whether roscovitine can enhance the immunosuppressive effects of GCs and if the inhibition of Cdk5 affects GR gene regulatory function in innate immune cells, such as macrophages, has not yet been investigated. Here, we report that roscovitine enhances the immunosuppressive Dexamethasone (Dex) effect on the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) expression, which is essential for immune regulation. Cdk5 deletion in macrophages prevented iNos protein and nitric oxide (NO) generation after a combinatory treatment with inflammatory stimuli and Dex. Cdk5 deletion in macrophages attenuated the GR phosphorylation on serine 211 after Dex treatment alone and in combination with inflammatory stimuli, but interestingly increased the GR-dependent anti-inflammatory target gene dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (Dusp1, Mkp1). Mkp1 phosphatase activity decreases the activation of its direct target p38Mapk, reduced iNos expression and NO production upon inflammatory stimuli and Dex treatment in the absence of Cdk5. Taken together, we identified Cdk5 as a potential novel regulator of NO generation in inflammatory macrophages under GC treatment. Our data suggest that GC treatment in combination with specific Cdk5 inhibtior(s) provides a stronger suppression of inflammation and could thus replace high-dose GC therapy which has severe side effects in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pfänder
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Miray Fidan
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Burret
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lena Lipinski
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ahlgrim NS, Manns JR. Optogenetic Stimulation of the Basolateral Amygdala Increased Theta-Modulated Gamma Oscillations in the Hippocampus. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:87. [PMID: 31114488 PMCID: PMC6503755 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala can modulate declarative memory. For example, previous research in rats and humans showed that brief electrical stimulation to the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) prioritized specific objects to be consolidated into long term memory in the absence of emotional stimuli and without awareness of stimulation. The capacity of the BLA to influence memory depends on its substantial projections to many other brain regions, including the hippocampus. Nevertheless, how activation of the BLA influences ongoing neuronal activity in other regions is poorly understood. The current study used optogenetic stimulation of putative glutamatergic neurons in the BLA of freely exploring rats to determine whether brief activation of the BLA could increase in the hippocampus gamma oscillations for which the amplitude was modulated by the phase of theta oscillations, an oscillatory state previously reported to correlate with good memory. BLA neurons were stimulated in 1-s bouts with pulse frequencies that included the theta range (8 Hz), the gamma range (50 Hz), or a combination of both ranges (eight 50-Hz bursts). Local field potentials were recorded in the BLA and in the pyramidal layer of CA1 in the intermediate hippocampus. A key question was whether BLA stimulation at either theta or gamma frequencies could combine with ongoing hippocampal oscillations to result in theta-modulated gamma or whether BLA stimulation that included both theta and gamma frequencies would be necessary to increase theta–gamma comodulation in the hippocampus. All stimulation conditions elicited robust responses in BLA and CA1, but theta-modulated gamma oscillations increased in CA1 only when BLA stimulation included both theta and gamma frequencies. Longer bouts (5-s) of BLA stimulation resulted in hippocampal activity that evolved away from the initial oscillatory states and toward those characterized more by prominent low-frequency oscillations. The current results indicated that one mechanism by which the amygdala might influence declarative memory is by eliciting neuronal oscillatory states in the hippocampus that benefit memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan S Ahlgrim
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Joseph R Manns
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Waider J, Popp S, Mlinar B, Montalbano A, Bonfiglio F, Aboagye B, Thuy E, Kern R, Thiel C, Araragi N, Svirin E, Schmitt-Böhrer AG, Corradetti R, Lowry CA, Lesch KP. Serotonin Deficiency Increases Context-Dependent Fear Learning Through Modulation of Hippocampal Activity. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:245. [PMID: 31068767 PMCID: PMC6491456 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system dysfunction is implicated in exaggerated fear responses triggering various anxiety-, stress-, and trauma-related disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we investigated the impact of constitutively inactivated 5-HT synthesis on context-dependent fear learning and extinction using tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) knockout mice. Fear conditioning and context-dependent fear memory extinction paradigms were combined with c-Fos imaging and electrophysiological recordings in the dorsal hippocampus (dHip). Tph2 mutant mice, completely devoid of 5-HT synthesis in brain, displayed accelerated fear memory formation and increased locomotor responses to foot shock. Furthermore, recall of context-dependent fear memory was increased. The behavioral responses were associated with increased c-Fos expression in the dHip and resistance to foot shock-induced impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). In conclusion, increased context-dependent fear memory resulting from brain 5-HT deficiency involves dysfunction of the hippocampal circuitry controlling contextual representation of fear-related behavioral responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Waider
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandy Popp
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Boris Mlinar
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Montalbano
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonfiglio
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Benjamin Aboagye
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Thuy
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Raphael Kern
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Thiel
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Naozumi Araragi
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgeniy Svirin
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Angelika G Schmitt-Böhrer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renato Corradetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Translational Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sase AS, Lombroso SI, Santhumayor BA, Wood RR, Lim CJ, Neve RL, Heller EA. Sex-Specific Regulation of Fear Memory by Targeted Epigenetic Editing of Cdk5. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:623-634. [PMID: 30661667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences in the expression and prevalence of trauma- and stress-related disorders have led to a growing interest in the sex-specific molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying these diseases. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is known to underlie both fear memory and stress behavior in male mice. Given our recent finding that targeted histone acetylation of Cdk5 regulates stress responsivity in male mice, we hypothesized that such a mechanism may be functionally relevant in female mice as well. METHODS We applied epigenetic editing of Cdk5 in the hippocampus and examined the regulation of fear memory retrieval in male and female mice. Viral expression of zinc finger proteins targeting histone acetylation to the Cdk5 promoter was paired with a quantification of learning and memory of contextual fear conditioning, expression of CDK5, and enrichment of histone modifications of the Cdk5 gene. RESULTS We found that male mice exhibit stronger long-term memory retrieval than do female mice, and this finding was associated with male-specific epigenetic activation of hippocampal Cdk5 expression. Sex differences in behavior and epigenetic regulation of Cdk5 occurred after long-term, but not short-term, fear memory retrieval. Finally, targeted histone acetylation of hippocampal Cdk5 promoter attenuated fear memory retrieval and increased tau phosphorylation in female but not male mice. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic editing uncovered a female-specific role of Cdk5 activation in attenuating fear memory retrieval. This finding may be attributed to CDK5 mediated hyperphosphorylation of tau only in the female hippocampus. Sex-specific epigenetic regulation of Cdk5 may reflect differences in the effect of CDK5 on downstream target proteins that regulate memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajinkya S Sase
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sonia I Lombroso
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brandon A Santhumayor
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rozalyn R Wood
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carissa J Lim
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth A Heller
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu XH, Zhu RT, Hao B, Shi YW, Wang XG, Xue L, Zhao H. Norepinephrine Induces PTSD-Like Memory Impairments via Regulation of the β-Adrenoceptor-cAMP/PKA and CaMK II/PKC Systems in the Basolateral Amygdala. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:43. [PMID: 30894805 PMCID: PMC6414421 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) can modulate the memory enhancement process during stressful events, and this modulation requires arousal-induced norepinephrine (NE) activation in the basolateral amygdale (BLA). Our previous study found that an intrahippocampal infusion of propranolol dose-dependently induced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like memory impairments. To explore the role of the noradrenergic system of the BLA in PTSD-like memory impairment, we injected various doses of NE into the BLA. We found that only a specific quantity of NE (0.3 μg) could induce PTSD-like memory impairments, accompanied by a reduction in phosphorylation of GluR1 at Ser845 and Ser831. Moreover, this phenomenon could be blocked by a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor or calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) inhibitor. These findings demonstrate that NE could induce PTSD-like memory impairments via regulation of the β-adrenoceptor receptor (β-AR)-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)/PKA and CaMK II/PKC signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hui Liu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Ting Zhu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Wei Shi
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Wang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xue
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang V, Butler AA, Lubin FD. Telencephalon transcriptome analysis of chronically stressed adult zebrafish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1379. [PMID: 30718621 PMCID: PMC6361922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress leads to disruptions in learning and memory processes. The effects of chronic stress experience on the adult zebrafish brain, particularly the memory associated telencephalon brain region, is unclear. The goal of this study was to identify gene expression changes in the adult zebrafish brain triggered by chronic unpredictable stress. Transcriptome analysis of the telencephalon revealed 155 differentially expressed genes. Of these genes, some are critical genes involved in learning and memory, such as cdk5 and chrna7, indicating effects of chronic unpredictable stress on zebrafish memory. Interestingly, several genes were annotated in the Orange domain, which is an amino acid sequence present in eukaryotic DNA-binding transcription repressors. Furthermore, we identified hsd11b2, a cortisol inactivating gene, as chronic stress-responsive in the whole zebrafish brain. Collectively, these findings suggest that memory associated gene expression changes in adult zebrafish telencephalon are affected by chronic stress experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Anderson A Butler
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Farah D Lubin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Influence of pharmacological and epigenetic factors to suppress neurotrophic factors and enhance neural plasticity in stress and mood disorders. Cogn Neurodyn 2019; 13:219-237. [PMID: 31168328 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-019-09522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced major depression and mood disorders are characterized by behavioural abnormalities and psychiatric illness, leading to disability and immature mortality worldwide. Neurobiological mechanisms of stress and mood disorders are discussed considering recent findings, and challenges to enhance pharmacological effects of antidepressant, and mood stabilizers. Pharmacological enhancement of ketamine and scopolamine regulates depression at the molecular level, increasing synaptic plasticity in prefrontal regions. Blood-derived neurotrophic factors facilitate mood-deficit symptoms. Epigenetic factors maintain stress-resilience in hippocampal region. Regulation of neurotrophic factors blockades stress, and enhances neuronal survival though it paralyzes limbic regions. Molecular agents and neurotrophic factors also control behavioral and synaptic plasticity in addiction and stress disorders. Future research on neuronal dynamics and cellular actions can be directed to obtain the etiology of synaptic dysregulation in mood disorder and stress. For the first time, the current review contributes to the literature of synaptic plasticity representing the role of epigenetic mechanisms and glucocorticoid receptors to predict depression and anxiety in clinical conditions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar BN, Raju TR, Shankaranarayana Rao BS. Basolateral amygdalar inactivation blocks chronic stress-induced lamina-specific reduction in prefrontal cortex volume and associated anxiety-like behavior. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 88:194-207. [PMID: 30036565 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress causes cognitive deficits, anxiety and depression. Earlier studies have suggested that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) can differentially modulate the stress-induced alterations either by their action on HPA axis or via direct reciprocal connections between them. The PFC dysfunction and BLA hypertrophy following stress are known to cause anxiety and affective symptoms. Recent studies indicate that inactivation of BLA projections to PFC remarkably decreases anxiety. However, the effect of BLA inactivation on stress-induced anxiety and associated volume loss in prelimbic (PrL) and anterior cingulate (ACC) subregions of PFC is not known. Accordingly, we evaluated the effect of BLA lesion or inactivation during chronic immobilization stress (CIS) on an approach-avoidance task and associated volume loss in the PFC. The stressed rats showed a significant volumetric reduction in layer I and II of the PrL and ACC. Interestingly, BLA lesion prior to stress prevented the volume loss in PrL and ACC. Further, BLA lesion blocked the anxiety-like behavior in stressed rats. However, in the absence of stress, BLA lesion increased the number of shocks as compared to controls. As BLA lesion produced an anticonflict effect, we performed temporary inactivation of BLA specifically during stress. Similar to BLA lesion, lidocaine-induced inactivation prevented the stress-induced volume loss and anxiety-like behavior. We demonstrate that inactivation of BLA during stress prevents CIS-induced anxiety and associated structural correlates in the PFC. The present study extends the hypothesis of amygdalar silencing as a possible management strategy for stress and associated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Jamuna Tripathi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - Suwarna Chakraborty
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - B N Srikumar
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - T R Raju
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India
| | - B S Shankaranarayana Rao
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560 029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Aldrin-Kirk P, Björklund T. Practical Considerations for the Use of DREADD and Other Chemogenetic Receptors to Regulate Neuronal Activity in the Mammalian Brain. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1937:59-87. [PMID: 30706390 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9065-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemogenetics is the process of genetically expressing a macromolecule receptor capable of modulating the activity of the cell in response to selective chemical ligand. This chapter will cover the chemogenetic technologies that are available to date, focusing on the commonly available engineered or otherwise modified ligand-gated ion channels and G-protein-coupled receptors in the context of neuromodulation. First, we will give a brief overview of each chemogenetic approach as well as in vitro/in vivo applications, then we will list their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we will provide tips for ligand application in each case.Each technology has specific limitations that make them more or less suitable for different applications in neuroscience although we will focus mainly on the most commonly used and versatile family named designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs or DREADDs. We here describe the most common cases where these can be implemented and provide tips on how and where these technologies can be applied in the field of neuroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Aldrin-Kirk
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tomas Björklund
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. Prevention of chronic immobilization stress-induced enhanced expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex by inactivation of basolateral amygdala. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 95:134-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
32
|
GANEing traction: The broad applicability of NE hotspots to diverse cognitive and arousal phenomena. Behav Brain Sci 2018; 39:e228. [PMID: 28355836 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x16000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The GANE (glutamate amplifies noradrenergic effects) model proposes that local glutamate-norepinephrine interactions enable "winner-take-more" effects in perception and memory under arousal. A diverse range of commentaries addressed both the nature of this "hotspot" feedback mechanism and its implications in a variety of psychological domains, inspiring exciting avenues for future research.
Collapse
|
33
|
Inactivation of Basolateral Amygdala Prevents Stress-Induced Astroglial Loss in the Prefrontal Cortex. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:350-366. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
34
|
Henry MS, Bisht K, Vernoux N, Gendron L, Torres-Berrio A, Drolet G, Tremblay MÈ. Delta Opioid Receptor Signaling Promotes Resilience to Stress Under the Repeated Social Defeat Paradigm in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:100. [PMID: 29681795 PMCID: PMC5897549 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptation to chronic stress is highly variable across individuals. Resilience to stress is a complex process recruiting various brain regions and neurotransmitter systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of endogenous opioid enkephalin (ENK) signaling in the development of stress resilience in mice. The translational model of repeated social defeat (RSD) stress was selected to mimic the unpredictable disruptions of daily life and induce resilience or vulnerability to stress. As in humans, adult C57BL/6J mice demonstrated a great variability in their response to stress under this paradigm. A social interaction (SI) test was used to discriminate between the phenotypes of resilience or vulnerability to stress. After social defeat, the expression levels of ENK mRNA and their delta opioid receptors (DOPr) were quantified in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and BLA-target areas by in situ hybridization. In this manner, ENK mRNA levels were found to decrease in the BLA and those of DOPr in the ventral hippocampus (HPC) CA1 of vulnerable mice only. Stimulating the DOPr pathway during social defeat by pharmacological treatment with the nonpeptide, selective DOPr agonist SNC80 further induced a resilient phenotype in a majority of stressed animals, with the proportion of resilient ones increasing from 33% to 58% of the total population. Ultrastructural analyses additionally revealed a reduction of oxidative stress markers in the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the ventral HPC CA1 upon SNC80 treatment, thus proposing a mechanism by which ENK-DOPr signaling may prevent the deleterious effects of chronic social stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde S Henry
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Kanchan Bisht
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Vernoux
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Guy Drolet
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhang Z, Zhang P, Qi GJ, Jiao FJ, Wang QZ, Yan JG, He F, Zhang Q, Lv ZX, Peng X, Cai HW, Chen X, Sun N, Tian B. CDK5-mediated phosphorylation of Sirt2 contributes to depressive-like behavior induced by social defeat stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:533-541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
36
|
Schmauss C. The roles of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) in memory, learning, and executive cognitive functions: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:63-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
37
|
Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Nicotine Preference Requires Dynorphin/Kappa Opioid Activity in the Basolateral Amygdala. J Neurosci 2017; 36:9937-48. [PMID: 27656031 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0953-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The dynorphin (DYN)/kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system plays a conserved role in stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking for prototypical substances of abuse. Due to nicotine's high propensity for stress-induced relapse, we hypothesized that stress would induce reinstatement of nicotine seeking-like behavior in a KOR-dependent manner. Using a conditioned place preference (CPP) reinstatement procedure in mice, we show that both foot-shock stress and the pharmacological stressor yohimbine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) induce reinstatement of nicotine CPP in a norbinaltorphimine (norBNI, a KOR antagonist)-sensitive manner, indicating that KOR activity is necessary for stress-induced nicotine CPP reinstatement. After reinstatement testing, we visualized robust c-fos expression in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), which was reduced in mice pretreated with norBNI. We then used several distinct but complementary approaches of locally disrupting BLA KOR activity to assess the role of KORs and KOR-coupled intracellular signaling cascades on reinstatement of nicotine CPP. norBNI injected locally into the BLA prevented yohimbine-induced nicotine CPP reinstatement without affecting CPP acquisition. Similarly, selective deletion of BLA KORs in KOR conditional knock-out mice prevented foot-shock-induced CPP reinstatement. Together, these findings strongly implicate BLA KORs in stress-induced nicotine seeking-like behavior. In addition, we found that chemogenetic activation of Gαi signaling within CaMKIIα BLA neurons was sufficient to induce nicotine CPP reinstatement, identifying an anatomically specific intracellular mechanism by which stress leads to reinstatement. Considered together, our findings suggest that activation of the DYN/KOR system and Gαi signaling within the BLA is both necessary and sufficient to produce reinstatement of nicotine preference. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Considering the major impact of nicotine use on human health, understanding the mechanisms by which stress triggers reinstatement of drug-seeking behaviors is particularly pertinent to nicotine. The dynorphin (DYN)/kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system has been implicated in stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking for other commonly abused drugs. However, the specific role, brain region, and mechanisms that this system plays in reinstatement of nicotine seeking has not been characterized. Here, we report region-specific engagement of the DYN/KOR system and subsequent activation of inhibitory (Gi-linked) intracellular signaling pathways within the basolateral amygdala during stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine preference. We show that the DYN/KOR system is necessary to produce this behavioral state. This work may provide novel insight for the development of therapeutic approaches to prevent stress-related nicotine relapse.
Collapse
|
38
|
Noradrenergic activation of the basolateral amygdala maintains hippocampus-dependent accuracy of remote memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:9176-9181. [PMID: 28790188 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710819114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional enhancement of memory by noradrenergic mechanisms is well-described, but the long-term consequences of such enhancement are poorly understood. Over time, memory traces are thought to undergo a neural reorganization, that is, a systems consolidation, during which they are, at least partly, transferred from the hippocampus to neocortical networks. This transfer is accompanied by a decrease in episodic detailedness. Here we investigated whether norepinephrine (NE) administration into the basolateral amygdala after training on an inhibitory avoidance discrimination task, comprising two distinct training contexts, alters systems consolidation dynamics to maintain episodic-like accuracy and hippocampus dependency of remote memory. At a 2-d retention test, both saline- and NE-treated rats accurately discriminated the training context in which they had received footshock. Hippocampal inactivation with muscimol before retention testing disrupted discrimination of the shock context in both treatment groups. At 28 d, saline-treated rats showed hippocampus-independent retrieval and lack of discrimination. In contrast, NE-treated rats continued to display accurate memory of the shock-context association. Hippocampal inactivation at this remote retention test blocked episodic-like accuracy and induced a general memory impairment. These findings suggest that the NE treatment altered systems consolidation dynamics by maintaining hippocampal involvement in the memory. This shift in systems consolidation was paralleled by time-regulated DNA methylation and transcriptional changes of memory-related genes, namely Reln and Pkmζ, in the hippocampus and neocortex. The findings provide evidence suggesting that consolidation of emotional memories by noradrenergic mechanisms alters systems consolidation dynamics and, as a consequence, influences the maintenance of long-term episodic-like accuracy of memory.
Collapse
|
39
|
Tripathi SJ, Chakraborty S, Srikumar B, Raju T, Shankaranarayana Rao B. Inactivation of basolateral amygdala prevents chronic immobilization stress-induced memory impairment and associated changes in corticosterone levels. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 142:218-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
40
|
Changes in the Prefrontal Glutamatergic and Parvalbumin Systems of Mice Exposed to Unpredictable Chronic Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2591-2602. [PMID: 28421533 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is highly sensitive to the effects of stress, a known risk factor of mood disorders including anxiety and depression. Abnormalities in PFC functioning have been well described in humans displaying stress-induced depressive symptoms, and hypoactivity of the PFC is now recognized to be a key feature of the depressed brain. However, little is known about the causes and mechanisms leading to this altered prefrontal functional activity in the context of stress-related mood disorders. We previously showed that unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) in mice increases prefrontal expression of parvalbumin (PV), an activity-dependent calcium-binding albumin protein expressed in a specific subtype of GABAergic neurons, highlighting a potential mechanism through which chronic stress leads to hypofunction of the PFC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which chronic stress alters the prefrontal GABA system. We hypothesized that chronic stress-induced enhancement of glutamatergic transmission in the PFC is a crucial contributing factor to changes within the prefrontal GABAergic and, specifically, PV system. BALB/c male and female mice were exposed to daily handling (control) or 2 or 4 weeks of UCMS. Female mice displayed a more severe altered phenotype than males, as shown by increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and deficits in PFC-dependent cognitive abilities, particularly after exposure to 2 weeks of UCMS. This behavioral phenotype was paralleled by a large increase in prefrontal PV messenger RNA (mRNA) and number of PV-expressing neurons, supporting our previous findings. We further showed that the expression of pre- and postsynaptic markers of glutamatergic transmission (VGlut1 presynaptic terminals and pERK1/2, respectively) onto PV neurons was increased by 2 weeks of UCMS in a sex-specific manner; this was associated with sex-specific changes in the mRNA expression of the NR2B subunit of the NMDA receptor. These findings provide evidence of increased glutamatergic transmission onto prefrontal PV neurons, particularly in female mice, which could potentially contribute to their increased PV expression and the extent of their behavioral impairment following UCMS. Finally, our analysis of activity of subcortical regions sending glutamatergic afferents to the PFC reveals that glutamatergic neurons from the basolateral amygdala might be specifically involved in UCMS-induced changes in prefrontal glutamatergic transmission.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sim JY, Haney MP, Park SI, McCall JG, Jeong JW. Microfluidic neural probes: in vivo tools for advancing neuroscience. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1406-1435. [PMID: 28349140 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00103g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic neural probes hold immense potential as in vivo tools for dissecting neural circuit function in complex nervous systems. Miniaturization, integration, and automation of drug delivery tools open up new opportunities for minimally invasive implants. These developments provide unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution in fluid delivery as well as multifunctional interrogation of neural activity using combined electrical and optical modalities. Capitalizing on these unique features, microfluidic technology will greatly advance in vivo pharmacology, electrophysiology, optogenetics, and optopharmacology. In this review, we discuss recent advances in microfluidic neural probe systems. In particular, we will highlight the materials and manufacturing processes of microfluidic probes, device configurations, peripheral devices for fluid handling and packaging, and wireless technologies that can be integrated for the control of these microfluidic probe systems. This article summarizes various microfluidic implants and discusses grand challenges and future directions for further developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Yong Sim
- Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Bio-Medical IT Convergence Research Department, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ca v1.2 channels mediate persistent chronic stress-induced behavioral deficits that are associated with prefrontal cortex activation of the p25/Cdk5-glucocorticoid receptor pathway. Neurobiol Stress 2017; 7:27-37. [PMID: 28289693 PMCID: PMC5338724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is known to precipitate and exacerbate neuropsychiatric symptoms, and exposure to stress is particularly pathological in individuals with certain genetic predispositions. Recent genome wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene CACNA1C, which codes for the Cav1.2 subunit of the L-type calcium channel (LTCC), as a common risk variant for multiple neuropsychiatric conditions. Cav1.2 channels mediate experience-dependent changes in gene expression and long-term synaptic plasticity through activation of downstream calcium signaling pathways. Previous studies have found an association between stress and altered Cav1.2 expression in the brain, however the contribution of Cav1.2 channels to chronic stress-induced behaviors, and the precise Cav1.2 signaling mechanisms activated are currently unknown. Here we report that chronic stress leads to a delayed increase in Cav1.2 expression selectively within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), but not in other stress-sensitive brain regions such as the hippocampus or amygdala. Further, we demonstrate that while Cav1.2 heterozygous (Cav1.2+/−) mice show chronic stress-induced depressive-like behavior, anxiety-like behavior, and deficits in working memory 1–2 days following stress, they are resilient to the effects of chronic stress when tested 5–7 days later. Lastly, molecular studies find a delayed upregulation of the p25/Cdk5-glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway in the PFC when examined 8 days post-stress that is absent in Cav1.2+/− mice. Our findings reveal a novel Cav1.2-mediated molecular mechanism associated with the persistent behavioral effects of chronic stress and provide new insight into potential Cav1.2 channel mechanisms that may contribute to CACNA1C-linked neuropsychiatric phenotypes.
Collapse
|
43
|
An intra-amygdala circuit specifically regulates social fear learning. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:459-469. [PMID: 28114293 PMCID: PMC5323274 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive social behavior requires transmission and reception of salient social information. Impairment of this reciprocity is a cardinal symptom of autism. The amygdala is a critical mediator of social behavior and is implicated in social symptoms of autism. Here we found that a specific amygdala circuit, from the lateral nucleus to the medial nucleus (LA-MeA), is required for using social cues to learn about environmental cues that signal imminent threats. Disruption of the LA-MeA circuit impaired valuation of these environmental cues and subsequent ability to use a cue to guide behavior. Rats with impaired social guidance of behavior due to knockout of Nrxn1, an analog of autism-associated gene NRXN, exhibited marked LA-MeA deficits. Chemogenetic activation of this circuit reversed these impaired social behaviors. These findings identify an amygdala circuit required to guide emotional responses to socially significant cues and identify an exploratory target for disorders associated with social impairments.
Collapse
|
44
|
Peng C, Hong X, Chen W, Zhang H, Tan L, Wang X, Ding Y, He J. Melatonin ameliorates amygdala-dependent emotional memory deficits in Tg2576 mice by up-regulating the CREB/c-Fos pathway. Neurosci Lett 2017; 638:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
45
|
|
46
|
Canter RG, Penney J, Tsai LH. The road to restoring neural circuits for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2016; 539:187-196. [PMID: 27830780 DOI: 10.1038/nature20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive loss of memory and cognition, for which there is no cure. Although genetic studies initially suggested a primary role for amyloid-in Alzheimer's disease, treatment strategies targeted at reducing amyloid-have failed to reverse cognitive symptoms. These clinical findings suggest that cognitive decline is the result of a complex pathophysiology and that targeting amyloid-alone may not be sufficient to treat Alzheimer's disease. Instead, a broad outlook on neural-circuit-damaging processes may yield insights into new therapeutic strategies for curing memory loss in the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca G Canter
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jay Penney
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim J, Ham S, Hong H, Moon C, Im HI. Brain Reward Circuits in Morphine Addiction. Mol Cells 2016; 39:645-53. [PMID: 27506251 PMCID: PMC5050528 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine is the most potent analgesic for chronic pain, but its clinical use has been limited by the opiate's innate tendency to produce tolerance, severe withdrawal symptoms and rewarding properties with a high risk of relapse. To understand the addictive properties of morphine, past studies have focused on relevant molecular and cellular changes in the brain, highlighting the functional roles of reward-related brain regions. Given the accumulated findings, a recent, emerging trend in morphine research is that of examining the dynamics of neuronal interactions in brain reward circuits under the influence of morphine action. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the roles of several reward circuits involved in morphine addiction based on pharmacological, molecular and physiological evidences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Kim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Suji Ham
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| | - Heeok Hong
- Department of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Medical Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Vargas-López V, Lamprea MR, Múnera A. Histone deacetylase inhibition abolishes stress-induced spatial memory impairment. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 134 Pt B:328-38. [PMID: 27544851 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acute stress induced before spatial training impairs memory consolidation. Although non-epigenetic underpinning of such effect has been described, the epigenetic mechanisms involved have not yet been studied. Since spatial training and intense stress have opposite effects on histone acetylation balance, it is conceivable that disruption of such balance may underlie acute stress-induced spatial memory consolidation impairment and that inhibiting histone deacetylases prevents such effect. Trichostatin-A (TSA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) was used to test its effectiveness in preventing stress' deleterious effect on memory. Male Wistar rats were trained in a spatial task in the Barnes maze; 1-h movement restraint was applied to half of them before training. Immediately after training, stressed and non-stressed animals were randomly assigned to receive either TSA (1mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneal injection. Twenty-four hours after training, long-term spatial memory was tested; plasma and brain tissue were collected immediately after the memory test to evaluate corticosterone levels and histone H3 acetylation in several brain areas. Stressed animals receiving vehicle displayed memory impairment, increased plasma corticosterone levels and markedly reduced histone H3 acetylation in prelimbic cortex and hippocampus. Such effects did not occur in stressed animals treated with TSA. The aforementioned results support the hypothesis that acute stress induced-memory impairment is related to histone deacetylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Vargas-López
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marisol R Lamprea
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Psychology Department, School of Human Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Múnera
- Behavioral Neurophysiology Laboratory, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dendritic Spines in Depression: What We Learned from Animal Models. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:8056370. [PMID: 26881133 PMCID: PMC4736982 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8056370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression, a severe psychiatric disorder, has been studied for decades, but the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. Depression is closely associated with alterations in dendritic spine morphology and spine density. Therefore, understanding dendritic spines is vital for uncovering the mechanisms underlying depression. Several chronic stress models, including chronic restraint stress (CRS), chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), have been used to recapitulate depression-like behaviors in rodents and study the underlying mechanisms. In comparison with CRS, CUMS overcomes the stress habituation and has been widely used to model depression-like behaviors. CSDS is one of the most frequently used models for depression, but it is limited to the study of male mice. Generally, chronic stress causes dendritic atrophy and spine loss in the neurons of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Meanwhile, neurons of the amygdala and nucleus accumbens exhibit an increase in spine density. These alterations induced by chronic stress are often accompanied by depression-like behaviors. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This review summarizes our current understanding of the chronic stress-induced remodeling of dendritic spines in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens and also discusses the putative underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
50
|
Takasugi T, Minegishi S, Asada A, Saito T, Kawahara H, Hisanaga SI. Two Degradation Pathways of the p35 Cdk5 (Cyclin-dependent Kinase) Activation Subunit, Dependent and Independent of Ubiquitination. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:4649-57. [PMID: 26631721 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.692871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdk5 is a versatile protein kinase that is involved in various neuronal activities, such as the migration of newborn neurons, neurite outgrowth, synaptic regulation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Cdk5 requires the p35 regulatory subunit for activation. Because Cdk5 is more abundantly expressed in neurons compared with p35, the p35 protein levels determine the kinase activity of Cdk5. p35 is a protein with a short half-life that is degraded by proteasomes. Although ubiquitination of p35 has been previously reported, the degradation mechanism of p35 is not yet known. Here, we intended to identify the ubiquitination site(s) in p35. Because p35 is myristoylated at the N-terminal glycine, the possible ubiquitination sites are the lysine residues in p35. We mutated all 23 Lys residues to Arg (p35 23R), but p35 23R was still rapidly degraded by proteasomes at a rate similar to wild-type p35. The degradation of p35 23R in primary neurons and the Cdk5 activation ability of p35 23R suggested the occurrence of ubiquitin-independent degradation of p35 in physiological conditions. We found that p35 has the amino acid sequence similar to the ubiquitin-independent degron in the NKX3.1 homeodomain transcription factor. An Ala mutation at Pro-247 in the degron-like sequence made p35 stable. These results suggest that p35 can be degraded by two degradation pathways: ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent. The rapid degradation of p35 by two different methods would be a mechanism to suppress the production of p25, which overactivates Cdk5 to induce neuronal cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akiko Asada
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and
| | - Taro Saito
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and
| | - Hiroyuki Kawahara
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, and Graduate School of Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Mianami-osawa, Hachioji,Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|