1
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Isu UH, Polasa A, Moradi M. Differential Behavior of Conformational Dynamics in Active and Inactive States of Cannabinoid Receptor 1. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:8437-8447. [PMID: 39169808 PMCID: PMC11382280 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that regulates critical physiological processes including pain, appetite, and cognition. Understanding the conformational dynamics of CB1 associated with transitions between inactive and active signaling states is imperative for developing targeted modulators. Using microsecond-level all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we identified marked differences in the conformational ensembles of inactive and active CB1 in apo. The inactive state exhibited substantially increased structural heterogeneity and plasticity compared to the more rigidified active state in the absence of stabilizing ligands. Transmembrane helices TM3 and TM7 were identified as distinguishing factors modulating the state-dependent dynamics. TM7 displayed amplified fluctuations selectively in the inactive state simulations attributed to disruption of conserved electrostatic contacts anchoring it to surrounding helices in the active state. Additionally, we identified significant reorganizations in key salt bridge and hydrogen bond networks contributing to the CB1 activation/inactivation. For instance, D213-Y224 hydrogen bond and D184-K192 salt bridge showed marked rearrangements between the states. Collectively, these findings reveal the specialized role of TM7 in directing state-dependent CB1 dynamics through electrostatic switch mechanisms. By elucidating the intrinsic enhanced flexibility of inactive CB1, this study provides valuable insights into the conformational landscape enabling functional transitions. Our perspective advances understanding of CB1 activation mechanisms and offers opportunities for structure-based drug discovery targeting the state-specific conformational dynamics of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochi H Isu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Adithya Polasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Mahmoud Moradi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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2
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Wu K, Jiang H, Hicks DR, Liu C, Muratspahic E, Ramelot TA, Liu Y, McNally K, Gaur A, Coventry B, Chen W, Bera AK, Kang A, Gerben S, Lamb MYL, Murray A, Li X, Kennedy MA, Yang W, Schober G, Brierley SM, Gelb MH, Montelione GT, Derivery E, Baker D. Sequence-specific targeting of intrinsically disordered protein regions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.15.603480. [PMID: 39071356 PMCID: PMC11275711 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.15.603480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
A general approach to design proteins that bind tightly and specifically to intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins and flexible peptides would have wide application in biological research, therapeutics, and diagnosis. However, the lack of defined structures and the high variability in sequence and conformational preferences has complicated such efforts. We sought to develop a method combining biophysical principles with deep learning to readily generate binders for any disordered sequence. Instead of assuming a fixed regular structure for the target, general recognition is achieved by threading the query sequence through diverse extended binding modes in hundreds of templates with varying pocket depths and spacings, followed by RFdiffusion refinement to optimize the binder-target fit. We tested the method by designing binders to 39 highly diverse unstructured targets. Experimental testing of ~36 designs per target yielded binders with affinities better than 100 nM in 34 cases, and in the pM range in four cases. The co-crystal structure of a designed binder in complex with dynorphin A is closely consistent with the design model. All by all binding experiments for 20 designs binding diverse targets show they are highly specific for the intended targets, with no crosstalk even for the closely related dynorphin A and dynorphin B. Our approach thus could provide a general solution to the intrinsically disordered protein and peptide recognition problem.
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3
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Tchekalarova J, Pechlivanova D, Rangelov M, Todorova N, Stoyanova T, Assenov B, Todorov P. A novel cinnamic and caffeic acid-conjugated peptide analogs with anticonvulsant and analgesic potency: Comparative analyses of trans/cis isomers. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22236. [PMID: 39032052 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The novel cinnamic acid (CA) (H4-CA, H5-CA, and H7-CA) and caffeic acid (KA) (H4-KA, H5-KA, and H7-KA) hemorphin analogs have recently been synthesized and their trans isomers have been tested for antiseizure and antinociceptive activity. In the present study, the cis forms of these compounds were tested and compared with their trans isomers in seizure and nociception tests in mice. The cis-H5-CA and H7-CA compounds showed efficacy against psychomotor seizures, whereas the trans isomers were ineffective. Both the cis and trans KA isomers were ineffective in the 6-Hz test. In the maximal electroshock (MES) test, the cis isomers showed superior antiseizure activity to the trans forms of CA and KA conjugates, respectively. The suppression of seizure propagation by cis-H5-CA and the cis-H5-KA was reversed by a kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist. Naloxone and naltrindole were not effective. The cis-isomers of CA conjugates and cis-H7-KA produced significantly stronger antinociceptive effects than their trans-isomers. The cis-H5-CA antinociception was blocked by naloxone in the acute phase and by naloxone and KOR antagonists in the inflammatory phase of the formalin test. The antinociception of the KA conjugates was not abolished by opioid receptor blockade. None of the tested conjugates affected the thermal nociceptive threshold. The results of the docking analysis also suggest a model-specific mechanism related to the activity of the cis-isomers of CA and KA conjugates in relation to opioid receptors. Our findings pave the way for the further development of novel opioid-related antiseizure and antinociceptive therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Tchekalarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Pechlivanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Medicine Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslav Rangelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with centre of phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nadezda Todorova
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsveta Stoyanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Borislav Assenov
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Faculty of Medicine Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petar Todorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
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4
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Isu UH, Polasa A, Moradi M. Differential Behavior of Conformational Dynamics in Active and Inactive States of Cannabinoid Receptor 1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589939. [PMID: 38659869 PMCID: PMC11042334 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The cannabinoid receptor CB1 is a G protein-coupled receptor that regulates critical physiological processes including pain, appetite, and cognition. Understanding the conformational dynamics of CB1 associated with transitions between inactive and active signaling states is imperative for developing targeted modulators. Using microsecond-level all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we identified marked differences in the conformational ensembles of inactive and active CB1 states in apo conditions. The inactive state exhibited substantially increased structural heterogeneity and plasticity compared to the more rigidified active state in the absence of stabilizing ligands. Transmembrane helices TM3 and TM7 were identified as distinguishing factors modulating the state-dependent dynamics. TM7 displayed amplified fluctuations selectively in the inactive state simulations attributed to disruption of conserved electrostatic contacts anchoring it to surrounding helices in the active state. Additionally, we identified significant reorganization of key salt bridge and hydrogen bond networks known to control CB1 activation between states. For instance, a conserved D213-Y224 hydrogen bond and D184-K192 salt bridge interactions showed marked rearrangements between the states. Collectively, these findings reveal the specialized role of TM7 in directing state-dependent CB1 dynamics through electrostatic switch mechanisms. By elucidating the intrinsic enhanced flexibility of inactive CB1, this study provides valuable insights into the conformational landscape enabling functional transitions. Our perspective advances understanding of CB1 activation mechanisms and offers opportunities for structure-based drug discovery targeting the state-specific conformational dynamics of this receptor.
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5
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Sliwowska JH, Woods NE, Alzahrani AR, Paspali E, Tate RJ, Ferro VA. Kisspeptin a potential therapeutic target in treatment of both metabolic and reproductive dysfunction. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13541. [PMID: 38599822 PMCID: PMC11006622 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins (KPs) are proteins that were first recognized to have antimetastatic action. Later, the critical role of this peptide in the regulation of reproduction was proved. In recent years, evidence has been accumulated supporting a role for KPs in regulating metabolic processes in a sexual dimorphic manner. It has been proposed that KPs regulate metabolism both indirectly via gonadal hormones and/or directly via the kisspeptin receptor in the brain, brown adipose tissue, and pancreas. The aim of the review is to provide both experimental and clinical evidence indicating that KPs are peptides linking metabolism and reproduction. We propose that KPs could be used as a potential target to treat both metabolic and reproductive abnormalities. Thus, we focus on the consequences of disruptions in KPs and their receptors in metabolic conditions such as diabetes, undernutrition, obesity, and reproductive disorders (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and polycystic ovary syndrome). Data from both animal models and human subjects indicate that alterations in KPs in the case of metabolic imbalance lead also to disruptions in reproductive functions. Changes both in the hypothalamic and peripheral KP systems in animal models of the aforementioned disorders are discussed. Finally, an overview of current clinical studies involving KP in fertility and metabolism show fewer studies on metabolism (15%) and only one to date on both. Presented data indicate a dynamic and emerging field of KP studies as possible therapeutic targets in treatments of both reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Helena Sliwowska
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Nicola Elizabeth Woods
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Abdullah Rzgallah Alzahrani
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elpiniki Paspali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rothwelle Joseph Tate
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Valerie Anne Ferro
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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6
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Asadollahi K, Rajput S, Jameson GNL, Scott DJ, Gooley PR. Encounter Complexes Between the N-terminal of Neurotensin with the Extracellular Loop 2 of the Neurotensin Receptor 1 Steer Neurotensin to the Orthosteric Binding Pocket. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168244. [PMID: 37625583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Neurotensin (NT) is a linear disordered peptide that activates two different class A GPCRs, neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS1) and NTS2. Resolved structures of the complex of the C-terminal fragment of NT, NT8-13, with NTS1 shows the peptide takes a well-defined structure in the bound state. However, the mechanisms underlying NT recognition of NTS1, and the conformational transition of NT upon binding NTS1 is an open question that if answered may aid discovery of highly selective drugs and reveal potential secondary binding sites on the surface of the receptor. Herein we investigated the interactions guiding NT to the orthosteric binding pocket of NTS1 by combining NMR experiments with kinetic analysis of the binding pathway using stopped-flow fluorescence and mutagenesis on both NT and NTS1. We show the presence of transient structures in the middle part of NT that kinetically regulate the binding of NT to NTS1. Moreover, our results indicate that the binding pathway of NT onto NTS1 is mediated via electrostatic interactions between the N-terminal region of NT with the extracellular loop 2 of NTS1. These interactions induce backbone conformational changes in neurotensin similar to the bound-state neurotensin, suggesting that the N-terminal region of NT and these interactions should be considered for development of selective drugs against NTS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Asadollahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; The Florey, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. https://twitter.com/@KazemAsadollahi
| | - Sunnia Rajput
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Guy N L Jameson
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel J Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; The Florey, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul R Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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7
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Muratspahić E, White AM, Ciotu CI, Hochrainer N, Tomašević N, Koehbach J, Lewis RJ, Spetea M, Fischer MJM, Craik DJ, Gruber CW. Development of a Selective Peptide κ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist by Late-Stage Functionalization with Cysteine Staples. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11843-11854. [PMID: 37632447 PMCID: PMC10510397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The κ-opioid receptor (KOR) is an attractive target for the development of novel drugs. KOR agonists are potentially safer pain medications, whereas KOR antagonists are promising drug candidates for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Hitherto, the vast majority of selective drug leads that have been developed for KOR are small molecules. In this study, novel peptide probes were designed by using an endogenous dynorphin A1-13 sequence as a template for peptide stapling via late-stage cysteine functionalization. Leveraging this strategy, we developed a stable and potent KOR antagonist, CSD-CH2(1,8)-NH2, with approximately 1000-fold improved selectivity for KOR over μ- and δ-opioid receptors. Its potent competitive KOR antagonism was verified in KOR-expressing cells, peripheral dorsal root ganglion neurons, and using the tail-flick and rotarod tests in mice. This work highlights the value of cysteine stapling to develop selective peptide probes to modulate central KOR function, as innovative peptide drug candidates for the treatment of KOR-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edin Muratspahić
- Center
for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew M. White
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cosmin I. Ciotu
- Center
for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Hochrainer
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for
Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nataša Tomašević
- Center
for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Koehbach
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard J. Lewis
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mariana Spetea
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for
Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael J. M. Fischer
- Center
for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christian W. Gruber
- Center
for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Terenius L, Oasa S, Sezgin E, Ma Y, Horne D, Radmiković M, Jovanović-Talisman T, Martin-Fardon R, Vukojevic V. Naltrexone blocks alcohol-induced effects on kappa-opioid receptors in the plasma membrane. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3091960. [PMID: 37503185 PMCID: PMC10371157 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3091960/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX), a homologue of the opiate antidote naloxone, is an orally active long-acting mu-opioid receptor (MOP) antagonist used in the treatment of opiate dependence. NTX is also found to relieve craving for alcohol and is one of the few FDA-approved drugs for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Reports that NTX blocks the actions of endogenous opioids released by alcohol are not convincing, suggesting that NTX interferes with alcohol actions by affecting opioid receptors. MOP and kappa-opioid receptor (KOP) are structurally related but functionally different. MOP is mainly located in interneurons activated by enkephalins while KOP is located in longer projections activated by dynorphins. While the actions of NTX on MOP are well established, the interaction with KOP and addiction is not well understood. We used sensitive fluorescence-based methods to study the influence of alcohol on KOP and the interaction between KOP and NTX. Here we report that alcohol interacts with KOP and its environment in the plasma membrane. These interactions are affected by NTX and are exerted both on KOP directly and on the plasma membrane (lipid) structures ("off-target"). The actions of NTX are stereospecific. Selective KOP antagonists, recently in early clinical trials for major depressive disorder, block the receptor but do not show the full action profile of NTX. The therapeutic effect of NTX treatment in AUD may be due to direct actions on KOP and the receptor environment.
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9
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Sánchez ML, Rodríguez FD, Coveñas R. Involvement of the Opioid Peptide Family in Cancer Progression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1993. [PMID: 37509632 PMCID: PMC10377280 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptides mediate cancer progression favoring the mitogenesis, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, promoting metastasis and anti-apoptotic mechanisms, and facilitating angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis. Tumor cells overexpress peptide receptors, crucial targets for developing specific treatments against cancer cells using peptide receptor antagonists and promoting apoptosis in tumor cells. Opioids exert an antitumoral effect, whereas others promote tumor growth and metastasis. This review updates the findings regarding the involvement of opioid peptides (enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins) in cancer development. Anticancer therapeutic strategies targeting the opioid peptidergic system and the main research lines to be developed regarding the topic reviewed are suggested. There is much to investigate about opioid peptides and cancer: basic information is scarce, incomplete, or absent in many tumors. This knowledge is crucial since promising anticancer strategies could be developed alone or in combination therapies with chemotherapy/radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Lisardo Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco D Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rafael Coveñas
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla and León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Group GIR-USAL: BMD (Bases Moleculares del Desarrollo), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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10
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Shahbazi Nia S, Hossain MA, Ji G, Jonnalagadda SK, Obeng S, Rahman MA, Sifat AE, Nozohouri S, Blackwell C, Patel D, Thompson J, Runyon S, Hiranita T, McCurdy CR, McMahon L, Abbruscato TJ, Trippier PC, Neugebauer V, German NA. Studies on diketopiperazine and dipeptide analogs as opioid receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115309. [PMID: 37054561 PMCID: PMC10634475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Using the structure of gliotoxin as a starting point, we have prepared two different chemotypes with selective affinity to the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Using medicinal chemistry approaches and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, structural features required for the observed affinity were identified, and advanced molecules with favorable Multiparameter Optimization (MPO) and Ligand Lipophilicity (LLE) profiles were prepared. Using the Thermal Place Preference Test (TPPT), we have shown that compound2 blocks the antinociceptive effect of U50488, a known KOR agonist. Multiple reports suggest that modulation of KOR signaling is a promising therapeutic strategy in treating neuropathic pain (NP). As a proof-of-concept study, we tested compound 2 in a rat model of NP and recorded its ability to modulate sensory and emotional pain-related behaviors. Observed in vitro and in vivo results suggest that these ligands can be used to develop compounds with potential application as pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Shahbazi Nia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Samuel Obeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA
| | - Md Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Ali Ehsan Sifat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Collin Blackwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- Office of Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Jon Thompson
- Veterinary School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Scott Runyon
- Reserach Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Takato Hiranita
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lance McMahon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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11
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Vuckovic Z, Wang J, Pham V, Mobbs JI, Belousoff MJ, Bhattarai A, Burger WAC, Thompson G, Yeasmin M, Nawaratne V, Leach K, van der Westhuizen ET, Khajehali E, Liang YL, Glukhova A, Wootten D, Lindsley CW, Tobin A, Sexton P, Danev R, Valant C, Miao Y, Christopoulos A, Thal DM. Pharmacological hallmarks of allostery at the M4 muscarinic receptor elucidated through structure and dynamics. eLife 2023; 12:83477. [PMID: 37248726 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Allosteric modulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a major paradigm in drug discovery. Despite decades of research, a molecular-level understanding of the general principles that govern the myriad pharmacological effects exerted by GPCR allosteric modulators remains limited. The M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M4 mAChR) is a validated and clinically relevant allosteric drug target for several major psychiatric and cognitive disorders. In this study, we rigorously quantified the affinity, efficacy, and magnitude of modulation of two different positive allosteric modulators, LY2033298 (LY298) and VU0467154 (VU154), combined with the endogenous agonist acetylcholine (ACh) or the high-affinity agonist iperoxo (Ipx), at the human M4 mAChR. By determining the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the M4 mAChR, bound to a cognate Gi1 protein and in complex with ACh, Ipx, LY298-Ipx, and VU154-Ipx, and applying molecular dynamics simulations, we determine key molecular mechanisms underlying allosteric pharmacology. In addition to delineating the contribution of spatially distinct binding sites on observed pharmacology, our findings also revealed a vital role for orthosteric and allosteric ligand-receptor-transducer complex stability, mediated by conformational dynamics between these sites, in the ultimate determination of affinity, efficacy, cooperativity, probe dependence, and species variability. There results provide a holistic framework for further GPCR mechanistic studies and can aid in the discovery and design of future allosteric drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziva Vuckovic
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jinan Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | - Vi Pham
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jesse I Mobbs
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Matthew J Belousoff
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Apurba Bhattarai
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | - Wessel A C Burger
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Geoff Thompson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mahmuda Yeasmin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Vindhya Nawaratne
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Katie Leach
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Emma T van der Westhuizen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Elham Khajehali
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yi-Lynn Liang
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Alisa Glukhova
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Denise Wootten
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery and Department of Chemistry, Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Andrew Tobin
- The Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Advanced Research Centre (ARC), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Radostin Danev
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Celine Valant
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yinglong Miao
- Center for Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- Neuromedicines Discovery Centre, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - David M Thal
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
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12
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Asadollahi K, Scott DJ, Gooley PR. NMR applications to GPCR recognition by peptide ligands. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 70:102366. [PMID: 37003111 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2023.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Peptides form the largest group of ligands that modulate the activity of more than 120 different GPCRs. Among which linear disordered peptide ligands usually undergo significant conformational changes upon binding that is essential for receptor recognition and activation. Conformational selection and induced fit are the extreme mechanisms of coupled folding and binding that can be distinguished by analysis of binding pathways by methods that include NMR. However, the large size of GPCRs in membrane-mimetic environments limits NMR applications. In this review, we highlight advances in the field that can be adopted to address coupled folding and binding of peptide ligands to their cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Asadollahi
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel J Scott
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Paul R Gooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia; Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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13
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Rungreungthanapol T, Homma C, Akagi KI, Tanaka M, Kikuchi J, Tomizawa H, Sugizaki Y, Isobayashi A, Hayamizu Y, Okochi M. Volatile Organic Compound Detection by Graphene Field-Effect Transistors Functionalized with Fly Olfactory Receptor Mimetic Peptides. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4556-4563. [PMID: 36802525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
An olfactory receptor mimetic peptide-modified graphene field-effect transistor (gFET) is a promising solution to overcome the principal challenge of low specificity graphene-based sensors for volatile organic compound (VOC) sensing. Herein, peptides mimicking a fruit fly olfactory receptor, OR19a, were designed by a high-throughput analysis method that combines a peptide array and gas chromatography for the sensitive and selective gFET detection of the signature citrus VOC, limonene. The peptide probe was bifunctionalized via linkage of a graphene-binding peptide to facilitate one-step self-assembly on the sensor surface. The limonene-specific peptide probe successfully achieved highly sensitive and selective detection of limonene by gFET, with a detection range of 8-1000 pM, while achieving facile sensor functionalization. Taken together, our target-specific peptide selection and functionalization strategy of a gFET sensor demonstrates advancement of a precise VOC detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharatorn Rungreungthanapol
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Chishu Homma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Akagi
- Environmental Metabolic Analysis Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Jun Kikuchi
- Environmental Metabolic Analysis Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tomizawa
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, 1, Komukai-Toshiba-Cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 212-8583, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugizaki
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, 1, Komukai-Toshiba-Cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 212-8583, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Isobayashi
- Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation, 1, Komukai-Toshiba-Cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki 212-8583, Japan
| | - Yuhei Hayamizu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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14
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Ball HL, Said H, Chapman K, Fu R, Xiong Y, Burk JA, Rosenbaum D, Veneziano R, Cotten ML. Orexin A, an amphipathic α-helical neuropeptide involved in pleiotropic functions in the nervous and immune systems: Synthetic approach and biophysical studies of the membrane-bound state. Biophys Chem 2023; 297:107007. [PMID: 37037119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
This research reports on the membrane interactions of orexin A (OXA), an α-helical and amphipathic neuropeptide that contains 33 residues and two disulfide bonds in the N-terminal region. OXA, which activates the orexins 1 and 2 receptors in neural and immune cell membranes, has essential pleiotropic physiological effects, including at the levels of arousal, sleep/wakefulness, energy balance, neuroprotection, lipid signaling, the inflammatory response, and pain. As a result, the orexin system has become a prominent target to treat diseases such as sleep disorders, drug addiction, and inflammation. While the high-resolution structure of OXA has been investigated in water and bound to micelles, there is a lack of information about its conformation bound to phospholipid membranes and its receptors. NMR is a powerful method to investigate peptide structures in a membrane environment. To facilitate the NMR structural studies of OXA exposed to membranes, we present a novel synthetic scheme, leading to the production of isotopically-labeled material at high purity. A receptor activation assay shows that the 15N-labeled peptide is biologically active. Biophysical studies are performed using surface plasmon resonance, circular dichroism, and NMR to investigate the interactions of OXA with phospholipid bilayers. The results demonstrate a strong interaction between the peptide and phospholipids, an increase in α-helical content upon membrane binding, and an in-plane orientation of the C-terminal region critical to function. This new knowledge about structure-activity relationships in OXA could inspire the design of novel therapeutics that leverage the anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective functions of OXA, and therefore could help address neuroinflammation, a major issue associated with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haydn L Ball
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hooda Said
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Computing, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Karen Chapman
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Yawei Xiong
- Department of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
| | - Joshua A Burk
- Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
| | - Daniel Rosenbaum
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Remi Veneziano
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Computing, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Myriam L Cotten
- Department of Applied Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA.
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15
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Ligands selectively tune the local and global motions of neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS 1). Cell Rep 2023; 42:112015. [PMID: 36680775 PMCID: PMC9930568 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies have revealed that fast methyl sidechain dynamics can report on entropically-driven allostery. Yet, NMR applications have been largely limited to the super-microsecond motional regimes of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We use 13Cε-methionine chemical shift-based global order parameters to test if ligands affect the fast dynamics of a thermostabilized GPCR, neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS1). We establish that the NTS1 solution ensemble includes substates with lifetimes on several, discrete timescales. The longest-lived states reflect those captured in agonist- and inverse agonist-bound crystal structures, separated by large energy barriers. We observe that the rapid fluctuations of individual methionine residues, superimposed on these long-lived states, respond collectively with the degree of fast, global dynamics correlating with ligand pharmacology. This approach lends confidence to interpreting spectra in terms of local structure and methyl dihedral angle geometry. The results suggest a role for sub-microsecond dynamics and conformational entropy in GPCR ligand discrimination.
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16
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Santino F, Gentilucci L. Design of κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists for the Development of Potential Treatments of Pain with Reduced Side Effects. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010346. [PMID: 36615540 PMCID: PMC9822356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The κ-opioid receptor (KOR) has recently emerged as an alternative therapeutic target for the development of pain medications, without deleterious side effects associated with the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). However, modulation of KOR is currently under investigation for the treatment of depression, mood disorders, psychiatric comorbidity, and specific drug addictions. However, KOR agonists also trigger adverse effects including sedation, dysphoria, and hallucinations. In this respect, there is currently much debate on alternative paradigms. Recent effort has been devoted in search of biased ligands capable of selectively activating favorable signaling over signaling associated with unwanted side effects. On the other hand, the use of partial agonists is expected to allow the analgesia to be produced at dosages lower than those required to produce the adverse effects. More empirically, the unwanted central effects can be also avoided by using peripherally restricted agonists. In this review, we discuss the more recent trends in the design of KOR-selective, biased or partial, and finally, peripherally acting agonists. Special emphasis is given on the discussion of the most recent approaches for controlling functional selectivity of KOR-specific ligands.
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17
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Wtorek K, Ghidini A, Gentilucci L, Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk A, Piekielna-Ciesielska J, Ruzza C, Sturaro C, Calò G, Pieretti S, Kluczyk A, McDonald J, Lambert DG, Janecka A. Synthesis, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking of Chimeric Peptides Targeting Opioid and NOP Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12700. [PMID: 36293553 PMCID: PMC9604311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mixed opioid/NOP agonists came to the spotlight for their favorable functional profiles and promising outcomes in clinical trials as novel analgesics. This study reports on two novel chimeric peptides incorporating the fragment Tyr-c[D-Lys-Phe-Phe]Asp-NH2 (RP-170), a cyclic peptide with high affinity for µ and κ opioid receptors (or MOP and KOP, respectively), conjugated with the peptide Ac-RYYRIK-NH2, a known ligand of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP), yielding RP-170-RYYRIK-NH2 (KW-495) and RP-170-Gly3-RYYRIK-NH2 (KW-496). In vitro, the chimeric KW-496 gained affinity for KOP, hence becoming a dual KOP/MOP agonist, while KW-495 behaved as a mixed MOP/NOP agonist with low nM affinity. Hence, KW-495 was selected for further in vivo experiments. Intrathecal administration of this peptide in mice elicited antinociceptive effects in the hot-plate test; this action was sensitive to both the universal opioid receptor antagonist naloxone and the selective NOP antagonist SB-612111. The rotarod test revealed that KW-495 administration did not alter the mice motor coordination performance. Computational studies have been conducted on the two chimeras to investigate the structural determinants at the basis of the experimental activities, including any role of the Gly3 spacer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wtorek
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Alessia Ghidini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Gentilucci
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Ruzza
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Sturaro
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Girolamo Calò
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alicja Kluczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - John McDonald
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK
| | - David G. Lambert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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18
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Gallego-Villarejo L, Wallin C, Król S, Enrich-Bengoa J, Suades A, Aguilella-Arzo M, Gomara MJ, Haro I, Wärmlander S, Muñoz FJ, Gräslund A, Perálvarez-Marín A. Big dynorphin is a neuroprotector scaffold against amyloid β-peptide aggregation and cell toxicity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5672-5679. [PMID: 36284704 PMCID: PMC9582793 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) misfolding into β-sheet structures triggers neurotoxicity inducing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Molecules able to reduce or to impair Aβ aggregation are highly relevant as possible AD treatments since they should protect against Aβ neurotoxicity. We have studied the effects of the interaction of dynorphins, a family of opioid neuropeptides, with Aβ40 the most abundant species of Aβ. Biophysical measurements indicate that Aβ40 interacts with Big Dynorphin (BigDyn), lowering the amount of hydrophobic aggregates, and slowing down the aggregation kinetics. As expected, we found that BigDyn protects against Aβ40 aggregates when studied in human neuroblastoma cells by cell survival assays. The cross-interaction between BigDyn and Aβ40 provides insight into the mechanism of amyloid pathophysiology and may open up new therapy possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gallego-Villarejo
- Unit of Biophysics Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cecilia Wallin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sylwia Król
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Enrich-Bengoa
- Unit of Biophysics Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Suades
- Unit of Biophysics Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcel Aguilella-Arzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Physics, University Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - María José Gomara
- Unitat de Síntesis i Aplicacions Biomèdiques de Pèptids, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabel Haro
- Unitat de Síntesis i Aplicacions Biomèdiques de Pèptids, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastian Wärmlander
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Unit of Biophysics Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain,Corresponding author.
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19
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Mohid SA, Biswas K, Won T, Mallela LS, Gucchait A, Butzke L, Sarkar R, Barkham T, Reif B, Leipold E, Roy S, Misra AK, Lakshminarayanan R, Lee D, Bhunia A. Structural insights into the interaction of antifungal peptides and ergosterol containing fungal membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183996. [PMID: 35753394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of invasive drug-resistant and potentially life-threatening fungal infections is limited to few therapeutic options that are usually associated with severe side effects. The development of new effective antimycotics with a more tolerable side effect profile is therefore of utmost clinical importance. Here, we used a combination of complementary in vitro assays and structural analytical methods to analyze the interaction of the de novo antimicrobial peptide VG16KRKP with the sterol moieties of biological cell membranes. We demonstrate that VG16KRKP disturbs the structural integrity of fungal membranes both invitro and in model membrane system containing ergosterol along with phosphatidylethanolamine lipid and exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity. As revealed by systematic structure-function analysis of mutated VG16KRKP analogs, a specific pattern of basic and hydrophobic amino acid side chains in the primary peptide sequence determines the selectivity of VG16KRKP for fungal specific membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Abdul Mohid
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Salt Lake, EN 80, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Karishma Biswas
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Salt Lake, EN 80, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - TaeJun Won
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Lakshmi S Mallela
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Arin Gucchait
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Salt Lake, EN 80, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Lena Butzke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Timothy Barkham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore
| | - Bernd Reif
- Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Enrico Leipold
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care & Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India
| | - Anup K Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Salt Lake, EN 80, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | | | - DongKuk Lee
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Salt Lake, EN 80, Sector V, Kolkata 700091, India.
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20
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Zhu L, Zhao H, Wang Y, Yu C, Liu J, Li L, Li Z, Zhang J, Dai H, Wang J, Zhu L. Solubilization, purification, and ligand binding characterization of G protein-coupled receptor SMO in native membrane bilayer using styrene maleic acid copolymer. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13381. [PMID: 35529497 PMCID: PMC9074879 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoothened (SMO) protein is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that is involved in the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. It is a putative target for treating various cancers, including medulloblastoma and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Characterizing membrane proteins such as SMO in their native state is highly beneficial for the development of effective pharmaceutical drugs, as their structures and functions are retained to the highest extent in this state. Therefore, although SMO protein is conventionally solubilized in detergent micelles, incorporating the protein in a lipid-based membrane mimic is still required. In this study, we used styrene maleic acid (SMA) copolymer that directly extracted membrane protein and surrounding lipids as well as formed the so-called polymer nanodiscs, to solubilize and purify the SMO transmembrane domain encapsulated by SMA-nanodiscs. The obtained SMA-nanodiscs showed high homogeneity and maintained the physiological activity of SMO protein, thereby enabling the measurement of the dissociation constant (Kd) for SMO ligands SMO-ligands Shh Signaling Antagonist V (SANT-1) and Smoothened Agonist (SAG) using ligand-based solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This work paves the way for investigating the structure, function, and drug development of SMO proteins in a native-like lipid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China,High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hongxin Zhao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chuandi Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Li
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zehua Li
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Han Dai
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China,High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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21
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G Protein-coupled Receptor (GPCR) Reconstitution and Labeling for Solution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Studies of the Structural Basis of Transmembrane Signaling. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092658. [PMID: 35566006 PMCID: PMC9101874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large membrane protein family found in higher organisms, including the human body. GPCRs mediate cellular responses to diverse extracellular stimuli and thus control key physiological functions, which makes them important targets for drug design. Signaling by GPCRs is related to the structure and dynamics of these proteins, which are modulated by extrinsic ligands as well as by intracellular binding partners such as G proteins and arrestins. Here, we review some basics of using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in solution for the characterization of GPCR conformations and intermolecular interactions that relate to transmembrane signaling.
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22
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Montelukast, cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, inhibits cardiac fibrosis by activating APJ. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 923:174892. [PMID: 35358494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Montelukast, cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1R) antagonist, is used clinically for patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), and allergic rhinitis. It has been reported that CysLT1R antagonists could reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases in animal studies. Cardiac fibrosis is one of the major causes of heart failure. But little is known about the role of Montelukast in cardiac fibrosis and its underlying mechanism. In transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice, Montelukast improved cardiac pumping function and inhibited cardiac fibrosis by down-regulation of the proteins related to the fibrosis, such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β), and Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Montelukast reduced cell proliferation and collagen production in neonatal cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) with the pretreatment of 20% serum, while down-regulating the expression of TGF-β, CTGF and α-SMA. Molecules docking methods estimated a high affinity of Montelukast to Apelin receptor (APJ) and an effective chemical structure for Montelukast binding APJ. In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with stable overexpressing APJ, Montelukast inhibited forskolin (1 μM)-mediated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, while these effects were reversed by pertussis toxin (PTX) pretreatment. APJ silence disrupted the effects of Montelukast in CFs pretreatment by serum 20%. So we concluded that Montelukast inhibited cardiac fibrosis due presumably to the coupling to the APJ-mediated Gi signaling pathway, which may be a promising therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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23
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Structural and functional diversity among agonist-bound states of the GLP-1 receptor. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:256-263. [PMID: 34937906 PMCID: PMC8950777 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00945-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structural elucidation have strengthened previous hypotheses that multidimensional signal propagation mediated by these receptors depends, in part, on their conformational mobility; however, the relationship between receptor function and static structures is inherently uncertain. Here, we examine the contribution of peptide agonist conformational plasticity to activation of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R), an important clinical target. We use variants of the peptides GLP-1 and exendin-4 (Ex4) to explore the interplay between helical propensity near the agonist N terminus and the ability to bind to and activate the receptor. Cryo-EM analysis of a complex involving an Ex4 analog, the GLP-1R and Gs heterotrimer revealed two receptor conformers with distinct modes of peptide-receptor engagement. Our functional and structural data, along with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, suggest that receptor conformational dynamics associated with flexibility of the peptide N-terminal activation domain may be a key determinant of agonist efficacy.
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24
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Perini DA, Aguilella-Arzo M, Alcaraz A, Perálvarez-Marín A, Queralt-Martín M. Dynorphin A induces membrane permeabilization by formation of proteolipidic pores. Insights from electrophysiology and computational simulations. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:230-240. [PMID: 35024095 PMCID: PMC8718563 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynorphins are endogenous neuropeptides that function as ligands for the κ-opioid receptor. In addition to opioid activity, dynorphins can induce several pathological effects such as neurological dysfunctions and cell death. Previous studies have suggested that Dynorphin A (DynA) mediates some pathogenic actions through formation of transient pores in lipid domains of the plasma membrane. Here, we use planar bilayer electrophysiology to show that DynA induces pore formation in negatively charged membranes. We find a large variability in pore conformations showing equilibrium conductance fluctuations, what disregards electroporation as the dominant mechanism of pore formation. Ion selectivity measurements showing cationic selectivity indicate that positive protein charges of DynA are stabilized by phosphatidyl serine negative charges in the formation of combined structures. We complement our study with computational simulations that assess the stability of diverse peptide arrangements in the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. We show that DynA is capable of assembling in charged membranes to form water-filled pores that conduct ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aurora Perini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics. Department of Physics. Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Marcel Aguilella-Arzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics. Department of Physics. Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Antonio Alcaraz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics. Department of Physics. Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - María Queralt-Martín
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics. Department of Physics. Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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25
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Vu O, Bender BJ, Pankewitz L, Huster D, Beck-Sickinger AG, Meiler J. The Structural Basis of Peptide Binding at Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010210. [PMID: 35011444 PMCID: PMC8746363 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest membrane protein family and a significant target class for therapeutics. Receptors from GPCRs’ largest class, class A, influence virtually every aspect of human physiology. About 45% of the members of this family endogenously bind flexible peptides or peptides segments within larger protein ligands. While many of these peptides have been structurally characterized in their solution state, the few studies of peptides in their receptor-bound state suggest that these peptides interact with a shared set of residues and undergo significant conformational changes. For the purpose of understanding binding dynamics and the development of peptidomimetic drug compounds, further studies should investigate the peptide ligands that are complexed to their cognate receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oanh Vu
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Brian Joseph Bender
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lisa Pankewitz
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16–18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Jens Meiler
- Deparment of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (B.J.B.); (L.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Institute for Drug Discovery, Departments of Chemistry and Computer Science, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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26
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Functional Characterization of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Associated Dynorphin A Mutant Peptides. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121882. [PMID: 34944698 PMCID: PMC8698333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the prodynorphin gene (PDYN) are associated with the development of spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 (SCA23). Pathogenic missense mutations are localized predominantly in the PDYN region coding for the dynorphin A (DynA) neuropeptide and lead to persistently elevated mutant peptide levels with neurotoxic properties. The main DynA target in the central nervous system is the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family, which can elicit signaling cascades mediated by G-protein dissociation as well as β-arrestin recruitment. To date, a thorough analysis of the functional profile for the pathogenic SCA23 DynA mutants at KOR is still missing. To elucidate the role of DynA mutants, we used a combination of assays to investigate the differential activation of G-protein subunits and β-arrestin. In addition, we applied molecular modelling techniques to provide a rationale for the underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrate that DynA mutations, associated with a severe ataxic phenotype, decrease potency of KOR activation, both for G-protein dissociation as well as β-arrestin recruitment. Molecular modelling suggests that this loss of function is due to disruption of critical interactions between DynA and the receptor. In conclusion, this study advances our understanding of KOR signal transduction upon DynA wild type or mutant peptide binding.
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27
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Leisle L, Margreiter M, Ortega-Ramírez A, Cleuvers E, Bachmann M, Rossetti G, Gründer S. Dynorphin Neuropeptides Decrease Apparent Proton Affinity of ASIC1a by Occluding the Acidic Pocket. J Med Chem 2021; 64:13299-13311. [PMID: 34461722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged acidosis, as it occurs during ischemic stroke, induces neuronal death via acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a). Concomitantly, it desensitizes ASIC1a, highlighting the pathophysiological significance of modulators of ASIC1a acid sensitivity. One such modulator is the opioid neuropeptide big dynorphin (Big Dyn) which binds to ASIC1a and enhances its activity during prolonged acidosis. The molecular determinants and dynamics of this interaction remain unclear, however. Here, we present a molecular interaction model showing a dynorphin peptide inserting deep into the acidic pocket of ASIC1a. We confirmed experimentally that the interaction is predominantly driven by electrostatic forces, and using noncanonical amino acids as photo-cross-linkers, we identified 16 residues in ASIC1a contributing to Big Dyn binding. Covalently tethering Big Dyn to its ASIC1a binding site dramatically decreased the proton sensitivity of channel activation, suggesting that Big Dyn stabilizes a resting conformation of ASIC1a and dissociates from its binding site during channel opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Leisle
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Margreiter
- Computational Biomedicine-Institute for Advanced Simulation/Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Elinor Cleuvers
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michèle Bachmann
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine-Institute for Advanced Simulation/Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Supercomputing Center (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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28
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High-throughput characterization of photocrosslinker-bearing ion channel variants to map residues critical for function and pharmacology. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001321. [PMID: 34491979 PMCID: PMC8448361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) can endow proteins with novel functionalities, such as crosslinking or fluorescence. In ion channels, the function of these variants can be studied with great precision using standard electrophysiology, but this approach is typically labor intensive and low throughput. Here, we establish a high-throughput protocol to conduct functional and pharmacological investigations of ncAA-containing human acid-sensing ion channel 1a (hASIC1a) variants in transiently transfected mammalian cells. We introduce 3 different photocrosslinking ncAAs into 103 positions and assess the function of the resulting 309 variants with automated patch clamp (APC). We demonstrate that the approach is efficient and versatile, as it is amenable to assessing even complex pharmacological modulation by peptides. The data show that the acidic pocket is a major determinant for current decay, and live-cell crosslinking provides insight into the hASIC1a–psalmotoxin 1 (PcTx1) interaction. Further, we provide evidence that the protocol can be applied to other ion channels, such as P2X2 and GluA2 receptors. We therefore anticipate the approach to enable future APC-based studies of ncAA-containing ion channels in mammalian cells. This study describes a method to rapidly screen hundreds of ion channel variants containing non-canonical amino acids. A proof-of-principle introducing photocrosslinking non-canonical amino acids into the human ion channel hASIC1a shows how this approach can provide insights into function and pharmacology.
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29
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Zaidi SA, Katritch V. Structural Characterization of KOR Inactive and Active States for 3D Pharmacology and Drug Discovery. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 271:41-64. [PMID: 33945028 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the human kappa opioid receptor (KOR) in complex with the long-acting antagonist JDTic was solved crystallographically in 2012 and, along with structures of other opioid receptors, revolutionized our understanding of opioid system function and pharmacology. More recently, active state KOR structure was also determined, giving important insights into activation mechanisms of the receptor. In this review, we will discuss how the understanding of atomistic structures of KOR established a key platform for deciphering details of subtype and functional selectivity of KOR-targeting ligands and for discovery of new chemical probes with potentially beneficial pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, USC Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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30
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Hilger D. The role of structural dynamics in GPCR‐mediated signaling. FEBS J 2021; 288:2461-2489. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hilger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Philipps‐University Marburg Germany
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31
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Abstract
Opioids such as morphine and oxycodone are analgesics frequently prescribed for the treatment of moderate or severe pain. Unfortunately, these medications are associated with exceptionally high abuse potentials and often cause fatal side effects, mainly through the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). Efforts to discover novel, safer, and more efficacious analgesics targeting MOR have encountered challenges. In this review, we summarize alternative strategies and targets that could be used to develop safer nonopioid analgesics. A molecular understanding of G protein-coupled receptor activation and signaling has illuminated not only the complexities of receptor pharmacology but also the potential for pathway-selective agonists and allosteric modulators as safer medications. The availability of structures of pain-related receptors, in combination with high-throughput computational tools, has accelerated the discovery of multitarget ligands with promising pharmacological profiles. Emerging clinical evidence also supports the notion that drugs targeting peripheral opioid receptors have potential as improved analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA; .,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
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32
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Huang B, Gunta R, Wang H, Li M, Cao D, Mendez RE, Gillespie JC, Chen C, Huang LHM, Liu-Chen LY, Selley DE, Zhang Y. Verifying the role of 3-hydroxy of 17-cyclopropylmethyl-4,5α-epoxy-3,14β-dihydroxy-6β-[(4'-pyridyl) carboxamido]morphinan derivatives via their binding affinity and selectivity profiles on opioid receptors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104702. [PMID: 33631465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the role of 3-hydroxy group of a series of epoxymorphinan derivatives in their binding affinity and selectivity profiles toward the opioid receptors (ORs) has been investigated. It was found that the 3-hydroxy group was crucial for the binding affinity of these derivatives for all three ORs due to the fact that all the analogues 1a-e exhibited significantly higher binding affinities compared to their counterpart 3-dehydroxy ones 6a-e. Meanwhile most compounds carrying the 3-hydroxy group possessed similar selectivity profiles for the kappa opioid receptor over the mu opioid receptor as their corresponding 3-dehydroxy derivatives. [35S]-GTPγS functional assay results indicated that the 3-hydroxy group of these epoxymorphinan derivatives was important for maintaining their potency on the ORs with various effects. Further molecular modeling studies helped comprehend the remarkably different binding affinity and functional profiles between compound 1c (NCP) and its 3-dehydroxy analogue 6c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Rama Gunta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Huiqun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Mengchu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Danni Cao
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 851, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Rolando E Mendez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - James C Gillespie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Chongguang Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 851, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Lan-Hsuan M Huang
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 851, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen
- Center for Substance Abuse Research and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3500 North Broad Street, MERB 851, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Dana E Selley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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33
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GRKs as Key Modulators of Opioid Receptor Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112400. [PMID: 33147802 PMCID: PMC7692057 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the link between agonist-induced phosphorylation of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) and the associated physiological effects is critical for the development of novel analgesic drugs and is particularly important for understanding the mechanisms responsible for opioid-induced tolerance and addiction. The family of G protein receptor kinases (GRKs) play a pivotal role in such processes, mediating phosphorylation of residues at the C-tail of opioid receptors. Numerous strategies, such as phosphosite specific antibodies and mass spectrometry have allowed the detection of phosphorylated residues and the use of mutant knock-in mice have shed light on the role of GRK regulation in opioid receptor physiology. Here we review our current understanding on the role of GRKs in the actions of opioid receptors, with a particular focus on the MOR, the target of most commonly used opioid analgesics such as morphine or fentanyl.
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34
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Wang Y, Hilty C. Amplification of Nuclear Overhauser Effect Signals by Hyperpolarization for Screening of Ligand Binding to Immobilized Target Proteins. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13718-13723. [PMID: 32897681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immobilization of a target protein enhances the cross-relaxation rates for transfer of nuclear spin polarization but reduces the accessible target concentration. Hyperpolarization of ligand spins by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) is shown to increase sensitivity for observing the intraligand nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE). This effect, also known as the transferred NOE (trNOE), can be used for detection of binding and for obtaining binding-related structural information. The measurement of hyperpolarized trNOE signals is demonstrated for the ligand 4'-hydroxyazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid interacting with avidin protein immobilized on polystyrene beads. In a sample containing 63.5 μM ligands and 0.83 μM accessible protein binding sites, the signal enhancement provided by D-DNP leads to single-scan detection of the NOE buildup, despite that this signal peaks at only 2% of the total ligand signal. These buildup curves allow the confirmation of binding through a change in the sign of the NOE and the quantitative determination of cross-relaxation rates. The combination of the D-DNP technique and protein immobilization may facilitate the identification of intraligand NOEs in ligand screening for drug discovery. The same method may be applied to in vivo characterization of ligand interactions with cell surface proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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35
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Matalińska J, Lipiński PFJ, Kosson P, Kosińska K, Misicka A. In Vivo, In Vitro and In Silico Studies of the Hybrid Compound AA3266, an Opioid Agonist/NK1R Antagonist with Selective Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7738. [PMID: 33086743 PMCID: PMC7588979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AA3266 is a hybrid compound consisting of opioid receptor agonist and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) antagonist pharmacophores. It was designed with the desire to have an analgesic molecule with improved properties and auxiliary anticancer activity. Previously, the compound was found to exhibit high affinity for μ- and δ-opioid receptors, while moderate binding to NK1R. In the presented contribution, we report on a deeper investigation of this hybrid. In vivo, we have established that AA3266 has potent antinociceptive activity in acute pain model, comparable to that of morphine. Desirably, with prolonged administration, our hybrid induces less tolerance than morphine does. AA3266, contrary to morphine, does not cause development of constipation, which is one of the main undesirable effects of opioid use. In vitro, we have confirmed relatively strong cytotoxic activity on a few selected cancer cell lines, similar to or greater than that of a reference NK1R antagonist, aprepitant. Importantly, our compound affects normal cells to smaller extent what makes our compound more selective against cancer cells. In silico methods, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations and fragment molecular orbital calculations, have been used to investigate the interactions of AA3266 with MOR and NK1R. Insights from these will guide structural optimization of opioid/antitachykinin hybrid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Piotr F. J. Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kosińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.K.); (A.M.)
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36
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Capturing Peptide-GPCR Interactions and Their Dynamics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204724. [PMID: 33076289 PMCID: PMC7587574 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many biological functions of peptides are mediated through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Upon ligand binding, GPCRs undergo conformational changes that facilitate the binding and activation of multiple effectors. GPCRs regulate nearly all physiological processes and are a favorite pharmacological target. In particular, drugs are sought after that elicit the recruitment of selected effectors only (biased ligands). Understanding how ligands bind to GPCRs and which conformational changes they induce is a fundamental step toward the development of more efficient and specific drugs. Moreover, it is emerging that the dynamic of the ligand–receptor interaction contributes to the specificity of both ligand recognition and effector recruitment, an aspect that is missing in structural snapshots from crystallography. We describe here biochemical and biophysical techniques to address ligand–receptor interactions in their structural and dynamic aspects, which include mutagenesis, crosslinking, spectroscopic techniques, and mass-spectrometry profiling. With a main focus on peptide receptors, we present methods to unveil the ligand–receptor contact interface and methods that address conformational changes both in the ligand and the GPCR. The presented studies highlight a wide structural heterogeneity among peptide receptors, reveal distinct structural changes occurring during ligand binding and a surprisingly high dynamics of the ligand–GPCR complexes.
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37
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Bumbak F, Thomas T, Noonan-Williams BJ, Vaid TM, Yan F, Whitehead AR, Bruell S, Kocan M, Tan X, Johnson MA, Bathgate RAD, Chalmers DK, Gooley PR, Scott DJ. Conformational Changes in Tyrosine 11 of Neurotensin Are Required to Activate the Neurotensin Receptor 1. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:690-705. [PMID: 32832871 PMCID: PMC7432660 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication via endogenous peptides and their receptors is vital for controlling all aspects of human physiology and most peptides signal through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Disordered peptides bind GPCRs through complex modes for which there are few representative crystal structures. The disordered peptide neurotensin (NT) is a neuromodulator of classical neurotransmitters such as dopamine and glutamate, through activation of neurotensin receptor 1 (NTS1). While several experimental structures show how NT binds NTS1, details about the structural dynamics of NT during and after binding NTS1, or the role of peptide dynamics on receptor activation, remain obscure. Here saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR revealed that the binding mode of NT fragment NT10-13 is heterogeneous. Epitope maps of NT10-13 at NTS1 suggested that tyrosine 11 (Y11) samples other conformations to those observed in crystal structures of NT-bound NTS1. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirmed that when NT is bound to NTS1, residue Y11 can exist in two χ1 rotameric states, gauche plus (g+) or gauche minus (g-). Since only the g+ Y11 state is observed in all the structures solved to date, we asked if the g- state is important for receptor activation. NT analogues with Y11 replaced with 7-OH-Tic were synthesized to restrain the dynamics of the side chain. P(OH-TIC)IL bound NTS1 with the same affinity as NT10-13 but did not activate NTS1, instead acted as an antagonist. This study highlights that flexibility of Y11 in NT may be required for NT activation of NTS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bumbak
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21
Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Trayder Thomas
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Billy J. Noonan-Williams
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tasneem M. Vaid
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21
Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Fei Yan
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21
Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Alice R. Whitehead
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shoni Bruell
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Martina Kocan
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- The School
of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Xuan Tan
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama
at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1240, United States
| | - Margaret A. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Alabama
at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1240, United States
| | - Ross A. D. Bathgate
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David K. Chalmers
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash
University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Paul R. Gooley
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21
Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel J. Scott
- The
Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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38
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Structural biology of human GPCR drugs and endogenous ligands - insights from NMR spectroscopy. Methods 2020; 180:79-88. [PMID: 32911074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class of "druggable" proteins in the human genome. For more than a decade, crystal structures and, more recently, cryoEM structures of GPCR complexes have provided unprecedented insight into GPCR drug binding and cell signaling. Nevertheless, structure determination of receptors in complexes with weakly binding molecules or complex polypeptides remains especially challenging, including for hormones, many of which have so far eluded researchers. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has emerged as a promising approach to determine structures of ligands bound to their receptors and to provide insights into the dynamics of GPCR-bound drugs. The capability to investigate compounds with weak binding affinities has also been leveraged in NMR applications to identify novel lead compounds in drug screening campaigns. We review recent structural biology studies of GPCR ligands by NMR, highlighting new methodologies enabling studies of GPCRs with native sequences and in native-like membrane environments that provide insights into important drugs and endogenous ligands.
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39
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Zhao B, Li W, Sun L, Fu W. The Use of Computational Approaches in the Discovery and Mechanism Study of Opioid Analgesics. Front Chem 2020; 8:335. [PMID: 32500054 PMCID: PMC7242749 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid receptors that belong to class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are vital in pain control. In the past few years, published high-resolution crystal structures of opioid receptor laid a solid basis for both experimental and computational studies. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) has been established as a powerful tool for discovering novel lead compounds and for understanding activation mechanism of target receptors. Herein, we reviewed the computational-guided studies on opioid receptors for the discovery of new analgesics, the structural basis of receptor subtype selectivity, agonist interaction mechanism, and biased signaling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangyi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Shijiazhuang No. 4 Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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40
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Park SH, Lee JH. Dynamic G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Probed by Solution NMR Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2020; 59:1065-1080. [PMID: 32092261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for investigating various dynamic features of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. In this Perspective, we focus on NMR techniques to characterize ligand-dependent conformational dynamics of GPCRs as well as the interaction of GPCRs with their environment and ligands. We also describe circumstances under which each technique should be applied, their advantages and disadvantages, and how they can be combined with other strategies to deepen the understanding of GPCR signaling at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Hee Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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41
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Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-gated cation channels that contribute to neurotransmission, as well as initiation of pain and neuronal death following ischemic stroke. As such, there is a great interest in understanding the in vivo regulation of ASICs, especially by endogenous neuropeptides that potently modulate ASICs. The most potent endogenous ASIC modulator known to date is the opioid neuropeptide big dynorphin (BigDyn). BigDyn is up-regulated in chronic pain and increases ASIC-mediated neuronal death during acidosis. Understanding the mechanism and site of action of BigDyn on ASICs could thus enable the rational design of compounds potentially useful in the treatment of pain and ischemic stroke. To this end, we employ a combination of electrophysiology, voltage-clamp fluorometry, synthetic BigDyn analogs, and noncanonical amino acid-mediated photocrosslinking. We demonstrate that BigDyn binding results in an ASIC1a closed resting conformation that is distinct from open and desensitized states induced by protons. Using alanine-substituted BigDyn analogs, we find that the BigDyn modulation of ASIC1a is primarily mediated through electrostatic interactions of basic amino acids in the BigDyn N terminus. Furthermore, neutralizing acidic amino acids in the ASIC1a extracellular domain reduces BigDyn effects, suggesting a binding site at the acidic pocket. This is confirmed by photocrosslinking using the noncanonical amino acid azidophenylalanine. Overall, our data define the mechanism of how BigDyn modulates ASIC1a, identify the acidic pocket as the binding site for BigDyn, and thus highlight this cavity as an important site for the development of ASIC-targeting therapeutics.
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42
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Giusti F, Casiraghi M, Point E, Damian M, Rieger J, Bon CL, Pozza A, Moncoq K, Banères JL, Catoire LJ. Structure of the agonist 12-HHT in its BLT2 receptor-bound state. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2630. [PMID: 32060341 PMCID: PMC7021728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
G Protein-Coupled receptors represent the main communicating pathway for signals from the outside to the inside of most of eukaryotic cells. They define the largest family of integral membrane receptors at the surface of the cells and constitute the main target of the current drugs on the market. The low affinity leukotriene receptor BLT2 is a receptor involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways and can be activated by various unsaturated fatty acid compounds. We present here the NMR structure of the agonist 12-HHT in its BLT2-bound state and a model of interaction of the ligand with the receptor based on a conformational homology modeling associated with docking simulations. Put into perspective with the data obtained with leukotriene B4, our results illuminate the ligand selectivity of BLT2 and may help define new molecules to modulate the activity of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Giusti
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.,Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule, ICSM UMR 5257, Site de Marcoule, Bâtiment 426, BP 17171, F-30207, Bagnols sur Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Marina Casiraghi
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 279 Campus Drive, 94305, Stanford California, USA
| | - Elodie Point
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Damian
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, , 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex, 05, France
| | - Christel Le Bon
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Pozza
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Karine Moncoq
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Banères
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, , 15 av. Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent J Catoire
- Laboratoire de Biologie Physico-Chimique des Protéines Membranaires, UMR 7099, CNRS/Université de Paris, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (FRC 550), 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Molecular Basis of Opioid Action: From Structures to New Leads. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:6-14. [PMID: 31653480 PMCID: PMC6898784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the isolation of morphine from the opium poppy over 200 years ago, the molecular basis of opioid action has remained the subject of intense inquiry. The identification of specific receptors responsible for opioid function and the discovery of many chemically diverse molecules with unique opioid-like efficacies have provided glimpses into the molecular logic of opioid action. Recent revolutions in the structural biology of transmembrane proteins have, for the first time, yielded high-resolution views into the 3-dimensional shapes of all 4 opioid receptors. These studies have begun to decode the chemical logic that enables opioids to specifically bind and activate their receptor targets. A combination of spectroscopic experiments and computational simulations has provided a view into the molecular movements of the opioid receptors, which itself gives rise to the complex opioid pharmacology observed at the cellular and behavioral levels. Further diversity in opioid receptor structure is driven by both genetic variation and receptor oligomerization. These insights have enabled computational drug discovery efforts, with some evidence of success in the design of completely novel opioids with unique efficacies. The combined progress over the past few years provides hope for new, efficacious opioids devoid of the side effects that have made them the scourge of humanity for millennia.
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44
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Structure and dynamics of G protein-coupled receptor-bound ghrelin reveal the critical role of the octanoyl chain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:17525-17530. [PMID: 31416915 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905105116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin plays a central role in controlling major biological processes. As for other G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) peptide agonists, the structure and dynamics of ghrelin bound to its receptor remain obscure. Using a combination of solution-state NMR and molecular modeling, we demonstrate that binding to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor is accompanied by a conformational change in ghrelin that structures its central region, involving the formation of a well-defined hydrophobic core. By comparing its acylated and nonacylated forms, we conclude that the ghrelin octanoyl chain is essential to form the hydrophobic core and promote access of ghrelin to the receptor ligand-binding pocket. The combination of coarse-grained molecular dynamics studies and NMR should prove useful in improving our mechanistic understanding of the complex conformational space explored by a natural peptide agonist when binding to its GPCR. Such information should also facilitate the design of new ghrelin receptor-selective drugs.
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45
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Roth BL. How structure informs and transforms chemogenetics. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 57:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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NMR investigation of protein-ligand interactions for G-protein coupled receptors. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1811-1825. [PMID: 31287732 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we report NMR studies of ligand-GPCR interactions, including both ligand-observed and protein-observed NMR experiments. Published studies exemplify how NMR can be used as a powerful tool to design novel GPCR ligands and investigate the ligand-induced conformational changes of GPCRs. The strength of NMR also lies in its capability to explore the diverse signaling pathways and probe the allosteric modulation of these highly dynamic receptors. By offering unique opportunities for the identification, structural and functional characterization of GPCR ligands, NMR will likely play a major role for the generation of novel molecules both as new tools for the understanding of the GPCR function and as therapeutic compounds for a large diversity of pathologies.
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47
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Mores KL, Cummins BR, Cassell RJ, van Rijn RM. A Review of the Therapeutic Potential of Recently Developed G Protein-Biased Kappa Agonists. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:407. [PMID: 31057409 PMCID: PMC6478756 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Between 2000 and 2005 several studies revealed that morphine is more potent and exhibits fewer side effects in beta-arrestin 2 knockout mice. These findings spurred efforts to develop opioids that signal primarily via G protein activation and do not, or only very weakly, recruit beta-arrestin. Development of such molecules targeting the mu opioid receptor initially outpaced those targeting the kappa, delta and nociceptin opioid receptors, with the G protein-biased mu opioid agonist oliceridine/TRV130 having completed phase III clinical trials with improved therapeutic window to treat moderate-to-severe acute pain. Recently however, there has been a sharp increase in the development of novel G protein-biased kappa agonists. It is hypothesized that G protein-biased kappa agonists can reduce pain and itch, but exhibit fewer side effects, such as anhedonia and psychosis, that have thus far limited the clinical development of unbiased kappa opioid agonists. Here we summarize recently discovered G protein-biased kappa agonists, comparing structures, degree of signal bias and preclinical effects. We specifically reviewed nalfurafine, 22-thiocyanatosalvinorin A (RB-64), mesyl-salvinorin B, 2-(4-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-5-((4-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)thio)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridine (triazole 1.1), 3-(2-((cyclopropylmethyl)(phenethyl)amino)ethyl)phenol (HS666), N-n-butyl-N-phenylethyl-N-3-hydroxyphenylethyl-amine (compound 5/BPHA), 6-guanidinonaltrindole (6′GNTI), and collybolide. These agonists encompass a variety of chemical scaffolds and range in both their potency and efficacy in terms of G protein signaling and beta-arrestin recruitment. Thus unsurprisingly, the behavioral responses reported for these agonists are not uniform. Yet, it is our conclusion that the kappa opioid field will benefit tremendously from future studies that compare several biased agonists and correlate the degree of signaling bias to a particular pharmacological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall L Mores
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Benjamin R Cummins
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Robert J Cassell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Richard M van Rijn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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48
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Bender BJ, Vortmeier G, Ernicke S, Bosse M, Kaiser A, Els-Heindl S, Krug U, Beck-Sickinger A, Meiler J, Huster D. Structural Model of Ghrelin Bound to its G Protein-Coupled Receptor. Structure 2019; 27:537-544.e4. [PMID: 30686667 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The peptide ghrelin targets the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR) to signal changes in cell metabolism and is a sought-after therapeutic target, although no structure is known to date. To investigate the structural basis of ghrelin binding to GHSR, we used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, site-directed mutagenesis, and Rosetta modeling. The use of saturation transfer difference NMR identified key residues in the peptide for receptor binding beyond the known motif. This information combined with assignment of the secondary structure of ghrelin in its receptor-bound state was incorporated into Rosetta using an approach that accounts for flexible binding partners. The NMR data and models revealed an extended binding surface that was confirmed via mutagenesis. Our results agree with a growing evidence of peptides interacting via two sites at G protein-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Joseph Bender
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gerrit Vortmeier
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Ernicke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mathias Bosse
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anette Kaiser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Els-Heindl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Krug
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annette Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Department, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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Placzek MS, Schroeder FA, Che T, Wey HY, Neelamegam R, Wang C, Roth BL, Hooker JM. Discrepancies in Kappa Opioid Agonist Binding Revealed through PET Imaging. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:384-395. [PMID: 30212182 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kappa opioid receptor (KOR) modulation has been pursued in many conceptual frameworks for the treatment of human pain, depression, and anxiety. As such, several imaging tools have been developed to characterize the density of KORs in the human brain and its occupancy by exogenous drug-like compounds. While exploring the pharmacology of KOR tool compounds using positron emission tomography (PET), we observed discrepancies in the apparent competition binding as measured by changes in binding potential (BPND, binding potential with respect to non-displaceable uptake). This prompted us to systematically look at the relationships between baseline BPND maps for three common KOR PET radioligands, the antagonists [11C]LY2795050 and [11C]LY2459989, and the agonist [11C]GR103545. We then measured changes in BPND using kappa antagonists (naloxone, naltrexone, LY2795050, JDTic, nor-BNI), and found BPND was affected similarly between [11C]GR103545 and [11C]LY2459989. Longitudinal PET studies with nor-BNI and JDTic were also examined, and we observed a persistent decrease in [11C]GR103545 BPND up to 25 days after drug administration for both nor-BNI and JDTic. Kappa agonists were also administered, and butorphan and GR89696 (racemic GR103545) impacted binding to comparable levels between the two radiotracers. Of greatest significance, kappa agonists salvinorin A and U-50488 caused dramatic reductions in [11C]GR103545 BPND but did not change [11C]LY2459989 binding. This discrepancy was further examined in dose-response studies with each radiotracer as well as in vitro binding experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Placzek
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Frederick A. Schroeder
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Ramesh Neelamegam
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Jacob M. Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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Ferré G, Czaplicki G, Demange P, Milon A. Structure and dynamics of dynorphin peptide and its receptor. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2019; 111:17-47. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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