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Fiala GJ, Lücke J, Huber S. Pro- and antitumorigenic functions of γδ T cells. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2451070. [PMID: 38803018 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
γδ T cells are a subset of T cells that are characterized by the expression of a TCR-γδ instead of a TCR-αβ. Despite being outnumbered by their αβ T cell counterpart in many tissues, studies from the last 20 years underline their important and non-redundant roles in tumor and metastasis development. However, whether a γδ T cell exerts pro- or antitumorigenic effects seems to depend on a variety of factors, many of them still incompletely understood today. In this review, we summarize mechanisms by which γδ T cells exert these seemingly contradictory effector functions in mice and humans. Furthermore, we discuss the current view on inducing and inhibiting factors of γδ T cells during cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina J Fiala
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies BIOSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jöran Lücke
- Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- Section of Molecular Immunology and Gastroenterology, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Sanchez Sanchez G, Emmrich S, Georga M, Papadaki A, Kossida S, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V, Vermijlen D. Invariant γδTCR natural killer-like effector T cells in the naked mole-rat. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4248. [PMID: 38762584 PMCID: PMC11102460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is a long-lived rodent species showing resistance to the development of cancer. Although naked mole-rats have been reported to lack natural killer (NK) cells, γδ T cell-based immunity has been suggested in this species, which could represent an important arm of the immune system for antitumor responses. Here, we investigate the biology of these unconventional T cells in peripheral tissues (blood, spleen) and thymus of the naked mole-rat at different ages by TCR repertoire profiling and single-cell gene expression analysis. Using our own TCR annotation in the naked mole-rat genome, we report that the γδ TCR repertoire is dominated by a public invariant Vγ4-2/Vδ1-4 TCR, containing the complementary-determining-region-3 (CDR3)γ CTYWDSNYAKKLF / CDR3δ CALWELRTGGITAQLVF that are likely generated by short-homology-repeat-driven DNA rearrangements. This invariant TCR is specifically found in γδ T cells expressing genes associated with NK cytotoxicity and is generated in both the thoracic and cervical thymus of the naked mole-rat until adult life. Our results indicate that invariant Vγ4-2/Vδ1-4 NK-like effector T cells in the naked mole-rat can contribute to tumor immunosurveillance by γδ TCR-mediated recognition of a common molecular signal.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mole Rats/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Thymus Gland/immunology
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Spleen/immunology
- Complementarity Determining Regions/genetics
- Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Sanchez Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Stephan Emmrich
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Maria Georga
- IMGT®, the international ImMunoGenetics information system®, Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM), Montpellier, France
| | - Ariadni Papadaki
- IMGT®, the international ImMunoGenetics information system®, Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM), Montpellier, France
| | - Sofia Kossida
- IMGT®, the international ImMunoGenetics information system®, Institut de Génétique Humaine (IGH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM), Montpellier, France
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.
- WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
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3
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Yu X, Wang L, Niu Z, Zhu L. Controversial role of γδ T cells in colorectal cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1482-1500. [PMID: 38726287 PMCID: PMC11076236 DOI: 10.62347/hwmb1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent type of cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments for patients with CRC do not substantially improve the survival and quality of life of patients with advanced CRC, thus necessitating the development of new treatment strategies. The emergence of immunotherapy has revitalized the field, showing great potential in advanced CRC treatment. Owing to the ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system through major histocompatibility complex shedding and heterogeneous and low antigen spreading, only a few patients respond to immunotherapy. γδ T cells have heterogeneous structures and functions, and their key roles in immune regulation, tumor immunosurveillance, and specific primary immune responses have increasingly been recognized. γδ T cells recognize and kill CRC cells efficiently, thus inhibiting tumor progress through various mechanisms. However, γδ T cells can potentially promote tumor development and metastasis. Thus, given this dual role in prognosis, these cells can act as either a "friend" or "foe" of CRC. In this review, we explore the characteristics of γδ T cells and their functions in CRC, highlighting their application in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chengdu Second People’s HospitalNo. 10 Qinyun Nan Street, Chengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Leibo Wang
- Department of Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou HospitalGuiyang, Guizhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxi Niu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center and Lung Cancer Center/Lung Cancer Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengdu, Sichuan, The People’s Republic of China
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4
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Wang X, Wang T, Jiang X, Ruan Y, Wang J, Qi C. The potential mechanism of Guizhi Fuling Wan effect in the treatment of cervical squamous cell carcinoma: A bioinformatics analysis investigation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37153. [PMID: 38306566 PMCID: PMC10843305 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As a global malignancy with high mortality rate, targeted drug development for Uterine Cervical Neoplasms is an important direction. The traditional formula Guizhi Fuling Wan (GFW) is widely used in gynecological diseases. However, its potential mechanism of action remains to be discovered. We retrieved GFW and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) targets from public databases. The protein-protein interaction network was obtained by string computational analysis and imported Cytoscape_v3.9.0 to obtain the core network and the top 10 Hub genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were used for enrichment analysis of the core network, and then molecular docking to verify whether the selected signaling pathway binds well to the core node. Finally, clinical prognostic analysis and expression differences of Hub genes were validated using the Cancer Genome Atlas database and R language. Our search yielded 152 common targets for GFW and CSCC. The interleukin-17 signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and Toll-like signaling pathway were then selected for further molecular docking from the hub genes enrichment analysis results, which showed good binding. Among the Hub genes, JUN, VEGFA, IL1B, and EGF had a poor prognosis for CSCC. In conclusion, this study illustrates that GFW can have adjuvant therapeutic effects on CSCC through multiple targets and multiple pathways, providing a basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Wang
- The Third Clinical Medical Collage, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyue Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Ruan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Li J, Cao Y, Liu Y, Yu L, Zhang Z, Wang X, Bai H, Zhang Y, Liu S, Gao M, Lu C, Li C, Guan Y, Tao Z, Wu Z, Chen J, Yuan Z. Multiomics profiling reveals the benefits of gamma-delta (γδ) T lymphocytes for improving the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis in cervical cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008355. [PMID: 38199610 PMCID: PMC10806547 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an unconventional subpopulation of T lymphocytes, γδ T cells can recognize antigens independently of major histocompatibility complex restrictions. Recent studies have indicated that γδ T cells play contrasting roles in tumor microenvironments-promoting tumor progression in some cancers (eg, gallbladder and leukemia) while suppressing it in others (eg, lung and gastric). γδ T cells are mainly enriched in peripheral mucosal tissues. As the cervix is a mucosa-rich tissue, the role of γδ T cells in cervical cancer warrants further investigation. METHODS We employed a multiomics strategy that integrated abundant data from single-cell and bulk transcriptome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, genotyping array, immunohistochemistry, and MRI. RESULTS Heterogeneity was observed in the level of γδ T-cell infiltration in cervical cancer tissues, mainly associated with the tumor somatic mutational landscape. Definitely, γδ T cells play a beneficial role in the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer. First, γδ T cells exert direct cytotoxic effects in the tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer through the dynamic evolution of cellular states at both poles. Second, higher levels of γδ T-cell infiltration also shape the microenvironment of immune activation with cancer-suppressive properties. We found that these intricate features can be observed by MRI-based radiomics models to non-invasively assess γδ T-cell proportions in tumor tissues in patients. Importantly, patients with high infiltration levels of γδ T cells may be more amenable to immunotherapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors and autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, than to chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS γδ T cells play a beneficial role in antitumor immunity in cervical cancer. The abundance of γδ T cells in cervical cancerous tissue is associated with higher response rates to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjie Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yancheng Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaochuan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenglu Lu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyong Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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6
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Hu Y, Hu Q, Li Y, Lu L, Xiang Z, Yin Z, Kabelitz D, Wu Y. γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:434. [PMID: 37989744 PMCID: PMC10663641 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricacy of diseases, shaped by intrinsic processes like immune system exhaustion and hyperactivation, highlights the potential of immune renormalization as a promising strategy in disease treatment. In recent years, our primary focus has centered on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy, particularly pioneering the use of allogeneic Vδ2+ γδ T cells for treating late-stage solid tumors and tuberculosis patients. However, we recognize untapped potential and optimization opportunities to fully harness γδ T cell effector functions in immunotherapy. This review aims to thoroughly examine γδ T cell immunology and its role in diseases. Initially, we elucidate functional differences between γδ T cells and their αβ T cell counterparts. We also provide an overview of major milestones in γδ T cell research since their discovery in 1984. Furthermore, we delve into the intricate biological processes governing their origin, development, fate decisions, and T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement within the thymus. By examining the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor functions of distinct γδ T cell subtypes based on γδTCR structure or cytokine release, we emphasize the importance of accurate subtyping in understanding γδ T cell function. We also explore the microenvironment-dependent functions of γδ T cell subsets, particularly in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, hematological malignancies, and solid tumors. Finally, we propose future strategies for utilizing allogeneic γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide readers with a holistic understanding of the molecular fundamentals and translational research frontiers of γδ T cells, ultimately contributing to further advancements in harnessing the therapeutic potential of γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qinglin Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Yangzhe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
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7
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Ruf B, Greten TF, Korangy F. Innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cells in cancer - at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:351-371. [PMID: 37081117 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00562-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies targeting conventional T cells have revolutionized systemic treatment for many cancers, yet only a subset of patients benefit from these approaches. A better understanding of the complex immune microenvironment of tumours is needed to design the next generation of immunotherapeutics. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and innate-like T cells (ILTCs) are abundant, tissue-resident lymphocytes that have recently been shown to have critical roles in many types of cancers. ILCs and ILTCs rapidly respond to changes in their surrounding environment and act as the first responders to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. This places ILCs and ILTCs as pivotal orchestrators of the final antitumour immune response. In this Review, we outline hallmarks of ILCs and ILTCs and discuss their emerging role in antitumour immunity, as well as the pathophysiological adaptations leading to their pro-tumorigenic function. We explore the pleiotropic, in parts redundant and sometimes opposing, mechanisms that underlie the delicate interplay between the different subsets of ILCs and ILTCs. Finally, we highlight their role in amplifying and complementing conventional T cell functions and summarize immunotherapeutic strategies for targeting ILCs and ILTCs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ruf
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tim F Greten
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NCI CCR Liver Cancer Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Firouzeh Korangy
- Gastrointestinal Malignancy Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Abstract
Current cancer immunotherapies are primarily predicated on αβ T cells, with a stringent dependence on MHC-mediated presentation of tumour-enriched peptides or unique neoantigens that can limit their efficacy and applicability in various contexts. After two decades of preclinical research and preliminary clinical studies involving very small numbers of patients, γδ T cells are now being explored as a viable and promising approach for cancer immunotherapy. The unique features of γδ T cells, including their tissue tropisms, antitumour activity that is independent of neoantigen burden and conventional MHC-dependent antigen presentation, and combination of typical properties of T cells and natural killer cells, make them very appealing effectors in multiple cancer settings. Herein, we review the main functions of γδ T cells in antitumour immunity, focusing on human γδ T cell subsets, with a particular emphasis on the differences between Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ γδ T cells, to discuss their prognostic value in patients with cancer and the key therapeutic strategies that are being developed in an attempt to improve the outcomes of these patients.
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Sanchez Sanchez G, Vermijlen D. γδIL17 under control. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221921. [PMID: 36520517 PMCID: PMC9757838 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mouse, γδ IL17 cells are poised to make IL-17, and these cells have been involved in various infection and cancer models. Edwards et al. (2022. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211431) now report how different γδIL17 subsets are controlled during homeostasis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Sanchez Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) Department, Walloon Excellence Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO) Department, Walloon Excellence Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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10
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Edwards SC, Hedley A, Hoevenaar WH, Wiesheu R, Glauner T, Kilbey A, Shaw R, Boufea K, Batada N, Hatano S, Yoshikai Y, Blyth K, Miller C, Kirschner K, Coffelt SB. PD-1 and TIM-3 differentially regulate subsets of mouse IL-17A-producing γδ T cells. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20211431. [PMID: 36480166 PMCID: PMC9732671 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-17A-producing γδ T cells in mice consist primarily of Vγ6+ tissue-resident cells and Vγ4+ circulating cells. How these γδ T cell subsets are regulated during homeostasis and cancer remains poorly understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytommetry, we show that lung Vγ4+ and Vγ6+ cells from tumor-free and tumor-bearing mice express contrasting cell surface molecules as well as distinct co-inhibitory molecules, which function to suppress their expansion. Vγ6+ cells express constitutively high levels of PD-1, whereas Vγ4+ cells upregulate TIM-3 in response to tumor-derived IL-1β and IL-23. Inhibition of either PD-1 or TIM-3 in mammary tumor-bearing mice increased Vγ6+ and Vγ4+ cell numbers, respectively. We found that genetic deletion of γδ T cells elicits responsiveness to anti-PD-1 and anti-TIM-3 immunotherapy in a mammary tumor model that is refractory to T cell checkpoint inhibitors, indicating that IL-17A-producing γδ T cells instigate resistance to immunotherapy. Together, these data demonstrate how lung IL-17A-producing γδ T cell subsets are differentially controlled by PD-1 and TIM-3 in steady-state and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Edwards
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wilma H.M. Hoevenaar
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Robert Wiesheu
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Teresa Glauner
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Katerina Boufea
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nizar Batada
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Shinya Hatano
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Yoshikai
- Division of Host Defense, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Crispin Miller
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Seth B. Coffelt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
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Liu X, Ni G, Zhang P, Li H, Li J, Cavallazzi Sebold B, Wu X, Chen G, Yuan S, Wang T. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and deep tissue proteomics reveal distinct tumour microenvironment in stage-I and II cervical cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:28. [PMID: 36683048 PMCID: PMC9869594 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the 3rd most common cancer in women and the 4th leading cause of deaths in gynaecological malignancies, yet the exact progression of CC is inconclusive, mainly due to the high complexity of the changing tumour microenvironment (TME) at different stages of tumorigenesis. Importantly, a detailed comparative single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of tumour microenvironment (TME) of CC patients at different stages is lacking. METHODS In this study, a total of 42,928 and 29,200 nuclei isolated from the tumour tissues of stage-I and II CC patients and subjected to single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis. The cell heterogeneity and functions were comparatively investigated using bioinformatic tools. In addition, label-free quantitative mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis was carried out. The proteome profiles of stage-I and II CC patients were compared, and an integrative analysis with the snRNA-seq was performed. RESULTS Compared with the stage-I CC (CCI) patients, the immune response relevant signalling pathways were largely suppressed in various immune cells of the stage-II CC (CCII) patients, yet the signalling associated with cell and tissue development was enriched, as well as metabolism for energy production suggested by the upregulation of genes associated with mitochondria. This was consistent with the quantitative proteomic analysis that showed the dominance of proteins promoting cell growth and intercellular matrix development in the TME of CCII group. The interferon-α and γ responses appeared the most activated pathways in many cell populations of the CCI patients. Several collagens, such as COL12A1, COL5A1, COL4A1 and COL4A2, were found significantly upregulated in the CCII group, suggesting their roles in diagnosing CC progression. A novel transcript AC244205.1 was detected as the most upregulated gene in CCII patients, and its possible mechanistic role in CC may be investigated further. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides important resources for decoding the progression of CC and set the foundation for developing novel approaches for diagnosing CC and tackling the immunosuppressive TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoying Ni
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Junjie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Xiaolian Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Songhua Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
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12
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Wang M, Zhang L, Chang W, Zhang Y. The crosstalk between the gut microbiota and tumor immunity: Implications for cancer progression and treatment outcomes. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1096551. [PMID: 36726985 PMCID: PMC9885097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1096551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by trillions of commensal microorganisms that constitute the gut microbiota. As a main metabolic organ, the gut microbiota has co-evolved in a symbiotic relationship with its host, contributing to physiological homeostasis. Recent advances have provided mechanistic insights into the dual role of the gut microbiota in cancer pathogenesis. Particularly, compelling evidence indicates that the gut microbiota exerts regulatory effects on the host immune system to fight against cancer development. Some microbiota-derived metabolites have been suggested as potential activators of antitumor immunity. On the contrary, the disequilibrium of intestinal microbial communities, a condition termed dysbiosis, can induce cancer development. The altered gut microbiota reprograms the hostile tumor microenvironment (TME), thus allowing cancer cells to avoid immunosurvelliance. Furthermore, the gut microbiota has been associated with the effects and complications of cancer therapy given its prominent immunoregulatory properties. Therapeutic measures that aim to manipulate the interplay between the gut microbiota and tumor immunity may bring new breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Herein, we provide a comprehensive update on the evidence for the implication of the gut microbiota in immune-oncology and discuss the fundamental mechanisms underlying the influence of intestinal microbial communities on systemic cancer therapy, in order to provide important clues toward improving treatment outcomes in cancer patients.
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13
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Sanchez Sanchez G, Tafesse Y, Papadopoulou M, Vermijlen D. Surfing on the waves of the human γδ T cell ontogenic sea. Immunol Rev 2023; 315:89-107. [PMID: 36625367 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
While γδ T cells are present virtually in all vertebrates, there is a remarkable lack of conservation of the TRG and TRD loci underlying the generation of the γδ T cell receptor (TCR), which is associated with the generation of species-specific γδ T cells. A prominent example is the human phosphoantigen-reactive Vγ9Vδ2 T cell subset that is absent in mice. Murine γδ thymocyte cells were among the first immune cells identified to follow a wave-based layered development during embryonic and early life, and since this initial observation, in-depth insight has been obtained in their thymic ontogeny. By contrast, less is known about the development of human γδ T cells, especially regarding the generation of γδ thymocyte waves. Here, after providing an overview of thymic γδ wave generation in several vertebrate classes, we review the evidence for γδ waves in the human fetal thymus, where single-cell technologies have allowed the breakdown of human γδ thymocytes into functional waves with important TCR associations. Finally, we discuss the possible mechanisms contributing to the generation of waves of γδ thymocytes and their possible significance in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Sanchez Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.,ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Yohannes Tafesse
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.,ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Maria Papadopoulou
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.,ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium.,ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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14
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Zhu R, Yan Q, Wang Y, Wang K. Biological characteristics of γδT cells and application in tumor immunotherapy. Front Genet 2023; 13:1077419. [PMID: 36685942 PMCID: PMC9846053 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1077419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human γδT cells are a special immune cell type which exist in small quantities in the body, do not require processing and presentation for antigen recognition, and have non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted immune response. They play an important role in the body's anti-tumor, anti-infection, immune regulation, immune surveillance and maintenance of immune tolerance. This article reviews the generation and development of human γδT cells, genetic characteristics, classification, recognition and role of antigens, and research progress in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhong Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tai’an Tumor Prevention and Treatment Hospital, Tai’an, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tai’an, China
| | - Yashu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Tai’an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Tai’an, China
| | - Keqiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an, China,*Correspondence: Keqiang Wang,
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15
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Hu C, Xu B, Wang X, Wan W, Lu J, Kong D, Jin Y, You W, Sun H, Mu X, Feng D, Chen Y. Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate group 3 innate lymphoid cells in HCC. Hepatology 2023; 77:48-64. [PMID: 35262957 PMCID: PMC9970019 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are essential for host defense against infection and tissue homeostasis. However, their role in the development of HCC has not been adequately confirmed. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from intestinal microbiota in ILC3 regulation. APPROACH AND RESULTS We report that Lactobacillus reuteri was markedly reduced in the gut microbiota of mice with HCC, accompanied by decreased SCFA levels, especially acetate. Additionally, transplantation of fecal bacteria from wild-type mice or L. reuteri could promote an anticancer effect, elevate acetate levels, and reduce IL-17A secretion in mice with HCC. Mechanistically, acetate reduced the production of IL-17A in hepatic ILC3s by inhibiting histone deacetylase activity, increasing the acetylation of SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box transcription factor 13 (Sox13) at site K30, and decreasing expression of Sox13. Moreover, the combination of acetate with programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 blockade significantly enhanced antitumor immunity. Consistently, tumor-infiltrating ILC3s correlated with negative prognosis in patients with HCC, which could be functionally mediated by acetate. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that modifying bacteria, changing SCFAs, reducing IL-17A-producing ILC3 infiltration, and combining with immune checkpoint inhibitors will contribute to the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chupeng Hu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqing Xu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen‐Hua Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory 8 of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinying Lu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deyuan Kong
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhua You
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Mu
- Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongju Feng
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Ling S, You Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhao S, He Y, Chen X. The role of γδ T17 cells in cardiovascular disease. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:1649-1661. [PMID: 36073777 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0822-761rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the ability of γδ T cells to bridge adaptive and innate immunity, γδ T cells can respond to a variety of molecular cues and acquire the ability to induce a variety of cytokines such as IL-17 family, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10. IL-17+ γδ T cells (γδ T17 cells) populations have recently received considerable interest as they are the major early source of IL-17A in many immune response models. However, the exact mechanism of γδ T17 cells is still poorly understood, especially in the context of cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the leading cause of death in the world, and it tends to be younger. Here, we offer a review of the cardiovascular inflammatory and immune functions of γδ T17 cells in order to understand their role in CVD, which may be the key to developing new clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxue Ling
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zonghao You
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shuwu Zhao
- School of Intergrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin, 301617, China
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17
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Gamma delta (γδ) T cells in cancer immunotherapy; where it comes from, where it will go? Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Cai Q, Zhu M, Duan J, Wang H, Chen J, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Yu X, Yang H. Comprehensive Analysis of Immune-Related Prognosis of TK1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:786873. [PMID: 35127491 PMCID: PMC8814100 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.786873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased expression of TK1 is associated with the progression of a variety of tumors. However, the relationship of TK1 expression with immune cell infiltration and its prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still unknown. In this study the TCGA database was used to evaluate TK1 expression and its impact on survival in patients with HCC. Compared with normal tissue, TK1 in the liver tissue of patients with HCC was significantly up-regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, TK1 expression was significantly related to pathological stage, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis, with high TK1 expression being an unfavorable prognostic factor for HCC. TK1 expression was also significantly associated with the infiltration of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells in HCC. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that TK1 was associated with relatively large changes in T cells, especially gamma-delta T cells. A prognostic risk score based on TK1-related immune genes (CD40LG and TNFRSF4) was established using COX regression analysis. By integrating the immune-related risk score model with clinical features, a nomogram was constructed to predict the survival rate of HCC patients (1 year, 3-year and 5-year AUC of 0.782, 0.783 and 0.771, respectively). Knockdown of the target gene for TK1 was found to have significant anti-apoptosis and pro-proliferation effects on HepG2 cells. The level of TK1 in the serum and liver tissue of patients with HCC was significantly increased relative to healthy controls. These findings highlight the role of TK1 in the tumor immune response of HCC patients and in the proliferation and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. TK1 could therefore be a potential immunotherapy target for HCC patients, while the two immune genes related to TK1 (CD40LG And TNFRSF4) may be promising prognostic biomarkers in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Qun Cai,
| | - Mingyan Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinnan Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingdan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yixin Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yangqin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuewen Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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19
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Schönefeldt S, Wais T, Herling M, Mustjoki S, Bekiaris V, Moriggl R, Neubauer HA. The Diverse Roles of γδ T Cells in Cancer: From Rapid Immunity to Aggressive Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6212. [PMID: 34944832 PMCID: PMC8699114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are unique players in shaping immune responses, lying at the intersection between innate and adaptive immunity. Unlike conventional αβ T cells, γδ T cells largely populate non-lymphoid peripheral tissues, demonstrating tissue specificity, and they respond to ligands in an MHC-independent manner. γδ T cells display rapid activation and effector functions, with a capacity for cytotoxic anti-tumour responses and production of inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ or IL-17. Their rapid cytotoxic nature makes them attractive cells for use in anti-cancer immunotherapies. However, upon transformation, γδ T cells can give rise to highly aggressive lymphomas. These rare malignancies often display poor patient survival, and no curative therapies exist. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of γδ T cells in immune surveillance and response, with a particular focus on cancer immunity. We summarise the intriguing dichotomy between pro- and anti-tumour functions of γδ T cells in solid and haematological cancers, highlighting the key subsets involved. Finally, we discuss potential drivers of γδ T-cell transformation, summarising the main γδ T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia entities, their clinical features, recent advances in mapping their molecular and genomic landscapes, current treatment strategies and potential future targeting options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Schönefeldt
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Tamara Wais
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Marco Herling
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy and Hemostaseology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
| | - Heidi A. Neubauer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (T.W.); (R.M.)
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20
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Sun Y, Li L, Yao W, Liu X, Yang Y, Ma B, Xue D. USH2A Mutation is Associated With Tumor Mutation Burden and Antitumor Immunity in Patients With Colon Adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:762160. [PMID: 34795697 PMCID: PMC8593250 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.762160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. At present, immunotherapy has become a valuable method for the treatment of COAD. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is considered to be the most common biomarker for predicting immunotherapy. According to reports, the mutation rate of COAD ranks third. However, whether these gene mutations are related to TMB and immune response is still unknown. Here, COAD somatic mutation data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Bioinformatics methods were used to study the relationships among gene mutations, COAD survival prognosis, and tumor immune response. A total of 22 of the top 40 mutations in TCGA and ICGC databases were the same. Among them, the USH2A mutation was associated with high TMB and poor clinical prognosis. According to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and the CIBERSORT algorithm, we determined that the USH2A mutation upregulates signaling pathways involved in the immune system and the antitumor immune response. In cases with a USH2A mutation, the immune score and MSI score of TCGA samples increased, the expression of immune checkpoint genes decreased significantly, and the TIDE score decreased significantly. Dependent on the presence or absence of a USH2A mutation, TCGA COAD samples were analyzed for differentially expressed genes, 522 of which were identified. Using a univariate Cox analysis and LASSO COX analysis of these differential genes, a prediction model was established, which established significant differences in the infiltration of immune cells, immune checkpoint gene expression, immune score, MSI score, TMB, and TIDE in patients in high- and low-risk groups. In conclusion, mutation of USH2A is frequent in COAD and is related to an increase in TMB and the antitumor immunity. The differential genes screened by USH2A mutation allowed the construction of a risk model for predicting the survival and prognosis of cancer patients, in addition to providing new ideas for COAD immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Sun
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Long Li
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenchao Yao
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuxu Liu
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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21
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Docq M, Vétillard M, Gallego C, Jaracz-Ros A, Mercier-Nomé F, Bachelerie F, Schlecht-Louf G. Multi-Tissue Characterization of GILZ Expression in Dendritic Cell Subsets at Steady State and in Inflammatory Contexts. Cells 2021; 10:3153. [PMID: 34831376 PMCID: PMC8623566 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in the control of tolerance and immunity. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to regulate DC function by promoting their tolerogenic differentiation through the induction of inhibitory ligands, cytokines, and enzymes. The GC-induced effects in DCs were shown to critically depend on increased expression of the Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper protein (GILZ). GILZ expression levels were further shown to control antigen-presenting cell function, as well as T-cell priming capacity of DCs. However, the pattern of GILZ expression in DC subsets across tissues remains poorly described, as well as the modulation of its expression levels in different pathological settings. To fill in this knowledge gap, we conducted an exhaustive analysis of GILZ relative expression levels in DC subsets from various tissues using multiparametric flow cytometry. This study was performed at steady state, in the context of acute as well as chronic skin inflammation, and in a model of cancer. Our results show the heterogeneity of GILZ expression among DC subsets as well as the complexity of its modulation, that varies in a cell subset- and context-specific manner. Considering the contribution of GILZ in the control of DC functions and its potential as an immune checkpoint in cancer settings, these results are of high relevance for optimal GILZ targeting in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molène Docq
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Mathias Vétillard
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Carmen Gallego
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Jaracz-Ros
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Françoise Mercier-Nomé
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
- IPSIT SFR-UMS, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paris Saclay d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Géraldine Schlecht-Louf
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
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22
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Dogan S, Terzioglu E, Ucar S. Innate immune response against HPV: Possible crosstalking with endocervical γδ T cells. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 148:103435. [PMID: 34741834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is significantly associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Persistent infection with high risk-HPV is necessary but not sufficient for the development of cervical cancer. It is not fully understood which immunological mechanisms lead to persistence in some patients. During the life cycle, HPV uses excellent immune evasion mechanisms. Keratinocytes, Langerhans cells (LC), dendritic cells (DC), tissue-resident macrophages, and intraepithelial gamma-delta T cells (γδ T cells) are cellular components of the mucosal immune defense of the female genital tract against HPV. γδ T cells, the prototype of unconventional T cells, play a major role in the first line defense of epithelial barrier protection. γδ T cells connect the innate and adaptive immunity and behave like a guardian of the epithelium against any form of damage such as trauma and infection. Any changes in γδ T cell distribution and functional capability may have a role in persistent HPV infection and cervical carcinogenesis in the early phase. Poor stimulation and maturation of APCs (LC/DC) might lead to persistent HPV infection which all point out pivotal role of γδ T cells in HPV persistence. If such an intriguing link is proven, γδ T cells can be used in potential therapeutics against HPV in infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Dogan
- Akdeniz University, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ender Terzioglu
- Akdeniz University, Department of Rheumatology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Selda Ucar
- Akdeniz University, Department of Medical Oncology, Antalya, Turkey
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23
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Agerholm R, Bekiaris V. Evolved to protect, designed to destroy: IL-17-producing γδ T cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2164-2177. [PMID: 34224140 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202049119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
T cells of the gamma delta (γδ) lineage are evolutionary conserved from jawless to cartilaginous and bony fish to mammals and represent the "swiss army knife" of the immune system capable of antigen-dependent or independent responses, memory, antigen presentation, regulation of other lymphocytes, tissue homeostasis, and mucosal barrier maintenance, to list a few. Over the last 10 years, γδ T cells that produce the cytokine IL-17 (γδT17) have taken a leading position in our understanding of how our immune system battles infection, inflicts tissue damage during inflammation, and gets rewired by the tumor microenvironment. A lot of what we know about γδT17 cells stems from mouse models, however, increasing evidence implicates these cells in numerous human diseases. Herein, we aim to give an overview of the most common mouse models that have been used to study the role of γδT17 cells in infection, inflammation, and cancer, while at the same time we will evaluate evidence for their importance in humans. We hope and believe that in the next 10 years, means to take advantage of the protective and destructive properties of γδ T and in particular γδT17 cells will be part of our standard immunotherapy toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Agerholm
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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24
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Regulation and Functions of Protumoral Unconventional T Cells in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143578. [PMID: 34298791 PMCID: PMC8304984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of studies on T cell biology in tumor immunity have focused on peptide-reactive conventional T cells that are restricted to polymorphic major histocompatibility complex molecules. However, emerging evidence indicated that unconventional T cells, including γδ T cells, natural killer T (NKT) cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are also involved in tumor immunity. Unconventional T cells span the innate-adaptive continuum and possess the unique ability to rapidly react to nonpeptide antigens via their conserved T cell receptors (TCRs) and/or to activating cytokines to orchestrate many aspects of the immune response. Since unconventional T cell lineages comprise discrete functional subsets, they can mediate both anti- and protumoral activities. Here, we review the current understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of protumoral unconventional T cell subsets in the tumor environment. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of these deleterious subsets in solid cancers and why further feasibility studies are warranted.
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25
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CXCR4 signaling controls dendritic cell location and activation at steady state and in inflammation. Blood 2021; 137:2770-2784. [PMID: 33512478 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) encompass several cell subsets that collaborate to initiate and regulate immune responses. Proper DC localization determines their function and requires the tightly controlled action of chemokine receptors. All DC subsets express CXCR4, but the genuine contribution of this receptor to their biology has been overlooked. We addressed this question using natural CXCR4 mutants resistant to CXCL12-induced desensitization and harboring a gain of function that cause the warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome (WS), a rare immunodeficiency associated with high susceptibility to the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus (HPV). We report a reduction in the number of circulating plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in WHIM patients, whereas that of conventional DCs is preserved. This pattern was reproduced in an original mouse model of WS, enabling us to show that the circulating pDC defect can be corrected upon CXCR4 blockade and that pDC differentiation and function are preserved, despite CXCR4 dysfunction. We further identified proper CXCR4 signaling as a critical checkpoint for Langerhans cell and DC migration from the skin to lymph nodes, with corollary alterations of their activation state and tissue inflammation in a model of HPV-induced dysplasia. Beyond providing new hypotheses to explain the susceptibility of WHIM patients to HPV pathogenesis, this study shows that proper CXCR4 signaling establishes a migration threshold that controls DC egress from CXCL12-containing environments and highlights the critical and subset-specific contribution of CXCR4 signal termination to DC biology.
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26
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Cytokine response following perturbation of the cervicovaginal milieu during HPV genital infection. Immunol Res 2021; 69:255-263. [PMID: 33939124 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are oncogenic viruses causing most cervical cancers. Highly prevalent in young, sexually active women, only a minority of HPV infections persist. To better characterize the immuno-modulatory impact of early HPV infections, we measured changes in a panel of 20 cytokines in cervicovaginal samples collected from young women who were tested for HPV and self-reported for genital inflammation and infection symptoms. Multi-factor statistical analyses revealed that increased IL-1Alpha and IL-12/IL-23p40 concentrations were associated with HPV infection and that macrophage inflammatory proteins were associated in particular with high-risk HPV infections. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02946346.
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27
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Li Y, Li G, Zhang J, Wu X, Chen X. The Dual Roles of Human γδ T Cells: Anti-Tumor or Tumor-Promoting. Front Immunol 2021; 11:619954. [PMID: 33664732 PMCID: PMC7921733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.619954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are the unique T cell subgroup with their T cell receptors composed of γ chain and δ chain. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells are non-MHC-restricted in recognizing tumor antigens, and therefore defined as innate immune cells. Activated γδ T cells can promote the anti-tumor function of adaptive immune cells. They are considered as a bridge between adaptive immunity and innate immunity. However, several other studies have shown that γδ T cells can also promote tumor progression by inhibiting anti-tumor response. Therefore, γδ T cells may have both anti-tumor and tumor-promoting effects. In order to clarify this contradiction, in this review, we summarized the functions of the main subsets of human γδ T cells in how they exhibit their respective anti-tumor or pro-tumor effects in cancer. Then, we reviewed recent γδ T cell-based anti-tumor immunotherapy. Finally, we summarized the existing problems and prospect of this immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tian Jin University, Tian Jin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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28
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Lopes N, Silva‐Santos B. Functional and metabolic dichotomy of murine γδ T cell subsets in cancer immunity. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:17-26. [PMID: 33188652 PMCID: PMC7839746 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
γδ T cells can display a plethora of immune functions, but recent studies have highlighted their importance, in multiple disease models, as sources of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-17A (IL-17), and IFN-γ. These are produced by distinct murine effector γδ T cell subsets that diverge during thymic γδ T cell development. Among the multiple roles these subsets play in peripheral tissues, a striking dichotomy has emerged at tumor sites: whereas IFN-γ+ γδ T cells inhibit tumor cell growth, IL-17+ γδ T cells promote tumor progression and metastasis formation. In this review, we discuss the main lines of evidence, mostly from preclinical studies in mouse models, for this functional dichotomy in cancer immunity. We further highlight very recent advances in our understanding how metabolic sources and pathways can impact on the balance between IFN-γ+ and IL-17+ γδ T cells in the tumor microenvironment, which opens a new exciting avenue to explore toward the application of γδ T cells in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noëlla Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Bruno Silva‐Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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29
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Suzuki T, Hayman L, Kilbey A, Edwards J, Coffelt SB. Gut γδ T cells as guardians, disruptors, and instigators of cancer. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:198-217. [PMID: 32840001 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide with nearly 2 million cases per year. Immune cells and inflammation are a critical component of colorectal cancer progression, and they are used as reliable prognostic indicators of patient outcome. With the growing appreciation for immunology in colorectal cancer, interest is growing on the role γδ T cells have to play, as they represent one of the most prominent immune cell populations in gut tissue. This group of cells consists of both resident populations-γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes (γδ IELs)-and transient populations that each has unique functions. The homeostatic role of these γδ T cell subsets is to maintain barrier integrity and prevent microorganisms from breaching the mucosal layer, which is accomplished through crosstalk with enterocytes and other immune cells. Recent years have seen a surge in discoveries regarding the regulation of γδ IELs in the intestine and the colon with particular new insights into the butyrophilin family. In this review, we discuss the development, specialities, and functions of γδ T cell subsets during cancer progression. We discuss how these cells may be used to predict patient outcome, as well as how to exploit their behavior for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Suzuki
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Liam Hayman
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
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30
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Xu L, Jin Y, Qin X. Comprehensive analysis of significant genes and immune cell infiltration in HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106844. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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O’Brien RL, Born WK. Two functionally distinct subsets of IL‐17 producing γδ T cells. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:10-24. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. O’Brien
- Department of Biomedical Research National Jewish Health Denver CO USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Aurora CO USA
| | - Willi K. Born
- Department of Biomedical Research National Jewish Health Denver CO USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Aurora CO USA
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32
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Xu C, Sui S, Shang Y, Yu Z, Han J, Zhang G, Ntim M, Hu M, Gong P, Chen H, Zhang X. The landscape of immune cell infiltration and its clinical implications of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Adv Res 2020; 24:139-148. [PMID: 32322419 PMCID: PMC7171261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The details of the immunological microenvironment and its clinical implications for pancreatic cancer are still unclear. In this study, we obtained data from public databases, such as the Gene Expression Omnibus, the Cancer Genome Atlas Program, the International Cancer Genome Consortium Data Portal, the ArrayExpress Data Warehouse, and the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. We used these data to evaluate the pattern of immune cells infiltration in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues. We observed that the levels of M0 macrophages and activated dendritic cells in tumor tissues were significantly higher than that in para-tumor tissues. M0 macrophages, gamma delta T cells and naive CD4 T cells were independent predictive factors of a poor outcome for PDAC patients. An immune score determined by M0 macrophages, gamma delta T cells and naive CD4 T cells could predict the survival of patients. The results of this study suggest that the infiltration of immune cells, such as M0 macrophages, may be a possible target for the treatment of PDAC. However, these findings need to be confirmed by additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, PR China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Silei Sui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Yuru Shang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiyan Road 440, 250117 Jinan, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiyan Road 440, 250117 Jinan, PR China
| | - Jian Han
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, PR China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, PR China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Michael Ntim
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, PR China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Man Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiyan Road 440, 250117 Jinan, PR China
| | - Peng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Carson International Cancer Research Centre, Xueyuan Road 1098, 14 518055 Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, PR China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Carson International Cancer Research Centre, Xueyuan Road 1098, 14 518055 Shenzhen, PR China
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33
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Ma L, Phalke S, Stévigny C, Souard F, Vermijlen D. Mistletoe-Extract Drugs Stimulate Anti-Cancer Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061560. [PMID: 32604868 PMCID: PMC7349316 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human phosphoantigen-reactive Vγ9Vδ2 T cells possess several characteristics, including MHC-independent recognition of tumor cells and potent killing potential, that make them attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapeutic approaches. Injectable preparations from the hemi-parasite plant Viscum album L. (European mistletoe) are commonly prescribed as complementary cancer therapy in European countries such as Germany, but their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated in-depth the in vitro response of human T cells towards mistletoe-extract drugs by analyzing their functional and T-cell-receptor (TCR) response using flow cytometry and high-throughput sequencing respectively. Non-fermented mistletoe-extract drugs (AbnobaViscum), but not their fermented counterparts (Iscador), induced specific expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells among T cells. Furthermore, AbnobaViscum rapidly induced the release of cytotoxic granules and the production of the cytokines IFNγ and TNFα in Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. This stimulation of anti-cancer Vγ9Vδ2 T cells was mediated by the butyrophilin BTN3A, did not depend on the accumulation of endogenous phosphoantigens and involved the same Vγ9Vδ2 TCR repertoire as those of phosphoantigen-reactive Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. These insights highlight Vγ9Vδ2 T cells as a potential target for mistletoe-extract drugs and their role in cancer patients receiving these herbal drugs needs to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Swati Phalke
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- RD3 Department-Unit of Pharmacognosy, Bioanalysis and Drug Discovery, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium;
| | - Florence Souard
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium; (L.M.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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34
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Hayday AC. γδ T Cell Update: Adaptate Orchestrators of Immune Surveillance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 203:311-320. [PMID: 31285310 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As interest in γδ T cells grows rapidly, what key points are emerging, and where is caution warranted? γδ T cells fulfill critical functions, as reflected in associations with vaccine responsiveness and cancer survival in humans and ever more phenotypes of γδ T cell-deficient mice, including basic physiological deficiencies. Such phenotypes reflect activities of distinct γδ T cell subsets, whose origins offer interesting insights into lymphocyte development but whose variable evolutionary conservation can obfuscate translation of knowledge from mice to humans. By contrast, an emerging and conserved feature of γδ T cells is their "adaptate" biology: an integration of adaptive clonally-restricted specificities, innate tissue-sensing, and unconventional recall responses that collectively strengthen host resistance to myriad challenges. Central to adaptate biology are butyrophilins and other γδ cell regulators, the study of which should greatly enhance our understanding of tissue immunogenicity and immunosurveillance and guide intensifying clinical interest in γδ cells and other unconventional lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian C Hayday
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom; and Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
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35
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Raverdeau M, Cunningham SP, Harmon C, Lynch L. γδ T cells in cancer: a small population of lymphocytes with big implications. Clin Transl Immunology 2019; 8:e01080. [PMID: 31624593 PMCID: PMC6787154 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are a small population of mostly tissue-resident lymphocytes, with both innate and adaptive properties. These unique features make them particularly attractive candidates for the development of new cellular therapy targeted against tumor development. Nevertheless, γδ T cells may play dual roles in cancer, promoting cancer development on the one hand, while participating in antitumor immunity on the other hand. In mice, γδ T-cell subsets preferentially produce IL-17 or IFN-γ. While antitumor functions of murine γδ T cells can be attributed to IFN-γ+ γδ T cells, recent studies have implicated IL-17+ γδ T cells in tumor growth and metastasis. However, in humans, IL-17-producing γδ T cells are rare and most studies have attributed a protective role to γδ T cells against cancer. In this review, we will present the current knowledge and most recent findings on γδ T-cell functions in mouse models of tumor development and human cancers. We will also discuss their potential as cellular immunotherapy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Raverdeau
- School of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | | | - Cathal Harmon
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Lydia Lynch
- School of Biochemistry and ImmunologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Brigham and Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
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36
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Chen H, Eling N, Martinez‐Jimenez CP, O'Brien LM, Carbonaro V, Marioni JC, Odom DT, de la Roche M. IL-7-dependent compositional changes within the γδ T cell pool in lymph nodes during ageing lead to an unbalanced anti-tumour response. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47379. [PMID: 31283095 PMCID: PMC6680116 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
How the age-associated decline of immune function leads to increased cancer incidence is poorly understood. Here, we have characterised the cellular composition of the γδ T-cell pool in peripheral lymph nodes (pLNs) upon ageing. We find that ageing has minimal cell-intrinsic effects on function and global gene expression of γδ T cells, and γδTCR diversity remains stable. However, ageing alters TCRδ chain usage and clonal structure of γδ T-cell subsets. Importantly, IL-17-producing γδ17 T cells dominate the γδ T-cell pool of aged mice-mainly due to the selective expansion of Vγ6+ γδ17 T cells and augmented γδ17 polarisation of Vγ4+ T cells. Expansion of the γδ17 T-cell compartment is mediated by increased IL-7 expression in the T-cell zone of old mice. In a Lewis lung cancer model, pro-tumourigenic Vγ6+ γδ17 T cells are exclusively activated in the tumour-draining LN and their infiltration into the tumour correlates with increased tumour size in aged mice. Thus, upon ageing, substantial compositional changes in γδ T-cell pool in the pLN lead to an unbalanced γδ T-cell response in the tumour that is associated with accelerated tumour growth.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/genetics
- Aging/immunology
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Lineage/genetics
- Cell Lineage/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Immunophenotyping
- Interleukin-17/genetics
- Interleukin-17/immunology
- Interleukin-7/genetics
- Interleukin-7/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/classification
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/classification
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Tumor Burden/genetics
- Tumor Burden/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung‐Chang Chen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Nils Eling
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
| | - Celia Pilar Martinez‐Jimenez
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | | | | | - John C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI), Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
| | - Duncan T Odom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
- Division of Signalling and Functional GenomicsGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Maike de la Roche
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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37
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Silva-Santos B, Mensurado S, Coffelt SB. γδ T cells: pleiotropic immune effectors with therapeutic potential in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:392-404. [PMID: 31209264 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The potential of cancer immunotherapy relies on the mobilization of immune cells capable of producing antitumour cytokines and effectively killing tumour cells. These are major attributes of γδ T cells, a lymphoid lineage that is often underestimated despite its major role in tumour immune surveillance, which has been established in a variety of preclinical cancer models. This situation notwithstanding, in particular instances the tumour microenvironment seemingly mobilizes γδ T cells with immunosuppressive or tumour-promoting functions, thus emphasizing the importance of regulating γδ T cell responses in order to realize their translation into effective cancer immunotherapies. In this Review we outline both seminal work and recent advances in our understanding of how γδ T cells participate in tumour immunity and how their functions are regulated in experimental models of cancer. We also discuss the current strategies aimed at maximizing the therapeutic potential of human γδ T cells, on the eve of their exploration in cancer clinical trials that may position them as key players in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Mensurado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow and Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
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38
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Han LT, Hu JQ, Ma B, Wen D, Zhang TT, Lu ZW, Wei WJ, Wang YL, Wang Y, Liao T, Ji QH. IL-17A increases MHC class I expression and promotes T cell activation in papillary thyroid cancer patients with coexistent Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:52. [PMID: 31159823 PMCID: PMC6547553 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of coexisting papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is increasing. The impact of HT on PTC prognosis and its possible mechanism remains controversial. Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) has been reported to participate in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases and cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of IL-17A in PTC with coexistent HT and evaluate the changes in tumor antigenicity. Methods Expression of IL-17A and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules were compared on PTC tissue samples with or without HT. PTC cell lines K1 and TPC-1 were stimulated with IL-17A and analyzed for MHC class I expression afterwards. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+T cell activation, production of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as well as the programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression on lymphocytes were assessed by coculture of donor peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with IL-17A pretreated PTC cells. Results Elevated IL-17A and MHC class I expression were observed in PTC tissue samples with coexistent HT. Stimulation of PTC cells with IL-17A effectively increased MHC class I expression in vitro. Coculture of PBLs with IL-17A pretreated PTC cells resulted in enhanced T cell activation (%CD25+ of CD3+T cells) and increased IL-2 production along with decreased IFN-γ secretion and PD-1 expression of the lymphocytes. Conclusions Papillary thyroid cancer with coexisting Hashimoto’s thyroiditis presents elevated MHC class I expression, which may be the result of IL-17A secretion. T cell activation is enhanced in vitro by IL-17A and may provide future utility in PTC immunotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13000-019-0832-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tao Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Qian Hu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Duo Wen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Long Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tian Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Qing-Hai Ji
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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39
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Bottomley MJ, Thomson J, Harwood C, Leigh I. The Role of the Immune System in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2009. [PMID: 31022866 PMCID: PMC6515307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer. In immunosuppressed populations it is a source of considerable morbidity and mortality due to its enhanced recurrence and metastatic potential. In common with many malignancies, leucocyte populations are both protective against cancer development and also play a role in 'sculpting' the nascent tumor, leading to loss of immunogenicity and tumor progression. UV radiation and chronic viral carriage may represent unique risk factors for cSCC development, and the immune system plays a key role in modulating the response to both. In this review, we discuss the lessons learned from animal and ex vivo human studies of the role of individual leucocyte subpopulations in the development of cutaneous SCC. We then discuss the insights into cSCC immunity gleaned from studies in humans, particularly in populations receiving pharmacological immunosuppression such as transplant recipients. Similar insights in other malignancies have led to exciting and novel immune therapies, which are beginning to emerge into the cSCC clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bottomley
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Jason Thomson
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Catherine Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Irene Leigh
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
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40
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McKenzie DR, Comerford I, Silva-Santos B, McColl SR. The Emerging Complexity of γδT17 Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:796. [PMID: 29731754 PMCID: PMC5919943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preprogrammed IL-17-producing γδ T cells constitute a poorly understood class of lymphocytes that express rearranged antigen receptors but appear to make little use of them. γδT17 cells were first characterized as tissue-resident sentinels with innate effector function. However, ongoing research continues to reveal unexpected complexity to this unusual subset, including phenotypic plasticity, memory-like activity and unique migratory behavior. Despite these advances, at the core of γδT17 cell biology remain fundamental gaps in knowledge: Are γδT17 cells truly innate or has the importance of the T cell receptor been overlooked? How unique are they among IL-17-producing lymphocytes? How similar are these cells between mice and humans? We speculate that answering these unresolved questions is key to successful manipulation of γδ T cells in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan R McKenzie
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bruno Silva-Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Shaun R McColl
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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41
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Vermijlen D, Gatti D, Kouzeli A, Rus T, Eberl M. γδ T cell responses: How many ligands will it take till we know? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 84:75-86. [PMID: 29402644 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
γδ T cells constitute a sizeable and non-redundant fraction of the total T cell pool in all jawed vertebrates, but in contrast to conventional αβ T cells they are not restricted by classical MHC molecules. Progress in our understanding of the role of γδ T cells in the immune system has been hampered, and is being hampered, by the considerable lack of knowledge regarding the antigens γδ T cells respond to. The past few years have seen a wealth of data regarding the TCR repertoires of distinct γδ T cell populations and a growing list of confirmed and proposed molecules that are recognised by γδ T cells in different species. Yet, the physiological contexts underlying the often restricted TCR usage and the chemical diversity of γδ T cell ligands remain largely unclear, and only few structural studies have confirmed direct ligand recognition by the TCR. We here review the latest progress in the identification and validation of putative γδ T cell ligands and discuss the implications of such findings for γδ T cell responses in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium.
| | - Deborah Gatti
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics and Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Ariadni Kouzeli
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Teja Rus
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Eberl
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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