1
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Liu L, Liu Y, Ji X, Zhao X, Liu J, Xu N. Coronatine orchestrates ABI1-mediated stomatal opening to facilitate bacterial pathogen infection through importin β protein SAD2. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:676-688. [PMID: 38683723 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal immunity plays an important role during bacterial pathogen invasion. Abscisic acid (ABA) induces plants to close their stomata and halt pathogen invasion, but many bacterial pathogens secrete phytotoxin coronatine (COR) to antagonize ABA signaling and reopen the stomata to promote infection at early stage of invasion. However, the underlining mechanism is not clear. SAD2 is an importin β family protein, and the sad2 mutant shows hypersensitivity to ABA. We discovered ABI1, which negatively regulated ABA signaling and reduced plant sensitivity to ABA, was accumulated in the plant nucleus after COR treatment. This event required SAD2 to import ABI1 to the plant nucleus. Abolition of SAD2 undermined ABI1 accumulation. Our study answers the long-standing question of how bacterial COR antagonizes ABA signaling and reopens plant stomata during pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Green Management of Crop Pests, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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2
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Lu J, Zhang G, Ma C, Li Y, Jiang C, Wang Y, Zhang B, Wang R, Qiu Y, Ma Y, Jia Y, Jiang CZ, Sun X, Ma N, Jiang Y, Gao J. The F-box protein RhSAF destabilizes the gibberellic acid receptor RhGID1 to mediate ethylene-induced petal senescence in rose. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1736-1754. [PMID: 38315889 PMCID: PMC11062431 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Roses are among the most popular ornamental plants cultivated worldwide for their great economic, symbolic, and cultural importance. Nevertheless, rapid petal senescence markedly reduces rose (Rosa hybrida) flower quality and value. Petal senescence is a developmental process tightly regulated by various phytohormones. Ethylene accelerates petal senescence, while gibberellic acid (GA) delays this process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between these phytohormones in the regulation of petal senescence remain largely unclear. Here, we identified SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED F-BOX (RhSAF), an ethylene-induced F-box protein gene encoding a recognition subunit of the SCF-type E3 ligase. We demonstrated that RhSAF promotes degradation of the GA receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (RhGID1) to accelerate petal senescence. Silencing RhSAF expression delays petal senescence, while suppressing RhGID1 expression accelerates petal senescence. RhSAF physically interacts with RhGID1s and targets them for ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated degradation. Accordingly, ethylene-induced RhGID1C degradation and RhDELLA3 accumulation are compromised in RhSAF-RNAi lines. Our results demonstrate that ethylene antagonizes GA activity through RhGID1 degradation mediated by the E3 ligase RhSAF. These findings enhance our understanding of the phytohormone crosstalk regulating petal senescence and provide insights for improving flower longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuyan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuexuan Qiu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanxing Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangchao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Crops Pathology and Genetic Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunhe Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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3
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Kim JS, Kidokoro S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. Regulatory networks in plant responses to drought and cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:170-189. [PMID: 38514098 PMCID: PMC11060690 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Drought and cold represent distinct types of abiotic stress, each initiating unique primary signaling pathways in response to dehydration and temperature changes, respectively. However, a convergence at the gene regulatory level is observed where a common set of stress-responsive genes is activated to mitigate the impacts of both stresses. In this review, we explore these intricate regulatory networks, illustrating how plants coordinate distinct stress signals into a collective transcriptional strategy. We delve into the molecular mechanisms of stress perception, stress signaling, and the activation of gene regulatory pathways, with a focus on insights gained from model species. By elucidating both the shared and distinct aspects of plant responses to drought and cold, we provide insight into the adaptive strategies of plants, paving the way for the engineering of stress-resilient crop varieties that can withstand a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Sik Kim
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, 710-0046Japan
| | - Satoshi Kidokoro
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601Japan
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4
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Tajdel-Zielińska M, Janicki M, Marczak M, Ludwików A. Arabidopsis HECT and RING-type E3 Ligases Promote MAPKKK18 Degradation to Regulate Abscisic Acid Signaling. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:390-404. [PMID: 38153765 PMCID: PMC11020294 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are conserved signaling pathways that transduce extracellular signals into diverse cellular responses. Arabidopsis MAPKKK18 is a component of the MAPKKK17/18-MKK3-MPK1/2/7/14 cascades, which play critical roles in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, drought tolerance and senescence. A very important aspect of MAP kinase signaling is both its activation and its termination, which must be tightly controlled to achieve appropriate biological responses. Recently, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has received increasing attention as a key mechanism for maintaining the homeostasis of MAPK cascade components and other ABA signaling effectors. Previous studies have shown that the stability of MAPKKK18 is regulated by the UPS via the ABA core pathway. Here, using multiple proteomic approaches, we found that MAPKKK17/18 turnover is tightly controlled by three E3 ligases, UPL1, UPL4 and KEG. We also identified lysines 154 and 237 as critical for MAPKKK18 stability. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the mechanism that controls MAPKKK17/18 activity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Tajdel-Zielińska
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Maciej Janicki
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Marczak
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwików
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
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5
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Zhang J, Chen X, Song Y, Gong Z. Integrative regulatory mechanisms of stomatal movements under changing climate. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:368-393. [PMID: 38319001 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change-caused drought stress, high temperatures and other extreme weather profoundly impact plant growth and development, restricting sustainable crop production. To cope with various environmental stimuli, plants can optimize the opening and closing of stomata to balance CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and water loss from leaves. Guard cells perceive and integrate various signals to adjust stomatal pores through turgor pressure regulation. Molecular mechanisms and signaling networks underlying the stomatal movements in response to environmental stresses have been extensively studied and elucidated. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of stomatal movements mediated by abscisic acid, light, CO2 , reactive oxygen species, pathogens, temperature, and other phytohormones. We discussed the significance of elucidating the integrative mechanisms that regulate stomatal movements in helping design smart crops with enhanced water use efficiency and resilience in a climate-changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yajing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071001, China
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6
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Koh H, Joo H, Lim CW, Lee SC. Roles of the pepper JAZ protein CaJAZ1-03 and its interacting partner RING-type E3 ligase CaASRF1 in regulating ABA signaling and drought responses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3242-3257. [PMID: 37563998 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed various defense mechanisms against environmental stresses by regulating hormone signaling. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a major phytohormone associated with plant defense responses. JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins play a regulatory role in repressing JA signaling, impacting plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we isolated 7 JAZ genes in pepper and selected CA03g31030, a Capsicum annuum JAZ1-03 (CaJAZ1-03) gene, for further study based on its expression level in response to abiotic stresses. Through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in pepper and overexpression in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, we established the functional role of CaJAZ1-03. Functional studies revealed that CaJAZ1-03 dampens abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and drought stress responses. The cell-free degradation assay showed faster degradation of CaJAZ1-03 in drought- or ABA-treated pepper leaves compared to healthy leaves. Conversely, CaJAZ1-03 was completely preserved under MG132 treatment, indicating that CaJAZ1-03 stability is modulated via the ubiquitin-26s proteasome pathway. We also found that the pepper RING-type E3 ligase CaASRF1 interacts with and ubiquitinates CaJAZ1-03. Additional cell-free degradation assays revealed a negative correlation between CaJAZ1-03 and CaASRF1 expression levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that CaJAZ1-03 negatively regulates ABA signaling and drought responses and that its protein stability is modulated by CaASRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeji Koh
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunhee Joo
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Née G, Krüger T. Dry side of the core: a meta-analysis addressing the original nature of the ABA signalosome at the onset of seed imbibition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1192652. [PMID: 37476171 PMCID: PMC10354442 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1192652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The timing of seedling emergence is a major agricultural and ecological fitness trait, and seed germination is controlled by a complex molecular network including phytohormone signalling. One such phytohormone, abscisic acid (ABA), controls a large array of stress and developmental processes, and researchers have long known it plays a crucial role in repressing germination. Although the main molecular components of the ABA signalling pathway have now been identified, the molecular mechanisms through which ABA elicits specific responses in distinct organs is still enigmatic. To address the fundamental characteristics of ABA signalling during germination, we performed a meta-analysis focusing on the Arabidopsis dry seed proteome as a reflexion basis. We combined cutting-edge proteome studies, comparative functional analyses, and protein interaction information with genetic and physiological data to redefine the singular composition and operation of the ABA core signalosome from the onset of seed imbibition. In addition, we performed a literature survey to integrate peripheral regulators present in seeds that directly regulate core component function. Although this may only be the tip of the iceberg, this extended model of ABA signalling in seeds already depicts a highly flexible system able to integrate a multitude of information to fine-tune the progression of germination.
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8
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Corbridge E, MacGregor A, Al-Saharin R, Garneau MG, Smalley S, Mooney S, Roje S, Bates PD, Hellmann H. Brassica napus Plants Gain Improved Salt-Stress Tolerance and Increased Storage Oil Biosynthesis by Interfering with CRL3 BPM Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1085. [PMID: 36903945 PMCID: PMC10005049 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Generating new strategies to improve plant performance and yield in crop plants becomes increasingly relevant with ongoing and predicted global climate changes. E3 ligases that function as key regulators within the ubiquitin proteasome pathway often are involved in abiotic stress responses, development, and metabolism in plants. The aim of this research was to transiently downregulate an E3 ligase that uses BTB/POZ-MATH proteins as substrate adaptors in a tissue-specific manner. Interfering with the E3 ligase at the seedling stage and in developing seeds results in increased salt-stress tolerance and elevated fatty acid levels, respectively. This novel approach can help to improve specific traits in crop plants to maintain sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Corbridge
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Alexandra MacGregor
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Raed Al-Saharin
- Department of Applied Biology, Tafila Technical University, Tafila 66110, Jordan
| | - Matthew G. Garneau
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Samuel Smalley
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Sutton Mooney
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Sanja Roje
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Philip D. Bates
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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9
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Su J, Jiao T, Liu X, Zhu L, Ma B, Ma F, Li M. Calcyclin-binding protein-promoted degradation of MdFRUCTOKINASE2 regulates sugar homeostasis in apple. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1052-1065. [PMID: 36461944 PMCID: PMC9922394 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fructokinase (FRK) activates fructose through phosphorylation, which sends the activated fructose into primary metabolism and regulates fructose signaling capabilities in plants. The apple (Malus × domestica) FRK gene MdFRK2 shows especially high affinity to fructose, and its overexpression decreases fructose levels in the leaves of young plants. However, in the current study of mature plants, fruits of transgenic apple trees overexpressing MdFRK2 accumulated a higher level of fructose than wild-type (WT) fruits (at both young and mature stages). Transgenic apple trees with high mRNA MdFRK2 expression showed no significant differences in MdFRK2 protein abundance or FRK enzyme activity compared to WT in mature leaves, young fruits, and mature fruits. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis identified an skp1, cullin, F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase, calcyclin-binding protein (CacyBP), that interacted with MdFRK2. RNA-sequencing analysis provided evidence for ubiquitin-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of MdFRK2 protein for the maintenance of fructose homeostasis in mature leaves and fruits. Further analyses suggested an MdCacyBP-MdFRK2 regulatory module, in which MdCacyBP interacts with and ubiquitinates MdFRK2 to facilitate its degradation by the 26S proteasome, thus decreasing the FRK enzyme activity to elevate fructose concentration in transgenic apple trees. This result uncovered an important mechanism underlying plant fructose homeostasis in different organs through regulating the MdFRK2 protein level via ubiquitination and degradation. Our study provides usable data for the future improvement of apple flavor and expands our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant fructose content and signaling regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingcheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baiquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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10
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Al‐Saharin R, Mooney S, Dissmeyer N, Hellmann H. Using CRL3 BPM E3 ligase substrate recognition sites as tools to impact plant development and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e474. [PMID: 36545004 PMCID: PMC9763634 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cullin-based RING E3 ligases that use BTB/POZ-MATH (BPM) proteins as substrate receptors have been established over the last decade as critical regulators in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. As such they affect general aspects of shoot and root development, flowering time, embryo development, and different abiotic stress responses, such as heat, drought and salt stress. To generate tools that can help to understand the role of CRL3BPM E3 ligases in plants, we developed a novel system using two conserved protein-binding motifs from BPM substrates to transiently block CRL3BPM activity. The work investigates in vitro and in planta this novel approach, and shows that it can affect stress tolerance in plants as well as developmental aspects. It thereby can serve as a new tool for studying this E3 ligase in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Al‐Saharin
- Washington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
- Tafila Technical UniversityTafilaJordan
| | | | - Nico Dissmeyer
- Department of Plant Physiology and Protein Metabolism LabUniversity of OsnabruckOsnabruckGermany
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11
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Gao X, Li X, Chen C, Wang C, Fu Y, Zheng Z, Shi M, Hao X, Zhao L, Qiu M, Kai G, Zhou W. Mining of the CULLIN E3 ubiquitin ligase genes in the whole genome of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1760-1768. [PMID: 36268136 PMCID: PMC9576582 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CULLIN (CUL) proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases that are involved in a wide variety of biological processes as well as in response to stress in plants. In Salvia miltiorrhiza, CUL genes have not been characterized and its role in plant development, stress response and secondary metabolite synthesis have not been studied. In this study, genome-wide analyses were performed to identify and to predict the structure and function of CUL of S. miltiorrhiza. Eight CUL genes were identified from the genome of S. miltiorrhiza. The CUL genes were clustered into four subgroups according to phylogenetic relationships. The CUL domain was highly conserved across the family of CUL genes. Analysis of cis-acting elements suggested that CUL genes might play important roles in a variety of biological processes, including abscission reaction acid (ABA) processing. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza with ABA. The expression of CUL genes varied obviously after ABA treatment. Co-expression network results indicated that three CUL genes might be involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acid or tanshinone. In summary, the mining of the CUL genes in the whole genome of S. miltiorrhiza contribute novel information to the understanding of the CUL genes and its functional roles in plant secondary metabolites, growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankui Gao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Chengan Chen
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - ZiZhen Zheng
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Minghua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China,Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Gaoke Road, Fuyang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China,Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Gaoke Road, Fuyang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
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12
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Ahuja M, Kaidery NA, Dutta D, Attucks OC, Kazakov EH, Gazaryan I, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of the Nrf2/Bach1 Signaling Pathway in Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091780. [PMID: 36139853 PMCID: PMC9495572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although a complex interplay of multiple environmental and genetic factors has been implicated, the etiology of neuronal death in PD remains unresolved. Various mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in PD have been proposed, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, α-synuclein proteostasis, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and other cell death pathways. While many drugs individually targeting these pathways have shown promise in preclinical PD models, this promise has not yet translated into neuroprotective therapies in human PD. This has consequently spurred efforts to identify alternative targets with multipronged therapeutic approaches. A promising therapeutic target that could modulate multiple etiological pathways involves drug-induced activation of a coordinated genetic program regulated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 regulates the transcription of over 250 genes, creating a multifaceted network that integrates cellular activities by expressing cytoprotective genes, promoting the resolution of inflammation, restoring redox and protein homeostasis, stimulating energy metabolism, and facilitating repair. However, FDA-approved electrophilic Nrf2 activators cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues in various cellular proteins resulting in side effects. We propose that the transcriptional repressor of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), which antagonizes Nrf2, could serve as a promising complementary target for the activation of both Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent neuroprotective pathways. This review presents the current knowledge on the Nrf2/Bach1 signaling pathway, its role in various cellular processes, and the benefits of simultaneously inhibiting Bach1 and stabilizing Nrf2 using non-electrophilic small molecules as a novel therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | | | | | - Irina Gazaryan
- Pace University, White Plains, NY 10601, USA
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 111401 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, 111401 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Correspondence:
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13
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Varshney V, Majee M. Emerging roles of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in enhancing crop yield by optimizing seed agronomic traits. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1805-1826. [PMID: 35678849 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has the potential to modulate crop productivity by influencing agronomic traits. Being sessile, the plant often uses the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to maintain the stability of different regulatory proteins to survive in an ever-changing environment. The ubiquitin system influences plant reproduction, growth, development, responses to the environment, and processes that control critical agronomic traits. E3 ligases are the major players in this pathway, and they are responsible for recognizing and tagging the targets/substrates. Plants have a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases, whose functions have been studied extensively, ranging from plant growth to defense strategies. Here we summarize three agronomic traits influenced by ubiquitination: seed size and weight, seed germination, and accessory plant agronomic traits particularly panicle architecture, tillering in rice, and tassels branch number in maize. This review article highlights some recent progress on how the ubiquitin system influences the stability/modification of proteins that determine seed agronomic properties like size, weight, germination and filling, and ultimately agricultural productivity and quality. Further research into the molecular basis of the aforementioned processes might lead to the identification of genes that could be modified or selected for crop development. Likewise, we also propose advances and future perspectives in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Varshney
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Majee
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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14
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Sobol G, Chakraborty J, Martin GB, Sessa G. The Emerging Role of PP2C Phosphatases in Tomato Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:737-747. [PMID: 35696659 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-02-22-0037-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The antagonistic effect of plant immunity on growth likely drove evolution of molecular mechanisms that prevent accidental initiation and prolonged activation of plant immune responses. Signaling networks of pattern-triggered and effector-triggered immunity, the two main layers of plant immunity, are tightly regulated by the activity of protein phosphatases that dephosphorylate their protein substrates and reverse the action of protein kinases. Members of the PP2C class of protein phosphatases have emerged as key negative regulators of plant immunity, primarily from research in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, revealing the potential to employ PP2C proteins to enhance plant disease resistance. As a first step towards focusing on the PP2C family for both basic and translational research, we analyzed the tomato genome sequence to ascertain the complement of the tomato PP2C family, identify conserved protein domains and signals in PP2C amino acid sequences, and examine domain combinations in individual proteins. We then identified tomato PP2Cs that are candidate regulators of single or multiple layers of the immune signaling network by in-depth analysis of publicly available RNA-seq datasets. These included expression profiles of plants treated with fungal or bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns, with pathogenic, nonpathogenic, and disarmed bacteria, as well as pathogenic fungi and oomycetes. Finally, we discuss the possible use of immunity-associated PP2Cs to better understand the signaling networks of plant immunity and to engineer durable and broad disease resistance in crop plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Sobol
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joydeep Chakraborty
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gregory B Martin
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
| | - Guido Sessa
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Tel-Aviv, Israel
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15
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Smalley S, Hellmann H. Review: Exploring possible approaches using ubiquitylation and sumoylation pathways in modifying plant stress tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 319:111275. [PMID: 35487671 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin and similar proteins, such as SUMO, are utilized by plants to modify target proteins to rapidly change their stability and activity in cells. This review will provide an overview of these crucial protein interactions with a focus on ubiquitylation and sumoylation in plants and how they contribute to stress tolerance. The work will also explore possibilities to use these highly conserved pathways for novel approaches to generate more robust crop plants better fit to cope with abiotic and biotic stress situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Smalley
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Hanjo Hellmann
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States.
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16
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Miao R, Russinova E, Rodriguez PL. Tripartite hormonal regulation of plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:588-600. [PMID: 35034860 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme activity of the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump, well known as arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA) in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), is controlled by phosphorylation. Three different classes of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli, at least in part by modulating the activity of the pump through phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue in its carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding this tripartite hormonal AHA regulation and highlight mechanisms of activation and deactivation, as well as the significance of hormonal crosstalk. Understanding the complexity of PM H+-ATPase regulation in plants might provide new strategies for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Liu G, Liang J, Lou L, Tian M, Zhang X, Liu L, Zhao Q, Xia R, Wu Y, Xie Q, Yu F. The deubiquitinases UBP12 and UBP13 integrate with the E3 ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 to modulate VPS23A stability in ABA signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5765. [PMID: 35385312 PMCID: PMC8986106 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation in both the 26S proteasome and vacuole is an important process in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. However, the role of deubiquitination in this process remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that two deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (UBP12) and UBP13, modulate ABA signaling and drought tolerance by deubiquitinating and stabilizing the endosomal sorting complex required for transport-I (ESCRT-I) component vacuolar protein sorting 23A (VPS23A) and thereby affect the stability of ABA receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetic analysis showed that VPS23A overexpression could rescue the ABA hypersensitive and drought tolerance phenotypes of ubp12-2w or ubp13-1. In addition to the direct regulation of VPS23A, we found that UBP12 and UBP13 also stabilized the E3 ligase XB3 ortholog 5 in A. thaliana (XBAT35.2) in response to ABA treatment. Hence, we demonstrated that UBP12 and UBP13 are previously unidentified rheostatic regulators of ABA signaling and revealed a mechanism by which deubiquitination precisely monitors the XBAT35/VPS23A ubiquitination module in the ABA response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong, China
| | - Qingzhen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000 Shandong, China
| | - Ran Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Yaorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
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Al-Saharin R, Hellmann H, Mooney S. Plant E3 Ligases and Their Role in Abiotic Stress Response. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050890. [PMID: 35269512 PMCID: PMC8909703 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants, as sessile organisms, have limited means to cope with environmental changes. Consequently, they have developed complex regulatory systems to ameliorate abiotic stresses im-posed by environmental changes. One such system is the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, which utilizes E3 ligases to target proteins for proteolytic degradation via the 26S proteasome. Plants ex-press a plethora of E3 ligases that are categorized into four major groups depending on their structure. They are involved in many biological and developmental processes in plants, such as DNA repair, photomorphogenesis, phytohormones signaling, and biotic stress. Moreover, many E3 ligase targets are proteins involved in abiotic stress responses, such as salt, drought, heat, and cold. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of E3 ligases and their substrates that have been connected with abiotic stress in order to illustrate the diversity and complexity of how this pathway enables plant survival under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Al-Saharin
- Department of Applied Biology, Tafila Technical University, At-Tafilah 66110, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA; (H.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Sutton Mooney
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA; (H.H.); (S.M.)
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19
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Qi H, Xia FN, Xiao S, Li J. TRAF proteins as key regulators of plant development and stress responses. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:431-448. [PMID: 34676666 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins are conserved in higher eukaryotes and play key roles in transducing cellular signals across different organelles. They are characterized by their C-terminal region (TRAF-C domain) containing seven to eight anti-parallel β-sheets, also known as the meprin and TRAF-C homology (MATH) domain. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made toward understanding the diverse roles of TRAF proteins in mammals and plants. Compared to other eukaryotic species, the Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) genomes encode many more TRAF/MATH domain-containing proteins; these plant proteins cluster into five classes: TRAF/MATH-only, MATH-BPM, MATH-UBP (ubiquitin protease), Seven in absentia (SINA), and MATH-Filament and MATH-PEARLI-4 proteins, suggesting parallel evolution of TRAF proteins in plants. Increasing evidence now indicates that plant TRAF proteins form central signaling networks essential for multiple biological processes, such as vegetative and reproductive development, autophagosome formation, plant immunity, symbiosis, phytohormone signaling, and abiotic stress responses. Here, we summarize recent advances and highlight future prospects for understanding on the molecular mechanisms by which TRAF proteins act in plant development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fan-Nv Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is recognized as the key hormonal regulator of plant stress physiology. This phytohormone is also involved in plant growth and development under normal conditions. Over the last 50 years the components of ABA machinery have been well characterized, from synthesis to molecular perception and signaling; knowledge about the fine regulation of these ABA machinery components is starting to increase. In this article, we review a particular regulation of the ABA machinery that comes from the plant circadian system and extends to multiple levels. The circadian clock is a self-sustained molecular oscillator that perceives external changes and prepares plants to respond to them in advance. The circadian system constitutes the most important predictive homeostasis mechanism in living beings. Moreover, the circadian clock has several output pathways that control molecular, cellular and physiological downstream processes, such as hormonal response and transcriptional activity. One of these outputs involves the ABA machinery. The circadian oscillator components regulate expression and post-translational modification of ABA machinery elements, from synthesis to perception and signaling response. The circadian clock establishes a gating in the ABA response during the day, which fine tunes stomatal closure and plant growth response.
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21
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Julian J, Coego A, Alrefaei AF, Rodriguez PL. Affinity Purification of Ubiquitinated Proteins Using p62-Agarose to Assess Ubiquitination of Clade A PP2Cs. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2462:45-57. [PMID: 35152379 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2156-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Certain E3 ubiquitin ligases play a key role in the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway by targeting clade A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) for degradation. At early stages of ABA signaling, degradation of PP2Cs is a complementary step to PP2Cs inhibition by ABA receptors. At later steps, protein levels of PP2Cs are increased as a negative feedback mechanism. Subsequently, E3 ligases targeting PP2Cs are critical to recover the basal PP2C levels and reset the ABA signaling. BTB/POZ AND MATH DOMAIN proteins (BPMs) are substrate adaptors of a multimeric cullin3-RING based E3 ligase and target for degradation clade A PP2Cs. In this chapter, we provide a detailed protocol to assess the ubiquitination of PP2CA, a clade A PP2C, mediated by BPMs using agarose-immobilised p62-derived ubiquitin-associated (UBA) domain, which efficiently binds ubiquitinated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Julian
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
- Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alberto Coego
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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22
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Lim J, Lim CW, Lee SC. Core Components of Abscisic Acid Signaling and Their Post-translational Modification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:895698. [PMID: 35712559 PMCID: PMC9195418 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a major phytohormone that regulates plant growth, development, and abiotic/biotic stress responses. Under stress, ABA is synthesized in various plant organs, and it plays roles in diverse adaptive processes, including seed dormancy, growth inhibition, and leaf senescence, by modulating stomatal closure and gene expression. ABA receptor, clade A protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), and SNF1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) proteins have been identified as core components of ABA signaling, which is initiated via perception of ABA with receptor and subsequent activation or inactivation by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. The findings of several recent studies have established that the post-translational modification of these components, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination/deubiquitination, play important roles in regulating their activity and stability. In this review, we discuss the functions of the core components of ABA signaling and the regulation of their activities via post-translational modification under normal and stress conditions.
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23
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Wang J, Wang L, Yan Y, Zhang S, Li H, Gao Z, Wang C, Guo X. GhWRKY21 regulates ABA-mediated drought tolerance by fine-tuning the expression of GhHAB in cotton. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:2135-2150. [PMID: 32888081 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02590-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We report that GhWRKY21, a WRKY transcription factor, plays essential roles in regulating the intensity of the drought-induced ABA signalling pathway by facilitating the expression of GhHAB in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the most important plant hormones in response to abiotic stress. However, activation of the ABA signalling pathway often leads to growth inhibition. The mechanisms that regulate the intensity of ABA signals are poorly understood. Here, we isolated and analysed the cotton group IId WRKY transcription factor (TF) gene GhWRKY21. Functional analysis indicated that GhWRKY21 plays a negative role in the drought response of cotton. Silencing of GhWRKY21 in cotton dramatically increased drought tolerance, whereas ectopic GhWRKY21 overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana decreased drought tolerance. Furthermore, the GhWRKY21-mediated drought tolerance was ABA dependent. To clarify the mechanism underlying the GhWRKY21-mediated regulation of drought tolerance, 17 clade-A-type type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C) genes, which are negative regulators of ABA signalling, were identified in cotton. Notably, GhWRKY21 interacted specifically with the W-box element within the promoter of GhHAB and regulated its expression. Silencing of GhHAB in cotton yielded a phenotype similar to that of GhWRKY21-silenced cotton. These results suggest that GhWRKY21 regulates the intensity of ABA signals by facilitating the expression of GhHAB. In summary, these findings dramatically improve our understanding of the function of WRKY TFs and provide insights into the mechanism of ABA-mediated drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Peng L, Xie T, Guo Z, Li X, Chang Y, Tu H, Wang S, Wu N, Yao Y, Xiong L. Genome-wide association study revealed genetic variations of ABA sensitivity controlled by multiple stress-related genes in rice. STRESS BIOLOGY 2021; 1:10. [PMID: 37676585 PMCID: PMC10441979 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-021-00011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a critical phytohormone that regulates multiple physiological processes including plant growth and stress tolerance. The core ABA signaling pathway has been well established, but genetic variations mediating ABA responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci and genes associated with ABA sensitivity (reflected by seed germination inhibition by ABA) in a panel of 425 rice accessions. The seed germination assay revealed that Aus and indica rice had stronger ABA sensitivity than japonica rice. A total of 48 non-redundant association loci were detected in the indica subpopulation and whole population, and 386 genes in these loci were responsive to ABA or abiotic stresses. Eight association loci were overlapped with previously reported loci for yield under drought stress or for drought-indicative image traits. Haplotype analyses of important candidate genes such as OsSAPK6, a key component in the ABA signaling core, were performed to identify key SNPs/InDels that may affect gene functions through promoter activity regulation, amino acid variation, or gene splicing. These results provide insights into the genetic basis of ABA sensitivity related to stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zilong Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haifu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shengchang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Nai Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yilong Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lizhong Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhu CL, Xing B, Teng SZ, Deng C, Shen ZY, Ai PF, Lu TG, Zhang SW, Zhang ZG. OsRELA Regulates Leaf Inclination by Repressing the Transcriptional Activity of OsLIC in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:760041. [PMID: 34659326 PMCID: PMC8519309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.760041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Leaf angle is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice, and changes in leaf angle can alter plant architecture to affect photosynthetic efficiency and thus determine grain yield. Therefore, it is important to identify key genes controlling leaf angle and elucidate the molecular mechanisms to improve rice yield. We obtained a mutant rela (regulator of leaf angle) with reduced leaf angle in rice by EMS mutagenesis, and map-based cloning revealed that OsRELA encodes a protein of unknown function. Coincidentally, DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 2 (DEP2) was reported in a previous study with the same gene locus. RNA-seq analysis revealed that OsRELA is involved in regulating the expression of ILI and Expansin family genes. Biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that OsRELA is able to interact with OsLIC, a negative regulator of BR signaling, through its conserved C-terminal domain, which is essential for OsRELA function in rice. The binding of OsRELA can activate the expression of downstream genes repressed by OsLIC, such as OsILI1, a positive regulator of leaf inclination in rice. Therefore, our results suggest that OsRELA can act as a transcriptional regulator and is involved in the regulation of leaf inclination by regulating the transcriptional activity of OsLIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-li Zhu
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Xing
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-zhen Teng
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Deng
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-yong Shen
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peng-fei Ai
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tie-gang Lu
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng-wei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi-guo Zhang
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Beathard C, Mooney S, Al-Saharin R, Goyer A, Hellmann H. Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana R2R3 S23 MYB Transcription Factors as Novel Targets of the Ubiquitin Proteasome-Pathway and Regulators of Salt Stress and Abscisic Acid Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:629208. [PMID: 34489986 PMCID: PMC8417012 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.629208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid response to environmental changes and abiotic stress to coordinate developmental programs is critical for plants. To accomplish this, plants use the ubiquitin proteasome pathway as a flexible and efficient mechanism to control protein stability and to direct cellular reactions. Here, we show that all three members of the R2R3 S23 MYB transcription factor subfamily, MYB1, MYB25, and MYB109, are degraded by the 26S proteasome, likely facilitated by a CUL3-based E3 ligase that uses MATH-BTB/POZ proteins as substrate adaptors. A detailed description of MYB1, MYB25, and MYB109 expression shows their nuclear localization and specific tissue specific expression patterns. It further demonstrates that elevated expression of MYB25 reduces sensitivities toward abscisic acid, osmotic and salt stress in Arabidopsis, while downregulation of all S23 members results in hypersensitivities. Transcriptional profiling in root and shoot of seedlings overexpressing MYB25 shows that the transcription factor widely affects cellular stress pathways related to biotic and abiotic stress control. Overall, the work extends our knowledge on proteins targeted by CUL3-based E3 ligases that use MATH-BTB/POZ proteins as substrate adaptors and provides first information on all members of the MYB S23 subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Beathard
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Sutton Mooney
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Raed Al-Saharin
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
- Department of Applied Biology, Tafila Technical University, At-Tafilah, Jordan
| | - Aymeric Goyer
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR, United States
| | - Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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27
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Ubiquitylation of ABA Receptors and Protein Phosphatase 2C Coreceptors to Modulate ABA Signaling and Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137103. [PMID: 34281157 PMCID: PMC8268412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications play a fundamental role in regulating protein function and stability. In particular, protein ubiquitylation is a multifaceted modification involved in numerous aspects of plant biology. Landmark studies connected the ATP-dependent ubiquitylation of substrates to their degradation by the 26S proteasome; however, nonproteolytic functions of the ubiquitin (Ub) code are also crucial to regulate protein interactions, activity, and localization. Regarding proteolytic functions of Ub, Lys-48-linked branched chains are the most common chain type for proteasomal degradation, whereas promotion of endocytosis and vacuolar degradation is triggered through monoubiquitylation or Lys63-linked chains introduced in integral or peripheral plasma membrane proteins. Hormone signaling relies on regulated protein turnover, and specifically the half-life of ABA signaling components is regulated both through the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system and the endocytic/vacuolar degradation pathway. E3 Ub ligases have been reported that target different ABA signaling core components, i.e., ABA receptors, PP2Cs, SnRK2s, and ABFs/ABI5 transcription factors. In this review, we focused specifically on the ubiquitylation of ABA receptors and PP2C coreceptors, as well as other post-translational modifications of ABA receptors (nitration and phosphorylation) that result in their ubiquitination and degradation.
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Huang R, Liu M, Gong G, Wu P, Patra B, Yuan L, Qin H, Wang X, Wang G, Liao H, Gao L, Yang C, Li H, Zhang S. The Pumilio RNA-binding protein APUM24 regulates seed maturation by fine-tuning the BPM-WRI1 module in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1240-1259. [PMID: 33729679 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pumilio RNA-binding proteins participate in messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation and translational repression, but their roles in plant development are largely unclear. Here, we show that Arabidopsis PUMILIO PROTEIN24 (APUM24), an atypical Pumilio-homology domain-containing protein, plays an important part in regulating seed maturation, a major stage of plant development. APUM24 is strongly expressed in maturing seeds. Reducing APUM24 expression resulted in abnormal seed maturation, wrinkled seeds, and lower seed oil contents, and APUM24 knockdown resulted in lower levels of WRINKLED 1 (WRI1), a key transcription factor controlling seed oil accumulation, and lower expression of WRI1 target genes. APUM24 reduces the mRNA stability of BTB/POZMATH (BPM) family genes, thus decreasing BPM protein levels. BPM is responsible for the 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of WRI1 and has important functions in plant growth and development. The 3' untranslated regions of BPM family genes contain putative Pumilio response elements (PREs), which are bound by APUM24. Reduced BPM or increased WRI1 expression rescued the deficient seed maturation of apum24-2 knockdown mutants, and APUM24 overexpression resulted in increased seed size and weight. Therefore, APUM24 is crucial to seed maturation through its action as a positive regulator fine-tuning the BPM-WRI1 module, making APUM24 a promising target for breeding strategies to increase crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Mengling Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Guanping Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Pingzhi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Barunava Patra
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546, USA
| | - Hongting Qin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Guohe Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Huimei Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Hongqing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shengchun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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29
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Baek W, Lim CW, Lee SC. Pepper E3 ligase CaAIRE1 promotes ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance by degradation of protein phosphatase CaAITP1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4520-4534. [PMID: 33837765 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed defense mechanisms to survive in extreme environmental conditions. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key phytohormone associated with plant adaptation to environmental stress. In this study, we isolated and functionally characterized the pepper RING-type E3 ligase CaAIRE1 (Capsicum annuum ABA Induced RING-type E3 ligase 1) containing the C3HC4-type RING domain. CaAIRE1 was induced by ABA and drought, and CaAIRE1 had E3 ligase activity. CaAIRE1-silenced pepper and CaAIRE1-overexpressing Arabidopsis presented drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant phenotypes, respectively, which were accompanied by altered transpiration water loss and ABA sensitivity. Moreover, we found that CaAIRE1 interacts with and ubiquitinates the pepper type 2C protein phosphatase, CaAITP1 (Capsicum annuum CaAIRE1 Interacting Target Phosphatase 1). A cell-free degradation assay with CaAIRE1-silenced peppers and CaAIRE1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants revealed that the CaAITP1 protein level was negatively modulated by the expression level of CaAIRE1. In contrast to CaAIRE1, CaAITP1-silenced pepper showed ABA-sensitivity phenotypes. CaAITP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants were the most insensitive phenotypes to ABA compared with the wild type and other pepper PP2C-overexpressing plants. Taken together, our data indicate that CaAITP1 plays a major role as a negative modulator in ABA signaling, and CaAIRE1 regulates the ABA signaling and drought response through modulation of CaAITP1 stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Sirko A, Wawrzyńska A, Brzywczy J, Sieńko M. Control of ABA Signaling and Crosstalk with Other Hormones by the Selective Degradation of Pathway Components. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4638. [PMID: 33924944 PMCID: PMC8125534 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and appropriate genetic and metabolic acclimation, which is crucial for plants' survival in a changing environment, is maintained due to the coordinated action of plant hormones and cellular degradation mechanisms influencing proteostasis. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) rapidly accumulates in plants in response to environmental stress and plays a pivotal role in the reaction to various stimuli. Increasing evidence demonstrates a significant role of autophagy in controlling ABA signaling. This field has been extensively investigated and new discoveries are constantly being provided. We present updated information on the components of the ABA signaling pathway, particularly on transcription factors modified by different E3 ligases. Then, we focus on the role of selective autophagy in ABA pathway control and review novel evidence on the involvement of autophagy in different parts of the ABA signaling pathway that are important for crosstalk with other hormones, particularly cytokinins and brassinosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sirko
- Laboratory of Plant Protein Homeostasis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Wawrzyńska
- Laboratory of Plant Protein Homeostasis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (M.S.)
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31
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Cellular Phosphorylation Signaling and Gene Expression in Drought Stress Responses: ABA-Dependent and ABA-Independent Regulatory Systems. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040756. [PMID: 33924307 PMCID: PMC8068880 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a severe and complex abiotic stress that negatively affects plant growth and crop yields. Numerous genes with various functions are induced in response to drought stress to acquire drought stress tolerance. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates mainly in the leaves in response to drought stress and then activates subclass III SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s), which are key phosphoregulators of ABA signaling. ABA mediates a wide variety of gene expression processes through stress-responsive transcription factors, including ABA-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEINS (AREBs)/ABRE-BINDING FACTORS (ABFs) and several other transcription factors. Seed plants have another type of SnRK2s, ABA-unresponsive subclass I SnRK2s, that mediates the stability of gene expression through the mRNA decay pathway and plant growth under drought stress in an ABA-independent manner. Recent research has elucidated the upstream regulators of SnRK2s, RAF-like protein kinases, involved in early responses to drought stress. ABA-independent transcriptional regulatory systems and ABA-responsive regulation function in drought-responsive gene expression. DEHYDRATION RESPONSIVE ELEMENT (DRE) is an important cis-acting element in ABA-independent transcription, whereas ABA-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT (ABRE) cis-acting element functions in ABA-responsive transcription. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in research on cellular and molecular drought stress responses and focus on phosphorylation signaling and transcription networks in Arabidopsis and crops. We also highlight gene networks of transcriptional regulation through two major regulatory pathways, ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways, that ABA-responsive subclass III SnRK2s and ABA-unresponsive subclass I SnRK2s mediate, respectively. We also discuss crosstalk in these regulatory systems under drought stress.
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32
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Joo H, Baek W, Lim CW, Lee SC. Post-translational Modifications of bZIP Transcription Factors in Abscisic Acid Signaling and Drought Responses. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:4-15. [PMID: 34045920 PMCID: PMC8142349 DOI: 10.2174/1389202921999201130112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Under drought stress, plants have developed various mechanisms to survive in the reduced water supply, of which the regulation of stress-related gene expression is responsible for several transcription factors. The basic leucine zippers (bZIPs) are one of the largest and most diverse transcription factor families in plants. Among the 10 Arabidopsis bZIP groups, group A bZIP transcription factors function as a positive or negative regulator in ABA signal transduction and drought stress response. These bZIP transcription factors, which are involved in the drought response, have also been isolated in various plant species such as rice, pepper, potato, and maize. Recent studies have provided substantial evidence that many bZIP transcription factors undergo the post-translational modifications, through which the regulation of their activity or stability affects plant responses to various intracellular or extracellular stimuli. This review aims to address the modulation of the bZIP proteins in ABA signaling and drought responses through phosphorylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Joo
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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33
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Gu SY, Lo WS, Wu SJ, Wang LC. Dimerization of the ETO1 family proteins plays a crucial role in regulating ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:1293-1308. [PMID: 33617140 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHYLENE OVERPRODUCER1 (ETO1), ETO1-LIKE1 (EOL1), and EOL2 are members of the Broad complex, Tramtrack, Bric-a-brac (BTB) protein family that collectively regulate type-2 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Although ETO1 and EOL1/EOL2 encode structurally related proteins, genetic studies suggest that they do not play an equivalent role in regulating ethylene biosynthesis. The mechanistic details underlying the genetic analysis remain elusive. In this study, we reveal that ETO1 collaborates with EOL1/2 to play a key role in the regulation of type-2 ACS activity via protein-protein interactions. ETO1, EOL1, and EOL2 exhibit overlapping but distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. Nevertheless, neither EOL1 nor EOL2 can fully complement the eto1 phenotype under control of the ETO1 promoter, which suggests differential functions of ETO1 and EOL1/EOL2. ETO1 forms homodimers with itself and heterodimers with EOLs. Furthermore, CULLIN3 (CUL3) interacts preferentially with ETO1. The BTB domain of ETO1 is sufficient for interaction with CUL3 and is required for homodimerization. However, domain-swapping analysis in transgenic Arabidopsis suggests that the BTB domain of ETO1 is essential but not sufficient for a full spectrum of ETO1 function. The missense mutation in eto1-5 generates a substitution of phenylalanine with an isoleucine in ETO1F466I that impairs its dimerization and interaction with EOLs but does not affect binding to CUL3 or ACS5. Overexpression of ETO1F466I in Arabidopsis results in a constitutive triple response phenotype in dark-grown seedlings. Our findings reveal the mechanistic role of protein-protein interactions of ETO1 and EOL1/EOL2 that is crucial for their biological function in ethylene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yuan Gu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Sheng Lo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Jye Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Long-Chi Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Chen X, Wang T, Rehman AU, Wang Y, Qi J, Li Z, Song C, Wang B, Yang S, Gong Z. Arabidopsis U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase PUB11 negatively regulates drought tolerance by degrading the receptor-like protein kinases LRR1 and KIN7. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:494-509. [PMID: 33347703 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Both plant receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis play crucial roles in plant responses to drought stress. However, the mechanism by which E3 ubiquitin ligases modulate RLKs is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that Arabidopsis PLANT U-BOX PROTEIN 11 (PUB11), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, negatively regulates abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated drought responses. PUB11 interacts with and ubiquitinates two receptor-like protein kinases, LEUCINE RICH REPEAT PROTEIN 1 (LRR1) and KINASE 7 (KIN7), and mediates their degradation during plant responses to drought stress in vitro and in vivo. pub11 mutants were more tolerant, whereas lrr1 and kin7 mutants were more sensitive, to drought stress than the wild type. Genetic analyses show that the pub11 lrr1 kin7 triple mutant exhibited similar drought sensitivity as the lrr1 kin7 double mutant, placing PUB11 upstream of the two RLKs. Abscisic acid and drought treatment promoted the accumulation of PUB11, which likely accelerates LRR1 and KIN7 degradation. Together, our results reveal that PUB11 negatively regulates plant responses to drought stress by destabilizing the LRR1 and KIN7 RLKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Amin Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250000, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 100193, China
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Miao R, Yuan W, Wang Y, Garcia-Maquilon I, Dang X, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Rodriguez PL, Xu W. Low ABA concentration promotes root growth and hydrotropism through relief of ABA INSENSITIVE 1-mediated inhibition of plasma membrane H +-ATPase 2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/12/eabd4113. [PMID: 33731345 PMCID: PMC7968848 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The hab1-1abi1-2abi2-2pp2ca-1 quadruple mutant (Qabi2-2) seedlings lacking key negative regulators of ABA signaling, namely, clade A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs), show more apoplastic H+ efflux in roots and display an enhanced root growth under normal medium or water stress medium compared to the wild type. The presence of low ABA concentration (0.1 micromolar), inhibiting PP2C activity via monomeric ABA receptors, enhances root apoplastic H+ efflux and growth of the wild type, resembling the Qabi2-2 phenotype in normal medium. Qabi2-2 seedlings also demonstrate increased hydrotropism compared to the wild type in obliquely-oriented hydrotropic experimental system, and asymmetric H+ efflux in root elongation zone is crucial for root hydrotropism. Moreover, we reveal that Arabidopsis ABA-insensitive 1, a key PP2C in ABA signaling, interacts directly with the C terminus of Arabidopsis plasma membrane H+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase 2 (AHA2) and dephosphorylates its penultimate threonine residue (Thr947), whose dephosphorylation negatively regulates AHA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wei Yuan
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Irene Garcia-Maquilon
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Xiaolin Dang
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Chen Q, Bai L, Wang W, Shi H, Ramón Botella J, Zhan Q, Liu K, Yang H, Song C. COP1 promotes ABA-induced stomatal closure by modulating the abundance of ABI/HAB and AHG3 phosphatases. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2035-2049. [PMID: 33048351 PMCID: PMC7898331 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant stomata play a crucial role in leaf function, controlling water transpiration in response to environmental stresses and modulating the gas exchange necessary for photosynthesis. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) promotes stomatal closure and inhibits light-induced stomatal opening. The Arabidopsis thaliana E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 functions in ABA-mediated stomatal closure. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Yeast two-hybrid assays were used to identify ABA signaling components that interact with COP1, and biochemical, molecular and genetic studies were carried out to elucidate the regulatory role of COP1 in ABA signaling. The cop1 mutants are hyposensitive to ABA-triggered stomatal closure under light and dark conditions. COP1 interacts with and ubiquitinates the Arabidopsis clade A type 2C phosphatases (PP2Cs) ABI/HAB group and AHG3, thus triggering their degradation. Abscisic acid enhances the COP1-mediated degradation of these PP2Cs. Mutations in ABI1 and AHG3 partly rescue the cop1 stomatal phenotype and the phosphorylation level of OST1, a crucial SnRK2-type kinase in ABA signaling. Our data indicate that COP1 is part of a novel signaling pathway promoting ABA-mediated stomatal closure by regulating the stability of a subset of the Clade A PP2Cs. These findings provide novel insights into the interplay between ABA and the light signaling component in the modulation of stomatal movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
| | - Ling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
| | - Huazhong Shi
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA
| | - José Ramón Botella
- Plant Genetic Engineering LaboratorySchool of Agriculture and Food SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland4072Australia
| | - Qidi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
| | - Hong‐Quan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular SciencesCollege of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China
| | - Chun‐Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan University85 Minglun StreetKaifeng475001China
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Bouchnak I, van Wijk KJ. Structure, function, and substrates of Clp AAA+ protease systems in cyanobacteria, plastids, and apicoplasts: A comparative analysis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100338. [PMID: 33497624 PMCID: PMC7966870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
ATPases Associated with diverse cellular Activities (AAA+) are a superfamily of proteins that typically assemble into hexameric rings. These proteins contain AAA+ domains with two canonical motifs (Walker A and B) that bind and hydrolyze ATP, allowing them to perform a wide variety of different functions. For example, AAA+ proteins play a prominent role in cellular proteostasis by controlling biogenesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation of proteins present within the cell. Several central proteolytic systems (e.g., Clp, Deg, FtsH, Lon, 26S proteasome) use AAA+ domains or AAA+ proteins to unfold protein substrates (using energy from ATP hydrolysis) to make them accessible for degradation. This allows AAA+ protease systems to degrade aggregates and large proteins, as well as smaller proteins, and feed them as linearized molecules into a protease chamber. This review provides an up-to-date and a comparative overview of the essential Clp AAA+ protease systems in Cyanobacteria (e.g., Synechocystis spp), plastids of photosynthetic eukaryotes (e.g., Arabidopsis, Chlamydomonas), and apicoplasts in the nonphotosynthetic apicomplexan pathogen Plasmodium falciparum. Recent progress and breakthroughs in identifying Clp protease structures, substrates, substrate adaptors (e.g., NblA/B, ClpS, ClpF), and degrons are highlighted. We comment on the physiological importance of Clp activity, including plastid biogenesis, proteostasis, the chloroplast Protein Unfolding Response, and metabolism, across these diverse lineages. Outstanding questions as well as research opportunities and priorities to better understand the essential role of Clp systems in cellular proteostasis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Bouchnak
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Klaas J van Wijk
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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Hsu PK, Dubeaux G, Takahashi Y, Schroeder JI. Signaling mechanisms in abscisic acid-mediated stomatal closure. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:307-321. [PMID: 33145840 PMCID: PMC7902384 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of stomatal movements under water-deficit conditions. The identification of ABA receptors and the ABA signaling core consisting of PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors, PP2C protein phosphatases and SnRK2 protein kinases has led to studies that have greatly advanced our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms mediating ABA-induced stomatal closure in the past decade. This review focuses on recent progress in illuminating the regulatory mechanisms of ABA signal transduction, and the physiological importance of basal ABA signaling in stomatal regulation by CO2 and, as hypothesized here, vapor-pressure deficit. Furthermore, advances in understanding the interactions of ABA and other stomatal signaling pathways are reviewed here. We also review recent studies investigating the use of ABA signaling mechanisms for the manipulation of stomatal conductance and the enhancement of drought tolerance and water-use efficiency of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kai Hsu
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Guillaume Dubeaux
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Cell and Developmental Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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Ban Z, Estelle M. CUL3 E3 ligases in plant development and environmental response. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:6-16. [PMID: 33452490 PMCID: PMC8932378 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-00833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thirty years of research have revealed the fundamental role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in diverse aspects of cellular regulation in eukaryotes. The ubiquitin-protein ligases or E3s are central to the ubiquitin-proteasome system since they determine the specificity of ubiquitylation. The cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) constitute one large class of E3s that can be subdivided based on the cullin isoform and the substrate adapter. SCF complexes, composed of CUL1 and the SKP1/F-box protein substrate adapter, are perhaps the best characterized in plants. More recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the essential roles of CRL3 E3s, consisting of a CUL3 protein and a BTB/POZ substrate adaptor. In this Review, we describe the variety of CRL3s functioning in plants and the wide range of processes that they regulate. Furthermore, we illustrate how different classes of E3s may cooperate to regulate specific pathways or processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaonan Ban
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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40
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Qu L, Sun M, Li X, He R, Zhong M, Luo D, Liu X, Zhao X. The Arabidopsis F-box protein FOF2 regulates ABA-mediated seed germination and drought tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110643. [PMID: 33218620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role at various plant developmental stages, including seed germination and seedling development, and regulates stomatal aperture in response to drought. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we showed that F-BOX OF FLOWERING 2 (FOF2) is induced by ABA and drought stress. Overexpression of FOF2 led to reduced ABA sensitivity during seed germination and early seedling development, whereas the fof2 mutant exhibited increased sensitivity to ABA. Molecular and genetic analyses revealed that FOF2 negatively affected ABA-mediated seed germination and early seedling development partially by repressing the expression of the ABA-signaling genes ABI3 and ABI5. Additionally, we found that FOF2-overexpressing plants exhibited increased ABA contents, enhanced ABA sensitivity during stomatal closure, and decreased water loss, thereby improving tolerance to drought stress, in contrast to the fof2 mutant. Consistent with a higher ABA content and enhanced drought tolerance, the expression of ABA- and drought-induced genes and the ABA-biosynthesis gene NCED3 was upregulated in the FOF2-overexpressing plants but downregulated in fof2 mutant in response to drought stress. Taken together, our findings revealed that FOF2 plays an important negative role in ABA-mediated seed germination and early seedling development, as well as a positive role in ABA-mediated drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Mengsi Sun
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xinmei Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Reqing He
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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41
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Komatsu K, Takezawa D, Sakata Y. Decoding ABA and osmostress signalling in plants from an evolutionary point of view. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2894-2911. [PMID: 33459424 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is fundamental for land plant adaptation to water-limited conditions. Osmostress, such as drought, induces ABA accumulation in angiosperms, triggering physiological responses such as stomata closure. The core components of angiosperm ABA signalling are soluble ABA receptors, group A protein phosphatase type 2C and SNF1-related protein kinase2 (SnRK2). ABA also has various functions in non-angiosperms, however, suggesting that its role in adaptation to land may not have been angiosperm-specific. Indeed, among land plants, the core ABA signalling components are evolutionarily conserved, implying their presence in a common ancestor. Results of ongoing functional genomics studies of ABA signalling components in bryophytes and algae have expanded our understanding of the evolutionary role of ABA signalling, with genome sequencing uncovering the ABA core module even in algae. In this review, we describe recent discoveries involving the ABA core module in non-angiosperms, tracing the footprints of how ABA evolved as a phytohormone. We also cover the latest findings on Raf-like kinases as upstream regulators of the core ABA module component SnRK2. Finally, we discuss the origin of ABA signalling from an evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Komatsu
- Department of Bioresource Development, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takezawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Yu F, Cao X, Liu G, Wang Q, Xia R, Zhang X, Xie Q. ESCRT-I Component VPS23A Is Targeted by E3 Ubiquitin Ligase XBAT35 for Proteasome-Mediated Degradation in Modulating ABA Signaling. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:1556-1569. [PMID: 32919085 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A myriad of abiotic stress responses in plants are controlled by abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. ABA receptors can be degraded by both the 26S proteasome pathway and vacuolar degradation pathway after processing via the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins. Despite being essential for ABA signaling, the upstream regulators of ESCRTs remain unknown. Here, we report that the ESCRT-I component VPS23A is an unstable protein that is degraded via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The UEV domain of VPS23A physically interacts with the two PSAP motifs of XBAT35, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and this interaction results in the deposition of K48 polyubiquitin chains on VPS23A, marking it for degradation by 26S proteasomes. We showed that XBAT35 in plants is a positive regulator of ABA responses that acts via the VPS23A/PYL4 complex, specifically by accelerating VPS23A turnover and thereby increasing accumulation of the ABA receptor PYL4. This work deciphers how an ESCRT component is regulated in plants and deepens our understanding of plant stress responses by illustrating a mechanism whereby crosstalk between the UPS and endosome-vacuole-mediated degradation pathways controls ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ran Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
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The UBC27-AIRP3 ubiquitination complex modulates ABA signaling by promoting the degradation of ABI1 in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27694-27702. [PMID: 33077597 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007366117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is the key phytohormone in plant drought tolerance and stress adaptation. The clade A protein phosphatase 2Cs (PP2Cs) like ABI1 (ABA-INSENSITIVE 1) work as coreceptors of ABA and regulate multiple ABA responses. Ubiquitination of ABI1 has been proven to play important regulatory roles in ABA signaling. However, the specific ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) involved is unknown. Here, we report that UBC27 is an active E2 that positively regulates ABA signaling and drought tolerance. UBC27 forms the E2-E3 pair with the drought regulator RING E3 ligase AIRP3. Both UBC27 and AIRP3 interact with ABI1 and affect the ubiquitination and degradation of ABI1. ABA activates the expression of UBC27, inhibits the proteasome degradation of UBC27, and enhances the interaction between UBC27 and ABI1 to increase its activity. These findings uncover a regulatory mechanism in ABA signaling and drought response and provide a further understanding of the plant ubiquitination system and ABA signaling pathway.
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Orosa B, Üstün S, Calderón Villalobos LIA, Genschik P, Gibbs D, Holdsworth MJ, Isono E, Lois M, Trujillo M, Sadanandom A. Plant proteostasis - shaping the proteome: a research community aiming to understand molecular mechanisms that control protein abundance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:1028-1033. [PMID: 32662105 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Orosa
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Suayib Üstün
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Luz I A Calderón Villalobos
- Molecular Signal Processing Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Pascal Genschik
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, Strasbourg, 67084, France
| | - Daniel Gibbs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Erika Isono
- Department of Biology, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Konstanz, Box 602, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
| | - Maria Lois
- Centre for Research in Agronomical Genomics, Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Marco Trujillo
- Faculty of Biology, Institute for Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Ari Sadanandom
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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Joo H, Lim CW, Lee SC. The pepper RING-type E3 ligase, CaATIR1, positively regulates abscisic acid signalling and drought response by modulating the stability of CaATBZ1. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1911-1924. [PMID: 32421865 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system is a critical process that modulates many eukaryotic cellular processes. E3 ligase usually modulates stress response by adjusting the stability of transcription factors. Previous studies have shown that a RING-type E3 ligase, CaASRF1, positively modulates abscisic acid (ABA) signalling and ABA-mediated drought response by modulating the stability of CaAIBZ1 and CaATBZ1. In this study, we conducted yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening with CaATBZ1 to isolate an additional modulator, identified as CaATIR1 (Capsicum annuum ATBZ1 Interacting RING finger protein 1). CaATIR1 has E3 ligase activity and promoted CaATBZ1 degradation using the 26S proteasome system. We investigated the loss-of and gain-of functions of this E3 ligase by using silencing pepper and overexpressing (OX) Arabidopsis plants, respectively. In response to ABA and drought treatments, CaATIR1-silenced pepper plants showed ABA insensitive and drought-sensitive phenotypes, while CaATIR1-OX plants showed the opposite phenotypes. Additionally, CaATBZ1-silencing rescued the ABA insensitive and drought-sensitive phenotypes of CaATIR1-silencing pepper plants. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the stability of CaATBZ1 mediated by CaATIR1 has a crucial role in drought stress signalling in pepper plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Joo
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (BK21 Program), Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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46
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Fernandez MA, Belda-Palazon B, Julian J, Coego A, Lozano-Juste J, Iñigo S, Rodriguez L, Bueso E, Goossens A, Rodriguez PL. RBR-Type E3 Ligases and the Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC26 Regulate Abscisic Acid Receptor Levels and Signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 182:1723-1742. [PMID: 31699847 PMCID: PMC7140949 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The turnover of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling core components modulates the plant's response to ABA and is regulated by ubiquitination. We show that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RING Finger ABA-Related1 (RFA1) and RFA4 E3 ubiquitin ligases, members of the RING between RING fingers (RBR)-type RSL1/RFA family, are key regulators of ABA receptor stability in root and leaf tissues, targeting ABA receptors for degradation in different subcellular locations. RFA1 is localized both in the nucleus and cytosol, whereas RFA4 shows specific nuclear localization and promotes nuclear degradation of ABA receptors. Therefore, members of the RSL1/RFA family interact with ABA receptors at plasma membrane, cytosol, and nucleus, targeting them for degradation via the endosomal/vacuolar RSL1-dependent pathway or 26S proteasome. Additionally, we provide insight into the physiological function of the relatively unexplored plant RBR-type E3 ligases, and through mutagenesis and biochemical assays we identified cysteine-361 in RFA4 as the putative active site cysteine, which is a distinctive feature of RBR-type E3 ligases. Endogenous levels of PYR1 and PYL4 ABA receptors were higher in the rfa1 rfa4 double mutant than in wild-type plants. UBC26 was identified as the cognate nuclear E2 enzyme that interacts with the RFA4 E3 ligase and forms UBC26-RFA4-receptor complexes in nuclear speckles. Loss-of-function ubc26 alleles and the rfa1 rfa4 double mutant showed enhanced sensitivity to ABA and accumulation of ABA receptors compared with the wild type. Together, our results reveal a sophisticated mechanism by which ABA receptors are targeted by ubiquitin at different subcellular locations, in which the complexity of the ABA receptor family is mirrored in the partner RBR-type E3 ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Fernandez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Belda-Palazon
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Julian
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Coego
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Lozano-Juste
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabrina Iñigo
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lesia Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Bueso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alain Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Uiversidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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47
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CUL3 BPM E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 stability and JA responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:6205-6215. [PMID: 32123086 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912199117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The jasmonate (JA)-pathway regulators MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 are central nodes in plant signaling networks integrating environmental and developmental signals to fine-tune JA defenses and plant growth. Continuous activation of MYC activity is potentially lethal. Hence, MYCs need to be tightly regulated in order to optimize plant fitness. Among the increasing number of mechanisms regulating MYC activity, protein stability is arising as a major player. However, how the levels of MYC proteins are modulated is still poorly understood. Here, we report that MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4 are targets of BPM (BTB/POZ-MATH) proteins, which act as substrate adaptors of CUL3-based E3 ubiquitin ligases. Reduction of function of CUL3BPM in amiR-bpm lines, bpm235 triple mutants, and cul3ab double mutants enhances MYC2 and MYC3 stability and accumulation and potentiates plant responses to JA such as root-growth inhibition and MYC-regulated gene expression. Moreover, MYC3 polyubiquitination levels are reduced in amiR-bpm lines. BPM3 protein is stabilized by JA, suggesting a negative feedback regulatory mechanism to control MYC activity, avoiding harmful runaway responses. Our results uncover a layer for JA-pathway regulation by CUL3BPM-mediated degradation of MYC transcription factors.
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48
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Škiljaica A, Lechner E, Jagić M, Majsec K, Malenica N, Genschik P, Bauer N. The protein turnover of Arabidopsis BPM1 is involved in regulation of flowering time and abiotic stress response. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:359-372. [PMID: 31848919 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein degradation is essential in plant growth and development. The stability of Cullin3 substrate adaptor protein BPM1 is regulated by multiple environmental cues pointing on manifold control of targeted protein degradation. A small family of six MATH-BTB genes (BPM1-6) is described in Arabidopsis thaliana. BPM proteins are part of the Cullin E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes and are known to bind at least three families of transcription factors: ERF/AP2 class I, homeobox-leucine zipper and R2R3 MYB. By targeting these transcription factors for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, BPMs play an important role in plant flowering, seed development and abiotic stress response. In this study, we generated BPM1-overexpressing plants that showed an early flowering phenotype, resistance to abscisic acid and tolerance to osmotic stress. We analyzed BPM1-GFP protein stability and found that the protein has a high turnover rate and is degraded by the proteasome 26S in a Cullin-dependent manner. Finally, we found that BPM1 protein stability is environmentally conditioned. Darkness and salt stress triggered BPM1 degradation, whereas elevated temperature enhanced BPM1 stability and accumulation in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Škiljaica
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Esther Lechner
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventioné avec l'Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mateja Jagić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Majsec
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nenad Malenica
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pascal Genschik
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventioné avec l'Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Natasa Bauer
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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49
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Ali A, Pardo JM, Yun DJ. Desensitization of ABA-Signaling: The Swing From Activation to Degradation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:379. [PMID: 32391026 PMCID: PMC7188955 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key plant stress-signaling hormone that accumulates upon osmotic stresses such as drought and high salinity. Several proteins have been identified that constitute the ABA-signaling pathway. Among them ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR), co-receptor PP2Cs (protein phosphatases), SnRK2 kinases (SNF1-related protein kinases) and ABI5/ABFs (transcription factors) are the major components. Upon ABA signal, PYR/PYL receptors interact with and recruit PP2Cs, releasing SnRK2s kinases from sequestration with PP2Cs. This allows SnKR2s to promote the activation of downstream transcription factors of ABA pathway. However, apart from activation, ubiquitination and degradation of core proteins in the ABA pathway by the ubiquitin proteasome system is less explored. In this review we will focus on the recent findings about feedback regulation of ABA signaling core proteins through degradation, which is emerging as a critical step that modulates and eventually ceases the signal relay. Additionally, we also discuss the importance of the recently identified effector protein HOS15, which negatively regulate ABA-signaling through degradation of OST1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jose M. Pardo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dae-Jin Yun,
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50
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Chen K, Li GJ, Bressan RA, Song CP, Zhu JK, Zhao Y. Abscisic acid dynamics, signaling, and functions in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:25-54. [PMID: 31850654 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. It has an essential role in multiple physiological processes of plants, such as stomatal closure, cuticular wax accumulation, leaf senescence, bud dormancy, seed germination, osmotic regulation, and growth inhibition among many others. Abscisic acid controls downstream responses to abiotic and biotic environmental changes through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. During the past 20 years, ABA biosynthesis and many of its signaling pathways have been well characterized. Here we review the dynamics of ABA metabolic pools and signaling that affects many of its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong Chen
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guo-Jun Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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