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Yang LZ, Yang Y, Hong C, Wu QZ, Shi XJ, Liu YL, Chen GZ. Systematic Mendelian Randomization Exploring Druggable Genes for Hemorrhagic Strokes. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04336-9. [PMID: 38977622 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Patients with hemorrhagic stroke have high rates of morbidity and mortality, and drugs for prevention are very limited. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can increase the success rate of drug development by providing genetic evidence. Previous MR analyses only analyzed the role of individual drug target genes in hemorrhagic stroke; therefore, we used MR analysis to systematically explore the druggable genes for hemorrhagic stroke. We sequentially performed summary-data-based MR analysis and two-sample MR analysis to assess the associations of all genes within the database with intracranial aneurysm, intracerebral hemorrhage, and their subtypes. Validated genes were further analyzed by colocalization. Only genes that were positive in all three analyses and were druggable were considered desirable genes. We also explored the mediators of genes affecting hemorrhagic stroke incidence. Finally, the associations of druggable genes with other cardiovascular diseases were analyzed to assess potential side effects. We identified 56 genes that significantly affected hemorrhagic stroke incidence. Moreover, TNFSF12, SLC22A4, SPARC, KL, RELT, and ADORA3 were found to be druggable. The inhibition of TNFSF12, SLC22A4, and SPARC can reduce the risk of intracranial aneurysm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Gene-induced hypertension may be a potential mechanism by which these genes cause hemorrhagic stroke. We also found that blocking these genes may cause side effects, such as ischemic stroke and its subtypes. Our study revealed that six druggable genes were associated with hemorrhagic stroke, and the inhibition of TNFSF12, SLC22A4, and SPARC had preventive effects against hemorrhagic strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun-Zhe Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Zhe Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong-Jie Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Lin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Zhong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Shira KA, Thornton KJ, Murdoch BM, Becker GM, Chibisa GE, Murdoch GK. Expression and secretion of SPARC, FGF-21 and DCN in bovine muscle cells: Effects of age and differentiation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299975. [PMID: 38959242 PMCID: PMC11221754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth is an economically important trait in the cattle industry. Secreted muscle-derived proteins, referred to as myokines, have important roles in regulating the growth, metabolism, and health of skeletal muscle in human and biomedical research models. Accumulating evidence supports the importance of myokines in skeletal muscle and whole-body health, though little is known about the potential presence and functional significance of these proteins in cattle. This study evaluates and confirms that secreted proteins acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), myostatin (MSTN), and decorin (DCN) are expressed and SPARC, FGF-21, and DCN are secreted by primary bovine satellite cells from 3- (BSC3; n = 3) and 11- (BSC11; n = 3) month -old commercial angus steers. Cells were cultured and collected at zero, 12, 24, and 48 hours to characterize temporal expression and secretion from undifferentiated and differentiated cells. The expression of SPARC was higher in the undifferentiated (p = 0.04) and differentiated (p = 0.07) BSC11 than BSC3. The same was observed with protein secretion from undifferentiated (p <0.0001) BSC11 compared to BSC3. Protein secretion of FGF-21 was higher in undifferentiated BSC11 (p < 0.0001) vs. BSC3. DCN expression was higher in differentiated BSC11 (p = 0.006) vs. BSC3. Comparing undifferentiated vs. differentiated BSC, MSTN expression was higher in differentiated BSC3 (p ≤ 0.001) for 0, 12, and 24 hours and in BSC11 (p ≤ 0.03) for 0, 12, 24, and 48 hours. There is also a change over time for SPARC expression (p ≤ 0.03) in undifferentiated and differentiated BSC and protein secretion (p < 0.0001) in undifferentiated BSC, as well as FGF-21 expression (p = 0.007) in differentiated BSC. This study confirms SPARC, FGF-21, and DCN are secreted, and SPARC, FGF-21, MSTN, and DCN are expressed in primary bovine muscle cells with age and temporal differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Shira
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Kara J. Thornton
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Science, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America
| | - Brenda M. Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Gabrielle M. Becker
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Gwinyai E. Chibisa
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Gordon K. Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
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Ling H, Li Y, Peng C, Yang S, Seto E. HDAC10 inhibition represses melanoma cell growth and BRAF inhibitor resistance via upregulating SPARC expression. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae018. [PMID: 38650694 PMCID: PMC11034028 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a conserved secreted glycoprotein, plays crucial roles in regulating various biological processes. SPARC is highly expressed and has profound implications in several cancer types, including melanoma. Understanding the mechanisms that govern SPARC expression in cancers has the potential to lead to improved cancer diagnosis, prognosis, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes. Here, we demonstrate that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) is a key regulator of SPARC expression in melanoma cells. Depletion or inhibition of HDAC10 upregulates SPARC expression, whereas overexpression of HDAC10 downregulates it. Mechanistically, HDAC10 coordinates with histone acetyltransferase p300 to modulate the state of acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27ac) at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) to these regions, thereby fine-tuning SPARC transcription. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation repress melanoma cell growth primarily by activating AMPK signaling and inducing autophagy. Moreover, SPARC upregulation due to HDAC10 depletion partly accounts for the resensitization of resistant cells to a BRAF inhibitor. Our work reveals the role of HDAC10 in gene regulation through indirect histone modification and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma or other cancers by targeting HDAC10 and SPARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Ling
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Yixuan Li
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Changmin Peng
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State Cancer Institute, The Penn State University, 400 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Edward Seto
- George Washington Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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Ling H, Li Y, Peng C, Yang S, Seto E. HDAC10 blockade upregulates SPARC expression thereby repressing melanoma cell growth and BRAF inhibitor resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.05.570182. [PMID: 38106051 PMCID: PMC10723323 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC), a highly conserved secreted glycoprotein, is crucial for various bioprocesses. Here we demonstrate that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) is a key regulator of SPARC expression. HDAC10 depletion or inhibition upregulates, while overexpression of HDAC10 downregulates, SPARC expression. Mechanistically, HDAC10 coordinates with histone acetyltransferase p300 to modulate the acetylation state of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) to these regions, thereby tuning SPARC transcription. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation repress melanoma cell growth, primarily by induction of autophagy via activation of AMPK signaling. Moreover, SPARC upregulation due to HDAC10 depletion partly accounts for the resensitivity of resistant cells to a BRAF inhibitor. Our work reveals the role of HDAC10 in gene regulation through epigenetic modification and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma or other cancers by targeting HDAC10 and SPARC. Highlights HDAC10 is the primary HDAC member that tightly controls SPARC expression. HDAC10 coordinates with p300 in modulating the H3K27ac state at SPARC regulatory elements and the recruitment of BRD4 to these regions. HDAC10 depletion and resultant SPARC upregulation inhibit melanoma cell growth by inducing autophagy via activation of AMPK signaling.SPARC upregulation as a result of HDAC10 depletion resensitizes resistant cells to BRAF inhibitors.
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Arqueros C, Salazar J, Gallardo A, Andrés M, Tibau A, Lidia Bell O, Artigas A, Lasa A, Ramón y Cajal T, Lerma E, Barnadas A. Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine ( SPARC) Polymorphisms in Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3231. [PMID: 38137452 PMCID: PMC10741005 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression has been proposed as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for some cancer types, but knowledge about the predictive value of SPARC polymorphisms in the context of neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC) is lacking. In 132 HER2-negative BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we determined polymorphisms in the SPARC gene and analyzed their association with outcome. We also determined SPARC protein expression in tumor tissue. SPARC rs19789707 was significantly associated with response to treatment according to the Miller and Payne system in the breast (multivariate: odds ratio (OR), 3.81; p = 0.028). This association was significant in the subgroup of patients with luminal tumors (univariate: p = 0.047). Regarding survival, two SPARC variants showed significant associations with event-free survival: the rs19789707 variant in the subgroup of luminal A tumors (univariate: p = 0.006), and the rs4958487 variant in the subgroup of luminal B tumors (univariate: p = 0.022). In addition, SPARC rs4958487, rs10065756, and rs12153644 were significantly correlated with SPARC protein expression. Our findings suggest that SPARC polymorphisms could be good predictors of treatment response and survival in BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, especially those with luminal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Arqueros
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juliana Salazar
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Andrés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Ariadna Tibau
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Olga Lidia Bell
- Translational Medical Oncology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Artigas
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
| | - Adriana Lasa
- Genetics Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain (A.L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramón y Cajal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrique Lerma
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Institut de Recerca Sant Pau—CERCA Center, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (A.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (C.A.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Atorrasagasti C, Onorato AM, Mazzolini G. The role of SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) in the pathogenesis of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:815-831. [PMID: 36018492 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein with pleiotropic functions, which is expressed in adipose, hepatic, muscular, and pancreatic tissue. Particularly, several studies demonstrated that SPARC is an important player in the context of obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease including advanced hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Evidence in murine and human samples indicates that SPARC is involved in adipogenesis, cellular metabolism, extracellular matrix modulation, glucose and lipid metabolism, among others. Furthermore, studies in SPARC knockout mouse model showed that SPARC contributes to adipose tissue formation, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and diabetes. Hence, SPARC may represent a novel and interesting target protein for future therapeutic interventions or a biomarker of disease progression. This review summarizes the role of SPARC in the pathophysiology of obesity, and extensively revised SPARC functions in physiological and pathological adipose tissue deposition, muscle metabolism, liver, and diabetes-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Atorrasagasti
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Perón 1500 (B1629AHJ) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Agostina M Onorato
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Perón 1500 (B1629AHJ) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, CONICET- Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Perón 1500 (B1629AHJ) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Av. Pte. Perón 1500 (B1629AHJ) Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Grande G, Graziani A, De Toni L, Garolla A, Milardi D, Ferlin A. Acquired Male Hypogonadism in the Post-Genomic Era-A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1854. [PMID: 37763258 PMCID: PMC10532903 DOI: 10.3390/life13091854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although precision medicine took its first steps from genomic medicine, it has gone far beyond genomics, considering the full complexity of cellular physiology. Therefore, the present time can be considered as the "post-genomic era". In detail, proteomics captures the overall protein profile of an analyzed sample, whilst metabolomics has the purpose of studying the molecular aspects of a known medical condition through the measurement of metabolites with low molecular weight in biological specimens. In this review, the role of post-genomic platforms, namely proteomics and metabolomics, is evaluated with a specific interest in their application for the identification of novel biomarkers in male hypogonadism and in the identification of new perspectives of knowledge on the pathophysiological function of testosterone. Post-genomic platforms, including MS-based proteomics and metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-HRMS, have been applied to find solutions to clinical questions related to the diagnosis and treatment of male hypogonadism. In detail, seminal proteomics helped us in identifying novel non-invasive markers of androgen activity to be translated into clinical practice, sperm proteomics revealed the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis, while serum metabolomics helped identify the different metabolic pathways associated with testosterone deficiency and replacement treatment, both in patients with insulin sensitivity and patients with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grande
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (L.D.T.); (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrea Graziani
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (L.D.T.); (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Luca De Toni
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (L.D.T.); (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrea Garolla
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (L.D.T.); (A.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Domenico Milardi
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” Scientific Hospitalization and Treatment Institute (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Ferlin
- Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (L.D.T.); (A.G.); (A.F.)
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Liu D, Wang L, Hu Z, Ma Z, Yang Q. Association Between SPARC Polymorphisms and Ankylosing Spondylitis and Its mRNA and Protein Expression in a Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:3533-3542. [PMID: 37605781 PMCID: PMC10440112 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s419094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We explore the association of polymorphisms in Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and detect SPARC mRNA and protein expression in a Chinese Han population. Methods Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SPARC were genotyped in 768 AS patients and 768 controls by TaqMan genotyping assay. mRNA expression of SPARC was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and serum level of SPARC protein was detected by ELISA. Results The frequency of A allele of rs171121187 was significantly higher in AS patients than in controls (Pc=0.003, odds ratio [OR]=1.45, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.18-1.77), the AA and AC genotypes increased the risk of AS when compared with CC genotype (Pc=0.003, OR=3.96, 95% CI=1.80-8.75, and Pc=0.003, OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.01-1.61, respectively). The frequency of G allele of rs4958487 was significantly lower in AS than in controls (Pc=0.001, OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.47-0.68), the GG and GA genotypes reduced the risk of AS when compared with AA genotype (Pc=0.005, OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.18-1.14, and Pc=0.005, OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.45-0.79, respectively). The haplotype AA of rs17112187/rs4958487 significantly increased the risk of AS (P=2.31E-5, OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.28-1.98), while haplotype CG decreased the risk of AS (P=5.42E-5, OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.41-0.74). Expression levels of SPARC mRNA were significantly lower in both Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and granulocytes in AS patients than in controls (P=0.008 and P=0.005, respectively). SPARC protein levels were also reduced in AS patients versus the controls (P=0.002). Conclusion This study indicates that polymorphisms in SPARC are associated with AS susceptibility, and both mRNA and protein levels of SPARC are decreased in AS patients in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Heze Medical College, Heze, 274000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongdan Hu
- Tianjin Zhonghe Clinic Co. Ltd. of Heping District, Tianjin, 300450, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingrui Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China
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Jiang S, Sun HF, Li S, Zhang N, Chen JS, Liu JX. SPARC: a potential target for functional nanomaterials and drugs. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1235428. [PMID: 37577749 PMCID: PMC10419254 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1235428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), also termed osteonectin or BM-40, is a matricellular protein which regulates cell adhesion, extracellular matrix production, growth factor activity, and cell cycle. Although SPARC does not perform a structural function, it, however, modulates interactions between cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix due to its anti-proliferative and anti-adhesion properties. The overexpression of SPARC at sites, including injury, regeneration, obesity, cancer, and inflammation, reveals its application as a prospective target and therapeutic indicator in the treatment and assessment of disease. This article comprehensively summarizes the mechanism of SPARC overexpression in inflammation and tumors as well as the latest research progress of functional nanomaterials in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis and tumors by manipulating SPARC as a new target. This article provides ideas for using functional nanomaterials to treat inflammatory diseases through the SPARC target. The purpose of this article is to provide a reference for ongoing disease research based on SPARC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Hui-Feng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- College Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Ji-Song Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Lara ML, Carvalho MG, de Souza FF, Schmith RA, Codognoto VM, De Vita B, Freitas Dell'Aqua CDP, Landim FDC, Alvarenga MLE. Influence of culture conditions on the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells derived from feline adipose tissue: Proteomics approach. Biochimie 2023; 211:78-86. [PMID: 36931338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells derived from feline adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) and compare the effects of different culture conditions on AD-MSC proteomics using a shotgun approach. Adipose tissue was collected from 5 female cats and prepared to culture. Conditioned media was collected at third passage, in which the cells were cultured under 4 conditions, normoxia with fetal bovine serum (N + FBS), hypoxia with FBS (H + FBS), normoxia without FBS (N - FBS), and hypoxia without FBS (H - FBS). Then, the secretome was concentrated and prepared for proteomic approaches. Secretomes cultured with FBS-free medium had more than twice identified proteins in comparison with the secretomes cultured with FBS. In contrast, hypoxic conditions did not increase protein amount and affected only a small proteome fraction. Relevant proteins were related to the extracellular matrix promoting environmental modulation, influencing cell signaling pathways, and providing a suitable environment for cell proliferation and maintenance. Moreover, other proteins were also related to cell adhesion, migration and morphogenesis. Culture conditions can influence protein abundance in AD-MSC secretome, and can give also more specificity to cell and cell-free treatments for different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Lara
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Gomides Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ferreira de Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rubia Alves Schmith
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Maria Codognoto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna De Vita
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; International Product Marketing Manager - PROCARE HEALTH, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunha, Spain
| | - Camila de Paula Freitas Dell'Aqua
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernada da Cruz Landim
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Landim E Alvarenga
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Omics Animal Biotechnology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Castañeda S, Vicente-Rabaneda EF. Disentangling the molecular interplays between subchondral bone and articular cartilage in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:6-8. [PMID: 36182034 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santos Castañeda
- Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Cátedra UAM-ROCHE, EPID-Future, Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Coassolo L, Dannieskiold-Samsøe NB, Zhao M, Allen H, Svensson KJ. New players of the adipose secretome: Therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022; 67:102302. [PMID: 36195010 PMCID: PMC9772291 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a functional endocrine organ comprised of adipocytes and other cell types that are known to secrete a multiplicity of adipose-derived factors, including lipids and proteins. It is well established that adipose tissue and its secretome can impact systemic energy homeostasis. The endocrine and paracrine effects of adipose-derived factors have been widely studied over the last several decades. Owing to technological advances in genomics and proteomics, several additional adipose-derived protein factors have recently been identified. By learning from previous efforts, the next challenge will be to leverage these discoveries for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disorders. Here, we discuss recently discovered adipose-derived proteins secreted from white or brown adipose tissue and the opportunities and challenges of translating these biological findings into disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Coassolo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Niels Banhos Dannieskiold-Samsøe
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hobson Allen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katrin J Svensson
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA.
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13
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Shaka S, Carpo N, Tran V, Cepeda C, Espinosa-Jeffrey A. Space Microgravity Alters Neural Stem Cell Division: Implications for Brain Cancer Research on Earth and in Space. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14320. [PMID: 36430810 PMCID: PMC9699585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the imminence of long-term space travel, it is necessary to investigate the impact of space microgravity (SPC-µG) in order to determine if this environment has consequences on the astronauts' health, in particular, neural and cognitive functions. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the basis for the regeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) cell populations and learning how weightlessness impacts NSCs in health and disease provides a critical tool for the potential mitigation of specific mechanisms leading to neurological disorders. In previous studies, we found that exposure to SPC-µG resulted in enhanced proliferation, a shortened cell cycle, and a larger cell diameter of NSCs compared to control cells. Here, we report the frequent occurrence of abnormal cell division (ACD) including incomplete cell division (ICD), where cytokinesis is not successfully completed, and multi-daughter cell division (MDCD) of NSCs following SPC-µG as well as secretome exposure compared to ground control (1G) NSCs. These findings provide new insights into the potential health implications of space travel and have far-reaching implications for understanding the mechanisms leading to the deleterious effects of long-term space travel as well as potential carcinogenic susceptibility. Knowledge of these mechanisms could help to develop preventive or corrective measures for successful long-term SPC-µG exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Araceli Espinosa-Jeffrey
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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14
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Nian Q, Li J, Han Z, Liang Q, Liu M, Yang C, Rodrigues-Lima F, Jiang T, Zhao L, Zeng J, Liu C, Shi J. SPARC in hematologic malignancies and novel technique for hematological disease with its abnormal expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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15
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Prognostic Significance of SPARC Expression in Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8600419. [PMID: 35211625 PMCID: PMC8863438 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8600419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC, also known as osteonectin), is a small molecule glycoprotein associated with cell secretions. The purpose of our research is to clarify the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of SPARC expression in breast cancer. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis using the PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and CNKI databases. The meta-analysis showed that SPARC expression was elevated in breast cancer tissue, compared with normal tissue, while SPARC expression in tumor stromal cells was higher than that of tumor cells. The expression of SPARC was positively correlated with histological grade and TNM staging. The Kaplan-Meier plotter showed that low SPARC expression was negatively correlated with the overall, postprogression, and distant metastasis survival rates of patients. According to Oncomine database, SPARC expression was upregulated in breast cancer than normal tissues. In TCGA database, univariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM staging were negatively correlated with patient prognosis in breast cancers. Cox multivariate analysis showed that age, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM staging were important factors affecting the survival time of breast cancer patients. SPARC expression can be employed as a good indicator of prognosis of breast cancer patients, which will provide new methods and ideas of preventive treatment.
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16
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Moretti L, Stalfort J, Barker TH, Abebayehu D. The interplay of fibroblasts, the extracellular matrix, and inflammation in scar formation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101530. [PMID: 34953859 PMCID: PMC8784641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various forms of fibrosis, comprising tissue thickening and scarring, are involved in 40% of deaths across the world. Since the discovery of scarless functional healing in fetuses prior to a certain stage of development, scientists have attempted to replicate scarless wound healing in adults with little success. While the extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts, and inflammatory mediators have been historically investigated as separate branches of biology, it has become increasingly necessary to consider them as parts of a complex and tightly regulated system that becomes dysregulated in fibrosis. With this new paradigm, revisiting fetal scarless wound healing provides a unique opportunity to better understand how this highly regulated system operates mechanistically. In the following review, we navigate the four stages of wound healing (hemostasis, inflammation, repair, and remodeling) against the backdrop of adult versus fetal wound healing, while also exploring the relationships between the ECM, effector cells, and signaling molecules. We conclude by singling out recent findings that offer promising leads to alter the dynamics between the ECM, fibroblasts, and inflammation to promote scarless healing. One factor that promises to be significant is fibroblast heterogeneity and how certain fibroblast subpopulations might be predisposed to scarless healing. Altogether, reconsidering fetal wound healing by examining the interplay of the various factors contributing to fibrosis provides new research directions that will hopefully help us better understand and address fibroproliferative diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, systemic sclerosis, progressive kidney disease, and cardiovascular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Moretti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jack Stalfort
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas Harrison Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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17
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Nazeer MA, Karaoglu IC, Ozer O, Albayrak C, Kizilel S. Neovascularization of engineered tissues for clinical translation: Where we are, where we should be? APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021503. [PMID: 33834155 PMCID: PMC8024034 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key challenges in engineering three-dimensional tissue constructs is the development of a mature microvascular network capable of supplying sufficient oxygen and nutrients to the tissue. Recent angiogenic therapeutic strategies have focused on vascularization of the constructed tissue, and its integration in vitro; these strategies typically combine regenerative cells, growth factors (GFs) with custom-designed biomaterials. However, the field needs to progress in the clinical translation of tissue engineering strategies. The article first presents a detailed description of the steps in neovascularization and the roles of extracellular matrix elements such as GFs in angiogenesis. It then delves into decellularization, cell, and GF-based strategies employed thus far for therapeutic angiogenesis, with a particularly detailed examination of different methods by which GFs are delivered in biomaterial scaffolds. Finally, interdisciplinary approaches involving advancement in biomaterials science and current state of technological development in fabrication techniques are critically evaluated, and a list of remaining challenges is presented that need to be solved for successful translation to the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Onur Ozer
- Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Cem Albayrak
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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18
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Pompili S, Latella G, Gaudio E, Sferra R, Vetuschi A. The Charming World of the Extracellular Matrix: A Dynamic and Protective Network of the Intestinal Wall. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:610189. [PMID: 33937276 PMCID: PMC8085262 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.610189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a complex network of proteins that not only forms a support structure for resident cells but also interacts closely with them by modulating their phenotypes and functions. More than 300 molecules have been identified, each of them with unique biochemical properties and exclusive biological functions. ECM components not only provide a scaffold for the tissue but also afford tensile strength and limit overstretch of the organ. The ECM holds water, ensures suitable hydration of the tissue, and participates in a selective barrier to the external environment. ECM-to-cells interaction is crucial for morphogenesis and cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The ECM is a dynamic and multifunctional structure. The ECM is constantly renewed and remodeled by coordinated action among ECM-producing cells, degrading enzymes, and their specific inhibitors. During this process, several growth factors are released in the ECM, and they, in turn, modulate the deposition of new ECM. In this review, we describe the main components and functions of intestinal ECM and we discuss their role in maintaining the structure and function of the intestinal barrier. Achieving complete knowledge of the ECM world is an important goal to understand the mechanisms leading to the onset and the progression of several intestinal diseases related to alterations in ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine, and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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19
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Recinella L, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Chiavaroli A, Brunetti L, Leone S. Adipokines: New Potential Therapeutic Target for Obesity and Metabolic, Rheumatic, and Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:578966. [PMID: 33192583 PMCID: PMC7662468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.578966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its role as an energy storage organ, adipose tissue can be viewed as a dynamic and complex endocrine organ, which produces and secretes several adipokines, including hormones, cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth and vasoactive factors. A wide body of evidence showed that adipokines play a critical role in various biological and physiological functions, among which feeding modulation, inflammatory and immune function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and blood pressure control. The aim of this review is to summarize the effects of several adipokines, including leptin, diponectin, resistin, chemerin, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), vaspin, omentin, follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs), family with sequence similarity to 19 member A5 (FAM19A5), wingless-type inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), progranulin (PGRN), nesfatin-1 (nesfatin), visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT, apelin, retinol binding protein 4 (RPB4), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the regulation of insulin resistance and vascular function, as well as many aspects of inflammation and immunity and their potential role in managing obesity-associated diseases, including metabolic, osteoarticular, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, Gabriele d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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20
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Chen S, Zou Q, Chen Y, Kuang X, Wu W, Guo M, Cai Y, Li Q. Regulation of SPARC family proteins in disorders of the central nervous system. Brain Res Bull 2020; 163:178-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Yun HW, Choi BH, Park DY, Jin LH, Min BH. Inhibitory Effect of Topical Cartilage Acellular Matrix Suspension Treatment on Neovascularization in a Rabbit Corneal Model. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:625-640. [PMID: 32617955 PMCID: PMC7524995 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-020-00275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage has an inhibitory effect on vascularization, yet clinical utilization has been technically challenging. In this study, we aimed to fabricate a biologically functional ECM powder suspension from porcine articular cartilage that inhibits neovascularization (NV). METHODS The digested-cartilage acellular matrix (dg-CAM) was prepared by sequential processes of decellularization, enzymatic digestion and pulverization. Physicochemical properties of dg-CAM were compared with that of native cartilage tissue (NCT). Cellular interactions between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and dg-CAM was evaluated with proliferation, migration and tube formation assays compared with that of type I collagen (COL) and bevacizumab, an anti-angiogenic drug. We then investigated the therapeutic potential of topical administration of dg-CAM suspension on the experimentally induced rabbit corneal NV model. RESULTS The dg-CAM released a significantly larger amount of soluble proteins than that of the NCT and showed an improved hydrophilic and dispersion properties. In contrast, the dg-CAM contained a large amount of collagen, glycosaminoglycans and anti-angiogenic molecules as much as the NCT. The inhibitory effect on NV of the dg-CAM was more prominent than that of COL and even comparable to that of bevacizumab in inhibiting the HUVECs. The therapeutic potential of the dg-CAM was comparable to that of bevacizumab in the rabbit corneal NV model by efficiently inhibiting neovessel formation of the injured cornea. CONCLUSION The current study developed a dg-CAM having anti-angiogenic properties, together with water-dispersible properties suitable for topical or minimally invasive application for prevention of vessel invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Woong Yun
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyune Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Long Hao Jin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yanbian University Medical School, 977 Gongyuan Rd, Yanji, Yanbian, China
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Gerarduzzi C, Hartmann U, Leask A, Drobetsky E. The Matrix Revolution: Matricellular Proteins and Restructuring of the Cancer Microenvironment. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2705-2717. [PMID: 32193287 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding cells is indispensable for regulating their behavior. The dynamics of ECM signaling are tightly controlled throughout growth and development. During tissue remodeling, matricellular proteins (MCP) are secreted into the ECM. These factors do not serve classical structural roles, but rather regulate matrix proteins and cell-matrix interactions to influence normal cellular functions. In the tumor microenvironment, it is becoming increasingly clear that aberrantly expressed MCPs can support multiple hallmarks of carcinogenesis by interacting with various cellular components that are coupled to an array of downstream signals. Moreover, MCPs also reorganize the biomechanical properties of the ECM to accommodate metastasis and tumor colonization. This realization is stimulating new research on MCPs as reliable and accessible biomarkers in cancer, as well as effective and selective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ursula Hartmann
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew Leask
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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23
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Circular RNA Expression Profiles in Plasma from Patients with Heart Failure Related to Platelet Activity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020187. [PMID: 31991759 PMCID: PMC7072558 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a deadly disease that is difficult to accurately diagnose. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs that might play important roles in many cardiovascular diseases. However, their role in HF remains unclear. CircRNA microarrays were performed on plasma samples obtained from three patients with HF and three healthy controls. The profiling results were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The diagnostic value of circRNAs for HF was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The expression profiles indicated that 477 circRNAs were upregulated and 219 were downregulated in the plasma of patients with HF compared with healthy controls. Among the dysregulated circRNAs, hsa_circ_0112085 (p = 0.0032), hsa_circ_0062960 (p = 0.0006), hsa_circ_0053919 (p = 0.0074) and hsa_circ_0014010 (p = 0.025) showed significantly higher expression in patients with HF compared with healthy controls. The area under the ROC curve for hsa_circ_0062960 for HF diagnosis was 0.838 (p < 0.0001). Correlation analysis showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0062960 was highly correlated with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) serum levels. Some differential circRNAs were found to be related to platelet activity by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. The landscape of circRNA expression profiles may play a role in HF pathogenesis and improve our understanding of platelet function in HF. Moreover, hsa_circ_0062960 has potential as a novel diagnostic biomarker for HF.
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24
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Arato I, Grande G, Barrachina F, Bellucci C, Lilli C, Jodar M, Aglietti MC, Mancini F, Vincenzoni F, Pontecorvi A, Calafiore R, Oliva R, Luca G, Mancuso F, Milardi D. " In vitro" Effect of Different Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Preparations on Sertoli Cells: Toward a Personalized Treatment for Male Infertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:401. [PMID: 32625170 PMCID: PMC7314925 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a major regulator of spermatogenesis, has a crucial function in the development and function of the testis and it is extensively given as a fertility treatment to stimulate spermatogenesis. We analyzed the effects of different FSH preparations (α-follitropin, β-follitropin, and urofollitropin) in combination with testosterone on porcine pre-pubertal Sertoli cells. To study the effect of the different FSH treatments in the Sertoli cell function we performed Real Time PCR analysis of AMH, inhibin B, and FSH-r, an ELISA assay for AMH and inhibin B, and a high-throughput comparative proteomic analysis. We verified that all three preparations induced a reduction of AMH in terms of mRNA and secreted proteins, and an increase of inhibin B in terms of mRNA in all the FSH formulations, while solely α-follitropin produced an increase of secreted inhibin B in the culture medium. Comparative proteomic analysis of the three FSH preparations identified 46 proteins, 11 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated. Surprisingly, the combination of testosterone with β-follitropin specifically induced an up-regulation of eight specific secreted proteins. Our study, showing that the three different FSH preparations induce different effects, could offer the opportunity to shed light inside new applications to a personalized reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Arato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grande
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferran Barrachina
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catia Bellucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Meritxell Jodar
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesca Mancini
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Vincenzoni
- Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Institute, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic and Infectious Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction, University of Perugia and Saint Mary Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Rafael Oliva
- Molecular Biology of Reproduction and Development Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction, University of Perugia and Saint Mary Hospital, Terni, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Luca
| | - Francesca Mancuso
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Domenico Milardi
- Research Unit on Human Reproduction, International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Rome, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, Rome, Italy
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Liu X, Mo F, Zeng H, Zhu S, Ma X. Quantitative proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with central nervous system involvement: A novel approach to diagnosis. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:70-78. [PMID: 31338193 PMCID: PMC6610216 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcome of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with central nervous system (CNS) recurrence is poor. However, there is currently no consensus regarding diagnostic techniques. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein profile of DLBCL and identify a potential novel method for the early diagnosis of patients with DLBCL at high risk for subsequent CNS involvement. The CSF proteomic profiling of patients with DLBCL and a control group were compared using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The protein interactions were analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database. In the present study, a total of 53 differentially expressed proteins with >1 log2 fold change (false discovery rate <0.01, P<0.05) were identified and quantified. These proteins appeared to be involved in platelet degranulation, innate immune response and cell adhesion. Two hub gene network modules were obtained by protein-protein interaction network analysis. Of these proteins, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) and proenkephalin (PENK) were significantly decreased in the CSF of patients with DLBCL, which appeared to be correlated with CNS involvement. The findings of the present study indicate that decreased expression levels of SPARC and PENK in the CSF may serve as early-phase biomarkers to evaluate the risk of CNS involvement in patients with DLBCL, enabling clinicians to offer prophylactic therapy at the time of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Liu
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fei Mo
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zeng
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Sha Zhu
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Interaction of Nerve Growth Factor β with Adiponectin and SPARC Oppositely Modulates its Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071541. [PMID: 30934765 PMCID: PMC6479836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Both adiponectin and secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) inhibit platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2)-induced angiogenic activities through direct and indirect interactions. Although SPARC enhances nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent neurogenesis, the physical interaction of NGFβ with adiponectin and SPARC remains obscure. Therefore, we first examined their intermolecular interaction by surface plasmon resonance method. NGFβ bound to immobilized SPARC with the binding constant of 59.4 nM, comparable with that of PDGF-BB (24.5 nM) but far less than that of FGF2 (14.4 µM). NGFβ bound to immobilized full length adiponectin with the binding constant of 103 nM, slightly higher than those of PDGF-BB (24.3 nM) and FGF2 (80.2 nM), respectively. Treatment of PC12 cells with SPARC did not cause mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and neurite outgrowth. However, simultaneous addition of SPARC with NGFβ enhanced NGFβ-induced MAPK phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth. Treatment of the cells with adiponectin increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation but failed to induce neurite outgrowth. Simultaneous treatment with NGFβ and adiponectin significantly reduced cell size and the number of cells with neurite, even after silencing the adiponectin receptors by their siRNA. These results indicate that NGFβ directly interacts with adiponectin and SPARC, whereas these interactions oppositely regulate NGFβ functions.
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Karere GM, Glenn JP, Birnbaum S, Garcia R, VandeBerg JL, Cox LA. Identification of coordinately regulated microRNA-gene networks that differ in baboons discordant for LDL-cholesterol. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213494. [PMID: 30875406 PMCID: PMC6420018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (plasma LDL-C), vascular endothelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), particularly monocytes, play key roles in initiating atherosclerosis, the primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the mechanisms underlying development of atherosclerosis are not well understood, LDL-C is known to influence expression of endothelial microRNAs (miRNAs) and gene-targets of miRNAs to promote cell senescence. However, the impact of LDL-C on expression of PBMC miRNAs and miRNA targeted genes in response to an atherogenic diet is not known. In this study, we used unbiased methods to identify coordinately responsive PBMC miRNA- gene networks that differ between low and high LDL-C baboons when fed a high-cholesterol, high-fat (HCHF) diet. METHODS AND RESULTS Using RNA Seq, we quantified PBMC mRNAs and miRNAs from half-sib baboons discordant for LDL-C plasma concentrations (low LDL-C, n = 3; high LDL-C, n = 3) before and after a 7-week HCHF diet challenge. For low LDL-C baboons, 626 genes exhibited significant change in expression (255 down-regulated, 371 up-regulated) in response to the HCHF diet, and for high LDL-C baboons 379 genes exhibited significant change in expression (162 down-regulated, 217 up-regulated) in response to the HCHF diet. We identified 494 miRNAs identical to human miRNAs and 47 novel miRNAs. Fifty miRNAs were differentially expressed in low LDL-C baboons (21 up- and 29 down-regulated) and 20 in high LDL-C baboons (11 up- and 9 down-regulated) in response to the HCHF diet. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs were miR-221/222 and miR-34a-3p, which were down-regulated, and miR-148a/b-5p, which was up-regulated. In addition, gene-targets of these miRNAs, VEGFA, MAML3, SPARC, and DMGDH, were inversely expressed and are central hub genes in networks and signaling pathways that differ between low and high LDL-C baboon HCHF diet response. CONCLUSIONS We have identified coordinately regulated HCHF diet-responsive PBMC miRNA-gene networks that differ between baboons discordant for LDL-C concentrations. Our findings provide potential insights into molecular mechanisms underlying initiation of atherosclerosis where LDL-C concentrations influence expression of specific miRNAs, which in turn regulate expression of genes that play roles in initiation of lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genesio M. Karere
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Jeremy P. Glenn
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Shifra Birnbaum
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Roy Garcia
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - John L. VandeBerg
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine,The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville/Harlingen/Edinburg, TX, United States of America
| | - Laura A. Cox
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
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Lee D, Seo Y, Kim YW, Kim S, Bae H, Choi J, Lim I, Bang H, Kim JH, Ko JH. Far-infrared radiation stimulates platelet-derived growth factor mediated skeletal muscle cell migration through extracellular matrix-integrin signaling. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:141-150. [PMID: 30820158 PMCID: PMC6384197 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite increased evidence of bio-activity following far-infrared (FIR) radiation, susceptibility of cell signaling to FIR radiation-induced homeostasis is poorly understood. To observe the effects of FIR radiation, FIR-radiated materials-coated fabric was put on experimental rats or applied to L6 cells, and microarray analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and wound healing assays were performed. Microarray analysis revealed that messenger RNA expressions of rat muscle were stimulated by FIR radiation in a dose-dependent manner in amount of 10% and 30% materials-coated. In 30% group, 1,473 differentially expressed genes were identified (fold change [FC] > 1.5), and 218 genes were significantly regulated (FC > 1.5 and p < 0.05). Microarray analysis showed that extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and cell migration-related pathways were significantly stimulated in rat muscle. ECM and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-mediated cell migration-related genes were increased. And, results showed that the relative gene expression of actin beta was increased. FIR radiation also stimulated actin subunit and actin-related genes. We observed that wound healing was certainly promoted by FIR radiation over 48 h in L6 cells. Therefore, we suggest that FIR radiation can penetrate the body and stimulate PDGF-mediated cell migration through ECM-integrin signaling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Lee
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yelim Seo
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Young-Won Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Seongtae Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hyemi Bae
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jeongyoon Choi
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Inja Lim
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Hyoweon Bang
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06973, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Ko
- Department of Physiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Bawazeer S, Sabry D, Mahmoud RH, Elhanbuli HM, Yassen NN, Abdelhafez MN. Association of SPARC gene polymorphisms rs3210714 and rs7719521 with VEGF expression and utility of Nottingham Prognostic Index scoring in breast cancer in a sample of Egyptian women. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2313-2324. [PMID: 30259245 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. To our knowledge, there is no single study conducted on the role of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene polymorphism in breast cancer risk or prognosis. The present study aims to investigate the probable role of SPARC genetic polymorphisms in development of breast cancer; their correlation with immunohistochemical expression of VEGF; and their association with breast cancer prognosis in the Egyptian population. The study sample included 238 Egyptian females who were divided into two groups: breast cancer group (118 patients) and healthy control group (120 subjects). SPARC gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs3210714 and rs7719521 were genotyped. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were determined in both groups and association with ductal breast carcinoma, clinicopathological and prognostic characters were determined. For SPARC rs3210714, a significant difference was observed in the codominant model and both A and G alleles' frequencies between breast cancer patients and control group (P < 0.001). For rs7719521, a significant difference in codominant and dominant models as well as in both A and C alleles' frequencies between breast cancer and control groups (P < 0.001) was observed. A significant relation was found between SPARC rs3210714 and rs7719521, and immunohistochemical expression of VEGF (P = 0.046 and P = 0.027, respectively). SPARC rs7719521 showed a significant association with Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (P = 0.032). The present study revealed that SPARC rs3210714 and rs7719521 polymorphisms are associated with breast cancer risk and its prognosis. Therefore, these SNPs may be useful in predicting the increased risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Bawazeer
- Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.,Asklepios Hospital, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania H Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Hala M Elhanbuli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa N Abdelhafez
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has central roles in tissue integrity and remodeling throughout the life span of animals. While collagens are the most abundant structural components of ECM in most tissues, tissue-specific molecular complexity is contributed by ECM glycoproteins. The matricellular glycoproteins are categorized primarily according to functional criteria and represented predominantly by the thrombospondin, tenascin, SPARC/osteonectin, and CCN families. These proteins do not self-assemble into ECM fibrils; nevertheless, they shape ECM properties through interactions with structural ECM proteins, growth factors, and cells. Matricellular proteins also promote cell migration or morphological changes through adhesion-modulating or counter-adhesive actions on cell-ECM adhesions, intracellular signaling, and the actin cytoskeleton. Typically, matricellular proteins are most highly expressed during embryonic development. In adult tissues, expression is more limited unless activated by cues for dynamic tissue remodeling and cell motility, such as occur during inflammatory response and wound repair. Many insights in the complex roles of matricellular proteins have been obtained from studies of gene knockout mice. However, with the exception of chordate-specific tenascins, these are highly conserved proteins that are encoded in many animal phyla. This review will consider the increasing body of research on matricellular proteins in nonmammalian animal models. These models provide better access to the very earliest stages of embryonic development and opportunities to study biological processes such as limb and organ regeneration. In aggregate, this research is expanding concepts of the functions and mechanisms of action of matricellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine C Adams
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Buyukterzi Z, Can U, Alpaydin S, Guzelant A, Karaarslan S, Mustu M, Kocyigit D, Gurses KM. Enhanced serum levels of matrix Gla protein and bone morphogenetic protein in acute coronary syndrome patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22278. [PMID: 28605143 PMCID: PMC6816878 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification has been found to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Various bone-associated proteins have been suggested to be related with this process. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether serum levels of bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP-4) and matrix Gla protein (MGP) differed in patients who were found to have normal epicardial coronary arteries or a culprit lesion in the coronary angiography leading to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS Patients admitted to emergency department with the diagnosis of ACS who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between October 2015 and April 2016 were consecutively recruited as the patient group. Age and gender-matched subjects who underwent coronary angiography following non-invasive ischemia assessment made the control group. RESULTS A total of 90 subjects (63.00±14.02 years, 70% male) were included in this study. MGP (<0.001) and BMP-4 (<0.001) levels were significantly elevated when compared to subjects with normal coronary arteries. Fasting blood glucose (P=.024), HDL-cholesterol (P=.002), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=.001) levels, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P=.021) were significantly correlated with serum MGP levels. HDL-cholesterol (P=.001) and CRP (P=.030) levels were also significantly correlated with serum BMP-4 levels. In the model including HDL-cholesterol, CRP, MGP, and BMP-4 levels, only MGP (odds ratio[OR]: 1.018, P=.019) and BMP-4 (OR: 1.313, P=.023) were found to be independently associated with ACS. CONCLUSION This study shows that serum BMP-4 and MGP are independently associated with ACS occurrence when adjusted for other CV risk factors. These biomarkers may have a diagnostic potential in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Buyukterzi
- Department of CardiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Ummugulsum Can
- Department of BiochemistryKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Sertac Alpaydin
- Department of CardiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Asuman Guzelant
- Department of MicrobiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Sukru Karaarslan
- Department of CardiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Mehmet Mustu
- Department of CardiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
| | - Duygu Kocyigit
- Department of CardiologyHacettepe University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey
| | - Kadri Murat Gurses
- Department of CardiologyKonya Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesMeramKonyaTurkey
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Shintakuya R, Kondo N, Murakami Y, Uemura K, Nakagawa N, Okano K, Takahashi S, Sueda T. The high stromal SPARC expression is independently associated with poor survival of patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with adjuvant gemcitabine in combination with S-1 or adjuvant gemcitabine alone. Pancreatology 2018; 18:191-197. [PMID: 29295776 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) improves survival, its efficacy varies among individuals. Identification of biomarkers that can predict the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for PDAC is essential. OBJECTIVES To investigate the predictive value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression in patients with PDAC treated with adjuvant gemcitabine in combination with S-1 (adjuvant GS) or adjuvant gemcitabine alone (adjuvant G alone). METHODS Stromal SPARC and cytoplasmic SPARC were examined immunohistochemically in 211 PDAC patients treated with adjuvant GS or G alone after resection. The association of SPARC expression with clinicopathological factors, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, borderline resectable with arterial contact (BR-A) (P = .002), higher preoperative CA 19-9 level (≥91 U/ml) (P = .005), moderately or poorly (P = .003), presence of lymph node metastasis (P = .012) and high stromal SPARC expression (P = .013) were independent predictors of poor DFS. Moreover, BR-A (P = .003), higher preoperative CA 19-9 level (≥91 U/ml) (P = .007) and high stromal SPARC expression (P < .001) were identified as independent predictors of poor OS. In contrast, cytoplasmic SPARC expression did not affect DFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS High stromal SPARC expression was an independent predictor of poor DFS and OS in patients treated with adjuvant GS or G alone. Stromal SPARC expression could be a relevant biomarker for prediction of prognosis in PDAC patients after resection treated with adjuvant GS or G alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Shintakuya
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Naru Kondo
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Murakami
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Uemura
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Nakagawa
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okano
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinya Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Taijiro Sueda
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Moh MC, Sum CF, Tavintharan S, Pek SLT, Yeoh LY, Ng X, Lee SBM, Tang WE, Lim SC. Association of the anti-angiogenic factor secreted protein and rich in cysteine (SPARC) with vascular complications among Chinese type 2 diabetic patients in Singapore. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1222-1227. [PMID: 28479157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluated the association of the anti-angiogenic SPARC with known angiogenesis-associated factors and diabetes-related micro- and macro-vascular complications in a Singapore Chinese cohort with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS Plasma SPARC was measured by immunoassay in 438 T2DM adults (mean age:58±11years). RESULTS Higher SPARC levels in subjects stratified by SPARC tertiles displayed decreased pro-angiogenic adiponectin, osteopontin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 concentrations (all p<0.05). The anti-angiogenic pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) level was not statistically different among the SPARC tertiles. Age-adjusted partial correlation revealed significant associations of SPARC with adiponectin, osteopontin, VCAM-1, MMP-2, and PEDF (all p<0.05). Lower SPARC was accompanied by less favorable estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) readings (all p<0.05). Conversely, ankle-brachial index (ABI) reduced with increasing SPARC (p=0.048). The eGFR (B=0.834, p=0.019), PWV (B=-7.925, p=0.009), and ABI (B=-142.160, p=0.010) remained as determinants of SPARC after confounder adjustment. Moreover, individuals in the lowest SPARC tertile had increased odds of aortic stiffness (OR=1.900, 95% CI=1.103-3.274) but reduced odds of peripheral arterial disease (OR=0.400, 95% CI=0.175-0.919). However, SPARC was not independently associated with chronic kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS The anti-angiogenic SPARC may be associated with the pathophysiology of diabetes-related macrovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chung Moh
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Lee Ying Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Xiaowei Ng
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Wern Ee Tang
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore.
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Viloria K, Munasinghe A, Asher S, Bogyere R, Jones L, Hill NJ. A holistic approach to dissecting SPARC family protein complexity reveals FSTL-1 as an inhibitor of pancreatic cancer cell growth. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37839. [PMID: 27886258 PMCID: PMC5122892 DOI: 10.1038/srep37839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SPARC is a matricellular protein that is involved in both pancreatic cancer and diabetes. It belongs to a wider family of proteins that share structural and functional similarities. Relatively little is known about this extended family, but evidence of regulatory interactions suggests the importance of a holistic approach to their study. We show that Hevin, SPOCKs, and SMOCs are strongly expressed within islets, ducts, and blood vessels, suggesting important roles for these proteins in the normal pancreas, while FSTL-1 expression is localised to the stromal compartment reminiscent of SPARC. In direct contrast to SPARC, however, FSTL-1 expression is reduced in pancreatic cancer. Consistent with this, FSTL-1 inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. The complexity of SPARC family proteins is further revealed by the detection of multiple cell-type specific isoforms that arise due to a combination of post-translational modification and alternative splicing. Identification of splice variants lacking a signal peptide suggests the existence of novel intracellular isoforms. This study underlines the importance of addressing the complexity of the SPARC family and provides a new framework to explain their controversial and contradictory effects. We also demonstrate for the first time that FSTL-1 suppresses pancreatic cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Viloria
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
| | - Amanda Munasinghe
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
| | - Sharan Asher
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
| | - Roberto Bogyere
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
| | - Lucy Jones
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
| | - Natasha J. Hill
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
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Oliveira FA, Matos AA, Santesso MR, Tokuhara CK, Leite AL, Bagnato VS, Machado MA, Peres-Buzalaf C, Oliveira RC. Low intensity lasers differently induce primary human osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Platelet-derived Growth Factor-B Protects Rat Cardiac Allografts From Ischemia-reperfusion Injury. Transplantation 2016; 100:303-13. [PMID: 26371596 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvascular dysfunction and cardiomyocyte injury are hallmarks of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) after heart transplantation. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) have an ambiguous role in this deleterious cascade. On one hand, PDGF may exert vascular stabilizing and antiapoptotic actions through endothelial-pericyte and endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk in the heart; and on the other hand, PDGF signaling mediates neointimal formation and exacerbates chronic rejection in cardiac allografts. The balance between these potentially harmful and beneficial actions determines the final outcome of cardiac allografts. METHODS AND RESULTS We transplanted cardiac allografts from Dark Agouti rat and Balb mouse donors to fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched Wistar Furth rat or C57 mouse recipients with a clinically relevant 2-hour cold ischemia and 1-hour warm ischemia. Ex vivo intracoronary delivery of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of recombinant human PDGF-BB upregulated messenger RNA expression of anti-mesenchymal transition and survival factors BMP-7 and Bcl-2 and preserved capillary density in rat cardiac allografts at day 10. In mouse cardiac allografts PDGF receptor-β, but not -α intragraft messenger RNA levels were reduced and capillary protein localization was lost during IRI. The PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate and a monoclonal antibody against PDGF receptor-α enhanced myocardial damage evidenced by serum cardiac troponin T release in the rat and mouse cardiac allografts 6 hours after reperfusion, respectively. Moreover, imatinib mesylate enhanced rat cardiac allograft vasculopathy, cardiac fibrosis, and late allograft loss at day 56. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PDGF-B signaling may play a role in endothelial and cardiomyocyte recovery from IRI after heart transplantation.
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Peixoto E, Atorrasagasti C, Malvicini M, Fiore E, Rodriguez M, Garcia M, Finocchieto P, Poderoso JJ, Corrales F, Mazzolini G. SPARC gene deletion protects against toxic liver injury and is associated to an enhanced proliferative capacity and reduced oxidative stress response. Oncotarget 2016; 10:4169-4179. [PMID: 31289615 PMCID: PMC6609249 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
SPARC, also known as osteonectin and BM-40, is a matricellular protein with a number of biological functions. Hepatic SPARC expression is induced in response to thioacetamide, bile-duct ligation, and acute injuries such as concanavalin A and lipopolysacharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine. We have previously demonstrated that the therapeutic inhibition of SPARC or SPARC gene deletion protected mice against liver injury. We investigated the mechanisms involved in the protective effect of SPARC inhibition in mice. We performed a proteome analysis of livers from SPARC+/+ and SPARC−/− mice chronically treated with thioacetamide. Catalase activity, carbonylation levels, oxidative stress response, and mitochondrial function were studied. Genomic analysis revealed that SPARC−/− mice had an increased expression of cell proliferation genes. Proteins involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species such as catalase, peroxirredoxine-1, and glutathione-S-transferase P1 and Mu1 were highly expressed as evidenced by proteome analysis; hepatic catalase activity was increased in SPARC−/− mice. Oxidative stress response and carbonylation levels were lower in livers from SPARC−/− mice. Hepatic mitochondria showed lower levels of nitrogen reactive species in the SPARC−/− concanavalin A-treated mice. Mitochondrial morphology was preserved, and its complex activity reduced in SPARC−/− mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that the protection associated with SPARC gene deletion may be partially due to a higher proliferative capacity of hepatocytes and an enhanced oxidative stress defense in SPARC−/− mice after liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Peixoto
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Atorrasagasti
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Malvicini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Fiore
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Rodriguez
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Garcia
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Guillermo Mazzolini
- Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Aplicadas-CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Slusser-Nore A, Larson-Casey JL, Zhang R, Zhou XD, Somji S, Garrett SH, Sens DA, Dunlevy JR. SPARC Expression Is Selectively Suppressed in Tumor Initiating Urospheres Isolated from As+3- and Cd+2-Transformed Human Urothelial Cells (UROtsa) Stably Transfected with SPARC. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147362. [PMID: 26783756 PMCID: PMC4718619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This laboratory previously analyzed the expression of SPARC in the parental UROtsa cells, their arsenite (As(+3)) and cadmium (Cd(+2))-transformed cell lines, and tumor transplants generated from the transformed cells. It was demonstrated that SPARC expression was down-regulated to background levels in Cd(+2)-and As(+3)-transformed UROtsa cells and tumor transplants compared to parental cells. In the present study, the transformed cell lines were stably transfected with a SPARC expression vector to determine the effect of SPARC expression on the ability of the cells to form tumors in immune-compromised mice. METHODS Real time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to define the expression of SPARC in the As(+3)-and Cd(+2)-transformed cell lines, and urospheres isolated from these cell lines, following their stable transfection with an expression vector containing the SPARC open reading frame (ORF). Transplantation of the cultured cells into immune-compromised mice by subcutaneous injection was used to assess the effect of SPARC expression on tumors generated from the above cell lines and urospheres. RESULTS It was shown that the As(+3)-and Cd(+2)-transformed UROtsa cells could undergo stable transfection with a SPARC expression vector and that the transfected cells expressed both SPARC mRNA and secreted protein. Tumors formed from these SPARC-transfected cells were shown to have no expression of SPARC. Urospheres isolated from cultures of the SPARC-transfected As(+3)-and Cd(+2)-transformed cell lines were shown to have only background expression of SPARC. Urospheres from both the non-transfected and SPARC-transfected cell lines were tumorigenic and thus fit the definition for a population of tumor initiating cells. CONCLUSIONS Tumor initiating cells isolated from SPARC-transfected As(+3)-and Cd(+2)-transformed cell lines have an inherent mechanism to suppress the expression of SPARC mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Slusser-Nore
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Larson-Casey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Ruowen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Xu Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Seema Somji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Scott H. Garrett
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Donald A. Sens
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Jane R. Dunlevy
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Extracellular matrix-mediated cellular communication in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 91:228-37. [PMID: 26778458 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic scaffold that maintains tissue structure and dynamics. However, the view of the ECM as an inert architectural support has been increasingly challenged. The ECM is a vibrant meshwork, a crucial organizer of cellular microenvironments. It plays a direct role in cellular interactions regulating cell growth, survival, spreading, proliferation, differentiation and migration through the intricate relationship among cellular and acellular tissue components. This complex interrelationship preserves cardiac function during homeostasis; however it is also responsible for pathologic remodeling following myocardial injury. Therefore, enhancing our understanding of this cross-talk may provide mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure and suggest new approaches to novel, targeted pharmacologic therapies. This review explores the implications of ECM-cell interactions in myocardial cell behavior and cardiac function at baseline and following myocardial injury.
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Borkham-Kamphorst E, Weiskirchen R. The PDGF system and its antagonists in liver fibrosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 28:53-61. [PMID: 26547628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling plays an important role in activated hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblast proliferation, chemotaxis, migration and cell survival. PDGF receptors and ligands are upregulated in experimental liver fibrotic models as well as in human liver fibrotic diseases. Blocking of PDGF signaling ameliorates experimental liver fibrogenesis. The plurality of molecular and cellular activities of PDGF and its involvement in initiation, progression and resolution of hepatic fibrogenesis offers an infinite number of therapeutic possibilities. These include the application of therapeutic antibodies (e.g. AbyD3263, MOR8457) which specifically sequester individual PDGF isoforms or the inhibition of PDGF isoforms by synthetic aptamers. In particular, the isolation of innovative slow off-rate modified aptamers (e.g., SOMAmer SL1 and SL5) that carry functional groups absent in natural nucleic acids by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential (SELEX) enrichment technique offers the possibility to design high affinity aptamers that target PDGF isoforms for clinical purposes. Dominant-negative soluble PDGF receptors are also effective in attenuation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation and hepatic fibrogenesis. Moreover, some multikinase inhibitors targeting PDGF signaling have been intensively tested during the last decade and are on the way into advanced preclinical studies and clinical trials. This narrative review aims to gauge the recent progression of research into PDGF systems and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erawan Borkham-Kamphorst
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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Kumar A, Baycin-Hizal D, Wolozny D, Pedersen LE, Lewis NE, Heffner K, Chaerkady R, Cole RN, Shiloach J, Zhang H, Bowen MA, Betenbaugh MJ. Elucidation of the CHO Super-Ome (CHO-SO) by Proteoinformatics. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:4687-703. [PMID: 26418914 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the preferred host cell line for manufacturing a variety of complex biotherapeutic drugs including monoclonal antibodies. We performed a proteomics and bioinformatics analysis on the spent medium from adherent CHO cells. Supernatant from CHO-K1 culture was collected and subjected to in-solution digestion followed by LC/LC-MS/MS analysis, which allowed the identification of 3281 different host cell proteins (HCPs). To functionally categorize them, we applied multiple bioinformatics tools to the proteins identified in our study including SignalP, TargetP, SecretomeP, TMHMM, WoLF PSORT, and Phobius. This analysis provided information on the presence of signal peptides, transmembrane domains, and cellular localization and showed that both secreted and intracellular proteins were constituents of the supernatant. Identified proteins were shown to be localized to the secretory pathway including ones playing roles in cell growth, proliferation, and folding as well as those involved in protein degradation and removal. After combining proteins predicted to be secreted or having a signal peptide, we identified 1015 proteins, which we termed as CHO supernatant-ome (CHO-SO), or superome. As a part of this effort, we created a publically accessible web-based tool called GO-CHO to functionally categorize proteins found in CHO-SO and identify enriched molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components. We also used a tool to evaluate the immunogenicity potential of high-abundance HCPs. Among enriched functions were catalytic activity and structural constituents of the cytoskeleton. Various transport related biological processes, such as vesicle mediated transport, were found to be highly enriched. Extracellular space and vesicular exosome associated proteins were found to be the most enriched cellular components. The superome also contained proteins secreted from both classical and nonclassical secretory pathways. The work and database described in our study will enable the CHO community to rapidly identify high-abundance HCPs in their cultures and therefore help assess process and purification methods used in the production of biologic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Biotechnology Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institute of Health, Building 14A, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Deniz Baycin-Hizal
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune LLC , 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Daniel Wolozny
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Lasse Ebdrup Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark , DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah 84602, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California , San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Kelley Heffner
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Raghothama Chaerkady
- Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , 733 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Robert N Cole
- Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , 733 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Joseph Shiloach
- Biotechnology Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institute of Health, Building 14A, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , 400 North Broadway Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Michael A Bowen
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune LLC , 1 MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Giussani M, Merlino G, Cappelletti V, Tagliabue E, Daidone MG. Tumor-extracellular matrix interactions: Identification of tools associated with breast cancer progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35:3-10. [PMID: 26416466 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several evidences support the concept that cancer development and progression are not entirely cancer cell-autonomous processes, but may be influenced, and possibly driven, by cross-talk between cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment in which, besides immune cells, stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) play a major role in regulating distinct biologic processes. Stroma and ECM-related signatures proved to influence breast cancer progression, and to contribute to the identification of tumor phenotypes resistant to cytotoxic and hormonal treatments. The possible clinical implications of the interplay between tumor cells and the microenvironment, with special reference to ECM remodelling, will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Giussani
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Merlino
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G.A. Amadeo, 42, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Schira J, Falkenberg H, Hendricks M, Waldera-Lupa DM, Kögler G, Meyer HE, Müller HW, Stühler K. Characterization of Regenerative Phenotype of Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells (USSC) from Human Umbilical Cord Blood (hUCB) by Functional Secretome Analysis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2630-43. [PMID: 26183719 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.049312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury. Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) isolated from human umbilical cord blood is an attractive stem cell population available at GMP grade without any ethical concerns. It has been shown that USSC transplantation into acute injured rat spinal cords leads to axonal regrowth and significant locomotor recovery, yet lacking cell replacement. Instead, USSC secrete trophic factors enhancing neurite growth of primary cortical neurons in vitro. Here, we applied a functional secretome approach characterizing proteins secreted by USSC for the first time and validated candidate neurite growth promoting factors using primary cortical neurons in vitro. By mass spectrometric analysis and exhaustive bioinformatic interrogation we identified 1156 proteins representing the secretome of USSC. Using Gene Ontology we revealed that USSC secretome contains proteins involved in a number of relevant biological processes of nerve regeneration such as cell adhesion, cell motion, blood vessel formation, cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix organization. We found for instance that 31 well-known neurite growth promoting factors like, e.g. neuronal growth regulator 1, NDNF, SPARC, and PEDF span the whole abundance range of USSC secretome. By the means of primary cortical neurons in vitro assays we verified SPARC and PEDF as significantly involved in USSC mediated neurite growth and therewith underline their role in improved locomotor recovery after transplantation. From our data we are convinced that USSC are a valuable tool in regenerative medicine as USSC's secretome contains a comprehensive network of trophic factors supporting nerve regeneration not only by a single process but also maintained its regenerative phenotype by a multitude of relevant biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schira
- From the ‡Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Institute for Molecular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; §Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University Medical Centre Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heiner Falkenberg
- From the ‡Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Institute for Molecular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marion Hendricks
- §Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University Medical Centre Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel M Waldera-Lupa
- From the ‡Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Institute for Molecular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gesine Kögler
- ¶Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut E Meyer
- ‖Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hans Werner Müller
- §Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University Medical Centre Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; **Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- From the ‡Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Institute for Molecular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; **Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Cydzik M, Abdul-Wahid A, Park S, Bourdeau A, Bowden K, Prodeus A, Kollara A, Brown TJ, Ringuette MJ, Gariépy J. Slow binding kinetics of secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine-VEGF interaction limit VEGF activation of VEGF receptor 2 and attenuate angiogenesis. FASEB J 2015; 29:3493-505. [PMID: 25921830 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-271775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
VEGF-A (VEGF) drives angiogenesis through activation of downstream effectors to promote endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Although VEGF binds both VEGF receptor 1 (R1) and receptor 2 (R2), its proangiogenic effects are attributed to R2. Secreted protein, acidic, rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein thought to inhibit angiogenesis by preventing VEGF from activating R1, but not R2. Because R2 rather than R1 mediates proangiogenic activities of VEGF, the role of human SPARC in angiogenesis was reevaluated. We confirm that association of SPARC with VEGF inhibits VEGF-induced HUVEC adherence, motility, and proliferation in vitro and blocks VEGF-induced blood vessel formation ex vivo. SPARC decreases VEGF-induced phosphorylation of R2 and downstream effectors ERK, Akt, and p38 MAPK as shown by Western blot and/or phosphoflow analysis. Surface plasmon resonance indicates that SPARC binds slowly to VEGF (0.865 ± 0.02 × 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)) with a Kd of 150 nM, forming a stable complex that dissociates slowly (1.26 ± 0.003 × 10(-3) s(-1)). Only domain III of SPARC binds VEGF, exhibiting a 15-fold higher affinity than full-length SPARC. These findings support a model whereby SPARC regulates angiogenesis by sequestering VEGF, thus restricting the activation of R2 and the subsequent activation of downstream targets critical for endothelial cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Cydzik
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aws Abdul-Wahid
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soyeon Park
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Bourdeau
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Bowden
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Prodeus
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Kollara
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theodore J Brown
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maurice J Ringuette
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Gariépy
- *Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Qiu F, Sun R, Deng N, Guo T, Cao Y, Yu Y, Wang X, Zou B, Zhang S, Jing T, Ling T, Xie J, Zhang Q. miR-29a/b enhances cell migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by regulating SPARC and COL3A1 gene expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120969. [PMID: 25786138 PMCID: PMC4364736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor associated with a genetic predisposition, Epstein-Barr virus infection and chromosomal abnormalities. Recently, several miRNAs have been shown to target specific mRNAs to regulate NPC development and progression. However, the involvement of miRNAs in processes leading to NPC migration and invasion remains to be elucidated. We predicted that miR-29a/b are associated with dysregulated genes controlling NPC through an integrated interaction network of miRNAs and genes. miR-29a/b over-expression in NPC cell lines had no significant effect on proliferation, whereas miR-29b mildly increased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase with a concomitant decrease in the percentage of cells in S phase. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-29a/b might be responsible for increasing S18 cell migration and invasion, and only COL3A1 was identified as a direct target of miR-29b despite the fact that both SPARC and COL3A1 were inhibited by miR-29a/b over-expression. Meanwhile, SPARC proteins were increased in metastatic NPC tissue and are involved in NPC progression. Unexpectedly, we identified that miRNA-29b expression was elevated in the serum of NPC patients with a high risk of metastasis. The 5-year actuarial overall survival rates in NPC patients with high serum miR-29b expression was significantly shorter than those with low serum miR-29b expression; therefore, serum miR-29b expression could be a promising prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Antibody Engineering Center in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yange Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingcheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of CAFS, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (JX)
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (JX)
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Awwad K, Hu J, Shi L, Mangels N, Abdel Malik R, Zippel N, Fisslthaler B, Eble JA, Pfeilschifter J, Popp R, Fleming I. Role of secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) in transforming growth factor β signalling and angiogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:284-94. [PMID: 25750188 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) is a matricellular protein that potentially interferes with growth factor receptor signalling. The aim of this study was to determine how its expression is regulated in endothelial cells and its role in the regulation of endothelial cell function. METHODS AND RESULTS SMOC1 was expressed by native murine endothelial cells as well as by cultured human, porcine, and murine endothelial cells. SMOC1 expression in cultured cells was increased by hypoxia via the down-regulation of miR-223, and SMOC1 expression was increased in lungs from miR-223-deficient mice. Silencing SMOC1 (small interfering RNA) attenuated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and sprouting in in vitro angiogenesis assays. Similarly endothelial cell sprouting from aortic rings ex vivo as well as postnatal retinal angiogenesis in vivo was attenuated in SMOC1(+/-) mice. In endothelial cells, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling via activin-like kinase (ALK) 5 leads to quiescence, whereas TGF-β signalling via ALK1 results in endothelial cell activation. SMOC1 acted as a negative regulator of ALK5/SMAD2 signalling, resulting in altered α2 integrin levels. Mechanistically, SMOC1 associated (immunohistochemistry, proximity ligation assay, and co-immunoprecipitation) with endoglin; an endothelium-specific type III auxiliary receptor for the TGF-β super family and the effects of SMOC1 down-regulation on SMAD2 phosphorylation were abolished by the down-regulation of endoglin. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SMOC1 is an ALK5 antagonist produced by endothelial cells that tips TGF-β signalling towards ALK1 activation, thus promoting endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khader Awwad
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jiong Hu
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicole Mangels
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Randa Abdel Malik
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina Zippel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Beate Fisslthaler
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Excellence Cluster Cell-in-Motion, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Pharmacenter Frankfurt/ZAFES, Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Popp
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Neuzillet C, Tijeras-Raballand A, Cros J, Faivre S, Hammel P, Raymond E. Stromal expression of SPARC in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 32:585-602. [PMID: 23690170 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stands as the poorest prognostic tumor of the digestive tract, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Therapeutic options for unresectable PDAC are extremely limited and there is a pressing need for expanded therapeutic approaches to improve current options available with gemcitabine-based regimens. With PDAC displaying one of the most prominent desmoplastic stromal reactions of all carcinomas, recent research has focused on the microenvironment surrounding PDAC cells. Secreted protein acid and rich in cysteine (SPARC), which is overexpressed in PDAC, may display tumor suppressor functions in several cancers (e.g., in colorectal, ovarian, prostate cancers, and acute myelogenous leukemia) but also appears to be overexpressed in other tumor types (e.g., breast cancer, melanoma, and glioblastoma). The apparent contradictory functions of SPARC may yield inhibition of angiogenesis via inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, while promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasion through matrix metalloprotease expression. This feature is of particular interest in PDAC where SPARC overexpression in the stroma stands along with inhibition of angiogenesis and promotion of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Several therapeutic strategies to deplete stromal tissue have been developed. In this review, we focused on key preclinical and clinical data describing the role of SPARC in PDAC biology, the properties, and mechanisms of delivery of drugs that interact with SPARC and discuss the proof-of-concept clinical trials using nab-paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Neuzillet
- Department of Medical Oncology (INSERM U728-PRES Paris 7 Diderot), Beaujon University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 100 boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy-La-Garenne, France
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Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease progression and is characterized by an exaggerated wound-healing process with the production of renal scar tissue. It comprises both the glomerular and the tubulointerstitial compartments. Among the factors that contribute to kidney fibrosis, the members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family are among the best characterized ones. They appear to be the key factors in driving renal fibrosis, independent of the underlying kidney disease. The PDGF family consists of four isoforms (PDGF-A, -B, -C, and -D) and two receptor chains (PDGFR-α and -β), which are constitutively or inducibly expressed in most renal cells. These components have an irreplaceable role in kidney development by recruitment of mesenchymal cells to the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments. They further regulate multiple pathophysiologic processes including cell proliferation, cell migration, expression and accumulation of extracellular matrix, production and secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, vascular permeability, and hemodynamics. This review provides a brief update on the role of different PDGF isoforms in the development of glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, newly identified endogeneous PDGF antagonists, and resulting potential therapies.
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Ryall CL, Viloria K, Lhaf F, Walker AJ, King A, Jones P, Mackintosh D, McNeice R, Kocher H, Flodstrom-Tullberg M, Edling C, Hill NJ. Novel role for matricellular proteins in the regulation of islet β cell survival: the effect of SPARC on survival, proliferation, and signaling. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:30614-30624. [PMID: 25204658 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.573980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms regulating islet growth and survival is critical for developing novel approaches to increasing or sustaining β cell mass in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular protein that is important for the regulation of cell growth and adhesion. Increased SPARC can be detected in the serum of type 2 diabetes patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SPARC in the regulation of β cell growth and survival. We show using immunohistochemistry that SPARC is expressed by stromal cells within islets and can be detected in primary mouse islets by Western blot. SPARC is secreted at high levels by pancreatic stellate cells and is regulated by metabolic parameters in these cells, but SPARC expression was not detectable in β cells. In islets, SPARC expression is highest in young mice, and is also elevated in the islets of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice compared with controls. Purified SPARC inhibits growth factor-induced signaling in both INS-1 β cells and primary mouse islets, and inhibits IGF-1-induced proliferation of INS-1 β cells. Similarly, exogenous SPARC prevents IGF-1-induced survival of primary mouse islet cells. This study identifies the stromal-derived matricellular protein SPARC as a novel regulator of islet survival and β cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Ryall
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Group, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Viloria
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Group, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Fadel Lhaf
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Group, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Walker
- School of Life Sciences, and Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Aileen King
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Reproduction & Endocrinology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Jones
- Diabetes Research Group, Division of Reproduction & Endocrinology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Mackintosh
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Group, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary McNeice
- School of Mathematics, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom
| | - Hemant Kocher
- Barts Cancer Institute, and Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malin Flodstrom-Tullberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Edling
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, and
| | - Natasha J Hill
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Research Group, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom.
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Jazieh KA, Foote MB, Diaz LA. The clinical utility of biomarkers in the management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Semin Radiat Oncol 2014; 24:67-76. [PMID: 24635863 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and survival rates have seen minimal improvement over the past few decades. Although results are poor, surgical resection is considered the only curative therapeutic intervention for pancreatic cancer, thereby emphasizing the significance of effective diagnostic and prognostic tools to improve outcomes. As such, biomarkers play a promising role in the development of personalized treatments for patients with pancreatic cancer. Prognostic biomarkers, such as serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in particular, as well as cancer stem cell markers, provide valuable insight into the biological processes of an individual and their likely course of disease. This, consequently, allows for the assessment of optimal therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, current efforts target putative predictive biomarkers such as BRCA2, PALB2, and SPARC so as to determine their influence on tumor response on targeted therapies. As research progresses, more evidence will provide clinicians with guidelines on the utilization of biomarkers to accurately stage and tailor personalized treatment to the needs of specific patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Jazieh
- The Swim Across America Laboratory, The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, MD; The Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael B Foote
- The Swim Across America Laboratory, The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, MD; The Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Luis A Diaz
- The Swim Across America Laboratory, The Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Baltimore, MD; The Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
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