1
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Lim EW, Fallon RJ, Bates C, Ideguchi Y, Nagasaki T, Handzlik MK, Joulia E, Bonelli R, Green CR, Ansell BRE, Kitano M, Polis I, Roberts AJ, Furuya S, Allikmets R, Wallace M, Friedlander M, Metallo CM, Gantner ML. Serine and glycine physiology reversibly modulate retinal and peripheral nerve function. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00323-1. [PMID: 39191258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis is maintained by redundant pathways to ensure adequate nutrient supply during fasting and other stresses. These pathways are regulated locally in tissues and systemically via the liver, kidney, and circulation. Here, we characterize how serine, glycine, and one-carbon (SGOC) metabolism fluxes across the eye, liver, and kidney sustain retinal amino acid levels and function. Individuals with macular telangiectasia (MacTel), an age-related retinal disease with reduced circulating serine and glycine, carrying deleterious alleles in SGOC metabolic enzymes exhibit an exaggerated reduction in circulating serine. A Phgdh+/- mouse model of this haploinsufficiency experiences accelerated retinal defects upon dietary serine/glycine restriction, highlighting how otherwise silent haploinsufficiencies can impact retinal health. We demonstrate that serine-associated retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy are reversible, as both are restored in mice upon serine supplementation. These data provide molecular insights into the genetic and metabolic drivers of neuro-retinal dysfunction while highlighting therapeutic opportunities to ameliorate this pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther W Lim
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Regis J Fallon
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Caleb Bates
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | - Michal K Handzlik
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Emeline Joulia
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roberto Bonelli
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Courtney R Green
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Brendan R E Ansell
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Maki Kitano
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ilham Polis
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Shigeki Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-0053, Japan
| | | | - Martina Wallace
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Martin Friedlander
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christian M Metallo
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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2
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Riva D, Orlando M, Rabattoni V, Pollegioni L. On the quaternary structure of human D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5089. [PMID: 39012001 PMCID: PMC11250409 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) catalyzes the NAD+-dependent conversion of D-3-phospho-glycerate to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate, the first step in the phosphorylated pathway for L-serine (L-Ser) biosynthesis. L-Ser plays different relevant metabolic roles in eukaryotic cells: alterations in L-Ser metabolism have been linked to serious neurological disorders. The human PHGDH (hPHGDH), showing a homotetrameric state in solution, is made of four domains, among which there are two regulatory domains at the C-terminus: the aspartate kinase-chorismate mutase-tyrA prephenate dehydrogenase (ACT) and allosteric substrate-binding (ASB) domains. The structure of hPHGDH was solved only for a truncated, dimeric form harboring the N-terminal end containing the substrate and the cofactor binding domains. A model ensemble of the tetrameric hPHGDH was generated using AlphaFold coupled with molecular dynamics refinement. By analyzing the inter-subunit interactions at the tetrameric interface, the residues F418, L478, P479, R454, and Y495 were selected and their role was studied by the alanine-scanning mutagenesis approach. The F418A variant modifies the putative ASB, slightly alters the activity, the fraction of protein in the tetrameric state, and the protein stability; it seems relevant in dimers' recognition to yield the tetrameric oligomer. On the contrary, the R454A, L478A, P479A, and Y495A variants (ACT domain) determine a loss of the tetrameric assembly, resulting in low stability and misfolding, triggering the aggregation and hampering the activity. The predicted tetrameric interface seems mediated by residues at the ACT domain, and the tetramer formation seems crucial for proper folding of hPHGDH, which, in turn, is essential for both stability and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Riva
- Department of Biotechnology and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Marco Orlando
- Department of Biotechnology and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
- Present address:
Department of Biotechnology and BiosciencesUniversity of Milano‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Valentina Rabattoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life SciencesUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
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3
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Lee CM, Hwang Y, Kim M, Park YC, Kim H, Fang S. PHGDH: a novel therapeutic target in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1513-1522. [PMID: 38945960 PMCID: PMC11297271 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Serine is a key contributor to the generation of one-carbon units for DNA synthesis during cellular proliferation. In addition, it plays a crucial role in the production of antioxidants that prevent abnormal proliferation and stress in cancer cells. In recent studies, the relationship between cancer metabolism and the serine biosynthesis pathway has been highlighted. In this context, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is notable as a key enzyme that functions as the primary rate-limiting enzyme in the serine biosynthesis pathway, facilitating the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate. Elevated PHGDH activity in diverse cancer cells is mediated through genetic amplification, posttranslational modification, increased transcription, and allosteric regulation. Ultimately, these characteristics allow PHGDH to not only influence the growth and progression of cancer but also play an important role in metastasis and drug resistance. Consequently, PHGDH has emerged as a crucial focal point in cancer research. In this review, the structural aspects of PHGDH and its involvement in one-carbon metabolism are investigated, and PHGDH is proposed as a potential therapeutic target in diverse cancers. By elucidating how PHGDH expression promotes cancer growth, the goal of this review is to provide insight into innovative treatment strategies. This paper aims to reveal how PHGDH inhibitors can overcome resistance mechanisms, contributing to the development of effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Min Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseong Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Chan Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonhui Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Meinhold M, Verbrugge S, Shi A, Schönfelder M, Becker L, Jaspers RT, Zammit PS, Wackerhage H. Yap/Taz activity is associated with increased expression of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase that supports myoblast proliferation. Cell Tissue Res 2024; 395:271-283. [PMID: 38183459 PMCID: PMC10904560 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In skeletal muscle, the Hippo effector Yap promotes satellite cell, myoblast, and rhabdomyoblast proliferation but prevents myogenic differentiation into multinucleated muscle fibres. We previously noted that Yap drives expression of the first enzyme of the serine biosynthesis pathway, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh). Here, we examined the regulation and function of Phgdh in satellite cells and myoblasts and found that Phgdh protein increased during satellite cell activation. Analysis of published data reveal that Phgdh mRNA in mouse tibialis anterior muscle was highly expressed at day 3 of regeneration after cardiotoxin injection, when markers of proliferation are also robustly expressed and in the first week of synergist-ablated muscle. Finally, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PHGDH significantly reduced myoblast numbers and the proliferation rate. Collectively, our data suggest that Phgdh is a proliferation-enhancing metabolic enzyme that is induced when quiescent satellite cells become activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Meinhold
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Connollystrasse 32, 80809, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sander Verbrugge
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Connollystrasse 32, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Andi Shi
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Martin Schönfelder
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Connollystrasse 32, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, German Mouse Clinic, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peter S Zammit
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Connollystrasse 32, 80809, Munich, Germany
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5
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Saito S, Shahbaz S, Luo X, Osman M, Redmond D, Cohen Tervaert JW, Li L, Elahi S. Metabolomic and immune alterations in long COVID patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341843. [PMID: 38304426 PMCID: PMC10830702 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction A group of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals present lingering symptoms, defined as long COVID (LC), that may last months or years post the onset of acute disease. A portion of LC patients have symptoms similar to myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), which results in a substantial reduction in their quality of life. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of LC, in particular, ME/CFS is urgently needed. Methods We identified and studied metabolites and soluble biomarkers in plasma from LC individuals mainly exhibiting ME/CFS compared to age-sex-matched recovered individuals (R) without LC, acute COVID-19 patients (A), and to SARS-CoV-2 unexposed healthy individuals (HC). Results Through these analyses, we identified alterations in several metabolomic pathways in LC vs other groups. Plasma metabolomics analysis showed that LC differed from the R and HC groups. Of note, the R group also exhibited a different metabolomic profile than HC. Moreover, we observed a significant elevation in the plasma pro-inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α, Flt-1, and sCD14) but the reduction in ATP in LC patients. Our results demonstrate that LC patients exhibit persistent metabolomic abnormalities 12 months after the acute COVID-19 disease. Of note, such metabolomic alterations can be observed in the R group 12 months after the acute disease. Hence, the metabolomic recovery period for infected individuals with SARS-CoV-2 might be long-lasting. In particular, we found a significant reduction in sarcosine and serine concentrations in LC patients, which was inversely correlated with depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction scores. Conclusion Our study findings provide a comprehensive metabolomic knowledge base and other soluble biomarkers for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of LC and suggests sarcosine and serine supplementations might have potential therapeutic implications in LC patients. Finally, our study reveals that LC disproportionally affects females more than males, as evidenced by nearly 70% of our LC patients being female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Saito
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shima Shahbaz
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xian Luo
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Desiree Redmond
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Liang Li
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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6
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Stegen S, Moermans K, Stockmans I, Thienpont B, Carmeliet G. The serine synthesis pathway drives osteoclast differentiation through epigenetic regulation of NFATc1 expression. Nat Metab 2024; 6:141-152. [PMID: 38200114 PMCID: PMC10822776 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Bone-resorbing osteoclasts are vital for postnatal bone health, as increased differentiation or activity results in skeletal pathologies such as osteoporosis. The metabolism of mature osteoclasts differs from their progenitor cells, but whether the observed metabolic changes are secondary to the altered cell state or actively drive the process of cell differentiation is unknown. Here, we show that transient activation of the serine synthesis pathway (SSP) is essential for osteoclastogenesis, as deletion of the rate-limiting enzyme phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase in osteoclast progenitors impairs their differentiation and results in increased bone mass. In addition, pharmacological phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase inhibition abrogated bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis by blocking bone resorption. Mechanistically, SSP-derived α-ketoglutarate is necessary for histone demethylases that remove repressive histone methylation marks at the nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (Nfatc1) gene locus, thereby inducing NFATc1 expression and consequent osteoclast maturation. Taken together, this study reveals a metabolic-epigenetic coupling mechanism that directs osteoclast differentiation and suggests that the SSP can be therapeutically targeted to prevent osteoporotic bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Stegen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Moermans
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Stockmans
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernard Thienpont
- Laboratory of Functional Epigenetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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7
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Stadhouders LEM, Smith JAB, Gabriel BM, Verbrugge SAJ, Hammersen TD, Kolijn D, Vogel ISP, Mohamed AD, de Wit GMJ, Offringa C, Hoogaars WMH, Gehlert S, Wackerhage H, Jaspers RT. Myotube growth is associated with cancer-like metabolic reprogramming and is limited by phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113820. [PMID: 37879549 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect links growth and glycolysis in cancer. A key purpose of the Warburg effect is to generate glycolytic intermediates for anabolic reactions, such as nucleotides → RNA/DNA and amino acids → protein synthesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a similar 'glycolysis-for-anabolism' metabolic reprogramming also occurs in hypertrophying skeletal muscle. To interrogate this, we first induced C2C12 myotube hypertrophy with IGF-1. We then added 14C glucose to the differentiation medium and measured radioactivity in isolated protein and RNA to establish whether 14C had entered anabolism. We found that especially protein became radioactive, suggesting a glucose → glycolytic intermediates → non-essential amino acid(s) → protein series of reactions, the rate of which was increased by IGF-1. Next, to investigate the importance of glycolytic flux and non-essential amino acid synthesis for myotube hypertrophy, we exposed C2C12 and primary mouse myotubes to the glycolysis inhibitor 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2DG). We found that inhibiting glycolysis lowered C2C12 and primary myotube size. Similarly, siRNA silencing of PHGDH, the key enzyme of the serine biosynthesis pathway, decreased C2C12 and primary myotube size; whereas retroviral PHGDH overexpression increased C2C12 myotube size. Together these results suggest that glycolysis is important for hypertrophying myotubes, which reprogram their metabolism to facilitate anabolism, similar to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian E M Stadhouders
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathon A B Smith
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FYFA), Group of Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brendan M Gabriel
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular & Diabetes Centre, The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sander A J Verbrugge
- Exercise Biology, Department for Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, München/Munich, Germany
| | - Tim D Hammersen
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Detmar Kolijn
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Molecular Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ilse S P Vogel
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abdalla D Mohamed
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK; Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Target Genomic and Chromosomal Instability, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Gerard M J de Wit
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Offringa
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willem M H Hoogaars
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Gehlert
- Department for the Biosciences of Sports, Institute of Sports Science, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany; Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- Exercise Biology, Department for Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, München/Munich, Germany
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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8
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Tippetts TS, Sieber MH, Solmonson A. Beyond energy and growth: the role of metabolism in developmental signaling, cell behavior and diapause. Development 2023; 150:dev201610. [PMID: 37883062 PMCID: PMC10652041 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism is crucial for development through supporting cell growth, energy production, establishing cell identity, developmental signaling and pattern formation. In many model systems, development occurs alongside metabolic transitions as cells differentiate and specialize in metabolism that supports new functions. Some cells exhibit metabolic flexibility to circumvent mutations or aberrant signaling, whereas other cell types require specific nutrients for developmental progress. Metabolic gradients and protein modifications enable pattern formation and cell communication. On an organism level, inadequate nutrients or stress can limit germ cell maturation, implantation and maturity through diapause, which slows metabolic activities until embryonic activation under improved environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S. Tippetts
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matthew H. Sieber
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- Laboratory of Developmental Metabolism and Placental Biology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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9
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Abstract
Amino acid dysregulation has emerged as an important driver of disease progression in various contexts. l-Serine lies at a central node of metabolism, linking carbohydrate metabolism, transamination, glycine, and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism to protein synthesis and various downstream bioenergetic and biosynthetic pathways. l-Serine is produced locally in the brain but is sourced predominantly from glycine and one-carbon metabolism in peripheral tissues via liver and kidney metabolism. Compromised regulation or activity of l-serine synthesis and disposal occurs in the context of genetic diseases as well as chronic disease states, leading to low circulating l-serine levels and pathogenesis in the nervous system, retina, heart, and aging muscle. Dietary interventions in preclinical models modulate sensory neuropathy, retinopathy, tumor growth, and muscle regeneration. A serine tolerance test may provide a quantitative readout of l-serine homeostasis that identifies patients who may be susceptible to neuropathy or responsive to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal K Handzlik
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA; ,
| | - Christian M Metallo
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA; ,
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10
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Marchesani F, Michielon A, Viale E, Bianchera A, Cavazzini D, Pollegioni L, Murtas G, Mozzarelli A, Bettati S, Peracchi A, Campanini B, Bruno S. Phosphoserine Aminotransferase Pathogenetic Variants in Serine Deficiency Disorders: A Functional Characterization. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1219. [PMID: 37627284 PMCID: PMC10452355 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, the phosphorylated pathway (PP) converts the glycolytic intermediate D-3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) into L-serine through the enzymes 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) and phosphoserine phosphatase. From the pathogenic point of view, the PP in the brain is particularly relevant, as genetic defects of any of the three enzymes are associated with a group of neurometabolic disorders known as serine deficiency disorders (SDDs). We recombinantly expressed and characterized eight variants of PSAT associated with SDDs and two non-SDD associated variants. We show that the pathogenetic mechanisms in SDDs are extremely diverse, including low affinity of the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and thermal instability for S179L and G79W PSAT, loss of activity of the holo form for R342W PSAT, aggregation for D100A PSAT, increased Km for one of the substrates with invariant kcats for S43R PSAT, and a combination of increased Km and decreased kcat for C245R PSAT. Finally, we show that the flux through the in vitro reconstructed PP at physiological concentrations of substrates and enzymes is extremely sensitive to alterations of the functional properties of PSAT variants, confirming PSAT dysfunctions as a cause of SSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Davide Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry/Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- The Protein Factory 2.0, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giulia Murtas
- The Protein Factory 2.0, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Bettati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Peracchi
- Department of Chemistry/Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Campanini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruno
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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11
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Hamano M, Ichinose T, Yasuda T, Ishijima T, Okada S, Abe K, Tashiro K, Furuya S. Bioinformatics Analysis of the Molecular Networks Associated with the Amelioration of Aberrant Gene Expression by a Tyr-Trp Dipeptide in Brains Treated with the Amyloid-β Peptide. Nutrients 2023; 15:2731. [PMID: 37375635 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain peptides derived from various protein sources have been shown to exhibit diverse bio-modulatory and health-promoting effects in animal experiments and human trials. We recently reported that the oral administration of the Tyr-Trp (YW) dipeptide to mice markedly enhances noradrenaline metabolism in the brain and ameliorates the working-memory deficits induced by the β-amyloid 25-35 peptide (Aβ25-35). In the current study, we performed multiple bioinformatics analyses of microarray data from Aβ25-35/YW-treated brains to determine the mechanism underlying the action of YW in the brain and to infer the molecular mechanisms and networks involved in the protective effect of YW in the brain. We found that YW not only reversed inflammation-related responses but also activated various molecular networks involving a transcriptional regulatory system, which is mediated by the CREB binding protein (CBP), EGR-family proteins, ELK1, and PPAR, and the calcium-signaling pathway, oxidative stress tolerance, and an enzyme involved in de novo l-serine synthesis in brains treated with Aβ25-35. This study revealed that YW has a neuroprotective effect against Aβ25-35 neuropathy, suggesting that YW is a new functional-food-material peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Ichinose
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tokio Yasuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishijima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Fukuoka, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
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12
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Li W, Zhu L, Wu B, Liu Y, Li J, Xu L, Huangfu X, Shi D, Gu L, Chen C. Improving mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste by side-stream thermophilic reactor: Activation of methanogenic, key enzymes and metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120167. [PMID: 37290195 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a favorable way to convert organic pollutants, such as food waste (FW), into clean energy through microbial action. This work adopted a side-stream thermophilic anaerobic digestion (STA) strategy to improve a digestive system's efficiency and stability. Results showed that the STA strategy brought higher methane production as well as higher system stability. It quickly adapted to thermal stimulation and increased the specific methane production from 359 mL CH4/g·VS to 439 mL CH4/g·VS, which was also higher than 317 mL CH4/g·VS from single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Further exploration of the mechanism of STA using metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis revealed enhanced activity of key enzymes. The main metabolic pathway was up-regulated, while the dominant bacteria were concentrated, and the multifunctional Methanosarcina was enriched. These results indicate that STA optimized organic metabolism patterns, comprehensively promoted methane production pathways, and formed various energy conservation mechanisms. Further, the system's limited heating avoided adverse effects from thermal stimulation, and activated enzyme activity and heat shock proteins through circulating slurries, which improved the metabolic process, showing great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Baocun Wu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jinze Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
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13
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Sun W, Liu R, Gao X, Lin Z, Tang H, Cui H, Zhao E. Targeting serine-glycine-one-carbon metabolism as a vulnerability in cancers. Biomark Res 2023; 11:48. [PMID: 37147729 PMCID: PMC10161514 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine-glycine-one-carbon (SGOC) metabolic pathway is critical for DNA methylation, histone methylation, and redox homeostasis, in addition to protein, lipid, and nucleotide biosynthesis. The SGOC pathway is a crucial metabolic network in tumorigenesis, wherein the outputs are required for cell survival and proliferation and are particularly likely to be co-opted by aggressive cancers. SGOC metabolism provides an integration point in cell metabolism and is of crucial clinical significance. The mechanism of how this network is regulated is the key to understanding tumor heterogeneity and overcoming the potential mechanism of tumor recurrence. Herein, we review the role of SGOC metabolism in cancer by focusing on key enzymes with tumor-promoting functions and important products with physiological significance in tumorigenesis. In addition, we introduce the ways in which cancer cells acquire and use one-carbon unit, and discuss the recently clarified role of SGOC metabolic enzymes in tumorigenesis and development, as well as their relationship with cancer immunotherapy and ferroptosis. The targeting of SGOC metabolism may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve clinical outcomes in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ruochen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Xinyue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Zini Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Erhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, 400716, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, 400716, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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14
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Jang J, Chang JH. Molecular Structure of Phosphoserine Aminotransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065139. [PMID: 36982214 PMCID: PMC10049462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) is a pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent enzyme involved in the second step of the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis. PSAT catalyzes the transamination of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate to 3-phosphoserine using L-glutamate as the amino donor. Although structural studies of PSAT have been performed from archaea and humans, no structural information is available from fungi. Therefore, to elucidate the structural features of fungal PSAT, we determined the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae PSAT (ScPSAT) at a resolution of 2.8 Å. The results demonstrated that the ScPSAT protein was dimeric in its crystal structure. Moreover, the gate-keeping loop of ScPSAT exhibited a conformation similar to that of other species. Several distinct structural features in the halide-binding and active sites of ScPSAT were compared with its homologs. Overall, this study contributes to our current understanding of PSAT by identifying the structural features of fungal PSAT for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Jang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Convergence Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-5913; Fax: +82-53-950-6809
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15
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The impact of amino acid metabolism on adult neurogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:233-244. [PMID: 36606681 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is a multistage process during which newborn neurons are generated through the activation and proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and integrated into existing neural networks. Impaired adult neurogenesis has been observed in various neurological and psychiatric disorders, suggesting its critical role in cognitive function, brain homeostasis, and neural repair. Over the past decades, mounting evidence has identified a strong association between metabolic status and adult neurogenesis. Here, we aim to summarize how amino acids and their neuroactive metabolites affect adult neurogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the causal link between amino acid metabolism, adult neurogenesis, and neurological diseases. Finally, we propose that systematic elucidation of how amino acid metabolism regulates adult neurogenesis has profound implications not only for understanding the biological underpinnings of brain development and neurological diseases, but also for providing potential therapeutic strategies to intervene in disease progression.
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16
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Van de Gucht M, Dufait I, Kerkhove L, Corbet C, de Mey S, Jiang H, Law KL, Gevaert T, Feron O, De Ridder M. Inhibition of Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Radiosensitizes Human Colorectal Cancer Cells under Hypoxic Conditions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205060. [PMID: 36291844 PMCID: PMC9599856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. Treatment options for these patients consist of surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, a subset of tumors will not respond to therapy or acquire resistance during the course of the treatment, leading to patient relapse. The interplay between reprogramming cancer metabolism and radiotherapy has become an appealing strategy to improve a patient’s outcome. Due to the overexpression of certain enzymes in a variety of cancer types, including colorectal cancer, the serine synthesis pathway has recently become an attractive metabolic target. We demonstrated that by inhibiting the first enzyme of this pathway, namely phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), tumor cells that are deprived of oxygen (as is generally the case in solid tumors) respond better to radiation, leading to increased tumor cell killing in an experimental model of human colorectal cancer. Abstract Augmented de novo serine synthesis activity is increasingly apparent in distinct types of cancers and has mainly sparked interest by investigation of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). Overexpression of PHGDH has been associated with higher tumor grade, shorter relapse time and decreased overall survival. It is well known that therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients can be improved by reprogramming metabolic pathways in combination with standard treatment options, for example, radiotherapy. In this study, possible metabolic changes related to radioresponse were explored upon PHGDH inhibition. Additionally, we evaluated whether PHGDH inhibition could improve radioresponse in human colorectal cancer cell lines in both aerobic and radiobiological relevant hypoxic conditions. Dysregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and dysfunction in mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption rate were indicative of potential radiomodulatory effects. We demonstrated that PHGDH inhibition radiosensitized hypoxic human colorectal cancer cells while leaving intrinsic radiosensitivity unaffected. In a xenograft model, the first hints of additive effects between PHGDH inhibition and radiotherapy were demonstrated. In conclusion, this study is the first to show that modulation of de novo serine biosynthesis enhances radioresponse in hypoxic colorectal cancer cells, mainly mediated by increased levels of intracellular ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Van de Gucht
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lisa Kerkhove
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ka Lun Law
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-4776144
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17
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D’Avola A, Legrave N, Tajan M, Chakravarty P, Shearer RL, King HW, Kluckova K, Cheung EC, Clear AJ, Gunawan AS, Zhang L, James LK, MacRae JI, Gribben JG, Calado DP, Vousden KH, Riches JC. PHGDH is required for germinal center formation and is a therapeutic target in MYC-driven lymphoma. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e153436. [PMID: 35316216 PMCID: PMC9057607 DOI: 10.1172/jci153436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of serine from glucose is a key metabolic pathway supporting cellular proliferation in healthy and malignant cells. Despite this, the role that this aspect of metabolism plays in germinal center biology and pathology is not known. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of the role of the serine synthesis pathway in germinal center B cells and lymphomas derived from these cells. We demonstrate that upregulation of a functional serine synthesis pathway is a metabolic hallmark of B cell activation and the germinal center reaction. Inhibition of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the first and rate-limiting enzyme in this pathway, led to defective germinal formation and impaired high-affinity antibody production. In addition, overexpression of enzymes involved in serine synthesis was a characteristic of germinal center B cell-derived lymphomas, with high levels of expression being predictive of reduced overall survival in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Inhibition of PHGDH induced apoptosis in lymphoma cells, reducing disease progression. These findings establish PHGDH as a critical player in humoral immunity and a clinically relevant target in lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mylène Tajan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Hamish W. King
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Louisa K. James
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James I. MacRae
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - John C. Riches
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, and
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18
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Wang H, Hu M, Ding Z, Zhou X, Yang S, Shen Z, Yan F, Zhao A. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase positively regulates the proliferation of chicken muscle cells. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101805. [PMID: 35344765 PMCID: PMC8958537 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway. However, the regulatory role of PHGDH in muscle development is unclear. We report that the expression of PHGDH increased significantly during proliferation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells. Knockdown of PHGDH by an siRNA suppressed myoblast proliferation, whereas overexpression of PHGDH enhanced muscle cell proliferation. Furthermore, PHGDH promoted the expression of Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1). Knockdown of FoxM1 by an siRNA attenuated the proliferation of chicken muscle cells, whereas its overexpression significantly promoted proliferation. Additionally, siRNA-PHGDH inhibited pcDNA3.1-FoxM1-induced FoxM1 expression in chicken muscle cells. Moreover, PHGDH inhibition overcame the stimulation by pcDNA3.1-FoxM1 of cell cycle-related gene expression. We propose that PHGDH accelerates chicken muscle cell proliferation by increasing FoxM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Moran Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhaoxue Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhonghao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Feifei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Ayong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang 311300, China.
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19
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De novo serine synthesis regulates chondrocyte proliferation during bone development and repair. Bone Res 2022; 10:14. [PMID: 35165259 PMCID: PMC8844408 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of the mammalian skeleton is formed through endochondral ossification starting from a cartilaginous template. Cartilage cells, or chondrocytes, survive, proliferate and synthesize extracellular matrix in an avascular environment, but the metabolic requirements for these anabolic processes are not fully understood. Here, using metabolomics analysis and genetic in vivo models, we show that maintaining intracellular serine homeostasis is essential for chondrocyte function. De novo serine synthesis through phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH)-mediated glucose metabolism generates nucleotides that are necessary for chondrocyte proliferation and long bone growth. On the other hand, dietary serine is less crucial during endochondral bone formation, as serine-starved chondrocytes compensate by inducing PHGDH-mediated serine synthesis. Mechanistically, this metabolic flexibility requires ATF4, a transcriptional regulator of amino acid metabolism and stress responses. We demonstrate that both serine deprivation and PHGDH inactivation enhance ATF4 signaling to stimulate de novo serine synthesis and serine uptake, respectively, and thereby prevent intracellular serine depletion and chondrocyte dysfunction. A similar metabolic adaptability between serine uptake and de novo synthesis is observed in the cartilage callus during fracture repair. Together, the results of this study reveal a critical role for PHGDH-dependent serine synthesis in maintaining intracellular serine levels under physiological and serine-limited conditions, as adequate serine levels are necessary to support chondrocyte proliferation during endochondral ossification.
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20
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Yakupova EI, Zorov DB, Plotnikov EY. Bioenergetics of the Fibrosis. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1599-1606. [PMID: 34937539 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921120099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the development of fibrosis is associated with many diseases, being both a cause and effect of the damage to organs and tissues. Replacement of functional tissue with a scar can lead to organ dysfunction, which is often a life-threatening condition. The development of effective approaches for the prevention or treatment of fibrosis requires an in-depth understanding of all aspects of its pathogenesis, from epithelial-mesenchymal transformation to fibroblast proliferation. Fibrosis can be induced by trauma, ischemic injury, inflammation, and many other pathological states accompanied by repeated cycles of tissue damage and repair. Energy metabolism is the basis of functioning of all cells in an organism and its disruptions are associated with the development of different diseases, hence, it could be a target for the therapy of such pathological processes as ischemia/reperfusion, epilepsy, diabetes, cancer, and neurological disorders. The emergence of fibrosis is also associated with the changes in cell bioenergetics. In this work, we analyzed the changes in the energy metabolism that occur with the progression of fibrosis and evaluated the possibility of affecting energetics as target in the anti-fibrotic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira I Yakupova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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21
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Hamano M, Esaki K, Moriyasu K, Yasuda T, Mohri S, Tashiro K, Hirabayashi Y, Furuya S. Hepatocyte-Specific Phgdh-Deficient Mice Culminate in Mild Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Enhanced Vulnerability to Protein Starvation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103468. [PMID: 34684470 PMCID: PMC8537398 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Serine (Ser) is synthesized de novo from 3-phosphoglycerate via the phosphorylated pathway committed by phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh). A previous study reported that feeding a protein-free diet increased the enzymatic activity of Phgdh in the liver and enhanced Ser synthesis in the rat liver. However, the nutritional and physiological functions of Ser synthesis in the liver remain unclear. To clarify the physiological significance of de novo Ser synthesis in the liver, we generated liver hepatocyte-specific Phgdh KO (LKO) mice using an albumin-Cre driver. The LKO mice exhibited a significant gain in body weight compared to Floxed controls at 23 weeks of age and impaired systemic glucose metabolism, which was accompanied by diminished insulin/IGF signaling. Although LKO mice had no apparent defects in steatosis, the molecular signatures of inflammation and stress responses were evident in the liver of LKO mice. Moreover, LKO mice were more vulnerable to protein starvation than the Floxed mice. These observations demonstrate that Phgdh-dependent de novo Ser synthesis in liver hepatocytes contributes to the maintenance of systemic glucose tolerance, suppression of inflammatory response, and resistance to protein starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
| | - Kayoko Esaki
- Laboratory for Neural Cell Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Kazuki Moriyasu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Tokio Yasuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sinya Mohri
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Gene Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.M.); (T.Y.); (S.M.); (K.T.)
- Innovative Bio-Architecture Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (S.F.)
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22
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Jiang J, Li B, He W, Huang C. Dietary serine supplementation: Friend or foe? Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 61:12-20. [PMID: 34547701 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Serine lies at a critical node in biological processes involved in supplying intermediates for redox homeostasis, nucleotide, or lipid biosynthesis and one-carbon metabolism-coupled methyl donor production. Recently, dietary serine supplementation has been reported to modulate cellular serine levels and ameliorate neurological abnormalities induced by serine deficiency. Moreover, growing evidence showed that serine supplementation also alleviates fatty liver, encephalopathy, diabetes mellitus, and related complications, indicating the possibility of serine supplementation as a complementary therapeutic option. However, considering the serine addiction observed in tumorigenesis and tumor development, limitations may exist regarding the application of dietary serine supplementation in patients with cancer. Here, we assess recent research toward the mechanistic understanding of serine supplementation in various diseases to improve our cognition on modulating serine levels in different patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, Chengdu, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Chongqing, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China.
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23
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Hathazi D, Cox D, D'Amico A, Tasca G, Charlton R, Carlier RY, Baumann J, Kollipara L, Zahedi RP, Feldmann I, Deleuze JF, Torella A, Cohn R, Robinson E, Ricci F, Jungbluth H, Fattori F, Boland A, O’Connor E, Horvath R, Barresi R, Lochmüller H, Urtizberea A, Jacquemont ML, Nelson I, Swan L, Bonne G, Roos A. INPP5K and SIL1 associated pathologies with overlapping clinical phenotypes converge through dysregulation of PHGDH. Brain 2021; 144:2427-2442. [PMID: 33792664 PMCID: PMC8418339 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome is a rare human disorder caused by biallelic mutations in SIL1 characterized by cataracts in infancy, myopathy and ataxia, symptoms which are also associated with a novel disorder caused by mutations in INPP5K. While these phenotypic similarities may suggest commonalties at a molecular level, an overlapping pathomechanism has not been established yet. In this study, we present six new INPP5K patients and expand the current mutational and phenotypical spectrum of the disease showing the clinical overlap between Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome and the INPP5K phenotype. We applied unbiased proteomic profiling on cells derived from Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome and INPP5K patients and identified alterations in d-3-PHGDH as a common molecular feature. d-3-PHGDH modulates the production of l-serine and mutations in this enzyme were previously associated with a neurological phenotype, which clinically overlaps with Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome and INPP5K disease. As l-serine administration represents a promising therapeutic strategy for d-3-PHGDH patients, we tested the effect of l-serine in generated sil1, phgdh and inpp5k a+b zebrafish models, which showed an improvement in their neuronal phenotype. Thus, our study defines a core phenotypical feature underpinning a key common molecular mechanism in three rare diseases and reveals a common and novel therapeutic target for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Hathazi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Dan Cox
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Adele D'Amico
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tasca
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Richard Charlton
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Robert-Yves Carlier
- AP-HP, Service d’Imagerie Médicale, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, 92380 Garches, France
- Inserm U 1179, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), 78180 Versailles, France
| | - Jennifer Baumann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Ingo Feldmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH) (A.B., J.F.D.), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Annalaura Torella
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ronald Cohn
- SickKids Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Emily Robinson
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, King’s College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Fabiana Fattori
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine for Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH) (A.B., J.F.D.), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Emily O’Connor
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK
| | - Rita Barresi
- The John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
- Department of Neuropediatrics and Muscle Disorders, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79095 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Marie-Line Jacquemont
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, Pôle Femme-Mère-Enfant, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, 97410 La Réunion, France
| | - Isabelle Nelson
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS974, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Laura Swan
- Department of molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS974, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Andreas Roos
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Medicine, 45147 Essen, Germany
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24
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Abstract
Metabolism is an important part of tumorigenesis as well as progression. The various cancer metabolism pathways, such as glucose metabolism and glutamine metabolism, directly regulate the development and progression of cancer. The pathways by which the cancer cells rewire their metabolism according to their needs, surrounding environment and host tissue conditions are an important area of study. The regulation of these metabolic pathways is determined by various oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, as well as various constituent cells of the tumor microenvironment. Expanded studies on metabolism will help identify efficient biomarkers for diagnosis and strategies for therapeutic interventions and countering ways by which cancers may acquire resistance to therapy.
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25
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Characterization of ETFDH and PHGDH Mutations in a Patient with Mild Glutaric Aciduria Type II and Serine Deficiency. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050703. [PMID: 34066864 PMCID: PMC8150808 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type II (GA-II) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by defects in electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF), ultimately causing insufficiencies in multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MAD). 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3-PHGDH) deficiency, is another rare autosomal disorder that appears due to a defect in the synthesis of L-serine amino acid. Several mutations of ETFDH and PHGDH genes have been associated with different forms of GA-II and serine deficiency, respectively. In this study, we report a unique case of GA-II with serine deficiency using biochemical, genetic, and in silico approaches. The proband of Syrian descent had positive newborn screening (NBS) for GA-II. At two years of age, the patient presented with developmental regression, ataxia, and intractable seizures. Results of amino acid profiling demonstrated extremely low levels of serine. Confirmatory tests for GA-II and whole exome sequencing (WES) were performed to determine the etiology of intractable seizure. Sequencing results indicated a previously reported homozygous missense mutation, c.679 C>A (p.Pro227Thr) in the ETFDH gene and a novel missense homozygous mutation c.1219 T>C (p.Ser407Pro) in the PHGDH gene. In silico tools predicted these mutations as deleterious. Here, the clinical and biochemical investigations indicate that ETFDH:p.Pro227Thr and PHGDH:p.Ser407Pro variants likely underlie the pathogenesis of GA-II and serine deficiency, respectively. This study indicates that two rare autosomal recessive disorders should be considered in consanguineous families, more specifically in those with atypical presentation.
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26
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McNamee MJ, Michod D, Niklison-Chirou MV. Can small molecular inhibitors that stop de novo serine synthesis be used in cancer treatment? Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:87. [PMID: 33931592 PMCID: PMC8087698 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To sustain their malignancy, tumour cells acquire several metabolic adaptations such as increased oxygen, glucose, glutamine, and lipids uptake. Other metabolic processes are also enhanced as part of tumour metabolic reprogramming, for example, increased serine metabolism. Serine is a non-essential amino acid that supports several metabolic processes that are crucial for the growth and survival of proliferating cells, including protein, DNA, and glutathione synthesis. Indeed, increased activity of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the enzyme rate-limiting de novo serine synthesis, has been extensively reported in several tumours. Therefore, selective inhibition of PHGDH may represent a new therapeutic strategy for over-expressing PHGDH tumours, owing to its downstream inhibition of essential biomass production such as one-carbon units and nucleotides. This perspective article will discuss the current status of research into small molecular inhibitors against PHGDH in colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and Ewing's sarcoma. We will summarise recent studies on the development of PHGDH-inhibitors, highlighting their clinical potential as new therapeutics. It also wants to shed a light on some of the key limitations of the use of PHGDH-inhibitors in cancer treatment which are worth taking into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Jessica McNamee
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI-Bath), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - David Michod
- University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI-Bath), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
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27
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Huang H, Liu K, Ou H, Qian X, Wan J. Phgdh serves a protective role in Il‑1β induced chondrocyte inflammation and oxidative‑stress damage. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:419. [PMID: 33846783 PMCID: PMC8025466 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary pathological changes observed in osteoarthritis (OA) involve inflammation and degeneration of chondrocytes. 3‑phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh), a rate‑limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of 3‑phosphoglycerate to serine, serves as a crucial molecular component of cell growth and metabolism. However, its effects on chondrocytes in OA have not been determined. In the present study, a rat model of OA was used to investigate the expression levels of Phgdh in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the role of Phgdh in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress levels of chondrocytes was detected in vitro. Phgdh expression was decreased in OA, and Phgdh overexpression promoted ECM synthesis, decreased levels inflammatory cytokines, such as Il‑6, TNF‑α, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 and MMP13, and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of Phgdh effectively increased expression levels of the cellular antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase 1, and decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species in chondrocytes; and this may have been regulated by a Kelch like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 axis. Taken together, these results suggest that Phgdh may be used to manage the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Keting Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Xuankun Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Jianshan Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
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28
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Li M, Wu C, Yang Y, Zheng M, Yu S, Wang J, Chen L, Li H. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase: a potential target for cancer treatment. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:541-556. [PMID: 33735398 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic changes have been recognized as an important hallmark of cancer cells. Cancer cells can promote their own growth and proliferation through metabolic reprogramming. Particularly, serine metabolism has frequently been reported to be dysregulated in tumor cells. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) catalyzes the first step in the serine biosynthesis pathway and acts as a rate-limiting enzyme involved in metabolic reprogramming. PHGDH upregulation has been observed in many tumor types, and inhibition of PHGDH expression has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of PHGDH-overexpressing tumor cells, indicating that it may be utilized as a target for cancer treatment. Recently identified inhibitors targeting PHGDH have already shown effectiveness. A further in-depth analysis and concomitant development of PHGDH inhibitors will be of great value for the treatment of cancer. CONCLUSIONS In this review we describe in detail the role of PHGDH in various cancers and inhibitors that have recently been identified to highlight progression in cancer treatment. We also discuss the development of new drugs and treatment modalities based on PHGDH targets. Overexpression of PHGDH has been observed in melanoma, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, parathyroid adenoma, glioma, cervical cancer and others. PHGDH may serve as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of these cancers. The design and development of novel PHGDH inhibitors may have broad implications for cancer treatment. Therapeutic strategies of PHGDH inhibitors in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs may provide new perspectives for precision medicine and effective personalized treatment for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Canrong Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mengzhu Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Silin Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.
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29
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Hewton KG, Johal AS, Parker SJ. Transporters at the Interface between Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Amino Acid Metabolism. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020112. [PMID: 33669382 PMCID: PMC7920303 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central organelles that coordinate a vast array of metabolic and biologic functions important for cellular health. Amino acids are intricately linked to the bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and homeostatic function of the mitochondrion and require specific transporters to facilitate their import, export, and exchange across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Here we review key cellular metabolic outputs of eukaryotic mitochondrial amino acid metabolism and discuss both known and unknown transporters involved. Furthermore, we discuss how utilization of compartmentalized amino acid metabolism functions in disease and physiological contexts. We examine how improved methods to study mitochondrial metabolism, define organelle metabolite composition, and visualize cellular gradients allow for a more comprehensive understanding of how transporters facilitate compartmentalized metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeley G. Hewton
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (K.G.H.); (A.S.J.)
| | - Amritpal S. Johal
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (K.G.H.); (A.S.J.)
| | - Seth J. Parker
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (K.G.H.); (A.S.J.)
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-604-875-3121
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30
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Tajan M, Hennequart M, Cheung EC, Zani F, Hock AK, Legrave N, Maddocks ODK, Ridgway RA, Athineos D, Suárez-Bonnet A, Ludwig RL, Novellasdemunt L, Angelis N, Li VSW, Vlachogiannis G, Valeri N, Mainolfi N, Suri V, Friedman A, Manfredi M, Blyth K, Sansom OJ, Vousden KH. Serine synthesis pathway inhibition cooperates with dietary serine and glycine limitation for cancer therapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:366. [PMID: 33446657 PMCID: PMC7809039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tumour cells show dependence on exogenous serine and dietary serine and glycine starvation can inhibit the growth of these cancers and extend survival in mice. However, numerous mechanisms promote resistance to this therapeutic approach, including enhanced expression of the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) enzymes or activation of oncogenes that drive enhanced serine synthesis. Here we show that inhibition of PHGDH, the first step in the SSP, cooperates with serine and glycine depletion to inhibit one-carbon metabolism and cancer growth. In vitro, inhibition of PHGDH combined with serine starvation leads to a defect in global protein synthesis, which blocks the activation of an ATF-4 response and more broadly impacts the protective stress response to amino acid depletion. In vivo, the combination of diet and inhibitor shows therapeutic efficacy against tumours that are resistant to diet or drug alone, with evidence of reduced one-carbon availability. However, the defect in ATF4-response seen in vitro following complete depletion of available serine is not seen in mice, where dietary serine and glycine depletion and treatment with the PHGDH inhibitor lower but do not eliminate serine. Our results indicate that inhibition of PHGDH will augment the therapeutic efficacy of a serine depleted diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Marc Hennequart
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Eric C Cheung
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Fabio Zani
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Andreas K Hock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Mechanistic Biology and Profiling, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nathalie Legrave
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Oliver D K Maddocks
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Rachel A Ridgway
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Dimitris Athineos
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Robert L Ludwig
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Nikolaos Angelis
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vivian S W Li
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Georgios Vlachogiannis
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology and Genomics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology and Genomics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Vipin Suri
- Raze Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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Chakraborty S, Karmakar A, Goswami T, Ghosh P, Mandal A. A combined spectroscopic and molecular dynamic analysis of the inclusion behaviour of l-serine and β-cyclodextrin. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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Yamamoto K, Mohri S, Furuya S. D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase from the silkworm Bombyx mori: Identification, functional characterization, and expression. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 106:e21751. [PMID: 33058282 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of l-serine. Despite the high serine content in silk proteins and the crucial role of PHGDH in serine biosynthesis, PHGDH has not been described in silkworms to date. Here, we identified PHGDH in the silkworm Bombyx mori and evaluated its biochemical properties. On the basis of the amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree, this PHGDH has been categorized as a new type and designated as bmPHGDH. The recombinant bmPHGDH was overexpressed and purified to homogeneity. Kinetic studies revealed that PHGDH uses NADH as a coenzyme to reduce phosphohydroxypyruvate. High expression levels of bmphgdh messenger RNA (mRNA) were observed in the middle part of the silk gland and midgut in a standard strain of silkworm. Moreover, a sericin-deficient silkworm strain displayed reduced expression of bmphgdh mRNA. These findings indicate that bmPHGDH might play a crucial role in the provision of l-serine in the larva of B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Mohri
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Cai S, Quan S, Yang G, Ye Q, Chen M, Yu H, Wang G, Wang Y, Zeng X, Qiao S. One Carbon Metabolism and Mammalian Pregnancy Outcomes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 65:e2000734. [PMID: 33226182 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is involved in varieties of physiological processes in mammals, including nucleic acid synthesis, amino acid homeostasis, epigenetic regulation, redox balance and neurodevelopment. The current evidence linking levels of one-carbon nutrients during pregnancy to the development of oocytes, embryos, and placentas, as well as maternal and offspring health, is reviewed. The sources of mammalian one-carbon units, the pathways active in mammalian one-carbon metabolism, the maternal and fetal needs for one-carbon units and their functions during pregnancy are described. The demand for one-carbon metabolism is highest during pregnancy compared to the entire lifetime of a mammal. The primary types of one-carbon metabolism in mammals are the folate cycle, methionine cycle and transsulfuration pathway, which varies at different pregnancy stages (e.g., methylation programming of embryo, neural development of fetus, fetal growth and placenta development). Therefore, an overall consideration of one-carbon metabolism requirements for different pregnancy stages, is called for, specifically, the balance of all nutrients involved, not just one single nutrient in one-carbon metabolism. Moreover, the establishment of an ideal one-carbon metabolism requirement model is suggested according to the requirements for different pregnancy stages to support optimal pregnancy outcomes and maternal and offspring health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qianhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-feed additives, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
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Murtas G, Marcone GL, Sacchi S, Pollegioni L. L-serine synthesis via the phosphorylated pathway in humans. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5131-5148. [PMID: 32594192 PMCID: PMC11105101 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
L-serine is a nonessential amino acid in eukaryotic cells, used for protein synthesis and in producing phosphoglycerides, glycerides, sphingolipids, phosphatidylserine, and methylenetetrahydrofolate. Moreover, L-serine is the precursor of two relevant coagonists of NMDA receptors: glycine (through the enzyme serine hydroxymethyltransferase), which preferentially acts on extrasynaptic receptors and D-serine (through the enzyme serine racemase), dominant at synaptic receptors. The cytosolic "phosphorylated pathway" regulates de novo biosynthesis of L-serine, employing 3-phosphoglycerate generated by glycolysis and the enzymes 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, phosphoserine aminotransferase, and phosphoserine phosphatase (the latter representing the irreversible step). In the human brain, L-serine is primarily found in glial cells and is supplied to neurons for D-serine synthesis. Serine-deficient patients show severe neurological symptoms, including congenital microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, and intractable seizures, thus highlighting the relevance of de novo production of this amino acid in brain development and morphogenesis. Indeed, the phosphorylated pathway is strictly linked to cancer. Moreover, L-serine has been suggested as a ready-to-use treatment, as also recently proposed for Alzheimer's disease. Here, we present our current state of knowledge concerning the three mammalian enzymes of the phosphorylated pathway and known mutations related to pathological conditions: although the structure of these enzymes has been solved, how enzyme activity is regulated remains largely unknown. We believe that an in-depth investigation of these enzymes is crucial to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in modulating concentrations of the serine enantiomers and for studying the interplay between glial and neuronal cells and also to determine the most suitable therapeutic approach for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Murtas
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Giorgia Letizia Marcone
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Sacchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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35
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Maugard M, Vigneron PA, Bolaños JP, Bonvento G. l-Serine links metabolism with neurotransmission. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 197:101896. [PMID: 32798642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain energy metabolism is often considered as a succession of biochemical steps that metabolize the fuel (glucose and oxygen) for the unique purpose of providing sufficient ATP to maintain the huge information processing power of the brain. However, a significant fraction (10-15 %) of glucose is shunted away from the ATP-producing pathway (oxidative phosphorylation) and may be used to support other functions. Recent studies have pointed to the marked compartmentation of energy metabolic pathways between neurons and glial cells. Here, we focused our attention on the biosynthesis of l-serine, a non-essential amino acid that is formed exclusively in glial cells (mostly astrocytes) by re-routing the metabolic fate of the glycolytic intermediate, 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). This metabolic pathway is called the phosphorylated pathway and transforms 3PG into l-serine via three enzymatic reactions. We first compiled the available data on the mechanisms that regulate the flux through this metabolic pathway. We then reviewed the current evidence that is beginning to unravel the roles of l-serine both in the healthy and diseased brain, leading to the notion that this specific metabolic pathway connects glial metabolism with synaptic activity and plasticity. We finally suggest that restoring astrocyte-mediated l-serine homeostasis may provide new therapeutic strategies for brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Maugard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Pierre-Antoine Vigneron
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Gilles Bonvento
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, MIRCen, Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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36
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Reina-Campos M, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The complexity of the serine glycine one-carbon pathway in cancer. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:jcb.201907022. [PMID: 31690618 PMCID: PMC7039202 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201907022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations in cellular metabolism are ubiquitous in cancer. Here Reina-Campos et al. review the role of one-carbon metabolism in tumorigenesis. The serine glycine and one-carbon pathway (SGOCP) is a crucially important metabolic network for tumorigenesis, of unanticipated complexity, and with implications in the clinic. Solving how this network is regulated is key to understanding the underlying mechanisms of tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance. Here, we review its role in cancer by focusing on key enzymes with tumor-promoting functions and important products of the SGOCP that are of physiological relevance for tumorigenesis. We discuss the regulatory mechanisms that coordinate the metabolic flux through the SGOCP and their deregulation, as well as how the actions of this metabolic network affect other cells in the tumor microenvironment, including endothelial and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reina-Campos
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Maria T Diaz-Meco
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
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37
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Kang YP, Falzone A, Liu M, González-Sánchez P, Choi BH, Coloff JL, Saller JJ, Karreth FA, DeNicola GM. PHGDH supports liver ceramide synthesis and sustains lipid homeostasis. Cancer Metab 2020; 8:6. [PMID: 32549981 PMCID: PMC7294658 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-00212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND d-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), which encodes the first enzyme in serine biosynthesis, is overexpressed in human cancers and has been proposed as a drug target. However, whether PHGDH is critical for the proliferation or homeostasis of tissues following the postnatal period is unknown. METHODS To study PHGDH inhibition in adult animals, we developed a knock-in mouse model harboring a PHGDH shRNA under the control of a doxycycline-inducible promoter. With this model, PHGDH depletion can be globally induced in adult animals, while sparing the brain due to poor doxycycline delivery. RESULTS We found that PHGDH depletion is well tolerated, and no overt phenotypes were observed in multiple highly proliferative cell compartments. Further, despite detectable knockdown and impaired serine synthesis, liver and pancreatic functions were normal. Interestingly, diminished PHGDH expression reduced liver serine and ceramide levels without increasing the levels of deoxysphingolipids. Further, liver triacylglycerol profiles were altered, with an accumulation of longer chain, polyunsaturated tails upon PHGDH knockdown. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that dietary serine is adequate to support the function of healthy, adult murine tissues, but PHGDH-derived serine supports liver ceramide synthesis and sustains general lipid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Aimee Falzone
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Min Liu
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Paloma González-Sánchez
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Bo-Hyun Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Jonathan L. Coloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - James J. Saller
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Florian A. Karreth
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
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38
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Kim KY, Hwang SK, Park SY, Kim MJ, Jun DY, Kim YH. l-Serine protects mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells against oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and apoptotic cell death. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:447-460. [PMID: 31326607 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective mechanism of l-serine against oxidative stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis was investigated in mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells. Treatment with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ) increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS and apoptosis, without necrosis, in HT22 cells. ROS-mediated apoptosis was accompanied by the induction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, involving CHOP/GADD153 upregulation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, and caspase-12 and caspase-8 activation, and subsequent induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through BAK and BAX activation, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) loss, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation. However, the DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and ER stress- and mitochondrial damage-induced apoptotic events were dose-dependently suppressed by co-treatment with l-serine (7.5-20 mM). Although DMNQ reduced both the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and the ratios of reduced GSH to oxidized GSH (GSSG), the reduction was restored by co-treatment with l-serine. Co-treatment with GSH or N-acetylcysteine also blocked DMNQ-caused ROS elevation and apoptosis; however, co-treatment with the GSH synthesis inhibitor buthionine sulfoximine significantly promoted ROS-mediated apoptosis and counteracted the protection by l-serine. In HT22 cells, DMNQ treatment appeared to tilt the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance toward fission by down-regulating the levels of profusion proteins (MFN1/2 and OPA1) and inhibitory phosphorylation of profission protein DRP1 at Ser-637, resulting in mitochondrial fragmentation. These DMNQ-caused alterations were prevented by l-serine. A comparison of mitochondrial energetic function between DMNQ- and DMNQ/l-serine-treated HT22 cells showed that the DMNQ-caused impairment of the mitochondrial energy generation capacity was restored by l-serine. These results demonstrate that l-serine can protect neuronal cells against oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death by contributing to intracellular antioxidant GSH synthesis and maintaining the mitochondrial fusion-fission balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Yun Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Su-Kyeong Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Do Youn Jun
- Astrogen Inc., Techno-Building 313, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
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39
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Bernard K. Collagen Biosynthesis in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Unraveling the Metabolic Web. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 58:545-546. [PMID: 29714628 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0350ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bernard
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama
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40
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Hypoxia tolerance in the Norrin-deficient retina and the chronically hypoxic brain studied at single-cell resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:9103-9114. [PMID: 30988181 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian CNS is capable of tolerating chronic hypoxia, but cell type-specific responses to this stress have not been systematically characterized. In the Norrin KO (Ndp KO ) mouse, a model of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), developmental hypovascularization of the retina produces chronic hypoxia of inner nuclear-layer (INL) neurons and Muller glia. We used single-cell RNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and metabolite labeling from 13C-glucose to compare WT and Ndp KO retinas. In Ndp KO retinas, we observe gene expression responses consistent with hypoxia in Muller glia and retinal neurons, and we find a metabolic shift that combines reduced flux through the TCA cycle with increased synthesis of serine, glycine, and glutathione. We also used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare the responses of individual cell types in Ndp KO retinas with those in the hypoxic cerebral cortex of mice that were housed for 1 week in a reduced oxygen environment (7.5% oxygen). In the hypoxic cerebral cortex, glial transcriptome responses most closely resemble the response of Muller glia in the Ndp KO retina. In both retina and brain, vascular endothelial cells activate a previously dormant tip cell gene expression program, which likely underlies the adaptive neoangiogenic response to chronic hypoxia. These analyses of retina and brain transcriptomes at single-cell resolution reveal both shared and cell type-specific changes in gene expression in response to chronic hypoxia, implying both shared and distinct cell type-specific physiologic responses.
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41
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Bourque DK, Cloutier M, Kernohan KD, Bareke E, Grynspan D, Michaud J, Boycott KM. Neu-Laxova syndrome presenting prenatally with increased nuchal translucency and cystic hygroma: The utility of exome sequencing in deciphering the diagnosis. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:813-816. [PMID: 30838783 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a lethal autosomal recessive microcephaly syndrome associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and multiple congenital anomalies. Clinical features include central nervous system malformations, joint contractures, ichthyosis, edema, and dysmorphic facial features. Biallelic pathogenic variants in either the PHGDH or PSAT1 genes have been shown to cause NLS. Using exome sequencing, we aimed to identify the underlying genetic diagnosis in three fetuses (from one family) with prenatal skin edema, severe IUGR, micrognathia, renal anomalies, and arthrogryposis and identified a homozygous c.1A>C (p.Met1?, NM_006623.3) variant in the PHGDH gene. Loss of the translation start codon is a novel genetic mechanism for the development of NLS. Prenatal diagnosis of NLS is challenging and few reports describe the fetal pathology. Fetal neuropathologic examination revealed: delayed brain development, congenital agenesis of the corticospinal tracts, and hypoplasia of the hippocampus, cerebellum and brainstem. Each pregnancy also showed increased nuchal translucency (NT) or cystic hygroma. While NLS is rare, it may be a cause of recurrent increased NT/cystic hygroma. This finding provides further support that cystic hygroma has many different genetic causes and that exome sequencing may shed light on the underlying genetic diagnoses in this group of prenatal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K Bourque
- Regional Genetics Program, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mireille Cloutier
- Regional Genetics Program, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Eric Bareke
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Grynspan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | -
- CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kym M Boycott
- Regional Genetics Program, CHEO, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
l-Serine is the immediate precursor of d-serine, a major agonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. l-Serine is a pivotal amino acid since it serves as a precursor to a large number of essential metabolites besides d-serine. In all non-photosynthetic organisms, including mammals, a major source of l-serine is the phosphorylated pathway of l-serine biosynthesis. The pathway consists of three enzymes, d-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH), phosphoserine amino transferase (PSAT), and l-phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP). PGDH catalyzes the first step in the pathway by converting d-3-phosphoglycerate (PGA), an intermediate in glycolysis, to phosphohydroxypyruvate (PHP) concomitant with the reduction of NAD+. In some, but not all organisms, the catalytic activity of PGDH can be regulated by feedback inhibition by l-serine. Three types of PGDH can be distinguished based on their domain structure. Type III PGDHs contain only a nucleotide binding and substrate binding domain. Type II PGDHs contain an additional regulatory domain (ACT domain), and Type I PGDHs contain a fourth domain, termed the ASB domain. There is no consistent pattern of domain content that correlates with organism type, and even when additional domains are present, they are not always functional. PGDH deficiency results in metabolic defects of the nervous system whose systems range from microcephaly at birth, seizures, and psychomotor retardation. Although deficiency of any of the pathway enzymes have similar outcomes, PGDH deficiency is predominant. Dietary or intravenous supplementation with l-serine is effective in controlling seizures but has little effect on psychomotor development. An increase in PGDH levels, due to overexpression, is also associated with a wide array of cancers. In culture, PGDH is required for tumor cell proliferation, but extracellular l-serine is not able to support cell proliferation. This has led to the hypothesis that the pathway is performing some function related to tumor growth other than supplying l-serine. The most well-studied PGDHs are bacterial, primarily from Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, perhaps because they have been of most interest mechanistically. However, the relatively recent association of PGDH with neuronal defects and human cancers has provoked renewed interest in human PGDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Grant
- Departments of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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43
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Kölker S. Metabolism of amino acid neurotransmitters: the synaptic disorder underlying inherited metabolic diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:1055-1063. [PMID: 29869166 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are involved in various metabolic pathways and some of them also act as neurotransmitters. Since biosynthesis of L-glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) requires 2-oxoglutarate while 3-phosphoglycerate is the precursor of L-glycine and D-serine, evolutionary selection of these amino acid neurotransmitters might have been driven by their capacity to provide important information about the glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle. Synthesis and recycling of amino acid neurotransmitters as well as composition and function of their receptors are often compromised in inherited metabolic diseases. For instance, increased plasma L-phenylalanine concentrations impair cerebral biosynthesis of protein and bioamines in phenylketonuria, while elevated cerebral L-phenylalanine directly acts via ionotropic glutamate receptors. In succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, the neurotransmitter GABA and neuromodulatory γ-hydroxybutyric acid are elevated. Chronic hyperGABAergic state results in progressive downregulation of GABAA and GABAB receptors and impaired mitophagy. In glycine encephalopathy, the neurological phenotype is precipitated by L-glycine acting both via cortical NMDA receptors and glycine receptors in spinal cord and brain stem neurons. Serine deficiency syndromes are biochemically characterized by decreased biosynthesis of L-serine, an important neurotrophic factor, and the neurotransmitters D-serine and L-glycine. Supplementation with L-serine and L-glycine has a positive effect on seizure frequency and spasticity, while neurocognitive development can only be improved if treatment starts in utero or immediately postnatally. With novel techniques, the study of synaptic dysfunction in inherited metabolic diseases has become an emerging research field. More and better therapies are needed for these difficult-to-treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kölker
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Medicine, Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Takeichi T, Okuno Y, Kawamoto A, Inoue T, Nagamoto E, Murase C, Shimizu E, Tanaka K, Kageshita Y, Fukushima S, Kono M, Ishikawa J, Ihn H, Takahashi Y, Akiyama M. Reduction of stratum corneum ceramides in Neu-Laxova syndrome caused by phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2413-2420. [PMID: 30348640 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p087536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neu-Laxova syndrome (NLS) is a very rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by disturbed development of the central nervous system and the skin and caused by mutations in any of the three genes involved in de novo l-serine biosynthesis: PHGDH, PSAT1, and PSPH l-Serine is essential for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylserine and sphingolipids. The extracellular lipid of the stratum corneum, of which sphingolipid constitutes a significant part, plays a primary role in skin barrier function. Here, we describe a Japanese NLS pedigree with a previously unreported nonsense mutation in PHGDH and a unique inversion of chromosome 1. In addition, the levels of 11 major ceramide classes in the tape-stripped stratum corneum of the NLS patient's skin were assessed by LC/MS. Notably, lower amounts of ceramides of all classes were found in the patient's stratum corneum than in those of controls. This is the first report to demonstrate the reduction of ceramides in the stratum corneum of an NLS patient due to PHGDH mutations. The clinical findings and a detailed analysis of ceramides from the stratum corneum in the family extend the spectrum of clinical anomalies and give us a clue to the pathomechanisms of ichthyosis in NLS patients with phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akane Kawamoto
- Biological Science Research Laboratories Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Eiko Nagamoto
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Chiaki Murase
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Eri Shimizu
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kageshita
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kono
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Junko Ishikawa
- Biological Science Research Laboratories Kao Corporation, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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45
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Vandekeere S, Dubois C, Kalucka J, Sullivan MR, García-Caballero M, Goveia J, Chen R, Diehl FF, Bar-Lev L, Souffreau J, Pircher A, Kumar S, Vinckier S, Hirabayashi Y, Furuya S, Schoonjans L, Eelen G, Ghesquière B, Keshet E, Li X, Vander Heiden MG, Dewerchin M, Carmeliet P. Serine Synthesis via PHGDH Is Essential for Heme Production in Endothelial Cells. Cell Metab 2018; 28:573-587.e13. [PMID: 30017355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a key enzyme of the serine synthesis pathway (SSP), in endothelial cells (ECs) remains poorly characterized. We report that mouse neonates with EC-specific PHGDH deficiency suffer lethal vascular defects within days of gene inactivation, due to reduced EC proliferation and survival. In addition to nucleotide synthesis impairment, PHGDH knockdown (PHGDHKD) caused oxidative stress, due not only to decreased glutathione and NADPH synthesis but also to mitochondrial dysfunction. Electron transport chain (ETC) enzyme activities were compromised upon PHGDHKD because of insufficient heme production due to cellular serine depletion, not observed in other cell types. As a result of heme depletion, elevated reactive oxygen species levels caused EC demise. Supplementation of hemin in PHGDHKD ECs restored ETC function and rescued the apoptosis and angiogenesis defects. These data argue that ECs die upon PHGDH inhibition, even without external serine deprivation, illustrating an unusual importance of serine synthesis for ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saar Vandekeere
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Dubois
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Mark R Sullivan
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Melissa García-Caballero
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jermaine Goveia
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Frances F Diehl
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Libat Bar-Lev
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Joris Souffreau
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Saran Kumar
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Stefan Vinckier
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Laboratory for Molecular Membrane Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako City, Saimata 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Bart Ghesquière
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Eli Keshet
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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46
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Okabe K, Usui I, Yaku K, Hirabayashi Y, Tobe K, Nakagawa T. Deletion of PHGDH in adipocytes improves glucose intolerance in diet-induced obese mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:309-314. [PMID: 30180949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Serine is a nonessential amino acid and plays an important role in cellular metabolism. In mammalian serine biosynthesis, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is considered a rate-limiting enzyme and is required for normal development. Although the biological functions of PHGHD in the nervous system have been intensively studied, its function in adipose tissue is unknown. In this study, we found that PHGDH is abundantly expressed in mature adipocytes of white adipose tissue. We generated an adipocyte-specific PHGDH knockout mouse (PHGDH FKO) and used it to investigate the role of serine biosynthesis in adipose tissues. Although PHGDH FKO mice had no apparent defects in adipose tissue development, these mice ameliorated glucose intolerance upon diet-induced obesity. Additionally, we found that the serine levels increase drastically in the adipose tissues of obese wild type mice, whereas no significant rise was observed in PHGDH FKO mice. Furthermore, wild type mice fed a serine-deficient diet also exhibited better glucose tolerance. These results suggest that PHGDH-mediated serine biosynthesis has important roles in adipose tissue glucose metabolism and could be a therapeutic target for diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okabe
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isao Usui
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Neuronal Circuit Mechanisms Research Group, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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47
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Ferreira CR, Goorden SMI, Soldatos A, Byers HM, Ghauharali-van der Vlugt JMM, Beers-Stet FS, Groden C, van Karnebeek CD, Gahl WA, Vaz FM, Jiang X, Vernon HJ. Deoxysphingolipid precursors indicate abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in individuals with primary and secondary disturbances of serine availability. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 124:204-209. [PMID: 29789193 PMCID: PMC6057808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with primary serine biosynthetic defects manifest with intellectual disability, microcephaly, ichthyosis, seizures and peripheral neuropathy. The underlying pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in these patients has not been elucidated, but could be related to a decrease in the availability of certain classical sphingolipids, or to an increase in atypical sphingolipids. Here, we show that patients with primary serine deficiency have a statistically significant elevation in specific atypical sphingolipids, namely deoxydihydroceramides of 18-22 carbons in acyl length. We also show that patients with aberrant plasma serine and alanine levels secondary to mitochondrial disorders also display peripheral neuropathy along with similar elevations of atypical sphingolipids. We hypothesize that the etiology of peripheral neuropathy in patients with primary mitochondrial disorders is related to this elevation of deoxysphingolipids, in turn caused by increased availability of alanine and decreased availability of serine. These findings could have important therapeutic implications for the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S M I Goorden
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Soldatos
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H M Byers
- Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - F S Beers-Stet
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Groden
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C D van Karnebeek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W A Gahl
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - H J Vernon
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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48
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Hamano M, Haraguchi Y, Sayano T, Zyao C, Arimoto Y, Kawano Y, Moriyasu K, Udono M, Katakura Y, Ogawa T, Kato H, Furuya S. Enhanced vulnerability to oxidative stress and induction of inflammatory gene expression in 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase-deficient fibroblasts. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:914-922. [PMID: 29928571 PMCID: PMC5986034 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
l‐Serine (l‐Ser) is a necessary precursor for the synthesis of proteins, lipids, glycine, cysteine, d‐serine, and tetrahydrofolate metabolites. Low l‐Ser availability activates stress responses and cell death; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. l‐Ser is synthesized de novo from 3‐phosphoglycerate with 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh) catalyzing the first reaction step. Here, we show that l‐Ser depletion raises intracellular H2O2 levels and enhances vulnerability to oxidative stress in Phgdh‐deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These changes were associated with reduced total glutathione levels. Moreover, levels of the inflammatory markers thioredoxin‐interacting protein and prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 were upregulated under l‐Ser‐depleted conditions; this was suppressed by the addition of N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine. Thus, intracellular l‐Ser deficiency triggers an inflammatory response via increased oxidative stress, and de novo l‐Ser synthesis suppresses oxidative stress damage and inflammation when the external l‐Ser supply is restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Hamano
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism Department of Innovative Science and Technology for Bio-industry Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,International College of Arts and Sciences Fukuoka Women's University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yurina Haraguchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tomoko Sayano
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism Department of Innovative Science and Technology for Bio-industry Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Membrane Neuroscience RIKEN Brain Science Institute Wako, Saitama Japan
| | - Chong Zyao
- Department of Genetic Resources Technology Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yashiho Arimoto
- Department of Genetic Resources Technology Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yui Kawano
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kazuki Moriyasu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Miyako Udono
- Department of Genetic Resources Technology Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yoshinori Katakura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,Department of Genetic Resources Technology Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takuya Ogawa
- School of Pharmacy International University of Health and Welfare Tochigi Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Corporate Sponsored Research Program "Food for Life", Organization for Interdisciplinary Research Projects The University of Tokyo Japan
| | - Shigeki Furuya
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Metabolism Department of Innovative Science and Technology for Bio-industry Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan.,Department of Genetic Resources Technology Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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49
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Zhou Y, Hu C, Zhao X, Luo P, Lu J, Li Q, Chen M, Yan D, Lu X, Kong H, Jia W, Xu G. Serum Metabolomics Study of Gliclazide-Modified-Release-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using a Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Method. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1575-1585. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
- Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dandan Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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50
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O’Brien LL, Guo Q, Bahrami-Samani E, Park JS, Hasso SM, Lee YJ, Fang A, Kim AD, Guo J, Hong TM, Peterson KA, Lozanoff S, Raviram R, Ren B, Fogelgren B, Smith AD, Valouev A, McMahon AP. Transcriptional regulatory control of mammalian nephron progenitors revealed by multi-factor cistromic analysis and genetic studies. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007181. [PMID: 29377931 PMCID: PMC5805373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephron progenitor number determines nephron endowment; a reduced nephron count is linked to the onset of kidney disease. Several transcriptional regulators including Six2, Wt1, Osr1, Sall1, Eya1, Pax2, and Hox11 paralogues are required for specification and/or maintenance of nephron progenitors. However, little is known about the regulatory intersection of these players. Here, we have mapped nephron progenitor-specific transcriptional networks of Six2, Hoxd11, Osr1, and Wt1. We identified 373 multi-factor associated 'regulatory hotspots' around genes closely associated with progenitor programs. To examine their functional significance, we deleted 'hotspot' enhancer elements for Six2 and Wnt4. Removal of the distal enhancer for Six2 leads to a ~40% reduction in Six2 expression. When combined with a Six2 null allele, progeny display a premature depletion of nephron progenitors. Loss of the Wnt4 enhancer led to a significant reduction of Wnt4 expression in renal vesicles and a mildly hypoplastic kidney, a phenotype also enhanced in combination with a Wnt4 null mutation. To explore the regulatory landscape that supports proper target gene expression, we performed CTCF ChIP-seq to identify insulator-boundary regions. One such putative boundary lies between the Six2 and Six3 loci. Evidence for the functional significance of this boundary was obtained by deep sequencing of the radiation-induced Brachyrrhine (Br) mutant allele. We identified an inversion of the Six2/Six3 locus around the CTCF-bound boundary, removing Six2 from its distal enhancer regulation, but placed next to Six3 enhancer elements which support ectopic Six2 expression in the lens where Six3 is normally expressed. Six3 is now predicted to fall under control of the Six2 distal enhancer. Consistent with this view, we observed ectopic Six3 in nephron progenitors. 4C-seq supports the model for Six2 distal enhancer interactions in wild-type and Br/+ mouse kidneys. Together, these data expand our view of the regulatory genome and regulatory landscape underpinning mammalian nephrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori L. O’Brien
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Qiuyu Guo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Bioinformatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Emad Bahrami-Samani
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joo-Seop Park
- Division of Pediatric Urology and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Hasso
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Alan Fang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Albert D. Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jinjin Guo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Trudy M. Hong
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | | | - Scott Lozanoff
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Ramya Raviram
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genomic Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Bing Ren
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genomic Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Ben Fogelgren
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Anton Valouev
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Division of Bioinformatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. McMahon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Broad-CIRM Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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