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Lozano-Paniagua D, Parrón T, Alarcón R, Requena M, Lacasaña M, Hernández AF. A Th2-type immune response and low-grade systemic inflammatory reaction as potential immunotoxic effects in intensive agriculture farmers exposed to pesticides. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173545. [PMID: 38802022 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are chemicals widely used in agriculture to keep crops healthy and prevent them from being destroyed by pests, thus contributing to a sustainable food and feed production. However, long-term exposure to these compounds may be harmful to human health as they can affect the function of various organs systems, including the immune system. There is growing evidence that pesticides may increase the risk of developing immune-based diseases and inflammation. This study assessed whether greenhouse farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides presented alterations in immunoregulatory proteins, used as surrogate biomarkers of immune function. The study population consisted of 175 greenhouse workers occupationally exposed to pesticides and 91 non-exposed controls. Serum levels of 27 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were measured using a magnetic bead-based immunoassay in a subpopulation of 111 greenhouse workers and 79 non-exposed controls. Since analytical determinations were performed in two periods of the same crop season with different use of pesticides (period of high and low pesticide exposure), linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to optimize statistical inference. The increase in IL-13, IL-4 and IL-6 observed in greenhouse workers compared to controls, and in the period of high exposure to pesticides relative to that of low exposure, suggest an altered Th1/Th2 balance towards the Th2 response. This finding points to a type-2 inflammation commonly presented as allergic inflammation, which has often been reported in farm-workers and in which pesticide exposure is considered a risk factor. Furthermore, the increase in IL-1β and VEGF, mediators of inflammation and angiogenesis, may suggest a low-grade systemic inflammation that might underlie chronic pathological conditions linked to pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tesifón Parrón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
| | - Raquel Alarcón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
| | - Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
| | - Marina Lacasaña
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; Andalusian Health and Environment Observatory (OSMAN), Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Spain; Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain.
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Chaaban A, Yassine H, Hammoud R, Kanaan R, Karam L, Ibrahim JN. A narrative review on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of familial Mediterranean fever: an emphasis on pediatric cases. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1421353. [PMID: 39132307 PMCID: PMC11310175 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1421353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disease characterized by an early onset of recurrent fever and serositis episodes. FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene which encodes the pyrin protein, an IL-1β mediated inflammation regulator. Recent findings have identified a plethora of molecules and pathways involved in the regulation of inflammation and innate immunity, hence increasing our understanding of the etiology and inflammatory nature of FMF. Cytokines, in particular, have been found to play a key role in the pathogenesis and treatment of the disease. Indeed, various studies associated cytokines' genetic variations and expression with susceptibility to and severity of the disease, which was further supported by the positive response of patients, both children and adults, to targeted cytokine blocking therapies. These studies highlighted the potential use of cytokines as biomarkers and target in resistant/intolerant patients and contributed to improving the early detection of FMF in children, thus enhancing their quality of life and providing alternative treatment for severe cases. The aim of this review is to provide the latest updates on the pivotal role of cytokines in FMF and to discuss the efficacy and safety of anti-cytokine biologics by primarily focusing on pediatric FMF cases.
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McAllister IL, Vijayasekaran S, McLenachan S, Bhikoo R, Chen FK, Zhang D, Kanagalingam E, Yu DY. Cytokine Levels in Experimental Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Treated With Either Bevacizumab or Triamcinolone Acetonide. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:13. [PMID: 38899953 PMCID: PMC11193067 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.6.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare gene expression changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the pig with and without bevacizumab (BEV) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA). Methods Photothrombotic BRVOs were created in both eyes of four groups of nine pigs (2, 6, 10, and 20 days). In each group, six pigs received intravitreal injections of BEV in one eye and TA in the fellow eye, with three pigs serving as untreated BRVO controls. Three untreated pigs served as healthy controls. Expression of mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), dystrophin (DMD), potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 10 protein (Kir4.1, KCNJ10), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (CXCL12), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) were analyzed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Retinal VEGF protein levels were characterized by immunohistochemistry. Results In untreated eyes, BRVO significantly increased expression of GFAP, IL8, CCL2, ICAM1, HSF1, and AQP4. Expression of VEGF, KCNJ10, and CXCL12 was significantly reduced by 6 days post-BRVO, with expression recovering to healthy control levels by day 20. Treatment with BEV or TA significantly increased VEGF, DMD, and IL6 expression compared with untreated BRVO eyes and suppressed BRVO-induced CCL2 and AQP4 upregulation, as well as recovery of KCNJ10 expression, at 10 to 20 days post-BRVO. Conclusions Inflammation and cellular osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF suppression appear to play important roles in BRVO-induced retinal neurodegeneration, enhanced in both BEV- and TA-treated retinas. Translational Relevance Inner retinal neurodegeneration seen in this acute model of BRVO appears to be mediated by inflammation and alterations in osmohomeostasis rather than VEGF inhibition, which may have implications for more specific treatment modalities in the acute phase of BRVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian L. McAllister
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarojini Vijayasekaran
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Riyaz Bhikoo
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K. Chen
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan Zhang
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Kanagalingam
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dao-Yi Yu
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Kataoka T, Ito H, Mori T, Hotta Y, Sanagawa A, Maeda Y, Furukawa-Hibi Y, Kimura K. Testosterone improved erectile function by upregulating transcriptional expression of growth factors in late androgen replacement therapy model rats. Int J Impot Res 2024; 36:437-442. [PMID: 36310186 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that castration of rats reduced erectile function over time; when testosterone replacement therapy was started 4 weeks after castration, erectile function improved. In this study, we examined the mechanism of improvement in erectile function following testosterone replacement therapy in rats. Thirty 12-week-old rats were divided into castrated (Cast), castrated with subcutaneous administration of testosterone (Cast + T), and sham (Sham) groups. Erectile function and mRNA and protein expression were evaluated in the rats by using standard methods. To assess erectile function, we measured the intracavernosal pressure, mean arterial pressure, mRNA expression of endothelial growth factors, and protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure ratio was significantly lower in the Cast group, and testosterone administration significantly improved (P = 0.017). Compared to the Cast group, the Cast+T group exhibited significantly increased mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), nerve growth factor (NGF), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), caveolae associated protein 1 (Cavin-1), Cavin-2, Cavin-3, sirtuin 1 (Sirt-1), sphingosine-1-phosphate 1 (S1P1), S1P2, and S1P3 and eNOS protein expression. Testosterone replacement therapy improved erectile function in castrated rats by increasing growth factors and eNOS protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kataoka
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Kataoka's lab, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba Institute of Science, 15-8 Shiomi-cho, Choshi, Chiba, 288-0025, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Ito
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Taiki Mori
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuji Hotta
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Akimasa Sanagawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Maeda
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yoko Furukawa-Hibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kimura
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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Su Y, Lucas R, Fulton DJ, Verin AD. Mechanisms of pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2024; 2:80-87. [PMID: 39006829 PMCID: PMC11242916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pccm.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form a semi-permeable barrier between the interior space of blood vessels and the underlying tissues. Pulmonary endothelial barrier integrity is maintained through coordinated cellular processes involving receptors, signaling molecules, junctional complexes, and protein-regulated cytoskeletal reorganization. In acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the loss of endothelial barrier integrity secondary to endothelial dysfunction caused by severe pulmonary inflammation and/or infection leads to pulmonary edema and hypoxemia. Pro-inflammatory agonists such as histamine, thrombin, bradykinin, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor α, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-2, and platelet-activating factor, as well as bacterial toxins and reactive oxygen species, cause dynamic changes in cytoskeletal structure, adherens junction disorganization, and detachment of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) from the actin cytoskeleton, leading to an increase in endothelial permeability. Endothelial interactions with leukocytes, platelets, and coagulation enhance the inflammatory response. Moreover, inflammatory infiltration and the associated generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines during infection cause EC death, resulting in further compromise of the structural integrity of lung endothelial barrier. Despite the use of potent antibiotics and aggressive intensive care support, the mortality of ALI is still high, because the mechanisms of pulmonary EC barrier disruption are not fully understood. In this review, we summarized recent advances in the studies of endothelial cytoskeletal reorganization, inter-endothelial junctions, endothelial inflammation, EC death, and endothelial repair in ALI and ARDS, intending to shed some light on the potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in the clinical management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Su
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - David J.R. Fulton
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Alexander D. Verin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Bayram B, Liman N, Alan E, Sağsöz H. Angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors during the post-hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38623888 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members are responsible for endothelial cells' growth, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation and proliferation of non-endothelial cell types. VEGF and its receptors are found in mammalian lymphoid organs. The present study was conceived to determine (a) the presence and localization of angiogenic VEGF and its receptors (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 [Flt1/fms], fetal liver kinase 1 [Flk1]/kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 [Flt4]) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) in the quail spleen; and (b) whether their expressions in the spleen components change during the post-hatching growth of the organ, using immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical stainings showed that VEGI, VEGF, and VEGF receptors were expressed in many components, including the vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ellipsoid-associated cells (EACs), and immune cells, of quail spleen and that VEGF and its receptors' immunostaining intensity scores (ISs) varied depending on the post-hatching growth period, while VEGI-IS did not change. In addition, ISs of VEGI, VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 in EACs were weak to moderate, while flk1/KDR-IS in EACs adjacent to the capsule of Schweigger-Seidel sheaths (ellipsoids) was higher than other proteins, supports a more important and specific role of Flk1/KDR in the EAC function. These specific expressions of VEGI, VEGF, flt1/fms, flk1/KDR, and flt4 proteins in splenic cell types suggest their particular roles, in the functional development of splenic components and thus, are critical to post-hatching maturation of quail spleen. These findings indicate that the expression levels of VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4, except Flk1/KDR, are low in the quail spleen, and only a few components of the spleen express VEGF, Flt1/fms, and Flt4 under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Bayram
- Department of Laboratory and Veterinary Health, Idil Vocational High School, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey
| | - Narin Liman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Alan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sağsöz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Salama RAM, Raafat FA, Hasanin AH, Hendawy N, Saleh LA, Habib EK, Hamza M, Hassan ANE. A neuroprotective effect of pentoxifylline in rats with diabetic neuropathy: Mitigation of inflammatory and vascular alterations. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111533. [PMID: 38271813 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of diabetic neuropathic pain does not change the natural history of neuropathy. Improved glycemic control is the recommended treatment in these cases, given that no specific treatment for the underlying nerve damage is available, so far. In the present study, the potential neuroprotective effect of pentoxifylline in streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) induced diabetic neuropathy in rats was investigated. METHODS Pentoxifylline was administered at doses equivalent to 50, 100 & 200 mg/kg, in drinking water, starting one week after streptozotocin injection and for 7 weeks. Mechanical allodynia, body weight and blood glucose level were assessed weekly. Epidermal thickness of the footpad skin, and neuroinflammation and vascular alterations markers were assessed. RESULTS Tactile allodynia was less in rats that received pentoxifylline at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg (60 % mechanical threshold increased by 48 % and 60 %, respectively). The decrease in epidermal thickness of footpad skin was almost completely prevented by the same doses. This was associated with a decrease in spinal tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and nuclear factor kappa B levels and a decrease in microglial ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 immunoreactivity, compared to the control diabetic group. In sciatic nerve, there was decrease in TNF-α and vascular endothelial growth factor levels and intercellular adhesion molecule immunoreactivity. CONCLUSION Pentoxifylline showed a neuroprotective effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy, which was associated with a suppression of both the inflammatory and vascular pathogenic pathways that was not associated with a hypoglycemic effect. Thus, it may represent a potential neuroprotective drug for diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghda A M Salama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatema Ahmed Raafat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Helmy Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nevien Hendawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman K Habib
- Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Suez, Egypt; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May Hamza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Nour Eldin Hassan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
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Guerra-Espinosa C, Jiménez-Fernández M, Sánchez-Madrid F, Serrador JM. ICAMs in Immunity, Intercellular Adhesion and Communication. Cells 2024; 13:339. [PMID: 38391953 PMCID: PMC10886500 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions among leukocytes and leukocytes with immune-associated auxiliary cells represent an essential feature of the immune response that requires the involvement of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). In the immune system, CAMs include a wide range of members pertaining to different structural and functional families involved in cell development, activation, differentiation and migration. Among them, β2 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1, p150,95 and αDβ2) are predominantly involved in homotypic and heterotypic leukocyte adhesion. β2 integrins bind to intercellular (I)CAMs, actin cytoskeleton-linked receptors belonging to immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF)-CAMs expressed by leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte activation and transendothelial migration. β2 integrins have long been viewed as the most important ICAMs partners, propagating intracellular signalling from β2 integrin-ICAM adhesion receptor interaction. In this review, we present previous evidence from pioneering studies and more recent findings supporting an important role for ICAMs in signal transduction. We also discuss the contribution of immune ICAMs (ICAM-1, -2, and -3) to reciprocal cell signalling and function in processes in which β2 integrins supposedly take the lead, paying particular attention to T cell activation, differentiation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Guerra-Espinosa
- Immune System Development and Function Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Jiménez-Fernández
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.-F.); (F.S.-M.)
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 29029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.-F.); (F.S.-M.)
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 29029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Serrador
- Immune System Development and Function Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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9
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Miao J, Li L, Shaheen N, Wei J, Jacko AM, Sundd P, Taleb SJ, Mallampalli RK, Zhao Y, Zhao J. The deubiquitinase USP40 preserves endothelial integrity by targeting the heat shock protein HSP90β. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:395-407. [PMID: 38307937 PMCID: PMC10907362 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) barrier disruption and inflammation are the pathological hallmarks of vascular disorders and acute infectious diseases and related conditions, including the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and sepsis. Ubiquitination plays a critical role in regulating the stability, intracellular trafficking, and enzymatic activity of proteins and is reversed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). The role of DUBs in endothelial biology is largely unknown. In this study, we report that USP40, a poorly characterized DUB, prevents EC barrier disruption through reductions in the activation of RhoA and phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and cofilin. Furthermore, USP40 reduces EC inflammation through the attenuation of NF-ĸB activation, ICAM1 expression, and leukocyte-EC adhesion. We further show that USP40 activity and expression are reduced in response to endotoxin challenge. Global depletion of USP40 and EC-targeted USP40 depletion in mice exacerbated experimental lung injury, whereas lentiviral gene transfer of USP40 protected against endotoxin-induced lung injury. Using an unbiased approach, we discovered that the protective effect of USP40 occurs through the targeting of heat shock protein 90β (HSP90β) for its deubiquitination and inactivation. Together, these data reveal a critical protective role of USP40 in vascular injury, identifying a unique mechanistic pathway that profoundly impacts endothelial function via DUBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Miao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nargis Shaheen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianxin Wei
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anastasia M Jacko
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Department of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sarah J Taleb
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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10
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Xu G, Dong F, Su L, Tan ZX, Lei M, Li L, Wen D, Zhang F. The role and therapeutic potential of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in ischemic stroke. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116140. [PMID: 38211425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a prevalent cerebrovascular condition with a global impact, causing significant rates of illness and death. Despite extensive research, the available treatment options for stroke remain restricted. Hence, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the onset and advancement of stroke in order to establish a theoretical foundation for novel preventive and therapeutic approaches. NF-κB, also known as nuclear factor κB, is a transcription factor responsible for controlling the expression of numerous genes and plays a crucial role in diverse physiological processes. NF-κB is triggered and regulates neuroinflammation and other processes after stroke, promoting the generation of cytokine storms and contributing to the advancement of ischemic stroke (IS). Therefore, NF-κB could potentially play a vital role in stroke by regulating diverse pathophysiological processes. This review provides an overview of the functions of NF-κB in stroke and its governing mechanisms. In addition, our attention is directed towards various potential therapies that aim to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway in order to offer valuable insights for the advancement of innovative treatment approaches for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Zi-Xuan Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Lina Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Di Wen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China; Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
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11
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Yu W, Yang B, Xu S, Gao Y, Huang Y, Wang Z. Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:4247-4261. [PMID: 38164419 PMCID: PMC10758178 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s438111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic complications can be divided into macrovascular complications such as cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease and microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. Among them, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of death in diabetic patients. Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the main reasons for the increasing disability rate of diabetes. In recent years, some studies have found that because DR and CVD have a common pathophysiological basis, the occurrence of DR and CVD are inseparable, and to a certain extent, DR can predict the occurrence of CVD. With the development of technology, the fundus parameters of DR can be quantitatively analyzed as an independent risk factor of CVD. In addition, the cytokines related to DR can also be used for early screening of DR. Although many advances have been made in the treatment of CVD, its situation of prevention and treatment is still not optimistic. This review hopes to discuss the feasibility of DR in predicting CVD from the common pathophysiological mechanism of DR and CVD, the new progress of diagnostic techniques for DR, and the biomarkers for early screening of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Pinheiro‐de‐Sousa I, Fonseca‐Alaniz MH, Giudice G, Valadão IC, Modestia SM, Mattioli SV, Junior RR, Zalmas L, Fang Y, Petsalaki E, Krieger JE. Integrated systems biology approach identifies gene targets for endothelial dysfunction. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e11462. [PMID: 38031960 PMCID: PMC10698507 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is critical in the development and progression of cardiovascular (CV) disorders, yet effective therapeutic targets for ED remain elusive due to limited understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms. To address this gap, we employed a systems biology approach to identify potential targets for ED. Our study combined multi omics data integration, with siRNA screening, high content imaging and network analysis to prioritise key ED genes and identify a pro- and anti-ED network. We found 26 genes that, upon silencing, exacerbated the ED phenotypes tested, and network propagation identified a pro-ED network enriched in functions associated with inflammatory responses. Conversely, 31 genes ameliorated ED phenotypes, pointing to potential ED targets, and the respective anti-ED network was enriched in hypoxia, angiogenesis and cancer-related processes. An independent screen with 17 drugs found general agreement with the trends from our siRNA screen and further highlighted DUSP1, IL6 and CCL2 as potential candidates for targeting ED. Overall, our results demonstrate the potential of integrated system biology approaches in discovering disease-specific candidate drug targets for endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iguaracy Pinheiro‐de‐Sousa
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteHinxtonUK
| | - Miriam Helena Fonseca‐Alaniz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Girolamo Giudice
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteHinxtonUK
| | - Iuri Cordeiro Valadão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Silvestre Massimo Modestia
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Sarah Viana Mattioli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
- Department of Biophysics and PharmacologyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual PaulistaBotucatuBrazil
| | - Ricardo Rosa Junior
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
| | - Lykourgos‐Panagiotis Zalmas
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome CampusCambridgeUK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome CampusCambridgeUK
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Evangelia Petsalaki
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics InstituteHinxtonUK
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular CardiologyHeart Institute (InCor)/University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloBrazil
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13
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Han S, Moon S, Chung YW, Ryu JH. NADPH Oxidase 4-mediated Alveolar Macrophage Recruitment to Lung Attenuates Neutrophilic Inflammation in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e42. [PMID: 37970233 PMCID: PMC10643333 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
When the lungs are infected with bacteria, alveolar macrophages (AMs) are recruited to the site and play a crucial role in protecting the host by reducing excessive lung inflammation. However, the regulatory mechanisms that trigger the recruitment of AMs to lung alveoli during an infection are still not fully understood. In this study, we identified a critical role for NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the recruitment of AMs during Staphylococcus aureus lung infection. We found that NOX4 knockout (KO) mice showed decreased recruitment of AMs and increased lung neutrophils and injury in response to S. aureus infection compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Interestingly, the burden of S. aureus in the lungs was not different between NOX4 KO and WT mice. Furthermore, we observed that depletion of AMs in WT mice during S. aureus infection increased the number of neutrophils and lung injury to a similar level as that observed in NOX4 KO mice. Additionally, we found that expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) in NOX4 KO mice-derived lung endothelial cells was lower than that in WT mice-derived endothelial cells. Therefore, we conclude that NOX4 plays a crucial role in inducing the recruitment of AMs by controlling ICAM1 expression in lung endothelial cells, which is responsible for resolving lung inflammation during acute S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sungmin Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Youn Wook Chung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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14
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Płazak W, Drabik L. SARS-CoV-2 infection and SLE: endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:2691-2702. [PMID: 36622519 PMCID: PMC9827021 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
An increased risk of atherosclerotic and thrombotic complications characterizes connective tissue diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is the basis for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. We present systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as a model rheumatic disease with endothelial dysfunction and discuss its mechanisms, factors that influence the early onset and rapid progression of atherosclerosis, and the increased risk of thromboembolic events. We focus on established methods to improve endothelium function, including statins, antiplatelet, and antithrombotic therapy. Hypercoagulable and hypofibrinolitic states and a hyperinflammatory response characterize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Several pathogenic mechanisms are typical for an acute phase of Covid-19 post-Covid syndrome and connective tissue diseases: endothelial dysfunction, elevated antiphospholipid antibody titer, activation of the complement system, and formation of extracellular neutrophil traps (NET). The current review discusses the mechanisms underlying SLE and the COVID-19 in the context of endothelial function, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis (Graphical abstract). Key Points • The pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Covid-19 shows some similarities, such as endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, the activation of complementary systems, the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, and the formation of extracellular neutrophil traps. • Autoimmunity in both diseases creates the basis for hyperinflammatory, hypercoagulable, and hypofibrinolitic states and their thromboembolic complications. • This paper presents our perspective on the mechanisms behind the cardiovascular manifestations of SLE and COVID-19, with a particular emphasis on endothelial dysfunction. Covid-19 and systemic lupus erythematosus-potential similarities in pathophysiology. Figures of the panel illustrate the clinical manifestations of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and thromboembolism, including coronary artery disease ([A] coronary angiography with left anterior descending artery stenosis and [B] scintigraphy with reduced perfusion in the myocardial apical segments), stroke ([C] carotid angiography, left carotid artery occlusion) and pulmonary embolism ([D]computed tomography with thrombus in the right pulmonary artery).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Płazak
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Leszek Drabik
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, John Paul II Hospital, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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15
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Chyła-Danił G, Sałaga-Zaleska K, Kreft E, Stumski O, Krzesińska A, Sakowicz-Burkiewicz M, Kuchta A, Jankowski M. Long-Term Effects of Suramin on Renal Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14671. [PMID: 37834118 PMCID: PMC10572378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In short-term diabetes (3 weeks), suramin, a drug used clinically, affects renal function and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, the main cause of end-stage renal disease. In the present study, we evaluated the long-term (11 weeks) effects of suramin (10 mg/kg, i.p., once-weekly) in diabetic rats. Concentrations of VEGF-A, albumin, soluble adhesive molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1), nucleosomes, and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) were measured by ELISA, total protein was measured using a biuret reagent. Glomerular expression of VEGF-A was evaluated by Western blot, mRNA for VEGF-A receptors in the renal cortex by RT-PCR. The vasoreactivity of the interlobar arteries to acetylcholine was assessed by wire myography. Long-term diabetes led to an increased concentration of VEGF-A, TAT, and urinary excretion of total protein and albumin, and a decrease in the concentration of sVCAM-1. We have shown that suramin in diabetes reduces total urinary protein excretion and restores the relaxing properties of acetylcholine relaxation properties to non-diabetic levels. Suramin had no effect on glomerular expression VEGF-A expression and specific receptors, and on sICAM-1 and nucleosomes concentrations in diabetic rats. In conclusion, the long-term effect of suramin on the kidneys in diabetes, expressed in the reduction of proteinuria and the restoration of endothelium-dependent relaxation of the renal arteries, can be considered as potentially contributing to the reduction/slowing down of the development of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chyła-Danił
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | - Kornelia Sałaga-Zaleska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | - Ewelina Kreft
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | - Olaf Stumski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | - Aleksandra Krzesińska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | | | - Agnieszka Kuchta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
| | - Maciej Jankowski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland; (G.C.-D.)
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16
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Granai M, Warm V, Vogelsberg A, Milla J, Greif K, Vogel U, Bakchoul T, Rosenberger P, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schürch CM, Klingel K, Fend F, Bösmüller H. Impact of P-selectin-PSGL-1 Axis on Platelet-Endothelium-Leukocyte Interactions in Fatal COVID-19. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100179. [PMID: 37224922 PMCID: PMC10202465 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, early leukocyte recruitment to the respiratory system was found to be orchestrated by leukocyte trafficking molecules accompanied by massive secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and hypercoagulability. Our study aimed to explore the interplay between leukocyte activation and pulmonary endothelium in different disease stages of fatal COVID-19. Our study comprised 10 COVID-19 postmortem lung specimens and 20 control lung samples (5 acute respiratory distress syndrome, 2 viral pneumonia, 3 bacterial pneumonia, and 10 normal), which were stained for antigens representing the different steps of leukocyte migration: E-selectin, P-selectin, PSGL-1, ICAM1, VCAM1, and CD11b. Image analysis software QuPath was used for quantification of positive leukocytes (PSGL-1 and CD11b) and endothelium (E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM1, VCAM1). Expression of IL-6 and IL-1β was quantified by RT-qPCR. Expression of P-selectin and PSGL-1 was strongly increased in the COVID-19 cohort compared with all control groups (COVID-19:Controls, 17:23, P < .0001; COVID-19:Controls, 2:75, P < .0001, respectively). Importantly, P-selectin was found in endothelial cells and associated with aggregates of activated platelets adherent to the endothelial surface in COVID-19 cases. In addition, PSGL-1 staining disclosed positive perivascular leukocyte cuffs, reflecting capillaritis. Moreover, CD11b showed a strongly increased positivity in COVID-19 compared with all controls (COVID-19:Controls, 2:89; P = .0002), indicating a proinflammatory immune microenvironment. Of note, CD11b exhibited distinct staining patterns at different stages of COVID-19 disease. Only in cases with very short disease course, high levels of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA were observed in lung tissue. The striking upregulation of PSGL-1 and P-selectin reflects the activation of this receptor-ligand pair in COVID-19, increasing the efficiency of initial leukocyte recruitment, thus promoting tissue damage and immunothrombosis. Our results show that endothelial activation and unbalanced leukocyte migration play a central role in COVID-19 involving the P-selectin-PSGL-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Granai
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Verena Warm
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Antonio Vogelsberg
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Milla
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karen Greif
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Vogel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamam Bakchoul
- Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine Tübingen ZKT gGmbH, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Christian M Schürch
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Hans Bösmüller
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Goodarzi V, Nouri S, Nassaj ZS, Bighash M, Abbasian S, Hagh RA. Long non coding RNAs reveal important pathways in childhood asthma: a future perspective. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:257-269. [PMID: 37537509 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs refers changes that occur in conjunction with, or as a result of, chronic airway inflammation. Airway remodeling the subsequent of inflammation constitutes cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the wall airways, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. Diseases often begin in childhood and despite extensive research, causative pathogenic mechanisms still remain unclear. Transcriptome analysis of childhood asthma reveals distinct gene expression profiles of Long noncoding RNAs which have been reported to play a central regulatory role in various aspects of pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of asthma. We briefly review current understanding of lnc-RNA dysregulation in children with asthma, focusing on their complex role in the inflammation, cell proliferation and remodeling of airway to guide future researches. We found that the lnc-RNAs increases activity of several oncogenes such c-Myc, Akt, and ERK and various signaling pathways such as MAPK (PI3K, Ras, JNK and p38), NF-κB and Wnt and crosstalk between these pathways by TGFβ, β-catenin, ERK and SKP2. Moreover, two different signal transduction pathways, Wnt and Notch1, can be activated by two lnc-RNAs through sponging the same miRNA for exacerbation cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Goodarzi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rasoul-Akram Medical Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Nouri
- Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zohre Saleh Nassaj
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Bighash
- Bachelor of Nursing, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvn, Iran
| | - Sadegh Abbasian
- Department of Laboratory Science, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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18
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Chang KF, Liu CY, Huang YC, Hsiao CY, Tsai NM. Downregulation of VEGFR2 signaling by cedrol abrogates VEGF‑driven angiogenesis and proliferation of glioblastoma cells through AKT/P70S6K and MAPK/ERK1/2 pathways. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:342. [PMID: 37427338 PMCID: PMC10326829 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cedrol is a sesquiterpene alcohol isolated from Cedrus atlantica, which has been traditionally used in aromatherapy and has anticancer, antibacterial and antihyperalgesic effects. One characteristic of glioblastoma (GB) is the overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces a high degree of angiogenesis. Although previous studies have reported that cedrol inhibits GB growth by inducing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, its role in angiogenesis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cedrol on VEGF-induced angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were treated with 0-112 µM cedrol and 20 ng/ml VEGF for 0-24 h, and then anti-angiogenic activation of cedrol was determined by MTT assay, wound healing assay, Boyden chamber assay, tube formation assay, semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and western blotting. These results demonstrated that cedrol treatment inhibited VEGF-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HUVECs. Furthermore, cedrol prevented VEGF and DBTRG-05MG GB cells from inducing capillary-like tube formation in HUVECs and decreased the number of branch points formed. Moreover, cedrol downregulated the phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and the expression levels of its downstream mediators AKT, ERK, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and MMP-9 in HUVECs and DBTRG-05MG cells. Taken together, these results demonstrated that cedrol exerts anti-angiogenic effects by blocking VEGFR2 signaling, and thus could be developed into health products or therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of cancer and angiogenesis-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Che-Yu Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Chih Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Life-and-Death Studies, Nanhua University, Chiayi 62249, Taiwan, R.O.C
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19
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Ogrodzinski L, Platt S, Goulding J, Alexander C, Farr TD, Woolard J, Hill SJ, Kilpatrick LE. Probing expression of E-selectin using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated tagging with HiBiT in human endothelial cells. iScience 2023; 26:107232. [PMID: 37496673 PMCID: PMC10366498 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
E-selectin is expressed on endothelial cells in response to inflammatory cytokines and mediates leukocyte rolling and extravasation. However, studies have been hampered by lack of experimental approaches to monitor expression in real time in living cells. Here, NanoLuc Binary Technology (NanoBiT) in conjunction with CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing was used to tag endogenous E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with the 11 amino acid nanoluciferase fragment HiBiT. Addition of the membrane-impermeable complementary fragment LgBiT allowed detection of cell surface expression. This allowed the effect of inflammatory mediators on E-selectin expression to be monitored in real time in living endothelial cells. NanoBiT combined with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing allows sensitive monitoring of real-time changes in cell surface expression of E-selectin and offers a powerful tool for future drug discovery efforts aimed at this important inflammatory protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Ogrodzinski
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
| | - Simon Platt
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joelle Goulding
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation, School of Pharmacy, Boots Building, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK
| | - Tracy D. Farr
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
| | - Jeanette Woolard
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen J. Hill
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH Nottingham, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
| | - Laura E. Kilpatrick
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Bimolecular Science and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK
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20
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Moragas LJ, Alves FDAV, Oliveira LDLS, Salomão NG, Azevedo CG, da Silva JFR, Basílio-de-Oliveira CA, Basílio-de-Oliveira R, Mohana-Borges R, de Carvalho JJ, Rosman FC, Paes MV, Rabelo K. Liver immunopathogenesis in fatal cases of dengue in children: detection of viral antigen, cytokine profile and inflammatory mediators. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215730. [PMID: 37457689 PMCID: PMC10348746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dengue virus (DENV), the etiologic agent of dengue fever illness, represents a global public health concern, mainly in tropical and subtropical areas across the globe. It is well known that this acute viral disease can progress to severe hemorrhagic stages in some individuals, however, the immunopathogenic basis of the development of more severe forms by these patients is yet to be fully understood. Objective In this context, we investigated and characterized the histopathological features as well as the cytokine profile and cell subpopulations present in liver tissues from three fatal cases of DENV in children. Methods Hematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic Acid Schiff and Picro Sirius Red staining were utilized for the histopathological analysis. Immunohistochemistry assay was performed to characterize the inflammatory response and cell expression patterns. Results Vascular dysfunctions such as hemorrhage, vascular congestion and edema associated with a mononuclear infiltrate were observedin all three cases. Liver tissues exhibited increased presence of CD68+ and TCD8+ cells as well as high expression of MMP-9, TNF-a, RANTES, VEGFR-2 mediators. Viral replication was confirmed by the detection of NS3 protein. Conclusion Taken together, these results evidenced key factors that may be involved in the development of severe alterations in liver tissues of children in response to DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Junqueira Moragas
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Andrade Vieira Alves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Gedeão Salomão
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio Gonçalves Azevedo
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ronaldo Mohana-Borges
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Colonna Rosman
- Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marciano Viana Paes
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura e Biologia Tecidual, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Modvig S, Jeyakumar J, Marquart HV, Christensen C. Integrins and the Metastasis-like Dissemination of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to the Central Nervous System. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092504. [PMID: 37173970 PMCID: PMC10177281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) disseminates with high prevalence to the central nervous system (CNS) in a process resembling aspects of the CNS surveillance of normal immune cells as well as aspects of brain metastasis from solid cancers. Importantly, inside the CNS, the ALL blasts are typically confined within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled cavities of the subarachnoid space, which they use as a sanctuary protected from both chemotherapy and immune cells. At present, high cumulative doses of intrathecal chemotherapy are administered to patients, but this is associated with neurotoxicity and CNS relapse still occurs. Thus, it is imperative to identify markers and novel therapy targets specific to CNS ALL. Integrins represent a family of adhesion molecules involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, implicated in the adhesion and migration of metastatic cancer cells, normal immune cells, and leukemic blasts. The ability of integrins to also facilitate cell-adhesion mediated drug resistance, combined with recent discoveries of integrin-dependent routes of leukemic cells into the CNS, have sparked a renewed interest in integrins as markers and therapeutic targets in CNS leukemia. Here, we review the roles of integrins in CNS surveillance by normal lymphocytes, dissemination to the CNS by ALL cells, and brain metastasis from solid cancers. Furthermore, we discuss whether ALL dissemination to the CNS abides by known hallmarks of metastasis, and the potential roles of integrins in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Modvig
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jenani Jeyakumar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Christensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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22
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Chyła-Danił G, Sałaga-Zaleska K, Kreft E, Krzesińska A, Herman S, Kuchta A, Sakowicz-Burkiewicz M, Lenartowicz M, Jankowski M. Suramin Affects the Renal VEGF-A/VEGFR Axis in Short-Term Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030470. [PMID: 36986570 PMCID: PMC10053825 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) accounts for approximately 50% of end-stage renal diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is thought to be a critical mediator of vascular dysfunction in DN, but its role is unclear. The lack of pharmacological tools to modify renal concentrations further hinders the understanding of its role in DN. In this study, rats were evaluated after 3 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and two suramin treatments (10 mg/kg, ip). Vascular endothelial growth factor A expression was evaluated by western blot of glomeruli and immunofluorescence of the renal cortex. RT-PCR for receptors Vegfr1 mRNA and Vegfr2 mRNA quantitation was performed. The soluble adhesive molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) in blood were measured by ELISA and the vasoreactivity of interlobar arteries to acetylcholine was evaluated using wire myography. Suramin administration reduced the expression and intraglomerular localisation of VEGF-A. Increased VEGFR-2 expression in diabetes was reduced by suramin to non-diabetic levels. Diabetes reduced the sVCAM-1 concentrations. Suramin in diabetes restored acetylcholine relaxation properties to non-diabetic levels. In conclusion, suramin affects the renal VEGF-A/VEGF receptors axis and has a beneficial impact on endothelium-dependent relaxation of renal arteries. Thus, suramin may be used as a pharmacological agent to investigate the potential role of VEGF-A in the pathogenesis of renal vascular complications in short-term diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chyła-Danił
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kornelia Sałaga-Zaleska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kreft
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Krzesińska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Herman
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolutionism, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kuchta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Lenartowicz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Evolutionism, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Jankowski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
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23
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Xing Z, Chen J, Yu T, Li X, Dong W, Peng C, Li D. Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. Attenuates Heart Failure through Inhibiting Inflammation and Abnormal Vascular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065838. [PMID: 36982912 PMCID: PMC10059042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the most common complication following myocardial infarction, closely associated with ventricular remodeling. Aconitum carmichaelii Debx., a traditional Chinese herb, possesses therapeutic effects on HF and related cardiac diseases. However, its effects and mechanisms on HF-associated cardiac diseases are still unclear. In the present study, a water extraction of toasted Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (WETA) was verified using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The heart function of HF rats was assessed by echocardiography and strain analysis, and myocardial injury was measured by serum levels of CK-MB, cTnT, and cTnI. The pathological changes of cardiac tissues were evaluated by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. Additionally, the levels of inflammation-related genes and proteins and components related to vascular remodeling were detected by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. WETA significantly inhibited the changes in echocardiographic parameters and the increase in heart weight, cardiac infarction size, the myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, collagen deposition in heart tissues, and also mitigated the elevated serum levels of CK-MB, cTnT, and cTnI in ISO-induced rats. Additionally, WETA suppressed the expressions of inflammatory genes, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and vascular injury-related genes, such as VCAM1, ICAM1, ANP, BNP, and MHC in heart tissues of ISO-induced HF rats, which were further confirmed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. In summary, the myocardial protective effect of WETA was conferred through inhibiting inflammatory responses and abnormal vascular remodeling in ISO-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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24
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Martinez GS, Ostadgavahi AT, Al-Rafat AM, Garduno A, Cusack R, Bermejo-Martin JF, Martin-Loeches I, Kelvin D. Model-interpreted outcomes of artificial neural networks classifying immune biomarkers associated with severe infections in ICU. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137850. [PMID: 36969221 PMCID: PMC10034398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionMillions of deaths worldwide are a result of sepsis (viral and bacterial) and septic shock syndromes which originate from microbial infections and cause a dysregulated host immune response. These diseases share both clinical and immunological patterns that involve a plethora of biomarkers that can be quantified and used to explain the severity level of the disease. Therefore, we hypothesize that the severity of sepsis and septic shock in patients is a function of the concentration of biomarkers of patients.MethodsIn our work, we quantified data from 30 biomarkers with direct immune function. We used distinct Feature Selection algorithms to isolate biomarkers to be fed into machine learning algorithms, whose mapping of the decision process would allow us to propose an early diagnostic tool.ResultsWe isolated two biomarkers, i.e., Programmed Death Ligand-1 and Myeloperoxidase, that were flagged by the interpretation of an Artificial Neural Network. The upregulation of both biomarkers was indicated as contributing to increase the severity level in sepsis (viral and bacterial induced) and septic shock patients.DiscussionIn conclusion, we built a function considering biomarker concentrations to explain severity among sepsis, sepsis COVID, and septic shock patients. The rules of this function include biomarkers with known medical, biological, and immunological activity, favoring the development of an early diagnosis system based in knowledge extracted from artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: David Kelvin, ; Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez,
| | - Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Abdullah Mahmud Al-Rafat
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alexis Garduno
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachael Cusack
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jesus Francisco Bermejo-Martin
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León, Paseo de San Vicente, Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), CB22/06/00035, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avenida de Monforte de Lemos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Kelvin
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: David Kelvin, ; Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez,
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25
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Ghalehbandi S, Yuzugulen J, Pranjol MZI, Pourgholami MH. The role of VEGF in cancer-induced angiogenesis and research progress of drugs targeting VEGF. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175586. [PMID: 36906141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a double-edged sword; it is a mechanism that defines the boundary between health and disease. In spite of its central role in physiological homeostasis, it provides the oxygen and nutrition needed by tumor cells to proceed from dormancy if pro-angiogenic factors tip the balance in favor of tumor angiogenesis. Among pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prominent target in therapeutic methods due to its strategic involvement in the formation of anomalous tumor vasculature. In addition, VEGF exhibits immune-regulatory properties which suppress immune cell antitumor activity. VEGF signaling through its receptors is an integral part of tumoral angiogenic approaches. A wide variety of medicines have been designed to target the ligands and receptors of this pro-angiogenic superfamily. Herein, we summarize the direct and indirect molecular mechanisms of VEGF to demonstrate its versatile role in the context of cancer angiogenesis and current transformative VEGF-targeted strategies interfering with tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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26
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Ma Y, Deng Y, Li N, Dong A, Li H, Chen S, Zhang S, Zhang M. Network pharmacology analysis combined with experimental validation to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Schisandra Chinensis Mixture on diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115768. [PMID: 36280016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of Diabetes mellitus (DM). The inflammatory response plays a critical role in DN. Schisandra Chinensis Mixture (SM) has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of DN while the pharmacological mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, a network pharmacology approach and bioinformatic analysis were adopted to predict the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. Based on the predicted results, molecular docking and in vivo experiments were used for verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the candidate bioactive ingredients of SM were obtained via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) and supplementing according to the literature. SM putative targets and the verified targets were acquired from TCMSP and SiwssTartgetPrediction Database. DN-related target genes were collected from GeneCards, OMIM, DisGeNET databases, and microarray data analysis. Biological function and pathway analysis were performed to further explore the pharmacological mechanisms of SM in DN therapy. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established to screen the hub gene. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and the molecular docking simulations were performed to validate the potential target-drug interactions. The fingerprint spectrum of multi-components of the SM was characterized by UPLC-MS/MS. The signaling pathways associated with inflammation and hub genes were partially validated in SD rats. RESULTS A total of 36 bioactive ingredients were contained, and 666 component-related targets were screened from SM, of which 50 intersected with DN targets and were considered potential therapeutic targets. GO analyses revealed that the 50 intersection targets were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response, positive regulation of angiogenesis, and positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) signaling. KEGG analyses indicated that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was considered as the most important pathway for SM antagonism to the occurrence and development of DN, with the highest target count enrichment. PPI network results showed that the top 15 protein targets in degree value, VEGFA, JAK2, CSF1R, NOS3, CCR2, CCR5, TLR7, FYN, BTK, LCK, PLAT, NOS2, TEK, MMP1 and MCL1, were identified as hub genes. The results of ROC analysis showed that VEGFA and NOS3 were valuable in the diagnosis of DN. The molecular docking confirmed that the core bioactive ingredients had well-binding affinity for VEGFA and NOS3. The in vivo experiments confirmed that SM significantly inhibited the over-release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-α in DN rats, while regulating the PI3K-AKT and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION This study revealed the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of SM therapeutic DN. SM inhibited the inflammatory response and improved renal pathological damage in DN rats, which was related to the regulation of the PI3K-Akt and VEGFA-NOS3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Na Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ao Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hongdian Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shu Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China; Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300120, China.
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27
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Peyronnel C, Totoson P, Martin H, Demougeot C. Relevance of circulating markers of endothelial activation for cardiovascular risk assessment in rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review. Life Sci 2023; 314:121264. [PMID: 36470540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with excessive cardiovascular mortality secondary to premature atherosclerosis, in which endothelial activation (EA) plays a central role. EA is characterized by loss of vascular integrity, expression of leucocyte adhesion molecules, transition from antithrombotic to prothrombotic phenotype, cytokines production, shedding of membrane microparticles and recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells. As EA is an early event in atherogenesis, circulating markers of EA are putative markers of vascular pathology and cardiovascular (CV) risk. After a presentation of biology of EA, the present review analyzed the available data regarding changes in EA markers in RA in link with the vascular pathology and CV events, discussed their relevance as biomarkers of CV risk and proposed future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célian Peyronnel
- PEPITE EA 4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Perle Totoson
- PEPITE EA 4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Hélène Martin
- PEPITE EA 4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- PEPITE EA 4267, Université de Franche-Comté, F-25000 Besançon, France.
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28
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Kirsch D, Shah A, Dixon E, Kelley H, Cherry JD, Xia W, Daley S, Aytan N, Cormier K, Kubilus C, Mathias R, Alvarez VE, Huber BR, McKee AC, Stein TD. Vascular injury is associated with repetitive head impacts and tau pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:127-139. [PMID: 36617181 PMCID: PMC9852946 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to repetitive head impacts (RHI) and characterized by perivascular hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) deposits. The role of vascular injury, blood-brain barrier leakage, and neuroinflammation in CTE pathogenesis is not well understood. We performed quantitative immunoassays for intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) within the postmortem dorsolateral frontal cortex of participants with and without a history of RHI and CTE (n = 156), and tested for associations with RHI, microgliosis, and tau pathology measures. Levels of vascular injury-associated markers ICAM1, VCAM1, and CRP were increased in CTE compared to RHI-exposed and -naïve controls. ICAM1 and CRP increased with RHI exposure duration (p < 0.01) and were associated with increased microglial density (p < 0.001) and tau pathology (AT8, p-tau396, p-tau202; p < 0.05). Histologically, there was significantly increased ICAM1 staining of the microvasculature, extracellular space, and astrocytes at the sulcal depths in high stage CTE compared to both low stage CTE and controls. Multifocal perivascular immunoreactivity for serum albumin was present in all RHI-exposed individuals. These findings demonstrate that vascular injury markers are associated with RHI exposure, duration, and microgliosis, are elevated in CTE, and increase with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kirsch
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arsal Shah
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin Dixon
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hunter Kelley
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weiming Xia
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Daley
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nurgul Aytan
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kerry Cormier
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carol Kubilus
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Mathias
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Victor E Alvarez
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bertrand R Huber
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease and CTE Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
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Cho SK, Lee K, Woo JH, Choi JH. Macrophages Promote Ovarian Cancer-Mesothelial Cell Adhesion by Upregulation of ITGA2 and VEGFC in Mesothelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:384. [PMID: 36766725 PMCID: PMC9913165 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a metastatic disease that frequently exhibits extensive peritoneal dissemination. Recent studies have revealed that noncancerous cells inside the tumor microenvironment, such as macrophages and mesothelial cells, may play a role in ovarian cancer metastasis. In this study, we found that human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and SKOV3) adhered more to human mesothelial Met5A cells stimulated by macrophages (M-Met5A) in comparison to unstimulated control Met5A cells. The mRNA sequencing revealed that 94 adhesion-related genes, including FMN1, ITGA2, COL13A1, VEGFC, and NRG1, were markedly upregulated in M-Met5A cells. Knockdown of ITGA2 and VEGFC in M-Met5A cells significantly inhibited the adhesion of ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition of the JNK and Akt signaling pathways suppressed ITGA2 and VEGFC expression in M-Met5A cells as well as ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion. Furthermore, increased production of CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and CCL5 by macrophages elevated ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion. These findings imply that macrophages may play a significant role in ovarian cancer-mesothelial cell adhesion by inducing the mesothelial expression of adhesion-related genes via the JNK and Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kye Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijun Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Woo
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Division of Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Sharma GP, Himburg HA. Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120747. [PMID: 36548580 PMCID: PMC9781710 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose radiation exposure, damage to the vascular endothelium may exacerbate the pathogenesis of acute and delayed multi-organ radiation toxicities. While commonalities exist between radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in radiosensitive organs, the vascular endothelium is known to be highly heterogeneous as it is required to serve tissue and organ specific roles. In keeping with its organ and tissue specific functionality, the molecular and cellular response of the endothelium to radiation injury varies by organ. Therefore, in the development of medical countermeasures for multi-organ injury, it is necessary to consider organ and tissue-specific endothelial responses to both injury and candidate mitigators. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction following total or near total body irradiation exposure at the level of individual radiosensitive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Prasad Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Heather A. Himburg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(414)-955-4676
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Sung B, Baek YY, Kim YM, You JC. Topical Administration of a Novel Acetylated Tetrapeptide Suppresses Vascular Permeability and Immune Responses and Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis in a Murine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113498. [PMID: 36362286 PMCID: PMC9658216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) remains to be fully deciphered, skin barrier abnormality and immune dysregulation are known to be involved. Recently, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) system has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of this multifactorial chronic inflammatory skin disorder. Previously, we showed that a novel tetrapeptide, N-acetyl-Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu (Ac-RLYE), inhibits angiogenesis and vascular permeability effectively by selectively antagonizing VEGFR-2. The current study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effect of Ac-RLYE on AD in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that Ac-RLYE inhibited VEGF-induced vascular permeability in endothelial cells. Moreover, in an in vivo animal model of AD, Ac-RLYE relieved AD-like symptoms such as ear thickness and dermatitis severity scores and infiltration of immune cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. Ac-RLYE inhibited IgE secretion, restored the skin barrier protein filaggrin level, and markedly downregulated gene expression of AD-related Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines. Collectively, these findings suggest that Ac-RLYE would be useful for the treatment of AD and associated inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Sung
- Avixgen Inc., 2477, Nambusunhwan-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06725, Korea
| | - Yi-Yong Baek
- Avixgen Inc., 2477, Nambusunhwan-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06725, Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji Chang You
- Avixgen Inc., 2477, Nambusunhwan-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06725, Korea
- National Research Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Can Micro RNA-24 Affect the Cardiovascular Morbidity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Targeting YKL-40? Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:511-523. [PMID: 36718306 PMCID: PMC9883035 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.3.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with inflammatory nature. One of the leading causes of death in SLE patients is cardiovascular (CVS) morbidity. MiRNA-24 is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). This dysregulated expression pattern is associated with dysfunction or even damage of VECs and leads to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. YKL- 40 is an inflammatory glycoprotein involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and thereby atherosclerosis. In this work, we aimed at illustrating the possible role of miR-24 and its target YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of the CVS morbidity associated with SLE. Methods This work was conducted on 40 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was done to estimate the expression level of miRNA-24 in serum. In addition, we measured the serum level of YKL-40 using ELISA. Results miR-24-fold change was found to be down-regulated, whereas serum YKL- 40 was up-regulated among SLE patients with observed significant and negative correlation between the two parameters. Conclusion Our study provided an insight about the role of miR-24 and its target serum YKL-40 protein in the development of SLE-related inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Pellitteri G, Surcinelli A, De Martino M, Fabris M, Janes F, Bax F, Marini A, Milanic R, Piani A, Isola M, Gigli GL, Valente M. Sleep alterations following COVID-19 are associated with both neuroinflammation and psychological disorders, although at different times. Front Neurol 2022; 13:929480. [PMID: 36062000 PMCID: PMC9428349 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.929480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionBy the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 rapidly spread all over the world impacting mental health and sleep habits. Insomnia, impaired sleep quality, and circadian rhythm alterations were all observed during the pandemic, especially among healthcare workers and in patients with acute and post-acute COVID-19. Sleep disruption may induce a pro-inflammatory state associated with an impairment of immune system function.ObjectiveWe investigated the relationship between sleep alterations, psychological disorders, and inflammatory blood biomarkers in patients with post-acute COVID-19.MethodsWe enrolled 47 subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital (Udine, Italy) between March and May 2020. Selected patients were evaluated at 2 months (T1) and 10 months (T2) after discharge. Each time, we collected clinical interviews, neurological examinations, and self-administered questionnaires to assess sleep and life quality, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Blood biomarkers of endothelial activation, neuroinflammation, and inflammatory cytokines were also measured at each follow-up. Collected variables were analyzed using comparisons between groups and linear regression models.ResultsPrevalence of insomnia increased from 10.6% up to 27.3% after COVID-19. Poor sleep quality was found in 41.5% of patients at both study visits. At T1 follow-up, poor sleepers showed higher levels of neurofilament light chain, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and interleukin 10; no significant associations were found between sleep quality and psychological disorders. At T2 follow-up, lower sleep quality was associated with higher levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and interleukin 8, but also with higher scores for anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionOur results suggest an association of poor sleep quality with both psychological disorders and neuroinflammation, although at different times, in previously hospitalized patients with moderate-to-critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pellitteri
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gaia Pellitteri
| | - Andrea Surcinelli
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria De Martino
- Division of Medical Statistics, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Martina Fabris
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Janes
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Bax
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Romina Milanic
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonella Piani
- Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Miriam Isola
- Division of Medical Statistics, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gigli
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Valente
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Li Z, Yu Y, Liu C, Chen G, Gong W, Luo J, Yue Z. Identification of the key ferroptosis-related genes involved in sepsis progression and experimental validation in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940261. [PMID: 36188533 PMCID: PMC9524243 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis has a vital role in sepsis, but the mechanism is not known. Understanding the mechanism of ferroptosis during sepsis will aid in developing improved therapeutic strategies. Methods: We used the Gene Expression Omnibus database and FerrDb database to obtain ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between sepsis patients and healthy volunteers (HVs). Analyses of PPI networks, functional enrichment, as well as use of the MCODE algorithm were used to identify key ferroptosis-related DEGs. Expression of key ferroptosis-related DEGs was verified using: GSE57065 and GSE65682 datasets; rats in which ferroptosis was induced with erastin; sepsis-induced acute lung injury (siALI) rats. The effects of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) on ferroptosis and expression of key ferroptosis-related DEGs in the lungs of siALI rats were also observed. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to verify the effect of key ferroptosis-related DEGs on the survival of sepsis patients. Cytoscape was used to construct ceRNA networks and gene–transcription factor networks. Results: Between sepsis patients and HVs, we identified 33 ferroptosis-related DEGs. According to analyses of PPI networks and the MCODE algorithm, we obtained four modules, of which the most significant module contained nine ferroptosis-related DEGs. Functional-enrichment analyses showed that four of the nine DEGs were enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway: MAPK14, VEGFA, TGFBR1, and DUSP1. We verified expression of these four genes in GSE57065 and GSE65682 datasets and ferroptosis rats. In addition, expression of these four genes and that of the oxidative-stress indicators GSSG and MDA was upregulated, and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) expression was downregulated, in siALI rats, but ACE reversed these changes. The Cox proportional hazard model showed that survival of sepsis patients in the high-risk group was shorter than that in the low-risk group. We found that the XIST−hsa-let-7b-5p−TGFBR1/DUSP1 ceRNA network and transcription factor E2F1 may be important regulators of these four DEGs. Conclusion: Our results suggest that MAPK14, VEGFA, TGFBR1, and DUSP1 may be key regulatory targets of ferroptosis in sepsis, and that ACE pretreatment may be antioxidant treatment for sepsis and alleviate ferroptosis. These findings provide a basis for further ferroptosis-related study in sepsis and provide new targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixi Li
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Organization, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongjing Yu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Organization, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangmin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weidong Gong
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Juan Luo
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziyong Yue
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Ziyong Yue,
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Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Differentially Alters Plasma and Brain Inflammatory Markers in Adult Male and Female Rats. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080972. [PMID: 35892413 PMCID: PMC9331770 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans and rodents have sexually dimorphic immune responses, which could influence the brain’s response to a systemic inflammatory insult. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a stimulator of the innate immune system and is routinely used in animal models to study blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction under inflammatory conditions. Therefore, we examined whether inflammatory response to LPS and the associated BBB disruption differed in male and female adult rats. Rats were treated with saline or two injections of 1 mg/kg LPS and studied 24 h after the second LPS injection. Plasma isolated from trunk blood and brain tissue homogenates of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsal striatum (DS), hippocampus, and cerebellum were analyzed for cytokines and chemokines using a 9-plex panel from Meso Scale Discovery. BBB disruption was analyzed with tight junction proteins claudin-5 and VE-cadherin via Western blotting and VEGF by ELISA. This allowed us to compare sex differences in the levels of individual cytokines as well as associations among cytokines and expression of tight junction proteins between the plasma and specific brain regions. Higher levels of interferon-γ, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, IL-4, CXCL-1, and VEGF in the plasma were revealed compared to the brain homogenates, and higher levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-5 in the PFC were seen compared with plasma and other brain regions in males. Females showed higher levels of plasma CXCL1 and VEGF compared to males, and males showed higher levels of PFC TNFα, IL-6, IL-4, and VEGF compared to females. LPS induced significant increases in plasma cytokines and VEGF in both sexes. LPS did not significantly alter cytokines in brain tissue homogenates, however, it increased chemokines in the PFC, DS, and hippocampus. In the PFC, LPS produced BBB disruption, which is evident as reduced expression of claudin-5 in males and reduced expression of VE-cadherin in both sexes. Taken together, our results reveal significant sex differences in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in plasma and brain that were associated with BBB disruption after LPS, and validate the use of multiplex assay for plasma and brain tissue samples.
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Tang W, Liu W, Guo J, Zhang L, Xu G, Wang K, Chang Q. Wide-field swept-source OCT angiography of the periarterial capillary-free zone before and after anti-VEGF therapy for branch retinal vein occlusion. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 9:25. [PMID: 35778771 PMCID: PMC9250258 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in the periarterial capillary-free zone (paCFZ) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) by wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and assess their associations with clinical outcomes. METHODS In this retrospective observational study of 54 treatment-naïve BRVO patients with macular edema, we reviewed the findings of 12 × 12 mm2 SS-OCTA at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months after intravitreal ranibizumab injections. The paCFZ and major retinal artery areas were measured on SS-OCTA images. The paCFZ area to artery area (P/A) ratio was calculated. RESULTS The paCFZ areas and P/A ratios of first- and second-order arteries were significantly greater in BRVO eyes than in contralateral eyes (all P < 0.01), but there were no differences in the first- and second-order artery areas (P = 0.20 and 0.25, respectively). The paCFZ areas and P/A ratios decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months after anti-VEGF therapy (all P < 0.01). The baseline P/A ratio was significantly correlated with the baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness, and their improvements at 3, 6, and 12 months (all P < 0.05). Baseline BCVA and P/A ratios of first- and second-order arteries were independently associated with the final BCVA in multivariate linear regression. CONCLUSIONS Wide-field SS-OCTA shows that anti-VEGF therapy can lead to a significant improvement in the paCFZ parameters in BRVO. Smaller baseline P/A ratios on SS-OCTA tend to predict better visual outcomes at 12 months after anti-VEGF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingli Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gezhi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Ahmed WUR, Kleeman S, Ng M, Wang W, Auton A, Lee R, Handa A, Zondervan KT, Wiberg A, Furniss D. Genome-wide association analysis and replication in 810,625 individuals with varicose veins. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3065. [PMID: 35654884 PMCID: PMC9163161 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicose veins affect one-third of Western society, with a significant subset of patients developing venous ulceration, costing $14.9 billion annually in the USA. Current management consists of either compression stockings, or surgical ablation for more advanced disease. Most varicose veins patients report a positive family history, and heritability is ~17%. We describe the largest two-stage genome-wide association study of varicose veins in 401,656 individuals from UK Biobank, and replication in 408,969 individuals from 23andMe (total 135,514 cases and 675,111 controls). Forty-nine signals at 46 susceptibility loci were discovered. We map 237 genes to these loci, several of which are biologically plausible and tractable to therapeutic targeting. Pathway analysis identified enrichment in extracellular matrix biology, inflammation, (lymph)angiogenesis, vascular smooth muscle cell migration, and apoptosis. Using a polygenic risk score (PRS) derived in an independent cohort, we demonstrate its predictive utility and correlation with varicose veins surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed-Ul-Rahman Ahmed
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Sam Kleeman
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Michael Ng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Wei Wang
- 23andMe, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Regent Lee
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Ashok Handa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Krina T Zondervan
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Akira Wiberg
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Dominic Furniss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK. .,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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Miao C, Zhu X, Wei X, Long M, Jiang L, Li C, Jin D, Du Y. Pro- and anti-fibrotic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in chronic kidney diseases. Ren Fail 2022; 44:881-892. [PMID: 35618410 PMCID: PMC9154791 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2079528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the inevitable common end-point of all progressive chronic kidney diseases. The underlying mechanisms of renal fibrosis are complex, and currently there is no effective therapy against renal fibrosis. Renal microvascular rarefaction contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis; however, an imbalance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors leads to the loss of renal microvasculature. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important pro-angiogenic factor. Recent studies have unraveled the involvement of VEGF in the regulation of renal microvascular rarefaction and fibrosis via various mechanisms; however, it is not clear whether it has anti-fibrotic or pro-fibrotic effect. This paper reviews the available evidence pertaining to the function of VEGF in the fibrotic process and explores the associated underlying mechanisms. Our synthesis will help identify the future research priorities for developing specialized treatments for alleviating or preventing renal fibrosis. Abbreviation: VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; CKD: chronic kidney disease; ESKD: end-stage kidney disease; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; AKI: acute kidney injury; EMT: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; HIF: hypoxia-inducible factor; α-SMA: α smooth muscle actin; UUO: unilateral ureteral obstruction; TGF-β: transforming growth factor-β; PMT: pericyte-myofibroblast transition; NO: nitric oxide; NOS: nitric oxide synthase; nNOS: neuronal nitric oxide synthase; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; eNOS: endothelial nitric oxide synthase; sGC: soluble guanylate cyclase; PKG: soluble guanylate cyclase dependent protein kinases; UP R: unfolded protein response
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxiu Miao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtuan Long
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Physical Examination Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Die Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Du
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Brekken RA. Direct and indirect regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by VEGF. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 111:1269-1286. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru0222-082r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Department of Surgery UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Current affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Rolf A. Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Department of Surgery UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
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Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase Cytokines in Human Hair Follicles through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040924. [PMID: 35453674 PMCID: PMC9024517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair loss is a chronic disorder that affects many people; however, a complete treatment has not yet been developed. Therefore, new therapeutic agents for preventing hair loss must be developed, and electromagnetic field (EMF) therapy has been proven to be a promising medical treatment in various fields, including hair loss treatment. This study evaluated the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) intensity and exposure time by analyzing the expression of cytokines and anagen-related molecules, which influence hair activation and growth, in hair bulb spheroid (HBS) and hair follicle (HF) organ cultures. ELF-EMFs did not induce toxicity in the HBSs, as verified via the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. Moreover, an ELF-EMF intensity of 5–20 G promoted the expression of ALP, versican, β-catenin, and several cytokines (VEGF, PDGF, FGF-10, and ET-1) in HBSs. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ELF-EMF at an intensity of 5–20 G upregulated ALP and β-catenin and decreased TUNEL staining in HBS. Moreover, HFs exposed to ELF-EMF for 60 min exhibited an increase in hair length and a 1.5-fold increase in IL-4, ICAM-1, ALP, and versican mRNA expression compared to the control. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that 60 min of ELF-EMF can increase the expression of ALP and β-catenin and decreases TUNEL staining in organ cultures. Collectively, our results demonstrated that ELF-EMF exposure at a 10 G intensity for 60 min promoted hair shaft growth in HFs due to the effect of cytokines and adhesion molecules via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, ELF-EMF is a promising treatment for hair loss.
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Quintanilha JCF, Hammond K, Liu Y, Marmorino F, Borelli B, Cremolini C, Nixon AB, Innocenti F. Plasma levels of VEGF-A and VCAM-1 as predictors of drug-induced hypertension in patients treated with VEGF-pathway inhibitors. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 88:4171-4179. [PMID: 35437784 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypertension is a common toxicity induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-pathway inhibitors. There are no validated markers of hypertension induced by these drugs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We previously discovered that cancer patients with lower plasma levels of angiopoietin-2, VCAM-1, and VEGF-A are at high risk of developing severe hypertension when treated with bevacizumab. This study aimed to validate the predictive value of these markers in pretreatment plasma samples of an additional cohort of 101 colorectal cancer patients treated with regorafenib. The levels of angiopoietin-2, VCAM-1, and VEGF-A were measured by ELISA. The association between proteins and grade ≥2 regorafenib-induced hypertension was performed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) from logistic regression. Using the optimal cut-point of each protein, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for hypertension were estimated. KEY RESULTS Lower levels of VCAM-1 (p=0.015, OR=3.11, 95% CI 1.27-8.08) and VEGF-A (p=0.007, OR=3.47, 95% CI 1.40-8.75) were associated with a higher risk of hypertension. Levels of angiopoietin-2 were not associated with hypertension. The multivariable model indicates an independent effect of VCAM-1 (p=0.018, OR=3.18, 95% CI 1.25-8.68) and VEGF-A (p=0.008, OR=3.77, 95% CI 1.44-10.21). The presence of low levels of both VCAM-1 and VEGF-A had an OR of 9.46 (95% CI 3.08-33.26, p=1.70x10-4 ) for the risk of hypertension (sensitivity of 41.4%, specificity of 93.1%, PPV of 70.6% and NPV of 79.8%). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study confirmed the value of VCAM-1 and VEGF-A levels in predicting hypertension induced by regorafenib, another VEGF-pathway inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C F Quintanilha
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelli Hammond
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yingmiao Liu
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Federica Marmorino
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Borelli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrew B Nixon
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Kohs TCL, Olson SR, Pang J, Jordan KR, Zheng TJ, Xie A, Hodovan J, Muller M, McArthur C, Johnson J, Sousa BB, Wallisch M, Kievit P, Aslan JE, Seixas JD, Bernardes GJL, Hinds MT, Lindner JR, McCarty OJT, Puy C, Shatzel JJ. Ibrutinib Inhibits BMX-Dependent Endothelial VCAM-1 Expression In Vitro and Pro-Atherosclerotic Endothelial Activation and Platelet Adhesion In Vivo. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:231-243. [PMID: 35611166 PMCID: PMC9124262 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-022-00723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory activation of the vascular endothelium leads to overexpression of adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), contributing to the pro-thrombotic state underpinning atherogenesis. While the role of TEC family kinases (TFKs) in mediating inflammatory cell and platelet activation is well defined, the role of TFKs in vascular endothelial activation remains unclear. We investigated the role of TFKs in endothelial cell activation in vitro and in a nonhuman primate model of diet-induced atherosclerosis in vivo. Methods and Results In vitro, we found that ibrutinib blocked activation of the TFK member, BMX, by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)-A in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Blockade of BMX activation with ibrutinib or pharmacologically distinct BMX inhibitors eliminated the ability of VEGF-A to stimulate VCAM-1 expression in HAECs. We validated that treatment with ibrutinib inhibited TFK-mediated platelet activation and aggregation in both human and primate samples as measured using flow cytometry and light transmission aggregometry. We utilized contrast-enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging to measure platelet GPIbα and endothelial VCAM-1 expression in atherosclerosis-prone carotid arteries of obese nonhuman primates. We observed that the TFK inhibitor, ibrutinib, inhibited platelet deposition and endothelial cell activation in vivo. Conclusion Herein we found that VEGF-A signals through BMX to induce VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells, and that VCAM-1 expression is sensitive to ibrutinib in vitro and in atherosclerosis-prone carotid arteries in vivo. These findings suggest that TFKs may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and could represent a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia C. L. Kohs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Sven R. Olson
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Jiaqing Pang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Kelley R. Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Tony J. Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Aris Xie
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - James Hodovan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Matthew Muller
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Carrie McArthur
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Bárbara B. Sousa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michael Wallisch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA ,Aronora, Inc., Portland, OR USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Joseph E. Aslan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA ,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - João D. Seixas
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal ,Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monica T. Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Jonathan R. Lindner
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA ,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Owen J. T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA ,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Cristina Puy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA ,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Joseph J. Shatzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA ,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
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Mori K, Schuettfort VM, Katayama S, Laukhtina E, Pradere B, Quhal F, Sari Motlagh R, Mostafaei H, Grossmann NC, Rajwa P, Teoh JY, Resch I, Fajkovic H, Moschini M, D'andrea D, Abufaraj M, Karakiewicz PI, Lotan Y, Scherr D, Egawa S, Compérat E, Shariat SF. Prognostic Role of Preoperative Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Plasma Levels in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder Treated With Radical Cystectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:5307-5316. [PMID: 35347517 PMCID: PMC9246812 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-11575-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Angiogenesis-related marker vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) has been shown to be elevated in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB), but its predictive/prognostic role has not been determined. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the predictive/prognostic role of VCAM-1 for patients who have UCB treated with radical cystectomy (RC).
Methods
The study enrolled 1036 patients with clinically non-metastatic advanced UCB who underwent RC, and plasma VCAM-1 was evaluated preoperatively. The correlation of plasma VCAM-1 with pathologic and survival outcomes was assessed using binominal logistic regression and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Discrimination was assessed using the area under the curve and concordance indices. The clinical net benefit was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
Preoperative VCAM-1 was significantly elevated in patients with adverse pathologic features. Higher VCAM-1 levels were independently associated with increased risk of lymph-node-metastasis (LNM), ≥pT3 disease, and non-organ-confined disease (NOCD (p < 0.001 for each). Preoperative plasma VCAM-1 was independently associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) in pre- and postoperative multivariable models. Adding VCAM-1 to these predictive models improved their discriminatory ability to predict all outcomes by a significant margin. In the DCA, VCAM-1 addition to the reference models for prediction of LNM, NOCD, RFS, and CSS resulted in relevant improvement.
Conclusions
Elevated plasma VCAM-1 was associated with biologically and clinically aggressive UCB disease features. After validation, preoperative VCAM-1 may serve as a biomarker to help identify patients likely to benefit from intensified/multimodal therapy. In addition, VCAM-1 improved the discriminatory power of predictive/prognostic models and can be used to refine personalized clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Satoshi Katayama
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, CHRU Tours, Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, PRES Centre Val de Loire, Tours, France
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nico C Grossmann
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jeremy Yc Teoh
- Department of Surgery, S.H. Ho Urology Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Irene Resch
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harun Fajkovic
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - David D'andrea
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas Scherr
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shin Egawa
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
- Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan.
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.
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Stern HD, Hussain RM. KSI-301: an investigational anti-VEGF biopolymer conjugate for retinal diseases. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:443-449. [PMID: 35285359 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2052042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION KSI-301 is an intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agent in clinical trials for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema (DME), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Its antibody-biopolymer conjugate structure is designed to decrease clearance from the eye and increase the duration of the effect. AREAS COVERED This article briefly discusses the impact and mechanisms of nAMD, DME, and RVO and evaluates currently approved anti-VEGF therapies. It progresses to examine a new agent, KSI-301 and the results from numerous clinical trials in these disease areas. EXPERT OPINION Despite varied results in the phase 2b/3 study for nAMD, there is potential for KSI-301 to serve as a durable therapy for VEGF-mediated retinal disorders. Ongoing phase 3 trials for nAMD, DME, and RVO will provide additional evidence on its efficacy, duration, and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson D Stern
- Retina Associates Ltd, IL, Elmhurst, USA.,Division of Ophthalmology, Chicago, Cook County Health, IL, United States
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Plasma levels of angiopoietin-2, VEGF-A, and VCAM-1 as markers of bevacizumab-induced hypertension: CALGB 80303 and 90401 (Alliance). Angiogenesis 2022; 25:47-55. [PMID: 34028627 PMCID: PMC8611102 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a common toxicity induced by bevacizumab and other antiangiogenic drugs. There are no biomarkers to predict the risk of bevacizumab-induced hypertension. This study aimed to identify plasma proteins related to the function of the vasculature to predict the risk of severe bevacizumab-induced hypertension. Using pretreated plasma samples from 398 bevacizumab-treated patients in two clinical trials (CALGB 80303 and 90401), the levels of 17 proteins were measured via ELISA. The association between proteins and grade 3 bevacizumab-induced hypertension was performed by calculating the odds ratio (OR) from logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, and clinical trial. Using the optimal cut-point of each protein, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for hypertension were estimated. Five proteins showed no difference in levels between clinical trials and were used for analyses. Lower levels of angiopoietin-2 (p = 0.0013, OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.67-7.55), VEGF-A (p = 0.0008, OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.93-10.72), and VCAM-1 (p = 0.0067, OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.34-5.63) were associated with an increased risk of grade 3 hypertension. The multivariable model suggests independent effects of angiopoietin-2 (p = 0.0111, OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.29-6.10), VEGF-A (p = 0.0051, OR 3.66, 95% CI 1.54-9.73), and VCAM-1 (p = 0.0308, OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.10-4.92). The presence of low levels of 2-3 proteins had an OR of 10.06 (95% CI 3.92-34.18, p = 1.80 × 10-5) for the risk of hypertension, with sensitivity of 89.7%, specificity of 53.5%, PPV of 17.3%, and NPV of 97.9%. This is the first study providing evidence of plasma proteins with potential value to predict patients at risk of developing bevacizumab-induced hypertension.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00088894 (CALGB 80303); and NCT00110214 (CALGB 90401).
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Zhang L, Zhang MY, Cao XX, Zhou DB, Fajgenbaum DC, Dong YJ, Li J. A prospective, multicenter study of bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory iMCD. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:618-626. [PMID: 35100929 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1999437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Relapsed and refractory (R/R) idiopathic Multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a clinical challenge with few treatment options. In this first multicenter, prospective trial which implemented the recently published CDCN response criteria, we evaluated the efficacy and safety profiles of bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (BCD) regimen in 24 R/R iMCD patients. By 6 months, 15 patients (62.5%) achieved overall treatment responses; four patients (16.7%) had stable disease and five patients (20.8%) suffered from progression of disease. Even when considering all patients, there were significant (p < .05) improvements in median symptom score, hemoglobin, platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), IL-6, albumin, and immunoglobin G (IgG) after treatment. The regimen was well tolerated without grade 3 or higher adverse events. Estimated 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 79% and 92%, respectively. BCD regimen is an effective and safe treatment option for R/R iMCD patients. This trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn as # ChiCTR1800019342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Miao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xin-Xin Cao
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dao-Bin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - David C Fajgenbaum
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Jun Dong
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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Ortolan LS, Avril M, Xue J, Seydel KB, Zheng Y, Smith JD. Plasmodium falciparum Parasite Lines Expressing DC8 and Group A PfEMP1 Bind to Brain, Intestinal, and Kidney Endothelial Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:813011. [PMID: 35155278 PMCID: PMC8831842 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.813011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells is a virulence determinant associated with microvascular obstruction and organ complications. The gastrointestinal tract is a major site of sequestration in fatal cerebral malaria cases and kidney complications are common in severe malaria, but parasite interactions with these microvascular sites are poorly characterized. To study parasite tropism for different microvascular sites, we investigated binding of parasite lines to primary human microvascular endothelial cells from intestine (HIMEC) and peritubular kidney (HKMEC) sites. Of the three major host receptors for P. falciparum, CD36 had low or negligible expression; endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) had the broadest constitutive expression; and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was weakly expressed on resting cells and was strongly upregulated by TNF-α on primary endothelial cells from the brain, intestine, and peritubular kidney sites. By studying parasite lines expressing var genes linked to severe malaria, we provide evidence that both the DC8 and Group A EPCR-binding subsets of the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family encodes binding affinity for brain, intestinal, and peritubular kidney endothelial cells, and that DC8 parasite adhesion was partially dependent on EPCR. Collectively, these findings raise the possibility of a brain-gut-kidney binding axis contributing to multi-organ complications in severe malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana S. Ortolan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marion Avril
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Karl B. Seydel
- Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- Blantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Joseph D. Smith
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Joseph D. Smith,
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Zhang Z, Xu D, Yu W, Qiu J, Xu C, He C, Xu X, Yin J. Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Tissue Factor Expression Induced by Thrombin in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via PAR-1 and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Acta Haematol 2022; 145:517-528. [PMID: 35598597 DOI: 10.1159/000525055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential signaling pathway of TSA suppressing TF expression induced by thrombin was unknown. Thus, the transcription of TF in HUVECs and the expressions of DCF, phospho-p38 MAPK, NADPH oxidase 4, PAR-1, and NF-κB were detected in our study. METHODS HUVECs were randomly divided into control group, thrombin-treated group (with 5 U/mL of thrombin), and 4 TSA-treated groups (with 5 U/mL of thrombin plus TSA with 4 different concentrations of 1 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 1 mg/mL, respectively). RESULTS After incubation with thrombin for 6 h at 37°C, the results showed increased TF mRNA, TF procoagulant activity, and antigen of TF in HUVECs of thrombin-treated group (p < 0.01); however, they were restored by TSA in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS), phospho-p38 MAPK, NADPH oxidase 4, NF-κB, and PAR-1 expressed more intensively, and phosphorylated Akt decreased obviously in HUVECs after thrombin stimulation (p < 0.01); however, they were reversed to different extents by TSA in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Study suggests that TSA inhibits TF expression induced by thrombin in cultured HUVECs, and the potential signaling pathway of which is TSA interrupts the activation of PAR-1 and NADPH oxidase as well as derivative ROS generation, thereafter suppresses the activation of NF-κB, the upstream signal molecule of TF, via hampering phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and dephosphorylation of Akt, and finally inhibits thrombin-induced TF overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Zhang
- Division of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Daming Xu
- Division of Urological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wenjun Yu
- Division of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jinfeng Qiu
- Division of Respirology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chengwei Xu
- Department of Hemodialysis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chunling He
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xianru Xu
- Division of Inventional Ultrasonic Therapeutics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Division of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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OUP accepted manuscript. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4252-4262. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ahmed S, Jacob B, Carsons SE, De Leon J, Reiss AB. Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Complex Challenge with Increased Atherosclerotic Risk. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010011. [PMID: 35056068 PMCID: PMC8778152 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) carries significant risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Traditional ASCVD risk factors fail to account for this accelerated atherosclerosis. Shared inflammatory pathways are fundamental in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Considering the impact of RA in increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the characterization of therapies encompassing both RA and ASCVD management merit high priority. Despite little progress, several drugs discussed here promote remission and or lower rheumatoid disease activity while simultaneously conferring some level of atheroprotection. Methotrexate, a widely used disease-modifying drug used in RA, is associated with significant reduction in cardiovascular adverse events. MTX promotes cholesterol efflux from macrophages, upregulates free radical scavenging and improves endothelial function. Likewise, the sulfonamide drug sulfasalazine positively impacts the lipid profile by increasing HDL-C, and its use in RA has been correlated with reduced risk of myocardial infraction. In the biologic class, inhibitors of TNF-α and IL-6 contribute to improvements in endothelial function and promote anti-atherogenic properties of HDL-C, respectively. The immunosuppressant hydroxychloroquine positively affects insulin sensitization and the lipid profile. While no individual therapy has elicited optimal atheroprotection, further investigation of combination therapies are ongoing.
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