1
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Zhao Y, Dong Z, Miao J, Liu Q, Ma C, Tian X, He J, Bi H, Yao W, Li T, Gill HS, Zhang Z, Cao A, Liu B, Li H, Sehgal SK, Liu W. Pm57 from Aegilops searsii encodes a tandem kinase protein and confers wheat powdery mildew resistance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4796. [PMID: 38839783 PMCID: PMC11153570 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49257-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a devastating disease that affects wheat yield and quality. Wheat wild relatives represent valuable sources of disease resistance genes. Cloning and characterization of these genes will facilitate their incorporation into wheat breeding programs. Here, we report the cloning of Pm57, a wheat powdery mildew resistance gene from Aegilops searsii. It encodes a tandem kinase protein with putative kinase-pseudokinase domains followed by a von Willebrand factor A domain (WTK-vWA), being ortholog of Lr9 that mediates wheat leaf rust resistance. The resistance function of Pm57 is validated via independent mutants, gene silencing, and transgenic assays. Stable Pm57 transgenic wheat lines and introgression lines exhibit high levels of all-stage resistance to diverse isolates of the Bgt fungus, and no negative impacts on agronomic parameters are observed in our experimental set-up. Our findings highlight the emerging role of kinase fusion proteins in plant disease resistance and provide a valuable gene for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhenjie Dong
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jingnan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiubin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jinqiu He
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huihui Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Harsimardeep S Gill
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Aizhong Cao
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Sunish K Sehgal
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Jing T, Wu Y, Yu Y, Li J, Mu X, Xu L, Wang X, Qi G, Tang J, Wang D, Yang S, Hua J, Gou M. Copine proteins are required for brassinosteroid signaling in maize and Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2028. [PMID: 38459051 PMCID: PMC10923931 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Copine proteins are highly conserved and ubiquitously found in eukaryotes, and their indispensable roles in different species were proposed. However, their exact function remains unclear. The phytohormone brassinosteroids (BRs) play vital roles in plant growth, development and environmental responses. A key event in effective BR signaling is the formation of functional BRI1-SERK receptor complex and subsequent transphosphorylation upon ligand binding. Here, we demonstrate that BONZAI (BON) proteins, which are plasma membrane-associated copine proteins, are critical components of BR signaling in both the monocot maize and the dicot Arabidopsis. Biochemical and molecular analyses reveal that BON proteins directly interact with SERK kinases, thereby ensuring effective BRI1-SERK interaction and transphosphorylation. This study advances the knowledge on BR signaling and provides an important target for optimizing valuable agronomic traits, it also opens a way to study steroid hormone signaling and copine proteins of eukaryotes in a broader perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiankun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohuan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Daowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Hua
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mingyue Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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3
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Yu B, Chao DY, Zhao Y. How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:394-423. [PMID: 38329193 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land plants. Plants sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water deficiency. Scientists have studied how plants sense drought stress, or osmotic stress caused by drought, ever since Charles Darwin, and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in plants. Osmotic stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level, including changes in turgor, cell wall stiffness and integrity, membrane tension, and cell fluid volume, and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream responses. In this review, we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms, compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms, prospected how plants sense changes in turgor, membrane tension, and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants, animals, yeasts, and bacteria, summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs, such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation, membrane water permeability, root hydrotropism, root halotropism, Casparian strip and suberin lamellae, and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple osmosensors. We also discussed the core scientific questions, provided perspective about the future directions in this field, and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Chen K, Gao J, Sun S, Zhang Z, Yu B, Li J, Xie C, Li G, Wang P, Song CP, Bressan RA, Hua J, Zhu JK, Zhao Y. BONZAI Proteins Control Global Osmotic Stress Responses in Plants. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4815-4825.e4. [PMID: 33035480 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hyperosmotic stress caused by drought and salinity is a significant environmental threat that limits plant growth and agricultural productivity. Osmotic stress induces diverse responses in plants including Ca2+ signaling, accumulation of the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA), reprogramming of gene expression, and altering of growth. Despite intensive investigation, no global regulators of all of these responses have been identified. Here, we show that the Ca2+-responsive phospholipid-binding BONZAI (BON) proteins are critical for all of these osmotic stress responses. A Ca2+-imaging-based forward genetic screen identified a loss-of-function bon1 mutant with a reduced cytosolic Ca2+ signal in response to hyperosmotic stress. The loss-of-function mutants of the BON1 gene family, bon1bon2bon3, are impaired in the induction of gene expression and ABA accumulation in response to osmotic stress. In addition, the bon mutants are hypersensitive to osmotic stress in growth inhibition. BON genes have been shown to negatively regulate plant immune responses mediated by intracellular immune receptor NLR genes including SNC1. We found that the defects of the bon mutants in osmotic stress responses were suppressed by mutations in the NLR gene SNC1 or the immunity regulator PAD4. Our findings indicate that NLR signaling represses osmotic stress responses and that BON proteins suppress NLR signaling to enable global osmotic stress responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kong Chen
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinghui Gao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaan'xi 712100, China
| | - Shujing Sun
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhengjing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changgen Xie
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Guojun Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jian Hua
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
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5
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Wang Q, Jiang M, Isupov MN, Chen Y, Littlechild JA, Sun L, Wu X, Wang Q, Yang W, Chen L, Li Q, Wu Y. The crystal structure of Arabidopsis BON1 provides insights into the copine protein family. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1215-1232. [PMID: 32369638 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana BON1 gene product is a member of the evolutionary conserved eukaryotic calcium-dependent membrane-binding protein family. The copine protein is composed of two C2 domains (C2A and C2B) followed by a vWA domain. The BON1 protein is localized on the plasma membrane, and is known to suppress the expression of immune receptor genes and to positively regulate stomatal closure. The first structure of this protein family has been determined to 2.5-Å resolution and shows the structural features of the three conserved domains C2A, C2B and vWA. The structure reveals the third Ca2+ -binding region in C2A domain is longer than classical C2 domains and a novel Ca2+ binding site in the vWA domain. The structure of BON1 bound to Mn2+ is also presented. The binding of the C2 domains to phospholipid (PSF) has been modeled and provides an insight into the lipid-binding mechanism of the copine proteins. Furthermore, the selectivity of the separate C2A and C2B domains and intact BON1 to bind to different phospholipids has been investigated, and we demonstrated that BON1 could mediate aggregation of liposomes in response to Ca2+ . These studies have formed the basis of further investigations into the important role that the copine proteins play in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Meiqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Michail N Isupov
- Henry Wellcome Center for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Yayu Chen
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Jennifer A Littlechild
- Henry Wellcome Center for Biocatalysis, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Lifang Sun
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao West Road, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wendi Yang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Lifei Chen
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yunkun Wu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
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6
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Yin X, Zou B, Hong X, Gao M, Yang W, Zhong X, He Y, Kuai P, Lou Y, Huang J, Hua J, He Z. Rice copine genes OsBON1 and OsBON3 function as suppressors of broad-spectrum disease resistance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1476-1487. [PMID: 29356349 PMCID: PMC6041448 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for disease resistance is the most effective strategy to control diseases, particularly with broad-spectrum disease resistance in many crops. However, knowledge on genes and mechanism of broad-spectrum resistance and trade-off between defence and growth in crops is limited. Here, we show that the rice copine genes OsBON1 and OsBON3 are critical suppressors of immunity. Both OsBON1 and OsBON3 changed their protein subcellular localization upon pathogen challenge. Knockdown of OsBON1 and dominant negative mutant of OsBON3 each enhanced resistance to rice bacterial and fungal pathogens with either hemibiotrophic or necrotrophic lifestyles. The defence activation in OsBON1 knockdown mutants was associated with reduced growth, both of which were largely suppressed under high temperature. In contrast, overexpression of OsBON1 or OsBON3 decreased disease resistance and promoted plant growth. However, neither OsBON1 nor OsBON3 could rescue the dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis BON1 knockout mutant, suggesting a divergence of the rice and Arabidopsis copine genes. Our study therefore shows that the rice copine genes play a negative role in regulating disease resistance and their expression level and protein location likely have a large impact on the balance between immunity and agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baohong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuexue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mingjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Weibing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangbin Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Peng Kuai
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yonggen Lou
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jirong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Plant Biology SectionSchool of Integrated Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| | - Zuhua He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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7
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Hohmann U, Nicolet J, Moretti A, Hothorn LA, Hothorn M. The SERK3 elongated allele defines a role for BIR ectodomains in brassinosteroid signalling. NATURE PLANTS 2018; 4:345-351. [PMID: 29735985 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (LRR-RK) BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) requires a shape-complementary SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK) co-receptor for brassinosteroid sensing and receptor activation1. Interface mutations that weaken the interaction between receptor and co-receptor in vitro reduce brassinosteroid signalling responses2. The SERK3 elongated (elg) allele3-5 maps to the complex interface and shows enhanced brassinosteroid signalling, but surprisingly no tighter binding to the BRI1 ectodomain in vitro. Here, we report that rather than promoting the interaction with BRI1, the elg mutation disrupts the ability of the co-receptor to interact with the ectodomains of BRI1-ASSOCIATED-KINASE1 INTERACTING KINASE (BIR) receptor pseudokinases, negative regulators of LRR-RK signalling6. A conserved lateral surface patch in BIR LRR domains is required for targeting SERK co-receptors and the elg allele maps to the core of the complex interface in a 1.25 Å BIR3-SERK1 structure. Collectively, our structural, quantitative biochemical and genetic analyses suggest that brassinosteroid signalling complex formation is negatively regulated by BIR receptor ectodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Hohmann
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joël Nicolet
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Moretti
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig A Hothorn
- Institute of Biostatistics, Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Hothorn
- Structural Plant Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Majeran W, Le Caer JP, Ponnala L, Meinnel T, Giglione C. Targeted Profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana Subproteomes Illuminates Co- and Posttranslationally N-Terminal Myristoylated Proteins. THE PLANT CELL 2018; 30:543-562. [PMID: 29453228 PMCID: PMC5894833 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
N-terminal myristoylation, a major eukaryotic protein lipid modification, is difficult to detect in vivo and challenging to predict in silico. We developed a proteomics strategy involving subfractionation of cellular membranes, combined with separation of hydrophobic peptides by mass spectrometry-coupled liquid chromatography to identify the Arabidopsis thaliana myristoylated proteome. This approach identified a starting pool of 8837 proteins in all analyzed cellular fractions, comprising 32% of the Arabidopsis proteome. Of these, 906 proteins contain an N-terminal Gly at position 2, a prerequisite for myristoylation, and 214 belong to the predicted myristoylome (comprising 51% of the predicted myristoylome of 421 proteins). We further show direct evidence of myristoylation in 72 proteins; 18 of these myristoylated proteins were not previously predicted. We found one myristoylation site downstream of a predicted initiation codon, indicating that posttranslational myristoylation occurs in plants. Over half of the identified proteins could be quantified and assigned to a subcellular compartment. Hierarchical clustering of protein accumulation combined with myristoylation and S-acylation data revealed that N-terminal double acylation influences redirection to the plasma membrane. In a few cases, MYR function extended beyond simple membrane association. This study identified hundreds of N-acylated proteins for which lipid modifications could control protein localization and expand protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Majeran
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Le Caer
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Lalit Ponnala
- Computational Biology Service Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850
| | - Thierry Meinnel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Carmela Giglione
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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9
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Yang DL, Shi Z, Bao Y, Yan J, Yang Z, Yu H, Li Y, Gou M, Wang S, Zou B, Xu D, Ma Z, Kim J, Hua J. Calcium Pumps and Interacting BON1 Protein Modulate Calcium Signature, Stomatal Closure, and Plant Immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:424-437. [PMID: 28701352 PMCID: PMC5580750 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling is essential for environmental responses including immune responses. Here, we provide evidence that the evolutionarily conserved protein BONZAI1 (BON1) functions together with autoinhibited calcium ATPase10 (ACA10) and ACA8 to regulate calcium signals in Arabidopsis. BON1 is a plasma membrane localized protein that negatively regulates the expression of immune receptor genes and positively regulates stomatal closure. We found that BON1 interacts with the autoinhibitory domains of ACA10 and ACA8, and the aca10 loss-of-function (LOF) mutants have an autoimmune phenotype similar to that of the bon1 LOF mutants. Genetic evidences indicate that BON1 positively regulates the activities of ACA10 and ACA8. Consistent with this idea, the steady level of calcium concentration is increased in both aca10 and bon1 mutants. Most strikingly, cytosolic calcium oscillation imposed by external calcium treatment was altered in aca10, aca8, and bon1 mutants in guard cells. In addition, calcium- and pathogen-induced stomatal closure was compromised in the aca10 and bon1 mutants. Taken together, this study indicates that ACA10/8 and BON1 physically interact on plasma membrane and function in the generation of cytosol calcium signatures that are critical for stomatal movement and impact plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Zhenying Shi
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Yongmei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Jiapei Yan
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Ziyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huiyun Yu
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingyue Gou
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Shu Wang
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Baohong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Dachao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jitae Kim
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - Jian Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
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10
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Zou B, Hong X, Ding Y, Wang X, Liu H, Hua J. Identification and analysis of copine/BONZAI proteins among evolutionarily diverse plant species. Genome 2016; 59:565-73. [PMID: 27484220 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2016-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Copines are evolutionarily conserved calcium-dependent membrane-binding proteins with potentially critical biological functions. In plants, the function of these proteins has not been analyzed except for in Arabidopsis thaliana where they play critical roles in development and disease resistance. To facilitate functional studies of copine proteins in crop plants, genome-wide identification, curation, and phylogeny analysis of copines in 16 selected plant species were conducted. All the identified 32 plant copines have conserved features of the two C2 domains (C2A and C2B) and the von Willebrand factor A (vWA) domain. Different from animal and protozoa copines, plant copines have glycine at the second residue potentially acquiring a unique protein myristoylation modification. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that copine was present as one copy when evolving from green algae to basal flowering plants, and duplicated before the divergence of monocots and dicots. In addition, gene expression and protein localization study of rice copines suggests both conserved and different properties of copines in dicots and monocots. This study will contribute to uncovering the role of copine genes in different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohong Zou
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuexue Hong
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian Hua
- a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,b Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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11
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Disch EM, Tong M, Kotur T, Koch G, Wolf CA, Li X, Hoth S. Membrane-Associated Ubiquitin Ligase SAUL1 Suppresses Temperature- and Humidity-Dependent Autoimmunity in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:69-80. [PMID: 26505534 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-15-0146-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to regulate pathogen defense. Imbalances in this regulation may result in autoimmune responses that are affecting plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis, SAUL1 encodes a plant U-box ubiquitin ligase and regulates senescence and cell death. Here, we show that saul1-1 plants exhibit characteristics of an autoimmune mutant. A decrease in relative humidity or temperature resulted in reduced growth and systemic lesioning of saul1-1 rosettes. These physiological changes are associated with increased expression of salicylic acid-dependent and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Consistently, resistance of saul1-1 plants against Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, or Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Noco2 was enhanced. Transmission electron microscopy revealed alterations in saul1-1 chloroplast ultrastructure and cell-wall depositions. Confocal analysis on aniline blue-stained leaf sections and cellular universal micro spectrophotometry further showed that these cell-wall depositions contain callose and lignin. To analyze signaling downstream of SAUL1, we performed epistasis analyses between saul1-1 and mutants in the EDS1/PAD4/SAG101 hub. All phenotypes observed in saul1-1 plants at low temperature were dependent on EDS1 and PAD4 but not SAG101. Taken together, SAUL1 negatively regulates immunity upstream of EDS1/PAD4, likely through the degradation of an unknown activator of the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Disch
- 1 Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Meixuezi Tong
- 2 Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tanja Kotur
- 1 Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Koch
- 3 Thünen-Institute of Wood Technology and Wood Biology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carl-Asmus Wolf
- 1 Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xin Li
- 2 Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Stefan Hoth
- 1 Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Gou M, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Huang Q, Monaghan J, Yang H, Shi Z, Zipfel C, Hua J. Opposing Effects on Two Phases of Defense Responses from Concerted Actions of HEAT SHOCK COGNATE70 and BONZAI1 in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:2304-23. [PMID: 26408532 PMCID: PMC4634071 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The plant immune system consists of multiple layers of responses targeting various phases of pathogen infection. Here, we provide evidence showing that two responses, one controlling stomatal closure and the other mediated by intracellular receptor proteins, can be regulated by the same proteins but in an antagonistic manner. The HEAT SHOCK COGNATE70 (HSC70), while previously known as a negative regulator of stomatal closure, is a positive regulator of immune responses mediated by the immune receptor protein SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1-1, CONSTITUTIVE1 (SNC1) as well as basal defense responses. In contrast to HSC70, a calcium-binding protein, BONZAI1 (BON1), promotes abscisic acid- and pathogen-triggered stomatal closure in addition to and independent of its previously known negative role in SNC1 regulation. BON1 likely regulates stomatal closure through activating SUPPESSOR OF THE G2 ALLELE OF SKP1 VARIANT B and inhibiting HSC70. New functions of BON1 and HSC70 identified in this study thus reveal opposite effects of each of them on immunity. The opposing roles of these regulators at different phases of plant immune responses exemplify the complexity in immunity regulation and suggest that immune receptors may guard positive regulators functioning at stomatal closure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Gou
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Zemin Zhang
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Quansheng Huang
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Jacqueline Monaghan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Huijun Yang
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Zhenying Shi
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
| | - Jian Hua
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (M.G., Z.Z., N.Z., Q.H., H.Y., Z.S., J.H.);State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China (Z.Z.);State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China (N.Z.);Institute of Nuclear and Biological Technology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China (Q.H.);The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (J.M., C.Z.); andShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (Z.S.)
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13
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Plattner H. Molecular aspects of calcium signalling at the crossroads of unikont and bikont eukaryote evolution – The ciliated protozoan Paramecium in focus. Cell Calcium 2015; 57:174-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Bruggeman Q, Raynaud C, Benhamed M, Delarue M. To die or not to die? Lessons from lesion mimic mutants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:24. [PMID: 25688254 PMCID: PMC4311611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a ubiquitous genetically regulated process consisting in an activation of finely controlled signaling pathways that lead to cellular suicide. Although some aspects of PCD control appear evolutionary conserved between plants, animals and fungi, the extent of conservation remains controversial. Over the last decades, identification and characterization of several lesion mimic mutants (LMM) has been a powerful tool in the quest to unravel PCD pathways in plants. Thanks to progress in molecular genetics, mutations causing the phenotype of a large number of LMM and their related suppressors were mapped, and the identification of the mutated genes shed light on major pathways in the onset of plant PCD such as (i) the involvements of chloroplasts and light energy, (ii) the roles of sphingolipids and fatty acids, (iii) a signal perception at the plasma membrane that requires efficient membrane trafficking, (iv) secondary messengers such as ion fluxes and ROS and (v) the control of gene expression as the last integrator of the signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Bruggeman
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, UMR CNRS 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant SciencesOrsay, France
| | - Cécile Raynaud
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, UMR CNRS 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant SciencesOrsay, France
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, UMR CNRS 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant SciencesOrsay, France
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marianne Delarue
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, UMR CNRS 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant SciencesOrsay, France
- *Correspondence: Marianne Delarue, Institut de Biologie des Plantes, UMR CNRS 8618, Université Paris-Sud, Saclay Plant Sciences, Bâtiment 630, Route de Noetzlin, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France e-mail:
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15
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Running MP. The role of lipid post-translational modification in plant developmental processes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:50. [PMID: 24600462 PMCID: PMC3927097 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Most eukaryotic proteins are post-translationally modified, and modification has profound effects on protein function. One key modification is the attachment of a lipid group to certain amino acids; this typically facilitates subcellular targeting (association with a membrane) and protein-protein interactions (by virtue of the large hydrophobic moiety). Most widely recognized are lipid modifications of proteins involved in developmental signaling, but proteins with structural roles are also lipid-modified. The three known types of intracellular protein lipid modifications are S-acylation, N-myristoylation, and prenylation. In plants, genetic analysis of the enzymes involved, along with molecular analysis of select target proteins, has recently shed light on the roles of lipid modification in key developmental processes, such as meristem function, flower development, polar cell elongation, cell differentiation, and hormone responses. In addition, while lipid post-translational mechanisms are generally conserved among eukaryotes, plants differ in the nature and function of target proteins, the effects of lipid modification on target proteins, and the roles of lipid modification in developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Running
- *Correspondence: Mark P. Running, Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA e-mail:
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16
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Lu SX, Hrabak EM. The myristoylated amino-terminus of an Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase mediates plasma membrane localization. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 82:267-78. [PMID: 23609608 PMCID: PMC3668125 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-013-0061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) are a major group of calcium-stimulated kinases found in plants and some protists. Many CDPKs are membrane-associated, presumably because of lipid modifications at their amino termini. We investigated the subcellular location and myristoylation of AtCPK5, a member of the Arabidopsis CDPK family. Most AtCPK5 was associated with the plasma membrane as demonstrated by two-phase fractionation of plant microsomes and by in vivo detection of AtCPK5-GFP fusion proteins. AtCPK5 was a substrate for plant N-myristoyltransferase and myristoylation was prevented by converting the glycine at the proposed site of myristate attachment to alanine (G2A). In transgenic plants, a G2A mutation completely abolished AtCPK5 membrane association, indicating that myristoylation was essential for membrane binding. The first sixteen amino acids of AtCPK5 were sufficient to direct plasma membrane localization. In addition, differentially phosphorylated forms of AtCPK5 were detected both in planta and after expression of AtCPK5 in a cell-free plant extract. Our results demonstrate that AtCPK5 is myristoylated at its amino terminus and that myristoylation is required for membrane binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheen X. Lu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA
- Present Address: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 09905 USA
| | - Estelle M. Hrabak
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA
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17
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Zhu Y, Du B, Qian J, Zou B, Hua J. Disease resistance gene-induced growth inhibition is enhanced by rcd1 independent of defense activation in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 161:2005-13. [PMID: 23365132 PMCID: PMC3613471 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.213363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Activation of plant immune responses is often associated with an inhibition of plant growth. The molecular mechanisms underlying this fitness cost are unknown. Here, we utilize the autoimmune response mutant suppressor of npr1, constitutive1 (snc1) resulting from an activated form of the Disease Resistance (R) gene to dissect the genetic component mediating growth inhibition in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The radical-induced cell death1 (rcd1) mutant defective in responses to reactive oxygen species (ROS) was isolated as an enhancer of the snc1 mutant in growth inhibition but not in defense response activation. Similarly, the vitamin C2 (vtc2) and vtc3 mutants defective in ROS detoxification enhanced the growth defects of snc1. Thus, perturbation of ROS status by R gene activation is responsible for the growth inhibition, and this effect is independent of defense response activation. This was further supported by the partial rescue of growth defects of rcd1 snc1 by the respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (rbohD) and rbohF mutations compromising the generation of ROS burst. Collectively, these findings indicate that perturbation of ROS homeostasis contributes to the fitness cost independent of defense activation.
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18
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Warner A, Xiong G, Qadota H, Rogalski T, Vogl AW, Moerman DG, Benian GM. CPNA-1, a copine domain protein, is located at integrin adhesion sites and is required for myofilament stability in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 24:601-16. [PMID: 23283987 PMCID: PMC3583664 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-06-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We identify cpna-1 (F31D5.3) as a novel essential muscle gene in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Antibodies specific to copine domain protein atypical-1 (CPNA-1), as well as a yellow fluorescent protein translational fusion, are localized to integrin attachment sites (M-lines and dense bodies) in the body-wall muscle of C. elegans. CPNA-1 contains an N-terminal predicted transmembrane domain and a C-terminal copine domain and binds to the M-line/dense body protein PAT-6 (actopaxin) and the M-line proteins UNC-89 (obscurin), LIM-9 (FHL), SCPL-1 (SCP), and UNC-96. Proper CPNA-1 localization is dependent upon PAT-6 in embryonic and adult muscle. Nematodes lacking cpna-1 arrest elongation at the twofold stage of embryogenesis and display disruption of the myofilament lattice. The thick-filament component myosin heavy chain MYO-3 and the M-line component UNC-89 are initially localized properly in cpna-1-null embryos. However, in these embryos, when contraction begins, MYO-3 and UNC-89 become mislocalized into large foci and animals die. We propose that CPNA-1 acts as a linker between an integrin-associated protein, PAT-6, and membrane-distal components of integrin adhesion complexes in the muscle of C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Warner
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ge Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Hiroshi Qadota
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Teresa Rogalski
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A. Wayne Vogl
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Donald G. Moerman
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Guy M. Benian
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
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Yang H, Gray BN, Ahner BA, Hanson MR. Bacteriophage 5' untranslated regions for control of plastid transgene expression. PLANTA 2013; 237:517-27. [PMID: 23053542 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Expression of foreign proteins from transgenes incorporated into plastid genomes requires regulatory sequences that can be recognized by the plastid transcription and translation machinery. Translation signals harbored by the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of plastid transcripts can profoundly affect the level of accumulation of proteins expressed from chimeric transgenes. Both endogenous 5' UTRs and the bacteriophage T7 gene 10 (T7g10) 5' UTR have been found to be effective in combination with particular coding regions to mediate high-level expression of foreign proteins. We investigated whether two other bacteriophage 5' UTRs could be utilized in plastid transgenes by fusing them to the aadA (aminoglycoside-3'-adenyltransferase) coding region that is commonly used as a selectable marker in plastid transformation. Transplastomic plants containing either the T7g1.3 or T4g23 5' UTRs fused to Myc-epitope-tagged aadA were successfully obtained, demonstrating the ability of these 5' UTRs to regulate gene expression in plastids. Placing the Thermobifida fusca cel6A gene under the control of the T7g1.3 or T4g23 5' UTRs, along with a tetC downstream box, resulted in poor expression of the cellulase in contrast with high-level accumulation while using the T7g10 5' UTR. However, transplastomic plants with the bacteriophage 5' UTRs controlling the aadA coding region exhibited fewer undesired recombinant species than plants containing the same marker gene regulated by the Nicotiana tabacum psbA 5' UTR. Furthermore, expression of the T7g1.3 and T4g23 5' UTR::aadA fusions downstream of the cel6A gene provided sufficient spectinomycin resistance to allow selection of homoplasmic transgenic plants and had no effect on Cel6A accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Yang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Gou M, Hua J. Complex regulation of an R gene SNC1 revealed by auto-immune mutants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2012; 7:213-6. [PMID: 22415045 PMCID: PMC3405709 DOI: 10.4161/psb.18884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved resistance (R) proteins to detect pathogen effectors and trigger plant defense responses in the so named effector-triggered immunity (ETI). R proteins are under negative regulation in plants as upregulated activation of R protein is detrimental to plant growth. Autoimmune mutants have been instrumental in understanding the fine tuning of plant defense responses. Recently, a number of such mutants have been molecularly characterized, and some of them result from over-activation of SNC1, a TIR-NBS-LRR type of R protein. Studies of these mutants revealed a complex negative regulation of SNC1 activity from transcriptional to post-translational regulation. Here, we summarize studies on these SNC1-dependent auto-immune mutants and discuss the fine regulation of R proteins in plant immunity.
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Wang Z, Meng P, Zhang X, Ren D, Yang S. BON1 interacts with the protein kinases BIR1 and BAK1 in modulation of temperature-dependent plant growth and cell death in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 67:1081-93. [PMID: 21623975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis copine gene BON1 encodes a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein involved in plant growth homeostasis and disease resistance. However, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms by which BON1 modulates plant growth and defense responses are not well understood. Here, we show that BON1 interacts physically with the leucine-rich-repeat receptor-like kinases BIR1 (BAK1-interacting receptor-like kinase 1) and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptor regulator BAK1 in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, bon1 and bir1 mutants exhibit synergistic interaction. While a bir1 null mutant has similar growth and cell-death defects compared with bon1, a bir1 bon1 double mutant displays more severe phenotypes than does the single mutants. The bon1-1 and bir1-1 phenotypes are partially suppressed by overexpression of BIR1 and BON1, respectively. Furthermore, the bir1 phenotype is attenuated by a loss-of-function mutation in the resistance (R) gene SNC1 (Suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1), which mediates defense responses in bon1. Intriguingly, BON1 and BIR1 can be phosphorylated by BAK1 in vitro. Our findings suggest that BIR1 functions as a negative regulator of plant resistance and that BON1 and BIR1 might modulate both PAMP- and R protein-triggered immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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