1
|
Liang N, Li H, Zhang K, Wang Y, Xiang L, Xiao L, Luo G. Association of Dietary Retinol Intake and Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels: Results from NHANES 2013-2014. Nutrients 2024; 16:1763. [PMID: 38892696 PMCID: PMC11175068 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence suggesting that serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels can be used as biomarkers for axonal injury. Retinol is recognized for its significant involvement in nervous system function, but the precise connection between dietary retinol and sNfL levels remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the relationship between dietary retinol intake and sNfL, and to find an optimal retinol intake level for neurological health. METHODS In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducted from 2013 to 2014, a cohort of 1684 participants who met the criteria were selected for the study. sNfL levels were measured from stored serum samples using a novel high-throughput immunoassay platform from Siemens Healthineers. Assessment of dietary retinol intake was performed by a uniformly trained interviewer through a 24 h dietary recall method. A generalized linear model was evaluated to assess the correlation between dietary retinol intake and sNfL concentrations. Furthermore, the nonlinear association between the two is further explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. RESULTS Upon adjusting for potential confounders, a 10% increase in dietary retinol intake was associated with a 3.47% increase in sNfL levels (95% CI: 0.54%, 6.49%) across all participants. This relationship was more pronounced in specific subgroups, including those under 60 years of age, non-obese, impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and non-diabetic. In subgroup analysis, among those younger than 60 years of age (percent change: 3.80%; 95% CI: 0.43%, 7.28%), changes were found in non-obese participants (percent change: 6.28%; 95% CI: 2.66%, 10.02%), those with impaired eGFR (percent change: 6.90%; 95% CI: 1.44%, 12.65%), and non-diabetic patients (percentage change: 4.17%; 95% CI: 1.08%, 7.36%). RCS analysis showed a linear relationship between dietary retinol intake and sNfL levels. Furthermore, the positive correlation between the two was more significant after the inflection point, according to piecewise linear analysis. CONCLUSION This current investigation uncovered a J-shaped relationship between dietary retinol and sNfL levels, suggesting that axonal damage can occur when dietary retinol intake increases more than a specific threshold. These findings need to be further confirmed in future prospective studies to determine the precise intake level that may trigger axonal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (N.L.); (H.L.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (L.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Steinhoff JS, Wagner C, Dähnhardt HE, Košić K, Meng Y, Taschler U, Pajed L, Yang N, Wulff S, Kiefer MF, Petricek KM, Flores RE, Li C, Dittrich S, Sommerfeld M, Guillou H, Henze A, Raila J, Wowro SJ, Schoiswohl G, Lass A, Schupp M. Adipocyte HSL is required for maintaining circulating vitamin A and RBP4 levels during fasting. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00158-x. [PMID: 38769419 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is distributed via the blood bound to its specific carrier protein, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4). Retinol-loaded RBP4 is secreted into the circulation exclusively from hepatocytes, thereby mobilizing hepatic retinoid stores that represent the major vitamin A reserves in the body. The relevance of extrahepatic retinoid stores for circulating retinol and RBP4 levels that are usually kept within narrow physiological limits is unknown. Here, we show that fasting affects retinoid mobilization in a tissue-specific manner, and that hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in adipose tissue is required to maintain serum concentrations of retinol and RBP4 during fasting in mice. We found that extracellular retinol-free apo-RBP4 induces retinol release by adipocytes in an HSL-dependent manner. Consistently, global or adipocyte-specific HSL deficiency leads to an accumulation of retinoids in adipose tissue and a drop of serum retinol and RBP4 during fasting, which affects retinoid-responsive gene expression in eye and kidney and lowers renal retinoid content. These findings establish a novel crosstalk between liver and adipose tissue retinoid stores for the maintenance of systemic vitamin A homeostasis during fasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Steinhoff
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Henriette E Dähnhardt
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Košić
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yueming Meng
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Taschler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Pajed
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Na Yang
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Wulff
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie F Kiefer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin M Petricek
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberto E Flores
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chen Li
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Dittrich
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Sommerfeld
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP- PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrea Henze
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Halle, Germany
- Junior Research Group ProAID, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jens Raila
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Sylvia J Wowro
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leung M, Steinman J, Li D, Lor A, Gruesen A, Sadah A, van Kuijk FJ, Montezuma SR, Kondkar AA, Radhakrishnan R, Lobo GP. The Logistical Backbone of Photoreceptor Cell Function: Complementary Mechanisms of Dietary Vitamin A Receptors and Rhodopsin Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4278. [PMID: 38673863 PMCID: PMC11050646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we outline our current understanding of the mechanisms involved in the absorption, storage, and transport of dietary vitamin A to the eye, and the trafficking of rhodopsin protein to the photoreceptor outer segments, which encompasses the logistical backbone required for photoreceptor cell function. Two key mechanisms of this process are emphasized in this manuscript: ocular and systemic vitamin A membrane transporters, and rhodopsin transporters. Understanding the complementary mechanisms responsible for the generation and proper transport of the retinylidene protein to the photoreceptor outer segment will eventually shed light on the importance of genes encoded by these proteins, and their relationship on normal visual function and in the pathophysiology of retinal degenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Jeremy Steinman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Dorothy Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Anjelynt Lor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Andrew Gruesen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Ahmed Sadah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Frederik J. van Kuijk
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Sandra R. Montezuma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Altaf A. Kondkar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12271, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rakesh Radhakrishnan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| | - Glenn P. Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.L.); (J.S.); (D.L.); (A.L.); (A.G.); (A.S.); (F.J.v.K.); (S.R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun L, Zheng M, Gao Y, Brigstock DR, Gao R. Retinoic acid signaling pathway in pancreatic stellate cells: Insight into the anti-fibrotic effect and mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176374. [PMID: 38309676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are activated following loss of cytoplasmic vitamin A (retinol)-containing lipid droplets, which is a key event in the process of fibrogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDCA). PSCs are the major source of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that produce stroma to induce PDAC cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. As an active metabolite of retinol, retinoic acid (RA) can regulate target gene expression in PSCs through its nuclear receptor complex (RAR/RXR or RXR/RXR) or transcriptional intermediary factor. Additionally, RA also has extranuclear and non-transcriptional effects. In vitro studies have shown that RA induces PSC deactivation which reduces extracellular matrix production through multiple modes of action, such as inhibiting TβRⅡ, PDGFRβ, β-catenin and Wnt production, downregulating ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation and suppressing active TGF-β1 release. RA alone or in combination with other reagents have been demonstrated to have an effective anti-fibrotic effect on cerulein-induced mouse CP models in vivo studies. Clinical trial data have shown that repurposing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as a stromal-targeting agent for human pancreatic cancer is safe and tolerable, suggesting the possibility of using RA for the treatment of CP and PDCA in humans. This review focuses on RA signaling pathways in PSCs and the effects and mechanisms of RA in PSC-mediated fibrogenesis as well as the anti-fibrotic and anti-tumor effects of RA targeting PSCs or CAFs in vitro and in vivo, highlighting the potential therapies of RA against CP and PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meifang Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhang Gao
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - David R Brigstock
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Runping Gao
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pazos-Pérez A, Piñeiro-Ramil M, Franco-Trepat E, Alonso-Pérez A, Guillán-Fresco M, Crespo-Golmar A, López-Fagúndez M, Aranda JC, Bravo SB, Jorge-Mora A, Gómez R. The Hepatokine RBP4 Links Metabolic Diseases to Articular Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:124. [PMID: 38275649 PMCID: PMC10812991 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the role of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) in an articular context. RBP4, a vitamin A transporter, is linked to various metabolic diseases. METHODS Synovial fluid RBP4 levels were assessed in crystalline arthritis (CA) patients using ELISA. RBP4's impact on articular cell types was analysed in vitro through RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Proteomic analysis was conducted on primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes (hOACs). RESULTS Synovial fluid RBP4 concentrations in CA patients correlated positively with glucose levels and negatively with synovial leukocyte count and were elevated in hypertensive patients. In vitro, these RBP4 concentrations activated neutrophils, induced the expression of inflammatory factors in hOACs as well as synoviocytes, and triggered proteomic changes consistent with inflammation. Moreover, they increased catabolism and decreased anabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and glycolysis promotion. Both in silico and in vitro experiments suggested that RBP4 acts through TLR4. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies relevant RBP4 concentrations in CA patients' synovial fluids, linking them to hypertensive patients with a metabolic disruption. Evidence is provided that RBP4 acts as a DAMP at these concentrations, inducing robust inflammatory, catabolic, chemotactic, and metabolic responses in chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and neutrophils. These effects may explain RBP4-related metabolic diseases' contribution to joint destruction in various rheumatic conditions like CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pazos-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Piñeiro-Ramil
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Antía Crespo-Golmar
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Miriam López-Fagúndez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Javier Conde Aranda
- Molecular and Cellular Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Susana Belen Bravo
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lim JY, Kim E. The Role of Organokines in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes and Their Functions as Molecular Transducers of Nutrition and Exercise. Metabolites 2023; 13:979. [PMID: 37755259 PMCID: PMC10537761 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13090979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining systemic homeostasis requires the coordination of different organs and tissues in the body. Our bodies rely on complex inter-organ communications to adapt to perturbations or changes in metabolic homeostasis. Consequently, the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues produce and secrete specific organokines such as hepatokines, myokines, and adipokines in response to nutritional and environmental stimuli. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of the interplay of organokines between organs is associated with the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Strategies aimed at remodeling organokines may be effective therapeutic interventions. Diet modification and exercise have been established as the first-line therapeutic intervention to prevent or treat metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge on organokines secreted by the liver, muscle, and adipose tissues in obesity and T2D. Additionally, we highlighted the effects of diet/nutrition and exercise on the remodeling of organokines in obesity and T2D. Specifically, we investigated the ameliorative effects of caloric restriction, selective nutrients including ω3 PUFAs, selenium, vitamins, and metabolites of vitamins, and acute/chronic exercise on the dysregulation of organokines in obesity and T2D. Finally, this study dissected the underlying molecular mechanisms by which nutrition and exercise regulate the expression and secretion of organokines in specific tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ye Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang S, Zhang J, Zhou H, Lu YC, Jin X, Luo L, You J. The role of protein corona on nanodrugs for organ-targeting and its prospects of application. J Control Release 2023; 360:15-43. [PMID: 37328008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nanodrugs become a hotspot in the high-end medical field. They have the ability to deliver drugs to reach their destination more effectively due to their unique properties and flexible functionalization. However, the fate of nanodrugs in vivo is not the same as those presented in vitro, which indeed influenced their therapeutic efficacy in vivo. When entering the biological organism, nanodrugs will first come into contact with biological fluids and then be covered by some biomacromolecules, especially proteins. The proteins adsorbed on the surface of nanodrugs are known as protein corona (PC), which causes the loss of prospective organ-targeting abilities. Fortunately, the reasonable utilization of PC may determine the organ-targeting efficiency of systemically administered nanodrugs based on the diverse expression of receptors on cells in different organs. In addition, the nanodrugs for local administration targeting diverse lesion sites will also form unique PC, which plays an important role in the therapeutic effect of nanodrugs. This article introduced the formation of PC on the surface of nanodrugs and summarized the recent studies about the roles of diversified proteins adsorbed on nanodrugs and relevant protein for organ-targeting receptor through different administration pathways, which may deepen our understanding of the role that PC played on organ-targeting and improve the therapeutic efficacy of nanodrugs to promote their clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Huanli Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Yi Chao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Xizhi Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China; Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hawkins MR, Wingert RA. Zebrafish as a Model to Study Retinoic Acid Signaling in Development and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041180. [PMID: 37189798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) that plays various roles in development to influence differentiation, patterning, and organogenesis. RA also serves as a crucial homeostatic regulator in adult tissues. The role of RA and its associated pathways are well conserved from zebrafish to humans in both development and disease. This makes the zebrafish a natural model for further interrogation into the functions of RA and RA-associated maladies for the sake of basic research, as well as human health. In this review, we explore both foundational and recent studies using zebrafish as a translational model for investigating RA from the molecular to the organismal scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Hawkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Rebecca A Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Warren Center for Drug Discovery, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan X, Xie C, Hill DRA, Barrow CJ, Dunshea FR, Martin GJO, Suleria HA. Bioaccessibility, Bioavailability and Bioactivities of Carotenoids in Microalgae: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2165095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Duan
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cundong Xie
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David R. A. Hill
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gregory J. O. Martin
- Algal Processing Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hafiz A.R. Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reboul E. Proteins involved in fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid transport across the intestinal cells: New insights from the past decade. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 89:101208. [PMID: 36493998 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established that vitamins D, E, and K and carotenoids are not absorbed solely through passive diffusion. Broad-specificity membrane transporters such as SR-BI (scavenger receptor class B type I), CD36 (CD36 molecule), NPC1L1 (Niemann Pick C1-like 1) or ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette A1) are involved in the uptake of these micronutrients from the lumen to the enterocyte cytosol and in their secretion into the bloodstream. Recently, the existence of efflux pathways from the enterocyte back to the lumen or from the bloodstream to the lumen, involving ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein/MDR1) or the ABCG5/ABCG8 complex, has also been evidenced for vitamins D and K. Surprisingly, no membrane proteins have been involved in dietary vitamin A uptake so far. After an overview of the metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids along the gastrointestinal tract (from the mouth to the colon where interactions with microbiota may occur), a focus is placed on the identified and candidate proteins participating in the apical uptake, intracellular transport, basolateral secretion and efflux back to the lumen of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in enterocytes. This review also highlights the mechanisms that remain to be identified to fully unravel the pathways involved in fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid intestinal absorption.
Collapse
|
11
|
Radhakrishnan R, Leung M, Solanki AK, Lobo GP. Mapping of the extracellular RBP4 ligand binding domain on the RBPR2 receptor for Vitamin A transport. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1105657. [PMID: 36910150 PMCID: PMC9992173 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1105657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of dietary vitamin A/all-trans retinol/ROL throughout the body is critical for maintaining retinoid function in peripheral tissues and for retinoid delivery to the eye in the support of visual function. In the circulation, all-trans-retinol bound to the RBP4 protein is transported and sequestered into target tissues for long-term storage. Two membrane receptors that facilitate all-trans retinol uptake from RBP4 have been proposed. While it is well established that the membrane receptor, STRA6, binds to circulatory RBP4 for ROL transport into the eye, the second vitamin A receptor, RBPR2, which is expressed in non-ocular tissues, is less characterized. Based on the structural homology between these two RBP4 receptors, published literature, and from our recent work in Rbpr2 -/- deficient mice, we hypothesized that RBPR2 might also have high-binding affinity for RBP4 and this mechanism facilitates ROL transport. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the membrane topology and putative RBP4 binding residues on RBPR2 to understand its physiological function for retinoid homeostasis. Using in silico analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a potential RBP4 binding domain on RBPR2. We employed an in vitro cell-based system and confirmed that mutations of these residues on RBPR2 affected its binding to exogenous RBP4 and subsequently vitamin A uptake. Using Surface Plasmon Resonance assays, we analyzed both the binding affinities and kinetic parameters of wild-type RBPR2 and individual mutants affecting the RBPR2-RBP4 binding domain with its physiological ligand RBP4. These studies not only revealed a putative RBP4 binding domain on RBPR2 but also provided new structural, biochemical, and critical information on its proposed role in RBP4 binding for ROL transport and retinoid homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Radhakrishnan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Matthias Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ashish K Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Glenn P Lobo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Steinhoff JS, Wagner C, Taschler U, Wulff S, Kiefer MF, Petricek KM, Wowro SJ, Oster M, Flores RE, Yang N, Li C, Meng Y, Sommerfeld M, Weger S, Henze A, Raila J, Lass A, Schupp M. Acute retinol mobilization by retinol-binding protein 4 in mouse liver induces fibroblast growth factor 21 expression. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100268. [PMID: 36030930 PMCID: PMC9493389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes secrete retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) into circulation, thereby mobilizing vitamin A from the liver to provide retinol for extrahepatic tissues. Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with elevated RBP4 levels in the blood. However, in a previous study, we observed that chronically increased RBP4 by forced Rbp4 expression in the liver does not impair glucose homeostasis in mice. Here, we investigated the effects of an acute mobilization of hepatic vitamin A stores by hepatic overexpression of RBP4 in mice. We show that hepatic retinol mobilization decreases body fat content and enhances fat turnover. Mechanistically, we found that acute retinol mobilization increases hepatic expression and serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which is regulated by retinol mobilization and retinoic acid in primary hepatocytes. Moreover, we provide evidence that the insulin-sensitizing effect of FGF21 is associated with organ-specific adaptations in retinoid homeostasis. Taken together, our findings identify a novel crosstalk between retinoid homeostasis and FGF21 in mice with acute RBP4-mediated retinol mobilization from the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Steinhoff
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Wagner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Taschler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sascha Wulff
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie F Kiefer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin M Petricek
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia J Wowro
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Oster
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberto E Flores
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Na Yang
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chen Li
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yueming Meng
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Sommerfeld
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Weger
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Henze
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Halle, Germany; Junior Research Group ProAID, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jens Raila
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vitamin A in Skin and Hair: An Update. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142952. [PMID: 35889909 PMCID: PMC9324272 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient necessary for the growth of healthy skin and hair. However, both too little and too much vitamin A has deleterious effects. Retinoic acid and retinal are the main active metabolites of vitamin A. Retinoic acid dose-dependently regulates hair follicle stem cells, influencing the functioning of the hair cycle, wound healing, and melanocyte stem cells. Retinoic acid also influences melanocyte differentiation and proliferation in a dose-dependent and temporal manner. Levels of retinoids decline when exposed to ultraviolet irradiation in the skin. Retinal is necessary for the phototransduction cascade that initiates melanogenesis but the source of that retinal is currently unknown. This review discusses new research on retinoids and their effects on the skin and hair.
Collapse
|
14
|
Bi G, Liang J, Bian Y, Shan G, Besskaya V, Wang Q, Zhan C. The immunomodulatory role of all-trans retinoic acid in tumor microenvironment. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00860-x. [PMID: 35829844 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Retinoids are essential nutrients for human beings. Among them, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), considered one of the most active metabolites, plays important roles in multiple biological processes. ATRA regulates the transcription of target genes by interacting with nuclear receptors bonded to retinoic acid response elements (RAREs). Besides its differentiation-inducing effect in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and some solid tumor types, its immunoregulatory role in tumor microenvironment (TME) has attracted considerable attention. ATRA not only substantially abrogates the immunosuppressive effect of tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells but also activates the anti-tumor effect of CD8 + T cells. Notably, the combination of ATRA with other therapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, and chemotherapy, has been extensively investigated in a variety of tumor models and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of ATRA in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, dissect the underlying mechanisms of ATRA-mediated activation or differentiation of different types of immune cells, and explore the potential clinical significance of ATRA-based cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunyi Bian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyao Shan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Valeria Besskaya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Z, Ru X, Wang S, Cao G. miR-24-3p regulation of retinol binding protein 4 in trophoblast biofunction and preeclampsia. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:423-430. [PMID: 35818817 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disease and is the leading cause of overall maternal mortality and morbidity. Our previous studies have shown that the serum and placental levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in PE are reduced. Our previous bioinformatics analysis predicted that RBP4 is a target of the microRNA miRNA-24-3p. In this study, our database analysis also indicated that RBP4 is a miR-24-3p target. Compared with that of the normal placenta, the expression level of RBP4 in human PE placenta was significantly reduced, and miR-24-3p was highly expressed. In HTR-8/SVneo cells, transfection of exogenous miR-24-3p reduced RBP4 expression. A dual-luciferase reporter assay validated RBP4 as a direct target of miR-24-3p, indicating that it directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region of RBP4. This binding was reversed by a mutation in the microRNA-binding site. Transwell invasion experiments and CCK8 assay showed that inhibitory effect of miR-24-3p reduced RBP4 mediated HTR-8/SVneo cell invasion and proliferation. These data provide a new overarching perspective on the physiological role played by miR-24-3p in regulating RBP4 during trophoblast dysfunction and PE development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangming Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The impact of vitamin A supplementation on thyroid function and insulin sensitivity: implication of deiodinases and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in male Wistar rats. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:4091-4105. [PMID: 35804266 PMCID: PMC9596568 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Vitamin A is an essential nutrient with vital biological functions. The present study investigated the effect of different doses of vitamin A palmitate at different time intervals on thyroid hormones and glycemic markers. Methods Male rats were administrated vitamin A palmitate at different doses (0, 0.7, 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 mg/kg, oral) and samples were collected at different time intervals of 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The levels of vitamin A, thyroid hormones (T3, T4, and TSH), deiodinases (Dio1 and Dio3), glycemic markers (blood insulin and fasting glucose levels, HOMA IR and HOMA β), retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and the gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) were measured. Results The findings demonstrated that long-term supplementation with high doses of vitamin A palmitate resulted in hypothyroidism (lower T3 and T4 levels and elevated TSH levels) as well as upregulation of Dio1 and Dio3 expression levels. This effect was associated with elevated glucose and insulin levels, enhanced HOMA IR, and decreased HOMA B index. In addition, prolonged vitamin A supplementation significantly increased RBP4 levels that upregulated the expression of PEPCK. Conclusion High doses of vitamin A supplementation increased the risk of hypothyroidism, modulated insulin sensitivity, and over a long period, increased the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with oxidative stress and hepatitis.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mice Lacking the Systemic Vitamin A Receptor RBPR2 Show Decreased Ocular Retinoids and Loss of Visual Function. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122371. [PMID: 35745101 PMCID: PMC9231411 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This work represents an initial evaluation of the second RBP4-vitamin A receptor RBPR2 in a mammalian model. We provide evidence that the membrane localized RBPR2 protein, under variable conditions of dietary vitamin A intake, plays an important role for dietary vitamin A transport to the eye for ocular retinoid homeostasis and visual function. These findings are of general interest, as disturbances in blood and ocular vitamin A homeostasis are linked to retinal degenerative diseases, which are blinding diseases. The animal model described here could also serve as an in vivo tool to study mechanisms related to retinal cell degeneration that are associated with vitamin A deficiency. Abstract The systemic transport of dietary vitamin A/all-trans retinol bound to RBP4 into peripheral tissues for storage is an essential physiological process that continuously provides visual chromophore precursors to the retina under fasting conditions. This mechanism is critical for phototransduction, photoreceptor cell maintenance and survival, and in the support of visual function. While the membrane receptor STRA6 facilitates the blood transport of lipophilic vitamin A into the eye, it is not expressed in most peripheral organs, which are proposed to express a second membrane receptor for the uptake of vitamin A from circulating RBP4. The discovery of a novel vitamin A receptor, RBPR2, which is expressed in the liver and intestine, but not in the eye, alluded to this long-sort non-ocular membrane receptor for systemic RBP4-ROL uptake and transport. We have previously shown in zebrafish that the retinol-binding protein receptor 2 (Rbpr2) plays an important role in the transport of yolk vitamin A to the eye. Mutant rbpr2 zebrafish lines manifested in decreased ocular retinoid concentrations and retinal phenotypes. To investigate a physiological role for the second vitamin A receptor, RBPR2, in mammals and to analyze the metabolic basis of systemic vitamin A transport for retinoid homeostasis, we established a whole-body Rbpr2 knockout mouse (Rbpr2−/−) model. These mice were viable on both vitamin A-sufficient and -deficient diets. Rbpr2−/− mice that were fed a vitamin A-sufficient diet displayed lower ocular retinoid levels, decreased opsins, and manifested in decrease visual function, as measured by electroretinography. Interestingly, when Rbpr2−/− mice were fed a vitamin A-deficient diet, they additionally showed shorter photoreceptor outer segment phenotypes, altogether manifesting in a significant loss of visual function. Thus, under conditions replicating vitamin A sufficiency and deficiency, our analyses revealed that RBPR2-mediated systemic vitamin A transport is a regulated process that is important for vitamin A delivery to the eye when RBP4-bound ROL is the only transport pathway in the fasting condition or under vitamin A deficiency conditions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Moon J, Ramkumar S, von Lintig J. Genetic dissection in mice reveals a dynamic crosstalk between the delivery pathways of vitamin A. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100215. [PMID: 35452666 PMCID: PMC9142562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is distributed within the body to support chromophore synthesis in the eyes and retinoid signaling in most other tissues. Two pathways exist for the delivery of vitamin A: the extrinsic pathway transports dietary vitamin A in lipoproteins from intestinal enterocytes to tissues, while the intrinsic pathway distributes vitamin A from hepatic stores bound to serum retinol-binding protein. Previously, the transcription factor ISX and the retinol binding protein receptor STRA6 were identified as gatekeepers of these pathways; however, it is not clear how mutations in the corresponding genes affect retinoid homeostasis. Here, we used a genetic dissection approach in mice to examine the contributions of these proteins in select tissues. We observed that ISX-deficiency increased utilization of both preformed and pro-vitamin A. We found that increased storage of retinoids in peripheral tissues of ISX-deficient mice was dependent on STRA6 and induced by retinoid signaling. In addition, double mutant mice exhibited a partial rescue of the Stra6 mutant ocular phenotype. This rescue came at the expense of a massive accumulation of vitamin A in other tissues, demonstrating that vitamin A is randomly distributed when present in excessive amounts. Remarkably, pro-vitamin A supplementation of mutant mice induced the expression of the retinol-binding protein receptor 2 in the liver and was accompanied by increased hepatic retinyl ester stores. Taken together, these findings indicate dynamic crosstalk between the delivery pathways for this essential nutrient and suggest that hepatic reuptake of vitamin A takes place when excessive amounts circulate in the blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Srinivasagan Ramkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
O’Connor C, Varshosaz P, Moise AR. Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061312. [PMID: 35334970 PMCID: PMC8950952 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites, vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and repair of adult tissues. Abnormal tissue levels of the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, can result in detrimental effects which can include congenital defects, immune deficiencies, proliferative defects, and toxicity. For this reason, intricate feedback mechanisms have evolved to allow tissues to generate appropriate levels of active retinoid metabolites despite variations in the level and format, or in the absorption and conversion efficiency of dietary vitamin A precursors. Here, we review basic mechanisms that govern vitamin A signaling and metabolism, and we focus on retinoic acid-controlled feedback mechanisms that contribute to vitamin A homeostasis. Several approaches to investigate mechanistic details of the vitamin A homeostatic regulation using genomic, gene editing, and chromatin capture technologies are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine O’Connor
- MD Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, 317-MSE Bldg., 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - Parisa Varshosaz
- Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Ph.D. Program, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - Alexander R. Moise
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, 317-MSE Bldg., 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-705-662-7253
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Steinhoff JS, Lass A, Schupp M. Retinoid Homeostasis and Beyond: How Retinol Binding Protein 4 Contributes to Health and Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:1236. [PMID: 35334893 PMCID: PMC8951293 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is the specific transport protein of the lipophilic vitamin A, retinol, in blood. Circulating RBP4 originates from the liver. It is secreted by hepatocytes after it has been loaded with retinol and binding to transthyretin (TTR). TTR association prevents renal filtration due to the formation of a higher molecular weight complex. In the circulation, RBP4 binds to specific membrane receptors, thereby delivering retinol to target cells, rendering liver-secreted RBP4 the major mechanism to distribute hepatic vitamin A stores to extrahepatic tissues. In particular, binding of RBP4 to 'stimulated by retinoic acid 6' (STRA6) is required to balance tissue retinoid responses in a highly homeostatic manner. Consequently, defects/mutations in RBP4 can cause a variety of conditions and diseases due to dysregulated retinoid homeostasis and cover embryonic development, vision, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases. Aside from the effects related to retinol transport, non-canonical functions of RBP4 have also been reported. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the regulation and function of RBP4 in health and disease derived from murine models and human mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Steinhoff
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal (CMR)-Research Center, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 31/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal (CMR)-Research Center, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang J, Hu X, Chen J, Wang T, Huang X, Chen G. The Extraction of β-Carotene from Microalgae for Testing Their Health Benefits. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040502. [PMID: 35205979 PMCID: PMC8871089 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-carotene, a member of the carotenoid family, is a provitamin A, and can be converted into vitamin A (retinol), which plays essential roles in the regulation of physiological functions in animal bodies. Microalgae synthesize a variety of carotenoids including β-carotene and are a rich source of natural β-carotene. This has attracted the attention of researchers in academia and the biotech industry. Methods to enrich or purify β-carotene from microalgae have been investigated, and experiments to understand the biological functions of microalgae products containing β-carotene have been conducted. To better understand the use of microalgae to produce β-carotene and other carotenoids, we have searched PubMed in August 2021 for the recent studies that are focused on microalgae carotenoid content, the extraction methods to produce β-carotene from microalgae, and the bioactivities of β-carotene from microalgae. Articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals were identified, screened, and summarized here. So far, various types and amounts of carotenoids have been identified and extracted in different types of microalgae. Diverse methods have been developed overtime to extract β-carotene efficiently and practically from microalgae for mass production. It appears that methods have been developed to simplify the steps and extract β-carotene directly and efficiently. Multiple studies have shown that extracts or whole organism of microalgae containing β-carotene have activities to promote lifespan in lab animals and reduce oxidative stress in culture cells, etc. Nevertheless, more studies are warranted to study the health benefits and functional mechanisms of β-carotene in these microalgae extracts, which may benefit human and animal health in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xinge Hu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (X.H.); (T.W.)
| | - Junbin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
| | - Tiannan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (X.H.); (T.W.)
| | - Xianju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China; (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Guoxun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (X.H.); (T.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-865-974-6257
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Friend or foe for obesity: how hepatokines remodel adipose tissues and translational perspective. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
23
|
Bozhkov A, Ionov I, Kurhuzova N, Novikova A, Katerynych О, Akzhyhitov R. Vitamin A intake forms resistance to hypervitaminosis A and affects the functional activity of the liver. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
24
|
Ruohonen ST, Gaytan F, Usseglio Gaudi A, Velasco I, Kukoricza K, Perdices-Lopez C, Franssen D, Guler I, Mehmood A, Elo LL, Ohlsson C, Poutanen M, Tena-Sempere M. Selective loss of kisspeptin signaling in oocytes causes progressive premature ovulatory failure. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:806-821. [PMID: 35037941 PMCID: PMC8971646 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does direct kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte have a role in the control of follicular dynamics and ovulation? SUMMARY ANSWER Kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte plays a relevant physiological role in the direct control of ovulation; oocyte-specific ablation of kisspeptin receptor, Gpr54, induces a state of premature ovulatory failure in mice that recapitulates some features of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Kisspeptins, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, are essential for the control of ovulation and fertility, acting primarily on hypothalamic GnRH neurons to stimulate gonadotropin secretion. However, kisspeptins and their receptor, Gpr54, are also expressed in the ovary of different mammalian species, including humans, where their physiological roles remain contentious and poorly characterized. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A novel mouse line with conditional ablation of Gpr54 in oocytes, named OoGpr54−/−, was generated and studied in terms of follicular and ovulatory dynamics at different age-points of postnatal maturation. A total of 59 OoGpr54−/− mice and 47 corresponding controls were analyzed. In addition, direct RNA sequencing was applied to ovarian samples from 8 OoGpr54−/− and 7 control mice at 6 months of age, and gonadotropin priming for ovulatory induction was conducted in mice (N = 7) from both genotypes. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Oocyte-selective ablation of Gpr54 in the oocyte was achieved in vivo by crossing a Gdf9-driven Cre-expressing transgenic mouse line with a Gpr54 LoxP mouse line. The resulting OoGpr54−/− mouse line was subjected to phenotypic, histological, hormonal and molecular analyses at different age-points of postnatal maturation (Day 45, and 2, 4, 6 and 10–11 months of age), in order to characterize the timing of puberty, ovarian follicular dynamics and ovulation, with particular attention to identification of features reminiscent of POI. The molecular signature of ovaries from OoGpr54−/− mice was defined by direct RNA sequencing. Ovulatory responses to gonadotropin priming were also assessed in OoGpr54−/− mice. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Oocyte-specific ablation of Gpr54 caused premature ovulatory failure, with some POI-like features. OoGpr54−/− mice had preserved puberty onset, without signs of hypogonadism. However, already at 2 months of age, 40% of OoGpr54−/− females showed histological features reminiscent of ovarian failure and anovulation. Penetrance of the phenotype progressed with age, with >80% and 100% of OoGpr54−/− females displaying complete ovulatory failure by 6- and 10 months, respectively. This occurred despite unaltered hypothalamic Gpr54 expression and gonadotropin levels. Yet, OoGpr54−/− mice had decreased sex steroid levels. While the RNA signature of OoGpr54−/− ovaries was dominated by the anovulatory state, oocyte-specific ablation of Gpr54 significantly up- or downregulated of a set of 21 genes, including those encoding pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, Wnt-10B, matrix-metalloprotease-12, vitamin A-related factors and calcium-activated chloride channel-2, which might contribute to the POI-like state. Notably, the anovulatory state of young OoGpr54−/− mice could be rescued by gonadotropin priming. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Conditional ablation of Gpr54 in oocytes unambiguously caused premature ovulatory failure in mice; yet, the ultimate molecular mechanisms for such state of POI can be only inferred on the basis of RNAseq data and need further elucidation, since some of the molecular changes observed in OoGpr54−/− ovaries were secondary to the anovulatory state. Direct translation of mouse findings to human disease should be made with caution since, despite the conserved expression of Kiss1/kisspeptin and Gpr54 in rodents and humans, our mouse model does not recapitulate all features of common forms of POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Deregulation of kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte might be an underlying, and previously unnoticed, cause for some forms of POI in women. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was primarily supported by a grant to M.P. and M.T.-S. from the FiDiPro (Finnish Distinguished Professor) Program of the Academy of Finland. Additional financial support came from grant BFU2017-83934-P (M.T.-S.; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain; co-funded with EU funds/FEDER Program), research funds from the IVIRMA International Award in Reproductive Medicine (M.T.-S.), and EFSD Albert Renold Fellowship Programme (S.T.R.). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare in relation to the contents of this work. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvi T Ruohonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Turku, Finland
| | - Francisco Gaytan
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Andrea Usseglio Gaudi
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Inmaculada Velasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Krisztina Kukoricza
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Program, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Perdices-Lopez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Delphine Franssen
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ipek Guler
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Arfa Mehmood
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Turku, Finland.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Маркова ТН, Мищенко НК, Петина ДВ. [Adipocytokines: modern definition, classification and physiological role]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2021; 68:73-80. [PMID: 35262298 PMCID: PMC9761877 DOI: 10.14341/probl12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which produces a large number of secretory bioactive substances also known as adipocytokines affecting directly insulin resistance (IR), glucose and lipid metabolism, angiogenesis and inflammation. The studies show a close connection between the imbalance of adipocytokines formed as a result of excessive deposit of adipose tissue in the course of the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. In the present review, we summarize current data on the effect of the adipocytokines on the liver, skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, endothelial cells and inflammatory processes, as well as attempt to define the term «adipocytokines» and classify adipocytokines according to their influence on metabolic processes and pro-inflammatory status. Some of adipocytokines (adiponectin, omentin, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) are divided into two groups: adipocytokines reducing IR, and adipocytokines increasing IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Т. Н. Маркова
- Городская клиническая больница №52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы;
Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова
| | - Н. К. Мищенко
- Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова
| | - Д. В. Петина
- Городская клиническая больница №52 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Martin Ask N, Leung M, Radhakrishnan R, Lobo GP. Vitamin A Transporters in Visual Function: A Mini Review on Membrane Receptors for Dietary Vitamin A Uptake, Storage, and Transport to the Eye. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113987. [PMID: 34836244 PMCID: PMC8620617 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are essential compounds obtained through diet that are necessary for normal development and function in an organism. One of the most important vitamins for human physiology is vitamin A, a group of retinoid compounds and carotenoids, which generally function as a mediator for cell growth, differentiation, immunity, and embryonic development, as well as serving as a key component in the phototransduction cycle in the vertebrate retina. For humans, vitamin A is obtained through the diet, where provitamin A carotenoids such as β-carotene from plants or preformed vitamin A such as retinyl esters from animal sources are absorbed into the body via the small intestine and converted into all-trans retinol within the intestinal enterocytes. Specifically, once absorbed, carotenoids are cleaved by carotenoid cleavage oxygenases (CCOs), such as Beta-carotene 15,15’-monooxygenase (BCO1), to produce all-trans retinal that subsequently gets converted into all-trans retinol. CRBP2 bound retinol is then converted into retinyl esters (REs) by the enzyme lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in the endoplasmic reticulum, which is then packaged into chylomicrons and sent into the bloodstream for storage in hepatic stellate cells in the liver or for functional use in peripheral tissues such as the retina. All-trans retinol also travels through the bloodstream bound to retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), where it enters cells with the assistance of the transmembrane transporters, stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6) in peripheral tissues or retinol binding protein 4 receptor 2 (RBPR2) in systemic tissues (e.g., in the retina and the liver, respectively). Much is known about the intake, metabolism, storage, and function of vitamin A compounds, especially with regard to its impact on eye development and visual function in the retinoid cycle. However, there is much to learn about the role of vitamin A as a transcription factor in development and cell growth, as well as how peripheral cells signal hepatocytes to secrete all-trans retinol into the blood for peripheral cell use. This article aims to review literature regarding the major known pathways of vitamin A intake from dietary sources into hepatocytes, vitamin A excretion by hepatocytes, as well as vitamin A usage within the retinoid cycle in the RPE and retina to provide insight on future directions of novel membrane transporters for vitamin A in retinal cell physiology and visual function.
Collapse
|
27
|
Adipose-Derived Lipid-Binding Proteins: The Good, the Bad and the Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910460. [PMID: 34638803 PMCID: PMC8508731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue releases a large range of bioactive factors called adipokines, many of which are involved in inflammation, glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Under pathological conditions such as obesity, most of the adipokines are upregulated and considered as deleterious, due to their pro-inflammatory, pro-atherosclerotic or pro-diabetic properties, while only a few are downregulated and would be designated as beneficial adipokines, thanks to their counteracting properties against the onset of comorbidities. This review focuses on six adipose-derived lipid-binding proteins that have emerged as key factors in the development of obesity and diabetes: Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), Apolipoprotein D (APOD), Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), Lipocalin-14 (LCN14) and Apolipoprotein M (APOM). These proteins share structural homology and capacity to bind small hydrophobic molecules but display opposite effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. RBP4 and FABP4 are positively associated with metabolic syndrome, while APOD and LCN2 are ubiquitously expressed proteins with deleterious or beneficial effects, depending on their anatomical site of expression. LCN14 and APOM have been recently identified as adipokines associated with healthy metabolism. Recent findings on these lipid-binding proteins exhibiting detrimental or protective roles in human and murine metabolism and their involvement in metabolic diseases are also discussed.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bang YJ, Hu Z, Li Y, Gattu S, Ruhn KA, Raj P, Herz J, Hooper LV. Serum amyloid A delivers retinol to intestinal myeloid cells to promote adaptive immunity. Science 2021; 373:eabf9232. [PMID: 34529485 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf9232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Ji Bang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zehan Hu
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sureka Gattu
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kelly A Ruhn
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lora V Hooper
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schmeisser J, Verlhac-Trichet V, Madaro A, Lall SP, Torrissen O, Olsen RE. Molecular Mechanism Involved in Carotenoid Metabolism in Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon: Astaxanthin Metabolism During Flesh Pigmentation and Its Antioxidant Properties. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:653-670. [PMID: 34417678 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of carotenoid dynamics (transport, absorption, metabolism, and deposition) is essential to develop a better strategy to improve astaxanthin (Ax) retention in muscle of Atlantic salmon. To achieve that, a comparison of post-smolt salmon with (+ Ax) or without (- Ax) dietary Ax supplementation was established based on a transcriptomic approach targeting pyloric, hepatic, and muscular tissues. Results in post-smolts showed that the pyloric caeca transcriptome is more sensitive to dietary Ax supplementation compared to the other tissues. Key genes sensitive to Ax supplementation could be identified, such as cd36 in pylorus, agr2 in liver, or fbp1 in muscle. The most modulated genes in pylorus were related to absorption but also metabolism of Ax. Additionally, genes linked to upstream regulation of the ferroptosis pathway were significantly modulated in liver, evoking the involvement of Ax as an antioxidant in this process. Finally, the muscle seemed to be less impacted by dietary Ax supplementation, except for genes related to actin remodelling and glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, the transcriptome data generated from this study showed that Ax dynamics in Atlantic salmon is characterized by a high metabolism during absorption at pyloric caeca level. In liver, a link with a potential of ferroptosis process appears likely via cellular lipid peroxidation. Our data provide insights into a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in dietary Ax supplementation, as well as its beneficial effects in preventing oxidative stress and related inflammation in muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Schmeisser
- DSM Nutritional Products - Research Centre of Animal Nutrition and Health, 68305, Saint-Louis Cedex, France.
| | - Viviane Verlhac-Trichet
- DSM Nutritional Products - Research Centre of Animal Nutrition and Health, 68305, Saint-Louis Cedex, France
| | - Angelico Madaro
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
| | - Santosh P Lall
- Retired From National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ole Torrissen
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
| | - Rolf Erik Olsen
- Institute of Marine Research, Animal Welfare Science Group, 5984, Matredal, Norway
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gokulakrishnan K, Pandey GK, Sathishkumar C, Sundararajan S, Durairaj P, Manickam N, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M. Augmentation of RBP4/STRA6 signaling leads to insulin resistance and inflammation and the plausible therapeutic role of vildagliptin and metformin. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4093-4106. [PMID: 34041677 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A role of Retinol Binding Protein-4 (RBP4) in insulin resistance is widely studied. However, there is paucity of information on its receptor viz., Stimulated by Retinoic Acid-6 (STRA6) with insulin resistance. To address this, we investigated the regulation of RBP4/STRA6 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to glucolipotoxicity (GLT) and in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from high fat diet (HFD) fed insulin-resistant rats. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were subjected to GLT and other experimental maneuvers with and without vildagliptin or metformin. Real-time PCR and western-blot experiments were performed to analyze RBP4, STRA6, PPARγ gene and protein expression. Adipored staining and glucose uptake assay were performed to evaluate lipid and glucose metabolism. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) were performed to determine the extent of insulin resistance in HFD fed male Wistar rats. Total serum RBP4 was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Adipocytes under GLT exhibited significantly increased RBP4/STRA6 expressions and decreased insulin sensitivity/glucose uptake. Vildagliptin and metformin not only restored the above but also decreased the expression of IL-6, NFκB, SOCS-3 along with lipid accumulation. Furthermore, HFD fed rats exhibited significantly increased serum levels of RBP4 along with VAT expression of RBP4, STRA6, PPARγ, IL-6. These molecules were significantly altered by the vildagliptin/ metformin treatment. We conclude that RBP4/STRA6 pathway is primarily involved in mediating inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes and visceral adipose tissues under glucolipotoxicity and in insulin resistant rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuppan Gokulakrishnan
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029, India. .,Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.
| | - Gautam Kumar Pandey
- Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27514, USA
| | - Chandrakumar Sathishkumar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Saravanakumar Sundararajan
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Prabhu Durairaj
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences (MHS), SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - Nagaraj Manickam
- Department of Vascular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Research Biochemistry, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India
| | - Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Gopalapuram, Chennai, 600086, India.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences (MHS), SRM Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Carazo A, Macáková K, Matoušová K, Krčmová LK, Protti M, Mladěnka P. Vitamin A Update: Forms, Sources, Kinetics, Detection, Function, Deficiency, Therapeutic Use and Toxicity. Nutrients 2021; 13:1703. [PMID: 34069881 PMCID: PMC8157347 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is a group of vital micronutrients widely present in the human diet. Animal-based products are a rich source of the retinyl ester form of the vitamin, while vegetables and fruits contain carotenoids, most of which are provitamin A. Vitamin A plays a key role in the correct functioning of multiple physiological functions. The human organism can metabolize natural forms of vitamin A and provitamin A into biologically active forms (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid), which interact with multiple molecular targets, including nuclear receptors, opsin in the retina and, according to the latest research, also some enzymes. In this review, we aim to provide a complex view on the present knowledge about vitamin A ranging from its sources through its physiological functions to consequences of its deficiency and metabolic fate up to possible pharmacological administration and potential toxicity. Current analytical methods used for its detection in real samples are included as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Carazo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Kateřina Macáková
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Kateřina Matoušová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (K.M.); (L.K.K.)
| | - Lenka Kujovská Krčmová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (K.M.); (L.K.K.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michele Protti
- The Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nikanfar S, Oghbaei H, Rastgar Rezaei Y, Zarezadeh R, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Nejabati HR, Bahrami Z, Bleisinger N, Samadi N, Fattahi A, Nouri M, Dittrich R. Role of adipokines in the ovarian function: Oogenesis and steroidogenesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105852. [PMID: 33610800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines are mainly produced by adipose tissue; however, their expression has been reported in other organs including female reproductive tissues. Therefore, adipokines have opened new avenues of research in female fertility. In this regard, studies reported different roles for certain adipokines in ovarian function, although the role of other recently identified adipokines is still controversial. It seems that adipokines are essential for normal ovarian function and their abnormal levels could be associated with ovarian-related disorders. The objective of this study is to review the available information regarding the role of adipokines in ovarian functions including follicular development, oogenesis and steroidogenesis and also their involvement in ovary-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Nikanfar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Oghbaei
- Department of Physiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Rastgar Rezaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahrami
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nathalie Bleisinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen, Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Naser Samadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen, Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ralf Dittrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen, Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bogdanet D, Reddin C, Murphy D, Doheny HC, Halperin JA, Dunne F, O’Shea PM. Emerging Protein Biomarkers for the Diagnosis or Prediction of Gestational Diabetes-A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071533. [PMID: 33917484 PMCID: PMC8038821 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GDM), defined as hyperglycemia with onset or initial recognition during pregnancy, has a rising prevalence paralleling the rise in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity. GDM is associated with short-term and long-term consequences for both mother and child. Therefore, it is crucial we efficiently identify all cases and initiate early treatment, reducing fetal exposure to hyperglycemia and reducing GDM-related adverse pregnancy outcomes. For this reason, GDM screening is recommended as part of routine pregnancy care. The current screening method, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), is a lengthy, cumbersome and inconvenient test with poor reproducibility. Newer biomarkers that do not necessitate a fasting sample are needed for the prompt diagnosis of GDM. The aim of this scoping review is to highlight and describe emerging protein biomarkers that fulfill these requirements for the diagnosis of GDM. Materials and Methods: This scoping review was conducted according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for scoping reviews using Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Embase and Web of Science with a double screening and extraction process. The search included all articles published in the literature to July 2020. Results: Of the 3519 original database citations identified, 385 were eligible for full-text review. Of these, 332 (86.2%) were included in the scoping review providing a total of 589 biomarkers studied in relation to GDM diagnosis. Given the high number of biomarkers identified, three post hoc criteria were introduced to reduce the items set for discussion: we chose only protein biomarkers with at least five citations in the articles identified by our search and published in the years 2017-2020. When applied, these criteria identified a total of 15 biomarkers, which went forward for review and discussion. Conclusions: This review details protein biomarkers that have been studied to find a suitable test for GDM diagnosis with the potential to replace the OGTT used in current GDM screening protocols. Ongoing research efforts will continue to identify more accurate and practical biomarkers to take GDM screening and diagnosis into the 21st century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Bogdanet
- College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland;
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-38-3102-7771
| | - Catriona Reddin
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
| | - Dearbhla Murphy
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
| | - Helen C. Doheny
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
| | - Jose A. Halperin
- Divisions of Haematology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Fidelma Dunne
- College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91TK33 Galway, Ireland;
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
| | - Paula M. O’Shea
- Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Galway University Hospital, Newcastle Road, H91YR71 Galway, Ireland; (C.R.); (D.M.); (H.C.D.); (P.M.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Steinhoff JS, Lass A, Schupp M. Biological Functions of RBP4 and Its Relevance for Human Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:659977. [PMID: 33790810 PMCID: PMC8006376 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.659977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a member of the lipocalin family and the major transport protein of the hydrophobic molecule retinol, also known as vitamin A, in the circulation. Expression of RBP4 is highest in the liver, where most of the body’s vitamin A reserves are stored as retinyl esters. For the mobilization of vitamin A from the liver, retinyl esters are hydrolyzed to retinol, which then binds to RBP4 in the hepatocyte. After associating with transthyretin (TTR), the retinol/RBP4/TTR complex is released into the bloodstream and delivers retinol to tissues via binding to specific membrane receptors. So far, two distinct RBP4 receptors have been identified that mediate the uptake of retinol across the cell membrane and, under specific conditions, bi-directional retinol transport. Although most of RBP4’s actions depend on its role in retinoid homeostasis, functions independent of retinol transport have been described. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent findings on the structure, regulation, and functions of RBP4 and lay out the biological relevance of this lipocalin for human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Steinhoff
- Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Everts HB, Akuailou EN. Retinoids in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010153. [PMID: 33466372 PMCID: PMC7824907 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies as early as the 1920s suggested that vitamin A deficiency leads to squamous cell metaplasia in numerous epithelial tissues including the skin. However, humans usually die from vitamin A deficiency before cancers have time to develop. A recent long-term cohort study found that high dietary vitamin A reduced the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). cSCC is a form of nonmelanoma skin cancer that primarily occurs from excess exposure to ultraviolet light B (UVB). These cancers are expensive to treat and can lead to metastasis and death. Oral synthetic retinoids prevent the reoccurrence of cSCC, but side effects limit their use in chemoprevention. Several proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism and signaling are altered in cSCC, which may lead to retinoid resistance. The expression of vitamin A metabolism proteins may also have prognostic value. This article reviews what is known about natural and synthetic retinoids and their metabolism in cSCC.
Collapse
|
36
|
何 建. Human STRA6 Gene Cloning and Its Expression and Localization at Hepatoma Cells. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.12677/biphy.2021.91003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
37
|
Shin SJ, Chen CH, Kuo WC, Chan HC, Chan HC, Lin KD, Ke LY. Disruption of retinoid homeostasis induces RBP4 overproduction in diabetes: O-GlcNAcylation involved. Metabolism 2020; 113:154403. [PMID: 33065162 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is elevated and associated with inflammation in metabolic diseases. Disruption of the retinol cascade and O-GlcNAcylation of the RBP4 receptor (STRA6) are found in diabetic kidneys. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the disruption of the retinol cascade induces RBP4 overproduction and if O-linked GlcNAc modification targets RBPR2 and contributes to the disruption of retinol cascades in diabetic livers. METHODS Western blot or immunohistochemistry for RBPR2, CRBP1, LRAT, RALDH, RARα, RARγ, RXRα, RBP4, GFAT, OGT, OGA and inflammatory markers, as well as ELISA for RBP4, were performed in livers of db/db and ob/ob mice and high glucose-cultured hepatocytes. Immunoprecipitation and dual fluorescence staining were used to explore O-GlcNAc-modified RBPR2 and RBP4 binding activity on RBPR2. Transfection of the CRBP1 gene was done to verify whether a disrupted retinol cascade induces RBP4 overproduction. OGT silencing was done to investigate the association of O-GlcNAcylation with the disruption of retinol cascade. RESULTS Disruption of retinol cascade, RBP4 overproduction, O-GlcNAcylation of RBPR2, decreased RBP4 binding activity on RBPR2 and inflammation were found in livers of db/db and ob/ob mice and high glucose-cultured hepatocytes. CRBP1 gene transfection reversed the suppression of the cellular retinol cascade and simultaneously attenuated the RBP4 overproduction and inflammation in high glucose-treated hepatocytes. The silencing of OGT reversed the disruption of the cellular retinol cascade, RBP4 overproduction and inflammation induced by high glucose in hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the disruption of cellular retinol cascade is strongly associated with RBP4 overproduction and inflammation in diabetic livers. RBPR2 is one target for high glucose-mediated O-linked GlcNAc modification, which causes liver retinol dyshomeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyi-Jang Shin
- Grander Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Chen
- The Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chen Kuo
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chen Chan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Der Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saeed A, Hoogerland JA, Wessel H, Heegsma J, Derks TGJ, van der Veer E, Mithieux G, Rajas F, Oosterveer MH, Faber KN. Glycogen storage disease type 1a is associated with disturbed vitamin A metabolism and elevated serum retinol levels. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:264-273. [PMID: 31813960 PMCID: PMC7001719 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD Ia) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by mutations in the G6PC gene, encoding the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase. Early symptoms include severe fasting intolerance, failure to thrive and hepatomegaly, biochemically associated with nonketotic hypoglycemia, fasting hyperlactidemia, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia. Dietary management is the cornerstone of treatment aiming at maintaining euglycemia, prevention of secondary metabolic perturbations and long-term complications, including liver (hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas), kidney and bone disease (hypovitaminosis D and osteoporosis). As impaired vitamin A homeostasis also associates with similar symptoms and is coordinated by the liver, we here analysed whether vitamin A metabolism is affected in GSD Ia patients and liver-specific G6pc−/− knock-out mice. Serum levels of retinol and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) were significantly increased in both GSD Ia patients and L-G6pc−/− mice. In contrast, hepatic retinol levels were significantly reduced in L-G6pc−/− mice, while hepatic retinyl palmitate (vitamin A storage form) and RBP4 levels were not altered. Transcript and protein analyses indicate an enhanced production of retinol and reduced conversion the retinoic acids (unchanged LRAT, Pnpla2/ATGL and Pnpla3 up, Cyp26a1 down) in L-G6pc−/− mice. Aberrant expression of genes involved in vitamin A metabolism was associated with reduced basal messenger RNA levels of markers of inflammation (Cd68, Tnfα, Nos2, Il-6) and fibrosis (Col1a1, Acta2, Tgfβ, Timp1) in livers of L-G6pc−/− mice. In conclusion, GSD Ia is associated with elevated serum retinol and RBP4 levels, which may contribute to disease symptoms, including osteoporosis and hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Joanne A Hoogerland
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna Wessel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette Heegsma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Section of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Center for Liver Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline van der Veer
- Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Mithieux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1213, Lyon F-69008.,Universite de Lyon, Lyon F-69008, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Fabienne Rajas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1213, Lyon F-69008.,Universite de Lyon, Lyon F-69008, France.,Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Maaike H Oosterveer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Solanki AK, Kondkar AA, Fogerty J, Su Y, Kim SH, Lipschutz JH, Nihalani D, Perkins BD, Lobo GP. A Functional Binding Domain in the Rbpr2 Receptor Is Required for Vitamin A Transport, Ocular Retinoid Homeostasis, and Photoreceptor Cell Survival in Zebrafish. Cells 2020; 9:E1099. [PMID: 32365517 PMCID: PMC7290320 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary vitamin A/all-trans retinol/ROL plays a critical role in human vision. ROL circulates bound to the plasma retinol-binding protein (RBP4) as RBP4-ROL. In the eye, the STRA6 membrane receptor binds to circulatory RBP4 and internalizes ROL. STRA6 is, however, not expressed in systemic tissues, where there is high affinity RBP4 binding and ROL uptake. We tested the hypothesis that the second retinol binding protein 4 receptor 2 (Rbpr2), which is highly expressed in systemic tissues of zebrafish and mouse, contains a functional RBP4 binding domain, critical for ROL transport. As for STRA6, modeling and docking studies confirmed three conserved RBP4 binding residues in zebrafish Rbpr2. In cell culture studies, disruption of the RBP4 binding residues on Rbpr2 almost completely abolished uptake of exogenous vitamin A. CRISPR-generated rbpr2-RBP4 domain zebrafish mutants showed microphthalmia, shorter photoreceptor outer segments, and decreased opsins, which were attributed to impaired ocular retinoid content. Injection of WT-Rbpr2 mRNA into rbpr2 mutant or all-trans retinoic acid treatment rescued the mutant eye phenotypes. In conclusion, zebrafish Rbpr2 contains a putative extracellular RBP4-ROL ligand-binding domain, critical for yolk vitamin A transport to the eye for ocular retinoid production and homeostasis, for photoreceptor cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish K. Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
| | - Altaf A. Kondkar
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11411, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Joseph Fogerty
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (J.F.); (B.D.P.)
| | - Yanhui Su
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
| | - Joshua H. Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Division of Research, Charleston, SC 29420, USA
| | - Deepak Nihalani
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
| | - Brian D. Perkins
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (J.F.); (B.D.P.)
| | - Glenn P. Lobo
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (A.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.-H.K.); (J.H.L.); (D.N.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
von Lintig J, Moon J, Babino D. Molecular components affecting ocular carotenoid and retinoid homeostasis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 80:100864. [PMID: 32339666 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of vision employs opsins and geometric isomerization of their covalently bound retinylidine chromophores. In different animal classes, these light receptors associate with distinct G proteins that either hyperpolarize or depolarize photoreceptor membranes. Vertebrates also use the acidic form of chromophore, retinoic acid, as the ligand of nuclear hormone receptors that orchestrate eye development. To establish and sustain these processes, animals must acquire carotenoids from the diet, transport them, and metabolize them to chromophore and retinoic acid. The understanding of carotenoid metabolism, however, lagged behind our knowledge about the biology of their receptor molecules. In the past decades, much progress has been made in identifying the genes encoding proteins that mediate the transport and enzymatic transformations of carotenoids and their retinoid metabolites. Comparative analysis in different animal classes revealed how evolutionary tinkering with a limited number of genes evolved different biochemical strategies to supply photoreceptors with chromophore. Mutations in these genes impair carotenoid metabolism and induce various ocular pathologies. This review summarizes this advancement and introduces the involved proteins, including the homeostatic regulation of their activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jean Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Darwin Babino
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Haaker MW, Vaandrager AB, Helms JB. Retinoids in health and disease: A role for hepatic stellate cells in affecting retinoid levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158674. [PMID: 32105672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A (retinol) is important for normal growth, vision and reproduction. It has a role in the immune response and the development of metabolic syndrome. Most of the retinol present in the body is stored as retinyl esters within lipid droplets in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In case of liver damage, HSCs release large amounts of stored retinol, which is partially converted to retinoic acid (RA). This surge of RA can mediate the immune response and enhance the regeneration of the liver. If the damage persists activated HSCs change into myofibroblast-like cells producing extracellular matrix, which increases the chance of tumorigenesis to occur. RA has been shown to decrease proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. The levels of RA and RA signaling are influenced by the possibility to esterify retinol towards retinyl esters. This suggests a complex regulation between different retinoids, with an important regulatory role for HSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya W Haaker
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arie B Vaandrager
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Bernd Helms
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Miller AP, Coronel J, Amengual J. The role of β-carotene and vitamin A in atherogenesis: Evidences from preclinical and clinical studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158635. [PMID: 31978554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the principal contributor to myocardial infarction, the leading cause of death worldwide. Epidemiological and mechanistic studies indicate that β-carotene and its vitamin A derivatives stimulate lipid catabolism in several tissues to reduce the incidence of obesity, but their roles within ASCVD are elusive. Herein, we review the mechanisms by which β-carotene and vitamin A modulate ASCVD. First, we summarize the current knowledge linking these nutrients with epidemiological studies and lipoprotein metabolism as one of the initiating factors of ASCVD. Next, we focus on different aspects of vitamin A metabolism in immune cells such as the mechanisms of carotenoid uptake and conversion to the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid. Lastly, we review the effects of retinoic acid on immuno-metabolism, differentiation, and function of macrophages and T cells, the two pillars of the innate and adaptive immune response in ASCVD, respectively. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Miller
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Johana Coronel
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America
| | - Jaume Amengual
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Q, Zhang Q, Gan Z, Li H, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Screening for reproductive biomarkers in Bactrian camel via iTRAQ analysis of proteomes. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:189-199. [PMID: 31840896 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bactrian camel is an ancient and precious species of livestock; that is, unique resources exist in the desert and have important economic and scientific value. In recent years, the number of Bactrian camels has declined sharply. Due to its long reproductive cycle and seasonal oestrus, the mechanism of oestrus is unknown. To identify candidate biomarkers of reproduction, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of serum from Bactrian camel in oestrus and non-oestrus, using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 359 proteins, of which 32 were differentially expressed: 11 were up-regulated and 21 were down-regulated in samples from camels in oestrus. We validated the differential expression of a subset of these proteins using qPCR and Western blot. Gene ontology annotation identified that the differentially expressed proteins function in cellular processes, metabolic processes and immune system processes. Notably, five of the differentially expressed proteins, PCGF5, histone H1.2, RBP4, FOLR1 and ANTXR2, are involved in reproductive regulatory processes in other animals. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated significant enrichment in several cardiac-related pathways, such as 'dilated cardiomyopathy', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy', 'cardiac muscle contraction' and 'adrenergic signalling in cardiomyopathy'. Our results suggest that candidate biomarker (PCGF5, histone H1.2, RBP4, FOLR1 and ANTXR2) discovery can aid in understanding reproduction in Bactrian camels. We conclude that the profiling of serum proteomes, followed by the measurement of selected proteins using more targeted methods, offers a promising approach for studying mechanisms of oestrus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ze Gan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Widjaja-Adhi MAK, Golczak M. The molecular aspects of absorption and metabolism of carotenoids and retinoids in vertebrates. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158571. [PMID: 31770587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient necessary for numerous basic physiological functions, including reproduction and development, immune cell differentiation and communication, as well as the perception of light. To evade the dire consequences of vitamin A deficiency, vertebrates have evolved specialized metabolic pathways that enable the absorption, transport, and storage of vitamin A acquired from dietary sources as preformed retinoids or provitamin A carotenoids. This evolutionary advantage requires a complex interplay between numerous specialized retinoid-transport proteins, receptors, and enzymes. Recent advances in molecular and structural biology resulted in a rapid expansion of our understanding of these processes at the molecular level. This progress opened new avenues for the therapeutic manipulation of retinoid homeostasis. In this review, we summarize current research related to the biochemistry of carotenoid and retinoid-processing proteins with special emphasis on the structural aspects of their physiological actions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Carotenoids recent advances in cell and molecular biology edited by Johannes von Lintig and Loredana Quadro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Made Airanthi K Widjaja-Adhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang S, Yu J, Kane MA, Moise AR. Modulation of retinoid signaling: therapeutic opportunities in organ fibrosis and repair. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 205:107415. [PMID: 31629008 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, is an important signaling molecule during embryonic development serving critical roles in morphogenesis, organ patterning and skeletal and neural development. Retinoic acid is also important in postnatal life in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, while retinoid-based therapies have long been used in the treatment of a variety of cancers and skin disorders. As the number of people living with chronic disorders continues to increase, there is great interest in extending the use of retinoid therapies in promoting the maintenance and repair of adult tissues. However, there are still many conflicting results as we struggle to understand the role of retinoic acid in the multitude of processes that contribute to tissue injury and repair. This review will assess our current knowledge of the role retinoic acid signaling in the development of fibroblasts, and their transformation to myofibroblasts, and of the potential use of retinoid therapies in the treatment of organ fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jianshi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Alexander R Moise
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang S, Moise AR. Recent insights on the role and regulation of retinoic acid signaling during epicardial development. Genesis 2019; 57:e23303. [PMID: 31066193 PMCID: PMC6682438 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, carries out essential and conserved roles in vertebrate heart development. Retinoic acid signals via retinoic acid receptors (RAR)/retinoid X receptors (RXRs) heterodimers to induce the expression of genes that control cell fate specification, proliferation, and differentiation. Alterations in retinoic acid levels are often associated with congenital heart defects. Therefore, embryonic levels of retinoic acid need to be carefully regulated through the activity of enzymes, binding proteins and transporters involved in vitamin A metabolism. Here, we review evidence of the complex mechanisms that control the fetal uptake and synthesis of retinoic acid from vitamin A precursors. Next, we highlight recent evidence of the role of retinoic acid in orchestrating myocardial compact zone growth and coronary vascular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander R. Moise
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6 Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Cioffi CL, Racz B, Varadi A, Freeman EE, Conlon MP, Chen P, Zhu L, Kitchen DB, Barnes KD, Martin WH, Pearson PG, Johnson G, Blaner WS, Petrukhin K. Design, Synthesis, and Preclinical Efficacy of Novel Nonretinoid Antagonists of Retinol-Binding Protein 4 in the Mouse Model of Hepatic Steatosis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5470-5500. [PMID: 31079449 PMCID: PMC6737539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) serves as a transporter for all- trans-retinol (1) in the blood, and it has been proposed to act as an adipokine. Elevated plasma levels of the protein have been linked to diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, adipocyte-specific overexpression of RBP4 was reported to cause hepatic steatosis in mice. We previously identified an orally bioavailable RBP4 antagonist that significantly lowered RBP4 serum levels in Abca4-/- knockout mice with concomitant normalization of complement system protein expression and reduction of bisretinoid formation within the retinal pigment epithelium. We describe herein the discovery of novel RBP4 antagonists 48 and 59, which reduce serum RBP4 levels by >80% in mice upon acute oral dosing. Furthermore, 59 demonstrated efficacy in the transgenic adi-hRBP4 murine model of hepatic steatosis, suggesting that RBP4 antagonists may also have therapeutic utility for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Cioffi
- Departments of Basic and Clinical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences , 106 New Scotland Avenue , Albany , New York 12208 , United States
| | - Boglarka Racz
- Department of Ophthalmology , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , New York 10032 , United States
| | - Andras Varadi
- Department of Ophthalmology , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , New York 10032 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William H Martin
- WHM Consulting LLC , 111 Sterling City Road , Lyme , Connecticut 06371 , United States
| | - Paul G Pearson
- Pearson Pharma Partners , 31194 La Baya Drive , Westlake Village , California 91361 , United States
| | - Graham Johnson
- NuPharmAdvise LLC , 3 Lakeside Drive , Sanbornton , New Hampshire 03269 , United States
| | - William S Blaner
- Department of Medicine , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , New York 10032 , United States
| | - Konstantin Petrukhin
- Department of Ophthalmology , Columbia University Medical Center , New York , New York 10032 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
β-Carotene in the human body: metabolic bioactivation pathways - from digestion to tissue distribution and excretion. Proc Nutr Soc 2019; 78:68-87. [PMID: 30747092 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665118002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
β-Carotene intake and tissue/blood concentrations have been associated with reduced incidence of several chronic diseases. Further bioactive carotenoid-metabolites can modulate the expression of specific genes mainly via the nuclear hormone receptors: retinoic acid receptor- and retinoid X receptor-mediated signalling. To better understand the metabolic conversion of β-carotene, inter-individual differences regarding β-carotene bioavailability and bioactivity are key steps that determine its further metabolism and bioactivation and mediated signalling. Major carotenoid metabolites, the retinoids, can be stored as esters or further oxidised and excreted via phase 2 metabolism pathways. In this review, we aim to highlight the major critical control points that determine the fate of β-carotene in the human body, with a special emphasis on β-carotene oxygenase 1. The hypothesis that higher dietary β-carotene intake and serum level results in higher β-carotene-mediated signalling is partly questioned. Alternative autoregulatory mechanisms in β-carotene / retinoid-mediated signalling are highlighted to better predict and optimise nutritional strategies involving β-carotene-related health beneficial mediated effects.
Collapse
|
49
|
Fedders R, Muenzner M, Weber P, Sommerfeld M, Knauer M, Kedziora S, Kast N, Heidenreich S, Raila J, Weger S, Henze A, Schupp M. Liver-secreted RBP4 does not impair glucose homeostasis in mice. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15269-15276. [PMID: 30126844 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is the major transport protein for retinol in blood. Recent evidence from genetic mouse models shows that circulating RBP4 derives exclusively from hepatocytes. Because RBP4 is elevated in obesity and associates with the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, we tested whether a liver-specific overexpression of RBP4 in mice impairs glucose homeostasis. We used adeno-associated viruses (AAV) that contain a highly liver-specific promoter to drive expression of murine RBP4 in livers of adult mice. The resulting increase in serum RBP4 levels in these mice was comparable with elevated levels that were reported in obesity. Surprisingly, we found that increasing circulating RBP4 had no effect on glucose homeostasis. Also during a high-fat diet challenge, elevated levels of RBP4 in the circulation failed to aggravate the worsening of systemic parameters of glucose and energy homeostasis. These findings show that liver-secreted RBP4 does not impair glucose homeostasis. We conclude that a modest increase of its circulating levels in mice, as observed in the obese, insulin-resistant state, is unlikely to be a causative factor for impaired glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Fedders
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Matthias Muenzner
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Pamela Weber
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Manuela Sommerfeld
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Miriam Knauer
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Sarah Kedziora
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Naomi Kast
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Steffi Heidenreich
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin
| | - Jens Raila
- the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, and
| | - Stefan Weger
- the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Henze
- the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, and
| | - Michael Schupp
- From the Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, 10115 Berlin,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rodriguez-Concepcion M, Avalos J, Bonet ML, Boronat A, Gomez-Gomez L, Hornero-Mendez D, Limon MC, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Palou A, Ribot J, Rodrigo MJ, Zacarias L, Zhu C. A global perspective on carotenoids: Metabolism, biotechnology, and benefits for nutrition and health. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:62-93. [PMID: 29679619 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are lipophilic isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and some non-photosynthetic prokaryotes and fungi. With some notable exceptions, animals (including humans) do not produce carotenoids de novo but take them in their diets. In photosynthetic systems carotenoids are essential for photoprotection against excess light and contribute to light harvesting, but perhaps they are best known for their properties as natural pigments in the yellow to red range. Carotenoids can be associated to fatty acids, sugars, proteins, or other compounds that can change their physical and chemical properties and influence their biological roles. Furthermore, oxidative cleavage of carotenoids produces smaller molecules such as apocarotenoids, some of which are important pigments and volatile (aroma) compounds. Enzymatic breakage of carotenoids can also produce biologically active molecules in both plants (hormones, retrograde signals) and animals (retinoids). Both carotenoids and their enzymatic cleavage products are associated with other processes positively impacting human health. Carotenoids are widely used in the industry as food ingredients, feed additives, and supplements. This review, contributed by scientists of complementary disciplines related to carotenoid research, covers recent advances and provides a perspective on future directions on the subjects of carotenoid metabolism, biotechnology, and nutritional and health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Avalos
- Department of Genetics, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - M Luisa Bonet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Albert Boronat
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gomez-Gomez
- Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Damaso Hornero-Mendez
- Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (IG-CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - M Carmen Limon
- Department of Genetics, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Food Color & Quality Laboratory, Area of Nutrition & Food Science, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Joan Ribot
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria J Rodrigo
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Zacarias
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Changfu Zhu
- Department of Plant Production and Forestry Science, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|