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Hu Y, Sun Y, Zhang H, Luo L, Wang H, Zhang R, Ge M. 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate exposure induces duodenal inflammatory injury through oxidative stress in chickens. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116784. [PMID: 39088896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP) is a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant and plasticizer, which is commonly found in the environment. EHDPHP not only potentially harms the environment but also causes different degrees of damage to the organism. In this study, the duodenum of chicks was selected as the potential toxic target organ to explore the mechanism of duodenal injury induced by EHDPHP exposure. Ninety one-day-old healthy male chicks were selected and randomly divided into C1(control group), C2(solvent control group), L(800 mg/kg), M(1600 mg/kg), H(3200 mg/kg) according to different doses of EHDPHP after one week of environmental adaptation. The chicks were given continuous gavage for 14 d, 28 d, and 42 d. It was found that constant exposure to EHDPHP caused an increase in duodenal MDA content, a decrease in P-gp, SOD, GSH-Px activities, and a decrease in duodenal mucosal immune factor (sIgA, GSH-Px). The expression of sIgM and mucosal link proteins (CLDN, OCLN, ZO-1, JAM) decreased, and the expression of the inflammatory protein (NF-κB, COX2) in duodenal tissues was up-regulated. The results showed that continuous exposure to EHDPHP could cause duodenal oxidative stress, inflammation, and mucosal barrier damage in chicks, which provided a basis for studying the mechanism of toxic damage caused by EHDPHP in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Linghuan Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ruili Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ming Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Sinha D, Yaugel-Novoa M, Waeckel L, Paul S, Longet S. Unmasking the potential of secretory IgA and its pivotal role in protection from respiratory viruses. Antiviral Res 2024; 223:105823. [PMID: 38331200 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity has regained its spotlight amidst the ongoing Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, with numerous studies highlighting the crucial role of mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) in protection against Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 or SARS-CoV-2 infections. The observed limitations in the efficacy of currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines in inducing effective mucosal immune responses remind us of the limitations of systemic vaccination in promoting protective mucosal immunity. This resurgence of interest has motivated the development of vaccine platforms capable of enhancing mucosal responses, specifically the SIgA response, and the development of IgA-based therapeutics. Recognizing viral respiratory infections as a global threat, we would like to comprehensively review the existing knowledge on mucosal immunity, with a particular emphasis on SIgA, in the context of SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections. This review aims to describe the structural and functional specificities of SIgA, along with its nuanced role in combating influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Subsequent sections further elaborate promising vaccine strategies, including mucosal vaccines against Influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses, currently undergoing preclinical and clinical development. Additionally, we address the challenges associated with mucosal vaccine development, concluding with a discussion on IgA-based therapeutics as a promising platform for the treatment of viral respiratory infections. This comprehensive review not only synthesizes current insights into mucosal immunity but also identifies critical knowledge gaps, strengthening the way for further advancements in our current understanding and approaches to combat respiratory viral threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sinha
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Melyssa Yaugel-Novoa
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France; Immunology Department, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France; CIC 1408 Inserm Vaccinology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, F42055, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Stéphanie Longet
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, CIC 1408 Vaccinology, F42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
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3
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Braun MR, Flitter BA, Sun W, Tucker SN. An easy pill to swallow: oral recombinant vaccines for the 21st century. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 84:102374. [PMID: 37562075 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Oral vaccines have a distinctive advantage of stimulating immune responses in the mucosa, where numerous pathogens gain entry and cause disease. Although various efforts have been attempted to create recombinant mucosal vaccines that provoke strong immunogenicity, the outcomes in clinical trials have been weak or inconsistent. Therefore, next-generation mucosal vaccines are needed that are more immunogenic. Here, we discuss oral vaccines with an emphasis on a next-generation mucosal vaccine that utilizes a nonreplicating human recombinant adenovirus type-5 (rAd5) vector. Numerous positive clinical results investigating oral rAd5 vaccines are reviewed, with a summary of the immunogenicity and efficacy results for specific vaccine indications of influenza, norovirus, and SARS-CoV-2. The determination of correlates of protection for oral vaccination and the potential impact this novel vaccine formulation may have on disease transmission are also discussed. In summary, successful oral vaccination can be accomplished and would have major public health benefits if approved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Braun
- Vaxart, Inc., 170 Harbor Way STE 300, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Becca A Flitter
- Vaxart, Inc., 170 Harbor Way STE 300, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - William Sun
- Vaxart, Inc., 170 Harbor Way STE 300, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sean N Tucker
- Vaxart, Inc., 170 Harbor Way STE 300, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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4
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Bohländer F. A new hope? Possibilities of therapeutic IgA antibodies in the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127339. [PMID: 37051237 PMCID: PMC10083398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory lung diseases represent a persistent burden for patients and the global healthcare system. The combination of high morbidity, (partially) high mortality and limited innovations in the last decades, have resulted in a great demand for new therapeutics. Are therapeutic IgA antibodies possibly a new hope in the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases? Current research increasingly unravels the elementary functions of IgA as protector against infections and as modulator of overwhelming inflammation. With a focus on IgA, this review describes the pathological alterations in mucosal immunity and how they contribute to chronic inflammation in the most common inflammatory lung diseases. The current knowledge of IgA functions in the circulation, and particularly in the respiratory mucosa, are summarized. The interplay between neutrophils and IgA seems to be key in control of inflammation. In addition, the hurdles and benefits of therapeutic IgA antibodies, as well as the currently known clinically used IgA preparations are described. The data highlighted here, together with upcoming research strategies aiming at circumventing the current pitfalls in IgA research may pave the way for this promising antibody class in the application of inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bohländer
- Department of Translational Research, Biotest AG, Dreieich, Germany
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5
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Ahmed A, Lippner E, Khanolkar A. Clinical Aspects of B Cell Immunodeficiencies: The Past, the Present and the Future. Cells 2022; 11:3353. [PMID: 36359748 PMCID: PMC9654110 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells and antibodies are indispensable for host immunity. Our understanding of the mechanistic processes that underpin how B cells operate has left an indelible mark on the field of clinical pathology, and recently has also dramatically reshaped the therapeutic landscape of diseases that were once considered incurable. Evaluating patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID)/inborn errors of immunity (IEI) that primarily affect B cells, offers us an opportunity to further our understanding of how B cells develop, mature, function and, in certain instances, cause further disease. In this review we provide a brief compendium of IEI that principally affect B cells at defined stages of their developmental pathway, and also attempt to offer some educated viewpoints on how the management of these disorders could evolve over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Ahmed
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lippner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aaruni Khanolkar
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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6
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Malaquias ADM, Marques LEC, Pereira SS, de Freitas Fernandes C, Maranhão AQ, Stabeli RG, Florean EOPT, Guedes MIF, Fernandes CFC. A review of plant-based expression systems as a platform for single-domain recombinant antibody production. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1130-1137. [PMID: 34699899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies have contributed to improving the treatment of several diseases. However, limitations related to pharmacokinetic parameters and production costs have instigated the search for alternative products. Camelids produce functional immunoglobulins G devoid of light chains and CH1 domains, in which the antigenic recognition site is formed by a single domain called VHH or nanobody. VHHs' small size and similarity to the human VH domain contribute to high tissue penetration and low immunogenicity. In addition, VHHs provide superior antigen recognition compared to human antibodies, better solubility and stability. Due to these characteristics and the possibility of obtaining gene-encoding VHHs, applications of this biological tool, whether as a monomer or in related recombinant constructs, have been reported. To ensure antibody efficacy and cost-effectiveness, strategies for their expression, either using prokaryotic or eukaryotic systems, have been utilized. Plant-based expression systems are useful for VHH related constructs that require post-translational modifications. This system has exhibited versatility, low-cost upstream production, and safety. This article presents the main advances associated to the heterologous expression of VHHs in plant systems. Besides, we show insights related to the use of VHHs as a strategy for plant pathogen control and a tool for genomic manipulation in plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soraya S Pereira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
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7
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3D Structures of IgA, IgM, and Components. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312776. [PMID: 34884580 PMCID: PMC8657937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is currently the most studied immunoglobin class and is frequently used in antibody therapeutics in which its beneficial effector functions are exploited. IgG is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, forming the basic antibody monomeric unit. In contrast, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) are usually assembled into dimers or pentamers with the contribution of joining (J)-chains, which bind to the secretory component (SC) of the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) and are transported to the mucosal surface. IgA and IgM play a pivotal role in various immune responses, especially in mucosal immunity. Due to their structural complexity, 3D structural study of these molecules at atomic scale has been slow. With the emergence of cryo-EM and X-ray crystallographic techniques and the growing interest in the structure-function relationships of IgA and IgM, atomic-scale structural information on IgA-Fc and IgM-Fc has been accumulating. Here, we examine the 3D structures of IgA and IgM, including the J-chain and SC. Disulfide bridging and N-glycosylation on these molecules are also summarized. With the increasing information of structure–function relationships, IgA- and IgM-based monoclonal antibodies will be an effective option in the therapeutic field.
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8
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Chiari EF, Weiss W, Simon MR, Kiessig ST, Pulse M, Brown SC, Gerding HR, Mandago M, Gisch K, von Eichel-Streiber C. Oral Immunotherapy With Human Secretory Immunoglobulin A Improves Survival in the Hamster Model of Clostridioides difficile Infection. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1394-1397. [PMID: 33588433 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coadministration of human secretory IgA (sIgA) together with subtherapeutic vancomycin enhanced survival in the Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) hamster model. Vancomycin (5 or 10 mg/kg × 5 days) plus healthy donor plasma sIgA/monomeric IgA (TID × 21 days) or hyperimmune sIgA/monomeric IgA (BID × 13 days) enhanced survival. Survival was improved compared to vancomycin alone, P = .018 and .039 by log-rank Mantel-Cox, for healthy and hyperimmune sIgA, respectively. Passive immunization with sIgA (recombinant human secretory component plus IgA dimer/polymer from pooled human plasma) can be administered orally and prevents death in a partially treated CDI hamster model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Weiss
- Preclinical Services, University of North Texas Health Science Center-College of Pharmacy, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Michael R Simon
- Secretory IgA, Inc, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Allergy and Immunology Section, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.,Department of Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics (Clinical Emeritus), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Mark Pulse
- Preclinical Services, University of North Texas Health Science Center-College of Pharmacy, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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Nakanishi K, Mogi N, Kikuchi Y, Matsuda M, Matsuoka T, Shiina K, Morikane S, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Plant-derived secretory component gives protease-resistance to Shiga toxin 1-specific dimeric IgA. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:297-308. [PMID: 33871797 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noriko Mogi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuki Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minami Matsuda
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kotome Shiina
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shota Morikane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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10
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Demers-Mathieu V, DaPra C, Mathijssen G, Sela DA, Järvinen KM, Seppo A, Fels S, Medo E. Human Milk Antibodies Against S1 and S2 Subunits from SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E in Mothers with A Confirmed COVID-19 PCR, Viral SYMPTOMS, and Unexposed Mothers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041749. [PMID: 33572480 PMCID: PMC7916441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 could be related to cross-reactive antibodies to common human-coronaviruses (HCoVs). This study aimed to evaluate whether human milk antibodies against to S1 and S2 subunits SARS-CoV-2 are cross-reactive to S1 and S2 subunits HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, in mothers with previous viral symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic, and in unexposed mothers; Methods: The levels of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (SIgM)/IgM, and IgG specific to S1 and S2 SARS-CoV-2, and reactive to S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E were measured in milk from 7 mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, 20 mothers with viral symptoms, and unexposed mothers (6 Ctl1-2018 and 16 Ctl2-2018) using ELISA; Results: The S2 SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were higher in the COVID-19 PCR (p = 0.014) and viral symptom (p = 0.040) groups than in the Ctl1-2018 group. We detected a higher number of positive correlations between the antigens and secretory antibodies in the COVID-19 PCR group than in the viral symptom and Ctl-2018 groups. S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43-reactive IgG was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the control group (p = 0.002) but did not differ for the other antibodies; Conclusions: Mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR and mothers with previous viral symptoms had preexisting human milk antibodies against S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2. Human milk IgG were more specific to S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2 than other antibodies, whereas SIgA and SIgM were polyreactive and cross-reactive to S1 or S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Demers-Mathieu
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories A Public Benefit Corporation, Boulder City, NV 89005, USA; (C.D.); (G.M.); (S.F.); (E.M.)
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-541-286-8366
| | - Ciera DaPra
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories A Public Benefit Corporation, Boulder City, NV 89005, USA; (C.D.); (G.M.); (S.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Gabrielle Mathijssen
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories A Public Benefit Corporation, Boulder City, NV 89005, USA; (C.D.); (G.M.); (S.F.); (E.M.)
| | - David A. Sela
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Kirsi M. Järvinen
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology & Center for Food Allergy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (K.M.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Antti Seppo
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology & Center for Food Allergy, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (K.M.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Shawn Fels
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories A Public Benefit Corporation, Boulder City, NV 89005, USA; (C.D.); (G.M.); (S.F.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Medo
- Department of Neonatal Immunology and Microbiology, Medolac Laboratories A Public Benefit Corporation, Boulder City, NV 89005, USA; (C.D.); (G.M.); (S.F.); (E.M.)
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11
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Kumar N, Arthur CP, Ciferri C, Matsumoto ML. Structure of the human secretory immunoglobulin M core. Structure 2021; 29:564-571.e3. [PMID: 33513362 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Ig) A and M are the only human antibodies that form oligomers and undergo transcytosis to mucosal secretions via the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR). When complexed with the J-chain (JC) and the secretory component (SC) of pIgR, secretory IgA and IgM (sIgA and sIgM) play critical roles in host-pathogen defense. Recently, we determined the structure of sIgA-Fc which elucidated the mechanism of polymeric IgA assembly and revealed an extensive binding interface between IgA-Fc, JC, and SC. Despite low sequence identity shared with IgA-Fc, IgM-Fc also undergoes JC-mediated assembly and binds pIgR. Here, we report the structure of sIgM-Fc and carryout a systematic comparison to sIgA-Fc. Our structural analysis reveals a remarkably conserved mechanism of JC-templated oligomerization and SC recognition of both IgM and IgA through a highly conserved network of interactions. These studies reveal the structurally conserved features of sIgM and sIgA required for function in mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikit Kumar
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Christopher P Arthur
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Claudio Ciferri
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Marissa L Matsumoto
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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12
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Abstract
In this issue, Kabbert et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20200275) show that intestinal antibodies from healthy subjects or patients with Crohn's disease cross-target diverse but distinct communities of the gut microbiota through a mechanism involving somatic hypermutation but not germline-encoded polyreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie K. Grasset
- The Immunology Institute, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Andrea Cerutti
- The Immunology Institute, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Herr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Divisions of Immunobiology & Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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14
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Agarwal S, Kraus Z, Dement-Brown J, Alabi O, Starost K, Tolnay M. Human Fc Receptor-like 3 Inhibits Regulatory T Cell Function and Binds Secretory IgA. Cell Rep 2020; 30:1292-1299.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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15
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16
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Nakanishi K, Matsuda M, Ida R, Hosokawa N, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Lettuce-derived secretory IgA specifically neutralizes the Shiga toxin 1 activity. PLANTA 2019; 250:1255-1264. [PMID: 31222495 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION An edible plant was tested as a host for the production of secretory monoclonal IgA against Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1). The lettuce-derived IgA completely protected Vero cells from Stx1. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is thought to control mucosal infections and thus it may be applicable to oral passive immunotherapy. Edible plants are candidate hosts for producing oral formulations with SIgA against pathogenic agents. We previously established a recombinant IgA specific for the B subunit of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1B) consisting of the Fab fragment of Stx1B-specific monoclonal IgG and the Fc region of IgA (hyIgA). Here, we developed transgenic lettuce (Lactuca sativa) that produces hyIgA in a secretory form (S-hyIgA). An Arabidopsis-derived light-harvesting complex II (LHCB) promoter was used for the expression of all four transgenes (hyIgA heavy, light and j chains, and secretory component). Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was carried out to introduce genes into lettuce leaf discs by means of a single vector harboring all four transgenes. Consistent with the tissue specificity of the LHCB promoter, the expression of hyIgA transgenes was observed in leaf and stem tissues, which contain chloroplasts, at the mRNA and protein levels. The leaves produced hyIgA in a more than tenfold higher yield as compared with stems. The lettuce-derived S-hyIgA was found to bind to Stx1B in a dose-dependent manner by means of ELISA. A leaf extract of the transgenic lettuce completely neutralized the cytotoxicity of Stx1 against Vero cells, which are highly susceptible to Stx1. In conclusion, we established a transgenic lettuce producing a secretory form of hyIgA that can bind bacterial toxin. The results indicate that edible practical plants containing S-hyIgA will provide a possible means for immunotherapy for food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minami Matsuda
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ryota Ida
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nao Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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Hu Y, Kumru OS, Xiong J, Antunez LR, Hickey J, Wang Y, Cavacini L, Klempner M, Joshi SB, Volkin DB. Preformulation Characterization and Stability Assessments of Secretory IgA Monoclonal Antibodies as Potential Candidates for Passive Immunization by Oral Administration. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:407-421. [PMID: 31369743 PMCID: PMC6941217 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrheal disease among children in developing countries, and there are no licensed vaccines to protect against ETEC. Passive immunization by oral delivery of ETEC-specific secretory IgAs (sIgAs) could potentially provide an alternative approach for protection in targeted populations. In this study, a series of physiochemical techniques and an in vitro gastric digestion model were used to characterize and compare key structural attributes and stability profiles of 3 anti-heat-labile enterotoxin mAbs (sIgA1, sIgA2, and IgG1 produced in CHO cells). The mAbs were evaluated in terms of primary structure, N-linked glycan profiles, size and aggregate content, relative apparent solubility, conformational stability, and in vitro antigen binding. Compared to IgG1 mAb, sIgA1 and sIgA2 mAbs showed increased sample heterogeneity, especially in terms of N-glycan composition and the presence of higher molecular weight species. The sIgA mAbs showed overall better physical stability and were more resistant to loss of antigen binding activity during incubation at low pH, 37°C with pepsin. These results are discussed in terms of future challenges to design stable, low-cost formulations of sIgA mAbs as an oral supplement for passive immunization to protect against enteric diseases in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Ozan S Kumru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Jian Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Lorena R Antunez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - John Hickey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - Yang Wang
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Lisa Cavacini
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Mark Klempner
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02126
| | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center (VAFC), University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047.
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18
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Topical application of nebulized human IgG, IgA and IgAM in the lungs of rats and non-human primates. Respir Res 2019; 20:99. [PMID: 31118031 PMCID: PMC6532128 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent and persistent infections are known to affect airways of patients with Primary Immunodeficiency despite appropriate replacement immunoglobulin serum levels. Interestingly, patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or with non-CF bronchiectasis also show similar susceptibility to such infections. This may be due to the limited availability of immunoglobulins from the systemic circulation in the conductive airways, resulting in local immunodeficiency. Topical application of nebulized plasma-derived immunoglobulins may represent a means to address this deficiency. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of nebulizing plasma-derived immunoglobulins and delivering them into the airways of rats and non-human primates. Methods Distinct human plasma-derived immunoglobulin isotype preparations were nebulized with an investigational eFlow® nebulizer and analyzed in vitro or deposited into animals. Biochemical and immunohistological analysis of nebulized immunoglobulins were then performed. Lastly, efficacy of topically applied human plasma-derived immunoglobulins was assessed in an acute Streptococcus pneumoniae respiratory infection in mice. Results Characteristics of the resulting aerosols were comparable between preparations, even when using solutions with elevated viscosity. Neither the structural integrity nor the biological function of nebulized immunoglobulins were compromised by the nebulization process. In animal studies, immunoglobulins levels were assessed in plasma, broncho-alveolar lavages (BAL) and on lung sections of rats and non-human primates in samples collected up to 72 h following application. Nebulized immunoglobulins were detectable over 48 h in the BAL samples and up to 72 h on lung sections. Immunoglobulins recovered from BAL fluid up to 24 h after inhalation remained structurally and functionally intact. Importantly, topical application of human plasma-derived immunoglobulin G into the airways of mice offered significant protection against acute pneumococcal pneumonia. Conclusion Taken together our data demonstrate the feasibility of topically applying plasma-derived immunoglobulins into the lungs using a nebulized liquid formulation. Moreover, topically administered human plasma-derived immunoglobulins prevented acute respiratory infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1057-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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19
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Nakanishi K, Morikane S, Hosokawa N, Kajihara Y, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Plant-derived secretory component forms secretory IgA with shiga toxin 1-specific dimeric IgA produced by mouse cells and whole plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:161-172. [PMID: 30506369 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A key module, secretory component (SC), was efficiently expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The plant-based SC and immunoglobulin A of animal or plant origin formed secretory IgA that maintains antigen-binding activity. Plant expression systems are suitable for scalable and cost-effective production of biologics. Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) will be useful as a therapeutic antibody against mucosal pathogens. SIgA is equipped with a secretory component (SC), which assists the performance of SIgA on the mucosal surface. Here we produced SC using a plant expression system and formed SIgA with dimeric IgAs produced by mouse cells as well as by whole plants. To increase the expression level, an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal peptide, KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu), was added to mouse SC (SC-KDEL). The SC-KDEL cDNA was inserted into a binary vector with a translational enhancer and an efficient terminator. The SC-KDEL transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana produced SC-KDEL at the level of 2.7% of total leaf proteins. In vitro reaction of the plant-derived SC-KDEL with mouse dimeric monoclonal IgAs resulted in the formation of SIgA. When reacted with Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1)-specific ones, the antigen-binding activity was maintained. When an A. thaliana plant expressing SC-KDEL was crossed with one expressing dimeric IgA specific for Stx1, the plant-based SIgA exhibited antigen-binding activity. Leaf extracts of the crossbred transgenic plants neutralized Stx1 cytotoxicity against Stx1-sensitive cells. These results suggest that transgenic plants expressing SC-KDEL will provide a versatile means of SIgA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shota Morikane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Nao Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yuka Kajihara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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20
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Koernig S, Campbell IK, Mackenzie-Kludas C, Schaub A, Loetscher M, Ching Ng W, Zehnder R, Pelczar P, Sanli I, Alhamdoosh M, Ng M, Brown LE, Käsermann F, Vonarburg C, Zuercher AW. Topical application of human-derived Ig isotypes for the control of acute respiratory infection evaluated in a human CD89-expressing mouse model. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1013-1024. [PMID: 31105268 PMCID: PMC7746524 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent and persistent airway infections remain prevalent in patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID), despite restoration of serum immunoglobulin levels by intravenous or subcutaneous plasma-derived IgG. We investigated the effectiveness of different human Ig isotype preparations to protect mice against influenza when delivered directly to the respiratory mucosa. Four polyvalent Ig preparations from pooled plasma were compared: IgG, monomeric IgA (mIgA), polymeric IgA-containing IgM (IgAM) and IgAM associated with the secretory component (SIgAM). To evaluate these preparations, a transgenic mouse expressing human FcαRI/CD89 within the myeloid lineage was created. CD89 was expressed on all myeloid cells in the lung and blood except eosinophils, reflecting human CD89 expression. Intranasal administration of IgA-containing preparations was less effective than IgG in reducing pulmonary viral titres after infection of mice with A/California/7/09 (Cal7) or the antigenically distant A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) viruses. However, IgA reduced weight loss and inflammatory mediator expression. Both IgG and IgA protected mice from a lethal dose of PR8 virus and for mIgA, this effect was partially CD89 dependent. Our data support the beneficial effect of topically applied Ig purified from pooled human plasma for controlling circulating and non-circulating influenza virus infections. This may be important for reducing morbidity in PID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Koernig
- 0000 0001 1512 2287grid.1135.6CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Ian K. Campbell
- 0000 0001 1512 2287grid.1135.6CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Charley Mackenzie-Kludas
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Alexander Schaub
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marius Loetscher
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wy Ching Ng
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Roland Zehnder
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, Mattenstrasse 22, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ildem Sanli
- Center for Transgenic Models, Mattenstrasse 22, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Monther Alhamdoosh
- 0000 0001 1512 2287grid.1135.6CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Milica Ng
- 0000 0001 1512 2287grid.1135.6CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, 30 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Lorena E. Brown
- 0000 0001 2179 088Xgrid.1008.9Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Fabian Käsermann
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Vonarburg
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian W. Zuercher
- 0000 0004 0646 1916grid.488260.0CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Corthésy B, Monnerat J, Lötscher M, Vonarburg C, Schaub A, Bioley G. Oral Passive Immunization With Plasma-Derived Polyreactive Secretory-Like IgA/M Partially Protects Mice Against Experimental Salmonellosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2970. [PMID: 30619327 PMCID: PMC6305475 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulins have a critical role in defense of the gastrointestinal tract and are known to act by preventing bacterial acquisition. A stringent murine model of bacterial infection with Salmonella enterica Typhimurium was used to examine protection mediated by oral passive immunization with human plasma-derived polyreactive IgA and IgM antibodies (Abs) reconstituted as secretory-like immunoglobulins (SCIgA/M). This reagent has been shown to trigger Salmonella agglutination and to limit the entry of bacterium into intestinal Peyer's patches via immune exclusion. We now demonstrate that upon administration into ligated intestinal loops, SCIgA/M properly anchors in the mucus and is protected from degradation to a better extent that IgA/M or IgG. Moreover, prophylactic oral administration of SCIgA/M before intragastric infection of mice with a virulent strain of S. enterica Typhimurium allows to protect infected animals, as reflected by reduced colonization of both mucosal and systemic compartments, and conserved integrity of intestinal tissues. In comparison with IgA/M or IgG administration, SCIgA/M provided the highest degree of protection. Moreover, such protective efficacy is also observed after therapeutic oral delivery of SCIgA/M. Either prophylactic or therapeutic treatment with passively delivered SCIgA/M ensured survival of up to 50% of infected mice, while untreated animals all died. Our findings unravel the potential of oral passive immunization with plasma-derived polyreactive SCIgA/M Abs to fight gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Corthésy
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Épalinges, Switzerland
| | - Justine Monnerat
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Épalinges, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Gilles Bioley
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Épalinges, Switzerland
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22
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Mohd Hanafiah K, Garcia ML, Barnes NC, Anderson DA. Detection of virus-specific polymeric immunoglobulin A in acute hepatitis A, C, E virus serum samples using novel chimeric secretory component. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:688. [PMID: 30285838 PMCID: PMC6167832 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To conduct a proof-of-concept study on preferential binding of polymeric IgA (pIgA) using a novel recombinant rabbit/human chimeric secretory component (cSC) and preliminary assessment of the diagnostic potential of virus-specific pIgA in discriminating acute hepatitis A, E, and C (HAV, HEV, HCV) patients and uninfected controls using an indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results cSC binds > 0.06 μg/ml of purified human and mouse pIgA with negligible cross-reactivity against IgM and IgA. Virus-specific pIgA was significantly higher in serum of acute HAV (n = 6) and HEV (n = 12) patients than uninfected samples (HEV: p < 0.001; HAV: p = 0.001), and had low correlation with virus-specific IgM (HEV r: − 0.25, 95% CI − 0.88 to 0.71, p = 0.636; HAV r: 0.05, 95% CI − 0.54 to 0.60, p: 0.885). Anti-HCV pIgA peaked early in HCV seroconversion panels (n = 14), and was undetectable after 4 weeks post-primary bleed, even in ongoing infections, while serum anti-HCV IgA, IgG and IgM persisted. Patients with early acute HCV infection had significantly higher levels of anti-HCV pIgA compared to those with chronic infections (p < 0.01). The use of novel cSC demonstrates the presence of virus-specific pIgA in sera of patients with acute HAV, HEV, and HCV infection, and posits its potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker that warrants further validation on larger sample populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafiah
- Life Sciences, Macfarlane Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,Department of Immunology, Monash University, 86 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Mary L Garcia
- Life Sciences, Macfarlane Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Nadine C Barnes
- Life Sciences, Macfarlane Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - David A Anderson
- Life Sciences, Macfarlane Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
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23
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Langereis JD, van der Flier M, de Jonge MI. Limited Innovations After More Than 65 Years of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy: Potential of IgA- and IgM-Enriched Formulations to Prevent Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1925. [PMID: 30190722 PMCID: PMC6115500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiency have lower immunoglobulin levels or decreased immunoglobulin function, which makes these patients more susceptible to bacterial infection. Most prevalent are the selective IgA deficiencies (~1:3,000), followed by common variable immune deficiency (~1:25,000). Agammaglobulinemia is less common (~1:400,000) and is characterized by very low or no immunoglobulin production resulting in a more severe disease phenotype. Therapy for patients with agammaglobulinemia mainly relies on prophylactic antibiotics and the use of IgG replacement therapy, which successfully reduces the frequency of invasive bacterial infections. Currently used immunoglobulin preparations contain only IgG. As a result, concurrent IgA and IgM deficiency persist in a large proportion of agammaglobulinemia patients. Especially patients with IgM deficiency remain at risk for recurrent infections at mucosal surfaces, which includes the respiratory tract. IgA and IgM have multiple functions in the protection against bacterial infections at the mucosal surface. Because of their multimeric structure, both IgA and IgM are able to agglutinate bacteria efficiently. Agglutination allows for entrapment of bacteria in mucus that increases clearance from the respiratory tract. IgA is also important for blocking bacterial adhesion by interfering with bacterial adhesion receptors. IgM in its place is very well capable of activating complement, therefore, it is thought to be important in complement-mediated protection at the mucosal surface. The purpose of this Mini Review is to highlight the latest advances regarding IgA- and IgM-enriched immunoglobulin replacement therapy. We describe the different IgA- and IgM-enriched IgG formulations, their possible modes of action and potential to protect against respiratory tract infections in patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen D. Langereis
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michiel van der Flier
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Expertise Center for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation (REIA), Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marien I. de Jonge
- Section Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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24
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Bioley G, Monnerat J, Lötscher M, Vonarburg C, Zuercher A, Corthésy B. Plasma-Derived Polyreactive Secretory-Like IgA and IgM Opsonizing Salmonella enterica Typhimurium Reduces Invasion and Gut Tissue Inflammation through Agglutination. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1043. [PMID: 28900429 PMCID: PMC5581814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of enteropathogenic bacteria, development of alternative treatments to fight against gut infections is a major health issue. While vaccination requires that a proper combination of antigen, adjuvant, and delivery route is defined to elicit protective immunity at mucosae, oral delivery of directly active antibody preparations, referred to as passive immunization, sounds like a valuable alternative. Along the gut, the strategy suffers, however, from the difficulty to obtain sufficient amounts of antibodies with the appropriate specificity and molecular structure for mucosal delivery. Physiologically, at the antibody level, the protection of gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces against enteropathogens is principally mediated by secretory IgA and secretory IgM. We previously demonstrated that purified human plasma-derived IgA and IgM can be associated with secretory component to generate biologically active secretory-like IgA and IgM (SCIgA/M) that can protect epithelial cells from infection by Shigella flexneri in vitro. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the protective potential of these antibody preparations in vivo. We now establish that such polyreactive preparations bind efficiently to Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and trigger bacterial agglutination, as observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Upon delivery into a mouse ligated intestinal loop, SCIgA/M-mediated aggregates persist in the intestinal environment and limit the entry of bacteria into intestinal Peyer’s patches via immune exclusion. Moreover, oral administration to mice of immune complexes composed of S. Typhimurium and SCIgA/M reduces mucosal infection, systemic dissemination, and local inflammation. Altogether, our data provide valuable clues for the future appraisal of passive oral administration of polyreactive plasma-derived SCIgA/M to combat infection by a variety of enteropathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Bioley
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Justine Monnerat
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Blaise Corthésy
- R&D Laboratory, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Chronic lung inflammation primes humoral immunity and augments antipneumococcal resistance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4972. [PMID: 28694492 PMCID: PMC5504016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells (AECs) display remarkable plasticity in response to infectious stimuli and their functional adaptations are critical for antimicrobial immunity. However, the roles of AECs and humoral mediators to host defense in non-communicable lung inflammation remain elusive. We dissected pulmonary defense against Streptococcus pneumoniae in hosts with pre-existing inflammatory conditions (SPC-HAxTCR-HA mice). Lung tissue transcriptomics and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) proteomics revealed an induction of humoral defense mechanisms in inflamed lungs. Accordingly, besides antibacterial proteins and complement components being overrepresented in inflamed lungs, elevated polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR)-expression in AECs correlated with increased secretory immunoglobulin (SIg) transport. Consequently, opsonization assays revealed augmented pneumococcal coverage by SIgs present in the BALF of SPC-HAxTCR-HA mice, which was associated with enhanced antipneumococcal resistance. These findings emphasize the immunologic potential of AECs as well as their central role in providing antibacterial protection and put forward pIgR as potential target for therapeutic manipulation in infection-prone individuals.
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Matlschweiger A, Himmler G, Linhart C, Harasek M, Hahn R. A nonchromatographic process for purification of secretory immunoglobulins from caprine whey. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:642-653. [PMID: 28380693 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulins are an important antibody class being primarily responsible for immunoprotection of mucosal surfaces. A simple, non-chromatographic purification process for secretory immunoglobulins from caprine whey was developed. In the first process step whey was concentrated 30-40-fold on a 500 kDa membrane, thereby increasing the purity from 3% to 15%. The second step consisted of a fractionated PEG precipitation, in which high molecular weight impurities were removed first and in the second stage the secretory immunoglobulins were precipitated, leaving a majority of the low molecular weight proteins in solution. The re-dissolved secretory immunoglobulin fraction had a purity of 43% which could then be increased to 72% by diafiltration at a volume exchange factor of 10. Further increase of purity was only possible at the expense of very high buffer consumption. If diafiltration was performed directly after ultrafiltration, followed by precipitation, the yield was higher but purity was only 54%. Overall, filtration performance was characterized by high concentration polarization, therefore process conditions were set to low trans-membrane pressure and moderate protein concentration. As such purity and to a lesser extent throughput were the major objectives rather than yield, since whey, as a by-product of the dairy industry, is a cheap raw material of almost unlimited supply. Ultra-/diafiltration performance was described well by correlations using dimensionless numbers. Compared with a theoretical model (Graetz/Leveque solution) the flux was slightly overestimated. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:642-653, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Matlschweiger
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, 1190, Austria
| | - Gottfried Himmler
- Angothera GmbH, Donau-Oder Kanal IV SW 80, Gross-Enzersdorf, 2301, Austria
| | - Clemens Linhart
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, 1190, Austria
| | - Michael Harasek
- Inst. of Chemical Engineering, Research Div.: Thermal Process Engineering and Simulation, Technical University of Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| | - Rainer Hahn
- Dept. of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, 1190, Austria
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Nakanishi K, Morikane S, Ichikawa S, Kurohane K, Niwa Y, Akimoto Y, Matsubara S, Kawakami H, Kobayashi H, Imai Y. Protection of Human Colon Cells from Shiga Toxin by Plant-based Recombinant Secretory IgA. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45843. [PMID: 28368034 PMCID: PMC5377459 DOI: 10.1038/srep45843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin is a major virulence factor of food-poisoning caused by Escherichia coli such as O157:H7. Secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A (SIgA) is supposed to prevent infection of the mucosal surface and is a candidate agent for oral immunotherapy. We previously established a recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) consisting of variable regions from a mouse IgG mAb specific for the binding subunit of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) and the Fc region of mouse IgA. Here we produced a secretory form of the recombinant IgA (S-hyIgA) with transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant. All the S-hyIgA cDNAs (heavy, light, J chain and secretory component) were expressed under the control of a bidirectional promoter of a chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of A. thaliana without using a viral promoter. The plant-based S-hyIgA exhibited antigen binding, and was modified with plant-specific N-linked sugar chains. The Ig heavy chain and secretory components were observed in an intracellular protein body-like structure of the transgenic leaves on immuno-electron microscopy. An extract of the transgenic leaves neutralized the cytotoxicity of Stx1 toward butyrate-treated Caco-2 cells, a human colon carcinoma cell line. These results will contribute to the development of edible therapeutic antibodies such as those for the treatment of mucosal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shota Morikane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shiori Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kohta Kurohane
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niwa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Akimoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Sachie Matsubara
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Hayato Kawakami
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Imai
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Michaelsen TE, Emilsen S, Sandin RH, Granerud BK, Bratlie D, Ihle O, Sandlie I. Human Secretory IgM Antibodies Activate Human Complement and Offer Protection at Mucosal Surface. Scand J Immunol 2017; 85:43-50. [PMID: 27864913 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IgM molecules circulate in serum as large polymers, mainly pentamers, which can be transported by the poly-Ig receptor (pIgR) across epithelial cells to mucosal surfaces and released as secretory IgM (SIgM). The mucosal SIgM molecules have non-covalently attached secretory component (SC), which is the extracellular part of pIgR which is cleaved from the epithelial cell membrane. Serum IgM antibodies do not contain SC and have previously been shown to make a conformational change from 'a star' to a 'staple' conformation upon reaction with antigens on a cell surface, enabling them to activate complement. However, it is not clear whether SIgM similarly can induce complement activation. To clarify this issue, we constructed recombinant chimeric (mouse/human) IgM antibodies against hapten 5-iodo-4-hydroxy-3-nitro-phenacetyl (NIP) and in addition studied polyclonal IgM formed after immunization with a meningococcal group B vaccine. The monoclonal and polyclonal IgM molecules were purified by affinity chromatography on a column containing human SC in order to isolate joining-chain (J-chain) containing IgM, followed by addition of excess amounts of soluble SC to create SIgM (IgM J+ SC+). These SIgM preparations were tested for complement activation ability and shown to be nearly as active as the parental IgM J+ molecules. Thus, SIgM may offer protection against pathogens at mucosal surface by complement-mediated cell lysis or by phagocytosis mediated by complement receptors present on effector cells on mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Michaelsen
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - R H Sandin
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - B K Granerud
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Bratlie
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - O Ihle
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - I Sandlie
- Centre for Immune Regulation (CIR) University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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van der Wielen PA, Holmes AR, Cannon RD. Secretory component mediates Candida albicans binding to epithelial cells. Oral Dis 2017; 22:69-74. [PMID: 26577981 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Candida albicans attaches to oral surfaces via a number of mechanisms including adherence mediated by salivary components adsorbed to the C. albicans cell surface. Our goal was to identify the salivary molecules involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biotinylated salivary polypeptides that were bound by C. albicans were detected in extracts from washed, saliva-treated yeast cells by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electroblot or immunoblot transfer analysis and purified by electroelution. Purified material was tested for the ability to promote the adherence of radiolabelled C. albicans yeast cells to cultured epithelial monolayers. RESULTS Three of the polypeptides bound by C. albicans cells were identified as components of secretory IgA, including secretory component. Using non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we demonstrated that secretory component could be detected in its free form in saliva, and was bound by yeast cells. Secretory component which was purified by electroelution from non-denaturing PAGE-separated saliva, without detectable complete IgA, promoted adherence of yeast cells to cultured epithelial monolayers in a dose-dependent fashion. CONCLUSION These results indicate that despite the inhibitory effect on adherence of IgA specific to C. albicans, IgA components, in particular secretory component, also promote binding to cultured epithelial monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A van der Wielen
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Faculty of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A R Holmes
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Faculty of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - R D Cannon
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago Faculty of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Späth PJ, Schneider C, von Gunten S. Clinical Use and Therapeutic Potential of IVIG/SCIG, Plasma-Derived IgA or IgM, and Other Alternative Immunoglobulin Preparations. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 65:215-231. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Vasilev N, Smales CM, Schillberg S, Fischer R, Schiermeyer A. Developments in the production of mucosal antibodies in plants. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:77-87. [PMID: 26626615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant mucosal antibodies represent attractive target molecules for the development of next generation biopharmaceuticals for passive immunization against various infectious diseases and treatment of patients suffering from mucosal antibody deficiencies. As these polymeric antibodies require complex post-translational modifications and correct subunit assembly, they are considered as difficult-to-produce recombinant proteins. Beside the traditional, mammalian-based production platforms, plants are emerging as alternative expression hosts for this type of complex macromolecule. Plant cells are able to produce high-quality mucosal antibodies as shown by the successful expression of the secretory immunoglobulins A (IgA) and M (IgM) in various antibody formats in different plant species including tobacco and its close relative Nicotiana benthamiana, maize, tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana. Importantly for biotherapeutic application, transgenic plants are capable of synthesizing functional IgA and IgM molecules with biological activity and safety profiles comparable with their native mammalian counterparts. This article reviews the structure and function of mucosal IgA and IgM antibodies and summarizes the current knowledge of their production and processing in plant host systems. Specific emphasis is given to consideration of intracellular transport processes as these affect assembly of the mature immunoglobulins, their secretion rates, proteolysis/degradation and glycosylation patterns. Furthermore, this review provides an outline of glycoengineering efforts that have been undertaken so far to produce antibodies with homogenous human-like glycan decoration. We believe that the continued development of our understanding of the plant cellular machinery related to the heterologous expression of immunoglobulins will further improve the production levels, quality and control of post-translational modifications that are 'human-like' from plant systems and enhance the prospects for the regulatory approval of such molecules leading to the commercial exploitation of plant-derived mucosal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Vasilev
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mark Smales
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, CT2 7NJ Kent, UK
| | - Stefan Schillberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Molecular Biotechnology, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Schiermeyer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Virdi V, Juarez P, Boudolf V, Depicker A. Recombinant IgA production for mucosal passive immunization, advancing beyond the hurdles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:535-45. [PMID: 26511868 PMCID: PMC11108522 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is a successful strategy to proactively develop immunity to a certain pathogen, but most vaccines fail to trigger a specific immune response at the mucosal surfaces, which are the first port of entry for infectious agents. At the mucosal surfaces, the predominant immunoglobulin is secretory IgA (SIgA) that specifically neutralizes viruses and prevents bacterial colonization. Mucosal passive immunization, i.e. the application of pathogen-specific SIgAs at the mucosae, can be an effective alternative to achieve mucosal protection. However, this approach is not straightforward, mainly because SIgAs are difficult to obtain from convalescent sources, while recombinant SIgA production is challenging due to its complex structure. This review provides an overview of manufacturing difficulties presented by the unique structural diversity of SIgAs, and the innovative solutions being explored for SIgA production in mammalian and plant expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Virdi
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Paloma Juarez
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Boudolf
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Depicker
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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34
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Polyclonal Antibody Therapies for Clostridium difficile Infection. Antibodies (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/antib3040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Longet S, Vonarburg C, Lötscher M, Miescher S, Zuercher A, Corthésy B. Reconstituted human polyclonal plasma-derived secretory-like IgM and IgA maintain the barrier function of epithelial cells infected with an enteropathogen. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21617-26. [PMID: 24951593 PMCID: PMC4118121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous administration of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies has proven to be a clinically valid approach in the treatment, or at least relief, of many acute and chronic pathologies, such as infection, immunodeficiency, and a broad range of autoimmune conditions. Plasma-derived IgG or recombinant IgG are most frequently used for intravenous or subcutaneous administration, whereas a few IgM-based products are available as well. We have established recently that secretory-like IgA and IgM can be produced upon association of plasma-derived polymeric IgA and IgM with a recombinant secretory component. As a next step toward potential future mucosal administration, we sought to unravel the mechanisms by which these secretory Igs protect epithelial cells located at the interface between the environment and the inside of the body. By using polarized epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers and Shigella flexneri as a model enteropathogen, we found that polyspecific plasma-derived SIgA and SIgM fulfill many protective functions, including dose-dependent recognition of the antigen via formation of aggregated immune complexes, reduction of bacterial infectivity, maintenance of epithelial cell integrity, and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine production by epithelial cells. In this in vitro model devoid of other cellular or molecular interfering partners, IgM and secretory IgM showed stronger bacterial neutralization than secretory IgA. Together, these data suggest that mucosally delivered antibody preparations may be most effective when combining both secretory-like IgA and IgM, which, together, play a crucial role in preserving several levels of epithelial cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Longet
- From the R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland and
| | | | - Marius Lötscher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Miescher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Zuercher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Blaise Corthésy
- From the R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland and CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
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Yamaki K, Miyatake K, Nakashima T, Morioka A, Yamamoto M, Ishibashi Y, Ito A, Kuranishi A, Yoshino S. Intravenous IgA complexed with antigen reduces primary antibody response to the antigen and anaphylaxis upon antigen re-exposure by inhibiting Th1 and Th2 activation in mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36:316-28. [PMID: 25077632 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2014.946143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Serum IgG, IgE and IgM have been shown to enhance the primary antibody responses upon exposure to the soluble antigens recognized by those antibodies. However, how IgA affects these responses remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of intravenously administered monoclonal IgA on the immune responses in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS DBA/1J mice were immunized with ovalbumin in the presence or absence of anti-ovalbumin monoclonal IgA. The Th1 and Th2 immune responses to ovalbumin and the anaphylaxis induced by re-exposure to ovalbumin were measured. RESULTS IgA complexed with antigen attenuated the primary antibody responses to the antigen in mice, in contrast to IgG2b and IgE. The primary antibody responses, i.e. the de novo synthesis of anti-ovalbumin IgG2a, IgG1 and IgE in the serum, and the subsequent anaphylaxis induced with re-exposure to ovalbumin were reduced by the co-injection of anti-ovalbumin monoclonal IgA at ovalbumin immunization. The Th1, Th2 and Tr1 cytokines interferon-γ, interleukin-4 and interleukin-10, respectively, released from ovalbumin-restimulated cultured splenocytes collected from allergic mice were also reduced by the treatment. The induction of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 secretion by splenocytes from ovalbumin-immunized mice stimulated in vitro with ovalbumin was also significantly reduced by the antigen complexed with anti-ovalbumin IgA. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the direct inhibition of Th1 and Th2 activation by anti-ovalbumin monoclonal IgA participates in the inhibition of the primary antibody responses. IgA plays important immunosuppressive roles under physiological and pathological conditions and is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouya Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan
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Iwata K, Kurohane K, Nakanishi K, Miyake M, Imai Y. Stable expression and characterization of monomeric and dimeric recombinant hybrid-IgG/IgA immunoglobulins specific for Shiga toxin. Biol Pharm Bull 2014; 37:1510-5. [PMID: 24989136 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) may be useful for preventing infectious diseases through passive immunization on the mucosal surface. We previously established mouse IgA and IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for the binding subunit of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1B). We also developed a recombinant hybrid-IgG/IgA, in which variable regions from the IgG mAb were present. The binding activity of recombinant hybrid-IgG/IgA was verified by transient expression. Aiming at a constant supply, we established Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing monomeric or dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA. The cDNAs encoding heavy and light chains were co-expressed for the monomeric hybrid-IgG/IgA, while those encoding heavy, light, and joining chains were co-expressed for the dimeric one. Serum-free culture supernatants of the cloned transfectants were subjected to size-exclusion chromatography. The elution patterns showed that the binding to immobilized Stx1B and the immunoblot signals of assembled immunoglobulins were correlated. In the transfectant for the dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA, both monomers and dimers were observed. Size-exclusion chromatography enabled us to prepare a sample of the dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA devoid of the monomeric one. The monomeric and dimeric forms of hybrid-IgG/IgA were prepared from the respective transfectants to examine the neutralization of Stx1. After pretreatment with monomeric or dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA, the cytotoxicity of Stx1 toward Vero cells was abolished. Furthermore, the dimeric form was more than 10-fold more effective than the monomeric one in terms of toxin neutralization. These results suggest that the tetravalent feature of the binding sites of the dimeric hybrid-IgG/IgA contributes to the efficacy of toxin neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Iwata
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Shizuoka School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Corthésy B. Multi-faceted functions of secretory IgA at mucosal surfaces. Front Immunol 2013; 4:185. [PMID: 23874333 PMCID: PMC3709412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory IgA (SIgA) plays an important role in the protection and homeostatic regulation of intestinal, respiratory, and urogenital mucosal epithelia separating the outside environment from the inside of the body. This primary function of SIgA is referred to as immune exclusion, a process that limits the access of numerous microorganisms and mucosal antigens to these thin and vulnerable mucosal barriers. SIgA has been shown to be involved in avoiding opportunistic pathogens to enter and disseminate in the systemic compartment, as well as tightly controlling the necessary symbiotic relationship existing between commensals and the host. Clearance by peristalsis appears thus as one of the numerous mechanisms whereby SIgA fulfills its function at mucosal surfaces. Sampling of antigen-SIgA complexes by microfold (M) cells, intimate contact occurring with Peyer’s patch dendritic cells (DC), down-regulation of inflammatory processes, modulation of epithelial, and DC responsiveness are some of the recently identified processes to which the contribution of SIgA has been underscored. This review aims at presenting, with emphasis at the biochemical level, how the molecular complexity of SIgA can serve these multiple and non-redundant modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Corthésy
- R&D Laboratory, Department of Immunology and Allergy, University State Hospital Lausanne (CHUV) , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Orally fed seeds producing designer IgAs protect weaned piglets against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:11809-14. [PMID: 23801763 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1301975110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral feed-based passive immunization can be a promising strategy to prolong maternal lactogenic immunity against postweaning infections. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-caused postweaning diarrhea in piglets is one such infection that may be prevented by oral passive immunization and might avert recurrent economic losses to the pig farming industry. As a proof of principle, we designed anti-ETEC antibodies by fusing variable domains of llama heavy chain-only antibodies (VHHs) against ETEC to the Fc part of a porcine immunoglobulin (IgG or IgA) and expressed them in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. In this way, four VHH-IgG and four VHH-IgA antibodies were produced to levels of about 3% and 0.2% of seed weight, respectively. Cotransformation of VHH-IgA with the porcine joining chain and secretory component led to the production of light-chain devoid, assembled multivalent dimeric, and secretory IgA-like antibodies. In vitro analysis of all of the antibody-producing seed extracts showed inhibition of bacterial binding to porcine gut villous enterocytes. However, in the piglet feed-challenge experiment, only the piglets receiving feed containing the VHH-IgA-based antibodies (dose 20 mg/d per pig) were protected. Piglets receiving the VHH-IgA-based antibodies in the feed showed a progressive decline in shedding of bacteria, significantly lower immune responses corroborating reduced exposure to the ETEC pathogen, and a significantly higher weight gain compared with the piglets receiving VHH-IgG producing (dose 80 mg/d per pig) or wild-type seeds. These results stress the importance of the antibody format in oral passive immunization and encourage future expression of these antibodies in crop seeds.
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The future of immunoglobulin therapy: An overview of the 2nd international workshop on natural antibodies in health and disease. Autoimmun Rev 2013; 12:639-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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