1
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Naik D, Kalle AM. MicroRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of HDAC8 and HDAC6: Functional significance in cervical cancer. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:732-743. [PMID: 38577018 PMCID: PMC10990743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer, a leading global cause of female mortality, exhibits diverse molecular aberrations influencing gene expression and signaling pathways. Epigenetic factors, including histone deacetylases (HDACs) such as HDAC8 and HDAC6, along with microRNAs (miRNAs), play pivotal roles in cervical cancer progression. Recent investigations have unveiled miRNAs as potential regulators of HDACs, offering a promising therapeutic avenue. This study employed in-silico miRNA prediction, qRT-PCR co-expression studies, and Dual-Luciferase reporter assays to identify miRNAs governing HDAC8 and HDAC6 in HeLa, cervical cancer cells. Results pinpointed miR-497-3p and miR-324-3p as novel negative regulators of HDAC8 and HDAC6, respectively. Functional assays demonstrated that miR-497-3p overexpression in HeLa cells suppressed HDAC8, leading to increased acetylation of downstream targets p53 and α-tubulin. Similarly, miR-324-3p overexpression inhibited HDAC6 mRNA and protein expression, enhancing acetylation of Hsp90 and α-tubulin. Notably, inhibiting HDAC8 via miRNA overexpression correlated with reduced cell viability, diminished epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increased microtubule bundle formation in HeLa cells. In conclusion, miR-497-3p and miR-324-3p emerge as novel negative regulators of HDAC8 and HDAC6, respectively, with potential therapeutic implications. Elevated expression of these miRNAs in cervical cancer cells holds promise for inhibiting metastasis, offering a targeted approach for intervention in cervical malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Naik
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500046, India
| | - Arunasree M. Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana State, 500046, India
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2
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Prassanawar SS, Sarkar T, Panda D. CEP41, a ciliopathy-linked centrosomal protein, regulates microtubule assembly and cell proliferation. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261927. [PMID: 38841887 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Centrosomal proteins play pivotal roles in orchestrating microtubule dynamics, and their dysregulation leads to disorders, including cancer and ciliopathies. Understanding the multifaceted roles of centrosomal proteins is vital to comprehend their involvement in disease development. Here, we report novel cellular functions of CEP41, a centrosomal and ciliary protein implicated in Joubert syndrome. We show that CEP41 is an essential microtubule-associated protein with microtubule-stabilizing activity. Purified CEP41 binds to preformed microtubules, promotes microtubule nucleation and suppresses microtubule disassembly. When overexpressed in cultured cells, CEP41 localizes to microtubules and promotes microtubule bundling. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of CEP41 disrupts the interphase microtubule network and delays microtubule reassembly, emphasizing its role in microtubule organization. Further, we demonstrate that the association of CEP41 with microtubules relies on its conserved rhodanese homology domain (RHOD) and the N-terminal region. Interestingly, a disease-causing mutation in the RHOD domain impairs CEP41-microtubule interaction. Moreover, depletion of CEP41 inhibits cell proliferation and disrupts cell cycle progression, suggesting its potential involvement in cell cycle regulation. These insights into the cellular functions of CEP41 hold promise for unraveling the impact of its mutations in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Shyam Prassanawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tuhin Sarkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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3
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Ye PC, Leu WJ, Yeh TY, Hsu YT, Lin YC, Wei ZY, Chen YC, Chiang YC, Hsu JL, Chan SH, Hsu LC, Chern JW, Yu CW, Guh JH. A novel HDAC6 inhibitor interferes microtubule dynamics and spindle assembly checkpoint and sensitizes cisplatin-induced apoptosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:605-619. [PMID: 38375594 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the most refractory prostate cancer, inevitably progresses and becomes unresponsive to hormone therapy, revealing a pressing unmet need for this disease. Novel agents targeting HDAC6 and microtubule dynamics can be a potential anti-CRPC strategy. METHODS Cell proliferation was examined in CRPC PC-3 and DU-145 cells using sulforhodamine B assay and anchorage-dependent colony formation assay. Flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide staining was used to determine cell-cycle progression. Cell-based tubulin polymerization assay and confocal immunofluorescence microscopic examination determine microtubule assembly/disassembly status. Protein expressions were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS A total of 82 novel derivatives targeting HDAC6 were designed and synthesized, and Compound 25202 stood out, showing the highest efficacy in blocking HDAC6 (IC50, 3.5 nM in enzyme assay; IC50, 1.0 μM in antiproliferative assay in CRPC cells), superior to tubastatin A (IC50, 5.4 μM in antiproliferative assay). The selectivity and superiority of 25202 were validated by examining the acetylation of both α-tubulin and histone H3, detecting cell apoptosis and HDACs enzyme activity assessment. Notably, 25202 but not tubastatin A significantly decreased HDAC6 protein expression. 25202 prolonged mitotic arrest through the detection of cyclin B1 upregulation, Cdk1 activation, mitotic phosphoprotein levels, and Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Compound 25202 did not mimic docetaxel in inducing tubulin polymerization but disrupted microtubule organization. Compound 25202 also increased the phosphorylation of CDC20, BUB1, and BUBR1, indicating the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Moreover, 25202 profoundly sensitized cisplatin-induced cell death through impairment of cisplatin-evoked DNA damage response and DNA repair in both ATR-Chk1 and ATM-Chk2 pathways. CONCLUSION The data suggest that 25202 is a novel selective and potent HDAC6 inhibitor. Compound 25202 blocks HDAC6 activity and interferes microtubule dynamics, leading to SAC activation and mitotic arrest prolongation that eventually cause apoptosis of CRPC cells. Furthermore, 25202 sensitizes cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis through impeding DNA damage repair pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Ye
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wohn-Jenn Leu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tung Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Chiang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Mondal P, Bai P, Gomm A, Bakiasi G, Lin CJ, Wang Y, Choi SH, Tanzi RE, Wang C, Zhang C. Structure-Based Discovery of A Small Molecule Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) that Significantly Reduces Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304545. [PMID: 37990786 PMCID: PMC10767396 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is one of the key histone deacetylases (HDACs) that regulates various cellular functions including clearance of misfolded protein and immunological responses. Considerable evidence suggests that HDAC6 is closely related to amyloid and tau pathology, the two primary hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is still unclear whether HDAC6 expression changes with amyloid deposition in AD during disease progression or HDAC6 may be regulating amyloid phagocytosis or neuroinflammation or other neuropathological changes in AD. In this work, the pathological accumulation of HDAC6 in AD brains over age as well as the relationship of its regulatory activity - with amyloid pathogenesis and pathophysiological alterations is aimed to be enlightened using the newly developed HDAC6 inhibitor (HDAC6i) PB118 in microglia BV2 cell and 3D-AD human neural culture model. Results suggest that the structure-based rational design led to biologically compelling HDAC6i PB118 with multiple mechanisms that clear Aβ deposits by upregulating phagocytosis, improve tubulin/microtubule network by enhancing acetyl α-tubulin levels, regulate different cytokines and chemokines responsible for inflammation, and significantly reduce phospho-tau (p-tau) levels associated with AD. These findings indicate that HDAC6 plays key roles in the pathophysiology of AD and potentially serves as a suitable pharmacological target through chemical biology-based drug discovery in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ping Bai
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBuilding 149, CharlestownBostonMA02129USA
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Grisilda Bakiasi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Chih‐Chung Jerry Lin
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Yanli Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBuilding 149, CharlestownBostonMA02129USA
| | - Se Hoon Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBuilding 149, CharlestownBostonMA02129USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School BostonCharlestownBostonMA02114USA
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5
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Das A, Chakrabarty S, Nag D, Paul S, Ganguli A, Chakrabarti G. Heavy water (D 2O) induces autophagy-dependent apoptotic cell death in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon microtubule disruption. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 93:105703. [PMID: 37751786 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deuterium oxide (D2O) or heavy water is known to have diverse biological activities and have a few therapeutic applications due to its limited toxicity to human subjects. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of D2O-induced cytotoxicity in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. RESULTS We found that D2O-treatment resulted in cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in A549 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, limited cytotoxicity was observed in lung fibroblasts WI38 cells. Moreover, D2O-treatment resulted in the disruption of the cellular microtubule network, accompanied by the generation of ROS. On further investigation, we observed that the intracellular ROS triggered autophagic responses in D2O-treated cells, leading to apoptosis by inhibiting the oncogenic PI3K/ Akt/ mTOR signaling. D2O-treatment was also found to enhance the efficacy of paclitaxel in A549 cells. SIGNIFICANCE D2O induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis in A549 cells via ROS generation upon microtubule depolymerization and inhibition of PI3K/ Akt/ mTOR signaling. It augments the efficacy of other microtubule-targeting anticancer drug taxol, which indicates the potential therapeutic importance of D2O as an anticancer agent either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Das
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India; Department of Biochemistry, Royal School of Biosciences, The Assam Royal Global University, Assam 781035, India.
| | - Subhendu Chakrabarty
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India; Department of Microbiology, M.U.C. Women's College, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Debasish Nag
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India
| | - Santanu Paul
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, West Bengal 700121, India
| | - Arnab Ganguli
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, West Bengal 700091, India
| | - Gopal Chakrabarti
- Department of Biotechnology and Dr. B.C. Guha Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India.
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6
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Giri P, Batra PJ, Kumari A, Hura N, Adhikary R, Acharya A, Guchhait SK, Panda D. Development of QTMP: A promising anticancer agent through NP-Privileged Motif-Driven structural modulation. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117489. [PMID: 37816266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study of creating new molecules from clinical trial agents, an approach of Combretastatin structural modulation with the installation of NP-privileged motifs was considered, and a series of trimethoxyphenyl-2-aminoimidazole with functionalized quinolines and isoquinolines was investigated. An exciting method of quinoline C3-H iodination coupled with imidazopyridine-C3-H arylation and hydrazine-mediated fused-ring cleavage enabled synthesizing a class of compounds with two specific unsymmetric aryl substitutions. Interestingly, three compounds (6, 11, and 13) strongly inhibited HeLa cell proliferation with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (10-46 nM). Among the compounds, compound 6 (QTMP) showed stronger antiproliferative ability than CA-4 (a clinical trial agent) in various cancer cell lines, including cervical, lung, breast, highly metastatic breast, and melanoma cells. QTMP inhibited the assembly of purified tubulin, depolymerized microtubules of A549 lung carcinoma cells, produced defective spindles, and arrested the cells in the G2/M phase. Further, QTMP binds to the colchicine site in tubulin with a dissociation constant of 5.0 ± 0.6 µM. QTMP displayed higher aqueous stability than CA-4 at 37 °C. Further, in silico analysis of QTMP indicated excellent drug-like properties, including good aqueous solubility, balanced hydrophilicity-lipophilicity, and high GI-absorption ability. The results together suggest that QTMP has anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Giri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Pooja J Batra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Anuradha Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Neha Hura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Rishav Adhikary
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ayan Acharya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sankar Kumar Guchhait
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
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7
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Sinatra L, Vogelmann A, Friedrich F, Tararina MA, Neuwirt E, Colcerasa A, König P, Toy L, Yesiloglu TZ, Hilscher S, Gaitzsch L, Papenkordt N, Zhai S, Zhang L, Romier C, Einsle O, Sippl W, Schutkowski M, Gross O, Bendas G, Christianson DW, Hansen FK, Jung M, Schiedel M. Development of First-in-Class Dual Sirt2/HDAC6 Inhibitors as Molecular Tools for Dual Inhibition of Tubulin Deacetylation. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14787-14814. [PMID: 37902787 PMCID: PMC10641818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of both tubulin deacetylases sirtuin 2 (Sirt2) and the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been associated with the pathogenesis of cancer and neurodegeneration, thus making these two enzymes promising targets for pharmaceutical intervention. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and biological characterization of the first-in-class dual Sirt2/HDAC6 inhibitors as molecular tools for dual inhibition of tubulin deacetylation. Using biochemical in vitro assays and cell-based methods for target engagement, we identified Mz325 (33) as a potent and selective inhibitor of both target enzymes. Inhibition of both targets was further confirmed by X-ray crystal structures of Sirt2 and HDAC6 in complex with building blocks of 33. In ovarian cancer cells, 33 evoked enhanced effects on cell viability compared to single or combination treatment with the unconjugated Sirt2 and HDAC6 inhibitors. Thus, our dual Sirt2/HDAC6 inhibitors are important new tools to study the consequences and the therapeutic potential of dual inhibition of tubulin deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sinatra
- Institute
for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, Leipzig
University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Vogelmann
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Friedrich
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Margarita A. Tararina
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Emilia Neuwirt
- Institute
of Neuropathology, Medical Center−University of Freiburg, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS−Centre
for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arianna Colcerasa
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp König
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lara Toy
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Talha Z. Yesiloglu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 2-4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sebastian Hilscher
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 2-4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department
of Enzymology, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Institute of Biochemistry
and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University
Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Lena Gaitzsch
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Papenkordt
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shiyang Zhai
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute
of Biochemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christophe Romier
- Institut
de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire
(IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg,
CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm UMR-S 1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute
of Biochemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 2-4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department
of Enzymology, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Institute of Biochemistry
and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University
Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Olaf Gross
- Institute
of Neuropathology, Medical Center−University of Freiburg, Faculty
of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS−Centre
for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center
for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 64, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Bendas
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - David W. Christianson
- Roy
and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Institute
for Drug Discovery, Medical Faculty, Leipzig
University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department
of Pharmaceutical & Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiedel
- Department
of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute
of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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8
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López-Guajardo A, Zafar A, Al Hennawi K, Rossi V, Alrwaili A, Medcalf JD, Dunning M, Nordgren N, Pettersson T, Estabrook ID, Hawkins RJ, Gad AKB. Regulation of cellular contractile force, shape and migration of fibroblasts by oncogenes and Histone deacetylase 6. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1197814. [PMID: 37564130 PMCID: PMC10411354 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1197814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity of cells to adhere to, exert forces upon and migrate through their surrounding environment governs tissue regeneration and cancer metastasis. The role of the physical contractile forces that cells exert in this process, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We, therefore, aimed to clarify if the extracellular forces that cells exert on their environment and/or the intracellular forces that deform the cell nucleus, and the link between these forces, are defective in transformed and invasive fibroblasts, and to indicate the underlying molecular mechanism of control. Confocal, Epifluorescence and Traction force microscopy, followed by computational analysis, showed an increased maximum contractile force that cells apply on their environment and a decreased intracellular force on the cell nucleus in the invasive fibroblasts, as compared to normal control cells. Loss of HDAC6 activity by tubacin-treatment and siRNA-mediated HDAC6 knockdown also reversed the reduced size and more circular shape and defective migration of the transformed and invasive cells to normal. However, only tubacin-mediated, and not siRNA knockdown reversed the increased force of the invasive cells on their surrounding environment to normal, with no effects on nuclear forces. We observed that the forces on the environment and the nucleus were weakly positively correlated, with the exception of HDAC6 siRNA-treated cells, in which the correlation was weakly negative. The transformed and invasive fibroblasts showed an increased number and smaller cell-matrix adhesions than control, and neither tubacin-treatment, nor HDAC6 knockdown reversed this phenotype to normal, but instead increased it further. This highlights the possibility that the control of contractile force requires separate functions of HDAC6, than the control of cell adhesions, spreading and shape. These data are consistent with the possibility that defective force-transduction from the extracellular environment to the nucleus contributes to metastasis, via a mechanism that depends upon HDAC6. To our knowledge, our findings present the first correlation between the cellular forces that deforms the surrounding environment and the nucleus in fibroblasts, and it expands our understanding of how cells generate contractile forces that contribute to cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Guajardo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Azeer Zafar
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Khairat Al Hennawi
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Rossi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Abdulaziz Alrwaili
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica D. Medcalf
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Dunning
- Bioinformatics Core, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Niklas Nordgren
- Division Bioeconomy and Health, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Pettersson
- Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian D. Estabrook
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rhoda J. Hawkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Accra, Ghana
| | - Annica K. B. Gad
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Madeira Chemistry Research Centre, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Mukherjee S, Sawant AV, Prassanawar SS, Panda D. Copper-Plumbagin Complex Produces Potent Anticancer Effects by Depolymerizing Microtubules and Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3221-3235. [PMID: 36713695 PMCID: PMC9878539 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we have synthesized a copper complex of plumbagin (Cu-PLN) and investigated its antiproliferative activities in different cancer cells. The crystal structure of Cu-PLN showed that the complex was square planar with a binding stoichiometry of 1:2 (Cu/Plumbagin). Cu-PLN inhibited the proliferation of human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human breast cancer (MCF-7), and murine melanoma (B16F10) cells with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.85 ± 0.05, 2.3 ± 0.1, and 1.1 ± 0.1 μM, respectively. Plumbagin inhibited the proliferation of HeLa, MCF-7, and B16F10 cells with IC50 of 7 ± 0.1, 8.2 ± 0.2, and 6.2 ± 0.4 μM, respectively, showing that Cu-PLN is a stronger antiproliferative agent than plumbagin. Interestingly, Cu-PLN showed much stronger toxicity against breast carcinoma and skin melanoma cells than noncancerous breast epithelial and skin fibroblast cells, indicating its specific cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. A short exposure of Cu-PLN triggered microtubule disassembly in cultured cancer cells, and the complex also inhibited the polymerization of purified tubulin much more strongly than plumbagin. Furthermore, Cu-PLN inhibited the binding of colchicine to tubulin. In addition to microtubule depolymerization, the antiproliferative mechanism of Cu-PLN involved induction of reactive oxygen species, reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA damage. Moreover, the cytotoxic effects of Cu-PLN reduced significantly in cells pre-treated with N-acetyl cysteine, suggesting that reactive oxygen species generation is crucial in Cu-PLN's mode of action. Thus, the complexation of plumbagin with copper yields a promising antitumor agent having a stronger antiproliferative activity than cisplatin, a widely used anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Mukherjee
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Avishkar V. Sawant
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shweta S. Prassanawar
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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10
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Kaur S, Rajoria P, Chopra M. HDAC6: A unique HDAC family member as a cancer target. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:779-829. [PMID: 36036883 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HDAC6, a structurally and functionally distinct member of the HDAC family, is an integral part of multiple cellular functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, DNA damage and genomic stability, all of which when deregulated contribute to carcinogenesis. Among several HDAC family members known so far, HDAC6 holds a unique position. It differs from the other HDAC family members not only in terms of its subcellular localization, but also in terms of its substrate repertoire and hence cellular functions. Recent findings have considerably expanded the research related to the substrate pool, biological functions and regulation of HDAC6. Studies in HDAC6 knockout mice highlighted the importance of HDAC6 as a cell survival player in stressful situations, making it an important anticancer target. There is ample evidence stressing the importance of HDAC6 as an anti-cancer synergistic partner of many chemotherapeutic drugs. HDAC6 inhibitors have been found to enhance the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs such as DNA damaging agents, proteasome inhibitors and microtubule inhibitors, thereby highlighting the importance of combination therapies involving HDAC6 inhibitors and other anti-cancer agents. CONCLUSIONS Here, we present a review on HDAC6 with emphasis on its role as a critical regulator of specific physiological cellular pathways which when deregulated contribute to tumorigenesis, thereby highlighting the importance of HDAC6 inhibitors as important anticancer agents alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. We also discuss the synergistic anticancer effect of combination therapies of HDAC6 inhibitors with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Kaur
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Anticancer Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Prerna Rajoria
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Anticancer Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Madhu Chopra
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Anticancer Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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11
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Effects of Combined Pentadecanoic Acid and Tamoxifen Treatment on Tamoxifen Resistance in MCF−7/SC Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911340. [PMID: 36232636 PMCID: PMC9570034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors are indicators of breast cancer adaptability to endocrine therapies, such as tamoxifen. Deficiency or absence of estrogen receptor α (ER−α) in breast cancer cells results in reduced efficacy of endocrine therapy. Here, we investigated the effect of combined tamoxifen and pentadecanoic acid therapy on ER−α−under−expressing breast cancer cells. Drug resistance gene expression patterns were determined by RNA sequencing analysis and in vitro experiments. For the first time, we demonstrate that the combined treatment of pentadecanoic acid, an odd−chain fatty acid, and tamoxifen synergistically suppresses the growth of human breast carcinoma MCF−7 stem cells (MCF−7/SCs), which were found to be tamoxifen−resistant and showed reduced ER−α expression compared with the parental MCF−7 cells. In addition, the combined treatment synergistically induced apoptosis and accumulation of sub−G1 cells and suppressed epithelial−to−mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exposure to this combination induces re−expression of ER−α at the transcriptional and protein levels, along with suppression of critical survival signal pathways, such as ERK1/2, MAPK, EGFR, and mTOR. Collectively, decreased ER−α expression was restored by pentadecanoic acid treatment, resulting in reversal of tamoxifen resistance. Overall, pentadecanoic acid exhibits the potential to enhance the efficacy of endocrine therapy in the treatment of ER−α−under−expressing breast cancer cells.
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12
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KIF17 maintains the epithelial phenotype of breast cancer cells and curbs tumour metastasis. Cancer Lett 2022; 548:215904. [PMID: 36089118 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Kinesin superfamily motor protein 17 (KIF17) was previously identified downregulated in breast cancer and correlated with patient prognosis. However, its pathophysiological role in tumours remains unknown. Here, we confirmed that KIF17 was significantly under-expressed in breast cancer tissues and low KIF17 expression correlated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that KIF17 overexpression in breast cancer cell lines significantly inhibited breast cancer invasion and metastasis. By establishing the lung metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell lines, we found a transient silence of KIF17 during the initiation of breast cancer metastasis. Further experiments revealed that KIF17 might suppress metastasis by regulating the level of acetylated tubulin to maintain cytoskeleton stability. Eventually, we found that the low expression of KIF17 in breast cancer is regulated by DNMT1-mediated 5-mC DNA methylation and epigenetic silencing. Decitabine can effectively improve the expression level of KIF17 in breast cancer cells. Our study demonstrates that KIF17 mediates microtubule acetylation to maintain the stability of microtubules, thereby inhibiting tumour invasion and metastasis.
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13
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Dihydropyrazole-Carbohydrazide Derivatives with Dual Activity as Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Drugs on Breast Cancer Targeting the HDAC6. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060690. [PMID: 35745608 PMCID: PMC9230091 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and is the second-most common cause of death in women worldwide. Because of this, the search for new drugs and targeted therapy to treat BC is an urgent and global need. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a promising anti-BC drug target associated with its development and progression. In the present work, the design and synthesis of a new family of dihydropyrazole-carbohydrazide derivatives (DPCH) derivatives focused on HDAC6 inhibitory activity is presented. Computational chemistry approaches were employed to rationalize the design and evaluate their physicochemical and toxic-biological properties. The new family of nine DPCH was synthesized and characterized. Compounds exhibited optimal physicochemical and toxicobiological properties for potential application as drugs to be used in humans. The in silico studies showed that compounds with –Br, –Cl, and –OH substituents had good affinity with the catalytic domain 2 of HDAC6 like the reference compounds. Nine DPCH derivatives were assayed on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 BC cell lines, showing antiproliferative activity with IC50 at μM range. Compound 2b showed, in vitro, an IC50 value of 12 ± 3 µM on human HDAC6. The antioxidant activity of DPCH derivatives showed that all the compounds exhibit antioxidant activity similar to that of ascorbic acid. In conclusion, the DPCH derivatives are promising drugs with therapeutic potential for the epigenetic treatment of BC, with low cytotoxicity towards healthy cells and important antioxidant activity.
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14
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Jeong HS, Kim HJ, Kim DH, Chung KW, Choi BO, Lee JE. Therapeutic Potential of CKD-504, a Novel Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor, in a Zebrafish Model of Neuromuscular Junction Disorders. Mol Cells 2022; 45:231-242. [PMID: 35356895 PMCID: PMC9001154 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.5005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is a synapse for signal transmission from motor neurons to muscle cells, has emerged as an important region because of its association with several peripheral neuropathies. In particular, mutations in GARS that affect the formation of NMJ result in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and distal hereditary motor neuropathy. These disorders are mainly considered to be caused by neuronal axon abnormalities; however, no treatment is currently available. Therefore, in order to determine whether the NMJ could be targeted to treat neurodegenerative disorders, we investigated the NMJ recovery effect of HDAC6 inhibitors, which have been used in the treatment of several peripheral neuropathies. In the present study, we demonstrated that HDAC6 inhibition was sufficient to enhance movement by restoring NMJ impairments observed in a zebrafish disease model. We found that CKD-504, a novel HDAC6 inhibitor, was effective in repairing NMJ defects, suggesting that treatment of neurodegenerative diseases via NMJ targeting is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
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15
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Bag A, Schultz A, Bhimani S, Stringfield O, Dominguez W, Mo Q, Cen L, Adeegbe D. Coupling the immunomodulatory properties of the HDAC6 inhibitor ACY241 with Oxaliplatin promotes robust anti-tumor response in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2042065. [PMID: 35223194 PMCID: PMC8865306 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2042065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
While HDAC inhibitors have shown promise in hematologic cancers, their efficacy remains limited in solid cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory properties of the HDAC6 inhibitor, Citarinostat (ACY241) on lung tumor immune compartment and its therapeutic potential in combination with Oxaliplatin. As a single agent, ACY241 treatment promoted increased infiltration, activation, proliferation, and effector function of T cells in the tumors of lung adenocarcinoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, tumor-associated macrophages exhibited downregulated expression of inhibitory ligands in favor of increased MHC and co-stimulatory molecules in addition to higher expression of CCL4 that favored increased T cell numbers in the tumors. RNA-sequencing of tumor-associated T cells and macrophages after ACY241 treatment revealed significant genomic changes that is consistent with improved T cell viability, reduced inhibitory molecular signature, and enhancement of macrophage capacity for improved T cell priming. Finally, coupling these ACY241-mediated effects with the chemotherapy drug Oxaliplatin led to significantly enhanced tumor-associated T cell effector functionality in lung cancer-bearing mice and in patient-derived tumors. Collectively, our studies highlight the molecular underpinnings of the expansive immunomodulatory activity of ACY241 and supports its suitability as a partner agent in combination with rationally selected chemotherapy agents for therapeutic intervention in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Bag
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew Schultz
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Saloni Bhimani
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Olya Stringfield
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - William Dominguez
- Small Animal Imaging Lab, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ling Cen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dennis Adeegbe
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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16
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Yan X, Tian R, Sun J, Zhao Y, Liu B, Su J, Li M, Sun W, Xu X. Sorafenib-Induced Autophagy Promotes Glycolysis by Upregulating the p62/HDAC6/HSP90 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:788667. [PMID: 35250553 PMCID: PMC8888828 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.788667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib has attracted much attention as the first drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of the drug tolerance, the overall outcomes were far from satisfactory. Current studies suggest that changes in glucose metabolism induced by sorafenib are the pivotal resistant mechanism of HCC cells, but the specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear, which makes it difficult to increase drug sensitivity by targeting glycolysis. As a metabolic-recycling pathway, autophagy regulates multiple important pathways involved in cell survival and death. In this study, we found the expression of key autophagy proteins were closely related to the prognosis and progression of HCC patients. Based on in vitro experiments, our studies showed sorafenib induced autophagy in HCC cells. Inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine could significantly increase the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib and reverse the enhancement of glycolysis. Furthermore, sorafenib-induced autophagy promoted the deacetylase activity of HDAC6 by degrading p62, which promoted the activity of PKM2 by regulating the acetylation of its critical substrate HSP90. In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy-induced HDAC6 in regulating the key glycolytic enzyme PKM2, which may be helpful to clarify the relationship between autophagy and glycolysis in a sorafenib-resistant mechanism. Targeting p62/HDAC6/HSP90 could herald a potential improvement in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Tian
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jicheng Sun
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Buhan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minghua Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Zebrafish Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission, Jilin, China
| | - Xuesong Xu
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Xuesong Xu,
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17
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Ruzic D, Djoković N, Srdić-Rajić T, Echeverria C, Nikolic K, Santibanez JF. Targeting Histone Deacetylases: Opportunities for Cancer Treatment and Chemoprevention. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010209. [PMID: 35057104 PMCID: PMC8778744 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of gene expression is a critical event involved in all steps of tumorigenesis. Aberrant histone and non-histone acetylation modifications of gene expression due to the abnormal activation of histone deacetylases (HDAC) have been reported in hematologic and solid types of cancer. In this sense, the cancer-associated epigenetic alterations are promising targets for anticancer therapy and chemoprevention. HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) induce histone hyperacetylation within target proteins, altering cell cycle and proliferation, cell differentiation, and the regulation of cell death programs. Over the last three decades, an increasing number of synthetic and naturally derived compounds, such as dietary-derived products, have been demonstrated to act as HDACi and have provided biological and molecular insights with regard to the role of HDAC in cancer. The first part of this review is focused on the biological roles of the Zinc-dependent HDAC family in malignant diseases. Accordingly, the small-molecules and natural products such as HDACi are described in terms of cancer therapy and chemoprevention. Furthermore, structural considerations are included to improve the HDACi selectivity and combinatory potential with other specific targeting agents in bifunctional inhibitors and proteolysis targeting chimeras. Additionally, clinical trials that combine HDACi with current therapies are discussed, which may open new avenues in terms of the feasibility of HDACi’s future clinical applications in precision cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Ruzic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Nemanja Djoković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Tatjana Srdić-Rajić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapo 1531772, Chile;
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (N.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Juan F. Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4, POB 102, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-11-2685-788; Fax: +381-11-2643-691
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18
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Desmin intermediate filaments and tubulin detyrosination stabilize growing microtubules in the cardiomyocyte. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:53. [PMID: 36326891 PMCID: PMC9633452 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In heart failure, an increased abundance of post-translationally detyrosinated microtubules stiffens the cardiomyocyte and impedes its contractile function. Detyrosination promotes interactions between microtubules, desmin intermediate filaments, and the sarcomere to increase cytoskeletal stiffness, yet the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. We hypothesized that detyrosination may regulate the growth and shrinkage of dynamic microtubules to facilitate interactions with desmin and the sarcomere. Through a combination of biochemical assays and direct observation of growing microtubule plus-ends in adult cardiomyocytes, we find that desmin is required to stabilize growing microtubules at the level of the sarcomere Z-disk, where desmin also rescues shrinking microtubules from continued depolymerization. Further, reducing detyrosination (i.e. tyrosination) below basal levels promotes frequent depolymerization and less efficient growth of microtubules. This is concomitant with tyrosination promoting the interaction of microtubules with the depolymerizing protein complex of end-binding protein 1 (EB1) and CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 1 (CLIP1/CLIP170). The dynamic growth and shrinkage of tyrosinated microtubules reduce their opportunity for stabilizing interactions at the Z-disk region, coincident with tyrosination globally reducing microtubule stability. These data provide a model for how intermediate filaments and tubulin detyrosination establish long-lived and physically reinforced microtubules that stiffen the cardiomyocyte and inform both the mechanism of action and therapeutic index for strategies aimed at restoring tyrosination for the treatment of cardiac disease.
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19
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Kumari A, Panda D. Monitoring the Disruptive Effects of Tubulin-Binding Agents on Cellular Microtubules. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2430:431-448. [PMID: 35476348 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1983-4_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tubulin-binding agents are an important class of chemotherapeutic agents. This chapter describes detailed protocols to examine the effects of tubulin-binding agents on cellular microtubules. The methods can be utilized for the screening of novel chemotherapeutic agents targeting microtubules. These assays can also be extended to study the effects of various proteins on the stability of microtubules. We have described five assays, which together provides qualitative and quantitative information about the effects of tubulin-binding agents on microtubule stability and dynamics. The key steps and crucial information regarding different steps have been included along with the theory of each of the assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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20
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Çakır I, Hadley CK, Pan PL, Bagchi RA, Ghamari-Langroudi M, Porter DT, Wang Q, Litt MJ, Jana S, Hagen S, Lee P, White A, Lin JD, McKinsey TA, Cone RD. Histone deacetylase 6 inhibition restores leptin sensitivity and reduces obesity. Nat Metab 2022; 4:44-59. [PMID: 35039672 PMCID: PMC8892841 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The adipose tissue-derived hormone leptin can drive decreases in food intake while increasing energy expenditure. In diet-induced obesity, circulating leptin levels rise proportionally to adiposity. Despite this hyperleptinemia, rodents and humans with obesity maintain increased adiposity and are resistant to leptin's actions. Here we show that inhibitors of the cytosolic enzyme histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) act as potent leptin sensitizers and anti-obesity agents in diet-induced obese mice. Specifically, HDAC6 inhibitors, such as tubastatin A, reduce food intake, fat mass, hepatic steatosis and improve systemic glucose homeostasis in an HDAC6-dependent manner. Mechanistically, peripheral, but not central, inhibition of HDAC6 confers central leptin sensitivity. Additionally, the anti-obesity effect of tubastatin A is attenuated in animals with a defective central leptin-melanocortin circuitry, including db/db and MC4R knockout mice. Our results suggest the existence of an HDAC6-regulated adipokine that serves as a leptin-sensitizing agent and reveals HDAC6 as a potential target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işın Çakır
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Colleen K Hadley
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- College of Literature, Science and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pauline Lining Pan
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rushita A Bagchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Masoud Ghamari-Langroudi
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Qiuyu Wang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael J Litt
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Somnath Jana
- Chemical Synthesis Core, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Susan Hagen
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pil Lee
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew White
- Vahlteich Medicinal Chemistry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiandie D Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Roger D Cone
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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21
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HDAC inhibitor ameliorates behavioral deficits in Mecp2 308/y mouse model of Rett syndrome. Brain Res 2021; 1772:147670. [PMID: 34582789 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder. More than 95% of classic RETT syndrome cases result from pathogenic variants in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. Nevertheless, it has been established that a spectrum of neuropsychiatric phenotypes is associated with MECP2 variants in both females and males. We previously reported that microtubule growth velocity and vesicle transport directionality are altered in Mecp2-deficient astrocytes from newborn Mecp2-deficient mice compared to that of their wild-type littermates suggesting deficit in microtubule dynamics. In this study, we report that administration of tubastatin A, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, restored microtubule dynamics in Mecp2-deficient astrocytes. We furthermore report that daily doses of tubastatin A reversed early impaired exploratory behavior in male Mecp2308/y mice. These findings are a first step toward the validation of a novel treatment for RTT.
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22
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Post-translational modifications of tubulin: their role in cancers and the regulation of signaling molecules. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 30:521-528. [PMID: 34671113 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules play an important role in regulating several vital cellular activities, including cell division and tissue organization, through their dynamic protofilament network. In addition to forming the cytoskeleton, microtubules regulate the intracellular trafficking of cytoplasmic components and various signaling molecules, depending on the presence of post-transitional modifications (PTMs) and binding proteins. Accumulating evidence indicates the significant role of microtubule PTMs on cancer behavior. The PTMs that frequently occur on microtubules include acetylation, detyrosination, tyrosination, polyglutamylation, and polyglycylation. Alterations in these PTMs cause global effects on intracellular signal transduction, strongly linked to cancer pathogenesis. This review provides an update on the role of microtubule PTMs in cancer aggressiveness, particularly regarding cell death, sensitivity to chemotherapy, cell migration, and invasion. Additionally, it provides a mechanistic explanation of the molecular signaling pathways involved. This information might prove useful for predictive or therapeutic purposes.
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Mondal A, NeMoyer R, Vora M, Napoli L, Syed Z, Langenfeld E, Jia D, Peng Y, Gilleran J, Roberge J, Rongo C, Jabbour SK, Langenfeld J. Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 inhibition destabilizes microtubules promoting the activation of lysosomes and cell death of lung cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:97. [PMID: 34563224 PMCID: PMC8466694 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00743-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) regulates cell survival signaling events in cancer cells independent of the BMP type 1 receptor (BMPR1) or the Smad-1/5 transcription factor. Mutations in BMPR2 trafficking proteins leads to overactive BMP signaling, which leads to neurological diseases caused by BMPR2 stabilization of the microtubules. It is not known whether BMPR2 regulates the microtubules in cancer cells and what effect this has on cell survival. It is also not known whether alterations in BMPR2 trafficking effects activity and response to BMPR2 inhibitors. Methods We utilized BMPR2 siRNA and the BMP receptor inhibitors JL5 and Ym155, which decrease BMPR2 signaling and cause its mislocalization to the cytoplasm. Using the JL5 resistant MDA-MD-468 cell line and sensitive lung cancer cell lines, we examined the effects of BMPR2 inhibition on BMPR2 mislocalization to the cytoplasm, microtubule destabilization, lysosome activation and cell survival. Results We show that the inhibition of BMPR2 destabilizes the microtubules. Destabilization of the microtubules leads to the activation of the lysosomes. Activated lysosomes further decreases BMPR2 signaling by causing it to mislocalizated to the cytoplasm and/or lysosome for degradation. Inhibition of the lysosomes with chloroquine attenuates BMPR2 trafficking to the lysosome and cell death induced by BMPR2 inhibitors. Furthermore, in MDA-MD-468 cells that are resistant to JL5 induced cell death, BMPR2 was predominately located in the cytoplasm. BMPR2 failed to localize to the cytoplasm and/or lysosome following treatment with JL5 and did not destabilize the microtubules or activate the lysosomes. Conclusions These studies reveal that the inhibition of BMPR2 destabilizes the microtubules promoting cell death of cancer cells that involves the activation of the lysosomes. Resistance to small molecules targeting BMPR2 may occur if the BMPR2 is localized predominantly to the cytoplasm and/or fails to localize to the lysosome for degradation. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-021-00743-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Mondal
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Rachel NeMoyer
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Mehul Vora
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | | | - Zoya Syed
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Elaine Langenfeld
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Dongxuan Jia
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - Youyi Peng
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - John Gilleran
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jacques Roberge
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Salma K Jabbour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA
| | - John Langenfeld
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
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Zhao T, Li Q, Zhou C, Lv X, Liu H, Tu T, Tang N, Cheng Y, Liu X, Liu C, Zhao J, Song Z, Wang H, Li J, Gu F. Small-molecule compounds boost genome-editing efficiency of cytosine base editor. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:8974-8986. [PMID: 34329468 PMCID: PMC8421147 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosine base editor (CBE) enables targeted C-to-T conversions at single base-pair resolution and thus has potential therapeutic applications in humans. However, the low efficiency of the system limits practical use of this approach. We reported a high-throughput human cells-based reporter system that can be harnessed for quickly measuring editing activity of CBE. Screening of 1813 small-molecule compounds resulted in the identification of Ricolinostat (an HDAC6 inhibitor) that can enhance the efficiency of BE3 in human cells (2.45- to 9.21-fold improvement). Nexturastat A, another HDAC6 inhibitor, could also increase BE3-mediated gene editing by 2.18- to 9.95-fold. Ricolinostat and Nexturastat A also boost base editing activity of the other CBE variants (BE4max, YE1-BE4max, evoAPOBEC1-BE4max and SpRY-CBE4max, up to 8.32-fold). Meanwhile, combined application of BE3 and Ricolinostat led to >3-fold higher efficiency of correcting a pathogenic mutation in ABCA4 gene related to Stargardt disease in human cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that our strategy could be applied for efficient generation of mouse models through direct zygote injection and base editing in primary human T cells. Our study provides a new strategy to improve the activity and specificity of CBE in human cells. Ricolinostat and Nexturastat A augment the effectiveness and applicability of CBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Zhao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujuan Lv
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianxiang Tu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changbao Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongming Song
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Gu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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de Oliveira Santos J, Zuma AA, de Souza W, Motta MCM. Tubastatin A, a deacetylase inhibitor, as a tool to study the division, cell cycle and microtubule cytoskeleton of trypanosomatids. Eur J Protistol 2021; 80:125821. [PMID: 34144311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan of great medical interest since it is the causative agent of Chagas disease, an endemic condition in Latin America. This parasite undergoes epigenetic events, such as phosphorylation, methylation and acetylation, which play a role in several cellular processes including replication, transcription and gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are involved in chromatin compaction and post-translational modifications of cytoplasmic proteins, such as tubulin. Tubastatin A (TST) is a specific HDAC6 inhibitor that affects cell growth and promotes structural modifications in cancer cells and parasites. In the present study, we demonstrated that T. cruzi epimastigote cell proliferation and viability are reduced after 72 h of TST treatment. The results obtained through different microscopy methodologies suggest that this inhibitor impairs the polymerization dynamics of cytoskeleton microtubules, generating protozoa displaying atypical morphology and cellular patterns that include polynucleated parasites. Furthermore, the microtubules of treated protozoa were more intensely acetylated, especially at the anterior portion of the cell body. A cell cycle analysis demonstrated an increase in the number of trypanosomatids in the G2/M phase. Together, our results suggest that TST should be explored as a tool to study trypanosomatid cell biology, including microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics, and as an antiparasitic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean de Oliveira Santos
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, 21491-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia e Núcleo de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens - CENABIO, UFRJ, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aline Araujo Zuma
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, 21491-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia e Núcleo de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens - CENABIO, UFRJ, RJ, Brazil
| | - Wanderley de Souza
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, 21491-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia e Núcleo de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens - CENABIO, UFRJ, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina M Motta
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, 21491-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia e Núcleo de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens - CENABIO, UFRJ, RJ, Brazil.
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Acetylation/deacetylation and microtubule associated proteins influence flagellar axonemal stability and sperm motility. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226984. [PMID: 33200789 PMCID: PMC7711059 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PTMs and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are known to regulate microtubule dynamicity in somatic cells. Reported literature on modulation of α-tubulin acetyl transferase (αTAT1) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in animal models and cell lines illustrate disparity in correlating tubulin acetylation status with stability of MT. Our earlier studies showed reduced acetyl tubulin in sperm of asthenozoospermic individuals. Our studies on rat sperm showed that on inhibition of HDAC6 activity, although tubulin acetylation increased, sperm motility was reduced. Studies were therefore undertaken to investigate the influence of tubulin acetylation/deacetylation on MT dynamicity in sperm flagella using rat and human sperm. Our data on rat sperm revealed that HDAC6 specific inhibitor Tubastatin A (T) inhibited sperm motility and neutralized the depolymerizing and motility debilitating effect of Nocodazole. The effect on polymerization was further confirmed in vitro using pure MT and recHDAC6. Also polymerized axoneme was less in sperm of asthenozoosperm compared to normozoosperm. Deacetylase activity was reduced in sperm lysates and axonemes exposed to T and N+T but not in axonemes of sperm treated similarly suggesting that HDAC6 is associated with sperm axonemes or MT. Deacetylase activity was less in asthenozoosperm. Intriguingly, the expression of MDP3 physiologically known to bind to HDAC6 and inhibit its deacetylase activity remained unchanged. However, expression of acetyl α-tubulin, HDAC6 and microtubule stabilizing protein SAXO1 was less in asthenozoosperm. These observations suggest that MAPs and threshold levels of MT acetylation/deacetylation are important for MT dynamicity in sperm and may play a role in regulating sperm motility.
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27
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Feng Z, Nadikudi M, Woolley KL, Hemasa AL, Chear S, Smith JA, Gueven N. Bioactivity Profiles of Cytoprotective Short-Chain Quinones. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051382. [PMID: 33806577 PMCID: PMC7961879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain quinones (SCQs) have been investigated as potential therapeutic candidates against mitochondrial dysfunction, which was largely thought to be associated with the reversible redox characteristics of their active quinone core. We recently reported a library of SCQs, some of which showed potent cytoprotective activity against the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2. To better characterize the cytoprotection of SCQs at a molecular level, a bioactivity profile for 103 SCQs with different compound chemistries was generated that included metabolism related markers, redox activity, expression of cytoprotective proteins and oxidative damage. Of all the tested endpoints, a positive correlation with cytoprotection by SCQs in the presence of rotenone was only observed for the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)-dependent reduction of SCQs, which also correlated with an acute rescue of ATP levels. The results of this study suggest an unexpected mode of action for SCQs that appears to involve a modification of NQO1-dependent signaling rather than a protective effect by the reduced quinone itself. This finding presents a new selection strategy to identify and develop the most promising compounds towards their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (Z.F.); (M.N.); (A.L.H.); (S.C.)
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (K.L.W.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Monila Nadikudi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (Z.F.); (M.N.); (A.L.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Krystel L. Woolley
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (K.L.W.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Ayman L. Hemasa
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (Z.F.); (M.N.); (A.L.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Sueanne Chear
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (Z.F.); (M.N.); (A.L.H.); (S.C.)
| | - Jason A. Smith
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (K.L.W.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia; (Z.F.); (M.N.); (A.L.H.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence:
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HDAC6 inhibition enhances the anti-tumor effect of eribulin through tubulin acetylation in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:37-51. [PMID: 33452951 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improved prognosis for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has plateaued and the development of novel therapeutic strategies is required. This study aimed to explore the anti-tumor effect of combined eribulin and HDAC inhibitor (vorinostat: VOR, pan-HDAC inhibitor and ricolinostat: RICO, selective HDAC6 inhibitor) treatment for TNBC. METHODS The effect of eribulin in combination with an HDAC inhibitor was tested in three TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, and MDA-MB-157) and their eribulin-resistant derivatives. The expression of acetylated α-tubulin was analyzed by Western blotting for TNBC cells and immunohistochemical analyses for clinical specimens obtained from breast cancer patients who were treated with eribulin. RESULTS The simultaneous administration of low concentrations (0.2 μM) of VOR or RICO enhanced the anti-tumor effect of eribulin in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells but not in MDA-MB-157 cells. Meanwhile, pretreatment with 5 μM of VOR or RICO enhanced eribulin sensitivity in all three cell lines. Low concentration of VOR or RICO increased acetylated α-tubulin expression in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells. In contrast, whereas 5 μM of VOR or RICO increased the expression of acetylated α-tubulin in MDA-MB-157 cells, low concentrations did not. Eribulin increased the expression of acetylated α-tubulin in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells but not in MDA-MB-157 cells. These phenomena were also observed in eribulin-resistant cells. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the expression of acetylated α-tubulin was increased after eribulin treatment in TNBC. CONCLUSIONS HDAC6 inhibition enhances the anti-tumor effect of eribulin through the acetylation of α-tubulin. This combination therapy could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Bhagat SD, Chanchal A, Gujrati M, Banerjee A, Mishra RK, Srivastava A. Implantable HDAC-inhibiting chemotherapeutics derived from hydrophobic amino acids for localized anticancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:261-271. [PMID: 33196720 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01417f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic targeting of different cancers by inhibiting particular histone deacetylase (HDAC) isozymes is a promising treatment approach against cancer. Development of locally-implantable molecular inhibitors of HDAC (henceforth called HDACi) promises high tumour site concentration and reduced systemic degradation of the HDACi. Herein, we report the design of such implantable HDACi based on amphiphilic derivatives of hydrophobic amino acids endowed with a hydroxamic acid (hxa)-based zinc-binding residue. The amino acids present in HDACi influenced the HDAC isozyme that could be inhibited most effectively; the l-phenylalanine derivative 4e inhibited the HDAC6 isozyme most potently (IC50 ∼ 88 nM), while the l-isoleucine derivative 4h was most effective against the isozyme HDAC2 (IC50 ∼ 94 nM). We also noticed that the l-Phe derivative 4e was up to 5× more potent towards inhibiting HDAC6 than its optical antipode 4f derived from d-Phe. This was rationalized in terms of the varying extent of penetration of the enantiomeric inhibitors inside the catalytic tunnel of the enzyme. Since the isozymes HDAC6 and HDAC2 are overexpressed in different cancer cells, 4e and 4h elicited selective anticancer activity in different cancer cell lines. Additive therapeutic action of the combination therapy of 4e and 4h was observed on lung cancer cells that overexpress both these isozymes. Further, 4e formed implantable self-assembled hydrogels that achieved sustained and selective killing of cancer cells in the vicinity of implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Dharmaraj Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India.
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Wu Y, Wang D, Wei F, Xiong F, Zhang S, Gong Z, Shi L, Li X, Xiang B, Ma J, Deng H, He Y, Liao Q, Zhang W, Li X, Li Y, Guo C, Zeng Z, Li G, Xiong W. EBV-miR-BART12 accelerates migration and invasion in EBV-associated cancer cells by targeting tubulin polymerization-promoting protein 1. FASEB J 2020; 34:16205-16223. [PMID: 33094864 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001508r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection leads to cancers with an epithelial origin, such as nasopharyngeal cancer and gastric cancer, as well as multiple blood cell-based malignant tumors, such as lymphoma. Interestingly, EBV is also the first virus found to carry genes encoding miRNAs. EBV encodes 25 types of pre-miRNAs which are finally processed into 44 mature miRNAs. Most EBV-encoded miRNAs were found to be involved in the occurrence and development of EBV-related tumors. However, the function of EBV-miR-BART12 remains unclear. The findings of the current study revealed that EBV-miR-BART12 binds to the 3'UTR region of Tubulin Polymerization-Promoting Protein 1 (TPPP1) mRNA and downregulates TPPP1, thereby promoting the invasion and migration of EBV-related cancers, such as nasopharyngeal cancer and gastric cancer. The mechanism underlying this process was found to be the inhibition of TPPP1 by EBV-miRNA-BART12, which, in turn, inhibits the acetylation of α-tubulin, and promotes the dynamic assembly of microtubules, remodels the cytoskeleton, and enhances the acetylation of β-catenin. β-catenin activates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). These two processes synergistically promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the role of EBV-miRNA-BART12 in the development of EBV-related tumors as well as the mechanism underlying this process, and suggests potential targets and strategies for the treatment of EBV-related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfen Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Liang T, Qi C, Lai Y, Xie J, Wang H, Zhang L, Lin T, Jv M, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Qiu X, Li R, Li Z, Ye Z, Liu S, Liang X, Shi W, Wang W. HDAC6-mediated α-tubulin deacetylation suppresses autophagy and enhances motility of podocytes in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11558-11572. [PMID: 32885602 PMCID: PMC7576268 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is the specific subtype of HDACs which preferentially located in the cytoplasm, and is crucial in insulin signalling. However, the role of HDAC6 in type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains undefined. In current study, we observed that HDAC6 was markedly activated in the kidneys of type 2 diabetic patients and db/db mice with albuminuria, along with the advanced glycation end products (AGE)‐treated podocytes. Selective inhibition of HDAC6 activity protected kidneys from hyperglycaemia in db/db mice. Notably, overexpressing HDAC6 inhibited autophagy and promoted motility aside from the apoptosis of podocytes exposed to AGE. We further determined that HDAC6 regulated the autophagy partially by decreasing the acetylation of α‐tubulin at the residue of lysine 40. In contrast, we confirmed that there was no interaction of HDAC6 with α‐tubulin at the sites of lysine 112 and lysine 352. Consistently, inhibiting HDAC6 by siRNA or the selective inhibitor, tubacin, restored the autophagy level and motility of podocytes and rescued podocytes from AGE stimulation. We provide strong evidence of an unexpected role of HDAC6 in the cascade that modulates podocytes autophagy and motility, enlightening that HDAC6 may be a promising therapeutic target for DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunfang Qi
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiong Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianteng Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menglei Jv
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zujiao Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqian Qiu
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhao Li
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhilian Li
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangxin Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinling Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Alpha KM, Xu W, Turner CE. Paxillin family of focal adhesion adaptor proteins and regulation of cancer cell invasion. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 355:1-52. [PMID: 32859368 PMCID: PMC7737098 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The paxillin family of proteins, including paxillin, Hic-5, and leupaxin, are focal adhesion adaptor/scaffolding proteins which localize to cell-matrix adhesions and are important in cell adhesion and migration of both normal and cancer cells. Historically, the role of these proteins in regulating the actin cytoskeleton through focal adhesion-mediated signaling has been well documented. However, studies in recent years have revealed additional functions in modulating the microtubule and intermediate filament cytoskeletons to affect diverse processes including cell polarization, vesicle trafficking and mechanosignaling. Expression of paxillin family proteins in stromal cells is also important in regulating tumor cell migration and invasion through non-cell autonomous effects on the extracellular matrix. Both paxillin and Hic-5 can also influence gene expression through a variety of mechanisms, while their own expression is frequently dysregulated in various cancers. Accordingly, these proteins may serve as valuable targets for novel diagnostic and treatment approaches in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Alpha
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Weiyi Xu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Christopher E Turner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
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33
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Dawood M, Hegazy MEF, Elbadawi M, Fleischer E, Klinger A, Bringmann G, Kuntner C, Shan L, Efferth T. Vitamin K 3 chloro derivative (VKT-2) inhibits HDAC6, activates autophagy and apoptosis, and inhibits aggresome formation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114176. [PMID: 32721508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics plays a vital role in regulating gene expression and determining the specific phenotypes of eukaryotic cells. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important epigenetic regulatory proteins effecting multiple biological functions. Particularly, HDAC6 has become a promising anti-cancer drug target because of its regulation of cell mobility, protein trafficking, degradation of misfolded proteins, cell growth, apoptosis, and metastasis. In this study, we identified one out of six vitamin K3 derivatives, VKT-2, as HDAC6 inhibitor using molecular docking and cell viability assays in HDAC6-overexpressing HuH-7 cancer cells. Microscale thermophoresis and HDAC6 enzymatic assays revealed that VKT-2 bound to HDAC6 and inhibited its function. We further identified its cytotoxic activity. VKT-2 hyperacetylated HDAC6 substrates and disturbed tubulin integrity leading to significant inhibition of tumor migration in both HuH-7 spheroids and U2OS-GFP-α-tubulin cells. Moreover, VKT-2 induced autophagic and apoptotic cell death in HuH-7, while aggresome formation was restrained after VKT-2 treatment. A HuH-7 cell-xenograft model in zebrafish larvae provided evidence that VKT-2 inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. To best of our knowledge, it is the first time to demonstrate that vitamin k3 derivatives (VKT-2) inhibits HDAC6 in solid tumor cells. These unique findings suggested that VKT-2 is a promising anti-cancer agent targeting HDAC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F Hegazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbadawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Kuntner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Preclinical Molecular Imaging, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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34
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Kershaw S, Morgan DJ, Boyd J, Spiller DG, Kitchen G, Zindy E, Iqbal M, Rattray M, Sanderson CM, Brass A, Jorgensen C, Hussell T, Matthews LC, Ray DW. Glucocorticoids rapidly inhibit cell migration through a novel, non-transcriptional HDAC6 pathway. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs242842. [PMID: 32381682 PMCID: PMC7295589 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.242842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) act through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR, also known as NR3C1) to regulate immunity, energy metabolism and tissue repair. Upon ligand binding, activated GR mediates cellular effects by regulating gene expression, but some GR effects can occur rapidly without new transcription. Here, we show that GCs rapidly inhibit cell migration, in response to both GR agonist and antagonist ligand binding. The inhibitory effect on migration is prevented by GR knockdown with siRNA, confirming GR specificity, but not by actinomycin D treatment, suggesting a non-transcriptional mechanism. We identified a rapid onset increase in microtubule polymerisation following GC treatment, identifying cytoskeletal stabilisation as the likely mechanism of action. HDAC6 overexpression, but not knockdown of αTAT1, rescued the GC effect, implicating HDAC6 as the GR effector. Consistent with this hypothesis, ligand-dependent cytoplasmic interaction between GR and HDAC6 was demonstrated by quantitative imaging. Taken together, we propose that activated GR inhibits HDAC6 function, and thereby increases the stability of the microtubule network to reduce cell motility. We therefore report a novel, non-transcriptional mechanism whereby GCs impair cell motility through inhibition of HDAC6 and rapid reorganization of the cell architecture.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Kershaw
- Systems Oncology, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - James Boyd
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - David G Spiller
- Platform Sciences, Enabling Technologies, and Infrastructure, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Gareth Kitchen
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Egor Zindy
- Division of Informatics, Imaging, and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Division of Informatics, Imaging, and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Magnus Rattray
- Division of Informatics, Imaging, and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christopher M Sanderson
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Andrew Brass
- Division of Informatics, Imaging, and Data Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claus Jorgensen
- Systems Oncology, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Laura C Matthews
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David W Ray
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, OX3 7LE, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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35
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Amargant F, Barragan M, Vassena R, Vernos I. Insights of the tubulin code in gametes and embryos: from basic research to potential clinical applications in humans†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:575-589. [PMID: 30247519 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are intracellular filaments that define in space and in time a large number of essential cellular functions such as cell division, morphology and motility, intracellular transport and flagella and cilia assembly. They are therefore essential for spermatozoon and oocyte maturation and function, and for embryo development. The dynamic and functional properties of the microtubules are in large part defined by various classes of interacting proteins including MAPs (microtubule associated proteins), microtubule-dependent motors, and severing and modifying enzymes. Multiple mechanisms regulate these interactions. One of them is defined by the high diversity of the microtubules themselves generated by the combination of different tubulin isotypes and by several tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs). This generates a so-called tubulin code that finely regulates the specific set of proteins that associates with a given microtubule thereby defining the properties and functions of the network. Here we provide an in depth review of the current knowledge on the tubulin isotypes and PTMs in spermatozoa, oocytes, and preimplantation embryos in various model systems and in the human species. We focus on functional implications of the tubulin code for cytoskeletal function, particularly in the field of human reproduction and development, with special emphasis on gamete quality and infertility. Finally, we discuss some of the knowledge gaps and propose future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farners Amargant
- Clínica EUGIN, Barcelona, Spain.,Cell and Developmental Biology Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Isabelle Vernos
- Cell and Developmental Biology Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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36
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Tang K, Li S, Li P, Xia Q, Yang R, Li T, Li L, Jiang Y, Qin X, Yang H, Wu C, You F, Tan Y, Liu Y. Shear stress stimulates integrin β1 trafficking and increases directional migration of cancer cells via promoting deacetylation of microtubules. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Rashid A, Naaz A, Rai A, Chatterji BP, Panda D. Inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 suppresses microtubule dynamics in MCF-7 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 465:27-36. [PMID: 31782084 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a mitotic serine/threonine kinase implicated in spindle formation and cytokinesis in mammalian cells. Here, purified Plk1 was found to bind to reconstituted microtubules in vitro. Further, Plk1 was found to co-localize with interphase microtubules in MCF-7 cells and to co-immunoprecipitate with polymerized tubulin. The binding of Plk1 to interphase microtubules appeared to increase with an increase in the level of tubulin acetylation in MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, Plk1 inhibitor III, an inhibitor of Plk1 kinase activity, treatment increased the association of Plk1 with the interphase microtubules in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, the effect of inhibition of Plk1 kinase activity on the dynamic instability of microtubules was determined by time-lapse imaging in MCF-7 cells. Plk1 inhibitor III dampened the dynamic instability of microtubules. For example, Plk1 inhibitor III (3 μM) reduced the rate and extent of the growing phase by 28 and 48%, respectively, and inhibited the dynamicity of microtubules by 53% as compared to the microtubules in control MCF-7 cells. Plk1 inhibitor III treatment also increased the level of acetylated microtubules, indicating that it stabilizes microtubules. The findings indicated that Plk1 interacts with microtubules and Plk1 may have a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijaz Rashid
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Afsana Naaz
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Ankit Rai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Biswa Prasun Chatterji
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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38
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Chen X, Chen X, Steimbach RR, Wu T, Li H, Dan W, Shi P, Cao C, Li D, Miller AK, Qiu Z, Gao J, Zhu Y. Novel 2, 5-diketopiperazine derivatives as potent selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors: Rational design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 187:111950. [PMID: 31865013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has gained popular attention for its wide participation in various pathological process recently. In this paper, a series of novel derivatives containing 2, 5-diketopiperazine (DKP) skeleton were developed as potent selective HDAC6 inhibitors (sHDAC6is). Most of these compounds exhibited low nanomolar IC50 values toward HDAC6, and the best compound was 21b (IC50 = 0.73 nM) which had 144-10941-fold selectivity over other HDAC isoforms. Western blot assay further validated these compounds to be sHDAC6is. Molecular simulation of 21b was conducted to rationalize the high binding affinity for HDAC6. In the cytotoxicity experiment, 18a, 18b and 18d gave superior or comparable influence on the growth of two multiple myeloma cells U266 and RPMI-8226 compared to ACY-1215. Moreover, the combination of 18a and adriamycin showed synergistic effect against non-small cell lung cancer cell A549. 18a and 18b also demonstrated appropriate drug metabolism in human liver microsome (HLM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Raphael R Steimbach
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tong Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Wenjia Dan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Peidong Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Chenyu Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Ding Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Aubry K Miller
- Cancer Drug Development Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jinming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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Li Z, Liu S, Fu T, Peng Y, Zhang J. Microtubule destabilization caused by silicate via HDAC6 activation contributes to autophagic dysfunction in bone mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:351. [PMID: 31775910 PMCID: PMC6880487 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silicon-modified biomaterials have been extensively studied in bone tissue engineering. In recent years, the toxicity of silicon-doped biomaterials has gradually attracted attention but requires further elucidation. This study was designed to explore whether high-dose silicate can induce a cytotoxicity effect in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the role of autophagy in its cytotoxicity and mechanism. METHODS Morphologic changes and cell viability of BMSCs were detected after different doses of silicate exposure. Autophagic proteins (LC3, p62), LC3 turnover assay, and RFP-GFP-LC3 assay were applied to detect the changes of autophagic flux following silicate treatment. Furthermore, to identify the potential mechanism of autophagic dysfunction, we tested the acetyl-α-tubulin protein level and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) activity after high-dose silicate exposure as well as the changes in microtubule and autophagic activity after HDAC6 siRNA was applied. RESULTS It was found that a high dose of silicate could induce a decrease in cell viability; LC3-II and p62 simultaneously increased after high-dose silicate exposure. A high concentration of silicate could induce autophagic dysfunction and cause autophagosomes to accumulate via microtubule destabilization. Results showed that acetyl-α-tubulin decreased significantly with high-dose silicate treatment, and inhibition of HDAC6 activity can restore microtubule structure and autophagic flux. CONCLUSIONS Microtubule destabilization caused by a high concentration of silicate via HDAC6 activation contributed to autophagic dysfunction in BMSCs, and inhibition of HDAC6 exerted a cytoprotection effect through restoration of the microtubule structure and autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tengfei Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake in stressed retinal pigment epithelial cell monolayers. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165608. [PMID: 31740401 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate long-distance communication in polarized RPE monolayers. Specifically, EVs from oxidatively stressed donor cells (stress EVs) rapidly reduced barrier function (transepithelial resistance, TER) in naïve recipient monolayers, when compared to control EVs. This effect on TER was dependent on dynamin-mediated EV uptake, which occurred rapidly with EVs from oxidatively stressed donor cells. Here, we further determined molecular mechanisms involved in uptake of EVs by naïve RPE cells. METHODS RPE cells were grown as monolayers in media supplemented with 1% FBS followed by transfer to FBS-free media. Cultures were used to collect control or stress EVs upon treatment with H2O2, others served as naïve recipient cells. In recipient monolayers, TER was used to monitor EV-uptake-based activity, live-cell imaging confirmed uptake. EV surface proteins were quantified by protein chemistry. RESULTS Clathrin-independent, lipid raft-mediated internalization was excluded as an uptake mechanism. Known ligand-receptor interactions involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis include integrins and proteoglycans. Desialylated glycans and integrin-receptors on recipient cells were necessary for EV uptake and subsequent reduction of TER in recipient cells. Protein quantifications confirmed elevated levels of ligands and neuraminidase on stress EVs. However, control EVs could confer activity in the TER assay if exogenous neuraminidase or additional ligand was provided. CONCLUSIONS In summary, while EVs from both stressed cells and control contain cargo to communicate stress messages to naive RPE cells, stress EVs contain surface ligands that confer rapid uptake by recipient cells. We propose that EVs potentially contribute to RPE dysfunction in aging and disease.
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Brindisi M, Saraswati AP, Brogi S, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G. Old but Gold: Tracking the New Guise of Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) Enzyme as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Rare Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 63:23-39. [PMID: 31415174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation orchestrates many cellular processes and greatly influences key disease mechanisms. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes play a crucial role either as biomarkers or therapeutic targets owing to their involvement in specific pathophysiological pathways. Beyond their well-characterized role as histone modifiers, HDACs also interact with several nonhistone substrates and their increased expression has been highlighted in specific diseases. The HDAC6 isoform, due to its unique cytoplasmic localization, modulates the acetylation status of tubulin, HSP90, TGF-β, and peroxiredoxins. HDAC6 also exerts noncatalytic activities through its interaction with ubiquitin. Both catalytic and noncatalytic functions of HDACs are being actively studied in the field of specific rare disorders beyond the well-established role in carcinogenesis. This Perspective outlines the application of HDAC(6) inhibitors in rare diseases, such as Rett syndrome, inherited retinal disorders, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, highlighting their therapeutic potential as innovative and targeted disease-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022 , University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49 , I-80131 Naples , Italy
| | - A Prasanth Saraswati
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022 , University of Siena , via Aldo Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy , University of Pisa , via Bonanno 6 , 56126 , Pisa , Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022 , University of Siena , via Aldo Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022 , University of Siena , via Aldo Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022 , University of Siena , via Aldo Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
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Mundhara N, Majumder A, Panda D. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin, an actin depolymerizer augments the antiproliferative potential of microtubule-targeting agents. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7638. [PMID: 31113967 PMCID: PMC6529501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43947-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD), an established pharmacological excipient, depolymerizes the actin cytoskeleton. In this work, we investigated the effect of MCD-mediated actin depolymerization on various cellular phenotypes including traction force, cell stiffness, focal adhesions, and intracellular drug accumulation. In addition to a reduction in the contractile cellular traction, MCD acutely inhibits the maturation of focal adhesions. Alteration of contractile forces and focal adhesions affects the trypsin-mediated detachment kinetics of cells. Moreover, MCD-mediated actin depolymerization increases the intracellular accumulation of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) by ~50% with respect to the untreated cells. As MCD treatment enhances the intracellular concentration of drugs, we hypothesized that the MCD-sensitized cancer cells could be effectively killed by low doses of MTAs. Our results in cervical, breast, hepatocellular, prostate cancer and multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells confirmed the above hypothesis. Further, the combined use of MCD and MTAs synergistically inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. These results indicate the potential use of MCD in combination with MTAs for cancer chemotherapy and suggest that targeting both actin and microtubules simultaneously may be useful for cancer therapy. Importantly, the results provide significant insight into the crosstalk between actin and microtubules in regulating the traction force and dynamics of cell deadhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Mundhara
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhijit Majumder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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Tubulin heterogeneity regulates functions and dynamics of microtubules and plays a role in the development of drug resistance in cancer. Biochem J 2019; 476:1359-1376. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Microtubules, composed of αβ-tubulin heterodimers, exhibit diverse structural and functional properties in different cell types. The diversity in the microtubule structure originates from tubulin heterogeneities, namely tubulin isotypes and their post-translational modifications (PTMs). These heterogeneities confer differential stability to microtubules and provide spatial cues for the functioning of the cell. Furthermore, the altered expressions of tubulin isotypes and PTMs are prominent factors for the development of resistance against some cancer drugs. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the tubulin isotypes and PTMs and how, together, they control the cellular functions of the microtubules. We also describe how cancer cells use this tubulin heterogeneity to acquire resistance against clinical agents and discuss existing attempts to counter the developed resistance.
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Moujaber O, Fishbein F, Omran N, Liang Y, Colmegna I, Presley JF, Stochaj U. Cellular senescence is associated with reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1169-1183. [PMID: 30599068 PMCID: PMC11105446 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells undergo structural and functional changes that affect essentially every aspect of cell physiology. To date, the impact of senescence on the cytoskeleton is poorly understood. This study evaluated the cytoskeleton in two independent cellular models of kidney epithelium senescence. Our work identified multiple senescence-related alterations that impact microtubules and filamentous actin during interphase. Both filamentous systems reorganized profoundly when cells became senescent. As such, microtubule stability increased during senescence, making these filaments more resistant to disassembly in the cold or by nocodazole. Microtubule stabilization was accompanied by enhanced α-tubulin acetylation on lysine 40 and the depletion of HDAC6, the major deacetylase for α-tubulin lysine 40. Rho-associated kinase Rock1 is an upstream regulator that modulates key properties of the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton. Our research shows that Rock1 concentrations were reduced significantly in senescent cells, and we revealed a mechanistic link between microtubule stabilization and Rock1 depletion. Thus, Rock1 overexpression partially restored the cold sensitivity of microtubules in cells undergoing senescence. Additional components relevant to microtubules were affected by senescence. Specifically, we uncovered the senescence-related loss of the microtubule nucleating protein γ-tubulin and aberrant formation of γ-tubulin foci. Concomitant with the alterations of microtubule and actin filaments, senescent cells displayed functional changes. In particular, cell migration was impaired significantly in senescent cells. Taken together, our study identified new senescence-associated deficiencies of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton, provided insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and demonstrated functional consequences that are important to the physiology and function of renal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ossama Moujaber
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Nawal Omran
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Inés Colmegna
- Department of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - John F Presley
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Sawant AV, Srivastava S, Prassanawar SS, Bhattacharyya B, Panda D. Crocin, a carotenoid, suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics and activates the mitotic checkpoint by binding to tubulin. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:32-45. [PMID: 30710515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Crocin, a constituent of the saffron spice, exhibits promising antitumor activity in animal models and also inhibits the proliferation of several types of cancer cells in culture. Recently, we have shown that crocin binds to purified tubulin at the vinblastine site, depolymerizes microtubules and induces a mitotic block in cultured cells. Here, we extend our previous suggestion and explore the cellular effects of crocin to further understand its mechanism of action. In a kinetic study, we observed that the crocin-induced depolymerization of microtubules preceded both DNA damage and reactive oxygen species generation indicating that depolymerizing microtubules is the primary action of crocin. Crocin also inhibited the growth of cold-depolymerized microtubules in HeLa cells indicating that it can inhibit microtubule dynamics. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, crocin was found to suppress the spindle microtubule dynamics in live HeLa cells. Further, crocin treatment resulted in activation of spindle assembly checkpoint proteins, BubR1 and Mad2. Similar to other microtubule-targeting agents, crocin also perturbed the localization of end-binding protein EB1 from the growing microtubule ends and enhanced the acetylation of remaining microtubules. Further, crocin was found to bind to purified tubulin with a dissociation constant of 12 ± 1.5 μM. The results suggested that crocin exerted its antiproliferative effect primarily by inhibiting the assembly and dynamics of microtubules. Importantly, the combination of crocin with known anticancer agents like combretastatin A-4, cisplatin, doxorubicin or sorafenib, exerted a strong synergistic cytotoxic effect in HeLa cells indicating that crocin may enhance the effectiveness of other anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishkar V Sawant
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shalini Srivastava
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shweta S Prassanawar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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Ortiz Flores RM, Distel JS, Aguilera MO, Berón W. The role of microtubules and the dynein/dynactin motor complex of host cells in the biogenesis of the Coxiella burnetii-containing vacuole. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209820. [PMID: 30640917 PMCID: PMC6331085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (Mts) are dynamic cytoskeleton structures that play a key role in vesicular transport. The Mts-mediated transport depends on motor proteins named kinesins and the dynein/dynactin motor complex. The Rab7 adapter protein FYCO1 controls the anterograde transport of the endocytic compartments through the interaction with the kinesin KIF5. Rab7 and its partner RILP induce the recruitment of dynein/dynactin to late endosomes regulating its retrograde transport to the perinuclear area to fuse with lysosomes. The late endosomal-lysosomal fusion is regulated by the HOPS complex through its interaction with RILP and the GTPase Arl8. Coxiella burnetii (Cb), the causative agent of Q fever, is an obligate intracellular pathogen, which generates a large compartment with autophagolysosomal characteristics named Cb-containing vacuole (CCV). The CCV forms through homotypic fusion between small non-replicative CCVs (nrCCV) and through heterotypic fusion with other compartments, such as endosomes and lysosomes. In this work, we characterise the role of Mts, motor proteins, RILP/Rab7 and Arl8 on the CCV biogenesis. The formation of the CCV was affected when either the dynamics and/or the acetylation state of Mts were modified. Similarly, the overexpression of the dynactin subunit non-functional mutants p150Glued and RILP led to the formation of small nrCCVs. This phenomenon is not observed in cells overexpressing WT proteins, the motor KIF5 or its interacting protein FYCO1. The formation of the CCV was normal in infected cells that overexpressed Arl8 alone or together with hVps41 (a HOPS subunit) or in cells co-overexpressing hVps41 and RILP. The dominant negative mutant of Arl8 and the non-functional hVps41 inhibited the formation of the CCV. When the formation of CCV was affected, the bacterial multiplication diminished. Our results suggest that nrCCVs recruit the molecular machinery that regulate the Mts-dependent retrograde transport, Rab7/RILP and the dynein/dynactin system, as well as the tethering processes such as HOPS complex and Arl8 to finally originate the CCV where C. burnetii multiplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo M. Ortiz Flores
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo—CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Jesús S. Distel
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo—CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Milton O. Aguilera
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo—CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Walter Berón
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo—CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Yang F, Zhao N, Ge D, Chen Y. Next-generation of selective histone deacetylase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19571-19583. [PMID: 35519364 PMCID: PMC9065321 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02985k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are clinically validated epigenetic drug targets for cancer treatment. HDACs inhibitors (HDACis) have been successfully applied against a series of cancers. First-generation inhibitors are mainly pan-HDACis that target multiple isoforms which might lead to serious side effects. At present, the next-generation HDACis are mainly focused on being class- or isoform-selective which can provide improved risk–benefit profiles compared to non-selective inhibitors. Because of the rapid development in next-generation HDACis, it is necessary to have an updated and state-of-the-art overview. Here, we summarize the strategies and achievements of the selective HDACis. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are clinically validated epigenetic drug targets for cancer treatment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
| | - Na Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Di Ge
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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Xie X, Luo K, Li Y, Ling Y, Zhang S, Xie X, Wen J. Histone deacetylase 6 expression in metastatic lymph nodes is a valuable prognostic marker for resected node-positive esophageal squamous cell cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5451-5460. [PMID: 30519093 PMCID: PMC6234999 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s178575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) exerts enzymatic deacetylation activity on histones and on non-histone substrates and plays a key role in microtubule dynamics and chaperone activities. In addition, previous studies have demonstrated its role in cancer progression. However, its clinical significance in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) has not been elucidated. We investigated the correlation of HDAC6 expression and clinical outcome in a group of T3N1–3M0 surgically resected ESCCs. Methods Tissue microarrays were conducted on 209 surgically resected T3N1–3M0 ESCC tumors, including 163 pairs of primary tumors (PTs) and their corresponding metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs). Immunohistochemistry was utilized to evaluate HDAC6 protein levels. The relationship between patient outcomes and HDAC6 expression was analyzed statistically. Results The level of HDAC6 expression in ESCC MLNs was found to be significantly lower than that in PTs (P<0.001). Patients with lower MLN HDAC6 expression demonstrated improved overall survival (P=0.011) and disease-free survival (P=0.012) than those with higher HDAC6 expression. HDAC6 expression levels in PTs revealed no prognostic significance. Multivariate analysis showed that the MLN HDAC6 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival (HR 1.456, P=0.029) and disease-free survival (HR 1.432, P=0.033). Conclusion High expression of HDAC6 in MLNs but not in PTs suggests a poor prognosis for patients with resected T3N1–3M0 ESCC. We should take into account the protein expression of MLNs when assessing prognosis in patients with lymph-node involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongjia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihong Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuishen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, .,Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China,
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Trichostatin A induces Trypanosoma cruzi histone and tubulin acetylation: effects on cell division and microtubule cytoskeleton remodelling. Parasitology 2018; 146:543-552. [PMID: 30421693 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018001828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, is a public health concern in Latin America. Epigenetic events, such as histone acetylation, affect DNA topology, replication and gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in chromatin compaction and post-translational modifications of cytoplasmic proteins, such as tubulin. HDAC inhibitors, like trichostatin A (TSA), inhibit tumour cell proliferation and promotes ultrastructural modifications. In the present study, TSA effects on cell proliferation, viability, cell cycle and ultrastructure were evaluated, as well as on histone acetylation and tubulin expression of the T. cruzi epimastigote form. Protozoa proliferation and viability were reduced after treatment with TSA. Quantitative proteomic analyses revealed an increase in histone acetylation after 72 h of TSA treatment. Surprisingly, results obtained by different microscopy methodologies indicate that TSA does not affect chromatin compaction, but alters microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics and impair kDNA segregation, generating polynucleated cells with atypical morphology. Confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry assays indicated that treated cell microtubules were more intensely acetylated. Increases in tubulin acetylation may be directly related to the higher number of parasites in the G2/M phase after TSA treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that deacetylase inhibitors represent excellent tools for understanding trypanosomatid cell biology.
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Indibulin dampens microtubule dynamics and produces synergistic antiproliferative effect with vinblastine in MCF-7 cells: Implications in cancer chemotherapy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12363. [PMID: 30120268 PMCID: PMC6098095 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Indibulin, a synthetic inhibitor of tubulin assembly, has shown promising anticancer activity with a minimal neurotoxicity in preclinical animal studies and in Phase I clinical trials for cancer chemotherapy. Using time-lapse confocal microscopy, we show that indibulin dampens the dynamic instability of individual microtubules in live breast cancer cells. Indibulin treatment also perturbed the localization of end-binding proteins at the growing microtubule ends in MCF-7 cells. Indibulin reduced inter-kinetochoric tension, produced aberrant spindles, activated mitotic checkpoint proteins Mad2 and BubR1, and induced mitotic arrest in MCF-7 cells. Indibulin-treated MCF-7 cells underwent apoptosis-mediated cell death. Further, the combination of indibulin with an anticancer drug vinblastine was found to exert synergistic cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, indibulin displayed a stronger effect on the undifferentiated neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells than the differentiated neuronal cells. Unlike indibulin, vinblastine and colchicine produced similar depolymerizing effects on microtubules in both differentiated and undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The data indicated a possibility that indibulin may reduce chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in cancer patients.
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