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Chen PK, Hsu WF, Peng CY, Liao TL, Chang SH, Chen HH, Chen CH, Chen DY. Significant association of elevated serum galectin-9 levels with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1347268. [PMID: 38371515 PMCID: PMC10869587 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1347268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, but its pathogenesis has rarely been explored. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) interacts with T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-containing-molecule-3 (TIM-3) expressed on hepatocytes and thus regulates T cell proliferation in a murine model of NAFLD. We aimed to examine the pathogenic role of the Gal-9/TIM-3 pathway in RA-NAFLD. Methods Serum levels of Gal-9, soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3), fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP)1, and FABP4 were determined by ELISA in forty-five RA patients and eleven healthy participants. Using Oil-red O staining and immunoblotting, we examined the effects of Gal-9 and free fatty acid (FFA) on lipid accumulation in human hepatocytes and FABP1 expression. Results Serum Gal-9, sTIM-3 and FABP1 level were significantly higher in RA patients (median 5.02 ng/mL, 3.42 ng/mL, and 5.76 ng/mL, respectively) than in healthy participants (1.86 ng/mL, 0.99 ng/mL, and 0.129 ng/mL, all p < 0.001). They were also significantly higher in patients with moderate-to-severe NAFLD compared with none-to-mild NAFLD (p < 0.01; p < 0.05; and p < 0.01, respectively). Serum Gal-9 levels were positively correlated with sTIM-3, FABP1, FABP4 levels, and ultrasound-fatty liver score, respectively, in RA patients. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that Gal-9 (cut-off>3.30) was a significant predictor of NAFLD development, and Gal-9 and sTIM-3 were predictors of NAFLD severity (both p < 0.05). The cell-based assay showed that Gal-9 and FFA could upregulate FABP1 expression and enhance lipid droplet accumulation in hepatocytes. Conclusion Elevated levels of Gal-9 and sTIM3 in RA patients with NAFLD and their positive correlation with NAFLD severity suggest the pathogenic role of Gal-9 signaling in RA-related NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ku Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Hsu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ling Liao
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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2
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Chen XY, Li YY, Lv L, Xiong YM, Qin ZF. The brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) as well as hexabromocyclododecane lead to lipid disorders in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122895. [PMID: 37949162 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromo-2-methylpropyl ether) (TBBPA-DBMPE) is a recommended substitute for hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a banned persistent organic pollutant, yet its potential toxicities remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the effects of a long-term exposure to TBBPA-DBMPE at nominal doses of 50 and 1000 μg/kg/d on lipid homeostasis in CD-1 mice, in comparison with 50 μg/kg/d HBCD as a positive control. Male pups received chemical treatments through maternal administration via drinking water from postnatal day 0-21, followed by direct administration through drinking water after weaning. On the 23rd week after treatment, the oral lipid tolerance test revealed that low-dose TBBPA-DBMPE as well as HBCD affected lipid tolerance, although the fasting serum triglyceride (TG) levels were not altered. When chemical treatment was extended to the 32nd week, TBBPA-DBMPE-treated animals displayed adipocyte hypertrophy in both white adipose tissue (eWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) and hepatic steatosis, which was largely consistent with the effects of HBCD. These findings indicate that like HBCD, TBBPA-DBMPE led to increased lipid load in mice. Interestingly, we also observed intestinal histological changes, coupled with increased expression of lipid absorption-related genes in both HBCD and TBBPA-DBMPE treatments, suggesting increased lipid absorption. This was supported by in vitro findings that both HBCD and TBBPA-DBMPE promoted lipid accumulation in IEC-6 cells under the stress of oleic acid for 6 h, implying that altered lipid absorption by the intestine may partly contributed to increased lipid load in mice. Overall, the effects of 50 μg/kg/d TBBPA-DBMPE in terms of some parameters were comparable with 50 μg/kg/d HBCD, suggesting that TBBPA-DBMPE may not be an ideal substitute of HBCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi-Ming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhan-Fen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are small lipid-binding proteins abundantly expressed in tissues that are highly active in fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Ten mammalian FABPs have been identified, with tissue-specific expression patterns and highly conserved tertiary structures. FABPs were initially studied as intracellular FA transport proteins. Further investigation has demonstrated their participation in lipid metabolism, both directly and via regulation of gene expression, and in signaling within their cells of expression. There is also evidence that they may be secreted and have functional impact via the circulation. It has also been shown that the FABP ligand binding repertoire extends beyond long-chain FAs and that their functional properties also involve participation in systemic metabolism. This article reviews the present understanding of FABP functions and their apparent roles in disease, particularly metabolic and inflammation-related disorders and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States;
| | - Betina Corsico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, La Plata, Argentina;
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4
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Bukas C, Galter I, da Silva-Buttkus P, Fuchs H, Maier H, Gailus-Durner V, Müller CL, Hrabě de Angelis M, Piraud M, Spielmann N. Echo2Pheno: a deep-learning application to uncover echocardiographic phenotypes in conscious mice. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:200-215. [PMID: 37221250 PMCID: PMC10290584 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-09996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Echocardiography, a rapid and cost-effective imaging technique, assesses cardiac function and structure. Despite its popularity in cardiovascular medicine and clinical research, image-derived phenotypic measurements are manually performed, requiring expert knowledge and training. Notwithstanding great progress in deep-learning applications in small animal echocardiography, the focus has so far only been on images of anesthetized rodents. We present here a new algorithm specifically designed for echocardiograms acquired in conscious mice called Echo2Pheno, an automatic statistical learning workflow for analyzing and interpreting high-throughput non-anesthetized transthoracic murine echocardiographic images in the presence of genetic knockouts. Echo2Pheno comprises a neural network module for echocardiographic image analysis and phenotypic measurements, including a statistical hypothesis-testing framework for assessing phenotypic differences between populations. Using 2159 images of 16 different knockout mouse strains of the German Mouse Clinic, Echo2Pheno accurately confirms known cardiovascular genotype-phenotype relationships (e.g., Dystrophin) and discovers novel genes (e.g., CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 6-like, Cnot6l, and synaptotagmin-like protein 4, Sytl4), which cause altered cardiovascular phenotypes, as verified by H&E-stained histological images. Echo2Pheno provides an important step toward automatic end-to-end learning for linking echocardiographic readouts to cardiovascular phenotypes of interest in conscious mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bukas
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isabella Galter
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia da Silva-Buttkus
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Holger Maier
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian L Müller
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Statistics, LMU München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute, New York, USA
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Marie Piraud
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Spielmann
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
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5
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Li X, Liu Q, Pan Y, Chen S, Zhao Y, Hu Y. New insights into the role of dietary triglyceride absorption in obesity and metabolic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1097835. [PMID: 36817150 PMCID: PMC9932209 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1097835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity and associated metabolic diseases is increasing globally, adversely affecting human health. Dietary fats, especially triglycerides, are an important source of energy for the body, and the intestine absorbs lipids through a series of orderly and complex steps. A long-term high-fat diet leads to intestinal dysfunction, inducing obesity and metabolic disorders. Therefore, regulating dietary triglycerides absorption is a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we will discuss diverse aspects of the dietary triglycerides hydrolysis, fatty acid uptake, triglycerides resynthesis, chylomicron assembly, trafficking, and secretion processes in intestinal epithelial cells, as well as potential targets in this process that may influence dietary fat-induced obesity and metabolic diseases. We also mention the possible shortcomings and deficiencies in modulating dietary lipid absorption targets to provide a better understanding of their administrability as drugs in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaohong Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yu Zhao, ; Yiyang Hu,
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yu Zhao, ; Yiyang Hu,
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6
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Wang K, She Y, Mangat R, Makarowski A, Roy BC, Bruce HL, Dyck MK, Richard C, Proctor SD. Preferential deposition of dairy derived fatty acids in muscle tissue is partially due to the upregulation of CD36 in a low-birth-weight swine model. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad113. [PMID: 37086180 PMCID: PMC10184697 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a worldwide health issue. Previous research has revealed that low-birth weight (LBW) swine fed a high-fat (HF) diet were susceptible to insulin resistance (IR) and developed a preferential intestinal lipid absorption, hypertriglyceridemia, and muscle steatosis. We hypothesized that fatty acid transporters such as CD36, FATP4, and FABP2 could potentially explain the development of these conditions. In addition, dairy-derived fatty acids have been shown to be valid biomarkers to assess dairy intake, which can be utilized to investigate muscle lipid deposition in LBW swine. The overall aim of this study was to delineate molecular transport candidates responsible for intestinal lipid absorption and muscle lipid deposition in LBW swine; and secondly to determine what dietary fatty acids might accumulate preferentially in pork muscle when consuming dairy products. At 5 weeks of age, normal birth weight (NBW) and LBW piglets were randomly assigned to three experimental diets: 1-chow diet, 2-HF diet, or 3-isocaloric HF diet supplemented with full fat dairy products. At 12 weeks of age, piglets were euthanized, and carcass, fasting plasma, biceps femoris and jejunum mucosal scrapings were collected. Results showed that HF-fed LBW swine exhibited early signs of IR (fasting glucose, P < 0.05; fasting insulin, P = 0.091; HOMA-IR, P = 0.086) compared with NBW-Chow, which were attenuated with increased dairy intake. Muscle samples from HF-fed LBW swine contained significantly more triglyceride compared to Chow-fed NBW swine (P < 0.05). Increased dairy intake significantly increased myristic acid (C14:0) and DPA (C22:5n3) relative to HF feeding alone (P < 0.05). All HF-fed LBW swine (regardless of dairy intake) exhibited an upregulation of CD36 expression (but not FABP2) compared with NBW littermates in both the small intestine and muscle (P < 0.05). Interestingly, increased dairy intake significantly increased the Canadian Lean Yield percentage in LBW swine fed an HF diet (P < 0.05). Findings from this study provide evidence on the mechanistic pathway of intestinal and muscle lipid metabolism in an innovative LBW swine model. We have also revealed that increasing dairy intake can enhance the incorporation of dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids into pork, as well as increasing the predicted lean yield of the carcass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yongbo She
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rabban Mangat
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexander Makarowski
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bimol C Roy
- Division of Animal Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather L Bruce
- Division of Animal Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael K Dyck
- Division of Animal Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caroline Richard
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Spencer D Proctor
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Gajda AM, Tawfeeq HR, Lackey AI, Zhou YX, Kanaan H, Pappas A, Xu H, Kodukula S, Storch J. The proximal intestinal Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins liver FABP (LFABP) and intestinal FABP (IFABP) differentially modulate whole body energy homeostasis but are not centrally involved in net dietary lipid absorption: Studies of the LFABP/IFABP double knockout mouse. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159238. [PMID: 36206853 PMCID: PMC9940823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Proximal intestinal enterocytes expresses both intestinal-fatty acid binding protein (IFABP; FABP2) and liver-FABP (LFABP; FABP1). These FABPs are thought to be important in the net uptake of dietary lipid from the intestinal lumen, however their specific and potentially unique functions in the enterocyte remain incompletely understood. We previously showed markedly divergent phenotypes in LFABP-/- vs. IFABP-/- mice fed high-fat diets, with the former becoming obese and the latter remaining lean relative to wild-type (WT) mice, supporting different functional roles for each protein. Interestingly, neither mouse model displayed increased fecal lipid concentration, raising the question of whether the presence of one FABP was sufficient to compensate for absence of the other. Here, we generated an LFABP and IFABP double knockout mouse (DKO) to determine whether simultaneous ablation would lead to fat malabsorption, and to further interrogate the individual vs. overlapping functions of these proteins. Male WT, IFABP-/-, LFABP-/-, and DKO mice were fed a low-fat (10 % kcal) or high-fat (45 % kcal) diet for 12 weeks. The body weights and fat mass of the DKO mice integrated those of the LFABP-/- and IFABP-/- single knockouts, supporting the notion that IFABP and LFABP have distinct functions in intestinal lipid assimilation that result in downstream alterations in systemic energy metabolism. Remarkably, no differences in fecal fat concentrations were found in the DKO compared to WT, revealing that the FABPs are not required for net intestinal uptake of dietary lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Gajda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Hiba R Tawfeeq
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Atreju I Lackey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yin Xiu Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Hamzeh Kanaan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Arete Pappas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Heli Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sarala Kodukula
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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8
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Yan T, Luo Y, Yan N, Hamada K, Zhao N, Xia Y, Wang P, Zhao C, Qi D, Yang S, Sun L, Cai J, Wang Q, Jiang C, Gavrilova O, Krausz KW, Patel DP, Yu X, Wu X, Hao H, Liu W, Qu A, Gonzalez FJ. Intestinal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α-fatty acid-binding protein 1 axis modulates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2023; 77:239-255. [PMID: 35460276 PMCID: PMC9970020 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) regulates fatty acid transport and catabolism in liver. However, the role of intestinal PPARα in lipid homeostasis is largely unknown. Here, intestinal PPARα was examined for its modulation of obesity and NASH. APPROACH AND RESULTS Intestinal PPARα was activated and fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) up-regulated in humans with obesity and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice as revealed by using human intestine specimens or HFD/high-fat, high-cholesterol, and high-fructose diet (HFCFD)-fed C57BL/6N mice and PPARA -humanized, peroxisome proliferator response element-luciferase mice. Intestine-specific Ppara or Fabp1 disruption in mice fed a HFD or HFCFD decreased obesity-associated metabolic disorders and NASH. Molecular analyses by luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in combination with fatty acid uptake assays in primary intestinal organoids revealed that intestinal PPARα induced the expression of FABP1 that in turn mediated the effects of intestinal PPARα in modulating fatty acid uptake. The PPARα antagonist GW6471 improved obesity and NASH, dependent on intestinal PPARα or FABP1. Double-knockout ( Ppara/Fabp1ΔIE ) mice demonstrated that intestinal Ppara disruption failed to further decrease obesity and NASH in the absence of intestinal FABP1. Translationally, GW6471 reduced human PPARA-driven intestinal fatty acid uptake and improved obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions in PPARA -humanized, but not Ppara -null, mice. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal PPARα signaling promotes NASH progression through regulating dietary fatty acid uptake through modulation of FABP1, which provides a compelling therapeutic target for NASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuhong Luo
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nana Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Keisuke Hamada
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yangliu Xia
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Changdong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, P.R. China
| | - Dan Qi
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shoumei Yang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lulu Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jie Cai
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Qiong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core Laboratory, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristopher W. Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daxesh P. Patel
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Central Laboratory and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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9
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Assante G, Tourna A, Carpani R, Ferrari F, Prati D, Peyvandi F, Blasi F, Bandera A, Le Guennec A, Chokshi S, Patel VC, Cox IJ, Valenti L, Youngson NA. Reduced circulating FABP2 in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 may indicate enterocyte functional change rather than cell death. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18792. [PMID: 36335131 PMCID: PMC9637119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut is of importance in the pathology of COVID-19 both as a route of infection, and gut dysfunction influencing the severity of disease. Systemic changes caused by SARS-CoV-2 gut infection include alterations in circulating levels of metabolites, nutrients and microbial products which alter immune and inflammatory responses. Circulating plasma markers for gut inflammation and damage such as zonulin, lipopolysaccharide and β-glycan increase in plasma along with severity of disease. However, Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein / Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 (I-FABP/FABP2), a widely used biomarker for gut cell death, has paradoxically been shown to be reduced in moderate to severe COVID-19. We also found this pattern in a pilot cohort of mild (n = 18) and moderately severe (n = 19) COVID-19 patients in Milan from March to June 2020. These patients were part of the first phase of COVID-19 in Europe and were therefore all unvaccinated. After exclusion of outliers, patients with more severe vs milder disease showed reduced FABP2 levels (median [IQR]) (124 [368] vs. 274 [558] pg/mL, P < 0.01). A reduction in NMR measured plasma relative lipid-CH3 levels approached significance (median [IQR]) (0.081 [0.011] vs. 0.073 [0.024], P = 0.06). Changes in circulating lipid levels are another feature commonly observed in severe COVID-19 and a weak positive correlation was observed in the more severe group between reduced FABP2 and reduced relative lipid-CH3 and lipid-CH2 levels. FABP2 is a key regulator of enterocyte lipid import, a process which is inhibited by gut SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose that the reduced circulating FABP2 in moderate to severe COVID-19 is a marker of infected enterocyte functional change rather than gut damage, which could also contribute to the development of hypolipidemia in patients with more severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Assante
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - A Tourna
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - R Carpani
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - F Ferrari
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - D Prati
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - F Peyvandi
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Blasi
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bandera
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Le Guennec
- Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, King's College, London, UK
| | - S Chokshi
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
| | - V C Patel
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - I J Cox
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK.
| | - L Valenti
- Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy.
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - N A Youngson
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College, London, UK.
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10
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Filippello A, Di Mauro S, Scamporrino A, Torrisi SA, Leggio GM, Di Pino A, Scicali R, Di Marco M, Malaguarnera R, Purrello F, Piro S. Molecular Effects of Chronic Exposure to Palmitate in Intestinal Organoids: A New Model to Study Obesity and Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147751. [PMID: 35887100 PMCID: PMC9320247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal cell dysfunctions involved in obesity and associated diabetes could be correlated with impaired intestinal cell development. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying these dysfunctions have been poorly investigated because of the lack of a good model for studying obesity. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lipotoxicity on intestinal cell differentiation in small intestinal organoid platforms, which are used to analyze the regulation of cell differentiation. Mouse intestinal organoids were grown in the presence/absence of high palmitate concentrations (0.5 mM) for 48 h to simulate lipotoxicity. Palmitate treatment altered the expression of markers involved in the differentiation of enterocytes and goblet cells in the early (Hes1) and late (Muc2) phases of their development, respectively, and it modified enterocytes and goblet cell numbers. Furthermore, the expression of enteroendocrine cell progenitors (Ngn3) and I cells (CCK) markers was also impaired, as well as CCK-positive cell numbers and CCK secretion. Our data indicate, for the first time, that lipotoxicity simultaneously influences the differentiation of specific intestinal cell types in the gut: enterocytes, goblet cells and CCK cells. Through this study, we identified novel targets associated with molecular mechanisms affected by lipotoxicity that could be important for obesity and diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Filippello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefania Di Mauro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Alessandra Scamporrino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Sebastiano Alfio Torrisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.A.T.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Gian Marco Leggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.A.T.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Antonino Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Roberto Scicali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Maurizio Di Marco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-09-5759-8401
| | - Salvatore Piro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Internal Medicine, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy; (A.F.); (S.D.M.); (A.S.); (A.D.P.); (R.S.); (M.D.M.); (S.P.)
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11
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Huang X, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Wang Q. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein: A rising therapeutic target in lipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 87:101178. [PMID: 35780915 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are key proteins in lipid transport, and the isoforms are segregated according to their tissue origins. Several isoforms, such as adipose-FABP and epidermal-FABP, have been shown to participate in multiple pathologic processes due to their ubiquitous expression. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein, also termed FABP2 or I-FABP, is specifically expressed in the small intestine. FABP2 can traffic lipids from the intestinal lumen to enterocytes and bind superfluous fatty acids to maintain a steady pool of fatty acids in the epithelium. As a lipid chaperone, FABP2 can also carry lipophilic drugs to facilitate targeted transport. When the integrity of the intestinal epithelium is disrupted, FABP2 is released into the circulation. Thus, it can potentially serve as a clinical biomarker. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of FABP2 in intestinal lipid metabolism. We also summarize the molecular interactions that have been reported to date, highlighting the clinical prospects of FABP2 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Youci Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yunwei Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Gastroenterology of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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12
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SCD1 is nutritionally and spatially regulated in the intestine and influences systemic postprandial lipid homeostasis and gut-liver crosstalk. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159195. [PMID: 35718096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-membrane resident protein that inserts a double bond into saturated fatty acids, converting them into their monounsaturated counterparts. Previous studies have demonstrated an important role for SCD1 in modulating tissue and systemic health. Specifically, lack of hepatic or cutaneous SCD1 results in significant reductions in tissue esterified lipids. While the intestine is an important site of lipid esterification and assimilation into the body, the regulation of intestinal SCD1 or its impact on lipid composition in the intestine and other tissues has not been investigated. Here we report that unlike other lipogenic enzymes, SCD1 is enriched in the distal small intestine and in the colon of chow-fed mice and is robustly upregulated by acute refeeding of a high-sucrose diet. We generated a mouse model lacking SCD1 specifically in the intestine (iKO mice). These mice have significant reductions not only in intestinal lipids, but also in plasma triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and free cholesterol. Additionally, hepatic accumulation of diacylglycerols is significantly reduced in iKO mice. Comprehensive targeted lipidomic profiling revealed a consistent reduction in the myristoleic (14:1) to myristic (14:0) acid ratios in intestine, liver, and plasma of iKO mice. Consistent with the reduction of the monounsaturated fatty acid myristoleic acid in hepatic lipids of chow fed iKO mice, hepatic expression of Pgc-1α, Sirt1, and related fatty acid oxidation genes were reduced in chow-fed iKO mice. Further, lack of intestinal SCD1 reduced expression of de novo lipogenic genes in distal intestine of chow-fed mice and in the livers of mice fed a lipogenic high-sucrose diet. Taken together, these studies reveal a novel pattern of expression of SCD1 in the intestine. They also demonstrate that intestinal SCD1 modulates lipid content and composition of not only intestinal tissues, but also that of plasma and liver. Further, these data point to intestinal SCD1 as a modulator of gut-liver crosstalk, potentially through the production of novel signaling lipids such as myristoleic acid. These data have important implications to understanding how intestinal SCD1 may modulate risk for post-prandial lipemia, hepatic steatosis, and related pathologies.
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13
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Ghareeb AFA, Schneiders GH, Richter JN, Foutz JC, Milfort MC, Fuller AL, Yuan J, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Heat stress modulates the disruptive effects of Eimeria maxima infection on the ileum nutrient digestibility, molecular transporters, and tissue morphology in meat-type chickens. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269131. [PMID: 35657942 PMCID: PMC9165794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Eimeria (E.) maxima is one of the most pathogenic Eimeria spp persistently invading the middle jejunum and ileum, damaging the intestinal mucosa of chickens. Heat stress (HS) is a common stressor and equally contributes to inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of E. maxima infection and HS on ileal digestibility, mRNA expression of nutrient transporters, and ileal tissue morphology in broiler chickens. There were four treatment groups: thermoneutral control (TNc), thermoneutral infected (TNi), heat stress control (HSc), and heat stress infected (HSi), 6 replicates each of 10 birds per treatment. Chickens were fed a diet containing 0.2% TiO2. At 6-day-post infection, ileal content and tissue were collected to quantify ileal digestibility of crude protein and fat, mRNA levels of nutrient transporters and histopathology. Growth and feed intake were reduced in all treatment groups, compared with the TNc. Contrary to expectation, the combination of two major stressors (E. maxima and HS) in the TNi group exhibited almost normal digestibility while only the TNi birds expressed severe digestibility depression, compared with the TNc group. The TNi group showed the lowest mRNA expression of the transporters: SGLT1, GLUT2-5-8-10-12, FABP1-2-6, and PEPT1 compared with the other treatment groups. The expression of the absorptive enterocytes’ gene markers (ACSL5, IAP, and SGLT1) supported by the ileal tissue morphology indicated that the TNi group had the highest enterocytic destruction. The expression of oxidative genes (iNOS and CYBB) dramatically increased only in the TNi group compared with the other treatment groups. Our results showed that exposing broiler chickens to HS can mitigate the disruptive effect of E. maxima on the ileal digestibility and absorption by limiting the parasite-induced tissue injury and suppressing the enterocytic inducible oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. A. Ghareeb
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Gustavo H. Schneiders
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jennifer N. Richter
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - James C. Foutz
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Marie C. Milfort
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Albert L. Fuller
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Samuel E. Aggrey
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Wu G, Tawfeeq HR, Lackey AI, Zhou Y, Sifnakis Z, Zacharisen SM, Xu H, Doran JM, Sampath H, Zhao L, Lam YY, Storch J. Gut Microbiota and Phenotypic Changes Induced by Ablation of Liver- and Intestinal-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091762. [PMID: 35565729 PMCID: PMC9099671 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP; FABP2) and liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP; FABP1) are small intracellular lipid-binding proteins. Deficiency of either of these proteins in mice leads to differential changes in intestinal lipid transport and metabolism, and to markedly divergent changes in whole-body energy homeostasis. The gut microbiota has been reported to play a pivotal role in metabolic process in the host and can be affected by host genetic factors. Here, we examined the phenotypes of wild-type (WT), LFABP-/-, and IFABP-/- mice before and after high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and applied 16S rRNA gene V4 sequencing to explore guild-level changes in the gut microbiota and their associations with the phenotypes. The results show that, compared with WT and IFABP-/- mice, LFABP-/- mice gained more weight, had longer intestinal transit time, less fecal output, and more guilds containing bacteria associated with obesity, such as members in family Desulfovibrionaceae. By contrast, IFABP-/- mice gained the least weight, had the shortest intestinal transit time, the most fecal output, and the highest abundance of potentially beneficial guilds such as those including members from Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. Twelve out of the eighteen genotype-related bacterial guilds were associated with body weight. Interestingly, compared with WT mice, the levels of short-chain fatty acids in feces were significantly higher in LFABP-/- and IFABP-/- mice under both diets. Collectively, these studies show that the ablation of LFABP or IFABP induced marked changes in the gut microbiota, and these were associated with HFD-induced phenotypic changes in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Wu
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Hiba R. Tawfeeq
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Atreju I. Lackey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yinxiu Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Zoe Sifnakis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Sophia M. Zacharisen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Heli Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Justine M. Doran
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
| | - Harini Sampath
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Yan Y. Lam
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (H.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolism Group, Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +852-3411-2922 (Y.Y.L.); +1-848-932-1689 (J.S.)
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (H.R.T.); (A.I.L.); (Y.Z.); (Z.S.); (S.M.Z.); (H.X.); (J.M.D.)
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +852-3411-2922 (Y.Y.L.); +1-848-932-1689 (J.S.)
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15
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Genome-wide scan for selection signatures and genes related to heat tolerance in domestic chickens in the tropical and temperate regions in Asia. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101821. [PMID: 35537342 PMCID: PMC9118144 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the major environmental stressors challenging the global poultry industry. Identifying the genes responsible for heat tolerance is fundamentally important for direct breeding programs. To uncover the genetic basis underlying the ambient temperature adaptation of chickens, we analyzed a total of 59 whole genomes from indigenous chickens that inhabit South Asian tropical regions and temperate regions from Northern China. We applied FST and π-ratio to scan selective sweeps and identified 34 genes with a signature of positive selection in chickens from tropical regions. Several of these genes are functionally implicated in metabolism (FABP2, RAMP3, SUGCT, and TSHR) and vascular smooth muscle contractility (CAMK2), and they may be associated with adaptation to tropical regions. In particular, we found a missense mutation in thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (41020238:G>A) that shows significant differences in allele frequency between the chicken populations of the two regions. To evaluate whether the missense mutation in TSHR could enhance the heat tolerance of chickens, we constructed segregated chicken populations and conducted heat stress experiments using homozygous mutations (AA) and wild-type (GG) chickens. We found that GG chickens exhibited significantly higher concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase than AA chickens under heat stress (35 ± 1°C) conditions (P < 0.05). These results suggest that TSHR (41020238:G>A) can facilitate heat tolerance and adaptation to higher ambient temperature conditions in tropical climates. Overall, our results provide potential candidate genes for molecular breeding of heat-tolerant chickens.
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16
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A Lard and Soybean Oil Mixture Alleviates Low-Fat-High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030560. [PMID: 35276916 PMCID: PMC8840387 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary habit is highly related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Low-fat–high-carbohydrate (LFHC) diets could induce lean NAFLD in Asians. Previously, we found that a lard and soybean oil mixture reduced fat accumulation with a medium-fat diet; therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effect of a lard and soybean oil mixture (LFHC diet) on NAFLD and its underlying mechanisms. Mice in groups were fed with lard, soybean oil, or a lard and soybean oil mixture—an LFHC diet—separately. Our results showed that mixed oil significantly inhibited serum triglyceride, liver triglyceride, serum free fatty acids (FFAs), and liver FFAs compared with soybean oil or lard, and we found fewer inflammatory cells in mice fed with mixed oil. RNA-seq results indicate that mixed oil reduced FFAs transportation into the liver via decreasing liver fatty acid-binding protein 2 expression, inhibited oxidative phosphorylation via tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 downregulation, and alleviated inflammation via downregulating inflammatory cytokine. The liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry results showed that the mixed oil promoted bile acid conjugated with taurine and glycine, thus activating G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 for improved lipids metabolism. In conclusion, the lard and soybean oil mixture alleviated NAFLD.
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17
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Levy E, Beaulieu JF, Spahis S. From Congenital Disorders of Fat Malabsorption to Understanding Intra-Enterocyte Mechanisms Behind Chylomicron Assembly and Secretion. Front Physiol 2021; 12:629222. [PMID: 33584351 PMCID: PMC7873531 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.629222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades, a large body of information on the events responsible for intestinal fat digestion and absorption has been accumulated. In particular, many groups have extensively focused on the absorptive phase in order to highlight the critical "players" and the main mechanisms orchestrating the assembly and secretion of chylomicrons (CM) as essential vehicles of alimentary lipids. The major aim of this article is to review understanding derived from basic science and clinical conditions associated with impaired packaging and export of CM. We have particularly insisted on inborn metabolic pathways in humans as well as on genetically modified animal models (recapitulating pathological features). The ultimate goal of this approach is that "experiments of nature" and in vivo model strategy collectively allow gaining novel mechanistic insight and filling the gap between the underlying genetic defect and the apparent clinical phenotype. Thus, uncovering the cause of disease contributes not only to understanding normal physiologic pathway, but also to capturing disorder onset, progression, treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Levy
- Research Centre, CHU Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, CHU Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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18
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Lai MP, Katz FS, Bernard C, Storch J, Stark RE. Two fatty acid-binding proteins expressed in the intestine interact differently with endocannabinoids. Protein Sci 2020; 29:1606-1617. [PMID: 32298508 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two different members of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family are found in enterocyte cells of the gastrointestinal system, namely liver-type and intestinal fatty acid-binding proteins (LFABP and IFABP, also called FABP1 and FABP2, respectively). Striking phenotypic differences have been observed in knockout mice for either protein, for example, high fat-fed IFABP-null mice remained lean, whereas LFABP-null mice were obese, correlating with differences in food intake. This finding prompted us to investigate the role each protein plays in directing the specificity of binding to ligands involved in appetite regulation, such as fatty acid ethanolamides and related endocannabinoids. We determined the binding affinities for nine structurally related ligands using a fluorescence competition assay, revealing tighter binding to IFABP than LFABP for all ligands tested. We found that the head group of the ligand had more impact on binding affinity than the alkyl chain, with the strongest binding observed for the carboxyl group, followed by the amide, and then the glycerol ester. These trends were confirmed using two-dimensional 1 H-15 N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to monitor chemical shift perturbation of the protein backbone resonances upon titration with ligand. Interestingly, the NMR data revealed that different residues of IFABP were involved in the coordination of endocannabinoids than those implicated for fatty acids, whereas the same residues of LFABP were involved for both classes of ligand. In addition, we identified residues that are uniquely affected by binding of all types of ligand to IFABP, suggesting a rationale for its tighter binding affinity compared with LFABP.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Poh Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY City College of New York, New York, New York, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francine S Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY City College of New York, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cédric Bernard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY City College of New York, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ruth E Stark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CUNY City College of New York, New York, New York, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Institute for Macromolecular Assemblies, New York, New York, USA
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19
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Zhao Y, Cao X, Fu L, Gao J. n-3 PUFA reduction caused by fabp2 deletion interferes with triacylglycerol metabolism and cholesterolhomeostasis in fish. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2149-2161. [PMID: 31950220 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding protein 2 (Fabp2), which is involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids, is widely studied in mammals. Nevertheless, the role of this protein in teleost fish is mostly unknown. Here, we produced a fabp2-/- zebrafish (KO) animal model. Compared with wild-type zebrafish (WT), KO had a markedly decreased content of intestinal n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and increased levels of intestinal, hepatic, and serum triacylglycerols (TAG). The intestinal transcriptome analysis of KO and WT revealed an obviously disrupted TAG metabolism and up-regulated bile secretion in KO. Expression levels of the genes related to fatty acid transport and cholesterol (CL) absorption in the intestine of KO were significantly lower than those of WT, while the expression levels of genes related to intestinal TAG synthesis and hepatic CL synthesis were in the opposite direction. To confirm these findings, we further established fabp2 transgenic zebrafish (TG). Compared with WT, TG had a markedly increased content of intestinal n-3 PUFAs, a significantly decreased level of hepatic TAG, and significantly higher expression of genes related to fatty acid transport and CL absorption in the intestine. In conclusion, this study suggests that teleost fish fabp2 could promote intestinal n-3 PUFA absorption to mediate TAG synthesis and CL homeostasis, by regulating the genes involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaojuan Cao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, No. 1 Shizishan Stress, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lele Fu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian Gao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, No. 1 Shizishan Stress, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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20
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Lee SA, Yang KJZ, Brun PJ, Silvaroli JA, Yuen JJ, Shmarakov I, Jiang H, Feranil JB, Li X, Lackey AI, Krężel W, Leibel RL, Libien J, Storch J, Golczak M, Blaner WS. Retinol-binding protein 2 (RBP2) binds monoacylglycerols and modulates gut endocrine signaling and body weight. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay8937. [PMID: 32195347 PMCID: PMC7065888 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Expressed in the small intestine, retinol-binding protein 2 (RBP2) facilitates dietary retinoid absorption. Rbp2-deficient (Rbp2-/- ) mice fed a chow diet exhibit by 6-7 months-of-age higher body weights, impaired glucose metabolism, and greater hepatic triglyceride levels compared to controls. These phenotypes are also observed when young Rbp2-/- mice are fed a high fat diet. Retinoids do not account for the phenotypes. Rather, RBP2 is a previously unidentified monoacylglycerol (MAG)-binding protein, interacting with the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and other MAGs with affinities comparable to retinol. X-ray crystallographic studies show that MAGs bind in the retinol binding pocket. When challenged with an oil gavage, Rbp2-/- mice show elevated mucosal levels of 2-MAGs. This is accompanied by significantly elevated blood levels of the gut hormone GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). Thus, RBP2, in addition to facilitating dietary retinoid absorption, modulates MAG metabolism and likely signaling, playing a heretofore unknown role in systemic energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ah Lee
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kryscilla Jian Zhang Yang
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pierre-Jacques Brun
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josie A. Silvaroli
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jason J. Yuen
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Igor Shmarakov
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun B. Feranil
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xueting Li
- PhD Program in Nutritional and Metabolic Biology, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Atreju I. Lackey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, U1258, CNRS, UMR 7104, Unistra, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Rudolph L. Leibel
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jenny Libien
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Marcin Golczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - William S. Blaner
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Lackey AI, Chen T, Zhou YX, Bottasso Arias NM, Doran JM, Zacharisen SM, Gajda AM, Jonsson WO, Córsico B, Anthony TG, Joseph LB, Storch J. Mechanisms underlying reduced weight gain in intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) null mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G518-G530. [PMID: 31905021 PMCID: PMC7099495 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00120.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal-fatty acid binding protein (IFABP; FABP2) is a 15-kDa intracellular protein abundantly present in the cytosol of the small intestinal (SI) enterocyte. High-fat (HF) feeding of IFABP-/- mice resulted in reduced weight gain and fat mass relative to wild-type (WT) mice. Here, we examined intestinal properties that may underlie the observed lean phenotype of high fat-fed IFABP-/- mice. No alterations in fecal lipid content were found, suggesting that the IFABP-/- mice are not malabsorbing dietary fat. However, the total excreted fecal mass, normalized to food intake, was increased for the IFABP-/- mice relative to WT mice. Moreover, intestinal transit time was more rapid in the IFABP-/- mice. IFABP-/- mice displayed a shortened average villus length, a thinner muscularis layer, reduced goblet cell density, and reduced Paneth cell abundance. The number of proliferating cells in the crypts of IFABP-/- mice did not differ from that of WT mice, suggesting that the blunt villi phenotype is not due to alterations in proliferation. IFABP-/- mice were observed to have altered expression of genes and proteins related to intestinal structure, while immunohistochemical analyses revealed increased staining for markers of inflammation. Taken together, these studies indicate that the ablation of IFABP, coupled with high-fat feeding, leads to changes in gut motility and morphology, which likely contribute to the relatively leaner phenotype occurring at the whole-body level. Thus, IFABP is likely involved in dietary lipid sensing and signaling, influencing intestinal motility, intestinal structure, and nutrient absorption, thereby impacting systemic energy metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) is thought to be essential for the efficient uptake and trafficking of dietary fatty acids. In this study, we demonstrate that high-fat-fed IFABP-/- mice have an increased fecal output and are likely malabsorbing other nutrients in addition to lipid. Furthermore, we observe that the ablation of IFABP leads to marked alterations in intestinal morphology and secretory cell abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atreju I Lackey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Tina Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Yin X Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Natalia M Bottasso Arias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Justine M Doran
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Sophia M Zacharisen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Angela M Gajda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - William O Jonsson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Betina Córsico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Tracy G Anthony
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Laurie B Joseph
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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22
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Xu H, Gajda AM, Zhou YX, Panetta C, Sifnakis Z, Fatima A, Henderson GC, Storch J. Muscle metabolic reprogramming underlies the resistance of liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP)-null mice to high-fat feeding-induced decline in exercise capacity. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15358-15372. [PMID: 31451493 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP) binds long-chain fatty acids with high affinity and is abundantly expressed in the liver and small intestine. Although LFABP is thought to function in intracellular lipid trafficking, studies of LFABP-null (LFABP-/-) mice have also indicated a role in regulating systemic energy homeostasis. We and others have reported that LFABP-/- mice become more obese than wildtype (WT) mice upon high-fat feeding. Here, we show that despite increased body weight and fat mass, LFABP-/- mice are protected from a high-fat feeding-induced decline in exercise capacity, displaying an approximate doubling of running distance compared with WT mice. To understand this surprising exercise phenotype, we focused on metabolic alterations in the skeletal muscle due to LFABP ablation. Compared with WT mice, resting skeletal muscle of LFABP-/- mice had higher glycogen and intramuscular triglyceride levels as well as an increased fatty acid oxidation rate and greater mitochondrial enzyme activities, suggesting higher substrate availability and substrate utilization capacity. Dynamic changes in the respiratory exchange ratio during exercise indicated that LFABP-/- mice use more carbohydrate in the beginning of an exercise period and then switch to using lipids preferentially in the later stage. Consistently, LFABP-/- mice exhibited a greater decrease in muscle glycogen stores during exercise and elevated circulating free fatty acid levels postexercise. We conclude that, because LFABP is not expressed in muscle, its ablation appears to promote interorgan signaling that alters muscle substrate levels and metabolism, thereby contributing to the prevention of high-fat feeding-induced skeletal muscle impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Angela M Gajda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901.,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Yin Xiu Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Cristina Panetta
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Zoe Sifnakis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Anam Fatima
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Gregory C Henderson
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901.,Department of Exercise Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 .,Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
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23
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Wu G, Zhang Z, Tang Q, Liu L, Liu W, Li Q, Wang Q. Study of FABP's interactome and detecting new molecular targets in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3776-3789. [PMID: 31602654 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Qizhen Tang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nursing The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Quanlin Li
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
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24
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Xu P, Guo H, Wang H, Lee SC, Liu M, Pan Y, Zheng J, Zheng K, Wang H, Xie Y, Bai X, Liu Y, Zhao M, Wang L. Downregulations of placental fatty acid transporters during cadmium-induced fetal growth restriction. Toxicology 2019; 423:112-122. [PMID: 31152847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental pollutants, which has multiple toxic effects on fetuses and placentas. Placental fatty acid (FA) uptake and transport are critical for the fetal and placental development. We aimed to analyze the triglyceride (TG) level, the expression patterns of several key genes involved in FA uptake and transport, and the molecular mechanisms for the altered gene expressions in placentas in response to Cd treatment. Our results showed that the placental TG level was significantly decreased in the Cd-exposed placentas. Fatty acid transporting protein 1 (FATP1), FATP6 and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) were significantly down-regulated in the placentas from Cd-exposed mice. The expression level of phospho-p38 MAPK was increased by Cd treatment, while the protein level of total p38 MAPK remained unchanged. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were significantly decreased in the Cd-exposed placentas. The methylation levels of the promoter regions of FATP1, FATP6 and FABP3 showed no significant differences between the treatment and control groups. In addition, the circulating non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), total cholesterol (TC), and TG levels were not decreased in the maternal serum from the Cd-exposed mice. Therefore, our results suggest Cd exposure dose not reduce the maternal FA supply, but reduces the placental TG level. Cd treatment also downregulates the placental expressions of FATP1, FATP6 and FABP3, respectively associated with p38-MAPK, p38 MAPK/PPAR-γ and HIF-1α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Huiqin Guo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yongliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Function Examination, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China.
| | - Kang Zheng
- Special Ward, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yuxin Xie
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Bai
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201300, China.
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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25
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Kaufman S, Arnold M, Diaz AA, Neubauer H, Wolfrum S, Köfeler H, Langhans W, Krieger JP. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery reprograms enterocyte triglyceride metabolism and postprandial secretion in rats. Mol Metab 2019; 23:51-59. [PMID: 30905616 PMCID: PMC6480308 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery produces rapid and persistent reductions in plasma triglyceride (TG) levels associated with fewer cardiovascular events. The mechanisms of the reduction in systemic TG levels remain unclear. We hypothesized that RYGB reduces intestinal TG secretion via altered enterocyte lipid handling. METHODS RYGB or Sham surgery was performed in diet-induced obese, insulin-resistant male Sprague-Dawley rats. First, we tested whether RYGB reduced test meal-induced TG levels in the intestinal lymph, a direct readout of enterocyte lipid secretion. Second, we examined whether RYGB modified TG enterocyte secretion at the single lipid level and in comparison to other lipid subclasses, applying mass spectrometry lipidomics to the intestinal lymph of RYGB and Sham rats (0-21 days after surgery). Third, we explored whether RYGB modulated the metabolic characteristics of primary enterocytes using transcriptional and functional assays relevant to TG absorption, reesterification, storage in lipid droplets, and oxidation. RESULTS RYGB reduced overall postprandial TG concentrations compared to Sham surgery in plasma and intestinal lymph similarly. RYGB reduced lymphatic TG concentrations more than other lipid subclasses, and shifted the remaining TG pool towards long-chain, unsaturated species. In enterocytes of fasted RYGB rats, lipid uptake was transcriptionally (Fatp4, Fabp2, Cd36) and functionally reduced compared to Sham, whereas TG reesterification genes were upregulated. CONCLUSION Our results show that RYGB substantially reduces intestinal TG secretion and modifies enterocyte lipid absorption and handling in rats. These changes likely contribute to the improvements in the plasma TG profile observed after RYGB in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kaufman
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
| | - Myrtha Arnold
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | | | - Heike Neubauer
- Department of Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH and Co. KG, 88397 Biberach/Riss, Germany
| | - Susanne Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Harald Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry Lipidomics Research Center Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Langhans
- Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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26
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Rodriguez Sawicki L, Bottasso Arias NM, Scaglia N, Falomir Lockhart LJ, Franchini GR, Storch J, Córsico B. FABP1 knockdown in human enterocytes impairs proliferation and alters lipid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1862:1587-1594. [PMID: 28919479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins (FABPs) are abundant intracellular proteins that bind long chain fatty acids (FA) and have been related with inmunometabolic diseases. Intestinal epithelial cells express two isoforms of FABPs: liver FABP (LFABP or FABP1) and intestinal FABP (IFABP or FABP2). They are thought to be associated with intracellular dietary lipid transport and trafficking towards diverse cell fates. But still their specific functions are not well understood. To study FABP1's functions, we generated an FABP1 knockdown model in Caco-2 cell line by stable antisense cDNA transfection (FABP1as). In these cells FABP1 expression was reduced up to 87%. No compensatory increase in FABP2 was observed, strengthening the idea of differential functions of both isoforms. In differentiated FABP1as cells, apical administration of oleate showed a decrease in its initial uptake rate and in long term incorporation compared with control cells. FABP1 depletion also reduced basolateral oleate secretion. The secreted oleate distribution showed an increase in FA/triacylglyceride ratio compared to control cells, probably due to FABP1's role in chylomicron assembly. Interestingly, FABP1as cells exhibited a dramatic decrease in proliferation rate. A reduction in oleate uptake as well as a decrease in its incorporation into the phospholipid fraction was observed in proliferating cells. Overall, our studies indicate that FABP1 is essential for proper lipid metabolism in differentiated enterocytes, particularly concerning fatty acids uptake and its basolateral secretion. Moreover, we show that FABP1 is required for enterocyte proliferation, suggesting that it may contribute to intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Rodriguez Sawicki
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia María Bottasso Arias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Scaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lisandro Jorge Falomir Lockhart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gisela Raquel Franchini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Betina Córsico
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Onishi JC, Campbell S, Moreau M, Patel F, Brooks AI, Zhou YX, Häggblom MM, Storch J. Bacterial communities in the small intestine respond differently to those in the caecum and colon in mice fed low- and high-fat diets. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:1189-1197. [PMID: 28742010 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial communities in the mouse caecum and faeces are known to be altered by changes in dietary fat. The microbiota of the mouse small intestine, by contrast, has not been extensively profiled and it is unclear whether small intestinal bacterial communities shift with dietary fat levels. We compared the microbiota in the small intestine, caecum and colon in mice fed a low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) diet using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The relative abundance of major phyla in the small intestine, Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, was similar to that in the caecum and colon; the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia was significantly reduced in the small intestine compared to the large intestine. Several genera were uniquely detected in the small intestine and included the aerotolerant anaerobe, Lactobacillus spp. The most abundant genera in the small intestine were accounted for by anaerobic bacteria and were identical to those identified in the large intestine. An HF diet was associated with significant weight gain and adiposity and with changes in the bacterial communities throughout the intestine, with changes in the small intestine differing from those in the caecum and colon. Prominent Gram-negative bacteria including genera of the phylum Bacteroidetes and a genus of Proteobacteria significantly changed in the large intestine. The mechanistic links between these changes and the development of obesity, perhaps involving metabolic endotoxemia, remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C Onishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sara Campbell
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yin Xiu Zhou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Max M Häggblom
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Mukai T, Egawa M, Takeuchi T, Yamashita H, Kusudo T. Silencing of FABP1 ameliorates hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1009-1016. [PMID: 28680813 PMCID: PMC5494302 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in prevalence worldwide and has been identified as a risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is no effective pharmacologic treatment for NAFLD. FABP1 is a liver‐specific fatty acid‐binding protein (FABP) that plays important roles in intracellular lipid metabolism in the liver. We investigated the effect of repression of FABP1 expression on NAFLD, using adenovirus‐mediated silencing of FABP1. FABP1 knockdown in the liver decreased the liver weight and hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation. The expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the liver was also reduced. The level of thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances, a marker of lipid peroxidation, in the liver of FABP1 knockdown mice was significantly decreased. These results suggest that FABP1 reduction in the liver is an effective approach against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Mukai
- Faculty of Human Sciences Tezukayama Gakuin University Sakai Japan
| | - Miki Egawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu University Kasugai Japan
| | - Tamaki Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu University Kasugai Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yamashita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu University Kasugai Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kusudo
- Faculty of Human Sciences Tezukayama Gakuin University Sakai Japan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu University Kasugai Japan
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29
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Martin GG, Landrock D, Chung S, Dangott LJ, Seeger DR, Murphy EJ, Golovko MY, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Fabp1 gene ablation inhibits high-fat diet-induced increase in brain endocannabinoids. J Neurochem 2017; 140:294-306. [PMID: 27861894 PMCID: PMC5225076 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system shifts energy balance toward storage and fat accumulation, especially in the context of diet-induced obesity. Relatively little is known about factors outside the central nervous system that may mediate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on brain endocannabinoid levels. One candidate is the liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP1), a cytosolic protein highly prevalent in liver, but not detected in brain, which facilitates hepatic clearance of fatty acids. The impact of Fabp1 gene ablation (LKO) on the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on brain and plasma endocannabinoid levels was examined and data expressed for each parameter as the ratio of high-fat diet/control diet. In male wild-type mice, HFD markedly increased brain N-acylethanolamides, but not 2-monoacylglycerols. LKO blocked these effects of HFD in male mice. In female wild-type mice, HFD slightly decreased or did not alter these endocannabinoids as compared with male wild type. LKO did not block the HFD effects in female mice. The HFD-induced increase in brain arachidonic acid-derived arachidonoylethanolamide in males correlated with increased brain-free and total arachidonic acid. The ability of LKO to block the HFD-induced increase in brain arachidonoylethanolamide correlated with reduced ability of HFD to increase brain-free and total arachidonic acid in males. In females, brain-free and total arachidonic acid levels were much less affected by either HFD or LKO in the context of HFD. These data showed that LKO markedly diminished the impact of HFD on brain endocannabinoid levels, especially in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G. Martin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
| | - Danilo Landrock
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467
| | - Sarah Chung
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467
| | - Lawrence J. Dangott
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2128
| | - Drew R. Seeger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Eric J. Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Mikhail Y. Golovko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Ann B. Kier
- Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4467
| | - Friedhelm Schroeder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466
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Newberry EP, Kennedy S, Xie Y, Luo J, Jiang H, Ory DS, Davidson NO. Phenotypic divergence in two lines of L-Fabp-/- mice reflects substrain differences and environmental modifiers. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 309:G648-61. [PMID: 26251469 PMCID: PMC4609928 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00170.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic divergence in diet-induced obesity (DIO) and hepatic steatosis has been reported in two independently generated lines of L-Fabp(-/-) mice [New Jersey (NJ) L-Fabp(-/-) vs. Washington University (WU) L-Fabp(-/-) mice]. We performed side-by-side studies to examine differences between the lines and investigate the role of genetic background, intestinal microbiota, sex, and diet in the divergent phenotypes. Fasting-induced steatosis was attenuated in both L-Fabp(-/-) lines compared with C57BL/6J controls, with restoration of hepatic triglyceride levels following adenoviral L-Fabp rescue. Both lines were protected against DIO after high-saturated-fat diet feeding. Hepatic steatosis was attenuated in WU but not NJ L-Fabp(-/-) mice, although this difference between the lines disappeared upon antibiotic treatment and cohousing. In contrast, there was phenotypic divergence in L-Fabp(-/-) mice fed a high cocoa butter fat diet, with WU L-Fabp(-/-) mice, but not NJ L-Fabp(-/-) mice, showing protection against both DIO and hepatic steatosis, with some sex-dependent (female > male) differences. Dense mapping revealed no evidence of unintended targeting, duplications, or deletions surrounding the Fabp1 locus in either line and only minor differences in mRNA expression of genes located near the targeted allele. However, a C57BL/6 substrain screen showed that the NJ L-Fabp(-/-) line contains ∼40% C57BL/6N genomic DNA, despite reports that these mice were backcrossed six generations. Overall, these findings suggest that some of the phenotypic divergence between the two L-Fabp(-/-) lines may reflect unanticipated differences in genetic background, underscoring the importance of genetic background in phenotypic characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Newberry
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jianyang Luo
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel S. Ory
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nicholas O. Davidson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Wang G, Bonkovsky HL, de Lemos A, Burczynski FJ. Recent insights into the biological functions of liver fatty acid binding protein 1. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2238-47. [PMID: 26443794 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r056705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Over four decades have passed since liver fatty acid binding protein (FABP)1 was first isolated. There are few protein families for which most of the complete tertiary structures, binding properties, and tissue occurrences are described in such detail and yet new functions are being uncovered for this protein. FABP1 is known to be critical for fatty acid uptake and intracellular transport and also has an important role in regulating lipid metabolism and cellular signaling pathways. FABP1 is an important endogenous cytoprotectant, minimizing hepatocyte oxidative damage and interfering with ischemia-reperfusion and other hepatic injuries. The protein may be targeted for metabolic activation through the cross-talk among many transcriptional factors and their activating ligands. Deficiency or malfunction of FABP1 has been reported in several diseases. FABP1 also influences cell proliferation during liver regeneration and may be considered as a prognostic factor for hepatic surgery. FABP1 binds and modulates the action of many molecules such as fatty acids, heme, and other metalloporphyrins. The ability to bind heme is another cytoprotective property and one that deserves closer investigation. The role of FABP1 in substrate availability and in protection from oxidative stress suggests that FABP1 plays a pivotal role during intracellular bacterial/viral infections by reducing inflammation and the adverse effects of starvation (energy deficiency).
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Affiliation(s)
- GuQi Wang
- Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC
| | - Herbert L Bonkovsky
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Andrew de Lemos
- Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC
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Expression Pattern of Fatty Acid Binding Proteins in Celiac Disease Enteropathy. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:738563. [PMID: 26346822 PMCID: PMC4540995 DOI: 10.1155/2015/738563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy that develops in genetically susceptible individuals following exposure to dietary gluten. Severe changes at the intestinal mucosa observed in untreated CD patients are linked to changes in the level and in the pattern of expression of different genes. Fully differentiated epithelial cells express two isoforms of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs): intestinal and liver, IFABP and LFABP, respectively. These proteins bind and transport long chain fatty acids and also have other important biological roles in signaling pathways, particularly those related to PPARγ and inflammatory processes. Herein, we analyze the serum levels of IFABP and characterize the expression of both FABPs at protein and mRNA level in small intestinal mucosa in severe enteropathy and normal tissue. As a result, we observed higher levels of circulating IFABP in untreated CD patients compared with controls and patients on gluten-free diet. In duodenal mucosa a differential FABPs expression pattern was observed with a reduction in mRNA levels compared to controls explained by the epithelium loss in severe enteropathy. In conclusion, we report changes in FABPs' expression pattern in severe enteropathy. Consequently, there might be alterations in lipid metabolism and the inflammatory process in the small intestinal mucosa.
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Tian Y, Li H, Wang S, Yan J, Chen Z, Li Z, Feng H, Zhou H, Ouyang D. Association of L-FABP T94A and MTP I128T polymorphisms with hyperlipidemia in Chinese subjects. Lipids 2015; 50:275-82. [PMID: 25663234 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-015-3990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between the L-FABP T94A and MTP I128T polymorphisms and hyperlipidemia in Chinese subjects. We recruited 390 volunteers: 201 hyperlipidemic and 189 healthy volunteers. The L-FABP T94A and MTP I128T polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Anthropometry, lipid profile, and liver function of the subjects were determined. We observed that male carriers of the L-FABP A94 allele had significantly higher body weight (P = 0.012), higher body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.014), and higher plasma triacylglycerol levels (TAG) (P = 0.033) and lower ratios of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.008) than T94 homozygotes. The MTP T128 allele was associated with significantly lower serum TC (P < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P < 0.001) levels in males. There was a direct correlation between the MTP T128 allele and a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia after adjusting for body mass index (OR = 0.327, 95 % CI: 0.178-0.600, P < 0.001). In conclusion, both the MTP I128T and the L-FABP T94A polymorphisms can affect serum lipid levels in the Chinese population. The MTP T128 allele offers protection against hyperlipidemia in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Tian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Xiangya Hospital and Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
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34
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Gajda AM, Storch J. Enterocyte fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs): different functions of liver and intestinal FABPs in the intestine. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 93:9-16. [PMID: 25458898 PMCID: PMC4323920 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP) are highly abundant cytosolic proteins that are expressed in most mammalian tissues. In the intestinal enterocyte, both liver- (LFABP; FABP1) and intestinal FABPs (IFABP; FABP2) are expressed. These proteins display high-affinity binding for long-chain fatty acids (FA) and other hydrophobic ligands; thus, they are believed to be involved with uptake and trafficking of lipids in the intestine. In vitro studies have identified differences in ligand-binding stoichiometry and specificity, and in mechanisms of FA transfer to membranes, and it has been hypothesized that LFABP and IFABP have different functions in the enterocyte. Studies directly comparing LFABP- and IFABP-null mice have revealed markedly different phenotypes, indicating that these proteins indeed have different functions in intestinal lipid metabolism and whole body energy homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the evolving knowledge of the functions of LFABP and IFABP in the intestinal enterocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Gajda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Sawicki LR, Guerbi MX, Falomir Lockhart LJ, Curto LM, Delfino JM, Córsico B, Franchini GR. Characterization of fatty acid binding and transfer from Δ98Δ, a functional all-β abridged form of IFABP. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1733-40. [PMID: 25311169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) is an intracellular lipid binding protein whose specific functions within the cell are still uncertain. An abbreviated version of IFABP encompassing residues 29-126, dubbed Δ98Δ is a stable product of limited proteolysis with clostripain of holo-IFABP. Cumulative evidence shows that Δ98Δ adopts a stable, monomeric and functional fold, with compact core and loose periphery. In agreement with previous results, this abridged variant indicates that the helical domain is-not necessary to preserve the general topology of IFABP's β-barrel and that the helix-turn-helix motif is a fundamental element of the portal region involved in ligand binding and protein-membrane interactions. Results presented here suggest that Δ98Δ binds fatty acids with affinities lower than IFABP but higher than those shown by previous helix-less variants, shows a 'diffusional' fatty acid transfer mechanism and it interacts with artificial membranes. This work highlights the importance of the β-barrel of IFABP for its specific functions.
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Yen CLE, Nelson DW, Yen MI. Intestinal triacylglycerol synthesis in fat absorption and systemic energy metabolism. J Lipid Res 2014; 56:489-501. [PMID: 25231105 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r052902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestine plays a prominent role in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (triglyceride; TAG). Digested dietary TAG is repackaged in the intestine to form the hydrophobic core of chylomicrons, which deliver metabolic fuels, essential fatty acids, and other lipid-soluble nutrients to the peripheral tissues. By controlling the flux of dietary fat into the circulation, intestinal TAG synthesis can greatly impact systemic metabolism. Genes encoding many of the enzymes involved in TAG synthesis have been identified. Among TAG synthesis enzymes, acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 and acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)1 are highly expressed in the intestine. Their physiological functions have been examined in the context of whole organisms using genetically engineered mice and, in the case of DGAT1, specific inhibitors. An emerging theme from recent findings is that limiting the rate of TAG synthesis in the intestine can modulate gut hormone secretion, lipid metabolism, and systemic energy balance. The underlying mechanisms and their implications for humans are yet to be explored. Pharmacological inhibition of TAG hydrolysis in the intestinal lumen has been employed to combat obesity and associated disorders with modest efficacy and unwanted side effects. The therapeutic potential of inhibiting specific enzymes involved in intestinal TAG synthesis warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Liang Eric Yen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.
| | - David W Nelson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Mei-I Yen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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McIntosh AL, Huang H, Storey SM, Landrock KK, Landrock D, Petrescu AD, Gupta S, Atshaves BP, Kier AB, Schroeder F. Human FABP1 T94A variant impacts fatty acid metabolism and PPAR-α activation in cultured human female hepatocytes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G164-76. [PMID: 24875102 PMCID: PMC4101680 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00369.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although human liver fatty acid-binding protein (FABP1) T94A variant has been associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and reduced ability of fenofibrate to lower serum triglycerides (TG) to target levels, molecular events leading to this phenotype are poorly understood. Cultured primary hepatocytes from female human subjects expressing the FABP1 T94A variant exhibited increased neutral lipid (TG, cholesteryl ester) accumulation associated with (1) upregulation of total FABP1, a key protein stimulating mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM), the rate-limiting enzyme in lipogenesis; (2) increased mRNA expression of key enzymes in lipogenesis (GPAM, LPIN2) in heterozygotes; (3) decreased mRNA expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; (4) increased secretion of ApoB100 but not TG; (5) decreased long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) β-oxidation. TG accumulation was not due to any increase in LCFA uptake, de novo lipogenesis, or the alternate monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase pathway in lipogenesis. Despite increased expression of total FABP1 mRNA and protein, fenofibrate-mediated FABP1 redistribution to nuclei and ligand-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) transcription of LCFA β-oxidative enzymes (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2, and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1, palmitoyl) were attenuated in FABP1 T94A hepatocytes. Although the phenotype of FABP1 T94A variant human hepatocytes exhibits some similarities to that of FABP1-null or PPAR-α-null hepatocytes and mice, expression of FABP1 T94A variant did not abolish or reduce ligand binding. Thus the FABP1 T94A variant represents an altered/reduced function mutation resulting in TG accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huan Huang
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, and
| | | | | | - Danilo Landrock
- Pathobiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Shipra Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Barbara P Atshaves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Ann B Kier
- Pathobiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas
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Abstract
Long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme As (CoAs) are critical regulatory molecules and metabolic intermediates. The initial step in their synthesis is the activation of fatty acids by one of 13 long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase isoforms. These isoforms are regulated independently and have different tissue expression patterns and subcellular locations. Their acyl-CoA products regulate metabolic enzymes and signaling pathways, become oxidized to provide cellular energy, and are incorporated into acylated proteins and complex lipids such as triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters. Their differing metabolic fates are determined by a network of proteins that channel the acyl-CoAs toward or away from specific metabolic pathways and serve as the basis for partitioning. This review evaluates the evidence for acyl-CoA partitioning by reviewing experimental data on proteins that are believed to contribute to acyl-CoA channeling, the metabolic consequences of loss of these proteins, and the potential role of maladaptive acyl-CoA partitioning in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease and carcinogenesis.
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Thumser AE, Moore JB, Plant NJ. Fatty acid binding proteins: tissue-specific functions in health and disease. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2014; 17:124-9. [PMID: 24500438 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this study is to review recent evidence for the role of the cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) as central regulators of whole-body metabolic control. RECENT FINDINGS Dysregulated FABPs have been associated with a number of diseases, including obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (FABP1, FABP2, FABP4), cardiovascular risk (FABP3) and cancer (FABP5, FABP7). As underlying mechanisms become better understood, FABPs may represent novel biomarkers for therapeutic targets. In addition, the role of FABPs as important signalling molecules has also been highlighted in recent years; for example, FABP3 may act as a myokine, matching whole-body metabolism to muscular energy demands and FABP4 functions as an adipokine in regulating macrophage and adipocyte interactions during inflammation. SUMMARY In addition to their traditional role as fatty acid trafficking proteins, increasing evidence supports the role of FABPs as important controllers of global metabolism, with their dysregulation being linked to a host of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred E Thumser
- aDepartment of Biochemistry and Physiology bDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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