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Sharrow AC, Megill E, Chen AJ, Farooqi A, Tangudu NK, Uboveja A, McGonigal S, Hempel N, Snyder NW, Buckanovich RJ, Aird KM. Acetate drives ovarian cancer quiescence via ACSS2-mediated acetyl-CoA production. Mol Metab 2024; 89:102031. [PMID: 39304063 PMCID: PMC11462069 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Quiescence is a reversible cell cycle exit traditionally thought to be associated with a metabolically inactive state. Recent work in muscle cells indicates that metabolic reprogramming is associated with quiescence. Whether metabolic changes occur in cancer to drive quiescence is unclear. Using a multi-omics approach, we found that the metabolic enzyme ACSS2, which converts acetate into acetyl-CoA, is both highly upregulated in quiescent ovarian cancer cells and required for their survival. Indeed, quiescent ovarian cancer cells have increased levels of acetate-derived acetyl-CoA, confirming increased ACSS2 activity in these cells. Furthermore, either inducing ACSS2 expression or supplementing cells with acetate was sufficient to induce a reversible quiescent cell cycle exit. RNA-Seq of acetate treated cells confirmed negative enrichment in multiple cell cycle pathways as well as enrichment of genes in a published G0 gene signature. Finally, analysis of patient data showed that ACSS2 expression is upregulated in tumor cells from ascites, which are thought to be more quiescent, compared to matched primary tumors. Additionally, high ACSS2 expression is associated with platinum resistance and worse outcomes. Together, this study points to a previously unrecognized ACSS2-mediated metabolic reprogramming that drives quiescence in ovarian cancer. As chemotherapies to treat ovarian cancer, such as platinum, have increased efficacy in highly proliferative cells, our data give rise to the intriguing question that metabolically-driven quiescence may affect therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C Sharrow
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily Megill
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda J Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Afifa Farooqi
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Naveen Kumar Tangudu
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Apoorva Uboveja
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Nadine Hempel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J Buckanovich
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Katherine M Aird
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Sharrow AC, Megill E, Chen AJ, Farooqi A, McGonigal S, Hempel N, Snyder NW, Buckanovich RJ, Aird KM. Acetate drives ovarian cancer quiescence via ACSS2-mediated acetyl-CoA production. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.12.603313. [PMID: 39026889 PMCID: PMC11257583 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.12.603313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence is a reversible cell cycle exit traditionally thought to be associated with a metabolically inactive state. Recent work in muscle cells indicates that metabolic reprogramming is associated with quiescence. Whether metabolic changes occur in cancer to drive quiescence is unclear. Using a multi-omics approach, we found that the metabolic enzyme ACSS2, which converts acetate into acetyl-CoA, is both highly upregulated in quiescent ovarian cancer cells and required for their survival. Indeed, quiescent ovarian cancer cells have increased levels of acetate-derived acetyl-CoA, confirming increased ACSS2 activity in these cells. Furthermore, either inducing ACSS2 expression or supplementing cells with acetate was sufficient to induce a reversible quiescent cell cycle exit. RNA-Seq of acetate treated cells confirmed negative enrichment in multiple cell cycle pathways as well as enrichment of genes in a published G0 gene signature. Finally, analysis of patient data showed that ACSS2 expression is upregulated in tumor cells from ascites, which are thought to be more quiescent, compared to matched primary tumors. Additionally, high ACSS2 expression is associated with platinum resistance and worse outcomes. Together, this study points to a previously unrecognized ACSS2-mediated metabolic reprogramming that drives quiescence in ovarian cancer. As chemotherapies to treat ovarian cancer, such as platinum, have increased efficacy in highly proliferative cells, our data give rise to the intriguing question that metabolically-driven quiescence may affect therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C. Sharrow
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Emily Megill
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amanda J. Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Afifa Farooqi
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Nadine Hempel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ronald J. Buckanovich
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Katherine M. Aird
- Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Zhang B, Zhu Q, Qu D, Zhao M, Du J, Zhang H, Wang H, Jiang L, Yi X, Guo S, Wang H, Yang Y, Guo W. ACSS2 enables melanoma cell survival and tumor metastasis by negatively regulating the Hippo pathway. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1423795. [PMID: 38887280 PMCID: PMC11180738 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1423795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), one of the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA, has been proved to be an oncogene in various cancers. However, the function of ACSS2 is still largely a black box in melanoma. Methods The ACSS2 expression was detected in melanoma cells and melanocytes at both protein and mRNA levels. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were investigated after ACSS2 knockdown. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology was employed to identify differentially expressed genes caused by ACSS2 knockdown, which were then verified by immunoblotting analysis. Animal experiments were further performed to investigate the influence of ACSS2 on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Results Firstly, we found that ACSS2 was upregulated in most melanoma cell lines compared with melanocytes. In addition, ACSS2 knockdown dramatically suppressed melanoma cell migration and invasion, whereas promoted cell apoptosis in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Furthermore, tumor growth and metastasis were dramatically suppressed by ACSS2 knockdown in vivo. RNA-Seq suggested that the Hippo pathway was activated by ACSS2 knockdown, which was forwardly confirmed by Western blotting and rescue experiments. Taken together, we demonstrated that ACSS2 enables melanoma cell survival and tumor metastasis via the regulation of the Hippo pathway. Discussion In summary, this study demonstrated that ACSS2 may promote the growth and metastasis of melanoma by negatively regulating the Hippo pathway. Targeting ACSS2 may be a promising target for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Pérez-Fernández BA, Calzadilla L, Enrico Bena C, Del Giudice M, Bosia C, Boggiano T, Mulet R. Sodium acetate increases the productivity of HEK293 cells expressing the ECD-Her1 protein in batch cultures: experimental results and metabolic flux analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1335898. [PMID: 38659646 PMCID: PMC11039900 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1335898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK293) are a popular host for recombinant protein expression and production in the biotechnological industry. This has driven within both, the scientific and the engineering communities, the search for strategies to increase their protein productivity. The present work is inserted into this search exploring the impact of adding sodium acetate (NaAc) into a batch culture of HEK293 cells. We monitored, as a function of time, the cell density, many external metabolites, and the supernatant concentration of the heterologous extra-cellular domain ECD-Her1 protein, a protein used to produce a candidate prostate cancer vaccine. We observed that by adding different concentrations of NaAc (0, 4, 6 and 8 mM), the production of ECD-Her1 protein increases consistently with increasing concentration, whereas the carrying capacity of the medium decreases. To understand these results we exploited a combination of experimental and computational techniques. Metabolic Flux Analysis (MFA) was used to infer intracellular metabolic fluxes from the concentration of external metabolites. Moreover, we measured independently the extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate of the cells. Both approaches support the idea that the addition of NaAc to the culture has a significant impact on the metabolism of the HEK293 cells and that, if properly tuned, enhances the productivity of the heterologous ECD-Her1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Ariane Pérez-Fernández
- Group of Complex Systems and Statistical Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Carla Bosia
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Mulet
- Group of Complex Systems and Statistical Physics, Department of Theoretical Physics, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
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Lu J, Hou Y, Liu SX, Jin B, Liu J, Li N, Zhu Y, Zhang QY, Wan C, Feng Y, Xie J, Jiang CM. Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 induces pyroptosis and inflammation of renal epithelial tubular cells in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by upregulating the KLF5/NF-κB pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:187. [PMID: 38515158 PMCID: PMC10958832 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyroptosis of the renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and interstitial inflammation are central pathological characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI). Pyroptosis acts as a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death and is mainly dependent on activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Previous studies revealed that acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) promotes inflammation during metabolic stress suggesting that ACSS2 might regulate pyroptosis and inflammatory responses of RTECs in AKI. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of ACSS2 was found to be significantly increased in the renal epithelial cells of mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI. Pharmacological and genetic strategies demonstrated that ACSS2 regulated NLRP3-mediated caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis through the stimulation of the KLF5/NF-κB pathway in RTECs. The deletion of ACSS2 attenuated renal tubular pathological injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in an LPS-induced mouse model, and ACSS2-deficient mice displayed impaired NLRP3 activation-mediated pyroptosis and decreased IL-1β production in response to the LPS challenge. In HK-2 cells, ACSS2 deficiency suppressed NLRP3-mediated caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis through the downregulation of the KLF5/NF-κB pathway. The KLF5 inhibitor ML264 suppressed NF-κB activity and NLRP3-mediated caspase-1 activation, thus protecting HK-2 cells from LPS-induced pyroptosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that ACSS2 regulates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis by inducing the KLF5/NF-κB pathway in RTECs. These results identified ACSS2 as a potential therapeutic target in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Si-Xiu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qing-Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Chun-Ming Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Cui H, Hu D, Liu Y, Zhao J. Identifying Acss1, Mtfp1 and Oxct1 as key regulators and promising biomarkers of sarcopenia in various models. Gene 2024; 896:148053. [PMID: 38042218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in muscular homeostasis, but the molecular mechanism underlying mitochondrial dynamics and sarcopenia awaits to be uncovered. We all know that malnutrition, cachexia, and type 2 diabetes are significant contributors to the development of sarcopenia.Therefore, we analyzed a bioinformatic analysis on cathectic differentially expressed genes (cDEGs), fasted differentially genes (fDEGs) and mitochondria-related genes. The overlapping genes identified were then validated by RT-qPCR and Western blotting experiments in various sarcopenia mice models and used to predict aging-related muscle loss in humans. First, the correlation analysis and PPI network indicated 6 overlapping candidates (Bdh1, Gdap1, Acss1, Mtfp1, Idh2, Oxct1) may constitute a regulatory effect in mitochondrial dynamics and muscle wasting. Next, we successfully established fasted, Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) induced sarcopenia mice models and verified that Acss1, Mtfp1 and Oxct1 shared common and significant variation tendency in these sarcopenia mice models. Further-more, Pearson correlation analysis showed that Acss1 was negatively related to the weight of gastrocnemius while Mtfp1 and Oxct1 displayed a significantly positive correlation with gastrocnemius weight in sarcopenic mice model induced by LLC, fasting and DM. What's more, ROC analysis based on human aging-related datasets indicated Acss1, Mtfp1, Oxct1 had outstanding diagnostic capabilities for sarcopenia. In general, we identified three hub genes (Acss1, Mtfp1 and Oxct1) that are strongly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia and may provide novel and reliable indicators for screening, diagnosis, and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets for patients with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Die Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Jiejie Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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Lu J, Li XQ, Chen PP, Zhang JX, Li L, Wang GH, Liu XQ, Jiang CM, Ma KL. Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 promotes diabetic renal tubular injury in mice by rewiring fatty acid metabolism through SIRT1/ChREBP pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:366-377. [PMID: 37770579 PMCID: PMC10789804 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by chronic low-grade renal inflammatory responses, which greatly contribute to disease progression. Abnormal glucose metabolism disrupts renal lipid metabolism, leading to lipid accumulation, nephrotoxicity, and subsequent aseptic renal interstitial inflammation. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the renal inflammation in diabetes, driven by glucose-lipid metabolic rearrangement with a focus on the role of acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) in lipid accumulation and renal tubular injury. Diabetic models were established in mice by the injection of streptozotocin and in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells cultured under a high glucose (HG, 30 mmol/L) condition. We showed that the expression levels of ACSS2 were significantly increased in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) from the diabetic mice and human diabetic kidney biopsy samples, and ACSS2 was co-localized with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in RTECs. Diabetic ACSS2-deficient mice exhibited reduced renal tubular injury and inflammatory responses. Similarly, ACSS2 knockdown or inhibition of ACSS2 by ACSS2i (10 µmol/L) in HK-2 cells significantly ameliorated HG-induced inflammation, mitochondrial stress, and fatty acid synthesis. Molecular docking revealed that ACSS2 interacted with Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). In HG-treated HK-2 cells, we demonstrated that ACSS2 suppressed SIRT1 expression and activated fatty acid synthesis by modulating SIRT1-carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) activity, leading to mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation. We conclude that ACSS2 promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress and renal tubular inflammation in DN by regulating the SIRT1-ChREBP pathway. This highlights the potential therapeutic value of pharmacological inhibition of ACSS2 for alleviating renal inflammation and dysregulation of fatty acid metabolic homeostasis in DN. Metabolic inflammation in the renal region, driven by lipid metabolism disorder, is a key factor in renal injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is abundantly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and highly upregulated in diabetic kidneys. Deleting ACSS2 reduces renal fatty acid accumulation and markers of renal tubular injury in diabetic mice. We demonstrate that ACSS2 deletion inhibits ChREBP-mediated fatty acid lipogenesis, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in RTECs, which play a major role in the progression of diabetic renal tubular injury in the kidney. These findings support the potential use of ACSS2 inhibitors in treating patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xue-Qi Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pei-Pei Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia-Xiu Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Gui-Hua Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chun-Ming Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Kun-Ling Ma
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Chen G, Bao B, Cheng Y, Tian M, Song J, Zheng L, Tong Q. Acetyl-CoA metabolism as a therapeutic target for cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115741. [PMID: 37864899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), an essential metabolite, not only takes part in numerous intracellular metabolic processes, powers the tricarboxylic acid cycle, serves as a key hub for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and isoprenoids, but also serves as a signaling substrate for acetylation reactions in post-translational modification of proteins, which is crucial for the epigenetic inheritance of cells. Acetyl-CoA links lipid metabolism with histone acetylation to create a more intricate regulatory system that affects the growth, aggressiveness, and drug resistance of malignancies such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. These fascinating advances in the knowledge of acetyl-CoA metabolism during carcinogenesis and normal physiology have raised interest regarding its modulation in malignancies. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulation and cancer relevance of main metabolic pathways in which acetyl-CoA participates. We also summarize the role of acetyl-CoA in the metabolic reprogramming and stress regulation of cancer cells, as well as medical application of inhibitors targeting its dysregulation in therapeutic intervention of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Banghe Bao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Minxiu Tian
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jiyu Song
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.
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9
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Yousf S, Malla JA, Sardesai DM, Sharma S, Talukdar P, Chugh J. Mapping metabolic perturbations induced by glutathione activatable synthetic ion channels in human breast cancer cells. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115605. [PMID: 37531734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels and transporters play key roles in various biological processes, including cell proliferation and programmed cell death. Recently, we reported that 2,4-dinitrobenzene-sulfonyl-protected N1,N3-dihexy-2-hydroxyisophthalamide (1) forms ion channels upon activation by glutathione (GSH) and results in the induction of apoptosis by depleting the intracellular GSH reservoir in cancer cells. However, the detailed molecular events leading to the induction of apoptosis by these synthetic transport systems in cancer cells still need to be uncovered. Along these lines, we investigated the alterations in cellular metabolites and the associated metabolic pathways by performing untargeted global metabolic profiling of breast cancer cells - MCF-7 - using 1H NMR-based metabolomics. The evaluation of spectral profiles from MCF-7 cells exposed to 1 and their comparison with those corresponding to untreated (control) cells identified 14 significantly perturbed signature metabolites. These metabolites belonged mostly to antioxidant defence, energy metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism pathways and included GSH, o-phosphocholine, malate, and aspartate, to name a few. These results would help us gain deeper insights into the molecular mechanism underlying 1-mediated cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells and eventually help identify potential novel therapeutic targets for more effective cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Yousf
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Javid A Malla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Devika M Sardesai
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shilpy Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU), Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Jeetender Chugh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
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10
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Lu J, Li XQ, Chen PP, Zhang JX, Liu L, Wang GH, Liu XQ, Jiang TT, Wang MY, Liu WT, Ruan XZ, Ma KL. Activation of acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 mediates kidney injury in diabetic nephropathy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e165817. [PMID: 37870960 PMCID: PMC10619493 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Albuminuria and podocyte injury are the key cellular events in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a nucleocytosolic enzyme responsible for the regulation of metabolic homeostasis in mammalian cells. This study aimed to investigate the possible roles of ACSS2 in kidney injury in DN. We constructed an ACSS2-deleted mouse model to investigate the role of ACSS2 in podocyte dysfunction and kidney injury in diabetic mouse models. In vitro, podocytes were chosen and transfected with ACSS2 siRNA and ACSS2 inhibitor and treated with high glucose. We found that ACSS2 expression was significantly elevated in the podocytes of patients with DN and diabetic mice. ACSS2 upregulation promoted phenotype transformation and inflammatory cytokine expression while inhibiting podocytes' autophagy. Conversely, ACSS2 inhibition improved autophagy and alleviated podocyte injury. Furthermore, ACSS2 epigenetically activated raptor expression by histone H3K9 acetylation, promoting activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic depletion of ACSS2 in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model greatly ameliorated kidney injury and podocyte dysfunction. To conclude, ACSS2 activation promoted podocyte injury in DN by raptor/mTORC1-mediated autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Qi Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Pei Chen
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Xiu Zhang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Gui Hua Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Qi Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Ting Jiang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Ying Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Tao Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiong Zhong Ruan
- John Moorhead Research Laboratory, Department of Renal Medicine, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kun Ling Ma
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Miller KD, O'Connor S, Pniewski KA, Kannan T, Acosta R, Mirji G, Papp S, Hulse M, Mukha D, Hlavaty SI, Salcido KN, Bertolazzi F, Srikanth YVV, Zhao S, Wellen KE, Shinde RS, Claiborne DT, Kossenkov A, Salvino JM, Schug ZT. Acetate acts as a metabolic immunomodulator by bolstering T-cell effector function and potentiating antitumor immunity in breast cancer. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:1491-1507. [PMID: 37723305 PMCID: PMC10615731 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Acetate metabolism is an important metabolic pathway in many cancers and is controlled by acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetate to acetyl-CoA. While the metabolic role of ACSS2 in cancer is well described, the consequences of blocking tumor acetate metabolism on the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity are unknown. We demonstrate that blocking ACSS2, switches cancer cells from acetate consumers to producers of acetate thereby freeing acetate for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to use as a fuel source. We show that acetate supplementation metabolically bolsters T-cell effector functions and proliferation. Targeting ACSS2 with CRISPR-Cas9 guides or a small-molecule inhibitor promotes an antitumor immune response and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in preclinical breast cancer models. We propose a paradigm for targeting acetate metabolism in cancer in which inhibition of ACSS2 dually acts to impair tumor cell metabolism and potentiate antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn D Miller
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seamus O'Connor
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine A Pniewski
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Toshitha Kannan
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Reyes Acosta
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gauri Mirji
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara Papp
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Hulse
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dzmitry Mukha
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sabina I Hlavaty
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelsey N Salcido
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabrizio Bertolazzi
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yellamelli V V Srikanth
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven Zhao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn E Wellen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rahul S Shinde
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel T Claiborne
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Kossenkov
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M Salvino
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zachary T Schug
- The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Li Y, Chang P, Sankaran S, Jang H, Nie Y, Zeng A, Hussain S, Wu JY, Chen X, Shi L. Bioorthogonal Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging Uncovers Lipid Metabolic Dynamics in Drosophila Brain During Aging. GEN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 2:247-261. [PMID: 37363411 PMCID: PMC10286263 DOI: 10.1089/genbio.2023.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that brain lipid metabolism is associated with biological aging and influenced by dietary and genetic manipulations; however, the underlying mechanisms are elusive. High-resolution imaging techniques propose a novel and potent approach to understanding lipid metabolic dynamics in situ. Applying deuterium water (D2O) probing with stimulated Raman scattering (DO-SRS) microscopy, we revealed that lipid metabolic activity in Drosophila brain decreased with aging in a sex-dependent manner. Female flies showed an earlier occurrence of lipid turnover decrease than males. Dietary restriction (DR) and downregulation of insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway, two scenarios for lifespan extension, led to significant enhancements of brain lipid turnover in old flies. Combining SRS imaging with deuterated bioorthogonal probes (deuterated glucose and deuterated acetate), we discovered that, under DR treatment and downregulation of IIS pathway, brain metabolism shifted to use acetate as a major carbon source for lipid synthesis. For the first time, our study directly visualizes and quantifies spatiotemporal alterations of lipid turnover in Drosophila brain at the single organelle (lipid droplet) level. Our study not only demonstrates a new approach for studying brain lipid metabolic activity in situ but also illuminates the interconnection of aging, dietary, and genetic manipulations on brain lipid metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Phyllis Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shriya Sankaran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yuhang Nie
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Audrey Zeng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sahran Hussain
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jane Y. Wu
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lingyan Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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13
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Akbari B, Hosseini Z, Shahabinejad P, Ghassemi S, Mirzaei HR, O'Connor RS. Metabolic and epigenetic orchestration of (CAR) T cell fate and function. Cancer Lett 2022; 550:215948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Yin X, Xu R, Song J, Ruze R, Chen Y, Wang C, Xu Q. Lipid metabolism in pancreatic cancer: emerging roles and potential targets. CANCER COMMUNICATIONS (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 42:1234-1256. [PMID: 36107801 PMCID: PMC9759769 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most serious health issues in developed and developing countries, with a 5-year overall survival rate currently <9%. Patients typically present with advanced disease due to vague symptoms or lack of screening for early cancer detection. Surgical resection represents the only chance for cure, but treatment options are limited for advanced diseases, such as distant metastatic or locally progressive tumors. Although adjuvant chemotherapy has improved long-term outcomes in advanced cancer patients, its response rate is low. So, exploring other new treatments is urgent. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that lipid metabolism can support tumorigenesis and disease progression as well as treatment resistance through enhanced lipid synthesis, storage, and catabolism. Therefore, a better understanding of lipid metabolism networks may provide novel and promising strategies for early diagnosis, prognosis estimation, and targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer patients. In this review, we first enumerate and discuss current knowledge about the advances made in understanding the regulation of lipid metabolism in pancreatic cancer. In addition, we summarize preclinical studies and clinical trials with drugs targeting lipid metabolic systems in pancreatic cancer. Finally, we highlight the challenges and opportunities for targeting lipid metabolism pathways through precision therapies in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Ruiyuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Jianlu Song
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Rexiati Ruze
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100023P. R China
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15
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Wagner A, Kosnacova H, Chovanec M, Jurkovicova D. Mitochondrial Genetic and Epigenetic Regulations in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147897. [PMID: 35887244 PMCID: PMC9321253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles managing crucial processes of cellular metabolism and bioenergetics. Enabling rapid cellular adaptation to altered endogenous and exogenous environments, mitochondria play an important role in many pathophysiological states, including cancer. Being under the control of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (mtDNA and nDNA), mitochondria adjust their activity and biogenesis to cell demands. In cancer, numerous mutations in mtDNA have been detected, which do not inactivate mitochondrial functions but rather alter energy metabolism to support cancer cell growth. Increasing evidence suggests that mtDNA mutations, mtDNA epigenetics and miRNA regulations dynamically modify signalling pathways in an altered microenvironment, resulting in cancer initiation and progression and aberrant therapy response. In this review, we discuss mitochondria as organelles importantly involved in tumorigenesis and anti-cancer therapy response. Tumour treatment unresponsiveness still represents a serious drawback in current drug therapies. Therefore, studying aspects related to genetic and epigenetic control of mitochondria can open a new field for understanding cancer therapy response. The urgency of finding new therapeutic regimens with better treatment outcomes underlines the targeting of mitochondria as a suitable candidate with new therapeutic potential. Understanding the role of mitochondria and their regulation in cancer development, progression and treatment is essential for the development of new safe and effective mitochondria-based therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wagner
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Kosnacova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Chovanec
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Dana Jurkovicova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Ling R, Chen G, Tang X, Liu N, Zhou Y, Chen D. Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2(ACSS2): a review with a focus on metabolism and tumor development. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:58. [PMID: 35798917 PMCID: PMC9263018 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an important member of the acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS) family, can catalyze the conversion of acetate to acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Currently, acetyl-CoA is considered an important intermediate metabolite in the metabolism of energy substrates. In addition, nutrients converge through acetyl-CoA into a common metabolic pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Not only does ACSS2 play a crucial role in material energy metabolism, it is also involved in the regulation of various acetylation processes, such as regulation of histone and transcription factor acetylation. ACSS2-mediated regulation of acetylation is related to substance metabolism and tumorigenesis. In mammalian cells, ACSS2 utilizes intracellular acetate to synthesize acetyl-CoA, a step in the process of DNA and histone acetylation. In addition, studies in tumors have shown that cancer cells adapt to the growth conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by activating or increasing the expression level of ACSS2 under metabolic stress. Therefore, this review mainly outlines the role of ACSS2 in substance metabolism and tumors and provides insights useful for investigating ACSS2 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ling
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiang Tang
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Na Liu
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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17
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Calhoun S, Duan L, Maki CG. Acetyl-CoA synthetases ACSS1 and ACSS2 are 4-hydroxytamoxifen responsive factors that promote survival in tamoxifen treated and estrogen deprived cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101386. [PMID: 35263700 PMCID: PMC8904238 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Calhoun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Carl G Maki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Ave, AcFac Suite 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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18
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Allen CNS, Arjona SP, Santerre M, Sawaya BE. Hallmarks of Metabolic Reprogramming and Their Role in Viral Pathogenesis. Viruses 2022; 14:602. [PMID: 35337009 PMCID: PMC8955778 DOI: 10.3390/v14030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and has proven to be critical in viral infections. Metabolic reprogramming provides the cell with energy and biomass for large-scale biosynthesis. Based on studies of the cellular changes that contribute to metabolic reprogramming, seven main hallmarks can be identified: (1) increased glycolysis and lactic acid, (2) increased glutaminolysis, (3) increased pentose phosphate pathway, (4) mitochondrial changes, (5) increased lipid metabolism, (6) changes in amino acid metabolism, and (7) changes in other biosynthetic and bioenergetic pathways. Viruses depend on metabolic reprogramming to increase biomass to fuel viral genome replication and production of new virions. Viruses take advantage of the non-metabolic effects of metabolic reprogramming, creating an anti-apoptotic environment and evading the immune system. Other non-metabolic effects can negatively affect cellular function. Understanding the role metabolic reprogramming plays in viral pathogenesis may provide better therapeutic targets for antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N. S. Allen
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.N.S.A.); (S.P.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Sterling P. Arjona
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.N.S.A.); (S.P.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Maryline Santerre
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.N.S.A.); (S.P.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Bassel E. Sawaya
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (C.N.S.A.); (S.P.A.); (M.S.)
- Departments of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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19
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Taunk K, Porto-Figueira P, Pereira JAM, Taware R, da Costa NL, Barbosa R, Rapole S, Câmara JS. Urinary Volatomic Expression Pattern: Paving the Way for Identification of Potential Candidate Biosignatures for Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2022; 12:36. [PMID: 35050157 PMCID: PMC8780352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The urinary volatomic profiling of Indian cohorts composed of 28 lung cancer (LC) patients and 27 healthy subjects (control group, CTRL) was established using headspace solid phase microextraction technique combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry methodology as a powerful approach to identify urinary volatile organic metabolites (uVOMs) to discriminate among LC patients from CTRL. Overall, 147 VOMs of several chemistries were identified in the intervention groups-including naphthalene derivatives, phenols, and organosulphurs-augmented in the LC group. In contrast, benzene and terpenic derivatives were found to be more prevalent in the CTRL group. The volatomic data obtained were processed using advanced statistical analysis, namely partial least square discriminative analysis (PLS-DA), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods. This resulted in the identification of nine uVOMs with a higher potential to discriminate LC patients from CTRL subjects. These were furan, o-cymene, furfural, linalool oxide, viridiflorene, 2-bromo-phenol, tricyclazole, 4-methyl-phenol, and 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methyl-3-morpholinopropan-1-one. The metabolic pathway analysis of the data obtained identified several altered biochemical pathways in LC mainly affecting glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, acetate and octanoic, decanoic, and dodecanoic fatty acids were identified as the key metabolites responsible for such deregulation. Furthermore, studies involving larger cohorts of LC patients would allow us to consolidate the data obtained and challenge the potential of the uVOMs as candidate biomarkers for LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushman Taunk
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India; (K.T.); (R.T.)
| | - Priscilla Porto-Figueira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (P.P.-F.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - Jorge A. M. Pereira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (P.P.-F.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - Ravindra Taware
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India; (K.T.); (R.T.)
| | - Nattane Luíza da Costa
- Instituto de Informática, Alameda Palmeiras, Quadra D, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil; (N.L.d.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Rommel Barbosa
- Instituto de Informática, Alameda Palmeiras, Quadra D, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, GO, Brazil; (N.L.d.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India; (K.T.); (R.T.)
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (P.P.-F.); (J.A.M.P.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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20
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Hosmer J, Nasreen M, Dhouib R, Essilfie AT, Schirra HJ, Henningham A, Fantino E, Sly P, McEwan AG, Kappler U. Access to highly specialized growth substrates and production of epithelial immunomodulatory metabolites determine survival of Haemophilus influenzae in human airway epithelial cells. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010209. [PMID: 35085362 PMCID: PMC8794153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) infections are associated with recurring acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases in children and adults including otitis media, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Here, we show that persistence and recurrence of Hi infections are closely linked to Hi metabolic properties, where preferred growth substrates are aligned to the metabolome of human airway epithelial surfaces and include lactate, pentoses, and nucleosides, but not glucose that is typically used for studies of Hi growth in vitro. Enzymatic and physiological investigations revealed that utilization of lactate, the preferred Hi carbon source, required the LldD L-lactate dehydrogenase (conservation: 98.8% of strains), but not the two redox-balancing D-lactate dehydrogenases Dld and LdhA. Utilization of preferred substrates was directly linked to Hi infection and persistence. When unable to utilize L-lactate or forced to rely on salvaged guanine, Hi showed reduced extra- and intra-cellular persistence in a murine model of lung infection and in primary normal human nasal epithelia, with up to 3000-fold attenuation observed in competitive infections. In contrast, D-lactate dehydrogenase mutants only showed a very slight reduction compared to the wild-type strain. Interestingly, acetate, the major Hi metabolic end-product, had anti-inflammatory effects on cultured human tissue cells in the presence of live but not heat-killed Hi, suggesting that metabolic endproducts also influence HI-host interactions. Our work provides significant new insights into the critical role of metabolism for Hi persistence in contact with host cells and reveals for the first time the immunomodulatory potential of Hi metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hosmer
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Marufa Nasreen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Rabeb Dhouib
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | | | | | - Anna Henningham
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Fantino
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alastair G. McEwan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Ulrike Kappler
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
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21
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Bisht VS, Giri K, Kumar D, Ambatipudi K. Oxygen and metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment influences metastasis homing. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:493-512. [PMID: 34696706 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1992233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality, often characterized by abnormal cell growth and invasion to distant organs. The cancer invasion due to epithelial to mesenchymal transition is affected by metabolic and oxygen availability in the tumor-associated micro-environment. A precise alteration in oxygen and metabolic signaling between healthy and metastatic cells is a substantial probe for understanding tumor progression and metastasis. Molecular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment help to sustain the metastatic cell growth during their survival shift from low to high metabolic-oxygen-rich sites and reinforces the metastatic events. This review highlighted the crucial role of oxygen and metabolites in metastatic progression and exemplified the role of metabolic rewiring and oxygen availability in cancer cell adaptation. Furthermore, we have also addressed potential applications of altered oxygen and metabolic networking with tumor type that could be a signature pattern to assess tumor growth and chemotherapeutics efficacy in managing cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod S Bisht
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Kuldeep Giri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India
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22
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Li CJ, Chiu YH, Chang C, Chang YCI, Sheu JJC, Chiang AJ. Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthase 2 Acts as a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133125. [PMID: 34206705 PMCID: PMC8269092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cellular metabolism has become a key determinant of cancer cell and immune cell viability and function. To sustain the enormous anabolic demands, tumors adopt a specialized metabolism different from that of normal cells. Tumor cells synthesize acetyl-CoA by uptake of extracellular acetic acid via acetyl coenzyme A synthetase 2 (ACSS2) to provide a carbon source for tumor cells. We found that the expression level of ACSS2 was significantly higher in CESC patients than in normal cells, and confirmed a positive correlation between the level of immune infiltration and ACSS2, thus ACSS2 as a key enzyme of tumor energy metabolism has become a new focus for researchers. Abstract Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide with a low survival rate. Acetyl coenzyme A synthase 2 (ACSS2) is a conserved nucleosidase that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA for energy production. Our research intended to identify the correlations of ACSS2 with clinical prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in CESC. ACSS2 is highly expressed in many tumors and is involved in the progression and metastasis of these tumors. However, it is not clear how ACSS2 affects CESC progression and immune infiltration. Analysis of the cBioPortal, GEPIA2, UALCAN, and TCGA databases showed that ACSS2 transcript levels were significantly upregulated in multiple cancer types including CESC. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed that ACSS2 expression was significantly upregulated in human cervical cancer cells. Here, we performed tissue microarray analysis of paraffin-embedded tissues from 240 cervical cancer patients recorded at FIGO/TNM cancer staging. The results showed that ACSS2 and PDL1 were highly expressed in human CESC tissues, and its expression was associated with the clinical characteristics of CESC patients. TIMER database analysis showed that ACSS2 expression in CESC was associated with tumor infiltration of B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis showed that CESC with high ACSS2 expression was associated with shorter overall survival. Collectively, our findings establish ACSS2 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
- Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Chiu
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan;
| | - Chung Chang
- Department of Applied Mathematics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | | | - Jim Jinn-Chyuan Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - An-Jen Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
- Correspondence:
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23
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Park JK, Coffey NJ, Limoges A, Le A. The Heterogeneity of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1311:39-56. [PMID: 34014533 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of cancer cell metabolism has traditionally focused on glycolysis and glutaminolysis. However, lipidomic technologies have matured considerably over the last decade and broadened our understanding of how lipid metabolism is relevant to cancer biology [1-3]. Studies now suggest that the reprogramming of cellular lipid metabolism contributes directly to malignant transformation and progression [4, 5]. For example, de novo lipid synthesis can supply proliferating tumor cells with phospholipid components that comprise the plasma and organelle membranes of new daughter cells [6, 7]. Moreover, the upregulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation can support tumor cell energetics and redox homeostasis [8], while lipid-derived messengers can regulate major signaling pathways or coordinate immunosuppressive mechanisms [9-11]. Lipid metabolism has, therefore, become implicated in a variety of oncogenic processes, including metastatic colonization, drug resistance, and cell differentiation [10, 12-16]. However, whether we can safely and effectively modulate the underlying mechanisms of lipid metabolism for cancer therapy is still an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua K Park
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aaron Limoges
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Le
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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24
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Sahuri-Arisoylu M, Mould RR, Shinjyo N, Bligh SWA, Nunn AVW, Guy GW, Thomas EL, Bell JD. Acetate Induces Growth Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Function. Front Nutr 2021; 8:588466. [PMID: 33937302 PMCID: PMC8081909 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.588466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetate is one of the main short chain fatty acids produced in the colon when fermentable carbohydrates are digested. It has been shown to affect normal metabolism, modulating mitochondrial function, and fatty acid oxidation. Currently, there is no clear consensus regarding the effects of acetate on tumorigenesis and cancer metabolism. Here, we investigate the metabolic effects of acetate on colon cancer. HT29 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines were treated with acetate and its effect on mitochondrial proliferation, reactive oxygen species, density, permeability transition pore, cellular bioenergetics, gene expression of acetyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSS1) and 2 (ACSS2), and lipid levels were investigated. Acetate was found to reduce proliferation of both cell lines under normoxia as well as reducing glycolysis; it was also found to increase both oxygen consumption and ROS levels. Cell death observed was independent of ACSS1/2 expression. Under hypoxic conditions, reduced proliferation was maintained in the HT29 cell line but no longer observed in the HCT116 cell line. ACSS2 expression together with cellular lipid levels was increased in both cell lines under hypoxia which may partly protect cells from the anti-proliferative effects of reversed Warburg effect caused by acetate. The findings from this study suggest that effect of acetate on proliferation is a consequence of its impact on mitochondrial metabolism and during normoxia is independent of ACCS1/2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliz Sahuri-Arisoylu
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.,Health Innovation Ecosystem, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys R Mould
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Noriko Shinjyo
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - S W Annie Bligh
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom.,School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alistair V W Nunn
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey W Guy
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Louise Thomas
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy D Bell
- Research Centre of Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Zhou W, Nie ZW, Zhou DJ, Cui XS. Acetyl-CoA synthases are essential for maintaining histone acetylation under metabolic stress during zygotic genome activation in pigs. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6948-6962. [PMID: 33682931 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
ACSS1/2 converts acetate into acetyl-coenzyme A, which contributes to histone acetylation in the mitochondria and cytoplasm. Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is critical for embryo development involving drastic histone modification. An efficient crRNAs-Cas13a targeting strategy was employed to investigate the ACSS1/2 function during ZGA. The results showed that nuclear accumulation of ACSS1 and ACSS2 occurs during ZGA. Knockdown of ACSS1/2 did not affect blastocyst formation when using a normal medium. On culturing embryos in a medium with acetate and no pyruvate (-P + Ace), knockdown of ACSS1 did not affect histone acetylation levels but significantly reduced ATP levels, whereas knockdown of ACSS2 significantly reduced histone acetylation levels in porcine embryos. Inhibition of fatty acid beta-oxidation by etomoxir significantly reduced ATP levels, which could be restored by acetate. The histone acetylation levels in the ACSS1 and ACSS2 knockdown groups both decreased considerably after etomoxir treatment. Moreover, acetate showed dose-dependent effects on SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels when under metabolic stress. The C-terminus of ACSS1 regulated the nuclear translocation. In conclusion, ACSS1/2 helps to maintain ATP and histone acetylation levels in porcine early embryos under metabolic stress during ZGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.,Division of Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Nie
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jie Zhou
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Shun Cui
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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26
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Miller KD, Pniewski K, Perry CE, Papp SB, Shaffer JD, Velasco-Silva JN, Casciano JC, Aramburu TM, Srikanth YVV, Cassel J, Skordalakes E, Kossenkov AV, Salvino JM, Schug ZT. Targeting ACSS2 with a Transition-State Mimetic Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Growth. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1252-1264. [PMID: 33414169 PMCID: PMC8026699 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA is a vitally important and versatile metabolite used for many cellular processes including fatty acid synthesis, ATP production, and protein acetylation. Recent studies have shown that cancer cells upregulate acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, in response to stresses such as low nutrient availability and hypoxia. Stressed cancer cells use ACSS2 as a means to exploit acetate as an alternative nutrient source. Genetic depletion of ACSS2 in tumors inhibits the growth of a wide variety of cancers. However, there are no studies on the use of an ACSS2 inhibitor to block tumor growth. In this study, we synthesized a small-molecule inhibitor that acts as a transition-state mimetic to block ACSS2 activity in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacologic inhibition of ACSS2 as a single agent impaired breast tumor growth. Collectively, our findings suggest that targeting ACSS2 may be an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of patients with breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that targeting acetate metabolism through ACSS2 inhibitors has the potential to safely and effectively treat a wide range of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn D Miller
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine Pniewski
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Caroline E Perry
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Cell & Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sara B Papp
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua D Shaffer
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Cell & Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jesse N Velasco-Silva
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jessica C Casciano
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomas M Aramburu
- Gene Expression and Regulation Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joel Cassel
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Emmanuel Skordalakes
- Gene Expression and Regulation Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph M Salvino
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary T Schug
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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27
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NRF2/ACSS2 axis mediates the metabolic effect of alcohol drinking on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem J 2021; 477:3075-3089. [PMID: 32776152 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol drinking is a leading risk factor for the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the molecular mechanisms of alcohol-associated ESCC remain poorly understood. One of the most commonly mutated genes in ESCC is nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2), which is a critical transcription factor regulating oxidative stress response and drug detoxification. When NRF2 is hyperactive in cancer cells, however, it leads to metabolic reprogramming, cell proliferation, chemoradioresistance, and poor prognosis. In this study, hyperactive NRF2 was found to up-regulate acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family members 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, in ESCC cells and mouse esophagus. We also showed that knockdown of NRF2 or ACSS2 led to decreased ACSS2 expression, which in turn reduced the levels of acetyl-CoA and ATP with or without ethanol exposure. In addition, ethanol exposure enhanced lipid synthesis in ESCC cells. Moreover, we observed a change in the metabolic profile of ESCC cells exposed to ethanol as a result of their NRF2 or ACSS2 status. We further showed that ACSS2 contributed to the invasive capability of NRF2high ESCC cells exposed to ethanol. In conclusion, the NRF2/ACSS2 axis mediates the metabolic effect of alcohol drinking on ESCC.
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28
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Liu P, Wang Y, Yang G, Zhang Q, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X. The role of short-chain fatty acids in intestinal barrier function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and colonic carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105420. [PMID: 33434620 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are metabolites produced during the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the intestinal tract. They are believed to be essential factors affecting host health. Most in vitro and ex vivo studies have shown that SCFAs affect the regulation of inflammation, carcinogenesis, intestinal barrier function, and oxidative stress, but convincing evidence in humans is still lacking. Two major SCFA signaling mechanisms have been identified: promotion of histone acetylation and activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. In this review, we introduce the production and metabolic characteristics of SCFAs, summarize the potential effects of SCFAs on the four aspects mentioned above and the possible mechanisms. SCFAs have been reported to exert a wide spectrum of positive effects and have a high potential for therapeutic use in human-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Ge Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Qihe Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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29
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Genomic and transcriptomic landscape of conjunctival melanoma. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009201. [PMID: 33383577 PMCID: PMC7775126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjunctival melanoma (CJM) is a rare but potentially lethal and highly-recurrent cancer of the eye. Similar to cutaneous melanoma (CM), it originates from melanocytes. Unlike CM, however, CJM is relatively poorly characterized from a genomic point of view. To fill this knowledge gap and gain insight into the genomic nature of CJM, we performed whole-exome (WES) or whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor-normal tissue pairs in 14 affected individuals, as well as RNA sequencing in a subset of 11 tumor tissues. Our results show that, similarly to CM, CJM is also characterized by a very high mutation load, composed of approximately 500 somatic mutations in exonic regions. This, as well as the presence of a UV light-induced mutational signature, are clear signs of the role of sunlight in CJM tumorigenesis. In addition, the genomic classification of CM proposed by TCGA seems to be well-applicable to CJM, with the presence of four typical subclasses defined on the basis of the most frequently mutated genes: BRAF, NF1, RAS, and triple wild-type. In line with these results, transcriptomic analyses revealed similarities with CM as well, namely the presence of a transcriptomic subtype enriched for immune genes and a subtype enriched for genes associated with keratins and epithelial functions. Finally, in seven tumors we detected somatic mutations in ACSS3, a possible new candidate oncogene. Transfected conjunctival melanoma cells overexpressing mutant ACSS3 showed higher proliferative activity, supporting the direct involvement of this gene in the tumorigenesis of CJM. Altogether, our results provide the first unbiased and complete genomic and transcriptomic classification of CJM. Conjunctival melanoma is an extremely rare form of cancer of the eye that arises from melanocytes–the cells producing the protective pigment melanin–in the outmost layer of the eye: the conjunctiva. This tissue, similarly to the skin, can also be exposed to UV light radiation from the sun. We investigated the genetic background of this rare form of cancer in samples from fourteen patients, by global DNA and RNA sequencing. Our results showed that conjunctival melanoma is genetically very similar to cutaneous melanoma. More precisely, in tumor DNA we detected signs of damage caused by UV light, as well as mutations in the genes BRAF, NF1 and NRAS/HRAS, previously described to be involved in cutaneous melanoma. Analysis of tumor gene expression also revealed similarities between these two types of cancer, some of which could be used as prognostic factors or as indicators of a patients’ response to therapy. In addition, we identified frequent somatic mutations in ACSS3, a gene not yet associated with either conjunctival or cutaneous melanoma, which represents a potential key player in oncogenesis of conjunctival melanoma.
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30
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Ni Y, Yang Y, Ran J, Zhang L, Yao M, Liu Z, Zhang L. miR-15a-5p inhibits metastasis and lipid metabolism by suppressing histone acetylation in lung cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 161:150-162. [PMID: 33059020 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramme was a key characteristic of malignant tumors. Increased evidences indicated that besides Warburg effect (abnormal glucose metabolism), abnormal lipid metabolism played more and more important in progression and metastasis of malignant tumors. MiR-15a-5p could inhibit development of lung cancer, while its regulating mechanism, especially the role in lipid metabolism still remained unclear. In this study, we confirmed that miR-15a-5p inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. The online analysis of Mirpath v.3 predicted that miR-15a-5p was closely associated with fatty acid synthesis and lipid metabolism. In vitro cell experiments revealed that miR-15a-5p significantly suppressed fatty acid synthesis of lung cancer cells by inhibiting acetate uptake. Extensive analysis indicated that miR-15a-5p could suppress acetyl-CoA activity and decrease histone H4 acetylation by inhibiting ACSS2 expression. In addition, we also observed that ACSS2 located in nucleus under hypoxic conditions, while miR-15a-5p could be transported into nucleus to inhibit the function of ACSS2. Our study unveiled a novel mechanism of miR-15a-5p in inhibiting metastasis of lung cancer cells by suppressing lipid metabolism via suppression of ACSS2 mediated acetyl-CoA activity and histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyun Ni
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingjing Ran
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Menglin Yao
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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31
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Moffett JR, Puthillathu N, Vengilote R, Jaworski DM, Namboodiri AM. Acetate Revisited: A Key Biomolecule at the Nexus of Metabolism, Epigenetics, and Oncogenesis - Part 2: Acetate and ACSS2 in Health and Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:580171. [PMID: 33304273 PMCID: PMC7693462 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetate, the shortest chain fatty acid, has been implicated in providing health benefits whether it is derived from the diet or is generated from microbial fermentation of fiber in the gut. These health benefits range widely from improved cardiac function to enhanced red blood cell generation and memory formation. Understanding how acetate could influence so many disparate biological functions is now an area of intensive research. Protein acetylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications and increased systemic acetate strongly drives protein acetylation. By virtue of acetylation impacting the activity of virtually every class of protein, acetate driven alterations in signaling and gene transcription have been associated with several common human diseases, including cancer. In part 2 of this review, we will focus on some of the roles that acetate plays in health and human disease. The acetate-activating enzyme acyl-CoA short-chain synthetase family member 2 (ACSS2) will be a major part of that focus due to its role in targeted protein acetylation reactions that can regulate central metabolism and stress responses. ACSS2 is the only known enzyme that can recycle acetate derived from deacetylation reactions in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, including both protein and metabolite deacetylation reactions. As such, ACSS2 can recycle acetate derived from histone deacetylase reactions as well as protein deacetylation reactions mediated by sirtuins, among many others. Notably, ACSS2 can activate acetate released from acetylated metabolites including N-acetylaspartate (NAA), the most concentrated acetylated metabolite in the human brain. NAA has been associated with the metabolic reprograming of cancer cells, where ACSS2 also plays a role. Here, we discuss the context-specific roles that acetate can play in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Moffett
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Narayanan Puthillathu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ranjini Vengilote
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Diane M. Jaworski
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Aryan M. Namboodiri
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Lipid metabolic Reprogramming: Role in Melanoma Progression and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113147. [PMID: 33121001 PMCID: PMC7692067 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is a devastating skin cancer characterized by an impressive metabolic plasticity. Melanoma cells are able to adapt to the tumor microenvironment by using a variety of fuels that contribute to tumor growth and progression. In this review, the authors summarize the contribution of the lipid metabolic network in melanoma plasticity and aggressiveness, with a particular attention to specific lipid classes such as glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and eicosanoids. They also highlight the role of adipose tissue in tumor progression as well as the potential antitumor role of drugs targeting critical steps of lipid metabolic pathways in the context of melanoma. Abstract Metabolic reprogramming contributes to the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of melanoma. It is driven both by oncogenic events and the constraints imposed by a nutrient- and oxygen-scarce microenvironment. Among the most prominent metabolic reprogramming features is an increased rate of lipid synthesis. Lipids serve as a source of energy and form the structural foundation of all membranes, but have also emerged as mediators that not only impact classical oncogenic signaling pathways, but also contribute to melanoma progression. Various alterations in fatty acid metabolism have been reported and can contribute to melanoma cell aggressiveness. Elevated expression of the key lipogenic fatty acid synthase is associated with tumor cell invasion and poor prognosis. Fatty acid uptake from the surrounding microenvironment, fatty acid β-oxidation and storage also appear to play an essential role in tumor cell migration. The aim of this review is (i) to focus on the major alterations affecting lipid storage organelles and lipid metabolism. A particular attention has been paid to glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols and eicosanoids, (ii) to discuss how these metabolic dysregulations contribute to the phenotype plasticity of melanoma cells and/or melanoma aggressiveness, and (iii) to highlight therapeutic approaches targeting lipid metabolism that could be applicable for melanoma treatment.
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Kagawa Y, Umaru BA, Shima H, Ito R, Zama R, Islam A, Kanno SI, Yasui A, Sato S, Jozaki K, Shil SK, Miyazaki H, Kobayashi S, Yamamoto Y, Kogo H, Shimamoto-Mitsuyama C, Sugawara A, Sugino N, Kanamori M, Tominaga T, Yoshikawa T, Fukunaga K, Igarashi K, Owada Y. FABP7 Regulates Acetyl-CoA Metabolism Through the Interaction with ACLY in the Nucleus of Astrocytes. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4891-4910. [PMID: 32812201 PMCID: PMC7541391 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) is an intracellular fatty acid chaperon that is highly expressed in astrocytes, oligodendrocyte-precursor cells, and malignant glioma. Previously, we reported that FABP7 regulates the response to extracellular stimuli by controlling the expression of caveolin-1, an important component of lipid raft. Here, we explored the detailed mechanisms underlying FABP7 regulation of caveolin-1 expression using primary cultured FABP7-KO astrocytes as a model of loss of function and NIH-3T3 cells as a model of gain of function. We discovered that FABP7 interacts with ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) and is important for acetyl-CoA metabolism in the nucleus. This interaction leads to epigenetic regulation of several genes, including caveolin-1. Our novel findings suggest that FABP7-ACLY modulation of nuclear acetyl-CoA has more influence on histone acetylation than cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA. The changes to histone structure may modify caveolae-related cell activity in astrocytes and tumors, including malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Banlanjo Abdulaziz Umaru
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryo Ito
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryo Zama
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kanno
- Division of Dynamic Proteome in Aging and Cancer, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akira Yasui
- Division of Dynamic Proteome in Aging and Cancer, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shun Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Kosuke Jozaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Subrata Kumar Shil
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kogo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - Akira Sugawara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Norihiro Sugino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kanamori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshikawa
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
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Acetyl-CoA synthetase 3 promotes bladder cancer cell growth under metabolic stress. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:46. [PMID: 32398651 PMCID: PMC7217873 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironment during progression via regulating the level and function of metabolic enzymes. Acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) is a key metabolic intermediate that is crucial for cancer cell metabolism, especially under metabolic stress. It is of special significance to decipher the role acetyl-CoA synthetase short chain family (ACSS) in cancer cells confronting metabolic stress. Here we analyzed the generation of lipogenic AcCoA in bladder cancer cells under metabolic stress and found that in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) cells, the proportion of lipogenic AcCoA generated from glucose were largely reduced under metabolic stress. Our results revealed that ACSS3 was responsible for lipogenic AcCoA synthesis in BLCA cells under metabolic stress. Interestingly, we found that ACSS3 was required for acetate utilization and histone acetylation. Moreover, our data illustrated that ACSS3 promoted BLCA cell growth. In addition, through analyzing clinical samples, we found that both mRNA and protein levels of ACSS3 were dramatically upregulated in BLCA samples in comparison with adjacent controls and BLCA patients with lower ACSS3 expression were entitled with longer overall survival. Our data revealed an oncogenic role of ACSS3 via regulating AcCoA generation in BLCA and provided a promising target in metabolic pathway for BLCA treatment.
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Lukina MM, Shimolina LE, Kiselev NM, Zagainov VE, Komarov DV, Zagaynova EV, Shirmanova MV. Interrogation of tumor metabolism in tissue samples ex vivo using fluorescence lifetime imaging of NAD(P)H. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 8:014002. [PMID: 31622964 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab4ed8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exploring metabolism in human tumors at the cellular level remains a challenge. The reduced form of metabolic cofactor NAD(P)H is one of the major intrinsic fluorescent components in tissues and a valuable indicator of cellular metabolic activity. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) enables resolution of both the free and protein-bound fractions of this cofactor, and thus, high sensitivity detection of relative changes in the NAD(P)H-dependent metabolic pathways in real time. However, the clinical use of this technique is still very limited. The applications of metabolic FLIM could be usefully expanded by probing cellular metabolism in tissues ex vivo. For this, however, the development of appropriate tissue preservation protocols is required in order to maintain the optical metabolic characteristics in the ex vivo sample in a state similar to those of the tumor in vivo. Using mouse tumor models of different histological types-colorectal cancer, lung carcinoma and melanoma-we tested eight different methods of tissue handling by comparing NAD(P)H fluorescence decay parameters ex vivo and in vivo as measured with two-photon excited FLIM microscopy. It was found that the samples placed in 10% BSA on ice immediately after excision maintained the same fluorescence lifetimes and free/bound ratios as measured in vivo for at least 3 hours. This protocol was subsequently used for metabolic assessments in fresh postoperative samples from colorectal cancer patients. A high degree of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity with a trend to a more oxidative metabolism was detected in T3 colorectal tumors in comparison with normal tumor-distant colon samples. These results suggest that the methodology developed on the basis of FLIM of NAD(P)H in tissues ex vivo show promise for interrogating the metabolic state of patients' tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Lukina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky sq., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
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36
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Royston KJ, Adedokun B, Olopade OI. Race, the microbiome and colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:773-787. [PMID: 31662819 PMCID: PMC6815924 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i10.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, more cancer researchers have begun to understand the significance of cancer prevention, which has prompted a shift in the increasing body of scientific literature. An area of fascination and great potential is the human microbiome. Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota has significant roles in an individual's ability to avoid cancer, with considerable focus on the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer. That in mind, racial disparities with regard to colorectal cancer treatment and prevention are generally understudied despite higher incidence and mortality rates among Non-Hispanic Blacks compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. A comprehension of ethnic differences with relation to colorectal cancer, dietary habits and the microbiome is a meritorious area of investigation. This review highlights literature that identifies and bridges the gap in understanding the role of the human microbiome in racial disparities across colorectal cancer. Herein, we explore the differences in the gut microbiota, common short chain fatty acids produced in abundance by microbes, and their association with racial differences in cancer acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra J Royston
- Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Babatunde Adedokun
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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37
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Mi L, Zhou Y, Wu D, Tao Q, Wang X, Zhu H, Gao X, Wang J, Ling R, Deng J, Mao C, Chen D. ACSS2/AMPK/PCNA pathway‑driven proliferation and chemoresistance of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells under nutrient stress. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5286-5296. [PMID: 31638228 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although platinum‑based chemotherapy is the first‑line choice for locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, accelerated recurrence and chemoresistance remain inevitable. New evidence suggests that metabolism reprogramming under stress involves independent processes that are executed with a variety of proteins. This study investigated the functions of nutrient stress (NS)‑mediated acetyl‑CoA synthetase short‑chain family member 2 (ACSS2) in cell proliferation and cisplatin‑resistance and examined its combined effects with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a key regulator of DNA replication and repair. Here, it was demonstrated that under NS, when the AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway was activated, ESCC cells maintained proliferation and chemoresistance was distinctly upregulated as determined by CCK‑8 assay. As determined using immunoblotting and RT‑qPCR, compared with normal esophageal epithelial cells (Het‑1A), ESCC cells were less sensitive to NS and showed increased intracellular levels of ACSS2. Moreover, it was shown that ACSS2 inhibition by siRNA not only greatly interfered with proliferation under NS but also participated in DNA repair after cisplatin treatment via PCNA suppression, and the acceleration of cell death was dependent on the activation of the AMPK pathway as revealed by the Annexin V/PI and TUNEL assay results. Our study identified crosstalk between nutrient supply and chemoresistance that could be exploited therapeutically to target AMPK signaling, and the results suggest ACSS2 as a potential biomarker for identifying higher‑risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mi
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Qing Tao
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jingzhi Wang
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Ling
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Deng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Chaoming Mao
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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38
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Vodnala SK, Eil R, Kishton RJ, Sukumar M, Yamamoto TN, Ha NH, Lee PH, Shin M, Patel SJ, Yu Z, Palmer DC, Kruhlak MJ, Liu X, Locasale JW, Huang J, Roychoudhuri R, Finkel T, Klebanoff CA, Restifo NP. T cell stemness and dysfunction in tumors are triggered by a common mechanism. Science 2019; 363:363/6434/eaau0135. [PMID: 30923193 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A paradox of tumor immunology is that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are dysfunctional in situ, yet are capable of stem cell-like behavior including self-renewal, expansion, and multipotency, resulting in the eradication of large metastatic tumors. We find that the overabundance of potassium in the tumor microenvironment underlies this dichotomy, triggering suppression of T cell effector function while preserving stemness. High levels of extracellular potassium constrain T cell effector programs by limiting nutrient uptake, thereby inducing autophagy and reduction of histone acetylation at effector and exhaustion loci, which in turn produces CD8+ T cells with improved in vivo persistence, multipotency, and tumor clearance. This mechanistic knowledge advances our understanding of T cell dysfunction and may lead to novel approaches that enable the development of enhanced T cell strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Vodnala
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert Eil
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rigel J Kishton
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Madhusudhanan Sukumar
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tori N Yamamoto
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ngoc-Han Ha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ping-Hsien Lee
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - MinHwa Shin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shashank J Patel
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhiya Yu
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Douglas C Palmer
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael J Kruhlak
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Christopher A Klebanoff
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Center for Cell Engineering and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicholas P Restifo
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. .,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Chen X, Zhu X, Wei Z, Lv Q. Integrated mRNA‐Seq and miRNA‐Seq analysis of PLCγ2‐overexpressing hepatocarcinoma cells and identification of the associated miRNA‐mRNA network. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19878-19890. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Chen
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Xuemin Zhu
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Zhiguo Wei
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Qiongxia Lv
- Animal Science and Technology School Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
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40
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Wind TT, Jalving M, de Haan JJ, de Vries EGE, van Vugt MATM, Reijngoud DJ, van Rijn RS, Haanen JBAG, Blank CU, Hospers GAP, Fehrmann RSN. A large pooled analysis refines gene expression-based molecular subclasses in cutaneous melanoma. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1558664. [PMID: 30723592 PMCID: PMC6350693 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1558664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the number of expression-based molecular subclasses in cutaneous melanoma, identify their dominant biological pathways and evaluate their clinical relevance. To this end, consensus clustering was performed separately on two independent datasets (n = 405 and n = 473) composed of publicly available cutaneous melanoma expression profiles from previous studies. Four expression-based molecular subclasses were identified and labelled ‘Oxidative phosphorylation’, ‘Oestrogen response/p53-pathway’, ‘Immune’ and ‘Cell cycle’, based on their dominantly expressed biological pathways determined by gene set enrichment analysis. Multivariate survival analysis revealed shorter overall survival in the ‘Oxidative phosphorylation’ subclass compared to the other subclasses. This was validated in a third independent dataset (n = 214). Finally, in a pooled cohort of 76 patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy a trend towards a difference in response rates between subclasses was observed (‘Immune’ subclass: 65% responders, ‘Oxidative Phosphorylation’ subclass: 60% responders, other subclasses: <50% responders). These findings support the stratification of cutaneous melanoma in four expression-based molecular subclasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs T Wind
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Jalving
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco J de Haan
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth G E de Vries
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel A T M van Vugt
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Reijngoud
- Section of Systems Medicine and Metabolic Signaling, Laboratory of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Center of Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen.,European Research Institute of the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - John B A G Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian U Blank
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geke A P Hospers
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf S N Fehrmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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41
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Pandey SK, Yadav S, Goel Y, Singh SM. Cytotoxic action of acetate on tumor cells of thymic origin: Role of MCT-1, pH homeostasis and altered cell survival regulation. Biochimie 2019; 157:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Grahovac J, Srdić-Rajić T, Francisco Santibañez J, Pavlović M, Čavić M, Radulović S. Telmisartan induces melanoma cell apoptosis and synergizes with vemurafenib in vitro by altering cell bioenergetics. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:247-263. [PMID: 31516746 PMCID: PMC6713633 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite recent advancements in targeted therapy and immunotherapies, prognosis for metastatic melanoma patients remains extremely poor. Development of resistance to previously effective treatments presents a serious challenge and new approaches for melanoma treatment are urgently needed. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of telmisartan, an AGTR1 inhibitor and a partial agonist of PPARγ, on melanoma cells as a potential agent for repurposing in melanoma treatment. Methods Expression of AGTR1 and PPARγ mRNA in melanoma patient tumor samples was examined in publicly available datasets and confirmed in melanoma cell lines by qRT-PCR. A panel of melanoma cell lines was tested in viability, apoptosis and metabolic assays in presence of telmisartan by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. A cytotoxic effect of combinations of telmisartan and targeted therapy vemurafenib was examined using the Chou-Talalay combination index method. Results Both AGTR1 and PPARγ mRNA were expressed in melanoma patient tumor samples and decreased compared to the expression in the healthy skin. In vitro, we found that telmisartan decreased melanoma cell viability by inducing cell apoptosis. Increased glucose uptake, but not utilization, in the presence of telmisartan caused the fission of mitochondria and release of reactive oxygen species. Telmisartan altered the cell bioenergetics, thereby synergizing with vemurafenib in vitro, and even sensitized vemurafenib-resistant cells to the treatment. Conclusions Given that the effective doses of telmisartan examined in our study can be administered to patients and that telmisartan is a widely used and safe antihypertensive drug, our findings provide the scientific rationale for testing its efficacy in treatment of melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Grahovac
- Laboratory for Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Srdić-Rajić
- Laboratory for Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Juan Francisco Santibañez
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.,Integrative Center for Biology and Applied Chemistry (CIBQA), Bernardo O'Higgins University, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Marijana Pavlović
- Laboratory for Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Milena Čavić
- Laboratory for Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Siniša Radulović
- Laboratory for Experimental Pharmacology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
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Cheng C, Geng F, Cheng X, Guo D. Lipid metabolism reprogramming and its potential targets in cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2018; 38:27. [PMID: 29784041 PMCID: PMC5993136 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-018-0301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of lipid metabolism is a newly recognized hallmark of malignancy. Increased lipid uptake, storage and lipogenesis occur in a variety of cancers and contribute to rapid tumor growth. Lipids constitute the basic structure of membranes and also function as signaling molecules and energy sources. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), a family of membrane-bound transcription factors in the endoplasmic reticulum, play a central role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Recent studies have revealed that SREBPs are highly up-regulated in various cancers and promote tumor growth. SREBP cleavage-activating protein is a key transporter in the trafficking and activation of SREBPs as well as a critical glucose sensor, thus linking glucose metabolism and de novo lipid synthesis. Targeting altered lipid metabolic pathways has become a promising anti-cancer strategy. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of lipid metabolism regulation in malignancy, and highlights potential molecular targets and their inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Feng Geng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Deliang Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Reprogrammed lipid metabolism in bladder cancer with cisplatin resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13231-13243. [PMID: 29568353 PMCID: PMC5862574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its tendency to recur and acquire chemoresistance quickly, bladder cancer (BC) remains to be an elusive and difficult disease. Patients with recurrent and chemoresistant BC have an extremely poor prognosis. One possible approach that may provide insightful and valuable information regarding resistance mechanisms is looking into the lipid metabolism of BC cells. Metabolism of lipids is essential for cancer cells and is associated with the regulation of a variety of key cellular processes and functions. This study conducted a comparative lipidomic profiling of two isogenic human T24 bladder cancer cell lines, one of which is clinically characterized as cisplatin-sensitive (T24S) and the other as cisplatin-resistant (T24R). Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that expression of cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is positively correlated with aggressive BC. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis profiled a total of 1,864 lipids and levels of differentially expressed lipids suspected of being associated with cisplatin resistance were determined. In addition, we found that ACSS2 inhibition greatly perturbed levels of metabolites, including CE(18:1), CE(22:6), TG(49:1), and TG(53:2). This study broadens our current knowledge on the links between cisplatin resistance and lipid metabolism in aggressive BC and suggests potential biomarkers for identifying higher-risk patients.
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Park JK, Coffey NJ, Limoges A, Le A. The Heterogeneity of Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1063:33-55. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77736-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sun L, Kong Y, Cao M, Zhou H, Li H, Cui Y, Fang F, Zhang W, Li J, Zhu X, Li Q, Song T, Zhang T. Decreased expression of acetyl-CoA synthase 2 promotes metastasis and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1338-1346. [PMID: 28387999 PMCID: PMC5497799 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a serious risk that may occur during the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), preventing many patients from being surgical candidates and contributing to poor prognosis. Hypoxia has been proved an important factor of metastasis through the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. Acetyl‐CoA synthase 2 (ACSS2) provides an acetyl group for the acetylation of hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF)‐2α, and this epigenetic modification affects the activity of HIF‐2α and the subsequent EMT process. Here, we showed that ACSS2 expression was negatively correlated with HCC malignancy. Knockdown of ACSS2 increased the invasion and migration ability of HCC cells and promoted EMT without increasing the total protein level of HIF‐2α, even in hypoxic conditions. The immunoprecipitation assay revealed downregulated acetylation levels of HIF‐2α after ACSS2 knockdown in hypoxic conditions, which resulted in enhanced HIF‐2α activity. Finally, decreased expression of ACSS2 was found to be related to advanced stage and poor overall survival and disease‐free survival rates in a cohort of patients with HCC. In conclusion, ACSS2 plays an important role in the acetylation process of HIF‐2α, which effectively modifies the activity of HIF‐2α under hypoxic conditions and greatly impacts on the prognosis of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinlong Kong
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Manqing Cao
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Huikai Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunlong Cui
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Fang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiafeng Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianqiang Song
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Ti Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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