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Wang X, Zhou J, Li X, Liu C, Liu L, Cui H. The Role of Macrophages in Lung Fibrosis and the Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:479-488. [PMID: 38536578 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a dysregulated repair process caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that can severely affect respiratory function. Macrophages are a group of immune cells that have multiple functions and can perform a variety of roles. Lung fibrosis develops with the involvement of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors secreted by macrophages. The balance between M1 and M2 macrophages has been proposed to play a role in determining the trend and severity of lung fibrosis. New avenues and concepts for preventing and treating lung fibrosis have emerged in recent years through research on mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes. The main topic of this essay is the impact that mitochondria, Gab proteins, and exosomes have on macrophage polarization. In addition, the potential of these factors as targets to enhance lung fibrosis is also explored. We have also collated the functions and mechanisms of signaling pathways associated with the regulation of macrophage polarization such as Notch, TGF-β/Smad, JAK-STAT and cGAS-STING. The goal of this article is to explain the potential benefits of focusing on macrophage polarization as a way to relieve lung fibrosis. We aspire to provide valuable insights that could lead to enhancements in the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxu Zhou
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Hong Cui
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Immune and Targeting Research on Common Allergic Diseases, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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2
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Perez-Favila A, Garza-Veloz I, Hernandez-Marquez LDS, Gutierrez-Vela EF, Flores-Morales V, Martinez-Fierro ML. Antifibrotic Drugs against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by COVID-19: Therapeutic Approaches and Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1562. [PMID: 38338840 PMCID: PMC10855955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the health and economy of the global population. Even after recovery from the disease, post-COVID-19 symptoms, such as pulmonary fibrosis, continue to be a concern. This narrative review aims to address pulmonary fibrosis (PF) from various perspectives, including the fibrotic mechanisms involved in idiopathic and COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis. On the other hand, we also discuss the current therapeutic drugs in use, as well as those undergoing clinical or preclinical evaluation. Additionally, this article will address various biomarkers with usefulness for PF prediction, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and severity assessment in order to provide better treatment strategies for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Doctorado en Ciencias con Orientación en Medicina Molecular, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y CS, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (A.P.-F.); (I.G.-V.); (L.d.S.H.-M.); (E.F.G.-V.); (V.F.-M.)
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3
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Gao X, Long R, Qin M, Zhu W, Wei L, Dong P, Chen J, Luo J, Feng J. Gab2 promotes the growth of colorectal cancer by regulating the M2 polarization of tumor‑associated macrophages. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:3. [PMID: 37937666 PMCID: PMC10688767 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor‑associated macrophages (TAMs) are pivotal components in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, markedly influencing the tumor microenvironment through their polarization into the pro‑inflammatory M1 or pro‑tumorigenic M2 phenotypes. Recent studies have highlighted that the Grb2‑associated binder 2 (Gab2) is a critical gene involved in the development of various types of tumor, including CRC. However, the precise role of Gab2 in mediating TAM polarization remains incompletely elucidated. In the present study, it was discovered that Gab2 was highly expressed within CRC tissue TAMs, and was associated with a poor prognosis of patients with CRC. Functionally, it was identified that the tumor‑conditioned medium (TCM) induced Gab2 expression, facilitating the TAMs towards an M2‑like phenotype polarization. Of note, the suppression of Gab2 expression using shRNA markedly inhibited the TCM‑induced expression of M2‑associated molecules, without affecting M1‑type markers. Furthermore, the xenotransplantation model demonstrated that Gab2 deficiency in TAMs inhibited tumor growth in the mouse model of CRC. Mechanistically, Gab2 induced the M2 polarization of TAMs by regulating the AKT and ERK signaling pathways, promoting CRC growth and metastasis. In summary, the present study study elucidates that decreasing Gab2 expression hinders the transition of TAMs towards the M2 phenotype, thereby suppressing the growth of CRC. The exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of Gab2 in TAM polarization may enhance the current understanding of the core molecular pathways of CRC development and may thus provide a foundation for the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies targeted against TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Gao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Runying Long
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P.R. China
| | - Ming Qin
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Wenfang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
| | - Linna Wei
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Pinzhi Dong
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Junmin Luo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy and Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jihong Feng
- Department of Oncology, Lishui People's Hospital, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, P.R. China
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4
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Liu X, Liu G, Tan Y, Liu P, Li L. Upregulation of miR-200a improves ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis via GAB1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Nefrologia 2023; 43 Suppl 2:21-31. [PMID: 37179212 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis is a basic pathological change of almost all chronic kidney disorders. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation play a crucial role in the process of fibrosis. METHODS Western blot and qRT-PCR were accomplished to analyze the expression levels of target proteins and genes, respectively. The fibrotic levels in the renal tissues of rats were confirmed utilizing Masson staining. Expression of ECM-related α-SMA in the renal tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry assay. The combination of GRB2 associated binding protein 1 (GAB1) and miR-200a was ensured by starBase database and luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Our data uncovered that miR-200a was downregulated, but GAB1 was upregulated in the renal tissues of the rat experienced unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Overexpression of miR-200a improved tissues fibrosis, suppressed GAB1 expression and ECM deposition, and inactivated Wnt/β-catenin in UUO rats. Moreover, miR-200a expression was inhibited, while GAB1 expression was facilitated in the TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. In TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells, miR-200a overexpression inhibited GAB1 expression, also declined ECM-related proteins and mesenchymal markers expression. Oppositely, miR-200a overexpression facilitated epithelial marker expression in the TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. Next, the data revealed that miR-200a inhibited GAB1 expression through binding to the mRNA 3'-UTR of GAB1. Increasing of GAB1 reversed the regulation of miR-200a to GAB1 expression, Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation, EMT and ECM accumulation. CONCLUSION Overall, miR-200a increasing improved renal fibrosis through attenuating EMT and ECM accumulation by limiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling via sponging GAB1, indicating miR-200a may be a promising objective for renal disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- XuKai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - GeXin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - YuZhen Tan
- Department of Emergency, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Le Li
- Department of Emergency, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 412007, Hunan Province, PR China.
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Perrot CY, Karampitsakos T, Herazo-Maya JD. Monocytes and macrophages: emerging mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets in pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1046-C1057. [PMID: 37694283 PMCID: PMC10635664 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00302.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis results from a plethora of abnormal pathogenetic events. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), inhalational, environmental, or occupational exposures in genetically and epigenetically predisposed individuals trigger recurrent cycles of alveolar epithelial cell injury, activation of coagulation pathways, chemoattraction, and differentiation of monocytes into monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs). When these events happen intermittently and repeatedly throughout the individual's life cycle, the wound repair process becomes aberrant leading to bronchiolization of distal air spaces, fibroblast accumulation, extracellular matrix deposition, and loss of the alveolar-capillary architecture. The role of immune dysregulation in IPF pathogenesis and progression has been underscored in the past mainly after the disappointing results of immunosuppressant use in IPF patients; however, recent reports highlighting the prognostic and mechanistic roles of monocytes and Mo-AMs revived the interest in immune dysregulation in IPF. In this review, we will discuss the role of these cells in the onset and progression of IPF, as well as potential targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Y Perrot
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Theodoros Karampitsakos
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Jose D Herazo-Maya
- Ubben Center for Pulmonary Fibrosis Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
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6
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Tseng CC, Sung YW, Chen KY, Wang PY, Yen CY, Sung WY, Wu CC, Ou TT, Tsai WC, Liao WT, Chen CJ, Lee SC, Chang SJ, Yen JH. The Role of Macrophages in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Focusing on Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11995. [PMID: 37569370 PMCID: PMC10419312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a severe manifestation of CTD that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Clinically, ILD can occur in diverse CTDs. Pathologically, CTD-ILD is characterized by various histologic patterns, such as nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, and usual interstitial pneumonia. Abnormal immune system responses have traditionally been instrumental in its pathophysiology, and various changes in immune cells have been described, especially in macrophages. This article first briefly overviews the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, impacts, and histopathologic changes associated with CTD-ILD. Next, it summarizes the roles of various signaling pathways in macrophages or products of macrophages in ILD, helped by insights gained from animal models. In the following sections, this review returns to studies of macrophages in CTD-ILD in humans for an overall picture of the current understanding. Finally, we direct attention to potential therapies targeting macrophages in CTD-ILD in investigation or in clinical trials, as well as the future directions regarding macrophages in the context of CTD-ILD. Although the field of macrophages in CTD-ILD is still in its infancy, several lines of evidence suggest the potential of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Sung
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yi Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Yen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Sung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Teng Ou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chan Tsai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chen Lee
- Laboratory Diagnosis of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Jen Chang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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7
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Wang R, Wang H, Mu J, Yuan H, Pang Y, Wang Y, Du Y, Han F. Molecular events in the jaw vascular unit: A traditional review of the mechanisms involved in inflammatory jaw bone diseases. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:313-325. [PMID: 37226540 PMCID: PMC10541772 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory jaw bone diseases are common in stomatology, including periodontitis, peri-implantitis, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, radiation osteomyelitis of the jaw, age-related osteoporosis, and other specific infections. These diseases may lead to tooth loss and maxillofacial deformities, severely affecting patients' quality of life. Over the years, the reconstruction of jaw bone deficiency caused by inflammatory diseases has emerged as a medical and socioeconomic challenge. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases associated with jaw bones is crucial for improving prognosis and developing new targeted therapies. Accumulating evidence indicates that the integrated bone formation and dysfunction arise from complex interactions among a network of multiple cell types, including osteoblast-associated cells, immune cells, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. However, the role of these different cells in the inflammatory process and the 'rules' with which they interact are still not fully understood. Although many investigations have focused on specific pathological processes and molecular events in inflammatory jaw diseases, few articles offer a perspective of integration. Here, we review the changes and mechanisms of various cell types in inflammatory jaw diseases, with the hope of providing insights to drive future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Junyu Mu
- International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yongchu Pang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Feng Han
- International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Xu J, Li S, Jin W, Zhou H, Zhong T, Cheng X, Fu Y, Xiao P, Cheng H, Wang D, Ke Y, Jiang Z, Zhang X. Epithelial Gab1 calibrates RIPK3-dependent necroptosis to prevent intestinal inflammation. JCI Insight 2023; 8:162701. [PMID: 36795486 PMCID: PMC10070107 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), elevated intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death compromises the gut barrier, activating the inflammatory response and triggering more IEC death. However, the precise intracellular machinery that prevents IEC death and breaks this vicious feedback cycle remains largely unknown. Here, we report that Grb2-associated binder 1 (Gab1) expression is decreased in patients with IBD and inversely correlated with IBD severity. Gab1 deficiency in IECs accounted for the exacerbated colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate owing to sensitizing IECs to receptor-interaction protein kinase 3-mediated (RIPK3-mediated) necroptosis, which irreversibly disrupted the homeostasis of the epithelial barrier and promoted intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, Gab1 negatively regulated necroptosis signaling through inhibiting the formation of RIPK1/RIPK3 complex in response to TNF-α. Importantly, administration of RIPK3 inhibitor revealed a curative effect in epithelial Gab1-deficient mice. Further analysis indicated mice with Gab1 deletion were prone to inflammation-associated colorectal tumorigenesis. Collectively, our study defines a protective role for Gab1 in colitis and colitis-driven colorectal cancer by negatively regulating RIPK3-dependent necroptosis, which may serve as an important target to address necroptosis and intestinal inflammation-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | - Shihao Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of General Surgery and
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | | | | | - Yujuan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Cardiology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital; and
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
| | | | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital
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Bao X, Liu B, Jiang Y, Feng T, Cao W, Shi J, Jiang Y, Chen X, Yang J, Li J, Zhou Z. Loss of SENP3 mediated the formation of nasal polyps in nasal mucosal inflammation by increasing alternative activated macrophage. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e781. [PMID: 36840491 PMCID: PMC9910171 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease (SENP)3 is a protease molecule that responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) with high sensitivity. However, the role of ROS and SENP3 in the formation of nasal polyps (NPs) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore how SENP3 influenced the outcome of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) by altering macrophage function, that is, the formation of NPs. METHODS The alternative activation of macrophage (M2) was detected with CD68+ CD206+ in humans and CD206+ in mice. The nasal mucosa of patients with CRS was tested using flow cytometry (CD68, CD80, and CD206) and triple-color immunofluorescence staining (CD68, CD206, and SENP3). The bone marrow-derived macrophages from SENP3 knockout and control mice were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 to analyze alternative macrophage polarization in vitro. An animal model of allergic rhinitis was constructed using SENP3 knockout mice. CD206 was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The thickening of eosinophil-infiltrated mucosa was detected by Luna staining. RESULTS The number of CD68+ CD206+ M2 increased in the nasal mucosa of patients with CRS with NP (CRSwNP) compared with patients with CRS without NP (CRSsNP), but with no significant difference between the groups. SENP3 knockout increased the polarization of F4/80+ CD206+ M2. Meanwhile, the number of CD206+ M2 significantly increased in the allergic rhinitis model constructed using SENP3 knockout mice and controls, with a more obvious proliferation of the nasal mucosa. CONCLUSION Downregulation of SENP3 promotes the formation of nasal polyps mediated by increasing alternative activated macrophage in nasal mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Bao
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bin Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yongquan Jiang
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tingting Feng
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wanxin Cao
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiali Shi
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Anesthesia Department of Shanghai International Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Jie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiping Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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10
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Xu Y, Qian W, Huang L, Wen W, Li Y, Guo F, Zhu Z, Li Z, Gong J, Yu Z, Zhou Y, Lu N, Zhu W, Guo Z. Crohn's disease-associated AIEC inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell-derived exosomal let-7b expression regulates macrophage polarization to exacerbate intestinal fibrosis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2193115. [PMID: 36945126 PMCID: PMC10038049 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2193115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) and intestinal macrophages is implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). However, its role in intestinal fibrogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In addition, miRNAs such as let-7b may participate in AIEC-macrophage interactions. In this study, we identified that the colonization of AIEC in the ileum was associated with enhanced intestinal fibrosis and reduced let-7b expression by enrolling a prospective cohort of CD patients undergoing ileocolectomy. Besides, AIEC-infected IL-10-/- mice presented more severe intestinal fibrosis and could be improved by exogenous let-7b. Mechanistically, intestinal macrophages were found to be the main target of let-7b. Transferring let-7b-overexpressing macrophages to AIEC-infected IL-10-/- mice significantly alleviated intestinal fibrosis. In vitro, AIEC suppressed exosomal let-7b derived from intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), instead of the direct inhibition of let-7b in macrophages, to promote macrophages to a fibrotic phenotype. Finally, TGFβR1 was identified as one target of let-7b that regulates macrophage polarization. Overall, the results of our work indicate that AIEC is associated with enhanced intestinal fibrosis in CD. AIEC could inhibit exosomal let-7b from IECs to promote intestinal macrophages to a fibrotic phenotype and then contributed to fibrogenesis. Thus, anti-AIEC or let-7b therapy may serve as novel therapeutic approaches to ameliorate intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwei Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangyu Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feilong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zeqian Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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11
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van Gijsel-Bonnello M, Darling NJ, Tanaka T, Di Carmine S, Marchesi F, Thomson S, Clark K, Kurowska-Stolarska M, McSorley HJ, Cohen P, Arthur JSC. Salt-inducible kinase 2 regulates fibrosis during bleomycin-induced lung injury. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102644. [PMID: 36309093 PMCID: PMC9706632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and normally fatal disease with limited treatment options. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib has recently been approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and its effectiveness has been linked to its ability to inhibit a number of receptor tyrosine kinases including the platelet-derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor receptors. We show here that nintedanib also inhibits salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2), with a similar IC50 to its reported tyrosine kinase targets. Nintedanib also inhibited the related kinases SIK1 and SIK3, although with 12-fold and 72-fold higher IC50s, respectively. To investigate if the inhibition of SIK2 may contribute to the effectiveness of nintedanib in treating lung fibrosis, mice with kinase-inactive knockin mutations were tested using a model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. We found that loss of SIK2 activity protects against bleomycin-induced fibrosis, as judged by collagen deposition and histological scoring. Loss of both SIK1 and SIK2 activity had a similar effect to loss of SIK2 activity. Total SIK3 knockout mice have a developmental phenotype making them unsuitable for analysis in this model; however, we determined that conditional knockout of SIK3 in the immune system did not affect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Together, these results suggest that SIK2 is a potential drug target for the treatment of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel van Gijsel-Bonnello
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J Darling
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Research Centre of Specialty, Ono Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Samuele Di Carmine
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Thomson
- Biological Services, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Kristopher Clark
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Henry J McSorley
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Cohen
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - J Simon C Arthur
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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12
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Dong T, Chen X, Xu H, Song Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Wang J, Du R, Lou H, Dong T. Mitochondrial metabolism mediated macrophage polarization in chronic lung diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Jiang W, Ma C, Bai J, Du X. Macrophage SAMSN1 protects against sepsis-induced acute lung injury in mice. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102432. [PMID: 35981417 PMCID: PMC9418554 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the progression of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). SAM domain, SH3 domain and nuclear localization signals 1 (SAMSN1) is a signaling adaptor protein, and mainly regulates inflammatory response of various immune cells. The present study generates macrophage-specific SAMSN1-knockout (Samsn1MKO) and SAMSN1-transgenic (Samsn1MTG) mice to investigate its role and mechanism in sepsis-induced ALI. METHODS Samsn1MKO and Samsn1MTG mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery to induce sepsis-induced ALI. Bone marrow transplantation, cellular depletion and non-invasive adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were performed to validate the role of macrophage SAMSN1 in sepsis-induced ALI in vivo. Meanwhile, BMDMs were isolated from Samsn1MKO or Samsn1MTG mice to further clarify the role of SAMSN1 in vitro. RESULTS Macrophage SAMSN1 expression was increased in response to LPS stimulation, and negatively correlated with LPS-induced ALI in mice. Macrophage SAMSN1 deficiency exacerbated, while macrophage SAMSN1 overexpression ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and ALI in mice and in BMDMs. Mechanistically, we found that macrophage SAMSN1 overexpression prevented LPS-induced ALI though activating AMP-activated protein kinase α2 (AMPKα2) in vivo and in vitro. Further studies revealed that SAMSN1 directly bound to growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1 (GAB1) to prevent its protein degradation, and subsequently enhanced protein kinase A (PKA)/AMPKα2 activation in a protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11, also known as SHP2)-dependent manner. Moreover, we observed that macrophage SAMSN1 overexpression diminished CLP-induced ALI in mice. CONCLUSION Our study documents the protective role of macrophage SAMSN1 against sepsis-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and ALI through activating AMPKα2 in a GAB1/SHP2/PKA pathway, and defines it as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target to treat sepsis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chengtai Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawei Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianjin Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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14
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Chung EJ, Kwon S, Shankavaram U, White AO, Das S, Citrin DE. Natural variation in macrophage polarization and function impact pneumocyte senescence and susceptibility to fibrosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7692-7717. [PMID: 36173617 PMCID: PMC9596223 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF), a late adverse event of radiation therapy, is characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, progressive loss of alveolar structure, secondary to the loss of pneumocytes and accumulation of collagenous extracellular matrix, and senescence of alveolar stem cells. Differential susceptibility to lung injury from radiation and other toxic insults across mouse strains is well described but poorly understood. The accumulation of alternatively activated macrophages (M2) has previously been implicated in the progression of lung fibrosis. Using fibrosis prone strain (C57L), a fibrosis-resistant strain (C3H/HeN), and a strain with intermediate susceptibility (C57BL6/J), we demonstrate that the accumulation of M2 macrophages correlates with the manifestation of fibrosis. A comparison of primary macrophages derived from each strain identified phenotypic and functional differences, including differential expression of NADPH Oxidase 2 and production of superoxide in response to M2 polarization and activation. Further, the sensitivity of primary AECII to senescence after coculture with M2 macrophages was strain dependent and correlated to observations of sensitivity to fibrosis and senescence in vivo. Taken together, these data support that the relative susceptibility of different strains to RIPF is closely related to distinct senescence responses induced through pulmonary M2 macrophages after thoracic irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Chung
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seokjoo Kwon
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ayla O White
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shaoli Das
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deborah E Citrin
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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15
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Liver-specific overexpression of Gab2 accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating immunosuppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Oncogene 2022; 41:3316-3327. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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16
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Song P, Xu H, He Y, Sun J, Xu Z, Huang P, Ge M, Zhang X, Ke Y, Cheng H. GAB1 is upregulated to promote anaplastic thyroid cancer cell migration through AKT-MDR1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 607:36-43. [PMID: 35366541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represents an undifferentiated, aggressive and highly metastatic form of thyroid cancer with high mortality. GAB1, through direct interaction with the kinase PI3K and phosphatase SHP2, is tightly involved in the activation of oncogenic signals; however, the role of GAB1 in ATC remains unclear. GAB1 was significantly increased in ATC, accompanied with AKT activation. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were impaired or enhanced by GAB1 knockdown in ATC cells or overexpression in PTC cells. Moreover, GAB1 knockdown in ATC cells inhibited and overexpression in PTC cells promoted the growth of thyroid cancer in nude mice. GAB1 mutation disrupting the interaction between GAB1 and PI3K failed to restore cell migration and invasion in GAB1-knockdown ATC cells. RNA sequencing data showed GAB1-knockdown partially reprogramed gene expression in ATC cells back to that in normal thyroid cells. MDR1 was transcriptionally regulated by GAB1, which was mediated by AKT. MDR1 was upregulated in ATC cells and MDR1 knockdown in ATC cells decreased migration and invasion. In addition, MDR1 overexpression restored cell migration and invasion and lung metastasis of GAB1-knockdown ATC cells. Collectively, GAB1 is upregulated in ATC to promote AKT activation and cellular migration and invasion through regulating MDR1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Song
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanzhi Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; ENT-Head and Neck Surgery Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongqiang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Endothelial Shp2 deficiency controls alternative activation of macrophage preventing radiation-induced lung injury through Notch signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103867. [PMID: 35243230 PMCID: PMC8859005 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is a common late side effect of thoracic radiotherapy. Endothelial dysfunction following leukocytes infiltration is a prominent feature in this process. Here, we established a clinical-mimicking mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury and found the activity of phosphatase Shp2 was elevated in endothelium after injury. Endothelium-specific Shp2 deletion mice showed relieved collagen deposition along with disrupted radiation-induced Jag1 expression in the endothelium. Furthermore, endothelium-derived Jag1 activated the alternative activation of macrophages in vitro and in vivo by paracrine Notch signaling. Consistently, the Notch pathway was significantly activated by chest irradiation in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with cancer. Collectively, our work demonstrates that Shp2 participates in the radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction and subsequently inflammatory microenvironment producing during radiation-induced lung injury. Our findings indicate Shp2 as a potential target for radiation-induced lung injury and provide another way for endothelium to participate in the pathological process of radiation-induced lung injury. Phosphatase activity of endothelial Shp2 is elevated by irradiation in vitro and in vivo Radiation-induced Jag1 is blocked in Shp2-deficient endothelium Loss of Shp2 in endothelium relieves radiation-induced pulmonary injury Shp2-deficient endothelium restrains macrophage activation via Notch signaling
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18
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Ding Y, Zhang D, Wang S, Zhang X, Yang J. Hematogenous Macrophages: A New Therapeutic Target for Spinal Cord Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:767888. [PMID: 34901013 PMCID: PMC8653770 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.767888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease leading to loss of sensory and motor functions, whose pathological process includes mechanical primary injury and secondary injury. Macrophages play an important role in SCI pathology. According to its origin, it can be divided into resident microglia and peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (hematogenous Mφ). And it can also be divided into M1-type macrophages and M2-type macrophages on the basis of its functional characteristics. Hematogenous macrophages may contribute to the SCI process through infiltrating, scar forming, phagocytizing debris, and inducing inflammatory response. Although some of the activities of hematogenous macrophages are shown to be beneficial, the role of hematogenous macrophages in SCI remains controversial. In this review, following a brief introduction of hematogenous macrophages, we mainly focus on the function and the controversial role of hematogenous macrophages in SCI, and we propose that hematogenous macrophages may be a new therapeutic target for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhe Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China.,Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingquan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Wenzhou, China
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19
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Sun X, Gao J, Meng X, Lu X, Zhang L, Chen R. Polarized Macrophages in Periodontitis: Characteristics, Function, and Molecular Signaling. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763334. [PMID: 34950140 PMCID: PMC8688840 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is a common chronic infectious disease. The local inflammatory response in the host may cause the destruction of supporting periodontal tissue. Macrophages play a variety of roles in PD, including regulatory and phagocytosis. Moreover, under the induction of different factors, macrophages polarize and form different functional phenotypes. Among them, M1-type macrophages with proinflammatory functions and M2-type macrophages with anti-inflammatory functions are the most representative, and both of them can regulate the tendency of the immune system to exert proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions. M1 and M2 macrophages are involved in the destructive and reparative stages of PD. Due to the complex microenvironment of PD, the dynamic development of PD, and various local mediators, increasing attention has been given to the study of macrophage polarization in PD. This review summarizes the role of macrophage polarization in the development of PD and its research progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang, ; Xiaoyu Sun,
| | | | | | | | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Department of Periodontology, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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20
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Wang C, Cui A, Bukenya M, Aung A, Pradhan D, Whittaker CA, Agarwal Y, Thomas A, Liang S, Amlashi P, Suh H, Spranger S, Hacohen N, Irvine DJ. Reprogramming NK cells and macrophages via combined antibody and cytokine therapy primes tumors for elimination by checkpoint blockade. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110021. [PMID: 34818534 PMCID: PMC8653865 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments aiming to augment immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer often focus on T cell immunity, but innate immune cells may have important roles to play. Here, we demonstrate a single-dose combination treatment (termed AIP) using a pan-tumor-targeting antibody surrogate, half-life-extended interleukin-2 (IL-2), and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), which primes tumors to respond to subsequent ICB and promotes rejection of large established tumors in mice. Natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages activated by AIP treatment underwent transcriptional reprogramming; rapidly killed cancer cells; governed the recruitment of cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) and other leukocytes; and induced normalization of the tumor vasculature, facilitating further immune infiltration. Thus, innate cell-activating therapies can initiate critical steps leading to a self-sustaining cycle of T cell priming driven by ICB. Wang et al. report an immune priming therapy based on a single dose of anti-tumor antibodies, IL-2, and anti-PD-1, which engages natural killer cells and macrophages, promotes lymphocyte recruitment and activation, and elicits vascular normalization. This priming strategy allows subsequent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) to eradicate large, established tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensu Wang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ang Cui
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maurice Bukenya
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aereas Aung
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dikshant Pradhan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles A Whittaker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yash Agarwal
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayush Thomas
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Simon Liang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Parastoo Amlashi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Heikyung Suh
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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21
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Shi L, Kidder K, Bian Z, Chiang SKT, Ouellette C, Liu Y. SIRPα sequesters SHP-2 to promote IL-4 and IL-13 signaling and the alternative activation of macrophages. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabb3966. [PMID: 34582250 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abb3966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Koby Kidder
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Zhen Bian
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Samantha Kuon Ting Chiang
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Corbett Ouellette
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.,Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Program of Immunology and Molecular Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.,Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
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22
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Kishore A, Petrek M. Roles of Macrophage Polarization and Macrophage-Derived miRNAs in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678457. [PMID: 34489932 PMCID: PMC8417529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review summarizes the current evidence for the role of macrophage activation and polarization in inflammation and immune response pertinent to interstitial lung disease, specifically pulmonary fibrosis. In the fibrosing lung, the production and function of inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators involved in the disease development have been reported to be regulated by the effects of polarized M1/M2 macrophage populations. The M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypes were suggested to correspond with the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic signatures, respectively. These responses towards tissue injury followed by the development and progression of lung fibrosis are further regulated by macrophage-derived microRNAs (miRNAs). Besides cellular miRNAs, extracellular exosomal-miRNAs derived from M2 macrophages have also been proposed to promote the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. In a future perspective, harnessing the noncoding miRNAs with a key role in the macrophage polarization is, therefore, suggested as a promising therapeutic strategy for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kishore
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia.,Accuscript Consultancy, Ludhiana, India
| | - Martin Petrek
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia.,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia.,Departments of Experimental Medicine, and Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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23
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Scaffolding protein Gab2 is involved in postnatal development and lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of microglia in the mouse brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 567:112-117. [PMID: 34146905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Grb2-associated-binding protein-2 (Gab2) is a member of the Gab/DOS family and functions as an adapter protein downstream of several growth factor signaling pathways. Gab2 is considered an Alzheimer's disease susceptibility gene. However, the role of Gab2 in the brain is still largely unknown. Herein, we report that Gab2 is involved in the postnatal development of microglia in mice. The Gab2 expression in the brain was detected at postnatal day 1 (P1) and increased until P14 but decreased thereafter. The tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab2 (pGab2) was also detected at P1 and increased until P14. Next, we focused on microglial development in Gab2 knockout and heterozygous mice. Although differences were not detected in the cytoplasmic area of Iba1-labeled microglia between Gab2(±) and Gab2(-/-) mice, the analysis of CD68 and cathepsin D (indicators of microglial lysosomal activation) immunolabeling within Iba1+ cells revealed significant underdevelopment of microglial lysosomes in Gab2(-/-) mice at P60. In addition to the developmental abnormality of microglia in Gab2(-/-) mice, lipopolysaccharide-induced lysosomal activation was selectively suppressed in Gab2(-/-) mice compared to that in Gab2(±) mice. Our findings suggest that Gab2 is involved not only in postnatal development but also in lysosomal activation of microglia, therefore Gab2 dysfunction in microglia might potentially contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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24
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Bai JY, Li Y, Xue GH, Li KR, Zheng YF, Zhang ZQ, Jiang Q, Liu YY, Zhou XZ, Cao C. Requirement of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in interleukin-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response. Theranostics 2021; 11:4894-4909. [PMID: 33754034 PMCID: PMC7978294 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-4 induces Akt activation in macrophages, required for full M2 (alternative) polarization. We examined the roles of Gαi1 and Gαi3 in M2 polarization using multiple genetic methods. Methods and Results: In MEFs and primary murine BMDMs, Gαi1/3 shRNA, knockout or dominant negative mutations attenuated IL-4-induced IL4Rα endocytosis, Gab1 recruitment as well as Akt activation, leaving STAT6 signaling unaffected. Following IL-4 stimulation, Gαi1/3 proteins associated with the intracellular domain of IL-4Rα and the APPL1 adaptor, to mediate IL-4Rα endosomal traffic and Gab1-Akt activation in BMDMs. In contrast, gene silencing of Gαi1/3 with shRNA or knockout resulted in BMDMs that were refractory to IL-4-induced M2 polarization. Conversely, Gαi1/3-overexpressed BMDMs displayed preferred M2 response with IL-4 stimulation. In primary human macrophages IL-4-induced Akt activation and Th2 genes expression were inhibited with Gαi1/3 silencing, but augmented with Gαi1/3 overexpression. In Gαi1/3 double knockout (DKO) mice, M2 polarization, by injection of IL-4 complex or chitin, was potently inhibited. Moreover, in a murine model of asthma, ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness were largely impaired in Gαi1/3 DKO mice. Conclusion: These findings highlight novel and essential roles for Gαi1/3 in regulating IL-4-induced signaling, macrophage M2 polarization and allergic asthma response.
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25
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Wang X, Zhao Y, Zhou D, Tian Y, Feng G, Lu Z. Gab2 deficiency suppresses high-fat diet-induced obesity by reducing adipose tissue inflammation and increasing brown adipose function in mice. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:212. [PMID: 33637697 PMCID: PMC7910586 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake and consumption and is regulated by multiple signals. This study investigated the effect of signaling scaffolding protein Gab2 on obesity and its relevant regulation mechanism. Gab2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. The results showed that the a high-fat diet-induced Gab2 expression in adipose tissues, but deletion of Gab2 attenuated weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in mice fed with a high-fat diet. White adipose tissue and systemic inflammations were reduced in HFD-fed Gab2 deficiency mice. Gab2 deficiency increased the expression of Ucp1 and other thermogenic genes in brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, the regulation of Gab2 on the mature differentiation and function of adipocytes was investigated in vitro using primary or immortalized brown preadipocytes. The expression of brown fat-selective genes was found to be elevated in differentiated adipocytes without Gab2. The mechanism of Gab2 regulating Ucp1 expression in brown adipocytes involved with its downstream PI3K (p85)-Akt-FoxO1 signaling pathway. Our research suggests that deletion of Gab2 suppresses diet-induced obesity by multiple pathways and Gab2 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and associated complications.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/deficiency
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/physiopathology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/physiopathology
- Adiposity
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Disease Models, Animal
- Energy Metabolism
- Forkhead Box Protein O1/metabolism
- Insulin Resistance
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Panniculitis/genetics
- Panniculitis/metabolism
- Panniculitis/physiopathology
- Panniculitis/prevention & control
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
- Weight Gain
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dekun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingpu Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gensheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhongxian Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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26
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Cheng P, Li S, Chen H. Macrophages in Lung Injury, Repair, and Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020436. [PMID: 33670759 PMCID: PMC7923175 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange, respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of lung fibroblasts, persistent alveolar injury and incomplete repair are the driving factors of lung fibrotic response. Macrophages are activated and polarized in response to lipopolysaccharide- or bleomycin-induced lung injury. The classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2) have been extensively investigated in lung injury, repair, and fibrosis. In the present review, we summarized the current data on monocyte-derived macrophages that are recruited to the lung, as well as alveolar resident macrophages and their polarization, pyroptosis, and phagocytosis in acute lung injury (ALI). Additionally, we described how macrophages interact with lung epithelial cells during lung repair. Finally, we emphasized the role of macrophage polarization in the pulmonary fibrotic response, and elucidated the potential benefits of targeting macrophage in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyong Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Shuangyan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300350, China;
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence:
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27
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Shi X, Liu Q, Zhao H, Lu J, Huang Y, Ma Y, Xia J, Liu M, Tu W, Jin L, Wang J, Zhao Y, Wu W. Increased expression of GAB1 promotes inflammation and fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 28:1313-1320. [PMID: 31505074 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease mainly characterized by persistent inflammation and fibrosis. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signal pathway plays an important role in the process of SSc, and Grb2-associated binding protein (GAB) is crucial in activating RTK signalling. A previous study found elevated levels of GAB1 in bleomycin (BLM)-induced fibrotic lungs, but the effects of GAB1 in SSc remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate whether GAB1 was dysregulated and its potential role in SSc. Compared with healthy donors, we found GAB1 expression was 1.6-fold higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), 2.5-fold higher in CD4 + T cells, and 2-fold higher in skin from of SSc patients (P < .01). At the same time, the levels of type one collagen (COLI) were also significantly increased (1.8-fold higher) in SSc skin. Additionally, BLM-induced SSc mice showed mRNA levels of Gab1 2-fold higher than saline-treated controls, and Gab1 expression correlated positively with collagen content. A further in vitro study showed silencing of GAB1 suppressed inflammatory gene expression in TNF-α induced fibroblasts. Additionally, GAB1 deficiency prominently inhibited cell proliferation and reduced COLI protein levels in TGF-β induced fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that GAB1 has a relatively high expression rate in SSc, and knockdown of GAB1 may attenuate SSc by stimulating inflammatory and fibrotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengguo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Tu
- Division of Rheumatology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhuan Zhao
- Division of Rheumatology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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28
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Li X, Zhang W, Cao Q, Wang Z, Zhao M, Xu L, Zhuang Q. Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibrotic diseases. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:80. [PMID: 32963808 PMCID: PMC7474731 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fibrosis is a common pathological feature of most end-stage organ diseases, its pathogenesis remains unclear. There is growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the development and progression of fibrosis. The heart, liver, kidney and lung are highly oxygen-consuming organs that are sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the fibrotic process of skin and islet is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction as well. This review summarized emerging mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction in different fibrotic organs and tissues above. First, it highlighted the important elucidation of mitochondria morphological changes, mitochondrial membrane potential and structural damage, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and reactive oxidative species (ROS) production, etc. Second, it introduced the abnormality of mitophagy and mitochondrial transfer also contributed to the fibrotic process. Therefore, with gaining the increasing knowledge of mitochondrial structure, function, and origin, we could kindle a new era for the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of many fibrotic diseases based on mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Qingtai Cao
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Pediatric Department of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Linyong Xu
- School of Life Science, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
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29
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Hong YQ, Wan B, Li XF. Macrophage regulation of graft- vs-host disease. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:1793-1805. [PMID: 32518770 PMCID: PMC7262718 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i10.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become a curative choice of many hematopoietic malignancy, but graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) has limited the survival quality and overall survival of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Understanding of the immune cells’ reaction in pathophysiology of GVHD has improved, but a review on the role of macrophages in GVHD is still absent. Studies have observed that macrophage infiltration is associated with GVHD occurrence and development. In this review, we summarize and analyze the role of macrophages in GVHD based on pathophysiology of acute and chronic GVHD, focusing on the macrophage recruitment and infiltration, macrophage polarization, macrophage secretion, and especially interaction of macrophages with other immune cells. We could conclude that macrophage recruitment and infiltration contribute to both acute and chronic GVHD. Based on distinguishing pathology of acute and chronic GVHD, macrophages tend to show a higher M1/M2 ratio in acute GVHD and a lower M1/M2 ratio in chronic GVHD. However, the influence of dominant cytokines in GVHD is controversial and inconsistent with macrophage polarization. In addition, interaction of macrophages with alloreactive T cells plays an important role in acute GVHD. Meanwhile, the interaction among macrophages, B cells, fibroblasts, and CD4+ T cells participates in chronic GVHD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Hong
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bo Wan
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Fan Li
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Department of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
- INSERM U1160, Hospital Saint Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris 94430, France
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30
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Otoupalova E, Smith S, Cheng G, Thannickal VJ. Oxidative Stress in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Compr Physiol 2020; 10:509-547. [PMID: 32163196 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been linked to various disease states as well as physiological aging. The lungs are uniquely exposed to a highly oxidizing environment and have evolved several mechanisms to attenuate oxidative stress. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive age-related disorder that leads to architectural remodeling, impaired gas exchange, respiratory failure, and death. In this article, we discuss cellular sources of oxidant production, and antioxidant defenses, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic. We outline the current understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF and how oxidative stress contributes to fibrosis. Further, we link oxidative stress to the biology of aging that involves DNA damage responses, loss of proteostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. We discuss the recent findings on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in specific fibrotic processes such as macrophage polarization and immunosenescence, alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and senescence, myofibroblast differentiation and senescence, and alterations in the acellular extracellular matrix. Finally, we provide an overview of the current preclinical studies and clinical trials targeting oxidative stress in fibrosis and potential new strategies for future therapeutic interventions. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:509-547, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Otoupalova
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sam Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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31
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Zhou L, Shao CY, Xie YJ, Wang N, Xu SM, Luo BY, Wu ZY, Ke YH, Qiu M, Shen Y. Gab1 mediates PDGF signaling and is essential to oligodendrocyte differentiation and CNS myelination. eLife 2020; 9:52056. [PMID: 31944179 PMCID: PMC6984811 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) myelinate axons and provide electrical insulation and trophic support for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is critical for steady-state number and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but its downstream targets are unclear. Here, we show for the first time that Gab1, an adaptor protein of receptor tyrosine kinase, is specifically expressed in OL lineage cells and is an essential effector of PDGF signaling in OPCs in mice. Gab1 is downregulated by PDGF stimulation and upregulated during OPC differentiation. Conditional deletions of Gab1 in OLs cause CNS hypomyelination by affecting OPC differentiation. Moreover, Gab1 binds to downstream GSK3β and regulated its activity, and thereby affects the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and the expression of a number of transcription factors critical to myelination. Our work uncovers a novel downstream target of PDGF signaling, which is essential to OPC differentiation and CNS myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Guizhou Institution of Higher Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chong-Yu Shao
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Xie
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si-Min Xu
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ben-Yan Luo
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Hai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Physiology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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32
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PP2ACα of Alveolar Macrophages Is a Novel Protective Factor for LPS-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Inflammation 2019; 42:1004-1014. [PMID: 30684253 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one main serine/threonine phosphatase in eukaryotes, and its activation changes have been linked to modulation of numerous pathological processes, such as cancer, inflammation, fibrosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the major cause of respiratory failure, remains with limited therapies available up to now. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are essential to innate immunity and host defense, participating in the pathogenesis of ARDS. As a result, AMs are considered as a potential therapeutic target for ARDS. In our study, we firstly found that PP2A activity was significantly decreased in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated AMs. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of AMs with enhanced PP2A enzyme activity that was improved by C2-ceramide prior to LPS exposure alleviated acute lung inflammation. Conversely, AM-specific ablation of PP2ACα exacerbated inflammatory responses to LPS. Mechanistically, PP2ACα negatively regulates LPS-induced cytokine secretion of AMs by NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Together, these findings provide the evidence to guide the development of novel therapeutic options targeting PP2ACα for ARDS/acute lung injury.
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33
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Wan J, Cai W, Wang H, Cheng J, Su Z, Wang S, Xu H. Role of type 2 innate lymphoid cell and its related cytokines in tumor immunity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3249-3257. [PMID: 31625163 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wan
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Huixuan Wang
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- The Central Laboratory The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
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Wang Z, Vaughan TY, Zhu W, Chen Y, Fu G, Medrzycki M, Nishio H, Bunting ST, Hankey-Giblin PA, Nusrat A, Parkos CA, Wang D, Wen R, Bunting KD. Gab2 and Gab3 Redundantly Suppress Colitis by Modulating Macrophage and CD8 + T-Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:486. [PMID: 30936879 PMCID: PMC6431666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a multi-factorial chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract prognostically linked to CD8+ T-cells, but little is known about their mechanism of activation during initiation of colitis. Here, Grb2-associated binding 2/3 adaptor protein double knockout mice (Gab2/3−/−) were generated. Gab2/3−/− mice, but not single knockout mice, developed spontaneous colitis. To analyze the cellular mechanism, reciprocal bone marrow (BM) transplantation demonstrated a Gab2/3−/− hematopoietic disease-initiating process. Adoptive transfer showed individual roles for macrophages and T-cells in promoting colitis development in vivo. In spontaneous disease, intestinal intraepithelial CD8+ but much fewer CD4+, T-cells from Gab2/3−/− mice with rectal prolapse were more proliferative. To analyze the molecular mechanism, reduced PI3-kinase/Akt/mTORC1 was observed in macrophages and T-cells, with interleukin (IL)-2 stimulated T-cells showing increased pSTAT5. These results illustrate the importance of Gab2/3 collectively in signaling responses required to control macrophage and CD8+ T-cell activation and suppress chronic colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Wang
- Division of Hem/Onc/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tamisha Y Vaughan
- Division of Hem/Onc/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wandi Zhu
- Division of Hem/Onc/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yuhong Chen
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Guoping Fu
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Magdalena Medrzycki
- Division of Hem/Onc/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hikaru Nishio
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Silvia T Bunting
- Department of Pathology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Pamela A Hankey-Giblin
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Demin Wang
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Renren Wen
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Kevin D Bunting
- Division of Hem/Onc/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Deregulated Gab2 phosphorylation mediates aberrant AKT and STAT3 signaling upon PIK3R1 loss in ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:716. [PMID: 30755611 PMCID: PMC6372715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Copy number loss of PIK3R1 (p85α) most commonly occurs in ovarian cancer among all cancer types. Here we report that ovarian cancer cells manifest a spectrum of tumorigenic phenotypes upon knockdown of PIK3R1. PIK3R1 loss activates AKT and p110-independent JAK2/STAT3 signaling through inducing changes in the phosphorylation of the docking protein Gab2, thereby relieving the negative inhibition on AKT and promoting the assembly of JAK2/STAT3 signalosome, respectively. Additional mechanisms leading to AKT activation include enhanced p110α kinase activity and a decrease in PTEN level. PIK3R1 loss renders ovarian cancer cells vulnerable to inhibition of AKT or JAK2/STAT3. The combination of AKT and STAT3 inhibitors significantly increases the anti-tumor effect compared to single-agent treatments. Together, our findings provide a rationale for mechanism-based therapeutic approach that targets tumors with loss of PIK3R1.
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Orecchioni M, Ghosheh Y, Pramod AB, Ley K. Macrophage Polarization: Different Gene Signatures in M1(LPS+) vs. Classically and M2(LPS-) vs. Alternatively Activated Macrophages. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1084. [PMID: 31178859 PMCID: PMC6543837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1103] [Impact Index Per Article: 220.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are found in tissues, body cavities, and mucosal surfaces. Most tissue macrophages are seeded in the early embryo before definitive hematopoiesis is established. Others are derived from blood monocytes. The macrophage lineage diversification and plasticity are key aspects of their functionality. Macrophages can also be generated from monocytes in vitro and undergo classical (LPS+IFN-γ) or alternative (IL-4) activation. In vivo, macrophages with different polarization and different activation markers coexist in tissues. Certain mouse strains preferentially promote T-helper-1 (Th1) responses and others Th2 responses. Their macrophages preferentially induce iNOS or arginase and have been called M1 and M2, respectively. In many publications, M1 and classically activated and M2 and alternatively activated are used interchangeably. We tested whether this is justified by comparing the gene lists positively [M1(=LPS+)] or negatively [M2(=LPS-)] correlated with the ratio of IL-12 and arginase 1 in transcriptomes of LPS-treated peritoneal macrophages with in vitro classically (LPS, IFN-γ) vs. alternatively activated (IL-4) bone marrow derived macrophages, both from published datasets. Although there is some overlap between in vivo M1(=LPS+) and in vitro classically activated (LPS+IFN-γ) and in vivo M2(=LPS-) and in vitro alternatively activated macrophages, many more genes are regulated in opposite or unrelated ways. Thus, M1(=LPS+) macrophages are not equivalent to classically activated, and M2(=LPS-) macrophages are not equivalent to alternatively activated macrophages. This fundamental discrepancy explains why most surface markers identified on in vitro generated macrophages do not translate to the in vivo situation. Valid in vivo M1/M2 surface markers remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Orecchioni
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yanal Ghosheh
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Akula Bala Pramod
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Klaus Ley
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Zhang L, Wang Y, Wu G, Xiong W, Gu W, Wang CY. Macrophages: friend or foe in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? Respir Res 2018; 19:170. [PMID: 30189872 PMCID: PMC6127991 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prototype of lethal, chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Over the past decade, macrophage has been recognized to play a significant role in IPF pathogenesis. Depending on the local microenvironments, macrophages can be polarized to either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes. In general, M1 macrophages are responsible for wound healing after alveolar epithelial injury, while M2 macrophages are designated to resolve wound healing processes or terminate inflammatory responses in the lung. IPF is a pathological consequence resulted from altered wound healing in response to persistent lung injury. In this review, we intend to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the process of macrophage polarization and its mediators in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Our goal is to update the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of IPF, and by which, we expect to provide help for developing effective therapeutic strategies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guorao Wu
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery-Campbell Clinic, and Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Yao Q, Liu J, Zhang Z, Li F, Zhang C, Lai B, Xiao L, Wang N. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) induces the gene expression of integrin α Vβ 5 to promote macrophage M2 polarization. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16572-16582. [PMID: 30181212 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and polarizes the macrophages into an anti-inflammatory M2 state. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that drive various cellular functions, including monocyte adhesion and foam cell formation. In this study, we first reported that the expression of integrins αV and β5 was up-regulated by PPARγ activation in RAW264.7 cells and human peripheral blood monocytes. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assay revealed that PPARγ directly bound to the potential PPAR-responsive elements sites in the 5'-flanking regions of both murine and human integrin αV and β5 genes, respectively. In addition, we showed that PPARγ augmented the ligation of integrins αV and β5 Knockdown of integrin αVβ5 by siRNA strategy or treatment with cilengitide, a potent inhibitor of integrin αVβ5, attenuated PPARγ-induced expression of Ym1 (chitinase-like protein 3), Arg1 (Arginase1), Fizz1 (resistin-like molecule RELMα), and other M2 marker genes, suggesting that the heterodimers of integrin αVβ5 were involved in PPARγ-induced M2 polarization. In conclusion, these results provided novel evidence that PPARγ-mediated gene expression and the ensuing ligation of integrins αV and β5 are implicated in macrophage M2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyu Yao
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Jia Liu
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Zihui Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Fan Li
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Chao Zhang
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Baochang Lai
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Lei Xiao
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China and
| | - Nanping Wang
- the Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Musah S, Chen J, Schlueter C, Humphrey DM, Stocke K, Hoyle MI, Hoyle GW. Inhibition of chlorine-induced airway fibrosis by budesonide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 363:11-21. [PMID: 30189237 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine is a chemical threat agent that can be harmful to humans. Acute inhalation of high levels of chlorine results in the death of airway epithelial cells and can lead to persistent adverse effects on respiratory health, including airway remodeling and hyperreactivity. We previously developed a mouse chlorine exposure model in which animals developed inflammation and fibrosis in large airways. In the present study, examination by laser capture microdissection of developing fibroproliferative lesions in FVB/NJ mice exposed to 240 ppm-h chlorine revealed upregulation of genes related to macrophage function. Treatment of chlorine-exposed mice with the corticosteroid drug budesonide daily for 7 days (30-90 μg/mouse i.m.) starting 1 h after exposure prevented the influx of M2 macrophages and the development of airway fibrosis and hyperreactivity. In chlorine-exposed, budesonide-treated mice 7 days after exposure, large airways lacking fibrosis contained extensive denuded areas indicative of a poorly repaired epithelium. Damaged or poorly repaired epithelium has been considered a trigger for fibrogenesis, but the results of this study suggest that inflammation is the ultimate driver of fibrosis in our model. Examination at later times following 7-day budesonide treatment showed continued absence of fibrosis after cessation of treatment and regrowth of a poorly differentiated airway epithelium by 14 days after exposure. Delay in the start of budesonide treatment for up to 2 days still resulted in inhibition of airway fibrosis. Our results show the therapeutic potential of budesonide as a countermeasure for inhibiting persistent effects of chlorine inhalation and shed light on mechanisms underlying the initial development of fibrosis following airway injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiatu Musah
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Connie Schlueter
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - David M Humphrey
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Kendall Stocke
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mona I Hoyle
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Gary W Hoyle
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
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Xu L, Li J, Kuang Z, Kuang Y, Wu H. Knockdown of Gab1 Inhibits Cellular Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells. Oncol Res 2018; 26:617-624. [PMID: 28893350 PMCID: PMC7844679 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15043589260618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Grb2-associated binder 1 (Gab1) is often aberrant in cancerous cells and tissues, whose alteration is responsible for aggressive phenotypes. In this study, we examined the Gab1 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues and investigated the cellular and molecular effect of Gab1 on migration, invasion, and cell growth of the OSCC cell lines SCC15 and SCC25. We found that Gab1 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues and cells, which is related to the protein levels of various molecules associated with cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Functional assays identified that Gab1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells and inhibited cell apoptosis in the SCC15 and SCC25 cell lines. On the other hand, Gab1 silencing affected the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells and induced cell apoptosis. Western blot assay identified that Gab1 overexpression suppressed the expression of Cdc20 homolog 1 (Cdh1) and then promoted cell invasion in OSCC cells. Furthermore, Gab1-mediated Cdh1 downregulation was significantly reversed when the cells were subjected to an inhibitor of p-Akt. In conclusion, these results suggested that Gab1 induced malignant progression of OSCC cells probably via activation of the Akt/Cdh1 signaling pathway. Thus, Gab1 may be a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyong Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P.R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Kuang
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P.R. China
| | - Yan Kuang
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P.R. China
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Salvador P, Macías-Ceja DC, Gisbert-Ferrándiz L, Hernández C, Bernardo D, Alós R, Navarro-Vicente F, Esplugues JV, Ortiz-Masiá D, Barrachina MD, Calatayud S. CD16+ Macrophages Mediate Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2018; 12:589-599. [PMID: 29304229 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjx185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Fibrosis is a common complication of Crohn's disease [CD], and is related to dysregulated tissular repair following inflammation, in which macrophages play a central role. We have previously observed that STAT6-/- mice present delayed mucosal recovery after 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid [TNBS]-induced colitis due to a deficiency in reparatory interleukin-4 [IL4]/STAT6-dependent M2 macrophages, which can be reverted by the exogenous transfer of this cell type. In the present study, we analyse the role of STAT6-dependent macrophages in intestinal fibrosis. METHODS Colitis was induced by weekly intra-rectal administration of TNBS [6 weeks] to STAT6-/- mice and wild-type [WT] animals. Colonic surgical resections were obtained from CD patients and from colon cancer patients. RESULTS Chronic colitis provoked a fibrogenic response in STAT6-/- mice, but not in WT animals. An accumulation of M2 macrophages, defined as CD206+ cells, was observed in WT mice, but not in STAT6-/- animals. Instead, the latter group showed an increase in CD16+ macrophages that correlated with the expression of fibrogenic markers. CD16+ macrophages were also increased in the damaged mucosa of Crohn's disease patients with stenotic or penetrating complications. Finally, administration of IL4-treated WT macrophages to STAT6-/- mice reduced TNBS-induced fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that STAT6 deficiency dysregulates the macrophage response to inflammatory outbursts by increasing the presence of a population of CD16+ macrophages that seems to contribute to intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Salvador
- Departamento de Farmacología and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Laura Gisbert-Ferrándiz
- Departamento de Farmacología and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - David Bernardo
- Unidad de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Alós
- Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital de Sagunto, Sagunto, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Juan Vicente Esplugues
- Departamento de Farmacología and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Ortiz-Masiá
- Departamento de Medicina and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Barrachina
- Departamento de Farmacología and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Calatayud
- Departamento de Farmacología and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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