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Tuerxun M, Zheng X, Xu J, Yang Q, Yuan T, Zhang C, Zhou S. High expression of DEC2 distinguishes chondroblastic osteosarcoma and promotes tumour growth by activating the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18462. [PMID: 38847478 PMCID: PMC11157672 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and young adults. Account for 80% of all OS cases, conventional OS are characterized by the presence of osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic cell types. Despite this heterogeneity, therapeutic treatment and prognosis of OS are essentially the same for all OS subtypes. Here, we report that DEC2, a transcriptional repressor, is expressed at higher levels in chondroblastic OS compared with osteoblastic OS. This difference suggests that DEC2 is disproportionately involved in the progression of chondroblastic OS, and thus, DEC2 may represent a possible molecular target for treating this type of OS. In the human chondroblastic-like OS cell line MNNG/HOS, we found that overexpression of DEC2 affects the proliferation of the cells by activating the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway. Enhanced expression of DEC2 increased VEGFR2 expression, as well as increased the phosphorylation levels at sites Y951 and Y1175 of VEGFR2. On the one hand, activation of VEGFR2Y1175 enhanced cell proliferation through VEGFR2Y1175-PLCγ1-PKC-SPHK-MEK-ERK signalling. On the other hand, activation of VEGFR2Y951 decreased mitochondria-dependent apoptosis rate through VEGFR2Y951-VARP-PI3K-AKT signalling. Activation of these two signalling pathways resulted in enhanced progression of chondroblastic OS. In conclusion, DEC2 plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and apoptosis-resistance in chondroblastic OS via the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway. These findings lay the groundwork for developing focused treatments that target specific types of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimaitiaili Tuerxun
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of PharmacyShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shumin Zhou
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Chakraborty A, Ghosh S, Chakraborty MP, Mukherjee S, Roy SS, Das R, Acharya M, Mukherjee A. Inhibition of NF-κB-Mediated Proinflammatory Transcription by Ru(II) Complexes of Anti-Angiogenic Ligands in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:5902-5923. [PMID: 38520399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) plays a pivotal role in breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer, by promoting inflammation, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and drug resistance. Upregulation of NF-κB boosts vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, assisting angiogenesis. The Ru(II) complexes of methyl- and dimethylpyrazolyl-benzimidazole N,N donors inhibit phosphorylation of ser536 in p65 and translocation of the NF-κB heterodimer (p50/p65) to the nucleus, disabling transcription to upregulate inflammatory signaling. The methyl- and dimethylpyrazolyl-benzimidazole inhibit VEGFR2 phosphorylation at Y1175, disrupting downstream signaling through PLC-γ and ERK1/2, ultimately suppressing Ca(II)-signaling. Partial release of the antiangiogenic ligand in a reactive oxygen species-rich environment is possible as per our observation to inhibit both NF-κB and VEGFR2 by the complexes. The complexes are nontoxic to zebrafish embryos up to 50 μM, but the ligands show strong in vivo antiangiogenic activity at 3 μM during embryonic growth in Tg(fli1:GFP) zebrafish but no visible effect on the adult phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Shilpendu Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Manas Pratim Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Sujato Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | | | - Rahul Das
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | | | - Arindam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
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Luo D, Liu H, Liang X, Yan W, Ding C, Hu C, Yan D, Li J, Wu J. Analysis of the Potential Angiogenic Mechanisms of BuShenHuoXue Decoction against Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:700-717. [PMID: 38296807 PMCID: PMC10925519 DOI: 10.1111/os.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common orthopedic disease with a high disability rate. The clinical effect of BuShenHuoXue decoction (BSHX) for ONFH is satisfactory. We aimed to elucidate the potential angiogenic mechanisms of BSHX in a rat femoral osteonecrosis model and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS With in vivo experiments, we established the steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) model using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (8-week-old). The rats were randomly divided into five group of 12 rats each and given the corresponding interventions: control, model (gavaged with 0.9% saline), BSHX low-, medium- and high-dose groups (0.132 3, 0.264 6, and 0.529 2 g/mL BSHX solution by gavage). After 12 weeks, haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was preformed to evaluate rat osteonecrosis. the expression of angiogenic factors (CD31, VEGFA, KDR, VWF) in rat femoral head was detected by immunohistochemistry, qPCR and western blotting. In cell experiment, BMSCs were isolated and cultured in the femoral bone marrow cavity of 4-week-old SD rats. BMSCs were randomly divided into eight groups and intervened with different doses of BSHX-containing serum and glucocorticoids: control group (CG); BSHX low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (CG + 0.661 5, 1.323, and 2.646 g/kg BSHX gavage rat serum); dexamethasone (Dex) group; and Dex + BSHX low-, medium-, and high-dose groups (Dex + 0.661 5, 1.323, and 2.646 g/kg BSHX gavaged rat serum), the effects of BSHX-containing serum on the angiogenic capacity of BMSCs were examined by qPCR and Western blotting. A co-culture system of rat aortic endothelial cells (RAOECs) and BMSCs was then established. Migration and angiogenesis of RAOECs were observed using angiogenesis and transwell assay. Identification of potential targets of BSHX against ONFH was obtained using network pharmacology. RESULTS BSHX upregulated the expression of CD31, VEGFA, KDR, and VWF in rat femoral head samples and BMSCs (p < 0.05, vs. control group or model group). Different concentrations of BSHX-containing serum significantly ameliorated the inhibition of CD31, VEGFA, KDR and VWF expression by high concentrations of Dex. BSHX-containing serum-induced BMSCs promoted the migration and angiogenesis of RAOECs, reversed to some extent the adverse effect of Dex on microangiogenesis in RAOECs, and increased the number of microangiogenic vessels. Furthermore, we identified VEGFA, COL1A1, COL3A1, and SPP1 as important targets of BSHX against ONFH. CONCLUSION BSHX upregulated the expression of angiogenic factors in the femoral head tissue of ONFH model rats and promoted the angiogenic capacity of rat RAOECs and BMSCs. This study provides an important basis for the use of BSHX for ONFH prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Luo
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Hao Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Xue‐zhen Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Wei Yan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Chou Ding
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Cheng‐bo Hu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - De‐zhi Yan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Jin‐song Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Ji‐biao Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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Tang X, Cui K, Wu P, Hu A, Fan M, Lu X, Yang F, Lin J, Yu S, Xu Y, Liang X. Acrizanib as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Fundus Neovascularization via Inhibitory Phosphorylation of VEGFR2. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:1. [PMID: 38165719 PMCID: PMC10768700 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of acrizanib, a small molecule inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), on physiological angiogenesis and pathological neovascularization in the eye and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods We investigated the potential role of acrizanib in physiological angiogenesis using C57BL/6J newborn mice, and pathological angiogenesis using the mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) models. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as an in vitro model for studying the molecular mechanism underlying acrizanib's antiangiogenic effects. Results The intravitreal injection of acrizanib did not show a considerable impact on physiological angiogenesis and retinal thickness, indicating a potentially favorable safety profile. In the mouse models of OIR and CNV, acrizanib showed promising results in reducing pathological neovascularization, inflammation, and vascular leakage, indicating its potential efficacy against pathological angiogenesis. Consistent with in vivo results, acrizanib blunted angiogenic events in VEGF-treated HUVECs such as proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Furthermore, acrizanib inhibited the multisite phosphorylation of VEGFR2 to varying degrees and the activation of its downstream signal pathways in VEGF-treated HUVECs. Conclusions This study suggested the potential efficacy and safety of acrizanib in suppressing fundus neovascularization. Acrizanib functioned through inhibiting multiple phosphorylation sites of VEGFR2 in endothelial cells to different degrees. Translational Relevance These results indicated that acrizanib might hold promise as a potential candidate for the treatment of ocular vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andina Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Fan
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jicheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Senrung A, Tripathi T, Aggarwal N, Janjua D, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Chaudhary A, Thakur K, Singh T, Bharti AC. Anti-angiogenic Potential of Trans-chalcone in an In Vivo Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: An ATP Antagonist to VEGFR with Predicted Blood-brain Barrier Permeability. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2024; 22:187-211. [PMID: 37936455 DOI: 10.2174/0118715257250417231019102501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by massive tumorinduced angiogenesis aiding tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) via VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) constitutes majorly to drive this process. Putting a halt to tumordriven angiogenesis is a major clinical challenge, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the prime bottleneck in GBM treatment. Several phytochemicals show promising antiangiogenic activity across different models, but their ability to cross BBB remains unexplored. METHODS We screened over 99 phytochemicals having anti-angiogenic properties reported in the literature and evaluated them for their BBB permeability, molecular interaction with VEGFR-2 domains, ECD2-3 (extracellular domains 2-3) and TKD (tyrosine kinase domain) at VEGF-A and ATP binding site, cell membrane permeability, and hepatotoxicity using in silico tools. Furthermore, the anti-angiogenic activity of predicted lead Trans-Chalcone (TC) was evaluated in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. RESULTS Out of 99 phytochemicals, 35 showed an efficient ability to cross BBB with a probability score of > 0.8. Docking studies revealed 30 phytochemicals crossing benchmark binding affinity < -6.4 kcal/mol of TKD with the native ligand ATP alone. Out of 30 phytochemicals, 12 showed moderate to low hepatotoxicity, and 5 showed a violation of Lipinski's rule of five. Our in silico analysis predicted TC as a BBB permeable anti-angiogenic compound for use in GBM therapy. TC reduced vascularization in the CAM model, which was associated with the downregulation of VEGFR-2 transcript expression. CONCLUSION The present study showed TC to possess anti-angiogenic potential via the inhibition of VEGFR-2. In addition, the study predicted TC to cross BBB as well as a safe alternative for GBM therapy, which needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Neuropharmacology & Drug Delivery Laboratory, Zoology Department, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
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Tang H, Yu Y, Zhan X, Chai Y, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Xia D, Lin H. Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 in bone regeneration: A systematic review. J Control Release 2024; 365:558-582. [PMID: 38042375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is a biomaterial that has been increasingly studied in recent years. It has several applications such as bone regeneration, promotion of angiogenesis, drug loading, and antibacterial activity, and exerts multiple effects to deal with various problems in the process of bone regeneration. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the applications and effectiveness of ZIF-8 in bone regeneration. A search of papers published in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases revealed 532 relevant studies. Title, abstract, and full-text screening resulted in 39 papers being included in the review, including 39 in vitro and 22 animal studies. Appropriate concentrations of nano ZIF-8 can promote cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by releasing Zn2+ and entering the cell, whereas high doses of ZIF-8 are cytotoxic and inhibit osteogenic differentiation. In addition, five studies confirmed that ZIF-8 exhibits good vasogenic activity. In all in vivo experiments, nano ZIF-8 promoted bone formation. These results indicate that, at appropriate concentrations, materials containing ZIF-8 promote bone regeneration more than materials without ZIF-8, and with characteristics such as promoting angiogenesis, drug loading, and antibacterial activity, it is expected to show promising applications in the field of bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This manuscript reviewed the use of ZIF-8 in bone regeneration, clarified the biocompatibility and effectiveness in promoting bone regeneration of ZIF-8 materials, and discussed the possible mechanisms and factors affecting its promotion of bone regeneration. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of the latest advances in the field of bone regeneration of ZIF-8, serves as a design guide, and contributes to the design of future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yameng Yu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinxin Zhan
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuan Chai
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing 100081, China.
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Zhang J, Wang J, Li Y, Pan X, Qu J, Zhang J. A patent perspective of antiangiogenic agents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:821-840. [PMID: 38084667 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2294808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of numerous vascular structures and is involved in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes, including psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy, and especially cancer. By obstructing the process of angiogenesis, these therapies effectively inhibit the progression of the disease. Consequently, anti-angiogenic agents were subsequently developed. AREAS COVERED This review provides a comprehensive summary of the anti-angiogenic inhibitors developed in the past five years in terms of chemical structure, biochemical/pharmacological activity and potential clinical applications. A literature search was conducted using utilizing the databases Web of Science, SciFinder and PubMed with the key word 'anti-angiogenic agents' and 'angiogenesis inhibitor.' EXPERT OPINION This is despite the fact that the concept of antiangiogenesis has been proposed for more than 50 years and angiogenesis inhibitors are extensively employed in clinical practice. However, significant challenges continue to confront them. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of patents focusing on angiogenesis inhibitors. These patents aim to enhance the selectivity of drugs against VEGF/VEGFR, explore new targets to overcome drug resistance, and explore potential drug combinations, thereby expanding the therapeutic possibilities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanchen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingkun Qu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Xiao Y, Yang J, Deng Y, Zhang L, Xu Q, Li H. Tartary buckwheat protein-derived peptide AFYRW alleviates H 2O 2-induced vascular injury via the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 169:106768. [PMID: 37597762 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat protein-derived peptide (Ala-Phe-Tyr-Arg-Trp, AFYRW) is a natural active peptide that hampers the atherosclerosis process, but the underlying role of AFYRW in angiogenesis remains unknown. Here, we present a system-based study to evaluate the effects of AFYRW on H2O2-induced vascular injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were co-incubated with H2O2 for 2 h in the vascular injury model, and AFYRW was added 24 h in advance to investigate the protective mechanism of vascular injury. We identified that AFYRW inhibits oxidative stress, cell migration, cell invasion, and angiogenesis in H2O2-treated HUVECs. In addition, we found H2O2-induced upregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and nuclear translocation of NF-κB decreased by AFYRW. Taken together, AFYRW attenuated H2O2-induced vascular injury through the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Thereby, AFYRW may serve as a therapeutic option for vascular injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethenic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Lilin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Qingzhong Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethenic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China.
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Sjöberg E, Melssen M, Richards M, Ding Y, Chanoca C, Chen D, Nwadozi E, Pal S, Love DT, Ninchoji T, Shibuya M, Simons M, Dimberg A, Claesson-Welsh L. Endothelial VEGFR2-PLCγ signaling regulates vascular permeability and antitumor immunity through eNOS/Src. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e161366. [PMID: 37651195 PMCID: PMC10575733 DOI: 10.1172/jci161366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) is essential for vascular development; however, its role in healthy, mature, or pathological vessels is unexplored. Here, we show that PLCγ was prominently expressed in vessels of several human cancer forms, notably in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). High PLCγ expression in clear cell RCC correlated with angiogenic activity and poor prognosis, while low expression correlated with immune cell activation. PLCγ was induced downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) phosphosite Y1173 (pY1173). Heterozygous Vegfr2Y1173F/+ mice or mice lacking endothelial PLCγ (Plcg1iECKO) exhibited a stabilized endothelial barrier and diminished vascular leakage. Barrier stabilization was accompanied by decreased expression of immunosuppressive cytokines, reduced infiltration of B cells, helper T cells and regulatory T cells, and improved response to chemo- and immunotherapy. Mechanistically, pY1173/PLCγ signaling induced Ca2+/protein kinase C-dependent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), required for tyrosine nitration and activation of Src. Src-induced phosphorylation of VE-cadherin at Y685 was accompanied by disintegration of endothelial junctions. This pY1173/PLCγ/eNOS/Src pathway was detected in both healthy and tumor vessels in Vegfr2Y1173F/+ mice, which displayed decreased activation of PLCγ and eNOS and suppressed vascular leakage. Thus, we believe that we have identified a clinically relevant endothelial PLCγ pathway downstream of VEGFR2 pY1173, which destabilizes the endothelial barrier and results in loss of antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sjöberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marit Melssen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mark Richards
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yindi Ding
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catarina Chanoca
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dongying Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nwadozi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sagnik Pal
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dominic T. Love
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Takeshi Ninchoji
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Beijer and Science for Life Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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10
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Abdel Rahman DE, Fouad MA, Mohammed ER, El-Zoheiry HH, Abdelrasheed Allam H. Novel VEGFR-2 inhibitors as antiangiogenic and apoptotic agents via paracrine and autocrine cascades: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106678. [PMID: 37354661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Appertaining to its paracrine and autocrine signaling loops, VEGFR-2 succeeded in grabbing attention as one of the leading targets in cancer treatment. Based on the foregoing and our comprehensive studies regarding pharmacophoric features and activity of sorafenib, novel phenylpyridazinone based VEGFR-2 inhibitors 4, 6a-e, 7a,b, 9a,b, 12a-c, 13a,b, 14a,b, 15a,b, and 17a-d were optimized. An assortment of biological assays was conducted to assess the antiangiogenic and apoptotic activities of the synthesized derivatives. In vitro VEGFR-2 kinase assay verified the inhibitory activity of the synthesized derivatives with IC50 values from 49.1 to 418.0 nM relative to the reference drug sorafenib (IC50 = 81.8 nM). Antiproliferative activity against HUVECs revealed that compounds 2-{2-[2-(6-oxo-3-phenylpyridazin-1(6H)-yl)acetyl]hydrazineyl}-N-(p-tolyl)acetamide (12c) and 2-[(5-mercapto-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2H)-one (13a) possessed superior activity (IC50 values = 11.5 and 12.3 nM, respectively) in comparison to sorafenib (IC50 = 23.2 nM). For the purpose of appraising their antiproliferative effect, derivatives 12c and 13a were exposed to cell cycle analysis, apoptotic, cell invasion and migration assays in addition to determination of VEGFR-2 in protein level. Moreover, cytotoxicity as well as selectivity index against WI-38 cell line was measured to examine safety of derivatives 12c and 13a. After that, molecular docking study was executed on the top five compounds in the in vitro VEGFR-2 kinase assay 6d, 12c, 13a, 14a and 17c to get a deep perception on binding mode of the synthesized compounds and correlate the design strategy with biological results. Finally, physicochemical, pharmacokinetic properties, and drug-likeness studies were performed on the top five derivative in in vitro VEGFR-2 kinase assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa E Abdel Rahman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman R Mohammed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Haidy H El-Zoheiry
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Heba Abdelrasheed Allam
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
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11
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Ghalehbandi S, Yuzugulen J, Pranjol MZI, Pourgholami MH. The role of VEGF in cancer-induced angiogenesis and research progress of drugs targeting VEGF. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175586. [PMID: 36906141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a double-edged sword; it is a mechanism that defines the boundary between health and disease. In spite of its central role in physiological homeostasis, it provides the oxygen and nutrition needed by tumor cells to proceed from dormancy if pro-angiogenic factors tip the balance in favor of tumor angiogenesis. Among pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prominent target in therapeutic methods due to its strategic involvement in the formation of anomalous tumor vasculature. In addition, VEGF exhibits immune-regulatory properties which suppress immune cell antitumor activity. VEGF signaling through its receptors is an integral part of tumoral angiogenic approaches. A wide variety of medicines have been designed to target the ligands and receptors of this pro-angiogenic superfamily. Herein, we summarize the direct and indirect molecular mechanisms of VEGF to demonstrate its versatile role in the context of cancer angiogenesis and current transformative VEGF-targeted strategies interfering with tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey
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12
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Xing L, Huang G, Chen R, Huang L, Liu J, Ren X, Wang S, Kuang H, Kumar A, Kim JK, Jiang Q, Li X, Lee C. Critical role of mitogen-inducible gene 6 in restraining endothelial cell permeability to maintain vascular homeostasis. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:151-165. [PMID: 36284029 PMCID: PMC10030747 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mitogen-inducible gene 6 (MIG6) is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells, it remains unknown whether MIG6 affects vascular permeability. Here, we show for the first time a critical role of MIG6 in limiting vascular permeability. We unveil that genetic deletion of Mig6 in mice markedly increased VEGFA-induced vascular permeability, and MIG6 knockdown impaired endothelial barrier function. Mechanistically, we reveal that MIG6 inhibits VEGFR2 phosphorylation by binding to the VEGFR2 kinase domain 2, and MIG6 knockdown increases the downstream signaling of VEGFR2 by enhancing phosphorylation of PLCγ1 and eNOS. Moreover, MIG6 knockdown disrupted the balance between RAC1 and RHOA GTPase activation, leading to endothelial cell barrier breakdown and the elevation of vascular permeability. Our findings demonstrate an essential role of MIG6 in maintaining endothelial cell barrier integrity and point to potential therapeutic implications of MIG6 in the treatment of diseases involving vascular permeability. Xing et al. (2022) investigated the critical role of MIG6 in vascular permeability. MIG6 deficiency promotes VEGFA-induced vascular permeability via activation of PLCγ1-Ca2+-eNOS signaling and perturbation of the balance in RAC1/RHOA activation, resulting in endothelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guanqun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Juanxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiangrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Haiqing Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Anil Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jong Kyong Kim
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chunsik Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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13
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Ligusticum chuanxiong promotes the angiogenesis of preovulatory follicles (F1-F3) in late-phase laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102430. [PMID: 36621100 PMCID: PMC9841292 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligusticum chuanxiong (CX) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is widely planted throughout the world. CX is one of the most important and commonly used drugs to enhance blood circulation. The preovulatory follicles in laying hens have a large number of blood arteries and meridians that feed the follicles' growth and maturation with nutrients, hormones, and cytokines. With the extension of laying time, preovulatory follicles angiogenesis decreased gradually. In this study, we studied the mechanism of CX on preovulatory follicles angiogenesis in late-phase laying hens. The results show that CX extract can increase the angiogenesis of preovulatory follicles (F1-F3) of late-phase laying hens. CX extract can promote vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) phosphorylation in preovulatory follicles theca layers, promote the proliferation, invasion and migration through PI3K/AKT and RAS/ERK signaling pathways in primary follicle microvascular endothelial-like cells (FMECs). In addition, CX extract can up-regulate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF1α) in granulosa cells (GCs) and granulosa layers through PI3K/AKT and RAS/ERK signaling pathways, thereby promoting the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). In conclusion, the current study confirmed the promoting effect of CX extract on the preovulatory follicles angiogenesis, which sets the stage for the design of functional animal feed for late-phase laying hens.
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14
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PRMT4-mediated arginine methylation promotes tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and regulates filopodia protrusions. iScience 2022; 25:104736. [PMID: 35942094 PMCID: PMC9356023 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Through tightly controlled multilayer mechanisms, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) activation and its downstream signal transduction govern vasculogenesis and pathological angiogenesis, such as tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, it is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms governing VEGFR-2 signal transduction. We report that protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) via its highly conserved EVH1 and PH domain-like N-terminal domain binds to VEGFR-2 and mediates methylation of the juxtamembrane arginine 817 (R817) on VEGFR-2. Methylation of R817 selectively increases phosphorylation of tyrosine 820 (Y820). Phosphorylation of Y820 facilitates the c-Src binding with VEGFR-2 via Src homology domain 2 (SH2). Interfering with the methylation of R817 or phosphorylation of Y820 inhibits VEGFR-2-induced filopodia protrusions, a process that is critical for the core angiogenic responses of VEGFR-2. Methylation of R817 is an important previously unrecognized mechanism of the angiogenic signaling of VEGFR-2, with implications for the development of novel-targeted VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Arginine 817 methylation regulates phosphorylation of Y820 on VEGFR-2 Phosphorylation of Y820 recruits c-Src kinase to VEGFR-2, leading to its activation VEGFR-2/c-Src axis mediates filopodia protrusions in endothelial cells
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15
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Rasoulinejad SA, Sarreshtehdari N, Mafi AR. The crosstalk between VEGF signaling pathway and long non-coding RNAs in neovascular retinal diseases: Implications for anti-VEGF therapy. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Macklin BL, Lin YY, Emmerich K, Wisniewski E, Polster BM, Konstantopoulos K, Mumm JS, Gerecht S. Intrinsic epigenetic control of angiogenesis in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelium regulates vascular regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:28. [PMID: 35551465 PMCID: PMC9098630 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00223-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iECs) provide opportunities to study vascular development and regeneration, develop cardiovascular therapeutics, and engineer model systems for drug screening. The differentiation and characterization of iECs are well established; however, the mechanisms governing their angiogenic phenotype remain unknown. Here, we aimed to determine the angiogenic phenotype of iECs and the regulatory mechanism controlling their regenerative capacity. In a comparative study with HUVECs, we show that iECs increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mediates their highly angiogenic phenotype via regulation of glycolysis enzymes, filopodia formation, VEGF mediated migration, and robust sprouting. We find that the elevated expression of VEGFR2 is epigenetically regulated via intrinsic acetylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 by histone acetyltransferase P300. Utilizing a zebrafish xenograft model, we demonstrate that the ability of iECs to promote the regeneration of the amputated fin can be modulated by P300 activity. These findings demonstrate how the innate epigenetic status of iECs regulates their phenotype with implications for their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bria L Macklin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ying-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Kevin Emmerich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Emily Wisniewski
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Brian M Polster
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma, and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Jeff S Mumm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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17
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Li X, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu F, Liu Y, Liang J, Zhan R, Wu Y, Ren H, Zhang X, Liu J. Sinensetin suppresses angiogenesis in liver cancer by targeting the VEGF/VEGFR2/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:360. [PMID: 35493423 PMCID: PMC9019764 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinensetin (SIN) is a polymethoxy flavone primarily present in citrus fruits. This compound has demonstrated anticancer activity. However, the underlying mechanism of its action has not been fully understood. The present study investigated the impact of SIN on angiogenesis in a liver cancer model. In a murine xenograft tumor model, SIN inhibited the growth of HepG2/C3A human liver hepatoma cell-derived tumors and reduced the expression levels of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and VEGF. In HepG2/C3A cells, SIN repressed VEGF expression by downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor expression. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, SIN increased apoptosis and repressed migration and tube formation. In addition, SIN decreased the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and inhibited the AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking demonstrated that the VEGFR2 core domain effectively combined with SIN at various important residues. Collectively, these data suggested that SIN inhibited liver cancer angiogenesis by regulating VEGF/VEGFR2/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaο Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Fuhong Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Jiangjiu Liang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Rucai Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - He Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
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18
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Malekan M, Ebrahimzadeh MA. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors [VEGFR] as Target in Breast Cancer Treatment: Current Status in Preclinical and Clinical Studies and Future Directions. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:891-920. [PMID: 35260067 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220308161710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer [BC] is one of the most common cancers among women, one of the leading causes of a considerable number of cancer-related death globally. Among all procedures leading to the formation of breast tumors, angiogenesis has an important role in cancer progression and outcomes. Therefore, various anti-angiogenic strategies have developed so far to enhance treatment's efficacy in different types of BC. Vascular endothelial growth factors [VEGFs] and their receptors are regarded as the most well-known regulators of neovascularization. VEGF binding to vascular endothelial growth factor receptors [VEGFRs] provides cell proliferation and vascular tissue formation by the subsequent tyrosine kinase pathway. VEGF/VEGFR axis displays an attractive target for anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer drug design. This review aims to describe the existing literature regarding VEGFR inhibitors, focusing on BC treatment reported in the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Malekan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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19
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Miller B, Sewell-Loftin MK. Mechanoregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 in Angiogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:804934. [PMID: 35087885 PMCID: PMC8787114 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.804934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cells that compose the vascular system in the body display a wide range of mechanotransductive behaviors and responses to biomechanical stimuli, which act in concert to control overall blood vessel structure and function. Such mechanosensitive activities allow blood vessels to constrict, dilate, grow, or remodel as needed during development as well as normal physiological functions, and the same processes can be dysregulated in various disease states. Mechanotransduction represents cellular responses to mechanical forces, translating such factors into chemical or electrical signals which alter the activation of various cell signaling pathways. Understanding how biomechanical forces drive vascular growth in healthy and diseased tissues could create new therapeutic strategies that would either enhance or halt these processes to assist with treatments of different diseases. In the cardiovascular system, new blood vessel formation from preexisting vasculature, in a process known as angiogenesis, is driven by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) which promotes blood vessel development. However, physical forces such as shear stress, matrix stiffness, and interstitial flow are also major drivers and effectors of angiogenesis, and new research suggests that mechanical forces may regulate VEGFR-2 phosphorylation. In fact, VEGFR-2 activation has been linked to known mechanobiological agents including ERK/MAPK, c-Src, Rho/ROCK, and YAP/TAZ. In vascular disease states, endothelial cells can be subjected to altered mechanical stimuli which affect the pathways that control angiogenesis. Both normalizing and arresting angiogenesis associated with tumor growth have been strategies for anti-cancer treatments. In the field of regenerative medicine, harnessing biomechanical regulation of angiogenesis could enhance vascularization strategies for treating a variety of cardiovascular diseases, including ischemia or permit development of novel tissue engineering scaffolds. This review will focus on the impact of VEGFR-2 mechanosignaling in endothelial cells (ECs) and its interaction with other mechanotransductive pathways, as well as presenting a discussion on the relationship between VEGFR-2 activation and biomechanical forces in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can help treat diseases with dysfunctional vascular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronte Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mary Kathryn Sewell-Loftin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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20
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Liabotis A, Ardidie-Robouant C, Mailly P, Besbes S, Gutierrez C, Atlas Y, Muller L, Germain S, Monnot C. Angiopoietin-like 4-Induced 3D Capillary Morphogenesis Correlates to Stabilization of Endothelial Adherens Junctions and Restriction of VEGF-Induced Sprouting. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020206. [PMID: 35203415 PMCID: PMC8869696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a target of hypoxia that accumulates in the endothelial extracellular matrix. While ANGPTL4 is known to regulate angiogenesis and vascular permeability, its context-dependent role related to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been suggested in capillary morphogenesis. We here thus develop in vitro 3D models coupled to imaging and morphometric analysis of capillaries to decipher ANGPTL4 functions either alone or in the presence of VEGF. ANGPTL4 induces the formation of barely branched and thin endothelial capillaries that display linear adherens junctions. However, ANGPTL4 counteracts VEGF-induced formation of abundant ramified capillaries presenting cell–cell junctions characterized by VE-cadherin containing reticular plaques and serrated structures. We further deciphered the early angiogenesis steps regulated by ANGPTL4. During the initial activation of endothelial cells, ANGPTL4 alone induces cell shape changes but limits the VEGF-induced cell elongation and unjamming. In the growing sprout, ANGPTL4 maintains cohesive VE-cadherin pattern and sustains moderate 3D cell migration but restricts VEGF-induced endothelium remodeling and cell migration. This effect is mediated by differential short- and long-term regulation of P-Y1175-VEGFR2 and ERK1-2 signaling by ANGPTL4. Our in vitro 3D models thus provide the first evidence that ANGPTL4 induces a specific capillary morphogenesis but also overcomes VEGF effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Liabotis
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
- Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Ardidie-Robouant
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Philippe Mailly
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Samaher Besbes
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Charly Gutierrez
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Yoann Atlas
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
- Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Muller
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Stéphane Germain
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Catherine Monnot
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.L.); (C.A.-R.); (P.M.); (S.B.); (C.G.); (Y.A.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (C.M.)
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21
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Santoni G, Amantini C, Nabissi M, Arcella A, Maggi F, Santoni M, Morelli MB. Functional In Vitro Assessment of VEGFA/NOTCH2 Signaling Pathway and pRB Proteasomal Degradation and the Clinical Relevance of Mucolipin TRPML2 Overexpression in Glioblastoma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020688. [PMID: 35054871 PMCID: PMC8775570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma with an extremely poor prognosis. It is characterized by high vascularization and its growth depends on the formation of new blood vessels. We have previously demonstrated that TRPML2 mucolipin channel expression increases with the glioma pathological grade. Herein by ddPCR and Western blot we found that the silencing of TRPML2 inhibits expression of the VEGFA/Notch2 angiogenic pathway. Moreover, the VEGFA/Notch2 expression increased in T98 and U251 cells stimulated with the TRPML2 agonist, ML2-SA1, or by enforced-TRPML2 levels. In addition, changes in TRPML2 expression or ML2-SA1-induced stimulation, affected Notch2 activation and VEGFA release. An increased invasion capability, associated with a reduced VEGF/VEGFR2 expression and increased vimentin and CD44 epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in siTRPML2, but not in enforced-TRPML2 or ML2-SA1-stimulated glioma cells, was demonstrated. Furthermore, an increased sensitivity to Doxorubicin cytotoxicity was demonstrated in siTRPML2, whereas ML2-SA1-treated GBM cells were more resistant. The role of proteasome in Cathepsin B-dependent and -independent pRB degradation in siTRPML2 compared with siGLO cells was studied. Finally, through Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found that high TRPML2 mRNA expression strongly correlates with short survival in GBM patients, supporting TRPML2 as a negative prognostic factor in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Santoni
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0737403319 (G.S.); +39-0737403312 (M.B.M.)
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Antonietta Arcella
- Neuropathology Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy;
| | - Federica Maggi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62100 Macerata, Italy;
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- School of Pharmacy, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (M.B.M.); Tel.: +39-0737403319 (G.S.); +39-0737403312 (M.B.M.)
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22
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PLGA/β-TCP composite scaffold incorporating cucurbitacin B promotes bone regeneration by inducing angiogenesis. J Orthop Translat 2021; 31:41-51. [PMID: 34804799 PMCID: PMC8571783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Vascularization is an essential step in successful bone tissue engineering. The induction of angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering can be enhanced through the delivery of therapeutic agents that stimulate vessel and bone formation. In this study, we show that cucurbitacin B (CuB), a tetracyclic terpene derived from Cucurbitaceae family plants, facilitates the induction of angiogenesis in vitro. Methods We incorporated CuB into a biodegradable poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biomaterial scaffold (PT/CuB) Using 3D low-temperature rapid prototyping (LT-RP) technology. A rat skull defect model was used to verify whether the drug-incorporated scaffold has the effects of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo for the regeneration of bone defect. Cytotoxicity assay was performed to determine the safe dose range of the CuB. Tube formation assay and western blot assay were used to analyze the angiogenesis effect of CuB. Results PT/CuB scaffold possessed well-designed bio-mimic structure and improved mechanical properties. CuB was linear release from the composite scaffold without affecting pH value. The results demonstrated that the PT/CuB scaffold significantly enhanced neovascularization and bone regeneration in a rat critical size calvarial defect model compared to the scaffold implants without CuB. Furthermore, CuB stimulated angiogenic signaling via up-regulating VEGFR2 and VEGFR-related signaling pathways. Conclusion CuB can serve as promising candidate compound for promoting neovascularization and osteogenesis, especially in tissue engineering for repair of bone defects. The translational potential of this article This study highlights the potential use of CuB as a therapeutic agent and strongly support its adoption as a component of composite scaffolds for tissue-engineering of bone repair.
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23
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The Role of WAVE2 Signaling in Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091217. [PMID: 34572403 PMCID: PMC8464821 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and WASP family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE)—WAVE1, WAVE2 and WAVE3 regulate rapid reorganization of cortical actin filaments and have been shown to form a key link between small GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Upon receiving upstream signals from Rho-family GTPases, the WASP and WAVE family proteins play a significant role in polymerization of actin cytoskeleton through activation of actin-related protein 2/3 complex (Arp2/3). The Arp2/3 complex, once activated, forms actin-based membrane protrusions essential for cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Thus, by activation of Arp2/3 complex, the WAVE and WASP family proteins, as part of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), have been shown to play a critical role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis, drawing significant research interest over recent years. Several studies have highlighted the potential for targeting the genes encoding either part of or a complete protein from the WASP/WAVE family as therapeutic strategies for preventing the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. WAVE2 is well documented to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human cancers, including lung, liver, pancreatic, prostate, colorectal and breast cancer, as well as other hematologic malignancies. This review focuses mainly on the role of WAVE2 in the development, invasion and metastasis of different types of cancer. This review also summarizes the molecular mechanisms that regulate the activity of WAVE2, as well as those oncogenic pathways that are regulated by WAVE2 to promote the cancer phenotype. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies that target WAVE2 or the WAVE regulatory complex, aimed at preventing or inhibiting cancer invasion and metastasis.
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24
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Abstract
Phospholipase C γ1 (PLCγ1) is a member of the PLC family that functions as signal transducer by hydrolyzing membrane lipid to generate second messengers. The unique protein structure of PLCγ1 confers a critical role as a direct effector of VEGFR2 and signaling mediated by other receptor tyrosine kinases. The distinct vascular phenotypes in PLCγ1-deficient animal models and the gain-of-function mutations of PLCγ1 found in human endothelial cancers point to a major physiological role of PLCγ1 in the endothelial system. In this review, we discuss aspects of physiological and molecular function centering around PLCγ1 in the context of endothelial cells and provide a perspective for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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25
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Zou T, Qi Y, Yi B, Dissanayaka WL, Zhang C. DPSCs treated by TGF-β1 regulate angiogenic sprouting of three-dimensionally co-cultured HUVECs and DPSCs through VEGF-Ang-Tie2 signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:281. [PMID: 33971955 PMCID: PMC8112067 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining the stability and maturation of blood vessels is of paramount importance for the vessels to carry out their physiological function. Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), pericytes, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are involved in the maturation process of the newly formed vessels. The aim of this study was to investigate whether transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) treatment could enhance pericyte-like properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and how TGF-β1-treated DPSCs for 7 days (T-DPSCs) stabilize the newly formed blood vessels. Methods We utilized TGF-β1 to treat DPSCs for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the expression of SMC markers. Functional contraction assay was conducted to assess the contractility of T-DPSCs. The effects of T-DPSC-conditioned media (T-DPSC-CM) on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and migration were examined by MTT, wound healing, and trans-well migration assay. Most importantly, in vitro 3D co-culture spheroidal sprouting assay was used to investigate the regulating role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-angiopoietin (Ang)-Tie2 signaling on angiogenic sprouting in 3D co-cultured spheroids of HUVECs and T-DPSCs. Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) and VEGF were used to treat the co-cultured spheroids to explore their roles in angiogenic sprouting. Inhibitors for Tie2 and VEGFR2 were used to block Ang1/Tie2 and VFGF/VEGFR2 signaling. Results Western blotting and immunofluorescence showed that the expression of SMC-specific markers (α-SMA and SM22α) were significantly increased after treatment with TGF-β1. Contractility of T-DPSCs was greater compared with that of DPSCs. T-DPSC-CM inhibited HUVEC migration. In vitro sprouting assay demonstrated that T-DPSCs enclosed HUVECs, resembling pericyte-like cells. Compared to co-culture with DPSCs, a smaller number of HUVEC sprouting was observed when co-cultured with T-DPSCs. VEGF and Ang2 co-stimulation significantly enhanced sprouting in HUVEC and T-DPSC co-culture spheroids, whereas VEGF or Ang2 alone exerted insignificant effects on HUVEC sprouting. Blocking Tie2 signaling reversed the sprouting inhibition by T-DPSCs, while blocking VEGF receptor (VEGFR) signaling boosted the sprouting inhibition by T-DPSCs. Conclusions This study revealed that TGF-β1 can induce DPSC differentiation into functional pericyte-like cells. T-DPSCs maintain vessel stability through Ang1/Tie2 and VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02349-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yubingqing Qi
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baicheng Yi
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Waruna Lakmal Dissanayaka
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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26
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Zhang S, Li X, Liu W, Zhang X, Huang L, Li S, Yang M, Zhao P, Yang J, Fei P, Zhu X, Yang Z. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identified DLG1 as a Candidate Gene for Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:309-316. [PMID: 33945310 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a blinding retinal vascular disease. Clinically, FEVR is characterized by incomplete vascularization of the peripheral retina and pathological neovascularization. Only about 50% of FEVR cases can be explained by known FEVR disease gene variations. This study aimed to identify novel genes associated with the FEVR phenotype and explore their pathogenic mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Exome sequencing analyses were conducted on one Chinese family with FEVR whose affected members did not exhibit pathogenic variants in the known FEVR genes (verified using Sanger sequencing analysis). Functions of the affected proteins were evaluated using reporter assays. Western blot analysis was used to detect mutant protein expression and the genes' pathogenic mechanisms. Results: A rare novel heterozygous variant in DLG1 (c.1792A>G; p.S598G) was identified. The amino acid residues surrounding the identified variant are highly conserved among vertebrates. A luciferase reporter assay revealed that the mutant DLG1 protein DLG1-S598G lost its ability to activate Wnt signaling. Moreover, a knockdown (KD) of DLG1 in human primary retinal endothelial cells impaired tube formation. Mechanistically, DLG1 KD led to a reduction in phosphorylated VEGFR2, an essential receptor for the angiogenic potency that signals the vascular endothelial growth factor molecule. Conclusions: The data reported here demonstrate that DLG1 is a novel candidate gene for FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulin Huang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujin Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyun Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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27
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Zhao L, Chen H, Lu L, Zhao C, Malichewe CV, Wang L, Guo X, Zhang X. Design and screening of a novel neuropilin-1 targeted penetrating peptide for anti-angiogenic therapy in glioma. Life Sci 2021; 270:119113. [PMID: 33508290 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to design and screen a dual functional fusion peptide that could penetrate the blood-brain barrier and target neuropilin 1 (NRP1) overexpressed in vascular endothelial cells for the anti-angiogenesis of glioma treatment. MAIN METHODS At the cellular level, the in vitro anti-angiogenic activity of six NRP1 targeting peptides was screened by testing the ability to inhibit the proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs. Then, the in vitro anti-angiogenic activity of two fusion peptides containing different linkers was screened by testing the ability to inhibit HUVECs proliferation, tube formation and migration. The effect of fusion peptide on VEGFR2 related signal pathway was confirmed by Western-blotting. Surface plasmon resonance technology was used to detect the affinity of the fusion peptide to NRP1. The ability of FITC-labeled peptides to penetrate cells was confirmed by cell uptake assay. By establishing an orthotopic glioma model, we evaluated the ability of FITC-labeled peptides to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and their anti-glioma growth activity in vivo. KEY FINDINGS We found that NRP1 targeting peptide RP7 and linker cysteine were the most suitable key components in the fusion peptide. We also found that the fusion peptide Tat-C-RP7 we constructed had the strongest ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and anti-angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE At present, NRP1 targeting peptide as a drug delivery tool and molecular probe seems to have received more attention. We constructed a fusion peptide Tat-C-RP7 with strong anti-angiogenic activity for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chunqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Christina V Malichewe
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiuli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Xinke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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28
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Capilliposide B blocks VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:110999. [PMID: 33227710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis is associated with intraocular diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration, and current therapies for these eye diseases are not satisfactory. The purpose of this study was to determine whether capilliposide B (CPS-B), a novel oleanane triterpenoid saponin derived from Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl, can inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis signaling events and cellular responses in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs). Our study revealed that the capilliposide B IC50 for HRECs was 8.5 μM at 72 h and that 1 μM capilliposide B specifically inhibited VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 and its downstream signaling enzymes Akt and Erk. In addition, we discovered that this chemical effectively blocked VEGF-stimulated proliferation, migration and tube formation of the HRECs, suggesting that capilliposide B is a promising prophylactic for angiogenesis-associated diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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29
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Jamalpour M, Bergquist E, Welsh M. Absence of the Shb gene in mixed-lineage leukemia MLL-AF9 cells increases latency in mice despite higher proliferation rates in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2020; 397:112368. [PMID: 33220260 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) arises from several KMT2A-gene chromosomal translocations. Shb gene deficiency has been found to exhibit pleiotropic effects in different models of leukemia, and consequently, this study aimed to investigate MLL-AF9-induced leukemia in Shb deficiency. Bone marrow cells from wild type and Shb knockout (KO) mice were transduced with the MLL-AF9 gene. Shb KO MLL-AF9 cells proliferated at an increased rate, exhibited altered expression of certain cytokine genes (Kitl, Csf3, IL6, IL1b) and higher expression of cell cycle genes (Ccnd2, Ccne1). Mice receiving Shb KO MLL-AF9 cells showed longer latency without displaying any difference in rates of leukemic cell proliferation, indicating a dichotomy between the in vitro and in vivo phenotypes. The mice with Shb deficient MLL-AF9 cells had a lower content of leukemic bone marrow cells allowing elevated normal hematopoiesis, explaining the longer latency. Finally, Shb knockout GFP-positive bone marrow cells showed a higher percentage of cells expressing myeloid markers. The result suggests a role of Shb in the progression of leukemia and that the relevance of the Shb gene is context-dependent as inferred from the differences between the in vivo and in vitro responses. These findings help to obtain an increased understanding of human MLL-AF9 leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jamalpour
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eric Bergquist
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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30
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Lian C, Zhao L, Qiu J, Wang Y, Chen R, Liu Z, Cui J, Zhu X, Wen X, Wang S, Wang J. miR-25-3p promotes endothelial cell angiogenesis in aging mice via TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 downregulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22599-22613. [PMID: 33201836 PMCID: PMC7746355 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In aging, the regulation of angiogenesis is a dynamic and complex process. We aimed to identify and characterize microRNAs that regulate angiogenesis during aging. We showed that, in response to vascular endothelial senescence, microRNA-25-3p (miR-25-3p) plays the role of an angiogenic microRNA by targeting TULA-2 (T-cell ubiquitin ligand-2)/SYK (spleen tyrosine kinase)/VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) signaling in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that miR-25-3p inhibits a TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway in endothelial cells. In old endothelial cells (OECs), upregulation of miR-25-3p inhibited the expression of TULA-2, which caused downregulation of the interaction between TULA-2 and SYK and increased phosphorylation of SYK Y323. The increased SYK Y323 phosphorylation level upregulated the phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 Y1175, which plays a vital role in angiogenesis, while miR-25-3p downregulation in YECs showed opposite effects. Finally, a salvage study showed that miR-25-3p upregulation promoted capillary regeneration and hindlimb blood flow recovery in aging mice with hindlimb ischemia. These findings suggest that miR-25-3p acts as an agonist of TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 and mediates the endothelial cell angiogenesis response, which shows that the miR-25-3p/TULA-2 pathway may be potential therapeutic targets for angiogenesis during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Lian
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiacong Qiu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rencong Chen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin Cui
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xuejun Wen
- Institute for Engineering and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
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31
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Wang X, Bove AM, Simone G, Ma B. Molecular Bases of VEGFR-2-Mediated Physiological Function and Pathological Role. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:599281. [PMID: 33304904 PMCID: PMC7701214 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.599281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) play crucial roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is an important mechanism in many physiological and pathological processes, and is involved in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival, then leads to further tubulogenesis, and finally promotes formation of vessels. This series of signaling cascade pathways are precisely mediated by VEGF/VEGFR-2 system. The VEGF binding to the IgD2 and IgD3 of VEGFR-2 induces the dimerization of the receptor, subsequently the activation and trans-autophosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase, and then the initiation of the intracellular signaling cascades. Finally the VEGF-activated VEGFR-2 stimulates and mediates variety of signaling transduction, biological responses, and pathological processes in angiogenesis. Several crucial phosphorylated sites Tyr801, Try951, Try1175, and Try1214 in the VEGFR-2 intracellular domains mediate several key signaling processes including PLCγ-PKC, TSAd-Src-PI3K-Akt, SHB-FAK-paxillin, SHB-PI3K-Akt, and NCK-p38-MAPKAPK2/3 pathways. Based on the molecular structure and signaling pathways of VEGFR-2, the strategy of the VEGFR-2-targeted therapy should be considered to employ in the treatment of the VEGF/VEGFR-2-associated diseases by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, inhibiting VEGF and VEGFR-2 gene expression, blocking the binding of VEGF and VEGFR-2, and preventing the proliferation, migration, and survival of vascular endothelial cells expressing VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | | | - Binyun Ma
- Department of Medicine/Hematology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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32
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Ntellas P, Mavroeidis L, Gkoura S, Gazouli I, Amylidi AL, Papadaki A, Zarkavelis G, Mauri D, Karpathiou G, Kolettas E, Batistatou A, Pentheroudakis G. Old Player-New Tricks: Non Angiogenic Effects of the VEGF/VEGFR Pathway in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3145. [PMID: 33121034 PMCID: PMC7692709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis has long been considered to facilitate and sustain cancer growth, making the introduction of anti-angiogenic agents that disrupt the vascular endothelial growth factor/receptor (VEGF/VEGFR) pathway an important milestone at the beginning of the 21st century. Originally research on VEGF signaling focused on its survival and mitogenic effects towards endothelial cells, with moderate so far success of anti-angiogenic therapy. However, VEGF can have multiple effects on additional cell types including immune and tumor cells, by directly influencing and promoting tumor cell survival, proliferation and invasion and contributing to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the effects of the VEGF/VEGFR pathway on non-endothelial cells and the resulting implications of anti-angiogenic agents that include direct inhibition of tumor cell growth and immunostimulatory functions. Finally, we present how previously unappreciated studies on VEGF biology, that have demonstrated immunomodulatory properties and tumor regression by disrupting the VEGF/VEGFR pathway, now provide the scientific basis for new combinational treatments of immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Ntellas
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Leonidas Mavroeidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Stefania Gkoura
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Gazouli
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna-Lea Amylidi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandra Papadaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Zarkavelis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Davide Mauri
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of St-Etienne, 42055 Saint Etienne, France;
| | - Evangelos Kolettas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Biomedical Research Division, Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology, 45115 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anna Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - George Pentheroudakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (P.N.); (L.M.); (S.G.); (I.G.); (A.-L.A.); (A.P.); (G.Z.); (D.M.)
- Society for Study of Clonal Heterogeneity of Neoplasia (EMEKEN), 45445 Ioannina, Greece
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Jiang X, Wang J, Deng X, Xiong F, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, Cao K, Deng H, He Y, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Guo C, Zeng Z, Li G, Li X, Xiong W. The role of microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:204. [PMID: 32993787 PMCID: PMC7526376 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is necessary for the continued survival and development of tumor cells, and plays an important role in their growth, invasion, and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment—composed of tumor cells, surrounding cells, and secreted cytokines—provides a conducive environment for the growth and survival of tumors. Different components of the tumor microenvironment can regulate tumor development. In this review, we have discussed the regulatory role of the microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. High expression of angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment, as well as hypoxia, are presumed to be the reasons for poor therapeutic efficacy of current anti-angiogenic drugs. A combination of anti-angiogenic drugs and antitumor inflammatory drugs or hypoxia inhibitors might improve the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangying Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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34
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Pietilä I, Van Mourik D, Tamelander A, Kriz V, Claesson-Welsh L, Tengholm A, Welsh M. Temporal Dynamics of VEGFA-Induced VEGFR2/FAK Co-Localization Depend on SHB. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121645. [PMID: 31847469 PMCID: PMC6953046 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is essential for vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA)/VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2)-stimulated angiogenesis and vascular permeability. We have previously noted that presence of the Src homology-2 domain adapter protein B (SHB) is of relevance for VEGFA-stimulated angiogenesis in a FAK-dependent manner. The current study was conducted in order address the temporal dynamics of co-localization between these components in HEK293 and primary lung endothelial cells (EC) by total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF). An early (<2.5 min) VEGFA-induced increase in VEGFR2 co-localization with SHB was dependent on tyrosine 1175 in VEGFR2. VEGFA also enhanced SHB co-localization with FAK. FAK co-localization with VEGFR2 was dependent on SHB since it was significantly lower in SHB deficient EC after VEGFA addition. Absence of SHB also resulted in a gradual decline of VEGFR2 co-localization with FAK under basal (prior to VEGFA addition) conditions. A similar basal response was observed with expression of the Y1175F-VEGFR2 mutant in wild type EC. The distribution of focal adhesions in SHB-deficient EC was altered with a primarily perinuclear location. These live cell data implicate SHB as a key component regulating FAK activity in response to VEGFA/VEGFR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Pietilä
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; (I.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
- Present address: Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75108 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Djenolan Van Mourik
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; (I.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Andreas Tamelander
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; (I.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Vitezslav Kriz
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the CAS, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75108 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Anders Tengholm
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; (I.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Michael Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden; (I.P.); (D.V.M.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-184-714-447
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35
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Testini C, Smith RO, Jin Y, Martinsson P, Sun Y, Hedlund M, Sáinz‐Jaspeado M, Shibuya M, Hellström M, Claesson‐Welsh L. Myc-dependent endothelial proliferation is controlled by phosphotyrosine 1212 in VEGF receptor-2. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47845. [PMID: 31545012 PMCID: PMC6832004 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exaggerated signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and its receptor, VEGFR2, in pathologies results in poor vessel function. Still, pharmacological suppression of VEGFA/VEGFR2 may aggravate disease. Delineating VEGFR2 signaling in vivo provides strategies for suppression of specific VEGFR2-induced pathways. Three VEGFR2 tyrosine residues (Y949, Y1212, and Y1173) induce downstream signaling. Here, we show that knock-in of phenylalanine to create VEGFR2 Y1212F in C57Bl/6 and FVB mouse strains leads to loss of growth factor receptor-bound protein 2- and phosphoinositide 3'-kinase (PI3K)p85 signaling. C57Bl/6 Vegfr2Y1212F/Y1212F show reduced embryonic endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and partial lethality. FVB Vegfr2Y1212F/Y1212F show reduced postnatal EC proliferation. Reduced EC proliferation in Vegfr2Y1212F/Y1212F explants is rescued by c-Myc overexpression. We conclude that VEGFR2 Y1212 signaling induces activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and Akt pathways required for c-Myc-dependent gene regulation, endothelial proliferation, and vessel stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Testini
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Present address:
Transplant Research ProgramBoston Children's Hospital, and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Ross O Smith
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Pernilla Martinsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Marie Hedlund
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Miguel Sáinz‐Jaspeado
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Institute of Physiology and MedicineJobu UniversityTakasakiGunmaJapan
| | - Mats Hellström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Lena Claesson‐Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
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36
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Korf-Klingebiel M, Reboll MR, Grote K, Schleiner H, Wang Y, Wu X, Klede S, Mikhed Y, Bauersachs J, Klintschar M, Rudat C, Kispert A, Niessen HW, Lübke T, Dierks T, Wollert KC. Heparan Sulfate-Editing Extracellular Sulfatases Enhance VEGF Bioavailability for Ischemic Heart Repair. Circ Res 2019; 125:787-801. [PMID: 31434553 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mechanistic insight into the inflammatory response after acute myocardial infarction may inform new molecularly targeted treatment strategies to prevent chronic heart failure. OBJECTIVE We identified the sulfatase SULF2 in an in silico secretome analysis in bone marrow cells from patients with acute myocardial infarction and detected increased sulfatase activity in myocardial autopsy samples. SULF2 (Sulf2 in mice) and its isoform SULF1 (Sulf1) act as endosulfatases removing 6-O-sulfate groups from heparan sulfate (HS) in the extracellular space, thus eliminating docking sites for HS-binding proteins. We hypothesized that the Sulfs have a role in tissue repair after myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Both Sulfs were dynamically upregulated after coronary artery ligation in mice, attaining peak expression and activity levels during the first week after injury. Sulf2 was expressed by monocytes and macrophages, Sulf1 by endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Infarct border zone capillarization was impaired, scar size increased, and cardiac dysfunction more pronounced in mice with a genetic deletion of either Sulf1 or Sulf2. Studies in bone marrow-chimeric Sulf-deficient mice and Sulf-deficient cardiac endothelial cells established that inflammatory cell-derived Sulf2 and endothelial cell-autonomous Sulf1 promote angiogenesis. Mechanistically, both Sulfs reduced HS sulfation in the infarcted myocardium, thereby diminishing Vegfa (vascular endothelial growth factor A) interaction with HS. Along this line, both Sulfs rendered infarcted mouse heart explants responsive to the angiogenic effects of HS-binding Vegfa164 but did not modulate the angiogenic effects of non-HS-binding Vegfa120. Treating wild-type mice systemically with the small molecule HS-antagonist surfen (bis-2-methyl-4-amino-quinolyl-6-carbamide, 1 mg/kg/day) for 7 days after myocardial infarction released Vegfa from HS, enhanced infarct border-zone capillarization, and exerted sustained beneficial effects on cardiac function and survival. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish HS-editing Sulfs as critical inducers of postinfarction angiogenesis and identify HS sulfation as a therapeutic target for ischemic tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mortimer Korf-Klingebiel
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Marc R Reboll
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Karsten Grote
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Hauke Schleiner
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Xuekun Wu
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Stefanie Klede
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Yuliya Mikhed
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Rudat
- Institute of Molecular Biology (C.R., A.K.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology (C.R., A.K.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Hans W Niessen
- Department of Pathology and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (H.W.N.)
| | - Torben Lübke
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry I, Bielefeld University, Germany (T.L., T.D.)
| | - Thomas Dierks
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry I, Bielefeld University, Germany (T.L., T.D.)
| | - Kai C Wollert
- From the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology (M.K.-K., M.R.R., K.G., H.S., Y.W., X.W., S.K., Y.M., J.B., K.C.W.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Bujaldon E, Cornide-Petronio ME, Gulfo J, Rotondo F, Ávalos de León C, Negrete-Sánchez E, Gracia-Sancho J, Novials A, Jiménez-Castro MB, Peralta Uroz C. Relevance of VEGFA in rat livers subjected to partial hepatectomy under ischemia-reperfusion. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1299-1314. [PMID: 31254006 PMCID: PMC6713699 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract We examined the effects of VEGFA on damage and regeneration in steatotic and non-steatotic livers of rats submitted to PH under I/R, and characterized the underlying mechanisms involved. Our results indicated that VEGFA levels were decreased in both steatotic and non-steatotic livers after surgery. The administration of VEGFA increased VEGFA levels in non-steatotic livers, reducing the incidence of post-operative complications following surgery through the VEGFR2-Wnt2 pathway, independently of Id1. Unexpectedly, administration of VEGFA notably reduced VEGFA levels in steatotic livers, exacerbating damage and regenerative failure. After exogenous administration of VEGFA in steatotic animals, circulating VEGFA is sequestered by the high circulating levels of sFlt1 released from adipose tissue. Under such conditions, VEGFA cannot reach the steatotic liver to exert its effects. Consequently, the concomitant administration of VEGFA and an antibody against sFlt1 was required to avoid binding of sFlt1 to VEGFA. This was associated with high VEGFA levels in steatotic livers and protection against damage and regenerative failure, plus improvement in the survival rate via up-regulation of PI3K/Akt independently of the Id1-Wnt2 pathway. The current study highlights the different effects and signaling pathways of VEGFA in liver surgery requiring PH and I/R based in the presence of steatosis. Key messages VEGFA administration improves PH+I/R injury only in non-steatotic livers of Ln animals. VEGFA benefits are exerted through the VEGFR2-Wnt2 pathway in non-steatotic livers. In Ob rats, exogenous VEGFA is sequestered by circulating sFlt1, exacerbating liver damage. Therapeutic combination of VEGFA and anti-sFlt1 is required to protect steatotic livers. VEGFA+anti-sFlt1 treatment protects steatotic livers through a VEGFR2-PI3K/Akt pathway.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-019-01811-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Bujaldon
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Gulfo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Floriana Rotondo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cindy Ávalos de León
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Negrete-Sánchez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Novials
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Peralta Uroz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain. .,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad International de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain.
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38
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Effects of Intestinal Microbial⁻Elaborated Butyrate on Oncogenic Signaling Pathways. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051026. [PMID: 31067776 PMCID: PMC6566851 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is well known to have multiple benefits on human health, including cancer prevention and treatment. The effects are partially mediated by microbiota-produced short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate, propionate and acetate. The anti-cancer effect of butyrate has been demonstrated in cancer cell cultures and animal models of cancer. Butyrate, as a signaling molecule, has effects on multiple signaling pathways. The most studied effect is its inhibition on histone deacetylase (HDAC), which leads to alterations of several important oncogenic signaling pathways such as JAK2/STAT3, VEGF. Butyrate can interfere with both mitochondrial apoptotic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. In addition, butyrate also reduces gut inflammation by promoting T-regulatory cell differentiation with decreased activities of the NF-κB and STAT3 pathways. Through PKC and Wnt pathways, butyrate increases cancer cell differentiation. Furthermore, butyrate regulates oncogenic signaling molecules through microRNAs and methylation. Therefore, butyrate has the potential to be incorporated into cancer prevention and treatment regimens. In this review we summarize recent progress in butyrate research and discuss the future development of butyrate as an anti-cancer agent with emphasis on its effects on oncogenic signaling pathways. The low bioavailability of butyrate is a problem, which precludes clinical application. The disadvantage of butyrate for medicinal applications may be overcome by several approaches including nano-delivery, analogue development and combination use with other anti-cancer agents or phytochemicals.
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39
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Kumar S, Jeong Y, Ashraf MU, Bae YS. Dendritic Cell-Mediated Th2 Immunity and Immune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092159. [PMID: 31052382 PMCID: PMC6539046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen-presenting cells that recognize and present antigens to naïve T cells to induce antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Among the T-cell subsets, T helper type 2 (Th2) cells produce the humoral immune responses required for protection against helminthic disease by activating B cells. DCs induce a Th2 immune response at a certain immune environment. Basophil, eosinophil, mast cells, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells also induce Th2 immunity. However, in the case of DCs, controversy remains regarding which subsets of DCs induce Th2 immunity, which genes in DCs are directly or indirectly involved in inducing Th2 immunity, and the detailed mechanisms underlying induction, regulation, or maintenance of the DC-mediated Th2 immunity against allergic environments and parasite infection. A recent study has shown that a genetic defect in DCs causes an enhanced Th2 immunity leading to severe atopic dermatitis. We summarize the Th2 immune-inducing DC subsets, the genetic and environmental factors involved in DC-mediated Th2 immunity, and current therapeutic approaches for Th2-mediated immune disorders. This review is to provide an improved understanding of DC-mediated Th2 immunity and Th1/Th2 immune balancing, leading to control over their adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yideul Jeong
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Umer Ashraf
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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40
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Synchronous vascular endothelial growth factor protein profiles in both tissue and serum identify metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4228. [PMID: 30862805 PMCID: PMC6414611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. We examined if tumor tissue and circulating protein levels of all vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) were synchronous and different in Taiwan patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) vs. non-mCRC. We analyzed samples from 109 patients enrolled from 2005–2017, 50 with stages I/II and 59 with stages III/IV CRC. We found that VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, placental growth factor (PlGF), VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3 were higher in tumor tissues than non-tumor tissues. Metastatic patients had higher levels of circulating VEGFs and soluble VEGFRs (sVEGFRs) than healthy subjects, as well as higher VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, and PlGF proteins in both tumor tissue and serum than non-metastatic patients. Protein levels of VEGF and VEGFR were mainly associated with the patient’s age, tumor site, tumor size, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis. Patients exhibiting high levels of VEGF, VEGFR, and sVEGFR had a shorter overall survival and disease-free survival than those with low levels. We conclude that synchronous changes in VEGF and VEGFR levels in CRC tissue and serum VEGF can discriminate between metastatic and non-metastatic subjects and high levels are associated with poor survival in CRC.
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41
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Jo DH, Kim JH, Kim JH. Targeting tyrosine kinases for treatment of ocular tumors. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 42:305-318. [PMID: 30470974 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular primary malignant tumor in adults, and retinoblastoma is the one in children. Current mainstay treatment options include chemotherapy using conventional drugs and enucleation, the total removal of the eyeball. Targeted therapies based on profound understanding of molecular mechanisms of ocular tumors may increase the possibility of preserving the eyeball and the vision. Tyrosine kinases, which modulate signaling pathways regarding various cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and attachment, are one of the attractive targets for targeted therapies against uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma. In this review, the roles of both types of tyrosine kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases and non-receptor tyrosine kinases, were summarized in relation with ocular tumors. Although the conventional treatment options for uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma are radiotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively, specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors will enhance our armamentarium against them by controlling cancer-associated signaling pathways related to tyrosine kinases. This review can be a stepping stone for widening treatment options and realizing targeted therapies against uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Tumor Microenvironment Research Center, Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Targeted Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113491. [PMID: 30404198 PMCID: PMC6274851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, several molecular targeted inhibitors have been developed and evaluated clinically to improve the survival of patients with cancer. Molecular targeted inhibitors inhibit the activities of pathogenic tyrosine kinases. Particularly, aberrant receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activation is a potential therapeutic target. An increased understanding of genetics, cellular biology and structural biology has led to the development of numerous important therapeutics. Pathogenic RTK mutations, deletions, translocations and amplification/over-expressions have been identified and are currently being examined for their roles in cancers. Therapies targeting RTKs are categorized as small-molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Studies are underway to explore abnormalities in 20 types of RTK subfamilies in patients with cancer or other diseases. In this review, we describe representative RTKs important for developing cancer therapeutics and predicting or evaluated resistance mechanisms.
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43
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Park SA, Jeong MS, Ha KT, Jang SB. Structure and function of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor system. BMB Rep 2018; 51:73-78. [PMID: 29397867 PMCID: PMC5836560 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (VEGF-VEGFR) system play a critical role in the regulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in vertebrates. Each of the VEGF has specific receptors, which it activates by binding to the extracellular domain of the receptors, and, thus, regulates the angiogenic balance in the early embryonic and adult stages. However, de-regulation of the VEGF-VEGFR implicates directly in various diseases, particularly cancer. Moreover, tumor growth needs a dedicated blood supply to provide oxygen and other essential nutrients. Tumor metastasis requires blood vessels to carry tumors to distant sites, where they can implant and begin the growth of secondary tumors. Thus, investigation of signaling systems related to the human disease, such as VEGF-VEGFR, will facilitate the development of treatments for such illnesses. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(2): 73-78].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ah Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Mi Suk Jeong
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine and Korean Medicine Research Centre for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Se Bok Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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44
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Jamalpour M, Li X, Gustafsson K, Tyner JW, Welsh M. Disparate effects of Shb gene deficiency on disease characteristics in murine models of myeloid, B-cell, and T-cell leukemia. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318771472. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428318771472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Src homology-2 domain protein B is an adaptor protein operating downstream of tyrosine kinases. The Shb gene knockout has been found to accelerate p210 Breakpoint cluster region-cAbl oncogene 1 tyrosine kinase-induced leukemia. In human myeloid leukemia were tumors with high Src homology-2 domain protein B mRNA content, tumors were, however, associated with decreased latency and myeloid leukemia exhibiting immune cell characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Shb knockout on the development of leukemia in three additional models, that is, colony stimulating factor 3 receptor-T618I–induced neutrophilic leukemia, p190 Breakpoint cluster region-cAbl oncogene 1 tyrosine kinase-induced B-cell leukemia, and G12D-Kras-induced T-cell leukemia/thymic lymphoma. Wild-type or Shb knockout bone marrow cells expressing the oncogenes were transplanted to bone marrow–deficient recipients. Organs from moribund mice were collected and further analyzed. Shb knockout increased the development of CSF3RT618I-induced leukemia and increased the white blood cell count at the time of death. In the p190 Breakpoint cluster region-cAbl oncogene 1 tyrosine kinase B-cell model, Shb knockout reduced white blood cell counts without affecting latency, whereas in the G12D-Kras T-cell model, thymus size was increased without major effects on latency, suggesting that Shb knockout accelerates the development thymic lymphoma. Cytokine secretion plays a role in the progression of leukemia, and consequently Shb knockout bone marrows exhibited lower expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor and interleukin 6 in the neutrophilic model and interleukin 7 and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (C-X-C motif chemokine 12) in the B-cell model. It is concluded that in experimental mouse models, the absence of the Shb gene exacerbates the disease in myeloid leukemia, whereas it alters the disease characteristics without affecting latency in B- and T-cell leukemia. The results suggest a role of Shb in modulating the disease characteristics depending on the oncogenic insult operating on hematopoietic cells. These findings help explain the outcome of human disease in relation to Src homology-2 domain protein B mRNA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jamalpour
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Gustafsson
- Harvard Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and the Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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45
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Peach CJ, Mignone VW, Arruda MA, Alcobia DC, Hill SJ, Kilpatrick LE, Woolard J. Molecular Pharmacology of VEGF-A Isoforms: Binding and Signalling at VEGFR2. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1264. [PMID: 29690653 PMCID: PMC5979509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is a key mediator of angiogenesis, signalling via the class IV tyrosine kinase receptor family of VEGF Receptors (VEGFRs). Although VEGF-A ligands bind to both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, they primarily signal via VEGFR2 leading to endothelial cell proliferation, survival, migration and vascular permeability. Distinct VEGF-A isoforms result from alternative splicing of the Vegfa gene at exon 8, resulting in VEGFxxxa or VEGFxxxb isoforms. Alternative splicing events at exons 5⁻7, in addition to recently identified posttranslational read-through events, produce VEGF-A isoforms that differ in their bioavailability and interaction with the co-receptor Neuropilin-1. This review explores the molecular pharmacology of VEGF-A isoforms at VEGFR2 in respect to ligand binding and downstream signalling. To understand how VEGF-A isoforms have distinct signalling despite similar affinities for VEGFR2, this review re-evaluates the typical classification of these isoforms relative to the prototypical, “pro-angiogenic” VEGF165a. We also examine the molecular mechanisms underpinning the regulation of VEGF-A isoform signalling and the importance of interactions with other membrane and extracellular matrix proteins. As approved therapeutics targeting the VEGF-A/VEGFR signalling axis largely lack long-term efficacy, understanding these isoform-specific mechanisms could aid future drug discovery efforts targeting VEGF receptor pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe J Peach
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Viviane W Mignone
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
- CAPES-University of Nottingham Programme in Drug Discovery, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Maria Augusta Arruda
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
- CAPES-University of Nottingham Programme in Drug Discovery, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Diana C Alcobia
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Stephen J Hill
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Laura E Kilpatrick
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Jeanette Woolard
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands NG7 2UH, UK.
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46
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Baci D, Bruno A, Bassani B, Tramacere M, Mortara L, Albini A, Noonan DM. Acetyl-l-carnitine is an anti-angiogenic agent targeting the VEGFR2 and CXCR4 pathways. Cancer Lett 2018; 429:100-116. [PMID: 29678548 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carnitines play an important role in the energy exchange in cells, and are involved in the transport of fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane. l-Acetylcarnitine (ALCAR) is an acetic acid ester of carnitine that has higher bioavailability and is considered a fat-burning energizer supplement. We previously found that in serum samples from prostate cancer (PCa) patients, 3 carnitine family members were significantly decreased, suggesting a potential protective role of carnitine against PCa. Several studies support beneficial effects of carnitines on cancer, no study has investigated the activities of carnitine on tumor angiogenesis. We examined whether ALCAR acts as an "angiopreventive" compound and studied the molecular mechanisms involved. We found that ALCAR was able to limit inflammatory angiogenesis by reducing stimulated endothelial cell and macrophage infiltration in vitro and in vivo. Molecularly, we show that ALCAR downregulates VEGF, VEGFR2, CXCL12, CXCR4 and FAK pathways. ALCAR blocked the activation of NF-κB and ICAM-1 and reduced the adhesion of a monocyte cell line to endothelial cells. This is the first study showing that ALCAR has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties and might be an attractive candidate for cancer angioprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Baci
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bassani
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde Tramacere
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Angiogenesis, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Modulates Endothelial Cell Functions by NADPH Oxidase-Dependent VEGFR2 Transactivation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2609847. [PMID: 29743977 PMCID: PMC5884202 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2609847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the vasculature, NADPH oxidase is the main contributor of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which play a key role in endothelial signalling and functions. We demonstrate that ECV304 cells express p47phox, p67phox, and p22phox subunits of NADPH oxidase, as well as formyl peptide receptors 1 and 3 (FPR1/3), which are members of the GPCR family. By RT-PCR, we also detected Flt-1 and Flk-1/KDR in these cells. Stimulation of FPR1 by N-fMLP induces p47phox phosphorylation, which is the crucial event for NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production. Transphosphorylation of RTKs by GPCRs is a biological mechanism through which the information exchange is amplified throughout the cell. ROS act as signalling intermediates in the transactivation mechanism. We show that N-fMLP stimulation induces the phosphorylation of cytosolic Y951, Y996, and Y1175 residues of VEGFR2, which constitute the anchoring sites for signalling molecules. These, in turn, activate PI3K/Akt and PLC-γ1/PKC intracellular pathways. FPR1-induced ROS production plays a critical role in this cross-talk mechanism. In fact, inhibition of FPR1 and/or NADPH oxidase functions prevents VEGFR2 transactivation and the triggering of the downstream signalling cascades. N-fMLP stimulation also ameliorates cellular migration and capillary-like network formation ability of ECV304 cells.
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Rodriguez-Fernandez S, Pujol-Autonell I, Brianso F, Perna-Barrull D, Cano-Sarabia M, Garcia-Jimeno S, Villalba A, Sanchez A, Aguilera E, Vazquez F, Verdaguer J, Maspoch D, Vives-Pi M. Phosphatidylserine-Liposomes Promote Tolerogenic Features on Dendritic Cells in Human Type 1 Diabetes by Apoptotic Mimicry. Front Immunol 2018; 9:253. [PMID: 29491866 PMCID: PMC5817077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disease caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. With its incidence increasing worldwide, to find a safe approach to permanently cease autoimmunity and allow β-cell recovery has become vital. Relying on the inherent ability of apoptotic cells to induce immunological tolerance, we demonstrated that liposomes mimicking apoptotic β-cells arrested autoimmunity to β-cells and prevented experimental T1D through tolerogenic dendritic cell (DC) generation. These liposomes contained phosphatidylserine (PS)—the main signal of the apoptotic cell membrane—and β-cell autoantigens. To move toward a clinical application, PS-liposomes with optimum size and composition for phagocytosis were loaded with human insulin peptides and tested on DCs from patients with T1D and control age-related subjects. PS accelerated phagocytosis of liposomes with a dynamic typical of apoptotic cell clearance, preserving DCs viability. After PS-liposomes phagocytosis, the expression pattern of molecules involved in efferocytosis, antigen presentation, immunoregulation, and activation in DCs concurred with a tolerogenic functionality, both in patients and control subjects. Furthermore, DCs exposed to PS-liposomes displayed decreased ability to stimulate autologous T cell proliferation. Moreover, transcriptional changes in DCs from patients with T1D after PS-liposomes phagocytosis pointed to an immunoregulatory prolife. Bioinformatics analysis showed 233 differentially expressed genes. Genes involved in antigen presentation were downregulated, whereas genes pertaining to tolerogenic/anti-inflammatory pathways were mostly upregulated. In conclusion, PS-liposomes phagocytosis mimics efferocytosis and leads to phenotypic and functional changes in human DCs, which are accountable for tolerance induction. The herein reported results reinforce the potential of this novel immunotherapy to re-establish immunological tolerance, opening the door to new therapeutic approaches in the field of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodriguez-Fernandez
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Irma Pujol-Autonell
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ferran Brianso
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Perna-Barrull
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mary Cano-Sarabia
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sonia Garcia-Jimeno
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Adrian Villalba
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alex Sanchez
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Aguilera
- Endocrinology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Federico Vazquez
- Endocrinology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Joan Verdaguer
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida & IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.,CIBERDEM, ISCiii, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Bellaterra, Spain.,ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vives-Pi
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.,CIBERDEM, ISCiii, Madrid, Spain
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49
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Yan MS, Turgeon PJ, Man HSJ, Dubinsky MK, Ho JJD, El-Rass S, Wang YD, Wen XY, Marsden PA. Histone acetyltransferase 7 (KAT7)-dependent intragenic histone acetylation regulates endothelial cell gene regulation. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4381-4402. [PMID: 29414790 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the functional role of chromatin marks at promoters in mediating cell-restricted gene expression has been well characterized, the role of intragenic chromatin marks is not well understood, especially in endothelial cell (EC) gene expression. Here, we characterized the histone H3 and H4 acetylation profiles of 19 genes with EC-enriched expression via locus-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by ultra-high-resolution (5 bp) tiling array analysis in ECs versus non-ECs throughout their genomic loci. Importantly, these genes exhibit differential EC enrichment of H3 and H4 acetylation in their promoter in ECs versus non-ECs. Interestingly, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-1 show EC-enriched acetylation across broad intragenic regions and are up-regulated in non-ECs by histone deacetylase inhibition. It is unclear which histone acetyltransferases (KATs) are key to EC physiology. Depletion of KAT7 reduced VEGFR-2 expression and disrupted angiogenic potential. Microarray analysis of KAT7-depleted ECs identified 263 differentially regulated genes, many of which are key for growth and angiogenic potential. KAT7 inhibition in zebrafish embryos disrupted vessel formation and caused loss of circulatory integrity, especially hemorrhage, all of which were rescued with human KAT7. Notably, perturbed EC-enriched gene expression, especially the VEGFR-2 homologs, contributed to these vascular defects. Mechanistically, KAT7 participates in VEGFR-2 transcription by mediating RNA polymerase II binding, H3 lysine 14, and H4 acetylation in its intragenic region. Collectively, our findings support the importance of differential histone acetylation at both promoter and intragenic regions of EC genes and reveal a previously underappreciated role of KAT7 and intragenic histone acetylation in regulating VEGFR-2 and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Yan
- From the Departments of Medical Biophysics and.,Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and
| | - Paul J Turgeon
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology
| | - Hon-Sum Jeffrey Man
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and
| | - Michelle K Dubinsky
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and
| | - J J David Ho
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 31336, and.,the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 31336
| | - Suzan El-Rass
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and
| | - You-Dong Wang
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and
| | - Xiao-Yan Wen
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and
| | - Philip A Marsden
- From the Departments of Medical Biophysics and .,Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, and.,Institute of Medical Science, and.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
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50
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Parida S, Chakraborty S, Maji RK, Ghosh Z. Elucidating the gene regulatory networks modulating cancer stem cells and non-stem cancer cells in high grade serous ovarian cancer. Genomics 2018; 111:103-113. [PMID: 29355597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The origin and pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer have perplexed investigators for decades. The most prevalent type of it is the high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOv) which is a highly aggressive disease with high relapse rates and insurgence of chemo-resistance at later stages of treatment. These are driven by a rare population of stem cell like cancer cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). We have taken up a systems approach to find out the common gene interaction paths between non-CSC tumor cells (CCs) and CSCs in HGSOv. Detailed investigation reveals a set of 17 Transcription Factors (named as pivot-TFs) which can govern changes in the mode of gene regulation along these paths. Overall, this work highlights a divergent road map of functional information relayed by these common key players in the two cell states, which might aid towards designing novel therapeutic measures to target the CSCs for ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibun Parida
- Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | | | | | - Zhumur Ghosh
- Bioinformatics Centre, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India.
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