1
|
Jiang L, Liu X, Liu L, Su L, Lu Z, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhang W, Zhang S, Xu W, Zhang J, Zhang K, Zhan Y, Xie X, Li R, Dong X, Jin H, Zhang B, Li Y. Knocking out FAM20C in pre-osteoblasts leads to up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation to affect long bone development. Gene 2024; 915:148396. [PMID: 38552750 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Family with sequence similarity 20 member C (FAM20C) is a Golgi casein kinase that phosphorylates extracellularly-secreted regulatory proteins involved in bone development and mineralization, but its specific role in bone development is still largely unknown. In this study, to examine the specific mechanisms that FAM20C influences bone development, we cross-bred Osx-Cre with FAM20Cflox/flox mice to establish a Osx-Cre; FAM20Cflox/flox knockout (oKO) mouse model; FAM20C was KO in pre-osteoblasts. oKO development was examined at 1-10 weeks, in which compared to control FAM20Cflox/flox, they had lower body weights and bone tissue mineralization. Furthermore, oKO had lower bone volume fractions, thickness, and trabecular numbers, along with higher degrees of trabecular separation. These mice also had decreased femoral metaphyseal cartilage proliferation layer, along with thickened hypertrophic layer and increased apoptotic cell counts. Transcriptomic analysis found that differentially-expressed genes in oKO were concentrated in the osteoclast differentiation pathway, in line with increased osteoclast presence. Additionally, up-regulation of osteoclast-related, and down-regulation of osteogenesis-related genes, were identified, in which the most up-regulated genes were signal regulatory protein β-1 family (Sirpb1a-c) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 13. Overall, FAM20C KO in pre-osteoblasts leads to abnormal long bone development, likely due to subsequent up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation-associated genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jiang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinpeng Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixue Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lide Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Zeyu Lu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuyao Guo
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shujian Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Runhang Li
- School of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinhe Dong
- School of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Jin
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Geng R, Zhao Y, Xu W, Ma X, Jiang Y, Han X, Zhao L, Li Y. SIRPB1 regulates inflammatory factor expression in the glioma microenvironment via SYK: functional and bioinformatics insights. J Transl Med 2024; 22:338. [PMID: 38594692 PMCID: PMC11003053 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRPB1 expression is upregulated in various tumor types, including gliomas, and is known to contribute to tumor progression; nevertheless, its function in the immune milieu of gliomas is still mainly unknown. METHODS This study, we analyzed 1152 normal samples from the GTEx database and 670 glioma samples from the TCGA database to investigate the relationship between the expression of SIRPB1 and clinicopathological features. Moreover, SIRPB1 gene knockout THP-1 cell lines were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 and were induced into a co-culture of macrophages and glioma cells in vitro to learn more about the role of SIRPB1 in the glioma immune milieu. Lastly, we established a prognostic model to predict the effect of SIRPB1 on prognosis. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of SIRPB1 expression were found in gliomas, which had an adverse effect on the immune milieu and correlated poorly with patient survival. SIRPB1 activation with certain antibodies results in SYK phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of calcium, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. This phenomenon is primarily observed in myeloid-derived cells as opposed to glioma cells. In vitro co-culture demonstrated that macrophages with SIRPB1 knockout showed decreased IL1RA, CCL2, and IL-8, which were recovered upon ectopic expression of SIRPB1 but reduced again following treatment with SYK inhibitor GS9973. Critically, a lower overall survival rate was linked to increased SIRPB1 expression. Making use of SIRPB1 expression along with additional clinicopathological variables, we established a nomogram that showed a high degree of prediction accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that glioma cells can be activated by macrophages via SIRPB1, subsequently reprogramming the TME, suggesting that SIRPB1 could serve as a promising therapeutic target for gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Wanzhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Xiaoshan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Yining Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Xuefei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, China.
| | - Yunqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
García-Alberca JM, de Rojas I, Sanchez-Mejias E, Garrido-Martín D, Gonzalez-Palma L, Jimenez S, Pino-Angeles A, Cruz-Gamero JM, Mendoza S, Alarcón-Martín E, Muñoz-Castro C, Real LM, Tena JJ, Polvillo R, Govantes F, Lopez A, Royo-Aguado JL, Navarro V, Gonzalez I, Ruiz M, Reyes-Engel A, Gris E, Bravo MJ, Lopez-Gutierrez L, Mejias-Ortega M, De la Guía P, López de la Rica M, Ocejo O, Torrecilla J, Zafra C, Nieto MD, Urbano C, Jiménez-Sánchez R, Pareja N, Luque M, García-Peralta M, Carrillejo R, Furniet MDC, Rueda L, Sánchez-Fernández A, Mancilla T, Peña I, García-Casares N, Moreno-Grau S, Hernández I, Montrreal L, Quintela I, González-Pérez A, Calero M, Franco-Macías E, Macías J, Menéndez-González M, Frank-García A, Huerto Vilas R, Diez-Fairen M, Lage C, García-Madrona S, García-González P, Valero S, Sotolongo-Grau O, Pérez-Cordón A, Rábano A, Arias Pastor A, Pastor AB, Espinosa A, Corma-Gómez A, Martín Montes Á, Sanabria Á, Martínez Rodríguez C, Buiza-Rueda D, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Ortega G, Alvarez I, Rosas Allende I, Pineda JA, Rosende-Roca M, Bernal Sánchez-Arjona M, Fernández-Fuertes M, Alegret M, Roberto N, Del Ser T, Garcia-Ribas G, Sánchez-Juan P, Pastor P, Piñol-Ripoll G, Bullido MJ, Álvarez V, Mir P, Medina M, Marquié M, Sáez ME, Carracedo Á, Laplana M, Tomas-Gallardo L, Orellana A, Tárraga L, Boada M, Fibla Palazon J, Vitorica J, Ruiz A, Guigo R, Gutierrez A, Royo JL. An Insertion Within SIRPβ1 Shows a Dual Effect Over Alzheimer's Disease Cognitive Decline Altering the Microglial Response. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:601-618. [PMID: 38427484 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Microglial dysfunction plays a causative role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here we focus on a germline insertion/deletion variant mapping SIRPβ1, a surface receptor that triggers amyloid-β(Aβ) phagocytosis via TYROBP. Objective To analyze the impact of this copy-number variant in SIRPβ1 expression and how it affects AD molecular etiology. Methods Copy-number variant proxy rs2209313 was evaluated in GERALD and GR@ACE longitudinal series. Hippocampal specimens of genotyped AD patients were also examined. SIRPβ1 isoform-specific phagocytosis assays were performed in HEK393T cells. Results The insertion alters the SIRPβ1 protein isoform landscape compromising its ability to bind oligomeric Aβ and its affinity for TYROBP. SIRPβ1 Dup/Dup patients with mild cognitive impairment show an increased cerebrospinal fluid t-Tau/Aβ ratio (p = 0.018) and a higher risk to develop AD (OR = 1.678, p = 0.018). MRIs showed that Dup/Dup patients exhibited a worse initial response to AD. At the moment of diagnosis, all patients showed equivalent Mini-Mental State Examination scores. However, AD patients with the duplication had less hippocampal degeneration (p < 0.001) and fewer white matter hyperintensities. In contrast, longitudinal studies indicate that patients bearing the duplication allele show a slower cognitive decline (p = 0.013). Transcriptional analysis also shows that the SIRPβ1 duplication allele correlates with higher TREM2 expression and an increased microglial activation. Conclusions The SIRPβ1 internal duplication has opposite effects over MCI-to-Dementia conversion risk and AD progression, affecting microglial response to Aβ. Given the pharmacological approaches focused on the TREM2-TYROBP axis, we believe that SIRPβ1 structural variant might be considered as a potential modulator of this causative pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José María García-Alberca
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia (IANEC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Sanchez-Mejias
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Diego Garrido-Martín
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Section of Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Palma
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sebastian Jimenez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Almudena Pino-Angeles
- Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Instituto Maimonides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédicaen Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Cruz-Gamero
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Mendoza
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia (IANEC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Emilio Alarcón-Martín
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Clara Muñoz-Castro
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Real
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Jesus Tena
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocio Polvillo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Govantes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Aroa Lopez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Victoria Navarro
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Gonzalez
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maximiliano Ruiz
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Armando Reyes-Engel
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther Gris
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia (IANEC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Bravo
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lidia Lopez-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Laboratory of Histology, Neuroanatomy and Neuropathology, ULB Neuroscience, Institute (UNI), Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Mejias-Ortega
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Paz De la Guía
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia (IANEC), Málaga, Spain
| | - María López de la Rica
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia (IANEC), Málaga, Spain
| | - Olga Ocejo
- Centro Residencial Almudena, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nuria Pareja
- Asociación de Familiares de Enfermos de Alzheimer de la Axarquía, Vélez-Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Lourdes Rueda
- Asociación de Familiares de Alzheimer de Archidona, Archidona, Spain
| | | | - Tomás Mancilla
- Residencia DomusViFuentesol, Alhaurín de la Torre, Spain
| | - Isabel Peña
- Residencia DomusViFuentesol, Alhaurín de la Torre, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Montrreal
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Quintela
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Calero
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Funcional de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónicas (UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Macías
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Frank-García
- Department of Neurology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Huerto Vilas
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Mónica Diez-Fairen
- Department of Neurology, Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitari Germans Triasi Pujol and Germans Triasi Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Memory Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Lage
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Valero
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Pérez-Cordón
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Arias Pastor
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Pastor
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anaïs Corma-Gómez
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ángel Martín Montes
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Sanabria
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dolores Buiza-Rueda
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Gemma Ortega
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitari Germans Triasi Pujol and Germans Triasi Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Rosas Allende
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan A Pineda
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maitée Rosende-Roca
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Bernal Sánchez-Arjona
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-Fuertes
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Montserrat Alegret
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Roberto
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teodoro Del Ser
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Pau Pastor
- Department of Neurology, Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitari Germans Triasi Pujol and Germans Triasi Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - María José Bullido
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel Medina
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Carracedo
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica CIBERER-CIMUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marina Laplana
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
- Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laura Tomas-Gallardo
- Proteomics and Biochemistry Unit, Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology, CSIC-Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Fibla Palazon
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
- Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Javier Vitorica
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roderic Guigo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Royo
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Visser N, Nelemans LC, He Y, Lourens HJ, Corrales MG, Huls G, Wiersma VR, Schuringa JJ, Bremer E. Signal regulatory protein beta 2 is a novel positive regulator of innate anticancer immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1287256. [PMID: 38116002 PMCID: PMC10729450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the therapeutic (re)activation of innate anticancer immunity has gained prominence, with therapeutic blocking of the interaction of Signal Regulatory Protein (SIRP)-α with its ligand CD47 yielding complete responses in refractory and relapsed B cell lymphoma patients. SIRP-α has as crucial inhibitory role on phagocytes, with e.g., its aberrant activation enabling the escape of cancer cells from immune surveillance. SIRP-α belongs to a family of paired receptors comprised of not only immune-inhibitory, but also putative immune-stimulatory receptors. Here, we report that an as yet uninvestigated SIRP family member, SIRP-beta 2 (SIRP-ß2), is strongly expressed under normal physiological conditions in macrophages and granulocytes at protein level. Endogenous expression of SIRP-ß2 on granulocytes correlated with trogocytosis of cancer cells. Further, ectopic expression of SIRP-ß2 stimulated macrophage adhesion, differentiation and cancer cell phagocytosis as well as potentiated macrophage-mediated activation of T cell Receptor-specific T cell activation. SIRP-ß2 recruited the immune activating adaptor protein DAP12 to positively regulate innate immunity, with the charged lysine 202 of SIRP-ß2 being responsible for interaction with DAP12. Mutation of lysine 202 to leucine lead to a complete loss of the increased adhesion and phagocytosis. In conclusion, SIRP-ß2 is a novel positive regulator of innate anticancer immunity and a potential costimulatory target for innate immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang J, Wan X, Zhang J, Diao N, Zhang C, Gao X, Ren D. A frameshift variant in the SIRPB1 gene confers susceptibility to Crohn's disease in a Chinese population. Front Genet 2023; 14:1130529. [PMID: 37323681 PMCID: PMC10267704 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1130529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Crohn's disease (CD), a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, is increasing in China. With a focus on Han Chinese families with CD, the aim of this study was to find genetic variations that increase CD susceptibility by genome sequencing, genetic association, expression, and functional research. Materials and methods: We performed family-based genome sequencing (WGS) analysis on 24 patients with CD from 12 families and then filtered shared potential causal variants by incorporating association results from meta-analyses of CD GWAS and immunology genes and in silico variant effect prediction algorithms. Replication analyses were performed in an independent cohort including 381 patients with CD and 381 control subjects. Results: There were 92 genetic variants significantly associated with CD in Chinese individuals. Among them, 61 candidate loci were validated in replication analyses. As a result, patients carrying a rare frameshift variant (c.1143_1144insG; p. Leu381_Leu382fs) in gene SIRPB1 had significantly higher risk to develop CD (p = 0.03, OR 4.59, 95% CI 0.98-21.36, 81.82% vs. 49.53%). The frameshift variation induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk, Akt, and Jak2, elevated the expression of SIRPB1 at the mRNA and protein levels, activated DAP12, and controlled the activation of NF-κB in macrophages. Additionally, it promoted the synthesis of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, TNF-, and IL-6. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the rare gain-of-function frameshift variant in SIRPB1 is associated in Han Chinese patients with CD. The functional mechanism of SIRPB1 and its downstream inflammatory pathways was preliminarily explored in CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyang Wan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - JunXiao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, SequMed Biotech Inc., Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Diao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caibin Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donglin Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Is the new angel better than the old devil? Challenges and opportunities in CD47- SIRPα-based cancer therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 184:103939. [PMID: 36774991 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of immunotherapies is limited due to the impenetrable nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME of many tumors is immune-privileged, thus allowing them to evade host immunosurveillance. One mechanism through which this occurs is via the overexpression of CD47, a 'don't eat me' protein that can interact with SIRPα on myeloid cells to suppress their phagocytic action. In recent times, many studies are focusing on CD47-SIRPα-dependent immunotherapies to incite a 'seek and eat' interaction between phagocytes and tumors. Thus, in this review, we highlight the basic molecular properties and mechanisms of CD47-SIRPα cascade. In addition, we discuss the major challenges and potential remedies associated with CD47-SIRPα-based immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Haure-Mirande JV, Audrain M, Ehrlich ME, Gandy S. Microglial TYROBP/DAP12 in Alzheimer's disease: Transduction of physiological and pathological signals across TREM2. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:55. [PMID: 36002854 PMCID: PMC9404585 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
TYROBP (also known as DAP12 or KARAP) is a transmembrane adaptor protein initially described as a receptor-activating subunit component of natural killer (NK) cells. TYROBP is expressed in numerous cell types, including peripheral blood monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts, but a key point of recent interest is related to the critical role played by TYROBP in the function of many receptors expressed on the plasma membrane of microglia. TYROBP is the downstream adaptor and putative signaling partner for several receptors implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), including SIRP1β, CD33, CR3, and TREM2. TYROBP has received much of its current notoriety because of its importance in brain homeostasis by signal transduction across those receptors. In this review, we provide an overview of evidence indicating that the biology of TYROBP extends beyond its interaction with these four ligand-binding ectodomain-intramembranous domain molecules. In addition to reviewing the structure and localization of TYROBP, we discuss our recent progress using mouse models of either cerebral amyloidosis or tauopathy that were engineered to be TYROBP-deficient or TYROBP-overexpressing. Remarkably, constitutively TYROBP-deficient mice provided a model of genetic resilience to either of the defining proteinopathies of AD. Learning behavior and synaptic electrophysiological function were preserved at normal physiological levels even in the face of robust cerebral amyloidosis (in APP/PSEN1;Tyrobp-/- mice) or tauopathy (in MAPTP301S;Tyrobp-/- mice). A fundamental underpinning of the functional synaptic dysfunction associated with each proteotype was an accumulation of complement C1q. TYROBP deficiency prevented C1q accumulation associated with either proteinopathy. Based on these data, we speculate that TYROBP plays a key role in the microglial sensome and the emergence of the disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotype. TYROBP may also play a key role in the loss of markers of synaptic integrity (e.g., synaptophysin-like immunoreactivity) that has long been held to be the feature of human AD molecular neuropathology that most closely correlates with concurrent clinical cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Psychiatry and the NIA-Designated Mount Sinai Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, New York, Bronx NY 10468 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thompson EL, Pickett-Leonard M, Riddle MJ, Chen W, Albert FW, Tolar J. Genes and compounds that increase type VII collagen expression as potential treatments for dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1065-1075. [PMID: 35243691 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a skin-blistering disease caused by mutations in COL7A1, which encodes type VII collagen (C7). There is no cure for DEB, but previous work has shown potential therapeutic benefit of increased production of even partially functional C7. Genome-wide screens using CRISPR-Cas9 have enabled the identification of genes involved in cancer development, drug resistance, and other genetic diseases, suggesting that they could be used to identify drivers of C7 production. A keratinocyte C7 reporter cell line was created and used in a genome-wide CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) screen to identify genes and pathways that increase C7 expression. The CRISPRa screen results were used to develop a targeted drug screen to identify compounds that upregulate C7 expression. The C7_tdTomato cell line was validated as an effective reporter for detection of C7 upregulation. The CRISPRa screen identified DENND4B and TYROBP as top gene hits plus pathways related to calcium uptake and immune signaling in C7 regulation. The targeted drug screen identified several compounds that increase C7 expression in keratinocytes, of which kaempferol, a plant flavonoid, also significantly increased C7 mRNA and protein in DEB patient cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael Pickett-Leonard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Megan J Riddle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Weili Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Frank W Albert
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pons V, Rivest S. Targeting Systemic Innate Immune Cells as a Therapeutic Avenue for Alzheimer Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:1-17. [PMID: 34987086 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the first progressive neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and the disease is characterized by an accumulation of amyloid in the brain and neurovasculature that triggers cognitive decline and neuroinflammation. The innate immune system has a preponderant role in AD. The last decade, scientists focused their efforts on therapies aiming to modulate innate immunity. The latter is of great interest, since they participate to the inflammation and phagocytose the amyloid in the brain and blood vessels. We and others have developed pharmacological approaches to stimulate these cells using various ligands. These include toll-like receptor 4, macrophage colony stimulating factor, and more recently nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 receptors. This review will discuss the great potential to take advantage of the innate immune system to fight naturally against amyloid β accumulation and prevent its detrimental consequence on brain functions and its vascular system. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The focus on amyloid β removal from the perivascular space rather than targeting CNS plaque formation and clearance represents a new direction with a great potential. Small molecules able to act at the level of peripheral immunity would constitute a novel approach for tackling aberrant central nervous system biology, one of which we believe would have the potential of generating a lot of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pons
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boul., Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Serge Rivest
- Neuroscience Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boul., Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Anticancer efficacy of monotherapy with antibodies to SIRPα/SIRPβ1 mediated by induction of antitumorigenic macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2109923118. [PMID: 34949714 PMCID: PMC8740680 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109923118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) on macrophages with CD47 on cancer cells is thought to prevent antibody (Ab)-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) of the latter cells by the former. Blockade of the CD47-SIRPα interaction by Abs to CD47 or to SIRPα, in combination with tumor-targeting Abs such as rituximab, thus inhibits tumor formation by promoting macrophage-mediated ADCP of cancer cells. Here we show that monotherapy with a monoclonal Ab (mAb) to SIRPα that also recognizes SIRPβ1 inhibited tumor formation by bladder and mammary cancer cells in mice, with this inhibitory effect being largely dependent on macrophages. The mAb to SIRPα promoted polarization of tumor-infiltrating macrophages toward an antitumorigenic phenotype, resulting in the killing and phagocytosis of cancer cells by the macrophages. Ablation of SIRPα in mice did not prevent the inhibitory effect of the anti-SIRPα mAb on tumor formation or its promotion of the cancer cell-killing activity of macrophages, however. Moreover, knockdown of SIRPβ1 in macrophages attenuated the stimulatory effect of the anti-SIRPα mAb on the killing of cancer cells, whereas an mAb specific for SIRPβ1 mimicked the effect of the anti-SIRPα mAb. Our results thus suggest that monotherapy with Abs to SIRPα/SIRPβ1 induces antitumorigenic macrophages and thereby inhibits tumor growth and that SIRPβ1 is a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
11
|
Dizman N, Buchbinder EI. Cancer Therapy Targeting CD47/SIRPα. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246229. [PMID: 34944850 PMCID: PMC8699673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The interaction between cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on cancer cells and signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) on immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, generates a “don’t eat me” signal. This is a common mechanism that provides cancer cells an escape from the innate immune system. Several therapeutics directed to CD47 or SIRPα have entered early clinical trials in recent years. In this article, we review the role of CD47/SIRPα axis in cancer, and summarize the literature on the efficacy and safety of therapeutics targeting CD47 or SIRPα. We also discuss the future implementation of these therapeutics in the treatments of various cancer types. Abstract In the past decade, the field of cancer immunotherapy has rapidly advanced, establishing a crucial role for immune checkpoint blockers in the treatment of a variety of cancer types. In parallel with these remarkable clinical developments, further efforts have focused on ways of unleashing adaptive immune responses against cancer. CD47, a cell surface molecule overexpressed by several cancer types that facilitates immune escape from macrophages, dendritic cells and natural killer cells, and its ligand SIRPα, have emerged as potential therapeutic targets. A number of agents directed to CD47/SIRPα have been developed and demonstrated preclinical activity. Early phase clinical trials are investigating CD47/SIRPα directed agents with available data, suggesting safety and preliminary activity. Herein, we provide an overview of the mechanistic rationale of targeting CD47/SIRPα axis and associated clinical evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Dizman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Elizabeth I. Buchbinder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Murata Y, Saito Y, Kotani T, Matozaki T. Blockade of CD47 or SIRPα: a new cancer immunotherapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:945-951. [PMID: 32799682 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1811855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The CD47-Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) singling axis acts as a crucial regulator that limits the phagocytic activity of professional phagocytes such as macrophages. Recent studies have demonstrated that the interaction between CD47 on tumor cells and SIRPα on macrophages is implicated in the ability of tumors to evade immunosurveillance. Targeting the CD47-SIRPα interaction is therefore considered to be a promising approach for cancer therapy. Herein, we review some of studies displaying the potential clinical application of antibodies and other modalities that target the CD47-SIRPα interaction. Current limitations of the CD47-SIRPα-targeted immunotherapeutic approaches are also discussed as well as other avenues for future study to improve the current strategies in targeting the CD47-SIRPα signaling axis for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hazama D, Yin Y, Murata Y, Matsuda M, Okamoto T, Tanaka D, Terasaka N, Zhao J, Sakamoto M, Kakuchi Y, Saito Y, Kotani T, Nishimura Y, Nakagawa A, Suga H, Matozaki T. Macrocyclic Peptide-Mediated Blockade of the CD47-SIRPα Interaction as a Potential Cancer Immunotherapy. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1181-1191.e7. [PMID: 32640189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Medium-sized macrocyclic peptides are an alternative to small compounds and large biomolecules as a class of pharmaceutics. The CD47-SIRPα signaling axis functions as an innate immune checkpoint that inhibits phagocytosis in phagocytes and has been implicated as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. The potential of macrocyclic peptides that target this signaling axis as immunotherapeutic agents has remained unknown, however. Here we have developed a macrocyclic peptide consisting of 15 amino acids that binds to the ectodomain of mouse SIRPα and efficiently blocks its interaction with CD47 in an allosteric manner. The peptide markedly promoted the phagocytosis of antibody-opsonized tumor cells by macrophages in vitro as well as enhanced the inhibitory effect of anti-CD20 or anti-gp75 antibodies on tumor formation or metastasis in vivo. Our results suggest that allosteric inhibition of the CD47-SIRPα interaction by macrocyclic peptides is a potential approach to cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hazama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yizhen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Makoto Matsuda
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naohiro Terasaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jinxuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mariko Sakamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuka Kakuchi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Myeloid immunosuppression and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:1-12. [PMID: 31611651 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-promoting inflammation and the avoidance of immune destruction are hallmarks of cancer. While innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, are critical mediators for sterile and nonsterile inflammation, persistent inflammation, such as that which occurs in cancer, is known to disturb normal myelopoiesis. This disturbance leads to the generation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Due to their potent suppressive activities against effector lymphocytes and their abundance in the tumor microenvironment, immunosuppressive myeloid cells act as a major barrier to cancer immunotherapy. Indeed, various therapeutic approaches directed toward immunosuppressive myeloid cells are actively being tested in preclinical and clinical studies. These include anti-inflammatory agents, therapeutic blockade of the mobilization and survival of myeloid cells, and immunostimulatory adjuvants. More recently, immune checkpoint molecules expressed on tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells have emerged as potential therapeutic targets to redirect these cells to eliminate tumor cells. In this review, we discuss the complex crosstalk between cancer-related inflammation and immunosuppressive myeloid cells and possible therapeutic strategies to harness antitumor immune responses.
Collapse
|
15
|
Sim J, Sockolosky JT, Sangalang E, Izquierdo S, Pedersen D, Harriman W, Wibowo AS, Carter J, Madan A, Doyle L, Harrabi O, Kauder SE, Chen A, Kuo TC, Wan H, Pons J. Discovery of high affinity, pan-allelic, and pan-mammalian reactive antibodies against the myeloid checkpoint receptor SIRPα. MAbs 2019; 11:1036-1052. [PMID: 31257988 PMCID: PMC6748616 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1624123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting the CD47-signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) pathway represents a novel therapeutic approach to enhance anti-cancer immunity by promoting both innate and adaptive immune responses. Unlike CD47, which is expressed ubiquitously, SIRPα expression is mainly restricted to myeloid cells and neurons. Therefore, compared to CD47-targeted therapies, targeting SIRPα may result in differential safety and efficacy profiles, potentially enabling lower effective doses and improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The development of effective SIRPα antagonists is restricted by polymorphisms within the CD47-binding domain of SIRPα, necessitating pan-allele reactive anti-SIRPα antibodies for therapeutic intervention in diverse patient populations. We immunized wild-type and human antibody transgenic chickens with a multi-allele and multi-species SIRPα regimen in order to discover pan-allelic and pan-mammalian reactive anti-SIRPα antibodies suitable for clinical translation. A total of 200 antibodies were isolated and screened for SIRPα reactivity from which approximately 70 antibodies with diverse SIRPα binding profiles, sequence families, and epitopes were selected for further characterization. A subset of anti-SIRPα antibodies bound to both human SIRPα v1 and v2 alleles with high affinity ranging from low nanomolar to picomolar, potently antagonized the CD47/SIRPα interaction, and potentiated macrophage-mediated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis in vitro. X-ray crystal structures of five anti-SIRPα antigen-binding fragments, each with unique epitopes, in complex with SIRPα (PDB codes 6NMV, 6NMU, 6NMT, 6NMS, and 6NMR) are reported. Furthermore, some of the anti-SIRPα antibodies cross-react with cynomolgus SIRPα and various mouse SIRPα alleles (BALB/c, NOD, BL/6), which can facilitate preclinical to clinical development. These properties provide an attractive rationale to advance the development of these anti-SIRPα antibodies as a novel therapy for advanced malignancies. Abbreviations: ADCC: antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; ADCP: antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis; CFSE: carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester; Fab: fragment antigen binding; Fc: fragment crystallizable; FcγR: Fcγ receptor; Ig: immunoglobulin; IND: investigational new drug; MDM⊘: monocyte-derived macrophage; NOD: non-obese diabetic; scFv: single chain fragment variable; SCID: severe combined immunodeficiency; SIRP: signal-regulatory protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet Sim
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Jonathan T Sockolosky
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Emma Sangalang
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anup Madan
- d Covance Genomics Laboratory , Redmond , WA , USA
| | - Laura Doyle
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Ons Harrabi
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Steven E Kauder
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Amy Chen
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Tracy C Kuo
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Hong Wan
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| | - Jaume Pons
- a ALX Oncology, Departments of Protein Sciences and Translational Biology , Burlingame , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Matlung HL, Szilagyi K, Barclay NA, van den Berg TK. The CD47-SIRPα signaling axis as an innate immune checkpoint in cancer. Immunol Rev 2017; 276:145-164. [PMID: 28258703 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including those targeting CTLA-4/B7 and the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory pathways, are now available for clinical use in cancer patients, with other interesting checkpoint inhibitors being currently in development. Most of these have the purpose to promote adaptive T cell-mediated immunity against cancer. Here, we review another checkpoint acting to potentiate the activity of innate immune cells towards cancer. This innate immune checkpoint is composed of what has become known as the 'don't-eat me' signal CD47, which is a protein broadly expressed on normal cells and often overexpressed on cancer cells, and its counter-receptor, the myeloid inhibitory immunoreceptor SIRPα. Blocking CD47-SIRPα interactions has been shown to promote the destruction of cancer cells by phagocytes, including macrophages and neutrophils. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that targeting of the CD47-SIRPα axis may also promote antigen-presenting cell function and thereby stimulate adaptive T cell-mediated anti-cancer immunity. The development of CD47-SIRPα checkpoint inhibitors and the potential side effects that these may have are discussed. Collectively, this identifies the CD47-SIRPα axis as a promising innate immune checkpoint in cancer, and with data of the first clinical studies with CD47-SIRPα checkpoint inhibitors expected within the coming years, this is an exciting and rapidly developing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanke L Matlung
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katka Szilagyi
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neil A Barclay
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, VU medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Brod S, Gobbetti T, Gittens B, Ono M, Perretti M, D'Acquisto F. The impact of environmental enrichment on the murine inflammatory immune response. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90723. [PMID: 28405616 PMCID: PMC5374068 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Living in a mentally and physically stimulating environment has been suggested to have a beneficial effect on the immune response. This study investigates these effects, utilizing a 2-week program of environmental enrichment (EE) and 2 models of acute inflammation: zymosan-induced peritonitis (ZIP) and the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. Our results revealed that following exposure to EE, mice possessed a significantly higher circulating neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio compared with control animals. When subject to ZIP, EE animals exhibit enhanced neutrophil and macrophage influx into their peritoneal cavity. Corresponding results were found in CLP, where we observed an improved capacity for enriched animals to clear systemic microbial infection. Ex vivo investigation of leukocyte activity also revealed that macrophages from EE mice presented an enhanced phagocytic capacity. Supporting these findings, microarray analysis of EE animals revealed the increased expression of immunomodulatory genes associated with a heightened and immunoprotective status. Taken together, these results provide potentially novel mechanisms by which EE influences the development and dynamics of the immune response. A housing period as little as 2 weeks in an enriched environment with an increase in spatial and sensorial stimuli improved the ability of mice to clear infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Brod
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Gobbetti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Gittens
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Masahiro Ono
- University of London Imperial College Science Technology & Medicine, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Natural Science, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro Perretti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Fulvio D'Acquisto
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yanagita T, Murata Y, Tanaka D, Motegi SI, Arai E, Daniwijaya EW, Hazama D, Washio K, Saito Y, Kotani T, Ohnishi H, Oldenborg PA, Garcia NV, Miyasaka M, Ishikawa O, Kanai Y, Komori T, Matozaki T. Anti-SIRP α antibodies as a potential new tool for cancer immunotherapy. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e89140. [PMID: 28097229 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are thought to evade immune surveillance through interaction with immune cells. Much recent attention has focused on the modification of immune responses as a basis for new cancer treatments. SIRPα is an Ig superfamily protein that inhibits phagocytosis in macrophages upon interaction with its ligand CD47 expressed on the surface of target cells. Here, we show that SIRPα is highly expressed in human renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Furthermore, an anti-SIRPα Ab that blocks the interaction with CD47 markedly suppressed tumor formation by renal cell carcinoma or melanoma cells in immunocompetent syngeneic mice. This inhibitory effect of the Ab appeared to be mediated by dual mechanisms: direct induction of Ab-dependent cellular phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages and blockade of CD47-SIRPα signaling that negatively regulates such phagocytosis. The antitumor effect of the Ab was greatly attenuated by selective depletion not only of macrophages but also of NK cells or CD8+ T cells. In addition, the anti-SIRPα Ab also enhances the inhibitory effects of Abs against CD20 and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) on tumor formation in mice injected with SIRPα-nonexpressing tumor cells. Anti-SIRPα Abs thus warrant further study as a potential new therapy for a broad range of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiko Yanagita
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Sei-Ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Eri Arai
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Hazama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Ken Washio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Per-Arne Oldenborg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Histology and Cell Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Noel Verjan Garcia
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yae Kanai
- Division of Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Komori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
van Rees DJ, Szilagyi K, Kuijpers TW, Matlung HL, van den Berg TK. Immunoreceptors on neutrophils. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:94-108. [PMID: 26976825 PMCID: PMC7129252 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil activities must be tightly controlled to maintain immune homeostasis. Activating and inhibitory receptors balance the outcome of immune cell activation. Immunoreceptors contain Ig-like extracellular domains and signal via ITAMs or ITIMs. Syk or SHP/SHIP mediate downstream signaling after immunoreceptor activation. Targeting immunoreceptors provides opportunities for therapeutic interventions.
Neutrophils play a critical role in the host defense against infection, and they are able to perform a variety of effector mechanisms for this purpose. However, there are also a number of pathological conditions, including autoimmunity and cancer, in which the activities of neutrophils can be harmful to the host. Thus the activities of neutrophils need to be tightly controlled. As in the case of other immune cells, many of the neutrophil effector functions are regulated by a series of immunoreceptors on the plasma membrane. Here, we review what is currently known about the functions of the various individual immunoreceptors and their signaling in neutrophils. While these immunoreceptors allow for the recognition of a diverse range of extracellular ligands, such as cell surface structures (like proteins, glycans and lipids) and extracellular matrix components, they commonly signal via conserved ITAM or ITIM motifs and their associated downstream pathways that depend on the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins and/or inositol lipids. This allows for a balanced homeostatic regulation of neutrophil effector functions. Given the number of available immunoreceptors and their fundamental importance for neutrophil behavior, it is perhaps not surprising that pathogens have evolved means to evade immune responses through some of these pathways. Inversely, some of these receptors evolved to specifically recognize these pathogens. Finally, some interactions mediated by immunoreceptors in neutrophils have been identified as promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dieke J van Rees
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katka Szilagyi
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanke L Matlung
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Brenndörfer J, Altmann A, Widner-Andrä R, Pütz B, Czamara D, Tilch E, Kam-Thong T, Weber P, Rex-Haffner M, Bettecken T, Bultmann A, Müller-Myhsok B, Binder EE, Landgraf R, Czibere L. Connecting Anxiety and Genomic Copy Number Variation: A Genome-Wide Analysis in CD-1 Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128465. [PMID: 26011321 PMCID: PMC4444327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic copy number variants (CNVs) have been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders, but not much is known about their influence on anxiety disorders specifically. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and two additional array-based genotyping approaches, we detected CNVs in a mouse model consisting of two inbred mouse lines showing high (HAB) and low (LAB) anxiety-related behavior, respectively. An influence of CNVs on gene expression in the central (CeA) and basolateral (BLA) amygdala, paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and cingulate cortex (Cg) was shown by a two-proportion Z-test (p = 1.6 x 10-31), with a positive correlation in the CeA (p = 0.0062), PVN (p = 0.0046) and Cg (p = 0.0114), indicating a contribution of CNVs to the genetic predisposition to trait anxiety in the specific context of HAB/LAB mice. In order to confirm anxiety-relevant CNVs and corresponding genes in a second mouse model, we further examined CD-1 outbred mice. We revealed the distribution of CNVs by genotyping 64 CD 1 individuals using a high-density genotyping array (Jackson Laboratory). 78 genes within those CNVs were identified to show nominally significant association (48 genes), or a statistical trend in their association (30 genes) with the time animals spent on the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Fifteen of them were considered promising candidate genes of anxiety-related behavior as we could show a significant overlap (permutation test, p = 0.0051) with genes within HAB/LAB CNVs. Thus, here we provide what is to our knowledge the first extensive catalogue of CNVs in CD-1 mice and potential corresponding candidate genes linked to anxiety-related behavior in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brenndörfer
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - André Altmann
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Regina Widner-Andrä
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Benno Pütz
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Tilch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tony Kam-Thong
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Weber
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Affective Disorders, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Rex-Haffner
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Affective Disorders, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bettecken
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Bultmann
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth E. Binder
- Department of Molecular Genetics of Affective Disorders, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Landgraf
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig Czibere
- Department of Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang H, Li F, Yang Y, Chen J, Hu X. SIRP/CD47 signaling in neurological disorders. Brain Res 2015; 1623:74-80. [PMID: 25795378 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microglia play important roles in the process of neuronal injury and recovery. Numeous surface receptors have been described to regulate microglial activation. These receptors tightly mediate normal microglial functions including cell mobility, phagocytosis, and production of inflammatory mediators or trophic factors. In recent years, significant progresses have been achieved for understanding the signaling mechanisms underlying these receptors. Their specific roles in neurological diseases have been documented. This review will focus on the signal regulatory protein (SIRP) and its ligand CD47, two surface receptors expressed on microglia and other cells in the central nervous system (CNS) such as neurons. We will discuss the involvement of SIRP/CD47 signaling in microglial activation and in the interplay between microglia and other CNS cells. Current studies reveal the importance of CD47 and SIRPα in the process of neuroinflammation in the CNS disorders. The dual and contradictory role of CD47 suggests that targeting the SIRPα/CD47 signaling may achieve different effects depending on disease stage. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Cell Interactions In Stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Zhang
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Xianaya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengwu Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Luhe Teaching Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Xianaya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Luhe Teaching Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu C, Wang J, Zhang X. The involvement of MiR-1-clathrin pathway in the regulation of phagocytosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98747. [PMID: 24932654 PMCID: PMC4059620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis, one of the most powerful immune responses, is a complicated process regulated by many factors. However the regulation of phagocytosis mediated by microRNAs has not been extensively investigated. To address this issue, the regulation of phagocytosis by miR-1 was characterized in this study. The results showed that miR-1 played an important role in the phagocytosis regulation in shrimp in vivo. The sequence analysis indicated that miR-1 was highly conserved from invertebrates to mammals, suggesting that miR-1 might share the similar or same functions in phagocytosis of shrimp hemocytes and mammalian macrophages. The data presented that miR-1 was significantly downregulated in cancerous macrophage RAW264.7 cells compared with those in the isolated murine macrophage and in the immortalized macrophage ANA-1. The findings showed that miR-1 had a great effect on the regulation of phagocytosis in cancerous macrophage by the inhibition of clathrin heavy chain 1 (CLTC1) gene. Therefore our study presented a novel miR-1-mediated regulation of phagocytosis both in invertebrate and in vertebrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuilian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sierra A, Abiega O, Shahraz A, Neumann H. Janus-faced microglia: beneficial and detrimental consequences of microglial phagocytosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2013. [PMID: 23386811 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00006/abstract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the resident brain macrophages and they have been traditionally studied as orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response during infections and disease. In addition, microglia has a more benign, less explored role as the brain professional phagocytes. Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. In addition, microglia phagocytoses brain-specific cargo, such as axonal and myelin debris in spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer's disease, and supernumerary synapses in postnatal development. Common mechanisms of recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the different types of cargo are assumed, but very little is known about the shared and specific molecules involved in the phagocytosis of each target by microglia. More importantly, the functional consequences of microglial phagocytosis remain largely unexplored. Overall, phagocytosis is considered a beneficial phenomenon, since it eliminates dead cells and induces an anti-inflammatory response. However, phagocytosis can also activate the respiratory burst, which produces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Phagocytosis has been traditionally studied in pathological conditions, leading to the assumption that microglia have to be activated in order to become efficient phagocytes. Recent data, however, has shown that unchallenged microglia phagocytose apoptotic cells during development and in adult neurogenic niches, suggesting an overlooked role in brain remodeling throughout the normal lifespan. The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sierra
- Achucarro-Basque Center for Neuroscience Zamudio, Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV Leioa, Spain ; Ikerbasque-Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sierra A, Abiega O, Shahraz A, Neumann H. Janus-faced microglia: beneficial and detrimental consequences of microglial phagocytosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:6. [PMID: 23386811 PMCID: PMC3558702 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the resident brain macrophages and they have been traditionally studied as orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response during infections and disease. In addition, microglia has a more benign, less explored role as the brain professional phagocytes. Phagocytosis is a term coined from the Greek to describe the receptor-mediated engulfment and degradation of dead cells and microbes. In addition, microglia phagocytoses brain-specific cargo, such as axonal and myelin debris in spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis, amyloid-β deposits in Alzheimer's disease, and supernumerary synapses in postnatal development. Common mechanisms of recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the different types of cargo are assumed, but very little is known about the shared and specific molecules involved in the phagocytosis of each target by microglia. More importantly, the functional consequences of microglial phagocytosis remain largely unexplored. Overall, phagocytosis is considered a beneficial phenomenon, since it eliminates dead cells and induces an anti-inflammatory response. However, phagocytosis can also activate the respiratory burst, which produces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Phagocytosis has been traditionally studied in pathological conditions, leading to the assumption that microglia have to be activated in order to become efficient phagocytes. Recent data, however, has shown that unchallenged microglia phagocytose apoptotic cells during development and in adult neurogenic niches, suggesting an overlooked role in brain remodeling throughout the normal lifespan. The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sierra
- Achucarro-Basque Center for Neuroscience Zamudio, Spain ; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV Leioa, Spain ; Ikerbasque-Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Induction of M2-like macrophages in recipient NOD-scid mice by allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2012; 9:464-72. [PMID: 23085944 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2012.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in maintaining host immune tolerance via regulation of the phenotype and function of the innate and adaptive immune cells. Whether allogeneic CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs can regulate recipient mouse macrophages is unknown. The effect of allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs on recipient mouse resident F4/80(+)macrophages was investigated using a mouse model in which allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs were adoptively transferred into the peritoneal cavity of host NOD-scid mice. The phenotype and function of the recipient macrophages were then assayed. The peritoneal F4/80(+) macrophages in the recipient mice that received the allogeneic CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs expressed significantly higher levels of CD23 and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) and lower levels of CD80, CD86, CD40 and MHC II molecules compared to the mice that received either allogeneic CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells (Teffs) or no cells. The resident F4/80(+) macrophages of the recipient mice injected with the allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs displayed significantly increased phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells (cRBCs) and arginase activity together with increased IL-10 production, whereas these macrophages also showed decreased immunogenicity and nitric oxide (NO) production. Blocking arginase partially but significantly reversed the effects of CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs with regard to the induction of the M2 macrophages in vivo. Therefore, the allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs can induce the M2 macrophages in recipient mice at least in part via an arginase pathway. We have provided in vivo evidence to support the unknown pathways by which allogeneic donor CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs regulate innate immunity in recipient mice by promoting the differentiation of M2 macrophages.
Collapse
|
26
|
Progressive dopaminergic cell loss with unilateral-to-bilateral progression in a genetic model of Parkinson disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:15918-23. [PMID: 23019375 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1205102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DJ-1 mutations cause autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson disease (PD). We report a model of PD pathology: the DJ1-C57 mouse. A subset of DJ-1-nullizygous mice, when fully backcrossed to a C57BL/6 [corrected] background, display dramatic early-onset unilateral loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in their substantia nigra pars compacta, progressing to bilateral degeneration of the nigrostriatal axis with aging. In addition, these mice exhibit age-dependent bilateral degeneration at the locus ceruleus nucleus and display mild motor behavior deficits at aged time points. These findings effectively recapitulate the early stages of PD. Therefore, the DJ1-C57 mouse provides a tool to study the preclinical aspects of neurodegeneration. Importantly, by exome sequencing, we identify candidate modifying genes that segregate with the phenotype, providing potentially critical clues into how certain genes may influence the penetrance of DJ-1-related degeneration in mice.
Collapse
|
27
|
Fournier B, Andargachew R, Robin AZ, Laur O, Voelker DR, Lee WY, Weber D, Parkos CA. Surfactant protein D (Sp-D) binds to membrane-proximal domain (D3) of signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), a site distant from binding domain of CD47, while also binding to analogous region on signal regulatory protein β (SIRPβ). J Biol Chem 2012; 287:19386-98. [PMID: 22511785 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.324533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), a highly glycosylated type-1 transmembrane protein, is composed of three immunoglobulin-like extracellular loops as well as a cytoplasmic tail containing three classical tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs. Previous reports indicate that SIRPα binds to humoral pattern recognition molecules in the collectin family, namely surfactant proteins D and A (Sp-D and Sp-A, respectively), which are heavily expressed in the lung and constitute one of the first lines of innate immune defense against pathogens. However, little is known about molecular details of the structural interaction of Sp-D with SIRPs. In the present work, we examined the molecular basis of Sp-D binding to SIRPα using domain-deleted mutant proteins. We report that Sp-D binds to the membrane-proximal Ig domain (D3) of SIRPα in a calcium- and carbohydrate-dependent manner. Mutation of predicted N-glycosylation sites on SIRPα indicates that Sp-D binding is dependent on interactions with specific N-glycosylated residues on the membrane-proximal D3 domain of SIRPα. Given the remarkable sequence similarity of SIRPα to SIRPβ and the lack of known ligands for the latter, we examined Sp-D binding to SIRPβ. Here, we report specific binding of Sp-D to the membrane-proximal D3 domain of SIRPβ. Further studies confirmed that Sp-D binds to SIRPα expressed on human neutrophils and differentiated neutrophil-like cells. Because the other known ligand of SIRPα, CD47, binds to the membrane-distal domain D1, these findings indicate that multiple, distinct, functional ligand binding sites are present on SIRPα that may afford differential regulation of receptor function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Fournier
- Epithelial Pathobiology Research Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Glass EJ, Crutchley S, Jensen K. Living with the enemy or uninvited guests: functional genomics approaches to investigating host resistance or tolerance traits to a protozoan parasite, Theileria annulata, in cattle. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 148:178-89. [PMID: 22482839 PMCID: PMC7112524 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many breeds of cattle with long histories of living in areas of endemic disease have evolved mechanisms that enable them to co-exist with specific pathogens. Understanding the genes that control tolerance and resistance could provide new strategies to improve the health and welfare of livestock. Around one sixth of the world cattle population is estimated to be at risk from one of the most debilitating tick-borne diseases of cattle, caused by the protozoan parasite, Theileria annulata. The parasite mainly infects cells of the myeloid lineage which are also the main producers of inflammatory cytokines. If an infectious or inflammatory insult is sufficiently great, inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages enter the circulation and induce an acute phase proteins (APP) response. The Bos taurus Holstein breed produces higher and more prolonged levels of inflammatory cytokine induced APP than the Bos indicus Sahiwal breed in response to experimental infection with T. annulata. The Sahiwal exhibits significantly less pathology and survives infection, unlike the Holstein breed. Therefore, we hypothesised that the causal genes were likely to be expressed in macrophages and control the production of inflammatory cytokines. A functional genomics approach revealed that the transcriptome profile of the B. taurus macrophages was more associated with an inflammatory programme than the B. indicus macrophages. In particular the most differentially expressed gene was a member of the signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family. These are mainly expressed on myeloid cell surfaces and control inflammatory responses. Other differentially expressed genes included bovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (BoLA) class II genes, particularly BoLA DQ, and transforming growth factor (TGF)B2. We are now exploring whether sequence and functional differences in the bovine SIRP family may underlie the resistance or tolerance to T. annulata between the breeds. Potentially, our research may also have more general implications for the control of inflammatory processes against other pathogens. Genes controlling the balance between pathology and protection may determine how livestock can survive in the face of infectious onslaught. Next generation sequencing and RNAi methodologies for livestock species will bring new opportunities to link diversity at the genome level to functional differences in health traits in livestock species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Glass
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Park H, Ishihara D, Cox D. Regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in macrophage phagocytosis and chemotaxis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 510:101-11. [PMID: 21356194 PMCID: PMC3114168 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages display a large variety of surface receptors that are critical for their normal cellular functions in host defense, including finding sites of infection (chemotaxis) and removing foreign particles (phagocytosis). However, inappropriate regulation of these processes can lead to human diseases. Many of these receptors utilize tyrosine phosphorylation cascades to initiate and terminate signals leading to cell migration and clearance of infection. Actin remodeling dominates these processes and many regulators have been identified. This review focuses on how tyrosine kinases and phosphatases regulate actin dynamics leading to macrophage chemotaxis and phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haein Park
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Dan Ishihara
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Dianne Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alessandrini A, De Haseth S, Fray M, Miyajima M, Colvin RB, Williams WW, Benedict Cosimi A, Benichou G. Dendritic cell maturation occurs through the inhibition of GSK-3β. Cell Immunol 2011; 270:114-25. [PMID: 21601837 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) maturation results in changes in antigen processing and presentation, governing the fate of adaptive immunity. Understanding the intracellular signaling pathways governing DC maturation is therefore critical. In this study, we observed that the kinase, GSK-3β, is present in its active form in resting immature DCs isolated from the spleen and bone marrow of mice. Induction of DC maturation using GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-α resulted in GSK-3β inhibition, as reflected by increased phosphorylation of Serine 9 on the kinase, and concomitant stabilization of its substrate, β-catenin. Treatment of immature DCs with a GSK-3β inhibitor increased cell surface expression of CD80, CD86 and CD40 on DCs, enhancing their ability to present antigen and activating IL-2 secretion by T cells. GSK-3β inhibition also parallels dendritic cell maturation in vivo. Our results show that GSK-3β signaling controls DC maturation and suggest that this kinase could be manipulated to modulate adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alessandrini
- Transplantation Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Phenotypic and functional switch of macrophages induced by regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells in mice. Immunol Cell Biol 2010; 89:130-42. [PMID: 20514074 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2010.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are important in maintenance of peripheral tolerance. The direct effect of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells on macrophages was studied using a mouse model in which syngeneic CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells were adoptively transferred into the peritoneal cavity of SCID mice. Peritoneal macrophages in mice transferred with CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells expressed significantly higher levels of CD23, CD47 and CD206 and less CD80 and major histocompatibility complex class II molecules as compared with those mice that received either CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells or no cells. Macrophages of mice injected with CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells displayed a remarkably enhanced phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells, and arginase activity together with an increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) production, whereas they showed a decreased antigen-presenting ability and nitric oxide production. Furthermore, CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells and CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells showed strong antagonistic effects on macrophage polarizations in vivo. Blocking arginase, IL-10 and/or transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) partially but significantly reversed the effects of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells to induce M2 macrophages in vivo suggesting that CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells have the ability to induce M2 macrophages at least in part through arginase, IL-10 and TGF-β pathways. Thus, we have provided the in vivo evidence to support the unknown pathways for CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells to regulate innate immunity by promoting the differentiation of M2 macrophages as well as by inhibiting M1 macrophage induction by CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells in mice. CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells efficiently induced M2 macrophage differentiation in mice, offering the in vivo evidence to support the role of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells in regulating innate immunity.
Collapse
|
32
|
Peng Q, Malhotra S, Torchia JA, Kerr WG, Coggeshall KM, Humphrey MB. TREM2- and DAP12-dependent activation of PI3K requires DAP10 and is inhibited by SHIP1. Sci Signal 2010; 3:ra38. [PMID: 20484116 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The activation and fusion of macrophages and of osteoclasts require the adaptor molecule DNAX-activating protein of 12 kD (DAP12), which contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2) is the main DAP12-associated receptor in osteoclasts and, similar to DAP12 deficiency, loss of TREM2 in humans leads to Nasu-Hakola disease, which is characterized by bone cysts and dementia. Furthermore, in vitro experiments have shown that deficiency in DAP12 or TREM2 leads to impaired osteoclast development and the formation of mononuclear osteoclasts. Here, we demonstrate that the ligation of TREM2 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2, and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3; induced the mobilization of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) and the reorganization of actin; and prevented apoptosis. The signaling adaptor molecule DAP10 played a key role in the TREM2- and DAP12-dependent recruitment of PI3K to the signaling complex. Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP1) inhibited TREM2- and DAP12-induced signaling by binding to DAP12 in an SH2 domain-dependent manner and preventing the recruitment of PI3K to DAP12. These results demonstrate a previously uncharacterized interaction of SHIP1 with DAP12 that functionally limits TREM2- and DAP12-dependent signaling and identify a mechanism through which SHIP1 regulates key ITAM-containing receptors by directly blocking the binding and activation of PI3K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qisheng Peng
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kotani T, Murata Y, Ohnishi H, Mori M, Kusakari S, Saito Y, Okazawa H, Bixby JL, Matozaki T. Expression of PTPRO in the interneurons of adult mouse olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 2010; 518:119-36. [PMID: 19924828 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PTPRO is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) with a single catalytic domain in its cytoplasmic region and multiple fibronectin type III-like domains in its extracellular region. In the chick, PTPRO mRNA has been shown to be particularly abundant in embryonic brain, and PTPRO is implicated in axon growth and guidance during embryonic development. However, the temporal and spatial expression of PTPRO protein in the mammalian CNS, particularly in the juvenile and adult mammalian brain, has not been evaluated in any detail. By immunohistofluorescence analysis with a monoclonal antibody to PTPRO, we show that PTPRO is widely expressed throughout the mouse brain from embryonic day 16 to postnatal day 1, while expression is largely confined to the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory tubercle in the adult brain. In the OB, PTPRO protein is expressed predominantly in the external plexiform layer, the granule cell layer, and the glomerular layer (GL). In these regions, expression of PTPRO is predominant in interneurons such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic or calretinin (CR)-positive granule cells. In addition, PTPRO is expressed in GABAergic, CR-positive, tyrosine hydroxylase-positive, or neurocalcin-positive periglomerular cells in the GL. Costaining of PTPRO with other neuronal markers suggests that PTPRO is likely to be localized to the dendrites or dendritic spines of these olfactory interneurons. Thus, PTPRO might participate in regulation of dendritic morphology or synapse formation of interneurons in the adult mouse OB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takenori Kotani
- Laboratory of Biosignal Sciences, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Whittaker GC, Orr SJ, Quigley L, Hughes L, Francischetti IMB, Zhang W, McVicar DW. The linker for activation of B cells (LAB)/non-T cell activation linker (NTAL) regulates triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-2 signaling and macrophage inflammatory responses independently of the linker for activation of T cells. J Biol Chem 2009; 285:2976-85. [PMID: 19948717 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.038398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) is rapidly emerging as a key regulator of the innate immune response via its regulation of macrophage inflammatory responses. Here we demonstrate that proximal TREM-2 signaling parallels other DAP12-based receptor systems in its use of Syk and Src-family kinases. However, we find that the linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is severely reduced as monocytes differentiate into macrophages and that TREM-2 exclusively uses the linker for activation of B cells (LAB encoded by the gene Lat2(-/-)) to mediate downstream signaling. LAB is required for TREM-2-mediated activation of Erk1/2 and dampens proximal TREM-2 signals through a novel LAT-independent mechanism resulting in macrophages with proinflammatory properties. Thus, Lat2(-/-) macrophages have increased TREM-2-induced proximal phosphorylation, and lipopolysaccharide stimulation of these cells leads to increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased IL-12p40 production relative to wild type cells. Together these data identify LAB as a critical, LAT-independent regulator of TREM-2 signaling and macrophage development capable of controlling subsequent inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian C Whittaker
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gaikwad S, Larionov S, Wang Y, Dannenberg H, Matozaki T, Monsonego A, Thal DR, Neumann H. Signal regulatory protein-beta1: a microglial modulator of phagocytosis in Alzheimer's disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 175:2528-39. [PMID: 19893026 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.090147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The signal regulatory protein-beta1 (SIRPbeta1) is a DAP12-associated transmembrane receptor expressed in a subset of hematopoietic cells. Recently, it was shown that peritoneal macrophages express SIRPbeta1, which positively regulated phagocytosis. Here, we found that SIRPbeta1 was up-regulated and acted as a phagocytic receptor on microglia in amyloid precursor protein J20 (APP/J20) transgenic mice and in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Interferon (IFN)-gamma and IFN-beta stimulated gene transcription of SIRPbeta1 in cultured microglia. Activation of SIRPbeta1 on cultured microglia by cross-linking antibodies induced reorganization of the cytoskeleton protein beta-actin and suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced gene transcription of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide synthase-2. Furthermore, activation of SIRPbeta1 increased phagocytosis of microsphere beads, neural debris, and fibrillary amyloid-beta (Abeta). Phagocytosis of neural cell debris and Abeta was impaired after lentiviral knockdown of SIRPbeta1 in primary microglial cells. Thus, SIRPbeta1 is a novel IFN-induced microglial receptor that supports clearance of neural debris and Abeta aggregates by stimulating phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadanand Gaikwad
- Neural Regeneration Unit, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University Bonn and Hertie-Foundation, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gibbings D, Befus AD. CD4 and CD8: an inside-out coreceptor model for innate immune cells. J Leukoc Biol 2009; 86:251-9. [PMID: 19401396 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 and CD4 are expressed by several cell types that do not express TCR. These include DCs, macrophages, monocytes, and NK cells. CD8(+) monocytes and macrophages are abundant at the site of pathology in many rat disease models, particularly those involving immune complex-mediated pathology. Indeed, in some disease models, CD8(+) macrophages correlate with severity of pathology or directly cause pathology or tumor cell killing. Evidence suggests CD8 or CD4 can enhance FcgammaR-dependent responses of human monocytes. Building on data that key components of TCR and FcgammaR signaling can substitute one another efficiently, we postulate that CD4 and CD8 operate with FcgammaR and potentially other receptors to enhance responses of T cells and various innate immune cells. Our model suggests CD8 on myeloid cells may contribute directly to tumor killing and tissue pathology by enhancing FcgammaR responses. Moreover, the model suggests a role for CD8 in cross-presentation of antibody-associated antigen by DCs and a new mechanism to regulate TCR sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Gibbings
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Matozaki T, Murata Y, Okazawa H, Ohnishi H. Functions and molecular mechanisms of the CD47-SIRPalpha signalling pathway. Trends Cell Biol 2009; 19:72-80. [PMID: 19144521 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein (SIRP)alpha, also known as SHPS-1 or SIRPA, is a transmembrane protein that binds to the protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 through its cytoplasmic region and is predominantly expressed in neurons, dendritic cells and macrophages. CD47, a widely expressed transmembrane protein, is a ligand for SIRPalpha, with the two proteins constituting a cell-cell communication system. The interaction of SIRPalpha with CD47 is important for the regulation of migration and phagocytosis. Recent studies have implicated the CD47-SIRPalpha signalling pathway in immune homeostasis and in regulation of neuronal networks. Advances in the structural and functional analyses of the CD47-SIRPalpha signalling pathway now provide exciting hints of the therapeutic benefits of manipulating this signalling system in autoimmune diseases and neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Matozaki
- Laboratory of Biosignal Sciences, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The DAP10 and DAP12 signaling subunits are highly conserved in evolution and associate with a large family of receptors in hematopoietic cells, including dendritic cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, and some B and T cells. Some receptors are able to associate with either DAP10 or DAP12, which contribute unique intracellular signaling functions. Studies of humans and mice deficient in these signaling subunits have provided surprising insights into the physiological functions of DAP10 and DAP12, demonstrating that they can either activate or inhibit immune responses. DAP10- and DAP12-associated receptors have been shown to recognize both host-encoded ligands and ligands encoded by microbial pathogens, indicating that they play an important role in innate immune responses.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Autoantigens/immunology
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- Carbohydrates/immunology
- Conserved Sequence/immunology
- Evolution, Molecular
- Feedback, Physiological/immunology
- Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Infections/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2/immunology
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Semaphorins/immunology
- Semaphorins/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Stress, Physiological/immunology
- Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lewis L Lanier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cancer Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0414, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Motegi SI, Okazawa H, Murata Y, Kanazawa Y, Saito Y, Kobayashi H, Ohnishi H, Oldenborg PA, Ishikawa O, Matozaki T. Essential roles of SHPS-1 in induction of contact hypersensitivity of skin. Immunol Lett 2008; 121:52-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2008.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
40
|
Kobayashi M, Ohnishi H, Okazawa H, Murata Y, Hayashi Y, Kobayashi H, Kitamura T, Matozaki T. Expression of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 in pancreatic beta-Cells and its role in promotion of insulin secretion and protection against diabetes. Endocrinology 2008; 149:5662-9. [PMID: 18635660 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion by beta-cells of pancreatic islets is regulated by various soluble factors including glucose and hormones. The importance of direct cell-cell communication among beta-cells or between beta-cells and other cell types for such regulation has remained unclear, however. Transmembrane proteins Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 (SHPS-1) and its ligand CD47 interact through their extracellular regions and contribute to intercellular communication. We now show that both SHPS-1 and CD47 are prominently expressed in beta-cells of the pancreas. The plasma insulin level in the randomly fed state was markedly reduced in mice that express a mutant form of SHPS-1 lacking most of the cytoplasmic region compared with that in wild-type (WT) mice, although the blood glucose concentrations of the two types of mice were similar. This reduction in the plasma insulin level of SHPS-1 mutant mice was even more pronounced in animals maintained on a high-fat diet. Glucose tolerance was also markedly impaired in SHPS-1 mutant mice on a high-fat diet, whereas both peripheral insulin sensitivity and the insulin content of the pancreas in the mutant animals were similar to those of WT mice. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was similar for islets isolated from WT or SHPS-1 mutant mice. The impaired glucose tolerance of SHPS-1 mutant mice was ameliorated by treatment with the alpha2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine. These results suggest that SHPS-1 promotes insulin secretion from beta-cells and thereby protects against diabetes. Preventing of alpha2-adrenergic receptor-mediated inhibition of insulin secretion may partly participate in such a function of SHPS-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Biosignal Sciences, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8512, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
DAP12 couples c-Fms activation to the osteoclast cytoskeleton by recruitment of Syk. Mol Cell 2008; 31:422-31. [PMID: 18691974 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We examined the mechanism by which M-CSF regulates the cytoskeleton and function of the osteoclast, the exclusive bone resorptive cell. We show that binding of M-CSF to its receptor c-Fms generates a signaling complex comprising phosphorylated DAP12, an adaptor containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) and the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Syk. c-Fms tyrosine 559, the exclusive binding site of c-Src, is necessary for regulation of DAP12/Syk signaling. Deletion of either of these molecules yields osteoclasts that fail to reorganize their cytoskeleton. Retroviral transduction of null precursors with wild-type or mutant DAP12 or Syk reveals that the SH2 domain of Syk and the ITAM tyrosine residues and transmembrane domain of DAP12 mediate M-CSF signaling. Our data provide genetic and biochemical evidence that uncovers an epistatic signaling pathway linking the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Fms to the immune adaptor DAP12 and the cytoskeleton.
Collapse
|
42
|
A genome-wide analysis of LPS tolerance in macrophages. Immunobiology 2008; 212:723-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
43
|
Nakaishi A, Hirose M, Yoshimura M, Oneyama C, Saito K, Kuki N, Matsuda M, Honma N, Ohnishi H, Matozaki T, Okada M, Nakagawa A. Structural insight into the specific interaction between murine SHPS-1/SIRP alpha and its ligand CD47. J Mol Biol 2007; 375:650-60. [PMID: 18045614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SRC homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate 1 (SHPS-1 or SIRP alpha/BIT) is an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane receptor and a member of the signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family involved in cell-cell interaction. SHPS-1 binds to its ligand CD47 to relay an inhibitory signal for cellular responses, whereas SIRPbeta, an activating member of the same family, does not bind to CD47 despite sharing a highly homologous ligand-binding domain with SHPS-1. To address the molecular basis for specific CD47 recognition by SHPS-1, we present the crystal structure of the ligand-binding domain of murine SHPS-1 (mSHPS-1). Folding topology revealed that mSHPS-1 adopts an I2-set Ig fold, but its overall structure resembles IgV domains of antigen receptors, although it has an extended loop structure (C'E loop), which forms a dimer interface in the crystal. Site-directed mutagenesis studies of mSHPS-1 identified critical residues for CD47 binding including sites in the C'E loop and regions corresponding to complementarity-determining regions of antigen receptors. The structural and functional features of mSHPS-1 are consistent with the human SHPS-1 structure except that human SHPS-1 has an additional beta-strand D. These results suggest that the variable complementarity-determining region-like loop structures in the binding surface of SHPS-1 are generally required for ligand recognition in a manner similar to that of antigen receptors, which may explain the diverse ligand-binding specificities of SIRP family receptors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Alanine/metabolism
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Animals
- Binding Sites
- CD47 Antigen/genetics
- CD47 Antigen/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cell Adhesion
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Dimerization
- Disulfides/chemistry
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Genetic Vectors
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Ligands
- Lysine/metabolism
- Mice
- Models, Chemical
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Weight
- Moloney murine leukemia virus/physiology
- Phenylalanine/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Folding
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Retroviridae/genetics
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
- Transfection
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aki Nakaishi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Research Center for Structural and Functional Proteomics, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ochi S, Shinohara M, Sato K, Gober HJ, Koga T, Kodama T, Takai T, Miyasaka N, Takayanagi H. Pathological role of osteoclast costimulation in arthritis-induced bone loss. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:11394-9. [PMID: 17592115 PMCID: PMC2040909 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0701971104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal T cell immune responses induce aberrant expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, leading to osteoclastmediated bone erosion and osteoporosis in autoimmune arthritis. However, the mechanism underlying enhanced osteoclastogenesis in arthritis is not completely understood. Here we show that TNF-alpha contributes to inflammatory bone loss by enhancing the osteoclastogenic potential of osteoclast precursor cells through inducing paired Ig-like receptor-A (PIR-A), a costimulatory receptor for receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK). In fact, bone erosion and osteoporosis, but not inflammation, caused by aberrant TNF-alpha expression were ameliorated in mice deficient in Fc receptor common gamma subunit or beta(2)-microglobulin, in which the expression of PIR-As and PIR-A ligands is impaired, respectively. These results establish the pathological role of costimulatory receptors for RANK in bone loss in arthritis and may provide a molecular basis for the future therapy of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Arthritis, Experimental/genetics
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/therapy
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Gene Amplification/immunology
- Inflammation Mediators/immunology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Inflammation Mediators/physiology
- Infliximab
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- NFATC Transcription Factors/genetics
- Osteoclasts/cytology
- Osteoclasts/immunology
- Osteoclasts/pathology
- Osteoporosis/genetics
- Osteoporosis/immunology
- Osteoporosis/pathology
- Osteoporosis/therapy
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sae Ochi
- Departments of *Cell Signaling and
- Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Center of Excellence Program for Frontier Research on Molecular Destruction and Reconstruction of Tooth and Bone, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | | | - Kojiro Sato
- Departments of *Cell Signaling and
- Division of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Morohongo 38, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | | | | | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-cho 4-1, Aoba-ku Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Nobuyuki Miyasaka
- Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Center of Excellence Program for Frontier Research on Molecular Destruction and Reconstruction of Tooth and Bone, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Departments of *Cell Signaling and
- Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Expressed predominantly on myeloid and natural killer (NK) cells, DAP12 is an adapter protein that can associate with a variety of receptors. To date, DAP12 has predominantly been characterized as an adapter protein that activates various myeloid and NK cell effector functions; however, recent findings have demonstrated that DAP12 can also inhibit myeloid functions. Here we review the dual functionality of DAP12 and present evidence that DAP12 can suppress as well as activate NK cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayna Takaki
- The Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ikeda H, Okazawa H, Ohnishi H, Murata Y, Oldenborg PA, Matozaki T. Mutational analysis of the mechanism of negative regulation by SRC homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 of phagocytosis in macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:3123-32. [PMID: 16920950 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.5.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 (SHPS-1) is a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in macrophages. The binding of CD47 on RBCs to SHPS-1 on macrophages is implicated in inhibition of phagocytosis of the former cells by the latter. We have now shown that forced expression in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages of a mutant version (SHPS-1-4F) of mouse SHPS-1, in which four tyrosine phosphorylation sites are replaced by phenylalanine, markedly promoted Fc gammaR-mediated phagocytosis of mouse RBCs or SRBCs. Forced expression of another mutant form (SHPS-1-deltaCyto) of mouse SHPS-1, which lacks most of the cytoplasmic region, did not promote such phagocytosis. Similarly, forced expression of a rat version of SHPS-1-4F, but not that of rat wild-type SHPS-1 or SHPS-1-deltaCyto, in RAW264.7 cells enhanced Fc gammaR-mediated phagocytosis of RBCs. Tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous SHPS-1 as well as its association with Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 were not markedly inhibited by expression of SHPS-1-4F. Furthermore, the attachment of IgG-opsonized RBCs to RAW264.7 cells was markedly increased by expression of SHPS-1-4F, and this effect did not appear to be mediated by the interaction between CD47 and SHPS-1. These data suggest that inhibition by SHPS-1 of phagocytosis in macrophages is mediated, at least in part, in a manner independent of the transinteraction between CD47 and SHPS-1. In addition, the cytoplasmic region as well as tyrosine phosphorylation sites in this region of SHPS-1 appear indispensable for this inhibitory action of SHPS-1. Moreover, SHPS-1 may regulate the attachment of RBCs to macrophages by an as yet unidentified mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ikeda
- Laboratory of Biosignal Sciences, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lahoud MH, Proietto AI, Gartlan KH, Kitsoulis S, Curtis J, Wettenhall J, Sofi M, Daunt C, O'keeffe M, Caminschi I, Satterley K, Rizzitelli A, Schnorrer P, Hinohara A, Yamaguchi Y, Wu L, Smyth G, Handman E, Shortman K, Wright MD. Signal regulatory protein molecules are differentially expressed by CD8- dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:372-82. [PMID: 16785533 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.1.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A normalized subtracted gene expression library was generated from freshly isolated mouse dendritic cells (DC) of all subtypes, then used to construct cDNA microarrays. The gene expression profiles of the three splenic conventional DC (cDC) subsets were compared by microarray hybridization and two genes encoding signal regulatory protein beta (Sirpbeta1 and Sirpbeta4) molecules were identified as differentially expressed in CD8(-) cDC. Genomic sequence analysis revealed a third Sirpbeta member localized in the same gene cluster. These Sirpbeta genes encode cell surface molecules containing extracellular Ig domains and short intracytoplasmic domains that have a charged amino acid in the transmembrane region which can potentially interact with ITAM-bearing molecules to mediate signaling. Indeed, we demonstrated interactions between Sirpbeta1 and beta2 with the ITAM-bearing signaling molecule Dap12. Real-time PCR analysis showed that all three Sirpbeta genes were expressed by CD8(-) cDC, but not by CD8(+) cDC or plasmacytoid pre-DC. The related Sirpalpha gene showed a similar expression profile on cDC subtypes but was also expressed by plasmacytoid pre-DC. The differential expression of Sirpalpha and Sirpbeta1 molecules on DC was confirmed by staining with mAbs, including a new mAb recognizing Sirpbeta1. Cross-linking of Sirpbeta1 on DC resulted in a reduction in phagocytosis of Leishmania major parasites, but did not affect phagocytosis of latex beads, perhaps indicating that the regulation of phagocytosis by Sirpbeta1 is a ligand-dependent interaction. Thus, we postulate that the differential expression of these molecules may confer the ability to regulate the phagocytosis of particular ligands to CD8(-) cDC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireille H Lahoud
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The immune system must be highly regulated to obtain optimal immune responses for the elimination of pathogens without causing undue side effects. This tight regulation involves complex interactions between membrane proteins on leukocytes. Members of the signal-regulatory protein (SIRP) family, which are expressed mainly by myeloid cells, provide one example of these regulatory membrane proteins. There are three SIRP-family genes that encode proteins that have similar extracellular regions but different signalling potentials, and are therefore known as 'paired receptors'. In this Review, we describe recent studies defining the ligands of the SIRP-family members, with particular emphasis on relating the molecular interactions of these proteins to their role in immune-cell regulation.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/genetics
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/metabolism
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/physiology
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation/physiology
- Humans
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Multigene Family
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules/physiology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Neil Barclay
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
van Beek EM, Cochrane F, Barclay AN, van den Berg TK. Signal regulatory proteins in the immune system. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 175:7781-7. [PMID: 16339510 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.7781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Signal regulatory proteins (SIRPs) constitute a family of transmembrane glycoproteins with extracellular Ig-like domains. Several SIRP family members have thus far been identified on myeloid and other cells in man, mouse, rat, and cattle. In the present study, we provide a description of the SIRP multigene family, including a number of previously undescribed SIRP genes, based on the complete genome sequences of various mammalian and bird species. We discuss this information in the context of the known immunological properties of the individual SIRP family members. Our analysis reveals SIRPs as a diverse multigene family of immune receptors, which includes inhibitory SIRPalpha, activating SIRPbeta, nonsignaling SIRPgamma, and soluble SIRPdelta members. For each species, there appears to be a single inhibitory SIRPalpha member that, upon interaction with the "self" ligand CD47, controls "homeostatic" innate immune effector functions, such as host cell phagocytosis. The activating SIRPbeta proteins show considerable variability in structure and number across species and do not bind CD47. Thus the SIRP family is a rapidly evolving gene family with important roles in immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M van Beek
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fodor S, Jakus Z, Mócsai A. ITAM-based signaling beyond the adaptive immune response. Immunol Lett 2005; 104:29-37. [PMID: 16332394 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2005.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Revised: 10/29/2005] [Accepted: 11/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Classical immunoreceptors like lymphocyte antigen receptors and Fc-receptors (FcR) are central players of the adaptive immune response. These receptors utilize a common signal transduction mechanism, which relies on immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) present in the receptor complex. Upon ligand binding to the receptors, tyrosines within the ITAM sequence are phosphorylated by Src-family kinases, leading to an SH2-domain mediated recruitment and activation of the Syk or the related ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase. These kinases then initiate further downstream signaling events. Here we review recent evidence indicating that components of this ITAM-based signaling machinery are also present in a number of non-lymphoid or even non-immune cell types and they participate in diverse biological functions beyond the adaptive immune response, including innate immune mechanisms, platelet activation, bone resorption or tumor development. These results suggest that the ITAM-based signaling paradigm has much wider implications than previously anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szabina Fodor
- Department of Computer Science, Corvinus University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | |
Collapse
|