1
|
Clites BL, Frohock B, Koury EJ, Andersen EC, Pierce JT. Natural variation in protein kinase D modifies alcohol sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.09.598102. [PMID: 38895441 PMCID: PMC11185769 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.09.598102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Differences in naïve alcohol sensitivity between individuals are a strong predictor of later life alcohol use disorders (AUD). However, the genetic bases for alcohol sensitivity (beyond ethanol metabolism) and pharmacological approaches to modulate alcohol sensitivity remain poorly understood. We used a high-throughput behavioral screen to measure acute behavioral sensitivity to alcohol, a model of intoxication, in a genetically diverse set of over 150 wild strains of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We performed a genome-wide association study to identify loci that underlie natural variation in alcohol sensitivity. We identified five quantitative trait loci (QTL) and further show that variants in the C. elegans ortholog of protein kinase D, dkf-2, likely underlie the chromosome V QTL. We found that resistance to intoxication was conferred by dkf-2 loss-of-function mutations as well as partly by a PKD inhibitor in a dkf-2-dependent manner. Protein kinase D might represent a conserved, druggable target to modify alcohol sensitivity with application towards AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Clites
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol & Addiction Research, Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX
| | - Brooke Frohock
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol & Addiction Research, Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX
| | - Emily J Koury
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD
| | - Erik C Andersen
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD
| | - Jonathan T Pierce
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol & Addiction Research, Center for Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koutník J, Peer S, Humer D, Sumara G, Leitges M, Baier G, Siegmund K. T cell-intrinsic PKD3 fine-tunes differentiation into CD8 + central memory T cells and CD8 single positive thymocyte development. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38798068 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Members of the Protein kinases D (PKD) family are described as regulators of T cell responses. From the two T cell-expressed isoforms PKD2 and PKD3, so far mainly the former was thoroughly investigated and is well understood. Recently, we have investigated also PKD3 using conventional as well as conditional T cell-specific knockout models. These studies suggested PKD3 to be a T cell-extrinsic regulator of the cells' fate. However, these former model systems did not take into account possible redundancies with the highly homologous PKD2. To overcome this issue and thus properly unravel PKD3's T cell-intrinsic functions, here we additionally used a mouse model overexpressing a constitutively active isoform of PKD3 specifically in the T cell compartment. These transgenic mice showed a slightly higher proportion of central memory T cells in secondary lymphoid organs and blood. This effect could not be explained via differences upon polyclonal stimulation in vitro, however, may be connected to the observed developmental aberrances in the CD8 single positive compartment during thymic development. Lastly, the observed alterations in the CD8+ T cell compartment did not impact proper immune response upon immunization with ovalbumin or in a subcutaneous tumour model suggesting only a small to absent biological relevance. Taking together the knowledge of all our published studies on PKD3 in the T cell compartment, we now conclude that T cell-intrinsic PKD3 is a fine-tuner of central memory T cell as well as CD8 single positive thymocyte development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Koutník
- Institute of Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Peer
- Institute of Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Humer
- Institute of Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Grzegorz Sumara
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Michael Leitges
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Gottfried Baier
- Institute of Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kerstin Siegmund
- Institute of Cell Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Abrol R, Mak JYW, Das Gupta K, Ramnath D, Karunakaran D, Fairlie DP, Sweet MJ. Histone deacetylase 7: a signalling hub controlling development, inflammation, metabolism and disease. FEBS J 2023; 290:2805-2832. [PMID: 35303381 PMCID: PMC10952174 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyse removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on both histone and non-histone proteins to control numerous cellular processes. Of the 11 zinc-dependent classical HDACs, HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9 are class IIa HDAC enzymes that regulate cellular and developmental processes through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Over the last two decades, HDAC7 has been associated with key roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Molecular, cellular, in vivo and disease association studies have revealed that HDAC7 acts through multiple mechanisms to control biological processes in immune cells, osteoclasts, muscle, the endothelium and epithelium. This HDAC protein regulates gene expression, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell survival and consequently controls development, angiogenesis, immune functions, inflammation and metabolism. This review focuses on the cell biology of HDAC7, including the regulation of its cellular localisation and molecular mechanisms of action, as well as its associative and causal links with cancer and inflammatory, metabolic and fibrotic diseases. We also review the development status of small molecule inhibitors targeting HDAC7 and their potential for intervention in different disease contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Rishika Abrol
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Jeffrey Y. W. Mak
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Kaustav Das Gupta
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Divya Ramnath
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Denuja Karunakaran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research CentreThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Matthew J. Sweet
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research CentreThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Axisa PP, Yoshida TM, Lucca LE, Kasler HG, Lincoln MR, Pham GH, Del Priore D, Carpier JM, Lucas CL, Verdin E, Sumida TS, Hafler DA. A multiple sclerosis-protective coding variant reveals an essential role for HDAC7 in regulatory T cells. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl3651. [PMID: 36516268 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl3651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies identifying hundreds of susceptibility loci for autoimmune diseases indicate that genes active in immune cells predominantly mediate risk. However, identification and functional characterization of causal variants remain challenging. Here, we focused on the immunomodulatory role of a protective variant of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7). This variant (rs148755202, HDAC7.p.R166H) was identified in a study of low-frequency coding variation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Through transcriptomic analyses, we demonstrate that wild-type HDAC7 regulates genes essential for the function of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), an immunosuppressive subset of CD4 T cells that is generally dysfunctional in patients with MS. Moreover, Treg-specific conditional hemizygous deletion of HDAC7 increased the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), a mouse model of neuroinflammation. In contrast, Tregs transduced with the protective HDAC7 R166H variant exhibited higher suppressive capacity in an in vitro functional assay, mirroring phenotypes previously observed in patient samples. In vivo modeling of the human HDAC7 R166H variant by generation of a knock-in mouse model bearing an orthologous R150H substitution demonstrated decreased EAE severity linked to transcriptomic alterations of brain-infiltrating Tregs, as assessed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Our data suggest that dysregulation of epigenetic modifiers, a distinct molecular class associated with disease risk, may influence disease onset. Last, our approach provides a template for the translation of genetic susceptibility loci to detailed functional characterization, using in vitro and in vivo modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Paul Axisa
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Tomomi M Yoshida
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Liliana E Lucca
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Matthew R Lincoln
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Giang H Pham
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Dante Del Priore
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jean-Marie Carpier
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carrie L Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Tomokazu S Sumida
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David A Hafler
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ashrafian S, Zarrineh M, Jensen P, Nawrocki A, Rezadoost H, Ansari AM, Farahmand L, Ghassempour A, Larsen MR. Quantitative Phosphoproteomics and Acetylomics of Safranal Anticancer Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2566-2585. [PMID: 36173113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Safranal, as an aroma in saffron, is one of the cytotoxic compounds in saffron that causes cell death in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Our recent research reported the anti-cancer effects of safranal, which further demonstrated its impact on protein translation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA fragmentation. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, we identified acetylated and phosphorylated peptides in safranal-treated cancer cells. We conducted a comprehensive phosphoproteomics and acetylomics analysis of safranal-treated MDA-MB-231 cells by using a combination of TMT labeling and enrichment methods including titanium dioxide and immunoprecipitation. We provide a wide range of phosphoproteome regulation in different signaling pathways that are disrupted by safranal treatment. Safranal influences the phosphorylation level on proteins involved in DNA replication and repair, translation, and EGFR activation/accumulation, which can lead the cells into apoptosis. Safranal causes DNA damage which is followed by the activation of cell cycle checkpoints for DNA repair. Over time, checkpoints and DNA repair are inhibited and cells are under a mitotic catastrophe. Moreover, safranal prevents repair by the hypo-acetylation of H4 and facilitates the transcription of proapoptotic genes by hyper-acetylation of H3, which push the cells to the brink of death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrbanou Ashrafian
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Mahshid Zarrineh
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran.,Department of Oncology and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna SE17165, Sweden
| | - Pia Jensen
- Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Arkadiusz Nawrocki
- Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Hassan Rezadoost
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Alireza Madjid Ansari
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Moatamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Moatamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran 1517964311, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hong H, Su J, Huang C, Lu X, Cui Z. Comprehensive insights into the function and molecular and pharmacological regulation of neuron-derived orphan receptor 1, an orphan receptor. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:981490. [PMID: 36110555 PMCID: PMC9468329 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.981490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (NOR1), also called nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3), is a nuclear receptor belonging to the NR4A family. Since no endogenous ligand has been identified to date, NOR1 is also referred to as an orphan receptor. NOR1 is expressed in a variety of cells and tissues, including neurons, vascular smooth muscle cells, T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, tumor cells, heart, liver, and pancreas. Because NOR1 was first identified in apoptotic neurons, it is functionally associated with the regulation of cell migration and the growth of neuronal synapses. In-depth studies have shown that NOR1 can be edited by the immediate early gene and functions as a transcription factor. NOR1 has been shown to be rapidly induced by a number of stimulants including growth factors, fatty acids, and neurotransmitters. Elevated NOR1 levels may be involved in a number of pathophysiological processes. These include regulation of cellular apoptosis and regeneration, neuron formation, contextual fearing memory, inflammation, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, insulin secretion, and tumor development, whereby NOR1 mediates the pathogenesis of numerous diseases such as cerebral ischemia, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, cardiac hypertrophy, diabetes, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. However, to date, comprehensive insights into the function of NOR1 are not available in sources published online. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the function and molecular and pharmacological regulation of NOR1 in various pathological or physiological conditions to advance the development of NOR1 as a novel target for disease treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Hong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianbin Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiming Cui,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Angiotensin II Mediates Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy in Atrial Cardiomyopathy via Epigenetic Transcriptional Regulation. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6312100. [PMID: 35756425 PMCID: PMC9232324 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6312100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Aims European Heart Rhythm Association established an expert consensus to define, characterize, and classify atrial cardiomyopathy into four subgroups based on their histopathological features. The predominant pathological feature of classes I and III is the hypertrophy of atrial cardiomyocytes. Here, we aim to investigate the mechanism of epigenetic transcriptional regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in atrial cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results Compared with that of sinus rhythm control individuals, the myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation exhibited increased levels of angiotensin II (AngII), chromatin-bound myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), acetylated histone H4 (H4ac), and H3K27ac; upregulation of hypertrophy-related genes; and decreased levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 4 and HDAC5 bound to the promoters of hypertrophy-related genes. Furthermore, incubation of atrial cardiomyocytes with AngII increased their cross-sectional area and improved the expression of hypertrophy-related genes. AngII also promoted the phosphorylation of HDAC4 and HDAC5 and induced their nuclear export. RNA sequencing analyses revealed that AngII significantly upregulated genes associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that this correlated with increased levels of chromatin-bound MEF2, H4ac, and H3K27ac and decreased HDAC4 and HDAC5 enrichment in the promoters of hypertrophy-related genes. Moreover, these AngII-induced prohypertrophic effects could be partially reverted by treatment with the AngII receptor blocker losartan. Conclusions AngII had a prohypertrophic effect on atrial cardiomyopathy which was epigenetic-dependent. Patients with atrial fibrillation manifest an increased susceptibility to hypertrophy and exhibit epigenetic characteristics that are permissive for the transcription of hypertrophy-related genes. AngII induces histone acetylation via the cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling of HDACs, which constitutes a novel mechanism of atrial hypertrophy regulation and might provide a promising therapeutic strategy for atrial cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
|
8
|
Meyers CMG, Burciaga SD, Faulkner B, Kazemi P, Cohn JM, Mansky KC, Jensen ED. Histone deacetylase 5 is a phosphorylation substrate of protein kinase D in osteoclasts. Bone 2022; 159:116393. [PMID: 35318161 PMCID: PMC9035101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PRKD) family kinases are required for formation and function of osteoclasts. However, the substrates of PRKD in osteoclasts are unknown. To identify PRKD-dependent protein phosphorylation in osteoclasts, we performed a quantitative LC-MS/MS phosphoproteomics screen for proteins showing differential phosphorylation in osteoclasts after treatment with the PRKD inhibitor CRT0066101. We identified 757 phosphopeptides showing significant changes following PRKD inhibition. Among the changes, we found a group of 13 proteins showing decreased phosphorylation at PRKD consensus phosphorylation motifs. This group includes histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), which is a previously validated PRKD target. Considering this known interaction, work suggesting HDACs may be important regulators of osteoclasts, and studies suggesting potential functional redundancy between HDACs, we further investigated the relationship between PRKD and class IIa HDACs in osteoclasts. We confirmed that CRT0066101 inhibits phosphorylation of endogenous HDAC5 and to a lesser extent HDAC4, whereas HDAC7 phosphorylation was not affected. Osteoclast cultures from Hdac5 global knockout mice displayed impaired differentiation and reduced ability to resorb bone, while conditional knockout of Hdac4 in osteoclasts showed no phenotype in vitro or in vivo. The inhibitory effect of CRT0066101 was reduced in Hdac5 KO osteoclasts. Together these data indicate that the PRKD/HDAC5 axis contributes to osteoclast formation in vitro and suggest that this pathway may contribute to regulation of skeletal dynamics in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Mello Guimaraes Meyers
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Samuel D Burciaga
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bora Faulkner
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Parandis Kazemi
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jacob M Cohn
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kim C Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric D Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang X, Connelly J, Chao Y, Wang QJ. Multifaceted Functions of Protein Kinase D in Pathological Processes and Human Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030483. [PMID: 33807058 PMCID: PMC8005150 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D (PKD) is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases operating in the signaling network of the second messenger diacylglycerol. The three family members, PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3, are activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli and transduce cell signals affecting many aspects of basic cell functions including secretion, migration, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and immune response. Dysregulation of PKD in expression and activity has been detected in many human diseases. Further loss- or gain-of-function studies at cellular levels and in animal models provide strong support for crucial roles of PKD in many pathological conditions, including cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiac diseases, central nervous system disorders, inflammatory diseases, and immune dysregulation. Complexity in enzymatic regulation and function is evident as PKD isoforms may act differently in different biological systems and disease models, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences and their biological significance in vivo is essential for the development of safer and more effective PKD-targeted therapies. In this review, to provide a global understanding of PKD function, we present an overview of the PKD family in several major human diseases with more focus on cancer-associated biological processes.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu S, Peng H, Chen Y, Cheng Z, Liu S, Luo Y, Li R, Deng M, Xu Y, Hu G, Chen L, Zhang G. A small molecular compound CC1007 induces cross-lineage differentiation by inhibiting HDAC7 expression and HDAC7/MEF2C interaction in BCR-ABL1 - pre-B-ALL. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:738. [PMID: 32913188 PMCID: PMC7483467 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02949-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7), a member of class IIa HDACs, has been described to be an important regulator for B cell development and has a potential role in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). CC1007, a BML-210 analog, is designed to indirectly inhibit class IIa HDACs by binding to myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) and blocking the recruitment of class IIa HDACs to MEF2-targeted genes to enhance the expression of these targets. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of CC1007 in breakpoint cluster region-Abelson 1 fusion gene-negative (BCR-ABL1−) pre-B-ALL cell lines and primary patient-derived BCR-ABL1− pre-B-ALL cells. CC1007 had obvious antileukemic activity toward pre-B-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo; it also significantly prolonged median survival time of pre-B-ALL-bearing mice. Interestingly, low dose of CC1007 could inhibit proliferation of BCR-ABL1− pre-B-ALL cells in a time-dependent manner not accompanied by significant cell apoptosis, but along with cross-lineage differentiation toward monocytic lineage. From a mechanistic angle, we showed that HDAC7 was overexpressed in BCR-ABL1− pre-B-ALL cells compared to normal bone marrow samples, and CC1007 could reduce the binding of HDAC7 at the promoters of monocyte–macrophage-specific genes via inhibition of HDAC7 expression and HDAC7:MEF2C interaction. These data indicated that CC1007 may be a promising agent for the treatment of BCR-ABL1− pre-B-ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shicong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunya Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingyang Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunxiao Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoyu Hu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Institute of Molecular Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Regulation of histone deacetylase activities and functions by phosphorylation and its physiological relevance. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:427-445. [PMID: 32683534 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are conserved enzymes that regulate many cellular processes by catalyzing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on histones and non-histone proteins. As appropriate for proteins that occupy such an essential biological role, HDAC activities and functions are in turn highly regulated. Overwhelming evidence suggests that the dysregulation of HDACs plays a major role in many human diseases. The regulation of HDACs is achieved by multiple different mechanisms, including posttranslational modifications. One of the most common posttranslational modifications on HDACs is reversible phosphorylation. Many HDAC phosphorylations are context-dependent, occurring in specific tissues or as a consequence of certain stimuli. Additionally, whereas phosphorylation can regulate some HDACs in a non-specific manner, many HDAC phosphorylations result in specific consequences. Although some of these modifications support normal HDAC function, aberrations can contribute to disease development. Here we review and critically evaluate how reversible phosphorylation activates or deactivates HDACs and, thereby, regulates their many functions under various cellular and physiological contexts.
Collapse
|
12
|
Leightner AC, Mello Guimaraes Meyers C, Evans MD, Mansky KC, Gopalakrishnan R, Jensen ED. Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation at Multiple Stages by Protein Kinase D Family Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031056. [PMID: 32033440 PMCID: PMC7036879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced osteoclast and osteoblast activity is necessary for skeletal health, whereas unbalanced osteoclast activity causes bone loss in many skeletal conditions. A better understanding of pathways that regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity is necessary for the development of new therapies to better manage bone resorption. The roles of Protein Kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine kinases in osteoclasts have not been well characterized. In this study we use immunofluorescence analysis to reveal that PKD2 and PKD3, the isoforms expressed in osteoclasts, are found in the nucleus and cytoplasm, the mitotic spindle and midbody, and in association with the actin belt. We show that PKD inhibitors CRT0066101 and CID755673 inhibit several distinct aspects of osteoclast formation. Treating bone marrow macrophages with lower doses of the PKD inhibitors had little effect on M-CSF + RANKL-dependent induction into committed osteoclast precursors, but inhibited their motility and subsequent differentiation into multinucleated mature osteoclasts, whereas higher doses of the PKD inhibitors induced apoptosis of the preosteoclasts. Treating post-fusion multinucleated osteoclasts with the inhibitors disrupted the osteoclast actin belts and impaired their resorptive activity. In conclusion, these data implicate PKD kinases as positive regulators of osteoclasts, which are essential for multiple distinct processes throughout their formation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Leightner
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carina Mello Guimaraes Meyers
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael D. Evans
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-626-4159
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang P, Wang Z, Liu J. Role of HDACs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:5. [PMID: 31910827 PMCID: PMC6945581 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal hematopoiesis requires the accurate orchestration of lineage-specific patterns of gene expression at each stage of development, and epigenetic regulators play a vital role. Disordered epigenetic regulation has emerged as a key mechanism contributing to hematological malignancies. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a series of key transcriptional cofactors that regulate gene expression by deacetylation of lysine residues on histone and nonhistone proteins. In normal hematopoiesis, HDACs are widely involved in the development of various lineages. Their functions involve stemness maintenance, lineage commitment determination, cell differentiation and proliferation, etc. Deregulation of HDACs by abnormal expression or activity and oncogenic HDAC-containing transcriptional complexes are involved in hematological malignancies. Currently, HDAC family members are attractive targets for drug design, and a variety of HDAC-based combination strategies have been developed for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Drug resistance and limited therapeutic efficacy are key issues that hinder the clinical applications of HDAC inhibitors (HDACis). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of how HDACs and HDAC-containing complexes function in normal hematopoiesis and highlight the etiology of HDACs in hematological malignancies. Moreover, the implication and drug resistance of HDACis are also discussed. This review presents an overview of the physiology and pathology of HDACs in the blood system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.,Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zi Wang
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China. .,Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Odagiu L, May J, Boulet S, Baldwin TA, Labrecque N. Role of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR4A Family in T-Cell Biology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:624122. [PMID: 33597928 PMCID: PMC7883379 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.624122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear orphan receptors NR4A1, NR4A2, and NR4A3 are immediate early genes that are induced by various signals. They act as transcription factors and their activity is not regulated by ligand binding and are thus regulated via their expression levels. Their expression is transiently induced in T cells by triggering of the T cell receptor following antigen recognition during both thymic differentiation and peripheral T cell responses. In this review, we will discuss how NR4A family members impact different aspects of the life of a T cell from thymic differentiation to peripheral response against infections and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Odagiu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia May
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Salix Boulet
- Laboratory of Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Troy A. Baldwin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Troy A. Baldwin, ; Nathalie Labrecque,
| | - Nathalie Labrecque
- Laboratory of Immunology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Troy A. Baldwin, ; Nathalie Labrecque,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barrio-Hernandez I, Jafari A, Rigbolt KTG, Hallenborg P, Sanchez-Quiles V, Skovrind I, Akimov V, Kratchmarova I, Dengjel J, Kassem M, Blagoev B. Phosphoproteomic profiling reveals a defined genetic program for osteoblastic lineage commitment of human bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells. Genome Res 2019; 30:127-137. [PMID: 31831592 PMCID: PMC6961576 DOI: 10.1101/gr.248286.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into osteoblasts upon stimulation by signals present in their niche. Because the global signaling cascades involved in the early phases of MSCs osteoblast (OB) differentiation are not well-defined, we used quantitative mass spectrometry to delineate changes in human MSCs proteome and phosphoproteome during the first 24 h of their OB lineage commitment. The temporal profiles of 6252 proteins and 15,059 phosphorylation sites suggested at least two distinct signaling waves: one peaking within 30 to 60 min after stimulation and a second upsurge after 24 h. In addition to providing a comprehensive view of the proteome and phosphoproteome dynamics during early MSCs differentiation, our analyses identified a key role of serine/threonine protein kinase D1 (PRKD1) in OB commitment. At the onset of OB differentiation, PRKD1 initiates activation of the pro-osteogenic transcription factor RUNX2 by triggering phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of the histone deacetylase HDAC7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Odense and University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer T G Rigbolt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Philip Hallenborg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Virginia Sanchez-Quiles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ida Skovrind
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Vyacheslav Akimov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Irina Kratchmarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Joern Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Odense and University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Asfaha Y, Schrenk C, Alves Avelar LA, Hamacher A, Pflieger M, Kassack MU, Kurz T. Recent advances in class IIa histone deacetylases research. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115087. [PMID: 31561937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic control plays an important role in gene regulation through chemical modifications of DNA and post-translational modifications of histones. An essential post-translational modification is the histone acetylation/deacetylation-process which is regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). The mammalian zinc dependent HDAC family is subdivided into three classes: class I (HDACs 1-3, 8), class II (IIa: HDACs 4, 5, 7, 9; IIb: HDACs 6, 10) and class IV (HDAC 11). In this review, recent studies on the biological role and regulation of class IIa HDACs as well as their contribution in neurodegenerative diseases, immune disorders and cancer will be presented. Furthermore, the development, synthesis, and future perspectives of selective class IIa inhibitors will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yodita Asfaha
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Schrenk
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leandro A Alves Avelar
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hamacher
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Pflieger
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sangwan R, Rajan R, Mandal PK. HDAC as onco target: Reviewing the synthetic approaches with SAR study of their inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:620-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
18
|
Kiss A, Erdődi F, Lontay B. Myosin phosphatase: Unexpected functions of a long-known enzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:2-15. [PMID: 30076859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Myosin phosphatase (MP) holoenzyme is a Ser/Thr specific enzyme, which is the member of protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) family and composed of a PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c/PPP1CB) and a myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT1/PPP1R12A). PP1c is required for the catalytic activity of the holoenzyme, while MYPT1 regulates MP through targeting the holoenzyme to its substrates. Above the well-characterized function of MP, as the major regulator of smooth muscle contractility mediating the dephosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain, accumulating data support its role in other, non-contractile functions. In this review, we summarize the scaffold function of MP holoenzyme and its roles in processes such as cell cycle, development, gene expression regulation and neurotransmitter release. In particular, we highlight novel interacting proteins of MYPT1 and pathophysiological functions of MP relevant to tumorigenesis, insulin resistance and neurodegenerative disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Phosphatases as Critical Regulators for Cellular Homeostasis edited by Prof. Peter Ruvolo and Dr. Veerle Janssens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kiss
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Erdődi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beáta Lontay
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kasler HG, Lee IS, Lim HW, Verdin E. Histone Deacetylase 7 mediates tissue-specific autoimmunity via control of innate effector function in invariant Natural Killer T Cells. eLife 2018; 7:e32109. [PMID: 29664401 PMCID: PMC5943034 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that Histone Deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) controls the thymic effector programming of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells, and that interference with this function contributes to tissue-specific autoimmunity. Gain of HDAC7 function in thymocytes blocks both negative selection and NKT development, and diverts Vα14/Jα18 TCR transgenic thymocytes into a Tconv-like lineage. Conversely, HDAC7 deletion promotes thymocyte apoptosis and causes expansion of innate-effector cells. Investigating the mechanisms involved, we found that HDAC7 binds PLZF and modulates PLZF-dependent transcription. Moreover, HDAC7 and many of its transcriptional targets are human risk loci for IBD and PSC, autoimmune diseases that strikingly resemble the disease we observe in HDAC7 gain-of-function in mice. Importantly, reconstitution of iNKT cells in these mice mitigated their disease, suggesting that the combined defects in negative selection and iNKT cells due to altered HDAC7 function can cause tissue-restricted autoimmunity, a finding that may explain the association between HDAC7 and hepatobiliary autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert G Kasler
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and ImmunologySan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| | - Intelly S Lee
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and ImmunologySan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and ImmunologySan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and ImmunologySan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ali I, Conrad RJ, Verdin E, Ott M. Lysine Acetylation Goes Global: From Epigenetics to Metabolism and Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2018; 118:1216-1252. [PMID: 29405707 PMCID: PMC6609103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational acetylation of lysine residues has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism in all eukaryotic organisms. Originally discovered in 1963 as a unique modification of histones, acetylation marks are now found on thousands of nonhistone proteins located in virtually every cellular compartment. Here we summarize key findings in the field of protein acetylation over the past 20 years with a focus on recent discoveries in nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial compartments. Collectively, these findings have elevated protein acetylation as a major post-translational modification, underscoring its physiological relevance in gene regulation, cell signaling, metabolism, and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Ali
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Ryan J. Conrad
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, United States
| | - Melanie Ott
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cid‐Díaz T, Santos‐Zas I, González‐Sánchez J, Gurriarán‐Rodríguez U, Mosteiro CS, Casabiell X, García‐Caballero T, Mouly V, Pazos Y, Camiña JP. Obestatin controls the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome systems in glucocorticoid-induced muscle cell atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:974-990. [PMID: 28675664 PMCID: PMC5700440 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many pathological states characterized by muscle atrophy are associated with an increase in circulating glucocorticoids and poor patient prognosis, making it an important target for treatment. The development of treatments for glucocorticoid-induced and wasting disorder-related skeletal muscle atrophy should be designed based on how the particular transcriptional program is orchestrated and how the balance of muscle protein synthesis and degradation is deregulated. Here, we investigated whether the obestatin/GPR39 system, an autocrine/paracrine signaling system acting on myogenesis and with anabolic effects on the skeletal muscle, could protect against glucocorticoid-induced muscle cell atrophy. METHODS In the present study, we have utilized mouse C2C12 myotube cultures to examine whether the obestatin/GPR39 signaling pathways can affect the atrophy induced by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. We have extended these findings to in vitro effects on human atrophy using human KM155C25 myotubes. RESULTS The activation of the obestatin/GPR39 system protects from glucocorticoid-induced atrophy by regulation of Akt, PKD/PKCμ, CAMKII and AMPK signaling and its downstream targets in the control of protein synthesis, ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosome system in mouse cells. We compared mouse and human myotube cells in their response to glucocorticoid and identified differences in both the triggering of the atrophic program and the response to obestatin stimulation. Notably, we demonstrate that specific patterns of post-translational modifications of FoxO4 and FoxO1 play a key role in directing FoxO activity in response to obestatin in human myotubes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the function of the obestatin/GPR39 system in coordinating a variety of pathways involved in the regulation of protein degradation during catabolic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Cid‐Díaz
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Icía Santos‐Zas
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Jessica González‐Sánchez
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Uxía Gurriarán‐Rodríguez
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell ResearchOttawa Hospital Research Institute501 Smyth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8L6Canada
| | - Carlos S. Mosteiro
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Xesús Casabiell
- Departamento de FisiologíaFacultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)Carballo Calero s/n27002LugoSpain
| | - Tomás García‐Caballero
- Departamento de Ciencias MorfológicasFacultad de Medicina, USCSan Francisco s/n15704Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology47 Boulevard de l'hôpital75013ParisFrance
| | - Yolanda Pazos
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Jesús P. Camiña
- Área de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS)Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Servicio Gallego de Salud (SERGAS)Choupana s/n15706Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Roy A, Ye J, Deng F, Wang QJ. Protein kinase D signaling in cancer: A friend or foe? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:283-294. [PMID: 28577984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase D is a family of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that belongs to the Ca++/Calmodulin-dependent kinase superfamily. Signal transduction pathways mediated by PKD can be triggered by a variety of stimuli including G protein-coupled receptor agonists, growth factors, hormones, and cellular stresses. The regulatory mechanisms and physiological roles of PKD have been well documented including cell proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis, regulation of gene expression, and protein/membrane trafficking. However, its precise roles in disease progression, especially in cancer, remain elusive. A plethora of studies documented the cell- and tissue-specific expressions and functions of PKD in various cancer-associated biological processes, while the causes of the differential effects of PKD have not been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we have discussed the structural-functional properties, activation mechanisms, signaling pathways and physiological functions of PKD in the context of human cancer. Additionally, we have provided a comprehensive review of the reported tumor promoting or tumor suppressive functions of PKD in several major cancer types and discussed the discrepancies that have been raised on PKD as a major regulator of malignant transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adhiraj Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Deng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Myers DR, Lau T, Markegard E, Lim HW, Kasler H, Zhu M, Barczak A, Huizar JP, Zikherman J, Erle DJ, Zhang W, Verdin E, Roose JP. Tonic LAT-HDAC7 Signals Sustain Nur77 and Irf4 Expression to Tune Naive CD4 T Cells. Cell Rep 2017; 19:1558-1571. [PMID: 28538176 PMCID: PMC5587137 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells differentiate into T helper cell subsets in feedforward manners with synergistic signals from the T cell receptor (TCR), cytokines, and lineage-specific transcription factors. Naive CD4+ T cells avoid spontaneous engagement of feedforward mechanisms but retain a prepared state. T cells lacking the adaptor molecule LAT demonstrate impaired TCR-induced signals yet cause a spontaneous lymphoproliferative T helper 2 (TH2) cell syndrome in mice. Thus, LAT constitutes an unexplained maintenance cue. Here, we demonstrate that tonic signals through LAT constitutively export the repressor HDAC7 from the nucleus of CD4+ T cells. Without such tonic signals, HDAC7 target genes Nur77 and Irf4 are repressed. We reveal that Nur77 suppresses CD4+ T cell proliferation and uncover a suppressive role for Irf4 in TH2 polarization; halving Irf4 gene-dosage leads to increases in GATA3+ and IL-4+ cells. Our studies reveal that naive CD4+ T cells are dynamically tuned by tonic LAT-HDAC7 signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darienne R Myers
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tannia Lau
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Evan Markegard
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Herbert Kasler
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Minghua Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrea Barczak
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - John P Huizar
- Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Arthritis Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Julie Zikherman
- Division of Rheumatology, Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Arthritis Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - David J Erle
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeroen P Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Expression of Twist2 is controlled by T-cell receptor signaling and determines the survival and death of thymocytes. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1804-1814. [PMID: 27391798 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-reactive thymocytes are eliminated by negative selection, whereas competent thymocytes survive by positive selection. The strength of the T-cell receptor (TCR) signal determines the fate of thymocytes undergoing either positive or negative selection. The TCR signal strength is relatively higher in negative selection than in positive selection and induces pro-apoptotic molecules such as Nur77 and Nor-1, which are members of the orphan nuclear receptor family, that then cause TCR-mediated apoptosis. However, at the molecular level, it remains unclear how positive or negative selection is distinguished based on the TCR signal. We found that the expression of Twist2 is differentially regulated in positively and negatively selected thymocytes. In particular, TCR signal strength that elicits positive selection induces Twist2 expression via the Ca2+-Cacineurin-NFATc3 pathway, whereas strength of the TCR signal that results in negative selection abolishes NFATc3-dependent Twist2 induction via specific activation of the JNK pathway. Using Twist2-deficient and Twist2 transgenic mice, we also found that Twist2 determines thymocyte sensitivity to TCR-mediated apoptosis by regulating the expression of Nur77 and Nor-1. Twist2 partially retains histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) in the nucleus and recruits it to the Nur77 promoter region to repress Nur77 in positively selected thymocytes. Thus our results suggest a molecular mechanism of how thymocytes interpret the strength of the TCR signal and how TCR sensitivity is controlled during thymic selection.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ren B. Protein Kinase D1 Signaling in Angiogenic Gene Expression and VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:37. [PMID: 27200349 PMCID: PMC4854877 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase D 1 (PKD-1) is a signaling kinase important in fundamental cell functions including migration, proliferation, and differentiation. PKD-1 is also a key regulator of gene expression and angiogenesis that is essential for cardiovascular development and tumor progression. Further understanding molecular aspects of PKD-1 signaling in the regulation of angiogenesis may have translational implications in obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The author will summarize and provide the insights into molecular mechanisms by which PKD-1 regulates transcriptional expression of angiogenic genes, focusing on the transcriptional regulation of CD36 by PKD-1-FoxO1 signaling axis along with the potential implications of this axis in arterial differentiation and morphogenesis. He will also discuss a new concept of dynamic balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic signaling in determining angiogenic switch, and stress how PKD-1 signaling regulates VEGF signaling-mediated angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ren
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA; Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Di Giorgio E, Brancolini C. Regulation of class IIa HDAC activities: it is not only matter of subcellular localization. Epigenomics 2016; 8:251-69. [DOI: 10.2217/epi.15.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to environmental cues, enzymes that influence the functions of proteins, through reversible post-translational modifications supervise the coordination of cell behavior like orchestral conductors. Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) belong to this category. Even though in vertebrates these deacetylases have discarded the core enzymatic activity, class IIa HDACs can assemble into multiprotein complexes devoted to transcriptional reprogramming, including but not limited to epigenetic changes. Class IIa HDACs are subjected to variegated and interconnected layers of regulation, which reflect the wide range of biological responses under the scrutiny of this gene family. Here, we discuss about the key mechanisms that fine tune class IIa HDACs activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eros Di Giorgio
- Department of Medical & Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine., P.le Kolbe 4 - 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Department of Medical & Biological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Udine., P.le Kolbe 4 - 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
A role of genetics in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) development is now firmly established. A total of 16 risk genes have been reported at highly robust ("genome-wide") significance levels, and ongoing efforts suggest that the list will ultimately be considerably longer. Importantly, this genetic risk pool so far accounts for less than 10 % of an estimated overall PSC susceptibility. The relative importance of genetic versus environmental factors (including gene-gene and gene-environment interactions) in remaining aspects of PSC pathogenesis is unknown, and other study designs than genome-wide association studies are needed to explore these aspects. For some of the loci, e.g. HLA and FUT2, distinct interacting environmental factors may exist, and working from the genetic associations may prove one valid path for determining the specific nature of environmental triggers. So far the biological implications for PSC risk genes are typically merely hypothesized based on previously published literature, and there is therefore a strong need for dedicated translational studies to determine their roles within the specific disease context of PSC. Apparently, most risk loci seem to involve in a subset of biological pathways for which genetic associations exist in a multitude of immune-mediated diseases, accounting for both inflammatory bowel disease as well as prototypical autoimmunity. In the present article, we will survey the current knowledge on PSC genetics with a particular emphasis on the pathophysiological insight potentially gained from genetic risk loci involving in this profound immunogenetic pleiotropy.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Protein kinase Cθ (PKCθ) is a member of the novel calcium-independent PKC family, with a relatively selective tissue distribution. Most studies have focused on its unique role in T-lymphocyte activation and suggest that inhibition of PKCθ could represent a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of chronic inflammation, autoimmunity and allograft rejection. However, considering that PKCθ is also expressed in other cell types, including skeletal muscle cells, it is important to understand its function in different tissues before proposing it as a molecular target for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. A number of studies have highlighted the role of PKCθ in mediating several intracellular pathways, regulating muscle cell development, homoeostasis and remodelling, although a comprehensive picture is still lacking. Moreover, we recently showed that lack of PKCθ in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) ameliorates the progression of the disease. In the present article, we review new developments in our understanding of the involvement of PKCθ in intracellular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle development, growth and maintenance under physiological conditions and recent advances showing a hitherto unrecognized role of PKCθ in promoting muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
|
29
|
Parra M. Class IIa HDACs - new insights into their functions in physiology and pathology. FEBS J 2015; 282:1736-44. [PMID: 25244360 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9 constitute the class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) within the large family of protein deacetylases. Class IIa HDACs have unique features that distinguish them from other HDACs. They contain an N-terminal domain that is required for their interaction with tissue-specific transcription factors and recruitment to their target genes. The N-terminal domain on class IIa HDACs also bears conserved serine residues that undergo signal-dependent phosphorylation, which brings about nuclear export of the enzymes and de-repression of their targets. One of the most important aspects of class IIa HDACs is their expression in specific tissues and organs within the organism, where they have crucial roles in development and differentiation processes. This review brings up to date our knowledge of the physiological and pathological functions of class IIa HDACs, focusing in particular on the most recent discoveries from in vivo studies of mouse model systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Parra
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
HDAC7 modulates TNF-α-mediated suppression of Leydig cell steroidogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 406:83-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
31
|
Barneda-Zahonero B, Collazo O, Azagra A, Fernández-Duran I, Serra-Musach J, Islam ABMMK, Vega-García N, Malatesta R, Camós M, Gómez A, Román-González L, Vidal A, López-Bigas N, Villanueva A, Esteller M, Parra M. The transcriptional repressor HDAC7 promotes apoptosis and c-Myc downregulation in particular types of leukemia and lymphoma. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1635. [PMID: 25675295 PMCID: PMC4669785 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The generation of B cells is a complex process requiring several cellular transitions, including cell commitment and differentiation. Proper transcriptional control to establish the genetic programs characteristic of each cellular stage is essential for the correct development of B lymphocytes. Deregulation of these particular transcriptional programs may result in a block in B-cell maturation, contributing to the development of hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. However, very little is currently known about the role of transcriptional repressors in normal and aberrant B lymphopoiesis. Here we report that histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) is underexpressed in pro-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pro-B-ALL) and Burkitt lymphoma. Ectopic expression of HDAC7 induces apoptosis, leads to the downregulation of c-Myc and inhibits the oncogenic potential of cells in vivo, in a xenograft model. Most significantly, we have observed low levels of HDAC7 expression in B-ALL patient samples, which is correlated with the increased levels of c-Myc. From a mechanistic angle, we show that ectopically expressed HDAC7 localizes to the nucleus and interacts with the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor C (MEF2C) and the corepressors HDAC3 and SMRT. Accordingly, both the HDAC7–MEF2C interaction domain as well as its catalytic domain are involved in the reduced cell viability induced by HDAC7. We conclude that HDAC7 has a potent anti-oncogenic effect on specific B-cell malignancies, indicating that its deregulation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Barneda-Zahonero
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Collazo
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Azagra
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Fernández-Duran
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Serra-Musach
- Breast Cancer and Systems Biology Unit, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via s/n km 2.7, 08907 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A B M M K Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N Vega-García
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Malatesta
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Camós
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Gómez
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Román-González
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Vidal
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - N López-Bigas
- 1] Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain [2] Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Villanueva
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Esteller
- 1] Cancer Epigenetics Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain [2] Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain [3] Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Parra
- Cellular Differentiation Group, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research institute (IDIBELL), Avenida Gran Via 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mathias RA, Guise AJ, Cristea IM. Post-translational modifications regulate class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) function in health and disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:456-70. [PMID: 25616866 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o114.046565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs4, -5, -7, and -9) modulate the physiology of the human cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems. The regulatory capacity of this family of enzymes stems from their ability to shuttle between nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments in response to signal-driven post-translational modification. Here, we review the current knowledge of modifications that control spatial and temporal histone deacetylase functions by regulating subcellular localization, transcriptional functions, and cell cycle-dependent activity, ultimately impacting on human disease. We discuss the contribution of these modifications to cardiac and vascular hypertrophy, myoblast differentiation, neuronal cell survival, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rommel A Mathias
- From the ‡Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544; §Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - Amanda J Guise
- From the ‡Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- From the ‡Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544;
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lopez-Pastrana J, Shao Y, Chernaya V, Wang H, Yang XF. Epigenetic enzymes are the therapeutic targets for CD4(+)CD25(+/high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Transl Res 2015; 165:221-40. [PMID: 25193380 PMCID: PMC4259825 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+/high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of CD4(+) T cells that play an essential role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance. Several transcriptional cofactors have been recently identified, which form complexes with transcription factor Foxp3 of Treg cells and contribute in the suppressive function of Treg cells. However, Foxp3 is still defined as a "master" (multiple pathway) regulator gene that controls the development and stability of Treg cells. Because of its importance, the regulatory mechanisms underlying Foxp3 expression have been a focus of intensive investigation. Recent progress suggests that the epigenetic mechanisms responsible for regulating the Foxp3 gene expression are key components of suppressive activity of Treg cells. This review not only discusses the basic concepts of biology and epigenetic modifications of Treg cells, but also analyzes the translational clinical aspect of epigenetic modifications of Treg cells, focusing on several ongoing clinical trials and the Food and Drugs administration (FDA) approved epigenetic-based drugs. The new progress in identifying epigenetic enzymes functional in Treg cells is a new target for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, graft-vs-host disease and cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahaira Lopez-Pastrana
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Ying Shao
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Valeria Chernaya
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research and Cardiovascular Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Karam M, Bièche I, Legay C, Vacher S, Auclair C, Ricort JM. Protein kinase D1 regulates ERα-positive breast cancer cell growth response to 17β-estradiol and contributes to poor prognosis in patients. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:2536-52. [PMID: 25287328 PMCID: PMC4302658 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
About 70% of human breast cancers express and are dependent for growth on estrogen receptor α (ERα), and therefore are sensitive to antiestrogen therapies. However, progression to an advanced, more aggressive phenotype is associated with acquisition of resistance to antiestrogens and/or invasive potential. In this study, we highlight the role of the serine/threonine-protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in ERα-positive breast cancers. Growth of ERα-positive MCF-7 and MDA-MB-415 human breast cancer cells was assayed in adherent or anchorage-independent conditions in cells overexpressing or depleted for PKD1. PKD1 induces cell growth through both an ERα-dependent manner, by increasing ERα expression and cell sensitivity to 17β-estradiol, and an ERα-independent manner, by reducing cell dependence to estrogens and conferring partial resistance to antiestrogen ICI 182,780. PKD1 knockdown in MDA-MB-415 cells strongly reduced estrogen-dependent and independent invasion. Quantification of PKD1 mRNA levels in 38 cancerous and non-cancerous breast cell lines and in 152 ERα-positive breast tumours from patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen showed an association between PKD1 and ERα expression in 76.3% (29/38) of the breast cell lines tested and a strong correlation between PKD1 expression and invasiveness (P < 0.0001). In tamoxifen-treated patients, tumours with high PKD1 mRNA levels (n = 77, 50.66%) were significantly associated with less metastasis-free survival than tumours with low PKD1 mRNA expression (n = 75, 49.34%; P = 0.031). Moreover, PKD1 mRNA levels are strongly positively associated with EGFR and vimentin levels (P < 0.0000001). Thus, our study defines PKD1 as a novel attractive prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manale Karam
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Pharmacologie Appliquée, UMR 8113 CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Navarro MN, Goebel J, Hukelmann JL, Cantrell DA. Quantitative phosphoproteomics of cytotoxic T cells to reveal protein kinase d 2 regulated networks. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3544-57. [PMID: 25266776 PMCID: PMC4256504 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.037242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present study was to characterize the phosphoproteome of cytotoxic T cells and to explore the role of the serine threonine kinase PKD2 (Protein Kinase D2) in the phosphorylation networks of this key lymphocyte population. We used Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino acids in Culture (SILAC) combined with phosphopeptide enrichment and quantitative mass-spectrometry to determine the impact of PKD2 loss on the cytotoxic T cells phosphoproteome. We identified 15,871 phosphorylations on 3505 proteins in cytotoxic T cells. 450 phosphosites on 281 proteins were down-regulated and 300 phosphosites on 196 proteins were up-regulated in PKD2 null cytotoxic T cells. These data give valuable new insights about the protein phosphorylation networks operational in effector T cells and reveal that PKD2 regulates directly and indirectly about 5% of the cytotoxic T-cell phosphoproteome. PKD2 candidate substrates identified in this study include proteins involved in two distinct biological functions: regulation of protein sorting and intracellular vesicle trafficking, and control of chromatin structure, transcription, and translation. In other cell types, PKD substrates include class II histone deacetylases such as HDAC7 and actin regulatory proteins such as Slingshot. The current data show these are not PKD substrates in primary T cells revealing that the functional role of PKD isoforms is different in different cell lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María N Navarro
- From the ‡Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology. College of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, U.K
| | - Juergen Goebel
- From the ‡Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology. College of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, U.K
| | - Jens L Hukelmann
- From the ‡Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology. College of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, U.K
| | - Doreen A Cantrell
- From the ‡Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology. College of Life Sciences University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Asaithambi A, Ay M, Jin H, Gosh A, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) phosphorylation promotes dopaminergic neuronal survival during 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96947. [PMID: 24806360 PMCID: PMC4013052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major pathophysiological mediator of degenerative processes in many neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Aberrant cell signaling governed by protein phosphorylation has been linked to oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Although several studies have associated activation of certain protein kinases with apoptotic cell death in PD, very little is known about protein kinase regulation of cell survival and protection against oxidative damage and degeneration in dopaminergic neurons. Here, we characterized the PKD1-mediated protective pathway against oxidative damage in cell culture models of PD. Dopaminergic neurotoxicant 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) was used to induce oxidative stress in the N27 dopaminergic cell model and in primary mesencephalic neurons. Our results indicated that 6-OHDA induced the PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/S748) phosphorylation during early stages of oxidative stress and that PKD1 activation preceded cell death. We also found that 6-OHDA rapidly increased phosphorylation of the C-terminal S916 in PKD1, which is required for PKD1 activation loop (PKD1S744/748) phosphorylation. Interestingly, negative modulation of PKD1 activation by RNAi knockdown or by the pharmacological inhibition of PKD1 by kbNB-14270 augmented 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, while positive modulation of PKD1 by the overexpression of full length PKD1 (PKD1WT) or constitutively active PKD1 (PKD1S744E/S748E) attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, suggesting an anti-apoptotic role for PKD1 during oxidative neuronal injury. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PKD1 signaling plays a cell survival role during early stages of oxidative stress in dopaminergic neurons and therefore, positive modulation of the PKD1-mediated signal transduction pathway can provide a novel neuroprotective strategy against PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Asaithambi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Huajun Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anamitra Gosh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sinnett-Smith J, Ni Y, Wang J, Ming M, Young SH, Rozengurt E. Protein kinase D1 mediates class IIa histone deacetylase phosphorylation and nuclear extrusion in intestinal epithelial cells: role in mitogenic signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2014; 306:C961-71. [PMID: 24647541 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00048.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a role in mitogenic signaling mediated by protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in IEC-18 intestinal epithelial cells. Our results show that class IIa HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 are prominently expressed in these cells. Stimulation with ANG II, a potent mitogen for IEC-18 cells, induced a striking increase in phosphorylation of HDAC4 at Ser(246) and Ser(632), HDAC5 at Ser(259) and Ser(498), and HDAC7 at Ser(155). Treatment with the PKD family inhibitors kb NB 142-70 and CRT0066101 or small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of PKD1 prevented ANG II-induced phosphorylation of HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7. A variety of PKD1 activators in IEC-18 cells, including vasopressin, lysophosphatidic acid, and phorbol esters, also induced HDAC4, HDAC5, and HDAC7 phosphorylation. Using endogenously and ectopically expressed HDAC5, we show that PKD1-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC5 induces its nuclear extrusion into the cytoplasm. In contrast, HDAC5 with Ser(259) and Ser(498) mutated to Ala was localized to the nucleus in unstimulated and stimulated cells. Treatment of IEC-18 cells with specific inhibitors of class IIa HDACs, including MC1568 and TMP269, prevented cell cycle progression, DNA synthesis, and proliferation induced in response to G protein-coupled receptor/PKD1 activation. The PKD1-class IIa HDAC axis also functions in intestinal epithelial cells in vivo, since an increase in phosphorylation of HDAC4/5 and HDAC7 was demonstrated in lysates of crypt cells from PKD1 transgenic mice compared with matched nontransgenic littermates. Collectively, our results reveal a PKD1-class IIa HDAC axis in intestinal epithelial cells leading to mitogenic signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Sinnett-Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Yang Ni
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Ming Ming
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Steven H Young
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Enrique Rozengurt
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hwang IS, Woo SU, Park JW, Lee SK, Yim H. Two nuclear export signals of Cdc6 are differentially associated with CDK-mediated phosphorylation residues for cytoplasmic translocation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1843:223-33. [PMID: 24216307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cdc6 is cleaved at residues 442 and 290 by caspase-3 during apoptosis producing p49-tCdc6 and p32-tCdc6, respectively. While p32-tCdc6 is unable to translocate into the cytoplasm, p49-tCdc6 retains cytoplasmic translocation activity, but it has a lower efficiency than wild-type Cdc6. We hypothesized that a novel nuclear export signal (NES) sequence exists between amino acids 290 and 442. Cdc6 contains a novel NES in the region of amino acids 300-315 (NES2) that shares sequence similarity with NES1 at residues 462-476. In mutant versions of Cdc6, we replaced leucine with alanine in NES1 and NES2 and co-expressed the mutant constructs with cyclin A. We observed that the cytoplasmic translocation of these mutants was reduced in comparison to wild-type Cdc6. Moreover, the cytoplasmic translocation of a mutant in which all four leucine residues were mutated to alanine was significantly inhibited in comparison to the translocation of wild-type Cdc6. The Crm1 binding activities of Cdc6 NES mutants were consistent with the efficiency of its cytoplasmic translocation. Further studies have revealed that L468 and L470 of NES1 are required for cytoplasmic translocation of Cdc6 phosphorylated at S74, while L311 and L313 of NES2 accelerate the cytoplasmic translocation of Cdc6 phosphorylated at S54. These results suggest that the two NESs of Cdc6 work cooperatively and distinctly for the cytoplasmic translocation of Cdc6 phosphorylated at S74 and S54 by cyclin A/Cdk2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In Sun Hwang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Uk Woo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Park
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ki Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tao H, Shi KH, Yang JJ, Huang C, Zhan HY, Li J. Histone deacetylases in cardiac fibrosis: current perspectives for therapy. Cell Signal 2013; 26:521-7. [PMID: 24321371 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is an important pathological feature of cardiac remodeling in heart diseases. The molecular mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis are unknown. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that balance the acetylation activities of histone acetyltransferases on chromatin remodeling and play essential roles in regulating gene transcription. In recent years, the role of HDACs in cardiac fibrosis initiation and progression, as well as the therapeutic effects of HDAC inhibitors, has been well studied. Moreover, numerous studies indicated that HDAC activity is associated with the development and progression of cardiac fibrosis. In this review, the innovative aspects of HDACs are discussed, with respect to biogenesis, their role in cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, the potential applications of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis associated with fibroblast activation and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kai-Hu Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Department of Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hong-Ying Zhan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Cardiovascular Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Role of caspase-8 in thymus function. Cell Death Differ 2013; 21:226-33. [PMID: 24270406 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The thymus is the primary organ responsible for de novo generation of immunocompetent T cells that have a diverse repertoire of antigen recognition. During the developmental process, 98% of thymocytes die by apoptosis. Thus apoptosis is a dominant process in the thymus and occurs through either death by neglect or negative selection or through induction by stress/aging. Caspase activation is an essential part of the general apoptosis mechanism, and data suggest that caspases may have a role in negative selection; however, it seems more probable that caspase-8 activation is involved in death by neglect, particularly in glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis. Caspase-8 is active in double-positive (DP) thymocytes in vivo and can be activated in vitro in DP thymocytes by T-cell receptor (TCR) crosslinking to induce apoptosis. Caspase-8 is a proapoptotic member of the caspase family and is considered an initiator caspase, which is activated upon stimulation of a death receptor (e.g., Fas), recruitment of the adaptor molecule FADD, and recruitment and subsequent processing of procaspase-8. The main role of caspase-8 seems to be pro-apoptotic and, in this review, we will discuss about the involvement of caspase-8 in (1) TCR-triggered thymic apoptosis; (2) death receptor-mediated thymic apoptosis; and (3) glucocorticoid-induced thymic apoptosis. Regarding TCR triggering, caspase-8 is active in medullary, semi-mature heat-stable antigen(hi) (HAS(hi) SP) thymocytes as a consequence of strong TCR stimulation. The death receptors Fas, FADD, and FLIP are involved upstream of caspase-8 activation in apoptosis; whereas, Bid and HDAC7 are involved downstream of caspase-8. Finally, caspase-8 is involved in glucocortocoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis through an activation loop with the protein GILZ. GILZ activates caspase-8, promoting GILZ sumoylation and its protection from proteasomal degradation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are known to be essential mechanisms used by eukaryotic cells to diversify their protein functions and dynamically coordinate their signaling networks. Defects in PTMs have been linked to numerous developmental disorders and human diseases, highlighting the importance of PTMs in maintaining normal cellular states. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into a variety of functional somatic cells; these cells hold a great promise for the advancement of biomedical research and clinical therapy. The mechanisms underlying cellular pluripotency in human cells have been extensively explored in the past decade. In addition to the vast amount of knowledge obtained from the genetic and transcriptional research in hPSCs, there is a rapidly growing interest in the stem cell biology field to examine pluripotency at the protein and PTM level. This review addresses recent progress toward understanding the role of PTMs (glycosylation, phosphorylation, acetylation and methylation) in the regulation of cellular pluripotency.
Collapse
|
42
|
Interrogating translational efficiency and lineage-specific transcriptomes using ribosome affinity purification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15395-400. [PMID: 24003143 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1304124110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling is a useful strategy to study development and disease. Approaches to isolate RNA from specific cell types, or from specific cellular compartments, would extend the power of this strategy. Previous work has shown that isolation of genetically tagged ribosomes (translating ribosome affinity purification; TRAP) is an effective means to isolate ribosome-bound RNA selectively from transgene-expressing cells. However, widespread application of this technology has been limited by available transgenic mouse lines. Here we characterize a TRAP allele (Rosa26(fsTRAP)) that makes this approach more widely accessible. We show that endothelium-specific activation of Rosa26(fsTRAP) identifies endothelial cell-enriched transcripts, and that cardiomyocyte-restricted TRAP is a useful means to identify genes that are differentially expressed in cardiomyocytes in a disease model. Furthermore, we show that TRAP is an effective means for studying translational regulation, and that several nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes are under strong translational control. Our analysis of ribosome-bound transcripts also shows that a subset of long intergenic noncoding RNAs are weakly ribosome-bound, but that the majority of noncoding RNAs, including most long intergenic noncoding RNAs, are ribosome-bound to the same extent as coding transcripts. Together, these data show that the TRAP strategy and the Rosa26(fsTRAP) allele will be useful tools to probe cell type-specific transcriptomes, study translational regulation, and probe ribosome binding of noncoding RNAs.
Collapse
|
43
|
Shakespear MR, Hohenhaus DM, Kelly GM, Kamal NA, Gupta P, Labzin LI, Schroder K, Garceau V, Barbero S, Iyer A, Hume DA, Reid RC, Irvine KM, Fairlie DP, Sweet MJ. Histone deacetylase 7 promotes Toll-like receptor 4-dependent proinflammatory gene expression in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25362-25374. [PMID: 23853092 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.496281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad-spectrum inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) constrain Toll-like receptor (TLR)-inducible production of key proinflammatory mediators. Here we investigated HDAC-dependent inflammatory responses in mouse macrophages. Of the classical Hdacs, Hdac7 was expressed at elevated levels in inflammatory macrophages (thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages) as compared with bone marrow-derived macrophages and the RAW264 cell line. Overexpression of a specific, alternatively spliced isoform of Hdac7 lacking the N-terminal 22 amino acids (Hdac7-u), but not the Refseq Hdac7 (Hdac7-s), promoted LPS-inducible expression of Hdac-dependent genes (Edn1, Il-12p40, and Il-6) in RAW264 cells. A novel class IIa-selective HDAC inhibitor reduced recombinant human HDAC7 enzyme activity as well as TLR-induced production of inflammatory mediators in thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages. Both LPS and Hdac7-u up-regulated the activity of the Edn1 promoter in an HDAC-dependent fashion in RAW264 cells. A hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1 binding site in this promoter was required for HDAC-dependent TLR-inducible promoter activity and for Hdac7- and HIF-1α-mediated trans-activation. Coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that both Hdac7-u and Hdac7-s interacted with HIF-1α, whereas only Hdac7-s interacted with the transcriptional repressor CtBP1. Thus, Hdac7-u positively regulates HIF-1α-dependent TLR signaling in macrophages, whereas an interaction with CtBP1 likely prevents Hdac7-s from exerting this effect. Hdac7 may represent a potential inflammatory disease target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Shakespear
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Daniel M Hohenhaus
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Greg M Kelly
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Nabilah A Kamal
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Praveer Gupta
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Larisa I Labzin
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Kate Schroder
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Valerie Garceau
- the Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9PS Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Barbero
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Abishek Iyer
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - David A Hume
- the Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Roslin EH25 9PS Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Robert C Reid
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - David P Fairlie
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and
| | - Matthew J Sweet
- From the Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia and.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Barneda-Zahonero B, Román-González L, Collazo O, Rafati H, Islam ABMMK, Bussmann LH, di Tullio A, De Andres L, Graf T, López-Bigas N, Mahmoudi T, Parra M. HDAC7 is a repressor of myeloid genes whose downregulation is required for transdifferentiation of pre-B cells into macrophages. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003503. [PMID: 23696748 PMCID: PMC3656156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphopoiesis is the result of several cell-commitment, lineage-choice, and differentiation processes. Every differentiation step is characterized by the activation of a new, lineage-specific, genetic program and the extinction of the previous one. To date, the central role of specific transcription factors in positively regulating these distinct differentiation processes to acquire a B cell–specific genetic program is well established. However, the existence of specific transcriptional repressors responsible for the silencing of lineage inappropriate genes remains elusive. Here we addressed the molecular mechanism behind repression of non-lymphoid genes in B cells. We report that the histone deacetylase HDAC7 was highly expressed in pre-B cells but dramatically down-regulated during cellular lineage conversion to macrophages. Microarray analysis demonstrated that HDAC7 re-expression interfered with the acquisition of the gene transcriptional program characteristic of macrophages during cell transdifferentiation; the presence of HDAC7 blocked the induction of key genes for macrophage function, such as immune, inflammatory, and defense response, cellular response to infections, positive regulation of cytokines production, and phagocytosis. Moreover, re-introduction of HDAC7 suppressed crucial functions of macrophages, such as the ability to phagocytose bacteria and to respond to endotoxin by expressing major pro-inflammatory cytokines. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms mediating HDAC7 repression in pre-B cells, we undertook co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation experimental approaches. We found that HDAC7 specifically interacted with the transcription factor MEF2C in pre-B cells and was recruited to MEF2 binding sites located at the promoters of genes critical for macrophage function. Thus, in B cells HDAC7 is a transcriptional repressor of undesirable genes. Our findings uncover a novel role for HDAC7 in maintaining the identity of a particular cell type by silencing lineage-inappropriate genes. Through the hematopoietic system, all the distinct mature blood cell types are generated, thereby constituting one of the best-studied paradigms for cell lineage commitment and differentiation in biology. B lymphocytes are generated through several cell-commitment, lineage-choice, and differentiation processes. To date, the central role of lineage-specific transcription factors in positively regulating these distinct developmental steps is well established. However, in the absence of proper transcriptional repression, an “adolescent cell” will never be able to reach its “adulthood identity,” having a potential impact in the development of hematological malignancies. In this article, we examined the molecular mechanism responsible for the gene silencing of lineage undesirable genes in B cell precursors and uncovered the role played in this process by the histone deacetylase HDAC7. We show that HDAC7 is expressed in B cell precursors where it interacts with the transcription factor MEF2C and is recruited to the promoters of non-B cell genes. While HDAC7 is down-regulated during the lineage conversion of pre-B cells into macrophages, re-expression of HDAC7 interferes with both the acquisition of the myeloid gene transcriptional program and macrophage-specific cell functions. We therefore have identified a novel lineage-specific transcriptional repressor in the hematopoietic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Barneda-Zahonero
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Román-González
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Collazo
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Haleh Rafati
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abul B. M. M. K. Islam
- Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Graf
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria López-Bigas
- Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tokameh Mahmoudi
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maribel Parra
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mansky KC, Jensen ED, Davidova J, Yamamoto M, Gopalakrishnan R. Protein kinase D promotes in vitro osteoclast differentiation and fusion. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9826-9834. [PMID: 23430742 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.444133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although PKD is broadly expressed and involved in numerous cellular processes, its function in osteoclasts has not been previously reported. In this study, we found that PKD2 is the main PKD isoform expressed in osteoclastic cells. PKD phosphorylation, indicative of the activated state, increased after 2-3 days of treatment of bone marrow macrophages with M-CSF and RANKL, corresponding to the onset of preosteoclast fusion. RNAi against PKD2 and treatment with the PKD inhibitor CID755673 showed that PKD activity is dispensable for induction of bone marrow macrophages into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive preosteoclasts in culture but is required for the transition from mononucleated preosteoclasts to multinucleated osteoclasts. Loss of PKD activity reduced expression of DC-STAMP in RANKL-stimulated cultures. Overexpression of DC-STAMP was sufficient to rescue treatment with CID755673 and restore fusion into multinucleated osteoclasts. From these data, we conclude that PKD activity promotes differentiation of osteoclast progenitors through increased expression of DC-STAMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim C Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Eric D Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.
| | - Julia Davidova
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ellwanger K, Hausser A. Physiological functions of protein kinase D in vivo. IUBMB Life 2013; 65:98-107. [PMID: 23288632 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The cellular functions of the serine/threonine protein kinase D (PKD) have been extensively studied within the last decade and distinct roles such as fission of vesicles at the Golgi compartment, coordination of cell migration and invasion, and regulation of gene transcription have been correlated with this kinase family. Here, we highlight the current state of in vivo studies on PKD function with a focus on animal models and discuss the molecular basis of the observed phenotypic characteristics associated with this kinase family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Ellwanger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Irie A, Harada K, Araki N, Nishimura Y. Phosphorylation of SET protein at Ser171 by protein kinase D2 diminishes its inhibitory effect on protein phosphatase 2A. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51242. [PMID: 23251465 PMCID: PMC3522678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that protein kinase D2 (PKD2) in T cells is promptly activated after T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and involved in the activation of interleukin-2 promoter and T cell death, and that one of its candidate substrate is SET protein, a natural inhibitor for protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). In this study, we investigated the target amino acid residues of SET phosphorylated by PKD2 and the effects of phosphorylation of SET on PP2A phosphatase activity. In vitro kinase assay using various recombinant SET mutants having Ser/Thr to Ala substitutions revealed that Ser171 of SET is one of the sites phosphorylated by PKD2. Recombinant SET with phosphorylation-mimic Ser171 to Glu substitution reduced its inhibitory effects on PP2A phosphatase activity compared with Ser171 to Ala substituted or wild-type SET. In addition, knockdown of PKD2 in Jurkat cells by RNAi or treatment of human CD4(+) T cell clone with the PKD2 inhibitor Gö6976 resulted in reduced PP2A activity after TCR-stimulation judged from phosphorylation status of Tyr307 of the catalytic subunit of PP2A. These results suggest that PKD2 is involved in the regulation of PP2A activity in activated T cells through phosphorylation of Ser171 of SET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Irie
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kumiko Harada
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Norie Araki
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nishimura
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Protein kinase D2 has a restricted but critical role in T-cell antigen receptor signalling in mature T-cells. Biochem J 2012; 442:649-59. [PMID: 22233340 PMCID: PMC3462612 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PKD (protein kinase D) 2 is a serine/threonine kinase activated by diacylglycerol in response to engagement of antigen receptors in lymphocytes. To explore PKD2 regulation and function in TCR (T-cell antigen receptor) signal transduction we expressed TCR complexes with fixed affinity for self antigens in the T-cells of PKD2-null mice or mice deficient in PKD2 catalytic activity. We also developed a single cell assay to quantify PKD2 activation as T-cells respond to developmental stimuli or engagement of α/β TCR complexes in vivo. Strikingly, PKD2 loss caused increases in thymic output, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly in TCR transgenic mice. The precise magnitude and timing of PKD2 activation during T-cell development is thus critical to regulate thymic homoeostasis. PKD2-null T-cells that exit the thymus have a normal transcriptome, but show a limited and abnormal transcriptional response to antigen. Transcriptional profiling reveals the full consequences of PKD2 loss and maps in detail the selective, but critical, function for PKD2 in signalling by α/β mature TCR complexes in peripheral T-cells.
Collapse
|
49
|
To M, Yamamura S, Akashi K, Charron CE, Haruki K, Barnes PJ, Ito K. Defect of adaptation to hypoxia in patients with COPD due to reduction of histone deacetylase 7. Chest 2012; 141:1233-1242. [PMID: 22172637 PMCID: PMC3342783 DOI: 10.1378/chest.11-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 plays an important role in cellular adaptation to hypoxia by activating oxygen-regulated genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin. Sputum VEGF levels are reported to be decreased in COPD, despite hypoxia. Here we show that patients with COPD fail to induce HIF-1α and VEGF under hypoxic condition because of a reduction in histone deacetylase (HDAC) 7. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from patients with moderate to severe COPD (n = 21), smokers without COPD (n = 12), and nonsmokers (n = 15). PBMCs were exposed to hypoxia (1% oxygen, 5% CO(2), and 94% N(2)) for 24 h, and HIF-1α and HDAC7 protein expression in nuclear extracts were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)/Western blotting. RESULTS HIF-1α was significantly induced by hypoxia in each group when compared with the normoxic condition (12-fold induction in nonsmokers, 24-fold induction in smokers without COPD, fourfold induction in COPD), but induction of HIF-1α under hypoxia was significantly lower in patients with COPD than in nonsmokers and smokers without COPD (P < .05 and P < .01, respectively). VEGF messenger RNA detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was correlated with HIF-1α protein in nuclei (r = 0.79, P < .05), and HDAC7 protein expression was correlated with HIF-1α protein in nuclei (r = 0.46, P < .05). HDAC7 knockdown inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1α activity in U937 cells, and HIF-1α nuclear translocation and HIF-1α binding to the VEGF promoter in A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS HDAC7 reduction in COPD causes a defect of HIF-1α induction response to hypoxia with impaired VEGF gene expression. This poor cellular adaptation might play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masako To
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya-City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamura
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Kenichi Akashi
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Catherine E Charron
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Kosuke Haruki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Koshigaya-City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Kazuhiro Ito
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Alinsug MV, Chen FF, Luo M, Tai R, Jiang L, Wu K. Subcellular localization of class II HDAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HDA15 is driven by light. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30846. [PMID: 22363501 PMCID: PMC3281883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Class II histone deacetylases in humans and other model organisms undergo nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. This unique functional regulatory mechanism has been well elucidated in eukaryotic organisms except in plant systems. In this study, we have paved the baseline evidence for the cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of Class II HDAs as well as their mRNA expression patterns. RT-PCR analysis on the different vegetative parts and developmental stages reveal that Class II HDAs are ubiquitously expressed in all tissues with minimal developmental specificity. Moreover, stable and transient expression assays using HDA-YFP/GFP fusion constructs indicate cytoplasmic localization of HDA5, HDA8, and HDA14 further suggesting their potential for nuclear transport and deacetylating organellar and cytoplasmic proteins. Organelle markers and stains confirm HDA14 to abound in the mitochondria and chloroplasts while HDA5 localizes in the ER. HDA15, on the other hand, shuttles in and out of the nucleus upon light exposure. In the absence of light, it is exported out of the nucleus where further re-exposition to light treatments signals its nuclear import. Unlike HDA5 which binds with 14-3-3 proteins, HDA15 fails to interact with these chaperones. Instead, HDA15 relies on its own nuclear localization and export signals to navigate its subcellular compartmentalization classifying it as a Class IIb HDA. Our study indicates that nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is indeed a hallmark for all eukaryotic Class II histone deacetylases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malona V. Alinsug
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang Fang Chen
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming Luo
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ready Tai
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keqiang Wu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|