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Miya V, Kumar C, Breed AA, Idicula-Thomas S, Pathak BR. Mammalian cysteine-rich secretory proteins interact with plasma membrane Ca 2+ exporter PMCA4b. Andrology 2024; 12:1096-1110. [PMID: 37882330 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) are predominantly expressed in the male reproductive tract. Knockout mice lacking two or more CRISPs show defects in sperm transport, sperm-egg interaction and Ca2+ homeostasis. CRISPs play redundant and specific roles via their binding partners. To understand this, a comprehensive analysis of CRISP interactome needs to be undertaken. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse CRISP4 binding partners on the plasma membrane of rat caudal spermatozoa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total proteins from rat caudal spermatozoa were subjected to immunoprecipitation using anti-CRISP4 antibody followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry analysis. Plasma membrane localised proteins were shortlisted, and a key target was validated by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localisation. Co-transfection followed by co-immunoprecipitation was carried out for studying the interaction of full-length as well as deletion mutants of CRISPs with human plasma membrane calcium ATPase, isoform b (hPMCA4b). Calcium assays were performed using Fura-2-AM. The cholesterol binding ability of different CRISPs was evaluated in silico. RESULTS The membrane-specific interactome of rat CRISP4 (rCRISP4) from caudal spermatozoa revealed PMCA4b as a novel binding partner, and their interaction was validated in rat spermatozoa. Human CRISP1 (hCRISP1) and hCRISP3 also interacted with PMCA4b via the N-terminal domain. Interestingly, hCRISP1 and rCRISP4 delayed PMCA4b-mediated calcium extrusion but hCRISP3 did not. In silico analysis demonstrated that hCRISP1 and rCRISP4 have higher binding affinity towards cholesterol than hCRISP3. The secretion profile of different CRISPs also showed that the ratio of secreted to cell-associated proteins was highest for hCRISP3. CONCLUSION Our study identifies PMCA4b as a target of multiple mammalian CRISPs and unravels a new role of CRISPs in regulating calcium homeostasis. Differences in the interaction of different CRISPs with cholesterol may regulate their enrichment in the lipid rafts and redistribution in the membrane post-capacitation, thereby affecting their interaction with PMCA4b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Miya
- Division of Cellular and Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Ananya A Breed
- Division of Cellular and Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhakti R Pathak
- Division of Cellular and Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
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Hosseini E, Amirjannati N, Henkel R, Bazrafkan M, Moghadasfar H, Gilany K. Targeted Amino Acids Profiling of Human Seminal Plasma from Teratozoospermia Patients Using LC-MS/MS. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3285-3295. [PMID: 37264261 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the metabolome of human seminal plasma (HSP) is a new research area to screen putative biomarkers of infertility. This case-control study was performed on HSP specimens of 15 infertile patients with teratozoospermia (defined as normal sperm morphology < 4%) and 12 confirmed fertile normozoospermic men as the control group to investigate the seminal metabolic signature and whether there are differences in the metabolome between two groups. HSPs were subjected to LC-MS-MS analysis. MetaboAnalyst5.0 software was utilized for statistical analysis. Different univariate and multivariate analyses were used, including T-tests, fold change analysis, random forest (RF), and metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA). Teratozoospermic samples contained seventeen significantly different amino acids. Upregulated metabolites include glutamine, asparagine, and glycylproline, whereas downregulated metabolites include cysteine, γ-aminobutyric acid, histidine, hydroxylysine, hydroxyproline, glycine, proline, methionine, ornithine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, argininosuccinic acid, α-aminoadipic acid, and β-aminoisobutyric acid. RF algorithm defined a set of 15 metabolites that constitute the significant features of teratozoospermia. In particular, increased glutamine, asparagine, and decreased cysteine, tryptophan, glycine, and valine were strong predictors of teratozoospemia. The most affected metabolic pathways in teratozoospermic men are the aminoacyl-tRNA, arginine, valine-leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. Altered metabolites detected in teratozoospermia were responsible for various roles in sperm functions that classified into four subgroups as follows: related metabolites to antioxidant function, energy production, sperm function, and spermatogenesis. The altered amino acid metabolome identified in this study may be related to the etiology of teratozoospermia, and may provide novel insight into potential biomarkers of male infertility for therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hosseini
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mousavi Hospital, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Naser Amirjannati
- Department of Andrology and Embryology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- LogixX Pharma, Theale, Berkshire, UK
| | - Mahshid Bazrafkan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Moghadasfar
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang M, Chiozzi RZ, Bromfield EG, Heck AJR, Helms JB, Gadella BM. Characterization of acrosin and acrosin binding protein as novel CRISP2 interacting proteins in boar spermatozoa. Andrology 2023; 11:1460-1471. [PMID: 36815564 PMCID: PMC10947329 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we reported that cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 is involved in high molecular weight complexes in boar spermatozoa. These cysteine-rich secretory protein 2protein complexes are formed at the last phase of sperm formation in the testis and play a role in sperm shaping and functioning. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 interacting partners. These binding partner interactions were investigated under different conditions, namely, non-capacitating conditions, after the induction of in vitro sperm capacitation and subsequently during an ionophore A23187-induced acrosome reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The incubated pig sperm samples were subjected to protein extraction. Extracted proteins were subjected to blue native gel electrophoresis and native immunoblots. Immunoreactive gel bands were excised and subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis for protein identification. Protein extracts were also subjected to CRISP2 immunoprecipitation and analyzed by LC-MS for protein identification. The most prominent cystein-rich secretory protein 2 interacting proteins that appeared in both independent LC-MS analyses were studied with a functional in situ proximity interaction assay to validate their property to interact with cystein-rich secretory protein 2 in pig sperm. RESULTS Blue native gel electrophoresis and native immunoblots revealed that cystein-rich secretory protein 2 was present within a ∼150 kDa protein complex under all three conditions. Interrogation of cystein-rich secretory-protein 2-immunoreactive bands from blue native gels as well as cystein-rich secretory protein 2 immunoprecipitated products using mass spectrometry consistently revealed that, beyond cystein-rich secretory protein 2, acrosin and acrosin binding protein were among the most abundant interacting proteins and did interact under all three conditions. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting indicated that cystein-rich secretory protein 2 interacted with pro-acrosin (∼53 kDa) and Aacrosin binding protein under all three conditions and additionally to acrosin (∼35 kDa) after capacitation and the acrosome reaction. The colocalization of these interacting proteins with cystein-rich secretory protein 2 was assessed via in situ proximity ligation assays. The colocalization signal of cystein-rich secretory protein 2 and acrosin in the acrosome seemed dispersed after capacitation but was consistently present in the sperm tail under all conditions. The fluorescent foci of cystein-rich secretory protein 2 and acrsin binding protein colocalization appeared to be redistributed within the sperm head from the anterior acrosome to the post-acrosomal sheath region upon capacitation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results suggest that CRISP2 may act as a scaffold for protein complex formation and dissociation to ensure the correct positioning of proteins required for the acrosome reaction and zona pellucida penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Zenezini Chiozzi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and ProteomicsBijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics CentreUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive ScienceSchool of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Albert JR Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and ProteomicsBijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics CentreUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - J Bernd Helms
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Bart M Gadella
- Department of Biomolecular Health SciencesFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Maizels RM, Newfeld SJ. Convergent Evolution in a Murine Intestinal Parasite Rapidly Created the TGM Family of Molecular Mimics to Suppress the Host Immune Response. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad158. [PMID: 37625791 PMCID: PMC10516467 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Transforming Growth Factor-β mimic (TGM) multigene family was recently discovered in the murine intestinal parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus. This family was shaped by an atypical set of organismal and molecular evolutionary mechanisms along its path through the adaptive landscape. The relevant mechanisms are mimicry, convergence, exon modularity, new gene origination, and gene family neofunctionalization. We begin this review with a description of the TGM family and then address two evolutionary questions: "Why were TGM proteins needed for parasite survival" and "when did the TGM family originate"? For the former, we provide a likely answer, and for the latter, we identify multiple TGM building blocks in the ruminant intestinal parasite Haemonchus contortus. We close by identifying avenues for future investigation: new biochemical data to assign functions to more family members as well as new sequenced genomes in the Trichostrongyloidea superfamily and the Heligmosomoides genus to clarify TGM origins and expansion. Continued study of TGM proteins will generate increased knowledge of Transforming Growth Factor-β signaling, host-parasite interactions, and metazoan evolutionary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick M Maizels
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Newfeld
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Alomran N, Blundell P, Alsolaiss J, Crittenden E, Ainsworth S, Dawson CA, Edge RJ, Hall SR, Harrison RA, Wilkinson MC, Menzies SK, Casewell NR. Exploring the Utility of Recombinant Snake Venom Serine Protease Toxins as Immunogens for Generating Experimental Snakebite Antivenoms. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:443. [PMID: 35878181 PMCID: PMC9319908 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that causes high rates of global mortality and morbidity. Although snakebite can cause a variety of pathologies in victims, haemotoxic effects are particularly common and are typically characterised by haemorrhage and/or venom-induced consumption coagulopathy. Despite polyclonal antibody-based antivenoms being the mainstay life-saving therapy for snakebite, they are associated with limited cross-snake species efficacy, as there is often extensive toxin variation between snake venoms, including those used as immunogens for antivenom production. This restricts the therapeutic utility of any antivenom to certain geographical regions. In this study, we explored the feasibility of using recombinantly expressed toxins as immunogens to stimulate focused, pathology-specific, antibodies in order to broadly counteract specific toxins associated with snakebite envenoming. Three snake venom serine proteases (SVSP) toxins, sourced from geographically diverse and medically important viper snake venoms, were successfully expressed in HEK293F mammalian cells and used for murine immunisation. Analyses of the resulting antibody responses revealed that ancrod and RVV-V stimulated the strongest immune responses, and that experimental antivenoms directed against these recombinant SVSP toxins, and a mixture of the three different immunogens, extensively recognised and exhibited immunological binding towards a variety of native snake venoms. While the experimental antivenoms showed some reduction in abnormal clotting parameters stimulated by the toxin immunogens and crude venom, specifically reducing the depletion of fibrinogen levels and prolongation of prothrombin times, fibrinogen degradation experiments revealed that they broadly protected against venom- and toxin-induced fibrinogenolytic functional activities. Overall, our findings further strengthen the case for the use of recombinant venom toxins as supplemental immunogens to stimulate focused and desirable antibody responses capable of neutralising venom-induced pathological effects, and therefore potentially circumventing some of the limitations associated with current snakebite therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrin Alomran
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Patricia Blundell
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Jaffer Alsolaiss
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Edouard Crittenden
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Stuart Ainsworth
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Charlotte A. Dawson
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Rebecca J. Edge
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Steven R. Hall
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Robert A. Harrison
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
- Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
| | - Mark C. Wilkinson
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Stefanie K. Menzies
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Nicholas R. Casewell
- Centre for Snakebite Research & Interventions, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (N.A.); (J.A.); (E.C.); (S.A.); (C.A.D.); (R.J.E.); (S.R.H.); (R.A.H.); (M.C.W.); (S.K.M.)
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
- Centre for Drugs and Diagnostics, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
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Proteomic Analysis of Intracellular and Membrane-Associated Fractions of Canine (Canis lupus familiaris) Epididymal Spermatozoa and Sperm Structure Separation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060772. [PMID: 35327169 PMCID: PMC8944539 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epididymal spermatozoa have great potential in current dog reproductive technologies. In the case of azoospermia or when the male dies, the recovery of epididymal spermatozoa opens new possibilities for reproduction. It is of great importance to analyze the quality of the sperm in such cases. Proteomic studies contribute to explaining the role of proteins at various stages of epididymal sperm maturation and offer potential opportunities to use them as markers of sperm quality. The present study showed, for the first time, mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analysis of intracellular and membrane-associated proteins of canine epididymal spermatozoa. Additionally, sonication was used for the separation of dog epididymal sperm morphological elements (heads, tails and acrosomes). The results revealed the presence of differentially abundant proteins in both sperm protein fractions significant for sperm function and fertilizing ability. It was also shown that these proteins participate in important sperm metabolic pathways, which may suggest their potential as sperm quality biomarkers. Abstract This study was provided for proteomic analysis of intracellular and membrane-associated fractions of canine (Canis lupus familiaris) epididymal spermatozoa and additionally to find optimal sonication parameters for the epididymal sperm morphological structure separation and sperm protein isolation. Sperm samples were collected from 15 dogs. Sperm protein fractions: intracellular (SIPs) and membrane-associated (SMAPs) were isolated. After sonication, sperm morphology was evaluated using Spermac Stain™. The sperm protein fractions were analyzed using gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and nanoliquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (NanoLC-Q-TOF/MS). UniProt database-supported identification resulted in 42 proteins identified in the SIPs and 153 proteins in the SMAPs. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were found in SIPs and SMAPs. Based on a gene ontology analysis, the dominant molecular functions of SIPs were catalytic activity (50%) and binding (28%). Hydrolase activity (33%) and transferase activity (21%) functions were dominant for SMAPs. Bioinformatic analysis of SIPs and SMAPs showed their participation in important metabolic pathways in epididymal sperm, which may suggest their potential as sperm quality biomarkers. The use of sonication 150 W, 10 min, may be recommended for the separation of dog epididymal sperm heads, tails, acrosomes and the protein isolation.
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Plasmodium falciparum Cysteine Rich Secretory Protein uniquely localizes to one end of male gametes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2022; 248:111447. [PMID: 34998927 PMCID: PMC8904303 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2022.111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fertilization is a central event during the life cycle of most eukaryotic organisms and involves gamete recognition and fusion, ultimately resulting in zygote formation. Gamete fertilization in the malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites occurs inside the mosquito midgut and represents a major bottleneck in the life cycle. Cysteine Rich Secretory Proteins (CRISPs) are key molecules involved in fertilization in vertebrates and the presence of a CRISP ortholog in human malaria infective Plasmodium falciparum suggested a possible role in fertilization. Strikingly, P. falciparum CRISP exhibited a unique terminal localization in the male microgamete. Parasites with a CRISP gene deletion (P. falciparum crisp-) proliferated asexually similar to wildtype NF54 parasites and differentiated into gametocytes. Further analysis showed that Plasmodium falciparum crisp- gametocytes underwent exflagellation to form male gametes and no apparent defect in transmission to the mosquito vector was observed. These data show that P. falciparum CRISP is a marker for the apical end of the microgamete and that it might only have an ancillary or redundant function in the male sexual stages.
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El Atab O, Ekim Kocabey A, Asojo OA, Schneiter R. Prostate secretory protein 94 (PSP94) inhibits sterol-binding and export by the mammalian CAP protein CRISP2 in a calcium-sensitive manner. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101600. [PMID: 35063506 PMCID: PMC8857485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the CAP protein superfamily are present in all kingdoms of life and have been implicated in many different processes, including pathogen defense, immune evasion, sperm maturation, and cancer progression. Most CAP proteins are secreted glycoproteins and share a unique conserved αβα sandwich fold. The precise mode of action of this class of proteins, however, has remained elusive. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has three CAP family members, termed pathogen related in yeast (Pry). We have previously shown that Pry1 and Pry2 export sterols in vivo and that they bind sterols in vitro. This sterol binding and export function of yeast Pry proteins is conserved in the mammalian CRISP proteins and other CAP superfamily members. CRISP3 is an abundant protein of the human seminal plasma and interacts with prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94), another major protein component in the seminal plasma. Here we examine whether the interaction between CRISP proteins and PSP94 affects the sterol binding function of CAP family members. We show that coexpression of PSP94 with CAP proteins in yeast abolished their sterol export function and the interaction between PSP94 and CAP proteins inhibits sterol binding in vitro. In addition, mutations that affect the formation of the PSP94–CRISP2 heteromeric complex restore sterol binding. Of interest, we found the interaction of PSP94 with CRISP2 is sensitive to high calcium concentrations. The observation that PSP94 modulates the sterol binding function of CRISP2 in a calcium-dependent manner has potential implications for the role of PSP94 and CRISP2 in prostate physiology and progression of prostate cancer.
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Gonzalez SN, Sulzyk V, Weigel Muñoz M, Cuasnicu PS. Cysteine-Rich Secretory Proteins (CRISP) are Key Players in Mammalian Fertilization and Fertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:800351. [PMID: 34970552 PMCID: PMC8712725 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.800351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian fertilization is a complex process involving a series of successive sperm-egg interaction steps mediated by different molecules and mechanisms. Studies carried out during the past 30 years, using a group of proteins named CRISP (Cysteine-RIch Secretory Proteins), have significantly contributed to elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying mammalian gamete interaction. The CRISP family is composed of four members (i.e., CRISP1-4) in mammals, mainly expressed in the male tract, present in spermatozoa and exhibiting Ca2+ channel regulatory abilities. Biochemical, molecular and genetic approaches show that each CRISP protein participates in more than one stage of gamete interaction (i.e., cumulus penetration, sperm-ZP binding, ZP penetration, gamete fusion) by either ligand-receptor interactions or the regulation of several capacitation-associated events (i.e., protein tyrosine phosphorylation, acrosome reaction, hyperactivation, etc.) likely through their ability to regulate different sperm ion channels. Moreover, deletion of different numbers and combination of Crisp genes leading to the generation of single, double, triple and quadruple knockout mice showed that CRISP proteins are essential for male fertility and are involved not only in gamete interaction but also in previous and subsequent steps such as sperm transport within the female tract and early embryo development. Collectively, these observations reveal that CRISP have evolved to perform redundant as well as specialized functions and are organized in functional modules within the family that work through independent pathways and contribute distinctly to fertility success. Redundancy and compensation mechanisms within protein families are particularly important for spermatozoa which are transcriptionally and translationally inactive cells carrying numerous protein families, emphasizing the importance of generating multiple knockout models to unmask the true functional relevance of family proteins. Considering the high sequence and functional homology between rodent and human CRISP proteins, these observations will contribute to a better understanding and diagnosis of human infertility as well as the development of new contraceptive options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Patricia S. Cuasnicu
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Heterogeneity of Early Host Response to Infection with Four Low-Pathogenic H7 Viruses with a Different Evolutionary History in the Field. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112323. [PMID: 34835129 PMCID: PMC8620788 DOI: 10.3390/v13112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Once low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) of the H5 and H7 subtypes from wild birds enter into poultry species, there is the possibility of them mutating into highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), resulting in severe epizootics with up to 100% mortality. This mutation from a LPAIV to HPAIV strain is the main cause of an AIV’s major economic impact on poultry production. Although AIVs are inextricably linked to their hosts in their evolutionary history, the contribution of host-related factors in the emergence of HPAI viruses has only been marginally explored so far. In this study, transcriptomic sequencing of tracheal tissue from chickens infected with four distinct LP H7 viruses, characterized by a different history of pathogenicity evolution in the field, was implemented. Despite the inoculation of a normalized infectious dose of viruses belonging to the same subtype (H7) and pathotype (LPAI), the use of animals of the same age, sex and species as well as the identification of a comparable viral load in the target samples, the analyses revealed a heterogeneity in the gene expression profile in response to infection with each of the H7 viruses administered.
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Gaikwad AS, Nandagiri A, Potter DL, Nosrati R, O'Connor AE, Jadhav S, Soria J, Prabhakar R, O'Bryan MK. CRISPs Function to Boost Sperm Power Output and Motility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693258. [PMID: 34422816 PMCID: PMC8374954 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization requires sperm to travel long distances through the complex environment of the female reproductive tract. Despite the strong association between poor motility and infertility, the kinetics of sperm tail movement and the role individual proteins play in this process is poorly understood. Here, we use a high spatiotemporal sperm imaging system and an analysis protocol to define the role of CRISPs in the mechanobiology of sperm function. Each of CRISP1, CRISP2, and CRISP4 is required to optimize sperm flagellum waveform. Each plays an autonomous role in defining beat frequency, flexibility, and power dissipation. We thus posit that the expansion of the CRISP family from one member in basal vertebrates, to three in most mammals, and four in numerous rodents, represents an example of neofunctionalization wherein proteins with a common core function, boosting power output, have evolved to optimize different aspects of sperm tail performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash S Gaikwad
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, The Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashwin Nandagiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David L Potter
- Monash Micro Imaging - Advanced Optical Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne E O'Connor
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, The Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sameer Jadhav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Julio Soria
- Laboratory for Turbulence Research in Aerospace & Combustion (LTRAC), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ranganathan Prabhakar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, The Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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12
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CRISP2, CATSPER1 and PATE1 Expression in Human Asthenozoospermic Semen. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081956. [PMID: 34440724 PMCID: PMC8391270 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of human asthenozoospermia is multifactorial. The need to unveil molecular mechanisms underlying this state of infertility is, thus, impelling. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in microRNA (miRNA) inhibition by a sponge activity to protect mRNA targets. All together they form the competitive endogenous RNA network (ceRNET). Recently, we have identified differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) in normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients, associated with high-quality (A-spermatozoa) and low-quality (B-spermatozoa) sperm. Here, we carried out a differential analysis of CRISP2, CATSPER1 and PATE1 mRNA expression in good quality (A-spermatozoa) and low quality (B-spermatozoa) sperm fractions collected from both normozoospermic volunteers and asthenozoospermic patients. These sperm fractions are usually separated on the basis of morphology and motility parameters by a density gradient centrifugation. B-spermatozoa showed low levels of mRNAs. Thus, we identified the possible ceRNET responsible for regulating their expression by focusing on circTRIM2, circEPS15 and circRERE. With the idea that motility perturbations could be rooted in quantitative changes of transcripts in sperm, we evaluated circRNA and mRNA modulation in A-spermatozoa and B-spermatozoa after an oral amino acid supplementation known to improve sperm motility. The profiles of CRISP2, CATSPER1 and PATE1 proteins in the same fractions of sperm well matched with the transcript levels. Our data may strengthen the role of circRNAs in asthenozoospermia and shed light on the molecular pathways linked to sperm motility regulation.
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CRISP protein expression in semen of the endangered Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus). Theriogenology 2021; 172:106-115. [PMID: 34153566 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Malayan tapir is a large endangered herbivore native to South-east Asia with fewer than 2500 animals remaining in the wild. Although a small number of animals (183 animals held by 60 institutions) are managed in zoos and breeding centres, there is limited information on the fundamental reproductive biology of this species. The purpose of this present study was to evaluate the associations of reproductive protein biomarkers (CRISP2 and CRISP3) in the seminal plasma and spermatozoa with reproductive characteristics in male Malayan tapirs. Ejaculates were collected from zoo-housed animals by electroejaculation and assessed for sperm motility and quality traits. Seminal plasma and sperm pellets were analysed for CRISP protein expression by immunoblotting. The reproductive tract of a single animal was also analysed for CRISP2 and CRISP3 protein expression and localization by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that both CRISP2 and CRISP3 are expressed in the seminal plasma and spermatozoa derived from Malayan tapirs. CRISP expression was positively correlated with semen quality, especially ejaculate volume, number of motile sperm, and acrosomal integrity. In addition, CRISP2 and CRISP3 protein expression were slightly high in males that had recently sired an offspring. The results suggest that CRISP proteins may serve as biomarkers for ejaculate quality and fertility in male Malayan tapirs. These findings may have significant implications for planning future breeding and re-introduction efforts for this species.
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The less conserved metal-binding site in human CRISP1 remains sensitive to zinc ions to permit protein oligomerization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5498. [PMID: 33750840 PMCID: PMC7943821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84926-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) are a subgroup of the CRISP, antigen 5 and PR-1 (CAP) superfamily that is characterized by the presence of a conserved CAP domain. Two conserved histidines in the CAP domain are proposed to function as a Zn2+-binding site with unknown function. Human CRISP1 is, however, one of the few family members that lack one of these characteristic histidine residues. The Zn2+-dependent oligomerization properties of human CRISP1 were investigated using a maltose-binding protein (MBP)-tagging approach in combination with low expression levels in XL-1 Blue bacteria. Moderate yields of soluble recombinant MBP-tagged human CRISP1 (MBP-CRISP1) and the MBP-tagged CAP domain of CRISP1 (MBP-CRISP1ΔC) were obtained. Zn2+ specifically induced oligomerization of both MBP-CRISP1 and MBP-CRISP1ΔC in vitro. The conserved His142 in the CAP domain was essential for this Zn2+ dependent oligomerization process, confirming a role of the CAP metal-binding site in the interaction with Zn2+. Furthermore, MBP-CRISP1 and MBP-CRISP1ΔC oligomers dissociated into monomers upon Zn2+ removal by EDTA. Condensation of proteins is characteristic for maturing sperm in the epididymis and this process was previously found to be Zn2+-dependent. The Zn2+-induced oligomerization of human recombinant CRISP1 may shed novel insights into the formation of functional protein complexes involved in mammalian fertilization.
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15
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Słowińska M, Pardyak L, Liszewska E, Judycka S, Bukowska J, Dietrich MA, Paukszto Ł, Jastrzębski J, Kozłowski K, Kowalczyk A, Jankowski J, Bilińska B, Ciereszko A. Characterization and biological role of cysteine-rich venom protein belonging to CRISPs from turkey seminal plasma†. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:1302-1321. [PMID: 33675663 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Turkey semen contains cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) that belong to the dominant seminal plasma proteins. We aimed to isolate and characterize CRISP from turkey seminal plasma and evaluate its possible involvement in yellow semen syndrome (YSS). YSS, which is well characterized, causes reduced fertility and hatchability. The protein was purified using hydrophobic interaction, gel filtration, and reverse phase chromatography. It then was subjected to identification by mass spectrometry, analysis of physicochemical properties, and specific antibody production. The biological function of the isolated protein was tested and included its effects on sperm motility and migration and sperm-egg interactions. Sperm motility was measured with the CASA system using Hobson Sperm Tracker. The reproductive tract of turkey toms was analyzed for gene expression; immunohistochemistry was used for protein localization in the male reproductive tract, spermatozoa, and inner perivitelline layer. The isolated protein was identified as cysteine-rich venom protein-like isoform X2 (CRVP X2; XP_010706464.1) and contained feature motifs of CRISP family proteins. Turkey CRVP X2 was present in both spermatozoa and seminal plasma. The extensive secretion of CRVP X2 by the epithelial cells of the epididymis and ductus deferens suggests its involvement in post-testicular sperm maturation. The internally localized CRVP X2 in the proximal part of the sperm tail might be responsible for stimulation of sperm motility. CRVP X2 on the sperm head might be involved in several events prior to fusion and may also participate in gamete fusion itself. Although the mechanisms by which CRVP X2 mediates fertilization are still unknown, the involvement of complementary sites cannot be excluded. The disturbance of CRVP X2 expression can serve as an etiologic factor of YSS in the turkey. This study expands the understanding of the detailed mechanism of fertilization in birds by clarifying the specific role of CRVP X2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Słowińska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Laura Pardyak
- Center of Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Liszewska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Judycka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Bukowska
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariola Aleksandra Dietrich
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Łukasz Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Jastrzębski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kozłowski
- Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Artur Kowalczyk
- Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jan Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science and Apiculture, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Gaikwad AS, Hu J, Chapple DG, O'Bryan MK. The functions of CAP superfamily proteins in mammalian fertility and disease. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:689-723. [PMID: 32378701 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Members of the cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPS), antigen 5 (Ag5) and pathogenesis-related 1 (Pr-1) (CAP) superfamily of proteins are found across the bacterial, fungal, plant and animal kingdoms. Although many CAP superfamily proteins remain poorly characterized, over the past decade evidence has accumulated, which provides insights into the functional roles of these proteins in various processes, including fertilization, immune defence and subversion, pathogen virulence, venom toxicology and cancer biology. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this article is to summarize the current state of knowledge on CAP superfamily proteins in mammalian fertility, organismal homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. SEARCH METHODS The scientific literature search was undertaken via PubMed database on all articles published prior to November 2019. Search terms were based on following keywords: 'CAP superfamily', 'CRISP', 'Cysteine-rich secretory proteins', 'Antigen 5', 'Pathogenesis-related 1', 'male fertility', 'CAP and CTL domain containing', 'CRISPLD1', 'CRISPLD2', 'bacterial SCP', 'ion channel regulator', 'CatSper', 'PI15', 'PI16', 'CLEC', 'PRY proteins', 'ASP proteins', 'spermatogenesis', 'epididymal maturation', 'capacitation' and 'snake CRISP'. In addition to that, reference lists of primary and review article were reviewed for additional relevant publications. OUTCOMES In this review, we discuss the breadth of knowledge on CAP superfamily proteins with regards to their protein structure, biological functions and emerging significance in reproduction, health and disease. We discuss the evolution of CAP superfamily proteins from their otherwise unembellished prokaryotic predecessors into the multi-domain and neofunctionalized members found in eukaryotic organisms today. At least in part because of the rapid evolution of these proteins, many inconsistencies in nomenclature exist within the literature. As such, and in part through the use of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis of the vertebrate CRISP subfamily, we have attempted to clarify this confusion, thus allowing for a comparison of orthologous protein function between species. This framework also allows the prediction of functional relevance between species based on sequence and structural conservation. WIDER IMPLICATIONS This review generates a picture of critical roles for CAP proteins in ion channel regulation, sterol and lipid binding and protease inhibition, and as ligands involved in the induction of multiple cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash S Gaikwad
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jinghua Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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17
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Ceballos-Laita L, Gutierrez-Carbonell E, Takahashi D, Lonsdale A, Abadía A, Doblin MS, Bacic A, Uemura M, Abadía J, López-Millán AF. Effects of Excess Manganese on the Xylem Sap Protein Profile of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) as Revealed by Shotgun Proteomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8863. [PMID: 33238539 PMCID: PMC7700171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal toxicity is a common problem in crop species worldwide. Some metals are naturally toxic, whereas others such as manganese (Mn) are essential micro-nutrients for plant growth but can become toxic when in excess. Changes in the composition of the xylem sap, which is the main pathway for ion transport within the plant, is therefore vital to understanding the plant's response(s) to metal toxicity. In this study we have assessed the effects of exposure of tomato roots to excess Mn on the protein profile of the xylem sap, using a shotgun proteomics approach. Plants were grown in nutrient solution using 4.6 and 300 µM MnCl2 as control and excess Mn treatments, respectively. This approach yielded 668 proteins reliably identified and quantified. Excess Mn caused statistically significant (at p ≤ 0.05) and biologically relevant changes in relative abundance (≥2-fold increases or ≥50% decreases) in 322 proteins, with 82% of them predicted to be secretory using three different prediction tools, with more decreasing than increasing (181 and 82, respectively), suggesting that this metal stress causes an overall deactivation of metabolic pathways. Processes most affected by excess Mn were in the oxido-reductase, polysaccharide and protein metabolism classes. Excess Mn induced changes in hydrolases and peroxidases involved in cell wall degradation and lignin formation, respectively, consistent with the existence of alterations in the cell wall. Protein turnover was also affected, as indicated by the decrease in proteolytic enzymes and protein synthesis-related proteins. Excess Mn modified the redox environment of the xylem sap, with changes in the abundance of oxido-reductase and defense protein classes indicating a stress scenario. Finally, results indicate that excess Mn decreased the amounts of proteins associated with several signaling pathways, including fasciclin-like arabinogalactan-proteins and lipids, as well as proteases, which may be involved in the release of signaling peptides and protein maturation. The comparison of the proteins changing in abundance in xylem sap and roots indicate the existence of tissue-specific and systemic responses to excess Mn. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD021973.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, P.O. Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (E.G.-C.); (A.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Elain Gutierrez-Carbonell
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, P.O. Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (E.G.-C.); (A.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (D.T.); (M.U.)
| | - Andrew Lonsdale
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Anunciación Abadía
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, P.O. Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (E.G.-C.); (A.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Monika S. Doblin
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.S.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Antony Bacic
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture & Food, Department of Animal, Plant & Soil Sciences, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.S.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (D.T.); (M.U.)
- Department of Plant-bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Javier Abadía
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, P.O. Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (E.G.-C.); (A.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
| | - Ana Flor López-Millán
- Plant Stress Physiology Group, Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, P.O. Box 13034, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.C.-L.); (E.G.-C.); (A.A.); (A.F.L.-M.)
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Rau CD, Gonzales NM, Bloom JS, Park D, Ayroles J, Palmer AA, Lusis AJ, Zaitlen N. Modeling epistasis in mice and yeast using the proportion of two or more distinct genetic backgrounds: Evidence for "polygenic epistasis". PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009165. [PMID: 33104702 PMCID: PMC7644088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of quantitative genetic models used to map complex traits assume that alleles have similar effects across all individuals. Significant evidence suggests, however, that epistatic interactions modulate the impact of many alleles. Nevertheless, identifying epistatic interactions remains computationally and statistically challenging. In this work, we address some of these challenges by developing a statistical test for polygenic epistasis that determines whether the effect of an allele is altered by the global genetic ancestry proportion from distinct progenitors. Results We applied our method to data from mice and yeast. For the mice, we observed 49 significant genotype-by-ancestry interaction associations across 14 phenotypes as well as over 1,400 Bonferroni-corrected genotype-by-ancestry interaction associations for mouse gene expression data. For the yeast, we observed 92 significant genotype-by-ancestry interactions across 38 phenotypes. Given this evidence of epistasis, we test for and observe evidence of rapid selection pressure on ancestry specific polymorphisms within one of the cohorts, consistent with epistatic selection. Conclusions Unlike our prior work in human populations, we observe widespread evidence of ancestry-modified SNP effects, perhaps reflecting the greater divergence present in crosses using mice and yeast. Many statistical tests which link genetic markers in the genome to differences in traits rely on the assumption that the same polymorphism will have identical effects in different individuals. However, there is substantial evidence indicating that this is not the case. Epistasis is the phenomenon in which multiple polymorphisms interact with one another to amplify or negate each other’s effects on a trait. We hypothesized that individual SNP effects could be changed in a polygenic manner, such that the proportion of as genetic ancestry, rather than specific markers, might be used to capture epistatic interactions. Motivated by this possibility, we develop a new statistical test that allowed us to examine the genome to identify polymorphisms which have different effects depending on the ancestral makeup of each individual. We use our test in two different populations of inbred mice and a yeast panel and demonstrate that these sorts of variable effect polymorphisms exist in 14 different physical traits in mice and 38 phenotypes in yeast as well as in murine gene expression. We use the term “polygenic epistasis” to distinguish these interactions from the more conventional two- or multi-locus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph D. Rau
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Natalia M. Gonzales
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joshua S. Bloom
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Danny Park
- Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Julien Ayroles
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Abraham A. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomic Medicine, UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States of America
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Noah Zaitlen
- Department of Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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Curci L, Brukman NG, Weigel Muñoz M, Rojo D, Carvajal G, Sulzyk V, Gonzalez SN, Rubinstein M, Da Ros VG, Cuasnicú PS. Functional redundancy and compensation: Deletion of multiple murine Crisp genes reveals their essential role for male fertility. FASEB J 2020; 34:15718-15733. [PMID: 33037689 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001406r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian Cysteine-RIch Secretory Protein (CRISP) family includes four members present in sperm and reported to regulate Ca2+ channels and fertilization. Based on our previous observations using single knockouts models and suggesting the existence of functional compensation among CRISP proteins, we investigated their relevance for male fertility by generating multiple Crisp gene mutants by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Whereas targeting of Crisp1 and Crisp3 yielded subfertile males with early embryo developmental defects, the same deletion in zygotes from fertile Crisp2-/- .Crisp4-/- mice led to the generation of both triple and quadruple knockout mice exhibiting a complete or severe disruption of male fertility due to a combination of sperm transport, fertilization, and embryo developmental defects linked to intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation. These observations reveal that CRISP proteins are essential for male fertility and organize in functional modules that contribute distinctly to fertility success, bringing insights into the mechanisms underlying functional redundancy/compensation in protein families and emphasizing the importance of generating multiple and not just single knockout which might be masking the true functional relevance of family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Curci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N G Brukman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Weigel Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Carvajal
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Sulzyk
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S N Gonzalez
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Rubinstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V G Da Ros
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P S Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ding N, Zhang X, Zhang XD, Jing J, Liu SS, Mu YP, Peng LL, Yan YJ, Xiao GM, Bi XY, Chen H, Li FH, Yao B, Zhao AZ. Impairment of spermatogenesis and sperm motility by the high-fat diet-induced dysbiosis of gut microbes. Gut 2020; 69:1608-1619. [PMID: 31900292 PMCID: PMC7456731 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disorders can lead to impaired sperm production. We aim to investigate if HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis can functionally influence spermatogenesis and sperm motility. DESIGN Faecal microbes derived from the HFD-fed or normal diet (ND)-fed male mice were transplanted to the mice maintained on ND. The gut microbes, sperm count and motility were analysed. Human faecal/semen/blood samples were collected to assess microbiota, sperm quality and endotoxin. RESULTS Transplantation of the HFD gut microbes into the ND-maintained (HFD-FMT) mice resulted in a significant decrease in spermatogenesis and sperm motility, whereas similar transplantation with the microbes from the ND-fed mice failed to do so. Analysis of the microbiota showed a profound increase in genus Bacteroides and Prevotella, both of which likely contributed to the metabolic endotoxaemia in the HFD-FMT mice. Interestingly, the gut microbes from clinical subjects revealed a strong negative correlation between the abundance of Bacteroides-Prevotella and sperm motility, and a positive correlation between blood endotoxin and Bacteroides abundance. Transplantation with HFD microbes also led to intestinal infiltration of T cells and macrophages as well as a significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the epididymis, suggesting that epididymal inflammation have likely contributed to the impairment of sperm motility. RNA-sequencing revealed significant reduction in the expression of those genes involved in gamete meiosis and testicular mitochondrial functions in the HFD-FMT mice. CONCLUSION We revealed an intimate linkage between HFD-induced microbiota dysbiosis and defect in spermatogenesis with elevated endotoxin, dysregulation of testicular gene expression and localised epididymal inflammation as the potential causes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03634644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Xue Di Zhang
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Jing
- Jinling Hospital Department Reproductive Medical Center, Nanjing Medicine University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan Shan Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Women and Children 's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Ping Mu
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li Peng
- The School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Jing Yan
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Geng Miao Xiao
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Yun Bi
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Hong Li
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Jinling Hospital Department Reproductive Medical Center, Nanjing Medicine University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China .,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Allan Z Zhao
- The School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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21
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Polak I, Łopieńska-Biernat E, Stryiński R, Mateos J, Carrera M. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Anisakis simplex s.s.-Evaluation of the Response of Invasive Larvae to Ivermectin. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060710. [PMID: 32604878 PMCID: PMC7349835 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM), an antiparasitic drug, has a positive effect against Anisakis simplex s.s. infection and has been used for the treatment and prevention of anisakiasis in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of action of IVM on A. simplex s.s. remains unknown. Herein, tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling and extensive liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis were used to identify the effect of IVM on the proteome of A. simplex s.s. in vitro. During the study, 3433 proteins, of which 1247 had at least two protein unique peptides, were identified. Comparative proteomics analysis revealed that 59 proteins were differentially regulated (DRPs) in IVM-treated larvae, of which 14 proteins were upregulated and 38 were downregulated after 12 h of culture, but after 24 h, 12 proteins were upregulated and 22 were downregulated. The transcription level of five randomly selected DRPs was determined by real-time PCR as a supplement to the proteomic data. The functional enrichment analysis showed that most of the DRPs were involved in oxidoreductase activity, immunogenicity, protein degradation, and other biological processes. This study has, for the first time, provided comprehensive proteomics data on A. simplex s.s. response to IVM and might deliver new insight into the molecular mechanism by which IVM acts on invasive larvae of A. simplex s.s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Polak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (I.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Łopieńska-Biernat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (I.P.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (E.Ł.-B.); (M.C.)
| | - Robert Stryiński
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (I.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Jesús Mateos
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 36-208 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Mónica Carrera
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (IIM), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 36-208 Vigo, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.Ł.-B.); (M.C.)
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22
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Arévalo L, Brukman NG, Cuasnicú PS, Roldan ERS. Evolutionary analysis of genes coding for Cysteine-RIch Secretory Proteins (CRISPs) in mammals. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:67. [PMID: 32513118 PMCID: PMC7278046 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine-RIch Secretory Proteins (CRISP) are expressed in the reproductive tract of mammalian males and are involved in fertilization and related processes. Due to their important role in sperm performance and sperm-egg interaction, these genes are likely to be exposed to strong selective pressures, including postcopulatory sexual selection and/or male-female coevolution. We here perform a comparative evolutionary analysis of Crisp genes in mammals. Currently, the nomenclature of CRISP genes is confusing, as a consequence of discrepancies between assignments of orthologs, particularly due to numbering of CRISP genes. This may generate problems when performing comparative evolutionary analyses of mammalian clades and species. To avoid such problems, we first carried out a study of possible orthologous relationships and putative origins of the known CRISP gene sequences. Furthermore, and with the aim to facilitate analyses, we here propose a different nomenclature for CRISP genes (EVAC1-4, "EVolutionarily-analyzed CRISP") to be used in an evolutionary context. RESULTS We found differing selective pressures among Crisp genes. CRISP1/4 (EVAC1) and CRISP2 (EVAC2) orthologs are found across eutherian mammals and seem to be conserved in general, but show signs of positive selection in primate CRISP1/4 (EVAC1). Rodent Crisp1 (Evac3a) seems to evolve under a comparatively more relaxed constraint with positive selection on codon sites. Finally, murine Crisp3 (Evac4), which appears to be specific to the genus Mus, shows signs of possible positive selection. We further provide evidence for sexual selection on the sequence of one of these genes (Crisp1/4) that, unlike others, is thought to be exclusively expressed in male reproductive tissues. CONCLUSIONS We found differing selective pressures among CRISP genes and sexual selection as a contributing factor in CRISP1/4 gene sequence evolution. Our evolutionary analysis of this unique set of genes contributes to a better understanding of Crisp function in particular and the influence of sexual selection on reproductive mechanisms in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Arévalo
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Developmental Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127 Germany
| | - Nicolás G. Brukman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia S. Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo R. S. Roldan
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Expression and purification of recombinant mouse CRISP4 using a baculovirus system. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 167:105543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.105543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Gholami D, Salman Yazdi R, Jami MS, Ghasemi S, Sadighi Gilani MA, Sadeghinia S, Teimori H. The expression of Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein 2 (CRISP2) and miR-582-5p in seminal plasma fluid and spermatozoa of infertile men. Gene 2019; 730:144261. [PMID: 31778754 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein 2 (CRISP2) plays an important role in the morphology and motion of male ejaculated spermatozoa. The association of its expression with some miRNAs is also well known. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of CRISP2 and mir-582 in the seminal plasma fluid and spermatozoa of three groups of infertile men and the possible association of their expressions. In this experimental study, the expression of CRISP2 in seminal plasma fluid and spermatozoa of 17 men with asthenozoospermia, 15 men with teratozoospermia, 17 men with teratoasthenozoospermia, and 18 infertile individuals with normozoospermia were measured using western blotting. Then by using bioinformatics studies, miR-582-5p was nominated as a CRISP2-associated miRNA, and its expression was evaluated by means of Real-Time PCR. Comparison of expression of CRISP2 and miRNA-582 in the studied groups was analyzed by t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. The expression of CRISP2 showed a significant reduction in the spermatozoa and seminal plasma fluid of all three groups, (p < 0.05). MiR-582-5p expression significantly increased in teratozoospermia patients (<0.05), and significantly decreased in teratoasthenozoospermia patients (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, changes in the expression of miR-582-5p in teratoasthenozoospermia individuals was associated with a decrease in the expression of CRISP2, which could represent the potential role of miR-582-5p in regulation of CRISP2 expression in teratoasthenozoospermia individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delnya Gholami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Salman Yazdi
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Saeid Jami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Sadeghinia
- College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences School of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Hossien Teimori
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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25
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First report on BaltCRP, a cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP) from Bothrops alternatus venom: Effects on potassium channels and inflammatory processes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:556-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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26
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Weigel Muñoz M, Battistone MA, Carvajal G, Maldera JA, Curci L, Torres P, Lombardo D, Pignataro OP, Da Ros VG, Cuasnicú PS. Influence of the genetic background on the reproductive phenotype of mice lacking Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein 1 (CRISP1). Biol Reprod 2019; 99:373-383. [PMID: 29481619 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epididymal sperm protein CRISP1 has the ability to both regulate murine CatSper, a key sperm calcium channel, and interact with egg-binding sites during fertilization. In spite of its relevance for sperm function, Crisp1-/-mice are fertile. Considering that phenotypes can be influenced by the genetic background, in the present work mice from the original mixed Crisp1-/- colony (129/SvEv*C57BL/6) were backcrossed onto the C57BL/6 strain for subsequent analysis of their reproductive phenotype. Whereas fertility and fertilization rates of C57BL/6 Crisp1-/- males did not differ from those reported for mice from the mixed background, several sperm functional parameters were clearly affected by the genetic background. Crisp1-/- sperm from the homogeneous background exhibited defects in both the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and motility not observed in the mixed background, and normal rather than reduced protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Additional studies revealed a significant decrease in sperm hyperactivation as well as in cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) substrate phosphorylation levels in sperm from both colonies. The finding that exposure of mutant sperm to a cAMP analog and phosphodiesterase inhibitor overcame the sperm functional defects observed in each colony indicated that a common cAMP-PKA signaling defect led to different phenotypes depending on the genetic background. Altogether, our observations indicate that the phenotype of CRISP1 null males is modulated by the genetic context and reveal new roles for the protein in both the functional events and signaling pathways associated to capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Weigel Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María A Battistone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Carvajal
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta A Maldera
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ludmila Curci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Torres
- Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Lombardo
- Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar P Pignataro
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vanina G Da Ros
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia S Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Weigel Muñoz M, Carvajal G, Curci L, Gonzalez SN, Cuasnicu PS. Relevance of CRISP proteins for epididymal physiology, fertilization, and fertility. Andrology 2019; 7:610-617. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Weigel Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - G. Carvajal
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - L. Curci
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - S. N. Gonzalez
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - P. S. Cuasnicu
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
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28
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Shafee T, Mitchell ML, Norton RS. Mapping the chemical and sequence space of the ShKT superfamily. Toxicon 2019; 165:95-102. [PMID: 31063742 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The ShKT superfamily is widely distributed throughout nature and encompasses a wide range of documented functions and processes, from modulation of potassium channels to involvement in morphogenesis pathways. Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) contain a cysteine-rich domain (CRD) at the C-terminus that is similar in structure to the ShK fold. Despite the structural similarity of the CRD and ShK-like domains, we know little of the sequence-function relationships in these families. Here, for the first time, we examine the evolution of the biophysical properties of sequences within the ShKT superfamily in relation to function, with a focus on the ShK-like superfamily. ShKT data were sourced from published sequences in the protein family database, in addition to new ShK-like sequences from the Australian speckled anemone (Oulactis sp.). Our analysis clearly delineates the ShK-like family from the CRDs of CRISP proteins. The four CRISP subclusters separate out into the main phyla of Mammalia, Insecta and Reptilia. The ShK-like family is in turn composed of seven subclusters, the largest of which contains members from across the eukaryotes, with a continuum of intermediate properties. Smaller sub-clusters contain specialised members such as nematode ShK-like sequences. Several of these ShKT sub-clusters contain no functionally characterised sequences. This chemical space analysis should be useful as a guide to select sequences for functional studies and to gain insight into the evolution of these highly divergent sequences with an ancient conserved fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Shafee
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia; Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, AgriBio, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Michela L Mitchell
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Bioinformatics Division, Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Marine Invertebrates, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Vic, 3001, Australia; Biodiversity & Geosciences, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Raymond S Norton
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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29
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Lim S, Kierzek M, O'Connor AE, Brenker C, Merriner DJ, Okuda H, Volpert M, Gaikwad A, Bianco D, Potter D, Prabhakar R, Strünker T, O'Bryan MK. CRISP2 Is a Regulator of Multiple Aspects of Sperm Function and Male Fertility. Endocrinology 2019; 160:915-924. [PMID: 30759213 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) are a group of proteins that show a pronounced expression biased to the male reproductive tract. Although sperm encounter CRISPs at virtually all phases of sperm development and maturation, CRISP2 is the sole CRISP produced during spermatogenesis, wherein it is incorporated into the developing sperm head and tail. In this study we tested the necessity for CRISP2 in male fertility using Crisp2 loss-of-function mouse models. In doing so, we revealed a role for CRISP2 in establishing the ability of sperm to undergo the acrosome reaction and in establishing a normal flagellum waveform. Crisp2-deficient sperm possess a stiff midpiece and are thus unable to manifest the rapid form of progressive motility seen in wild type sperm. As a consequence, Crisp2-deficient males are subfertile. Furthermore, a yeast two-hybrid screen and immunoprecipitation studies reveal that CRISP2 can bind to the CATSPER1 subunit of the Catsper ion channel, which is necessary for normal sperm motility. Collectively, these data define CRISP2 as a determinant of male fertility and explain previous clinical associations between human CRISP2 expression and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuly Lim
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelina Kierzek
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne E O'Connor
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph Brenker
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - D Jo Merriner
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hidenobu Okuda
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marianna Volpert
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Avinash Gaikwad
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Bianco
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Potter
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ranganathan Prabhakar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timo Strünker
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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30
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Hu J, Merriner DJ, O'Connor AE, Houston BJ, Furic L, Hedger MP, O'Bryan MK. Epididymal cysteine-rich secretory proteins are required for epididymal sperm maturation and optimal sperm function. Mol Hum Reprod 2019; 24:111-122. [PMID: 29361143 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gay001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the role of epididymal cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) in male fertility? SUMMARY ANSWER While epididymal CRISPs are not absolutely required for male fertility, they are required for optimal sperm function. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY CRISPs are members of the CRISP, Antigen 5 and Pathogenesis related protein 1 (CAP) superfamily and are characterized by the presence of an N-terminal CAP domain and a C-terminal CRISP domain. CRISPs are highly enriched in the male reproductive tract of mammals, including in the epididymis. Within humans there is one epididymal CRISP, CRISP1, whereas in mice there are two, CRISP1 and CRISP4. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In order to define the role of CRISPs within the epididymis, Crisp1 and Crisp4 knockout mouse lines were produced then interbred to produce Crisp1 and 4 double knockout (DKO) mice, wherein the expression of all epididymal CRISPs was ablated. Individual and DKO models were then assessed, relative to their own strain-specific wild type littermates for fertility, and sperm output and functional competence at young (10-12 weeks of age) and older ages (22-24 weeks). Crisp1 and 4 DKO and control mice were also compared for their ability to bind to the zona pellucida and achieve fertilization. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Knockout mouse production was achieved using modified embryonic stem cells and standard methods. The knockout of individual genes was confirmed at a mRNA (quantitative PCR) and protein (immunochemistry) level. Fertility was assessed using breeding experiments and a histological assessment of testes and epididymal tissue. Sperm functional competence was assessed using a computer assisted sperm analyser, induction of the acrosome reaction using progesterone followed by staining for acrosome contents, using immunochemical and western blotting to assess the ability of sperm to manifest tyrosine phosphorylation under capacitating conditions and using sperm-zona pellucida binding assays and IVF methods. A minimum of three biological replicates were used per assay and per genotype. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE While epididymal CRISPs are not absolutely required for male fertility, their production results in enhanced sperm function and, depending on context, CRISP1 and CRISP4 act redundantly or autonomously. Specifically, CRISP1 is the most important CRISP in the establishment of normally motile sperm, whereas CRISP4 acts to enhance capacitation-associated tyrosine phosphorylation, and CRISP1 and CRISP4 act together to establish normal acrosome function. Both are required to achieve optimal sperm-egg interaction. The presence of immune infiltrates into the epididymis of older, but not younger, DKO animals also suggests epididymal CRISPs function to produce an immune privileged environment for maturing sperm within the epididymis. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Caution should be displayed in the translation of mouse-derived data into the human wherein the histology of the epididymis is someone what different. The mice used in the study were housed in a specific pathogen-free environment and were thus not exposed to the full range of environmental challenges experienced by wild mice or humans. As such, the role of CRISPs in the maintenance of an immune privileged environment, for example, may be understated. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The combined deletion of Crisp1 and Crisp4 in mice is equivalent to the removal of all CRISP expression in humans. As such, these data suggest that mammalian CRISPs, including that in humans, function to enhance sperm function and thus male fertility. These data also suggest that in the presence of an environmental challenge, CRISPs help to maintain an immune privileged environment and thus, protect against immune-mediated male infertility. LARGE SCALE DATA Not applicable. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Victorian Cancer Agency and a scholarship from the Chinese Scholarship Council. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Hu
- The Development and Stem Cells Program of the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - D Jo Merriner
- The Development and Stem Cells Program of the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Anne E O'Connor
- The Development and Stem Cells Program of the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Brendan J Houston
- The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Luc Furic
- Prostate Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Mark P Hedger
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- The Development and Stem Cells Program of the Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and The Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,The School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Carvajal G, Brukman NG, Weigel Muñoz M, Battistone MA, Guazzone VA, Ikawa M, Haruhiko M, Lustig L, Breton S, Cuasnicu PS. Impaired male fertility and abnormal epididymal epithelium differentiation in mice lacking CRISP1 and CRISP4. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17531. [PMID: 30510210 PMCID: PMC6277452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35719-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epididymal Cysteine Rich Secretory Proteins 1 and 4 (CRISP1 and CRISP4) associate with sperm during maturation and play different roles in fertilization. However, males lacking each of these molecules individually are fertile, suggesting compensatory mechanisms between these homologous proteins. Based on this, in the present work, we generated double CRISP1/CRISP4 knockout (DKO) mice and examined their reproductive phenotype. Our data showed that the simultaneous lack of the two epididymal proteins results in clear fertility defects. Interestingly, whereas most of the animals exhibited specific sperm fertilizing ability defects supportive of the role of CRISP proteins in fertilization, one third of the males showed an unexpected epididymo-orchitis phenotype with altered levels of inflammatory molecules and non-viable sperm in the epididymis. Further analysis showed that DKO mice exhibited an immature epididymal epithelium and abnormal luminal pH, supporting these defects as likely responsible for the different phenotypes observed. These observations reveal that CRISP proteins are relevant for epididymal epithelium differentiation and male fertility, contributing to a better understanding of the fine-tuning mechanisms underlying sperm maturation and immunotolerance in the epididymis with clear implications for human epididymal physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Carvajal
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Gastón Brukman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Mariana Weigel Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - María A Battistone
- Program in Membrane Biology, Center for Systems Biology, Nephrology Division, and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vanesa A Guazzone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Miyata Haruhiko
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Livia Lustig
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED-UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Program in Membrane Biology, Center for Systems Biology, Nephrology Division, and Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patricia S Cuasnicu
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina.
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32
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Positive Selection in the Evolution of Mammalian CRISPs. J Mol Evol 2018; 86:635-645. [DOI: 10.1007/s00239-018-9872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Belardin L, Camargo M, Intasqui P, Antoniassi M, Fraietta R, Bertolla R. Cysteine‐rich secretory protein 3: inflammation role in adult varicocoele. Andrology 2018; 7:53-61. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Belardin
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Camargo
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - P. Intasqui
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Antoniassi
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - R. Fraietta
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - R. Bertolla
- Department of Surgery Division of Urology Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
- Hospital São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Ceballos-Laita L, Gutierrez-Carbonell E, Imai H, Abadía A, Uemura M, Abadía J, López-Millán AF. Effects of manganese toxicity on the protein profile of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) roots as revealed by two complementary proteomic approaches, two-dimensional electrophoresis and shotgun analysis. J Proteomics 2018; 185:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Synthesis, folding, structure and activity of a predicted peptide from the sea anemone Oulactis sp. with an ShKT fold. Toxicon 2018; 150:50-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Sunanda P, Krishnarjuna B, Peigneur S, Mitchell ML, Estrada R, Villegas‐Moreno J, Pennington MW, Tytgat J, Norton RS. Identification, chemical synthesis, structure, and function of a new K
V
1 channel blocking peptide from
Oulactis
sp. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Punnepalli Sunanda
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Bankala Krishnarjuna
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Michela L. Mitchell
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | | | - Jessica Villegas‐Moreno
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavaca México
| | | | - Jan Tytgat
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyUniversity of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922Leuven, 3000 Belgium
| | - Raymond S. Norton
- Medicinal ChemistryMonash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal ParadeParkville, VIC 3052 Australia
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37
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Prentis PJ, Pavasovic A, Norton RS. Sea Anemones: Quiet Achievers in the Field of Peptide Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10010036. [PMID: 29316700 PMCID: PMC5793123 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea anemones have been understudied as a source of peptide and protein toxins, with relatively few examined as a source of new pharmacological tools or therapeutic leads. This is surprising given the success of some anemone peptides that have been tested, such as the potassium channel blocker from Stichodactyla helianthus known as ShK. An analogue of this peptide, ShK-186, which is now known as dalazatide, has successfully completed Phase 1 clinical trials and is about to enter Phase 2 trials for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. One of the impediments to the exploitation of sea anemone toxins in the pharmaceutical industry has been the difficulty associated with their high-throughput discovery and isolation. Recent developments in multiple ‘omic’ technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, coupled with advanced bioinformatics, have opened the way for large-scale discovery of novel sea anemone toxins from a range of species. Many of these toxins will be useful pharmacological tools and some will hopefully prove to be valuable therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Prentis
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
- Institute of Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
| | - Ana Pavasovic
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
| | - Raymond S Norton
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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Krishnarjuna B, MacRaild CA, Sunanda P, Morales RAV, Peigneur S, Macrander J, Yu HH, Daly M, Raghothama S, Dhawan V, Chauhan S, Tytgat J, Pennington MW, Norton RS. Structure, folding and stability of a minimal homologue from Anemonia sulcata of the sea anemone potassium channel blocker ShK. Peptides 2018; 99:169-178. [PMID: 28993277 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide toxins elaborated by sea anemones target various ion-channel sub-types. Recent transcriptomic studies of sea anemones have identified several novel candidate peptides, some of which have cysteine frameworks identical to those of previously reported sequences. One such peptide is AsK132958, which was identified in a transcriptomic study of Anemonia sulcata and has a cysteine framework similar to that of ShK from Stichodactyla helianthus, but is six amino acid residues shorter. We have determined the solution structure of this novel peptide using NMR spectroscopy. The disulfide connectivities and structural scaffold of AsK132958 are very similar to those of ShK but the structure is more constrained. Toxicity assays were performed using grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sp) and Artemia nauplii, and patch-clamp electrophysiology assays were performed to assess the activity of AsK132958 against a range of voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels. AsK132958 showed no activity against grass shrimp, Artemia nauplii, or any of the KV channels tested, owing partly to the absence of a functional Lys-Tyr dyad. Three AsK132958 analogues, each containing a Tyr in the vicinity of Lys19, were therefore generated in an effort to restore binding, but none showed activity against any of KV channels tested. However, AsK132958 and its analogues are less susceptible to proteolysis than that of ShK. Our structure suggests that Lys19, which might be expected to occupy the pore of the channel, is not sufficiently accessible for binding, and therefore that AsK132958 must have a distinct functional role that does not involve KV channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bankala Krishnarjuna
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher A MacRaild
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Punnepalli Sunanda
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Rodrigo A V Morales
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Steve Peigneur
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jason Macrander
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, 1315 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212, USA; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Heidi H Yu
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Marymegan Daly
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, 1315 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212, USA
| | | | - Vikas Dhawan
- Peptides International, Louisville, KY 40299, USA
| | | | - Jan Tytgat
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, O&N 2, Herestraat 49, P.O. Box 922, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Raymond S Norton
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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39
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Tracing the Evolutionary History of the CAP Superfamily of Proteins Using Amino Acid Sequence Homology and Conservation of Splice Sites. J Mol Evol 2017; 85:137-157. [DOI: 10.1007/s00239-017-9813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Breen S, Williams SJ, Outram M, Kobe B, Solomon PS. Emerging Insights into the Functions of Pathogenesis-Related Protein 1. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:871-879. [PMID: 28743380 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The members of the pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1) family are among the most abundantly produced proteins in plants on pathogen attack, and PR-1 gene expression has long been used as a marker for salicylic acid-mediated disease resistance. However, despite considerable interest over several decades, their requirement and role in plant defence remains poorly understood. Recent reports have emerged demonstrating that PR-1 proteins possess sterol-binding activity, harbour an embedded defence signalling peptide, and are targeted by plant pathogens during host infection. These studies have re-energised the field and provided long-awaited insights into a possible PR-1 function. Here we review the current status of PR-1 proteins and discuss how these recent advances shed light on putative roles for these enigmatic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Breen
- Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Simon J Williams
- Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Megan Outram
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bostjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Peter S Solomon
- Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia.
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41
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Bose U, Wang T, Zhao M, Motti CA, Hall MR, Cummins SF. Multiomics analysis of the giant triton snail salivary gland, a crown-of-thorns starfish predator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6000. [PMID: 28729681 PMCID: PMC5519703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The giant triton snail (Charonia tritonis) is one of the few natural predators of the adult Crown-of-Thorns starfish (COTS), a corallivore that has been damaging to many reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Charonia species have large salivary glands (SGs) that are suspected to produce either a venom and/or sulphuric acid which can immobilize their prey and neutralize the intrinsic toxic properties of COTS. To date, there is little information on the types of toxins produced by tritons. In this paper, the predatory behaviour of the C. tritonis is described. Then, the C. tritonis SG, which itself is made up of an anterior lobe (AL) and posterior lobe (PL), was analyzed using an integrated transcriptomics and proteomics approach, to identify putative toxin- and feeding-related proteins. A de novo transcriptome database and in silico protein analysis predicts that ~3800 proteins have features consistent with being secreted. A gland-specific proteomics analysis confirmed the presence of numerous SG-AL and SG-PL proteins, including those with similarity to cysteine-rich venom proteins. Sulfuric acid biosynthesis enzymes were identified, specific to the SG-PL. Our analysis of the C. tritonis SG (AL and PL) has provided a deeper insight into the biomolecular toolkit used for predation and feeding by C. tritonis.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Bose
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Genecology Research Center, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, 4810, Australia
| | - T Wang
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Genecology Research Center, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - M Zhao
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Genecology Research Center, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia
| | - C A Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, 4810, Australia
| | - M R Hall
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, 4810, Australia
| | - S F Cummins
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Genecology Research Center, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland, 4558, Australia.
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42
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Darwiche R, Mène-Saffrané L, Gfeller D, Asojo OA, Schneiter R. The pathogen-related yeast protein Pry1, a member of the CAP protein superfamily, is a fatty acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8304-8314. [PMID: 28365570 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.781880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the CAP superfamily (cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins), also known as SCP superfamily (sperm-coating proteins), have been implicated in many physiological processes, including immune defenses, venom toxicity, and sperm maturation. Their mode of action, however, remains poorly understood. Three proteins of the CAP superfamily, Pry1, -2, and -3 (pathogen related in yeast), are encoded in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. We have shown previously that Pry1 binds cholesterol in vitro and that Pry function is required for sterol secretion in yeast cells, indicating that members of this superfamily may generally bind sterols or related small hydrophobic compounds. On the other hand, tablysin-15, a CAP protein from the horsefly Tabanus yao, has been shown to bind leukotrienes and free fatty acids in vitro Therefore, here we assessed whether the yeast Pry1 protein binds fatty acids. Computational modeling and site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the mode of fatty acid binding is conserved between tablysin-15 and Pry1. Pry1 bound fatty acids with micromolar affinity in vitro, and its function was essential for fatty acid export in cells lacking the acyl-CoA synthetases Faa1 and Faa4. Fatty acid binding of Pry1 is independent of its capacity to bind sterols, and the two sterol- and fatty acid-binding sites are nonoverlapping. These results indicate that some CAP family members, such as Pry1, can bind different lipids, particularly sterols and fatty acids, at distinct binding sites, suggesting that the CAP domain may serve as a stable, secreted protein domain that can accommodate multiple ligand-binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabih Darwiche
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Mène-Saffrané
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Gfeller
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Biopole III, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oluwatoyin A Asojo
- National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Roger Schneiter
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Anklesaria JH, Pandya RR, Pathak BR, Mahale SD. Purification and characterization of CRISP-3 from human seminal plasma and its real-time binding kinetics with PSP94. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1039:59-65. [PMID: 27825912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) have been postulated to have a role in male reproduction and prostate pathophysiology. Of the mammalian CRISPs, CRISP-3 levels in particular have been shown to be upregulated in prostate cancer. Efforts have been made to obtain highly pure CRISP-3 for gaining structure-function information of this protein. However, well characterized and highly pure protein is not available yet. CRISPs from snake venom have been purified using prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94) has been reported earlier. In the present study, CRISP-3 was purified to homogeneity from human seminal plasma using human PSP94-immnobilized affinity column. The molecular mass of the purified protein was determined by SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting and found to be ∼26kDa and ∼28kDa. The purity was further verified using MALDI-TOF MS analysis, where two peaks at m/z 25509 and 27715 were obtained. The lower molecular weight peak corresponds to the calculated molecular mass of CRISP-3 (∼26kDa); whereas the higher molecular weight peak was confirmed to be the glycosylated form (∼28kDa) from the deglycosylation experiment. Binding of PSP94 in increasing concentrations to purified CRISP-3 immobilized chip was further validated using surface plasmon resonance. The kinetics data suggested that purified CRISP-3 binds specifically and with high affinity to PSP94. In conclusion, a homogeneous preparation of highly pure CRISP-3 protein is obtained from human seminal plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Smita D Mahale
- Division of Structural Biology, India; ICMR Biomedical Informatics Centre, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research), Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
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44
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Structural and functional characterization of the CAP domain of pathogen-related yeast 1 (Pry1) protein. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28838. [PMID: 27344972 PMCID: PMC4921858 DOI: 10.1038/srep28838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The production, crystal structure, and functional characterization of the C-terminal cysteine-rich secretory protein/antigen 5/pathogenesis related-1 (CAP) domain of pathogen-related yeast protein-1 (Pry1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. The CAP domain of Pry1 (Pry1CAP) is functional in vivo as its expression restores cholesterol export to yeast mutants lacking endogenous Pry1 and Pry2. Recombinant Pry1CAP forms dimers in solution, is sufficient for in vitro cholesterol binding, and has comparable binding properties as full-length Pry1. Two crystal structures of Pry1CAP are reported, one with Mg2+ coordinated to the conserved CAP tetrad (His208, Glu215, Glu233 and His250) in spacegroup I41 and the other without divalent cations in spacegroup P6122. The latter structure contains four 1,4-dioxane molecules from the crystallization solution, one of which sits in the cholesterol binding site. Both structures reveal that the divalent cation and cholesterol binding sites are connected upon dimerization, providing a structural basis for the observed Mg2+-dependent sterol binding by Pry1.
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45
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Anklesaria JH, Kulkarni BJ, Pathak BR, Mahale SD. Identification of CRISP2 from human sperm as PSP94-binding protein and generation of CRISP2-specific anti-peptide antibodies. J Pept Sci 2016; 22:383-90. [PMID: 27161017 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) are mainly found in the mammalian male reproductive tract and reported to be involved at different stages of fertilization. CRISPs have been shown to interact with prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids (PSP94) from diverse sources, and the binding of these evolutionarily conserved proteins across species is proposed to be of functional significance. Of the three mammalian CRISPs, PSP94-CRISP3 interaction is well characterized, and specific binding sites have been identified; whereas, CRISP2 has been shown to interact with PSP94 in vitro. Interestingly, human CRISP3 and CRISP2 proteins are closely related showing 71.4% identity. In this study, we identified CRISP2 as a potential binding protein of PSP94 from human sperm. Further, we generated antisera capable of specifically detecting CRISP2 and not CRISP3. In this direction, specific peptides corresponding to the least conserved ion channel regulatory region were synthesized, and polyclonal antibodies were generated against the peptide in rabbits. The binding characteristics of the anti-CRISP2 peptide antibody were evaluated using competitive ELISA. Immunoblotting experiments also confirmed that the peptide was able to generate antibodies capable of detecting the mature CRISP2 protein present in human sperm lysate. Furthermore, this anti-CRISP2 peptide antibody also detected the presence of native CRISP2 on sperm.Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer H Anklesaria
- Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhalchandra J Kulkarni
- Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhakti R Pathak
- Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Smita D Mahale
- Division of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,ICMR-Biomedical Informatics Center, National Institute for Research In Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India
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Brukman NG, Miyata H, Torres P, Lombardo D, Caramelo JJ, Ikawa M, Da Ros VG, Cuasnicú PS. Fertilization defects in sperm from Cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 (Crisp2) knockout mice: implications for fertility disorders. Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 22:240-51. [PMID: 26786179 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY HYPOTHESIS We hypothesize that fertility disorders in patients with aberrant expression of Cysteine-RIch Secretory Protein 2 (CRISP2) could be linked to the proposed functional role of this protein in fertilization. STUDY FINDING Our in vivo and in vitro observations reveal that Crisp2-knockout mice exhibit significant defects in fertility-associated parameters under demanding conditions, as well as deficiencies in sperm fertilizing ability, hyperactivation development and intracellular Ca(2+) regulation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Testicular CRISP2 is present in mature sperm and has been proposed to participate in gamete fusion in both humans and rodents. Interestingly, evidence in humans shows that aberrant expression of CRISP2 is associated with male infertility. STUDY DESIGN, SAMPLES/MATERIALS, METHODS A mouse line carrying a deletion in the sixth exon of the Crisp2 gene was generated. The analyses of the reproductive phenotype of Crisp2(-/-) adult males included the evaluation of their fertility before and after being subjected to unilateral vasectomy, in vivo fertilization rates obtained after mating with either estrus or superovulated females, in vitro sperm fertilizing ability and different sperm functional parameters associated with capacitation such as tyrosine phosphorylation (by western blot), acrosome reaction (by Coomassie Blue staining), hyperactivation (by computer-assisted sperm analysis) and intracellular Ca(2+) levels (by flow cytometry). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Crisp2(-/-) males presented normal fertility and in vivo fertilization rates when mated with estrus females. However, the mutant mice showed clear defects in those reproductive parameters compared with controls under more demanding conditions, i.e. when subjected to unilateral vasectomy to reduce the number of ejaculated sperm (n = 5; P< 0.05), or when mated with hormone-treated females containing a high number of eggs in the ampulla (n ≥ 5; P< 0.01). In vitro fertilization studies revealed that Crisp2(-/-) sperm exhibited deficiencies to penetrate the egg vestments (i.e. cumulus oophorus and zona pellucida) and to fuse with the egg (n ≥ 6; P< 0.01). Consistent with this, Crisp2-null sperm showed lower levels of hyperactivation (n = 7; P< 0.05), a vigorous motility required for penetration of the egg coats, as well as a dysregulation in intracellular Ca(2+) levels associated with capacitation (n = 5; P< 0.001). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The analysis of the possible mechanisms involved in fertility disorders in men with abnormal expression of CRISP2 was carried out in Crisp2 knockout mice due to the ethical and technical problems inherent to the use of human gametes for fertilization studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings in mice showing that Crisp2(-/-) males exhibit fertility and fertilization defects under demanding conditions support fertilization defects in sperm as a mechanism underlying infertility in men with aberrant expression of CRISP2. Moreover, our observations in mice resemble the situation in humans where fertility disorders can or cannot be detected depending on the accumulation of own individual defects or the fertility status of the partner. Finally, the fact that reproductive defects in mice are masked by conventional mating highlights the need of using different experimental approaches to analyze male fertility. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by the World Health Organization (H9/TSA/037), the National Research Council of Argentina (PIP 2009-290), the National Agency for Scientific and Technological Promotion of Argentina (PICT 2011, 2023) and the Rene Baron Foundation to P.S.C. and by the MEXT of Japan to M.I. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Brukman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - H Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - P Torres
- Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - D Lombardo
- Instituto de Investigación y Tecnología en Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - J J Caramelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica (FCEN-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - M Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - V G Da Ros
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - P S Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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Ito C, Toshimori K. Acrosome markers of human sperm. Anat Sci Int 2016; 91:128-42. [PMID: 26748928 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-015-0323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular biomarkers that can assess sperm acrosome status are very useful for evaluating sperm quality in the field of assisted reproductive technology. In this review, we introduce and discuss the localization and function of acrosomal proteins that have been well studied. Journal databases were searched using keywords, including "human acrosome", "localization", "fertilization-related protein", "acrosomal membrane", "acrosomal matrix", "acrosome reaction", "knockout mouse", and "acrosome marker".
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuru Ito
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kiyotaka Toshimori
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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Ernesto JI, Weigel Muñoz M, Battistone MA, Vasen G, Martínez-López P, Orta G, Figueiras-Fierro D, De la Vega-Beltran JL, Moreno IA, Guidobaldi HA, Giojalas L, Darszon A, Cohen DJ, Cuasnicú PS. CRISP1 as a novel CatSper regulator that modulates sperm motility and orientation during fertilization. J Cell Biol 2015; 210:1213-24. [PMID: 26416967 PMCID: PMC4586743 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201412041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca(2+)-dependent mechanisms are critical for successful completion of fertilization. Here, we demonstrate that CRISP1, a sperm protein involved in mammalian fertilization, is also present in the female gamete and capable of modulating key sperm Ca(2+) channels. Specifically, we show that CRISP1 is expressed by the cumulus cells that surround the egg and that fertilization of cumulus-oocyte complexes from CRISP1 knockout females is impaired because of a failure of sperm to penetrate the cumulus. We provide evidence that CRISP1 stimulates sperm orientation by modulating sperm hyperactivation, a vigorous motility required for penetration of the egg vestments. Moreover, patch clamping of sperm revealed that CRISP1 has the ability to regulate CatSper, the principal sperm Ca(2+) channel involved in hyperactivation and essential for fertility. Given the critical role of Ca(2+) for sperm motility, we propose a novel CRISP1-mediated fine-tuning mechanism to regulate sperm hyperactivation and orientation for successful penetration of the cumulus during fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Ernesto
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Weigel Muñoz
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María A Battistone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Vasen
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martínez-López
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos 62250, México
| | - Gerardo Orta
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos 62250, México
| | - Dulce Figueiras-Fierro
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos 62250, México
| | - José L De la Vega-Beltran
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos 62250, México
| | | | - Héctor A Guidobaldi
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Giojalas
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alberto Darszon
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelos 62250, México
| | - Débora J Cohen
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia S Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Jiang Q, Liu Y, Duan D, Gou M, Wang H, Wang J, Li Q, Xiao R. Anti-angiogenic activities of CRBGP from buccal glands of lampreys (Lampetra japonica). Biochimie 2015; 123:7-19. [PMID: 26616010 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs), characterized by 16 conserved cysteines, are distributed in a wide range of organisms, such as secernenteas, amphibians, reptiles and mammals. In the previous studies, a novel CRISP family member (cysteine-rich buccal gland protein, CRBGP) was separated from the buccal gland of lampreys (Lampetra japonica, L. japonica). Lamprey CRBGP could not only suppress depolarization-induced contraction of rat tail arterial smooth muscle, but also block voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). In the present study, the anti-angiogenic activities of lamprey CRBGP were investigated using endothelial cells and chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models. In vitro assays, lamprey CRBGP is able to induce human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis by disturbing the calcium homeostasis and mitochondria functions. In addition, lamprey CRBGP could inhibit proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion and tube formation of HUVECs by affecting the organization of F-actin and expression level of matrix metallo-proteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metallo-proteinase 9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) which are related to angiogenesis. In vivo assays, lamprey CRBGP could suppress the blood vessel formation in CAM models. Therefore, lamprey CRBGP is an important protein present in the buccal gland of lampreys and might help lampreys suppress the contraction of blood vessels, nociceptive responses and wound healing of host fishes during their feeding time. In addition, lamprey CRBGP might have the potential to act as an effective anti-angiogenic factor for the treatment of abnormal angiogenesis induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Dandan Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Meng Gou
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Jihong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China
| | - Qingwei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China.
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China; Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, PR China.
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Brangulis K, Jaudzems K, Petrovskis I, Akopjana I, Kazaks A, Tars K. Structural and functional analysis of BB0689 from Borrelia burgdorferi, a member of the bacterial CAP superfamily. J Struct Biol 2015; 192:320-330. [PMID: 26407658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease and is transmitted from infected Ixodes ticks to a mammalian host after a tick bite. The outer surface protein BB0689 from B. burgdorferi is up-regulated when the tick feeds, which indicates a potential role for BB0689 in Lyme disease pathogenesis. We have determined the crystal structure of BB0689, which revealed that the protein belongs to the CAP superfamily. Though the CAP domain is widespread in all three cellular domains of life, thus far the CAP domain has been studied only in eukaryotes, in which it is usually linked to certain other domains to form a multi-domain protein and is associated with the mammalian reproductive tract, the plant response to pathogens, venom allergens from insects and reptiles, and the growth of human brain tumors. Though the exact function of the isolated CAP domain remains ambiguous, several functions, including the binding of cholesterol, lipids and heparan sulfate, have been recently attributed to different CAP domain proteins. In this study, the bacterial CAP domain structure was analyzed and compared with the previously solved crystal structures of representative CAPs, and the function of BB0689 was examined. To determine the potential function of BB0689 and ascertain whether the functions that have been attributed to the CAP domain proteins are conserved, the binding of previously reported CAP domain interaction partners was analyzed, and the results suggested that BB0689 has a unique function that is yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ivars Petrovskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Kronvalda bulv. 4, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
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