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Cernooka E, Dislers A, Kazaks A. Revisiting host identification of bacteriophage Enc34: from biochemical to molecular. J Virol 2024; 98:e0173123. [PMID: 38329345 PMCID: PMC10949441 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01731-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In our 2012 genome announcement (J Virol 86:11403-11404, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01954-12), we initially identified the host bacterium of bacteriophage Enc34 as Enterobacter cancerogenus using biochemical tests. However, later in-house DNA sequencing revealed that the true host is a strain of Hafnia alvei. Capitalizing on our new DNA-sequencing capabilities, we also refined the genomic termini of Enc34, confirming a 60,496-bp genome with 12-nucleotide 5' cohesive ends. IMPORTANCE Our correction reflects the evolving landscape of bacterial identification, where molecular methods have supplanted traditional biochemical tests. This case underscores the significance of revisiting past identifications, as seemingly known bacterial strains may yield unexpected discoveries, necessitating essential updates to the scientific record. Despite the host identity correction, our genome announcement retains importance as the first complete genome sequence of a Hafnia alvei bacteriophage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Cernooka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Bogans J, Kazaks A, Tars K. Structural studies of chromosomally encoded outer surface lipoprotein BB0158 from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102287. [PMID: 38016210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Lyme disease, or also known as Lyme borreliosis, is caused by the spirochetes belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, which can enter the human body following the bite of an infected tick. Many membrane lipid-bound proteins, also known as lipoproteins, are located on the surface of B. burgdorferi sensu lato and play a crucial role in the spirochete to interact with its environment, whether in ticks or mammals. Since the spirochete needs to perform various tasks, such as resisting the host's immune system or spreading throughout the organism, it is not surprising that numerous surface proteins have been found to be essential for B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex bacteria in causing Lyme disease. In this study, we have determined (at 2.4 Å resolution) and characterized the 3D structure of BB0158, one of the few chromosomally encoded outer surface proteins from B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. BB0158 belongs to the paralogous gene family 44 (PFam44), consisting of four other members (BB0159, BBA04, BBE09 and BBK52). The characterization of BB0158, which appears to form a domain-swapped dimer, in conjunction with the characterization of the corresponding PFam44 members, certainly contribute to our understanding of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia.
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
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Leitans J, Kazaks A, Bogans J, Supuran CT, Akopjana I, Ivanova J, Zalubovskis R, Tars K. Structural Basis of Saccharin Derivative Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300454. [PMID: 37837260 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the binding mechanisms of saccharin derivatives with human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX), an antitumor drug target, with the aim of facilitating the design of potent and selective inhibitors. Through the use of crystallographic analysis, we investigate the structures of hCA IX-saccharin derivative complexes, unveiling their unique binding modes that exhibit both similarities to sulfonamides and distinct orientations of the ligand tail. Our comprehensive structural insights provide information regarding the crucial interactions between the ligands and the protein, shedding light on interactions that dictate inhibitor binding and selectivity. Through a comparative analysis of the binding modes observed in hCA II and hCA IX, isoform-specific interactions are identified, offering promising strategies for the development of isoform-selective inhibitors that specifically target tumor-associated hCA IX. The findings of this study significantly deepen our understanding of the binding mechanisms of hCA inhibitors, laying a solid foundation for the rational design of more effective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, 1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, 1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, 1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, 1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jekaterina Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, 1006, Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena iela 3, 1048, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, 1067, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, 1004, Riga, Latvia
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Pentjuss A, Bolmanis E, Suleiko A, Didrihsone E, Suleiko A, Dubencovs K, Liepins J, Kazaks A, Vanags J. Pichia pastoris growth-coupled heme biosynthesis analysis using metabolic modelling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15816. [PMID: 37739976 PMCID: PMC10516909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy leghemoglobin is one of the most important and key ingredients in plant-based meat substitutes that can imitate the colour and flavour of the meat. To improve the high-yield production of leghemoglobin protein and its main component-heme in the yeast Pichia pastoris, glycerol and methanol cultivation conditions were studied. Additionally, in-silico metabolic modelling analysis of growth-coupled enzyme quantity, suggests metabolic gene up/down-regulation strategies for heme production. First, cultivations and metabolic modelling analysis of P. pastoris were performed on glycerol and methanol in different growth media. Glycerol cultivation uptake and production rates can be increased by 50% according to metabolic modelling results, but methanol cultivation-is near the theoretical maximum. Growth-coupled metabolic optimisation results revealed the best feasible upregulation (33 reactions) (1.47% of total reactions) and 66 downregulation/deletion (2.98% of total) reaction suggestions. Finally, we describe reaction regulation suggestions with the highest potential to increase heme production yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agris Pentjuss
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Institute, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia.
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia.
| | - Emils Bolmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1 K-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Anastasija Suleiko
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
- Bioreactors.Net AS, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
| | - Elina Didrihsone
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
| | - Arturs Suleiko
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
- Bioreactors.Net AS, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
| | - Konstantins Dubencovs
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
- Bioreactors.Net AS, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
| | - Janis Liepins
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Institute, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1 K-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Juris Vanags
- Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
- Bioreactors.Net AS, Dzerbenes Street 27, Riga, 1006, Latvia
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Marcinkiewicz AL, Brangulis K, Dupuis AP, Hart TM, Zamba‐Campero M, Nowak TA, Stout JL, Akopjana I, Kazaks A, Bogans J, Ciota AT, Kraiczy P, Kolokotronis SO, Lin YP. Structural evolution of an immune evasion determinant shapes pathogen host tropism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301549120. [PMID: 37364114 PMCID: PMC10319004 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301549120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern infectious disease outbreaks often involve changes in host tropism, the preferential adaptation of pathogens to specific hosts. The Lyme disease-causing bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) is an ideal model to investigate the molecular mechanisms of host tropism, because different variants of these tick-transmitted bacteria are distinctly maintained in rodents or bird reservoir hosts. To survive in hosts and escape complement-mediated immune clearance, Bb produces the outer surface protein CspZ that binds the complement inhibitor factor H (FH) to facilitate bacterial dissemination in vertebrates. Despite high sequence conservation, CspZ variants differ in human FH-binding ability. Together with the FH polymorphisms between vertebrate hosts, these findings suggest that minor sequence variation in this bacterial outer surface protein may confer dramatic differences in host-specific, FH-binding-mediated infectivity. We tested this hypothesis by determining the crystal structure of the CspZ-human FH complex, and identifying minor variation localized in the FH-binding interface yielding bird and rodent FH-specific binding activity that impacts infectivity. Swapping the divergent region in the FH-binding interface between rodent- and bird-associated CspZ variants alters the ability to promote rodent- and bird-specific early-onset dissemination. We further linked these loops and respective host-specific, complement-dependent phenotypes with distinct CspZ phylogenetic lineages, elucidating evolutionary mechanisms driving host tropism emergence. Our multidisciplinary work provides a novel molecular basis for how a single, short protein motif could greatly modulate pathogen host tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Marcinkiewicz
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, RigaLV-1007, Latvia
| | - Alan P. Dupuis
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Thomas M. Hart
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Maxime Zamba‐Campero
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Tristan A. Nowak
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Jessica L. Stout
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, RigaLV-1067, Latvia
| | - Alexander T. Ciota
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
| | - Peter Kraiczy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt60596, Germany
| | - Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2098
- Institute for Genomics in Health, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY11203-2098
| | - Yi-Pin Lin
- New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY12208
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY12222
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Ivanova JN, Nocentini A, Ta Rs K, Leita Ns JN, Dvinskis E, Kazaks A, Domračeva I, Supuran CT, Žalubovskis R. Atropo/Tropo Flexibility: A Tool for Design and Synthesis of Self-Adaptable Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrases and Their Antiproliferative Effect. J Med Chem 2023; 66:5703-5718. [PMID: 37022308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report for the first time a series of sulfonamide derivatives with scaffolds bearing flexible moieties, namely, rotamers or tropoisomers capable of adapting their geometry in the active center of enzymes thus being effective and selective carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) enzyme inhibitors. All compounds exhibited effective in vitro inhibition activity toward the main hCA isoforms related to cancer (i.e., hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII with KI values in the low nanomolar range). Three selected compounds showed a great cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines ex vivo. X-ray crystallographic experiments assessed the binding modes of compound 35 with active centers of hCA IX and hCA XII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekateri Na Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Kaspars Ta Rs
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ja Nis Leita Ns
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Elviss Dvinskis
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilona Domračeva
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena iela 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
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Zrelovs N, Jansons J, Kazaka T, Kazaks A, Dislers A. Three Phages One Host: Isolation and Characterization of Pantoea agglomerans Phages from a Grasshopper Specimen. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031820. [PMID: 36768143 PMCID: PMC9915841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial genus Pantoea comprises species found in a variety of different environmental sources. Pantoea spp. are often recovered from plant material and are capable of both benefitting the plants and acting like phytopathogens. Some species of Pantoea (including P. agglomerans) are considered opportunistic human pathogens capable of causing various infections in immunocompromised subjects. In this study, a strain of P. agglomerans (identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing) was isolated from a dead specimen of an unidentified Latvian grasshopper species. The retrieved strain of P. agglomerans was then used as a host for the potential retrieval of phages from the same source material. After rounds of plaque purification and propagation, three high-titer lysates corresponding to putatively distinct phages were acquired. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that one of the phages was a myophage with an unusual morphology, while the two others were typical podophages. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for each of these isolated phages. Genome de novo assembly and subsequent functional annotation confirmed that three different strictly lytic phages were isolated. Elaborate genomic characterization of the acquired phages was performed to elucidate their place within the so-far-uncovered phage diversity.
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Cernooka E, Rumnieks J, Zrelovs N, Tars K, Kazaks A. Diversity of the lysozyme fold: structure of the catalytic domain from an unusual endolysin encoded by phage Enc34. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5005. [PMID: 35322067 PMCID: PMC8943055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endolysins are bacteriophage-encoded peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes with potential applications for treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Hafnia phage Enc34 encodes an unusual endolysin with an N-terminal enzymatically active domain and a C-terminal transmembrane domain. The catalytic domain of the endolysin belongs to the conserved protein family PHA02564 which has no recognizable sequence similarity to other known endolysin types. Turbidity reduction assays indicate that the Enc34 enzyme is active against peptidoglycan from a variety of Gram-negative bacteria including the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the Enc34 endolysin shows a distinctive all-helical architecture that distantly resembles the α-lobe of the lysozyme fold. Conserved catalytically important residues suggest a shared evolutionary history between the Enc34 endolysin and GH73 and GH23 family glycoside hydrolases and propose a molecular signature for substrate cleavage for a large group of peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Cernooka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Rumnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, 1004, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, 1067, Latvia.
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Zrelovs N, Lamsters K, Karuss J, Krievans M, Dislers A, Kazaks A. PVJ1 Is Not the First Tailed Temperate Phage Infecting Bacteria from Genus Psychrobacillus. Comment on Liu et al. Isolation and Characterization of the First Temperate Virus Infecting Psychrobacillus from Marine Sediments. Viruses 2022, 14, 108. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030495. [PMID: 35336902 PMCID: PMC8951557 DOI: 10.3390/v14030495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Kristaps Lamsters
- Polar Research Center, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (K.L.); (J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Janis Karuss
- Polar Research Center, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (K.L.); (J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maris Krievans
- Polar Research Center, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (K.L.); (J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (A.K.)
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (A.K.)
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Kivrane A, Igumnova V, Liepina EE, Skrastina D, Leonciks A, Rudevica Z, Kistkins S, Reinis A, Zilde A, Kazaks A, Ranka R. Development of rapid antigen test prototype for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples. Ups J Med Sci 2022; 127:8207. [PMID: 35284045 PMCID: PMC8886438 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v127.8207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of easy-to-perform diagnostic methods is highly important for detecting current coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This pilot study aimed at developing a lateral flow assay (LFA)-based test prototype to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus in saliva samples. METHODS Mice were immunized using the recombinant receptor-binding domain (rRBD) of SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein. The combinations of the obtained mouse anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) and several commercial antibodies directed against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to select antibody pairs for LFA. The antibody pairs were tested in a LFA format using saliva samples from individuals with early SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 9). The diagnostic performance of the developed LFA was evaluated using saliva samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n = 111); the median time from the onset of symptoms to sample collection was 10 days (0-24 days, interquartile range (IQR): 7-13). The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was used as a reference method. RESULTS Based on ELISA and preliminary LFA results, a combination of mouse anti-RBD PAbs (capture antibody) and rabbit anti-spike PAbs (detection antibody) was chosen for clinical analysis of sample. When compared with rRT-PCR results, LFA exhibited 26.5% sensitivity, 58.1% specificity, 50.0% positive prediction value (PPV), 33.3% negative prediction value (NPV), and 38.7% diagnostic accuracy. However, there was a reasonable improvement in assay specificity (85.7%) and PPV (91.7%) when samples were stratified based on the sampling time. CONCLUSION The developed LFA assay demonstrated a potential of SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva samples. Further technical assay improvements should be made to enhance diagnostic performance followed by a validation study in a larger cohort of both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients in the early stage of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnija Kivrane
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
- Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV1007, Latvia
| | - Viktorija Igumnova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
- Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV1007, Latvia
| | | | - Dace Skrastina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
| | - Ainars Leonciks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
| | - Zanna Rudevica
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
| | - Svjatoslavs Kistkins
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu street 13, Riga, LV1002, Latvia
| | - Aigars Reinis
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu street 13, Riga, LV1002, Latvia
| | - Anna Zilde
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu street 13, Riga, LV1002, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
| | - Renate Ranka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study centre, Ratsupites Street 1, k–1, Riga, LV1067, Latvia
- Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, LV1007, Latvia
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Zakšauskas A, Čapkauskaitė E, Paketurytė-Latvė V, Smirnov A, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Dvinskis E, Stančaitis L, Mickevičiūtė A, Jachno J, Jezepčikas L, Linkuvienė V, Sakalauskas A, Manakova E, Gražulis S, Matulienė J, Tars K, Matulis D. Methyl 2-Halo-4-Substituted-5-Sulfamoyl-Benzoates as High Affinity and Selective Inhibitors of Carbonic Anhydrase IX. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:130. [PMID: 35008553 PMCID: PMC8745178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the twelve catalytically active carbonic anhydrase isozymes present in the human body, the CAIX is highly overexpressed in various solid tumors. The enzyme acidifies the tumor microenvironment enabling invasion and metastatic processes. Therefore, many attempts have been made to design chemical compounds that would exhibit high affinity and selective binding to CAIX over the remaining eleven catalytically active CA isozymes to limit undesired side effects. It has been postulated that such drugs may have anticancer properties and could be used in tumor treatment. Here we have designed a series of compounds, methyl 5-sulfamoyl-benzoates, which bear a primary sulfonamide group, a well-known marker of CA inhibitors, and determined their affinities for all twelve CA isozymes. Variations of substituents on the benzenesulfonamide ring led to compound 4b, which exhibited an extremely high observed binding affinity to CAIX; the Kd was 0.12 nM. The intrinsic dissociation constant, where the binding-linked protonation reactions have been subtracted, reached 0.08 pM. The compound also exhibited more than 100-fold selectivity over the remaining CA isozymes. The X-ray crystallographic structure of compound 3b bound to CAIX showed the structural position, while several structures of compounds bound to other CA isozymes showed structural reasons for compound selectivity towards CAIX. Since this series of compounds possess physicochemical properties suitable for drugs, they may be developed for anticancer therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrius Zakšauskas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Edita Čapkauskaitė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Vaida Paketurytė-Latvė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Alexey Smirnov
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (E.D.); (K.T.)
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (E.D.); (K.T.)
| | - Elviss Dvinskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (E.D.); (K.T.)
| | - Laimonas Stančaitis
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Aurelija Mickevičiūtė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Jelena Jachno
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Linas Jezepčikas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Vaida Linkuvienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Andrius Sakalauskas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Elena Manakova
- Department of Protein—DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Department of Protein—DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Jurgita Matulienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (E.D.); (K.T.)
| | - Daumantas Matulis
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.Z.); (E.Č.); (V.P.-L.); (A.S.); (L.S.); (A.M.); (J.J.); (L.J.); (V.L.); (A.S.); (J.M.)
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12
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Amos H, Chng B, Kazaks A, Evezich M. Registered Dietitian Nutritionists’ Experience and Confidence with Gluten-free Diet: A Cross Sectional Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Zrelovs N, Dislers A, Kazaks A. Genome Characterization of Nocturne116, Novel Lactococcus lactis-Infecting Phage Isolated from Moth. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1540. [PMID: 34361975 PMCID: PMC8306868 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
While looking for novel insect-associated phages, a unique siphophage, Nocturne116, was isolated from a deceased local moth specimen along with its host, which was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as a strain of Lactococcus lactis. Next-generation sequencing and the subsequent genome annotation elaborated on herein revealed that the genome of Nocturne116 is a 25,554 bp long dsDNA molecule with 10 bp long 3' cos overhangs and a GC content of 37.99%, comprising 52 predicted open reading frames. The complete nucleotide sequence of phage Nocturne116 genome is dissimilar to any of the already sequenced phages, save for a distant link with Lactococcus phage Q54. Functions for only 15/52 of Nocturne116 gene products could be reliably predicted using contemporary comparative genomics approaches, while 22 of its gene products do not yet have any homologous entries in the public biological sequence repositories. Despite the public availability of nearly 350 elucidated Lactococcus phage complete genomes as of now, Nocturne116 firmly stands out as a sole representative of novel phage genus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia;
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14
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Jaudzems K, Kirsteina A, Schubeis T, Casano G, Ouari O, Bogans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Lesage A, Pintacuda G. Struktur eines an virusähnliche Partikel gekoppelten Antigens: Analyse einer Impfstoff‐Formulierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 Riga LV-1006 Lettland
| | - Anna Kirsteina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Ratsupites 1 k1 Riga LV-1067 Lettland
| | - Tobias Schubeis
- Very High Field NMR Center of Lyon – UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCB Lyon 1) University of Lyon F-69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
| | - Gilles Casano
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire Universität Aix-Marseille F-13013 Marseille Frankreich
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire Universität Aix-Marseille F-13013 Marseille Frankreich
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Ratsupites 1 k1 Riga LV-1067 Lettland
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Ratsupites 1 k1 Riga LV-1067 Lettland
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre Ratsupites 1 k1 Riga LV-1067 Lettland
| | - Anne Lesage
- Very High Field NMR Center of Lyon – UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCB Lyon 1) University of Lyon F-69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Very High Field NMR Center of Lyon – UMR 5082 CNRS ENS Lyon UCB Lyon 1) University of Lyon F-69100 Villeurbanne Frankreich
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15
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Jaudzems K, Kirsteina A, Schubeis T, Casano G, Ouari O, Bogans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Lesage A, Pintacuda G. Structural Analysis of an Antigen Chemically Coupled on Virus-Like Particles in Vaccine Formulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12847-12851. [PMID: 33750007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Structure determination of adjuvant-coupled antigens is essential for rational vaccine development but has so far been hampered by the relatively low antigen content in vaccine formulations and by their heterogeneous composition. Here we show that magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR can be used to assess the structure of the influenza virus hemagglutinin stalk long alpha helix antigen, both in its free, unformulated form and once chemically coupled to the surface of large virus-like particles (VLPs). The sensitivity boost provided by high-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and proton detection at fast MAS rates allows to overcome the penalty associated with the antigen dilution. Comparison of the MAS NMR fingerprints between the free and VLP-coupled forms of the antigen provides structural evidence of the conservation of its native fold upon bioconjugation. This work demonstrates that high-sensitivity MAS NMR is ripe to play a major role in vaccine design, formulation studies, and manufacturing process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga, LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Anna Kirsteina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Tobias Schubeis
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon-UMR 5082 (CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Casano
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, AixMarseille Université, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, AixMarseille Université, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon-UMR 5082 (CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs de Lyon-UMR 5082 (CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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16
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Zrelovs N, Dislers A, Kazaks A. Corrigendum: Motley Crew: Overview of the Currently Available Phage Diversity. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:626744. [PMID: 33488568 PMCID: PMC7816127 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.626744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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17
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Cernooka E, Rumnieks J, Kazaks A. Structural Characterization of a Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein: A Case Study of the ORF6 Protein from Bacteriophage Enc34. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2281:343-373. [PMID: 33847971 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1290-3_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the quest to understand how single-stranded DNA-binding proteins function and evolve at a molecular level, determination of their high-resolution three-dimensional structure using methods such as X-ray crystallography is indispensable. Here we present a collection of methods used in crystallographic studies of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein from the bacteriophage Enc34, from designing expression constructs through to protein production, purification, and crystallization, to determination and analysis of the protein's three-dimensional structure. The chapter aims to shed light on all the essential stages in a structural study of a single-stranded DNA-binding protein, with a spotlight on procedures specific to X-ray crystallography to aid those interested in venturing into structural biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Cernooka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Rumnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.
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18
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Abstract
The first complete genome that was sequenced at the beginning of the sequencing era was that of a phage, since then researchers throughout the world have been steadily describing and publishing genomes from a wide array of phages, uncovering the secrets of the most abundant and diverse biological entities known to man. Currently, we are experiencing an unprecedented rate of novel bacteriophage discovery, which can be seen from the fact that the amount of complete bacteriophage genome entries in public sequence repositories has more than doubled in the past 3 years and is steadily growing without showing any sign of slowing down. The amount of publicly available phage genome-related data can be overwhelming and has been summarized in literature before but quickly becomes out of date. Thus, the aim of this paper is to briefly outline currently available phage diversity data for public acknowledgment that could possibly encourage and stimulate future “depth” studies of particular groups of phages or their gene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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19
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Dudutienė V, Zubrienė A, Kairys V, Smirnov A, Smirnovienė J, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Manakova L, Gražulis S, Matulis D. Isoform-Selective Enzyme Inhibitors by Exploring Pocket Size According to the Lock-and-Key Principle. Biophys J 2020; 119:1513-1524. [PMID: 32971003 PMCID: PMC7642266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the design of high-affinity and enzyme isoform-selective inhibitors, we applied an approach of augmenting the substituents attached to the benzenesulfonamide scaffold in three ways, namely, substitutions at the 3,5- or 2,4,6-positions or expansion of the condensed ring system. The increased size of the substituents determined the spatial limitations of the active sites of the 12 catalytically active human carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms until no binding was observed because of the inability of the compounds to fit in the active site. This approach led to the discovery of high-affinity and high-selectivity compounds for the anticancer target CA IX and antiobesity target CA VB. The x-ray crystallographic structures of compounds bound to CA IX showed the positions of the bound compounds, whereas computational modeling confirmed that steric clashes prevent the binding of these compounds to other isoforms and thus avoid undesired side effects. Such an approach, based on the Lock-and-Key principle, could be used for the development of enzyme-specific drug candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginija Dudutienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Zubrienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Visvaldas Kairys
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexey Smirnov
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Joana Smirnovienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Lena Manakova
- Department of Protein-DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Department of Protein-DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daumantas Matulis
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Douglass P, Kazaks A, Gordon W. Assessing Registered Dietitian Nutritionists' Knowledge Regarding Nutrition and Health Care for Transgender and Gender Non-Binary (TGGNB) Individuals. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.06.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Zrelovs N, Dislers A, Kazaks A. Novel Erwinia persicina Infecting Phage Midgardsormr38 Within the Context of Temperate Erwinia Phages. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1245. [PMID: 32636815 PMCID: PMC7317114 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prophages or prophage remnants are found in chromosomes of many bacterial strains and might increase the environmental fitness and/or virulence of their hosts. Up to this date, complete genome sequences of only seven temperate bacteriophages infecting bacteria from genus Erwinia, comprising of mostly phytopathogenic bacteria, are available publicly. No attempts to analyze the global diversity of temperate Erwinia phages and establish relationships between cultured temperate Erwinia phages and prophages were yet made. In this study, we have isolated, sequenced, and described novel Erwinia persicina infecting bacteriophage "Midgardsormr38" and placed it in the context of previously described Erwinia sp. temperate phages and putative prophages derived from chromosomes of publicly available complete genomes of Erwinia sp. to broaden and investigate diversity of temperate Erwinia phages based on their genomic contents. The study revealed more than 50 prophage or prophage remnant regions in the genomes of different Erwinia species. At least 5 of them seemed to be intact and might represent novel inducible Erwinia phages. Given the enormous bacteriophage diversity, attempts to establish evolutionary relationships between temperate Erwinia phages revealed at least five different clusters of temperate phages sharing higher degree of similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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22
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Kirsteina A, Akopjana I, Bogans J, Lieknina I, Jansons J, Skrastina D, Kazaka T, Tars K, Isakova-Sivak I, Mezhenskaya D, Kotomina T, Matyushenko V, Rudenko L, Kazaks A. Construction and Immunogenicity of a Novel Multivalent Vaccine Prototype Based on Conserved Influenza Virus Antigens. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020197. [PMID: 32344753 PMCID: PMC7349063 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza, an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease, remains a significant threat to public health. More effective vaccination strategies aimed at inducing broad cross-protection not only against seasonal influenza variants, but also zoonotic and emerging pandemic influenza strains are urgently needed. A number of conserved protein targets to elicit such cross-protective immunity have been under investigation, with long alpha-helix (LAH) from hemagglutinin stalk and ectodomain of matrix protein 2 ion channel (M2e) being the most studied ones. Recently, we have reported the three-dimensional structure and some practical applications of LAH expressed in Escherichia coli system (referred to as tri-stalk protein). In the present study, we investigated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a panel of broadly protective influenza vaccine prototypes based on both influenza tri-stalk and triple M2e (3M2e) antigens integrated into phage AP205 virus-like particles (VLPs). While VLPs containing the 3M2e alone induced protection against standard homologous and heterologous virus challenge in mice, only the combination of both conserved influenza antigens into a single VLP fully protected mice from a high-dose homologous H1N1 influenza infection. We propose that a combination of genetic fusion and chemical coupling techniques to expose two different foreign influenza antigens on a single particle is a perspective approach for generation of a broadly-effective vaccine candidate that could protect against the constantly emerging influenza virus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kirsteina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Ilva Lieknina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Juris Jansons
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Dace Skrastina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Tatjana Kazaka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Irina Isakova-Sivak
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia; (I.I.-S.); (D.M.); (T.K.); (V.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Daria Mezhenskaya
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia; (I.I.-S.); (D.M.); (T.K.); (V.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Tatiana Kotomina
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia; (I.I.-S.); (D.M.); (T.K.); (V.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Victoria Matyushenko
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia; (I.I.-S.); (D.M.); (T.K.); (V.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Larisa Rudenko
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russia; (I.I.-S.); (D.M.); (T.K.); (V.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (I.A.); (J.B.); (I.L.); (J.J.); (D.S.); (T.K.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Hargunani P, Tadge N, Ceruso M, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Gratteri P, Supuran CT, Nocentini A, Toraskar MP. Aryl-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide Derivatives Bearing a Sulfonamide Moiety Show Single-digit Nanomolar-to-Subnanomolar Inhibition Constants against the Tumor-associated Human Carbonic Anhydrases IX and XII. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072621. [PMID: 32283813 PMCID: PMC7177888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 3-phenyl-5-aryl-N-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamide derivatives was designed here, synthesized, and studied for carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory activity against the human (h) isozymes I, II, and VII (cytosolic, off-target isoforms), and IX and XII (anticancer drug targets). Generally, CA I was not effectively inhibited, whereas effective inhibitors were identified against both CAs II (KIs in the range of 5.2–233 nM) and VII (KIs in the range of 2.3–350 nM). Nonetheless, CAs IX and XII were the most susceptible isoforms to this class of inhibitors. In particular, compounds bearing an unsubstituted phenyl ring at the pyrazoline 3 position showed 1.3–1.5 nM KIs against CA IX. In contrast, a subset of derivatives having a 4-halo-phenyl at the same position of the aromatic scaffold even reached subnanomolar KIs against CA XII (0.62–0.99 nM). Docking studies with CA IX and XII were used to shed light on the derivative binding mode driving the preferential inhibition of the tumor-associated CAs. The identified potent and selective CA IX/XII inhibitors are of interest as leads for the development of new anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Hargunani
- Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai 400 614, India; (P.H.); (N.T.)
| | - Nikhil Tadge
- Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai 400 614, India; (P.H.); (N.T.)
| | - Mariangela Ceruso
- Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (P.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (J.L.); (A.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (P.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (P.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Dept., Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (M.C.); (P.G.); (C.T.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.P.T.)
| | - Mrunmayee P. Toraskar
- Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai 400 614, India; (P.H.); (N.T.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.P.T.)
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24
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Zakšauskas A, Čapkauskaitė E, Jezepčikas L, Linkuvienė V, Paketurytė V, Smirnov A, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Dvinskis E, Manakova E, Gražulis S, Tars K, Matulis D. Halogenated and di-substituted benzenesulfonamides as selective inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase isoforms. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 185:111825. [PMID: 31740053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
By applying an approach of a "ring with two tails", a series of novel inhibitors possessing high-affinity and significant selectivity towards selected carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms has been designed. The "ring" consists of 2-chloro/bromo-benzenesulfonamide, where the sulfonamide group is as an anchor coordinating the Zn(II) in the active site of CAs, and halogen atom orients the ring affecting the affinity and selectivity. First "tail" is a substituent containing carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, ether groups or hydrophilic amide linkage. The second "tail" contains aryl- or alkyl-substituents attached through a sulfanyl or sulfonyl group. Both "tails" are connected to the benzene ring and play a crucial role in selectivity. Varying the substituents, we designed compounds selective for CA VII, CA IX, CA XII, or CA XIV. Since due to binding-linked protonation reactions the binding-ready fractions of the compound and protein are much lower than one, the "intrinsic" affinities were calculated that should be used to study correlations between crystal structures and the thermodynamics of binding for rational drug design. The "intrinsic" affinities together with the intrinsic enthalpies and entropies of binding together with co-crystal structures were used demonstrate structural factors determining major contributions for compound affinity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrius Zakšauskas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Edita Čapkauskaitė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Linas Jezepčikas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Linkuvienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Paketurytė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Alexey Smirnov
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV, 1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV, 1067, Latvia
| | - Elviss Dvinskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV, 1067, Latvia
| | - Elena Manakova
- Department of Protein - DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Gražulis
- Department of Protein - DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV, 1067, Latvia
| | - Daumantas Matulis
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius, LT, 10257, Lithuania.
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25
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Zrelovs N, Cernooka E, Dislers A, Kazaks A. Isolation and characterization of the novel Virgibacillus-infecting bacteriophage Mimir87. Arch Virol 2019; 165:737-741. [PMID: 31875246 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The novel bacterial virus Mimir87, infecting the salt-tolerant bacterium Virgibacillus halotolerans, was isolated from worker honey bees. Mimir87 has an elongated head and a long non-contractile tail consistent with members of the Siphoviridae phage family. The phage genome comprises 48,016 base pairs and encodes 68 predicted proteins, to 34 of which a function could be assigned from homology analysis. The phage encodes two metabolism-related transporter proteins previously not observed in bacteriophage genomes. Mimir87 displays some relatedness to several Bacillus and Paenibacillus viruses; however, the overall sequence dissimilarity suggests Mimir87 to be a representative of a new phage genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Zrelovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Elina Cernooka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Dislers
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
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26
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Zelencova D, Jekabsons A, Jaudzems K, Tars K. BBE31 from the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi, known to play an important role in successful colonization of the mammalian host, shows the ability to bind glutathione. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129499. [PMID: 31785327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is a tick-borne infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex spirochetes. The spirochete is located in the gut of the tick; as the infected tick starts the blood meal, the spirochete must travel through the hemolymph to the salivary glands, where it can spread to and infect the new host organism. In this study, we determined the crystal structures of the key outer surface protein BBE31 from B. burgdorferi and its orthologous protein BSE31 (BSPA14S_RS05060 gene product) from B. spielmanii. BBE31 is known to be important for the transfer of B. burgdorferi from the gut to the hemolymph in the tick after a tick bite. While BBE31 exerts its function by interacting with the Ixodes scapularis tick gut protein TRE31, structural and mass spectrometry data revealed that BBE31 has a glutathione (GSH) covalently attached to Cys142 suggesting that the protein may have acquired some additional functions in contrast to its orthologous protein BSE31, which lacks any interactions with GSH. In the current study, in addition to analyzing the potential reasons for GSH binding, the three-dimensional structure of BBE31 provides new insights into the molecular details of the transmission process as the protein plays an important role in the initial phase before the spirochete is physically transferred to the new host. This knowledge will be potentially used for the development of new strategies to fight against Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradins University, Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ivars Petrovskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Diana Zelencova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Atis Jekabsons
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Faculty of Biology, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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27
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Jekabsons A, Jaudzems K, Viksna A, Bertins M, Tars K. Structural analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi periplasmic lipoprotein BB0365 involved in Lyme disease infection. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:317-326. [PMID: 31486526 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The periplasmic lipoprotein BB0365 of the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi is expressed throughout mammalian infection and is essential for all phases of Lyme disease infection; its function, however, remains unknown. In the current study, our structural analysis of BB0365 revealed the same structural fold as that found in the NqrC and RnfG subunits of the NADH:quinone and ferredoxin:NAD+ sodium-translocating oxidoreductase complexes, which points to a potential role for BB0365 as a component of the sodium pump. Additionally, BB0365 coordinated Zn2+ by the His51, His55, His140 residues, and the Zn2+ -binding site indicates that BB0365 could act as a potential metalloenzyme; therefore, this structure narrows down the potential functions of BB0365, an essential protein for B. burgdorferi to cause Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Arturs Viksna
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maris Bertins
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.,Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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28
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Kazaks A, Tars K. Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of the major virulence factor BB0323 from the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2019; 75:825-830. [PMID: 31478905 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798319010751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Lyme disease is an infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi after it is transmitted to a mammalian organism during a tick blood meal. B. burgdorferi encodes at least 140 lipoproteins located on the outer or inner membrane, thus facing the surroundings or the periplasmic space, respectively. However, most of the predicted lipoproteins are of unknown function, and only a few proteins are known to be essential for the persistence and virulence of the pathogen. One such protein is the periplasmic BB0323, which is indispensable for B. burgdorferi to cause Lyme disease and the function of which is associated with cell fission and outer membrane integrity. After expression and transport to the periplasm, BB0323 is cleaved into C-terminal and N-terminal domains by the periplasmic serine protease BB0104. The resulting N-terminal domain is sufficient to ensure the survival of B. burgdorferi throughout the mouse-tick infection cycle. The crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of BB0323 was determined at 2.35 Å resolution. The overall fold of the protein belongs to the spectrin superfamily, with the characteristic interconnected triple-helical bundles known as spectrin repeats that function as linkers between different cell components in other organisms. Overall, the reported three-dimensional structure of the N-terminal domain of BB0323 not only reveals the molecular details of a protein that is essential for B. burgdorferi membrane integrity, cell fission and infectivity, but also suggests that spectrin repeats in bacteria are not limited to the EzrA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
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29
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Tars K. Crystal structure of Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein BBA69 in comparison to the paralogous protein CspA. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2019; 10:1135-1141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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30
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Buğday N, Küçükbay FZ, Küçükbay H, Bua S, Bartolucci G, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Supuran CT. Synthesis of novel dipeptide sulfonamide conjugates with effective carbonic anhydrase I, II, IX, and XII inhibitory properties. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:311-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Lu IN, Kirsteina A, Farinelle S, Willieme S, Tars K, Muller CP, Kazaks A. Structure and applications of novel influenza HA tri-stalk protein for evaluation of HA stem-specific immunity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204776. [PMID: 30261065 PMCID: PMC6160157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Long alpha helix (LAH) from influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) stem or stalk domain is one of the most conserved influenza virus antigens. Expression of N-terminally extended LAH in E. coli leads to assembly of α-h elical homotrimer which is structurally nearly identical to the corresponding region of post-fusion form of native HA. This novel tri-stalk protein was able to differentiate between group 1 and 2 influenza in ELISA with virus-infected mice sera. It was also successfully applied for enzyme-linked immunospot assay to estimate the number of HA stem-reactive antibody (Ab)-secreting cells in mice. An in-house indirect ELISA was developed using a HA tri-stalk protein as a coating antigen for evaluation of HA stem-specific Ab levels in human sera collected in Luxembourg from 211 persons with occupational exposure to swine before the pandemic H1N1/09 virus had spread to Western Europe. Our results show that 70% of these pre-pandemic sera are positive for HA stem-specific Abs. In addition, levels of HA stem-specific Abs have positive correlation with the corresponding IgG titers and neutralizing activities against pandemic H1N1/09 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Na Lu
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anna Kirsteina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Sophie Farinelle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Stéphanie Willieme
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claude P Muller
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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Kazaks A, Crowder-Woods R, Harris C, Savery P. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Diversity Goal in Accredited Programs. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.06.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Brangulis K, Akopjana I, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Kraiczy P, Tars K. Crystal structure of the membrane attack complex assembly inhibitor BGA71 from the Lyme disease agent Borrelia bavariensis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11286. [PMID: 30050126 PMCID: PMC6062577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Borrelia (B.) bavariensis, B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garinii, B. spielmanii, and B. mayonii are the causative agents in Lyme disease. Lyme disease spirochetes reside in infected Ixodes ticks and are transferred to mammalian hosts during tick feeding. Once transmitted, spirochetes must overcome the first line of defense of the innate immune system either by binding complement regulators or by terminating the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC). In B. bavariensis, the proteins BGA66 and BGA71 inhibit complement activation by interacting with the late complement components C7, C8, and C9, as well as with the formed MAC. In this study, we have determined the crystal structure of the potent MAC inhibitor BGA71 at 2.9 Ǻ resolution. The structure revealed a cysteine cross-linked homodimer. Based on the crystal structure of BGA71 and the structure-based sequence alignment with CspA from B. burgdorferi, we have proposed a potential binding site for C7 and C9, both of which are constituents of the formed MAC. Our results shed light on the molecular mechanism of immune evasion developed by the human pathogenic Borrelia species to overcome innate immunity. These results will aid in the understanding of Lyme disease pathogenesis and pave the way for the development of new strategies to prevent Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia. .,Riga Stradins University, Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007, Riga, Latvia.
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ivars Petrovskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Peter Kraiczy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 40, D-60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia, Faculty of Biology, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004, Riga, Latvia
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34
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Gul HI, Yamali C, Sakagami H, Angeli A, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Ozgun DO, Supuran CT. New anticancer drug candidates sulfonamides as selective hCA IX or hCA XII inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 77:411-419. [PMID: 29427856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new 4-[3-(aryl)-5-substitutedphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]benzensulfonamides (19-36) were synthesized and evaluated their cytotoxic/anticancer and CA inhibitory effects. According to results obtained, the compounds 34 (4-[5-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl] benzensulfonamide, Potency-Selectivity Expression (PSE) = 141) and 36 (4-[5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]benzensulfonamide, PSE = 54.5) were found the leader anticancer compounds with the highest PSE values. In CA inhibitory studies, the compounds 36 and 24 (4-[5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-yl]benzensulfonamide) were found the leader CA inhibitors depending on selectivity ratios. The compound 36 was a selective inhibitor of hCA XII isoenzyme (hCA I/hCA XII = 1250 and hCA II/hCA XII = 224) while the compound 24 was a selective inhibitor of hCA IX isoenzyme (hCA I/hCA IX = 161 and hCA II/hCA IX = 177). The compounds 24, 34, and 36 can be considered to develop new anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halise Inci Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Cem Yamali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienza Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Dilan Ozmen Ozgun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri 04100, Turkey
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienza Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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35
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Cernooka E, Rumnieks J, Tars K, Kazaks A. Structural Basis for DNA Recognition of a Single-stranded DNA-binding Protein from Enterobacter Phage Enc34. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15529. [PMID: 29138440 PMCID: PMC5686142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern DNA sequencing capabilities have led to the discovery of a large number of new bacteriophage genomes, which are a rich source of novel proteins with an unidentified biological role. The genome of Enterobacter cancerogenus bacteriophage Enc34 contains several proteins of unknown function that are nevertheless conserved among distantly related phages. Here, we report the crystal structure of a conserved Enc34 replication protein ORF6 which contains a domain of unknown function DUF2815. Despite the low (~15%) sequence identity, the Enc34 ORF6 structurally resembles the gene 2.5 protein from bacteriophage T7, and likewise is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding protein (SSB) that consists of a variation of the oligosaccharide/oligonucleotide-binding (OB)-fold and an unstructured C-terminal segment. We further report the crystal structure of a C-terminally truncated ORF6 in complex with an ssDNA oligonucleotide that reveals a DNA-binding mode involving two aromatic stacks and multiple electrostatic interactions, with implications for a common ssDNA recognition mechanism for all T7-type SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Cernooka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Rumnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia.
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
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36
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Kazaks A, Lu IN, Farinelle S, Ramirez A, Crescente V, Blaha B, Ogonah O, Mukhopadhyay T, de Obanos MP, Krimer A, Akopjana I, Bogans J, Ose V, Kirsteina A, Kazaka T, Stonehouse NJ, Rowlands DJ, Muller CP, Tars K, Rosenberg WM. Production and purification of chimeric HBc virus-like particles carrying influenza virus LAH domain as vaccine candidates. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:79. [PMID: 29126399 PMCID: PMC5681787 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The lack of a universal influenza vaccine is a global health problem. Interest is now focused on structurally conserved protein domains capable of eliciting protection against a broad range of influenza virus strains. The long alpha helix (LAH) is an attractive vaccine component since it is one of the most conserved influenza hemagglutinin (HA) stalk regions. For an improved immune response, the LAH domain from H3N2 strain has been incorporated into virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from hepatitis B virus core protein (HBc) using recently developed tandem core technology. Results Fermentation conditions for recombinant HBc-LAH were established in yeast Pichia pastoris and a rapid and efficient purification method for chimeric VLPs was developed to match the requirements for industrial scale-up. Purified VLPs induced strong antibody responses against both group 1 and group 2 HA proteins in mice. Conclusion Our results indicate that the tandem core technology is a useful tool for incorporation of highly hydrophobic LAH domain into HBc VLPs. Chimeric VLPs can be successfully produced in bioreactor using yeast expression system. Immunologic data indicate that HBc VLPs carrying the LAH antigen represent a promising universal influenza vaccine component. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12896-017-0396-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.
| | - I-Na Lu
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sophie Farinelle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alex Ramirez
- iQur Limited, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK
| | | | - Benjamin Blaha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Olotu Ogonah
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tarit Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mapi Perez de Obanos
- 3P Biopharmaceuticals SL, Calle Mocholi 2 Poligono Mocholi, Noain, 31110, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Krimer
- 3P Biopharmaceuticals SL, Calle Mocholi 2 Poligono Mocholi, Noain, 31110, Navarra, Spain
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Bogans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Velta Ose
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Anna Kirsteina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Tatjana Kazaka
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | | | - David J Rowlands
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Claude P Muller
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, LV-1067, Latvia.,Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - William M Rosenberg
- iQur Limited, 2 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0NH, UK.,Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Campus, NW3 2PF, London, UK
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37
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Pustenko A, Stepanovs D, Žalubovskis R, Vullo D, Kazaks A, Leitans J, Tars K, Supuran CT. 3H-1,2-benzoxathiepine 2,2-dioxides: a new class of isoform-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:767-775. [PMID: 28537099 PMCID: PMC6445229 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1316720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A new chemotype with carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory action has been discovered, the homo-sulfocoumarins (3H-1,2-benzoxathiepine 2,2-dioxides) which have been designed considering the (sulfo)coumarins as lead molecules. An original synthetic strategy of a panel of such derivatives led to compounds with a unique inhibitory profile and very high selectivity for the inhibition of the tumour associated (CA IX/XII) over the cytosolic (CA I/II) isoforms. Although the CA inhibition mechanism with these new compounds is unknown for the moment, we hypothesize that it may be similar to that of the sulfocoumarins, i.e. hydrolysis to the corresponding sulfonic acids which thereafter anchor to the zinc-coordinated water molecule within the enzyme active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandrs Pustenko
- a Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Riga , Latvia.,b Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry , Riga Technical University , Riga , Latvia
| | | | | | - Daniela Vullo
- c Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
| | - Andris Kazaks
- d Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Riga , Latvia
| | - Janis Leitans
- d Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Riga , Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- e Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology , University of Latvia , Riga , Latvia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- f Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy
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38
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Bianco G, Meleddu R, Distinto S, Cottiglia F, Gaspari M, Melis C, Corona A, Angius R, Angeli A, Taverna D, Alcaro S, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Supuran CT, Maccioni E. N-Acylbenzenesulfonamide Dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole Hybrids: Seeking Selectivity toward Carbonic Anhydrase Isoforms. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:792-796. [PMID: 28835790 PMCID: PMC5554910 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
A series
of N-acylbenzenesulfonamide dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole
hybrids (EMAC8000a–m) was designed and synthesized
with the aim to target tumor associated carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isoforms
IX and XII. Most of the compounds were selective inhibitors of the
tumor associated hCA XII. Moreover, resolution of EMAC8000d racemic mixture led to the isolation of the levorotatory eutomer
exhibiting an increase of hCA XII inhibition potency and selectivity
with respect to hCA II. Computational studies corroborated these data.
Overall our data indicate that both substitution pattern and stereochemistry
of dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole could be considered as key factors to
determine activity and selectivity toward hCA isozymes. These results
can provide further indication for the design and optimization of
selective hCA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bianco
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rita Meleddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Simona Distinto
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filippo Cottiglia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental
and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Melis
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rossella Angius
- Laboratorio NMR e Tecnologie Bioanalitiche, Sardegna Ricerche, 09010 Pula (CA), Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Domenico Taverna
- Department of Experimental
and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Græcia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Campus ‘S. Venuta’,
Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites
1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites
1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites
1, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Elias Maccioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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39
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Ivanova J, Carta F, Vullo D, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Žalubovskis R, Supuran CT. N-Substituted and ring opened saccharin derivatives selectively inhibit transmembrane, tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases IX and XII. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3583-3589. [PMID: 28416101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of N-substituted saccharins incorporating aryl, alkyl and alkynyl moieties, as well as some ring opened derivatives were prepared and investigated as inhibitors of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). The widespread cytosolic isoforms CA I and II were not inhibited by these sulfonamides whereas transmembrane, tumor-associated ones were effectively inhibited, with KIs in the range of 22.1-481nM for CA IX and of 3.9-245nM for hCA XII. Although the inhibition mechanism of these tertiary/secondary sulfonamides is unknown for the moment, the good efficacy and especially selectivity for the inhibition of the tumor-associated over the cytosolic, widespread isoforms, make these derivatives of considerable interest as enzyme inhibitors with various pharmacologic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterīna Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia; Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena Str. 3/7, Riga LV-1048, Latvia
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Janis Leitans
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Raivis Žalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Str. 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia; Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena Str. 3/7, Riga LV-1048, Latvia.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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40
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Shishovs M, Rumnieks J, Diebolder C, Jaudzems K, Andreas LB, Stanek J, Kazaks A, Kotelovica S, Akopjana I, Pintacuda G, Koning RI, Tars K. Structure of AP205 Coat Protein Reveals Circular Permutation in ssRNA Bacteriophages. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:4267-4279. [PMID: 27591890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AP205 is a single-stranded RNA bacteriophage that has a coat protein sequence not similar to any other known single-stranded RNA phage. Here, we report an atomic-resolution model of the AP205 virus-like particle based on a crystal structure of an unassembled coat protein dimer and a cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the assembled particle, together with secondary structure information from site-specific solid-state NMR data. The AP205 coat protein dimer adopts the conserved Leviviridae coat protein fold except for the N-terminal region, which forms a beta-hairpin in the other known single-stranded RNA phages. AP205 has a similar structure at the same location formed by N- and C-terminal beta-strands, making it a circular permutant compared to the other coat proteins. The permutation moves the coat protein termini to the most surface-exposed part of the assembled particle, which explains its increased tolerance to long N- and C-terminal fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihails Shishovs
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Rumnieks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Christoph Diebolder
- Netherlands Centre for Electron Nanoscopy, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (UMR 5280 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Loren B Andreas
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (UMR 5280 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jan Stanek
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (UMR 5280 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Svetlana Kotelovica
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Guido Pintacuda
- Université de Lyon, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (UMR 5280 - CNRS, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Roman I Koning
- Netherlands Centre for Electron Nanoscopy, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Postal Zone S1-P, P.O.Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Rātsupītes 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia; Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.
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41
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Koning RI, Gomez-Blanco J, Akopjana I, Vargas J, Kazaks A, Tars K, Carazo JM, Koster AJ. Asymmetric cryo-EM reconstruction of phage MS2 reveals genome structure in situ. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12524. [PMID: 27561669 PMCID: PMC5007439 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses, virus capsid assembly and genome packaging are intertwined processes. Using cryo-electron microscopy and single particle analysis we determined the asymmetric virion structure of bacteriophage MS2, which includes 178 copies of the coat protein, a single copy of the A-protein and the RNA genome. This reveals that in situ, the viral RNA genome can adopt a defined conformation. The RNA forms a branched network of stem-loops that almost all allocate near the capsid inner surface, while predominantly binding to coat protein dimers that are located in one-half of the capsid. This suggests that genomic RNA is highly involved in genome packaging and virion assembly. MS2 is a single-stranded RNA bacteriophage that infects its host via adsorption to bacterial pili. Here the authors visualize the MS2 virion with asymmetric cryo-EM reconstruction, revealing that the genome of MS2 adopts a specific structure of asymmetrically distributed stem-loops connected to the capsid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman I Koning
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Centre for Electron Nanoscopy, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josue Gomez-Blanco
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Javier Vargas
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - José María Carazo
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Abraham J Koster
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Centre for Electron Nanoscopy, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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42
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Leitans J, Kazaks A, Balode A, Ivanova J, Zalubovskis R, Supuran CT, Tars K. Efficient Expression and Crystallization System of Cancer-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform IX. J Med Chem 2015; 58:9004-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janis Leitans
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
| | - Agnese Balode
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jekaterina Ivanova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Laboratorio
di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Rm. 188, Via dellaLastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Biomedical Research and Study Center, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty
of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, LV-1004, Riga, Latvia
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Brangulis K, Jaudzems K, Petrovskis I, Akopjana I, Kazaks A, Tars K. Structural and functional analysis of BB0689 from Borrelia burgdorferi, a member of the bacterial CAP superfamily. J Struct Biol 2015; 192:320-330. [PMID: 26407658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease and is transmitted from infected Ixodes ticks to a mammalian host after a tick bite. The outer surface protein BB0689 from B. burgdorferi is up-regulated when the tick feeds, which indicates a potential role for BB0689 in Lyme disease pathogenesis. We have determined the crystal structure of BB0689, which revealed that the protein belongs to the CAP superfamily. Though the CAP domain is widespread in all three cellular domains of life, thus far the CAP domain has been studied only in eukaryotes, in which it is usually linked to certain other domains to form a multi-domain protein and is associated with the mammalian reproductive tract, the plant response to pathogens, venom allergens from insects and reptiles, and the growth of human brain tumors. Though the exact function of the isolated CAP domain remains ambiguous, several functions, including the binding of cholesterol, lipids and heparan sulfate, have been recently attributed to different CAP domain proteins. In this study, the bacterial CAP domain structure was analyzed and compared with the previously solved crystal structures of representative CAPs, and the function of BB0689 was examined. To determine the potential function of BB0689 and ascertain whether the functions that have been attributed to the CAP domain proteins are conserved, the binding of previously reported CAP domain interaction partners was analyzed, and the results suggested that BB0689 has a unique function that is yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ivars Petrovskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1 k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Kronvalda bulv. 4, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
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Brangulis K, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Akopjana I, Tars K. Crystal structures of the Erp protein family members ErpP and ErpC from Borrelia burgdorferi reveal the reason for different affinities for complement regulator factor H. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1854:349-55. [PMID: 25582082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, which can be acquired after the bite of an infected Ixodes tick. As a strategy to resist the innate immunity and to successfully spread and proliferate, B. burgdorferi expresses a set of outer membrane proteins that are capable of binding complement regulator factor H (CFH), factor H-like protein 1 (CFHL-1) and factor H-related proteins (CFHR) to avoid complement-mediated killing. B. burgdorferi B31 contains three proteins that belong to the Erp (OspE/F-related) protein family and are capable of binding CFH and some CFHRs, namely ErpA, ErpC and ErpP. We have determined the crystal structure of ErpP at 2.53Å resolution and the crystal structure of ErpC at 2.15Å resolution. Recently, the crystal structure of the Erp family member OspE from B. burgdorferi N40 was determined in complex with CFH domains 19-20, revealing the residues involved in the complex formation. Despite the high sequence conservation between ErpA, ErpC, ErpP and the homologous protein OspE (78-80%), the affinity for CFH and CFHRs differs markedly among the Erp family members, suggesting that ErpC may bind only CFHRs but not CFH. A comparison of the binding site in OspE with those of ErpC and ErpP revealed that the extended loop region, which is only observed in the potential binding site of ErpC, plays an important role by preventing the binding of CFH. These results can explain the inability of ErpC to bind CFH, whereas ErpP and ErpA still possess the ability to bind CFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Ivars Petrovskis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Inara Akopjana
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Kronvalda bulv. 4, LV-1586, Riga, Latvia
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Ivanova J, Leitans J, Tanc M, Kazaks A, Zalubovskis R, Supuran CT, Tars K. X-ray crystallography-promoted drug design of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7108-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01854d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray co-crystallization experiments of saccharin derivative with carbonic anhydrase revealed hydrolysis of isothiazole ring of saccharin and guided design of new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janis Leitans
- Biomedical Research and Study Center
- LV-1067 Riga
- Latvia
| | - Muhammet Tanc
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- NEUROFARBA Department
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Biomedical Research and Study Center
- LV-1067 Riga
- Latvia
| | | | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze
- NEUROFARBA Department
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Biomedical Research and Study Center
- LV-1067 Riga
- Latvia
- University of Latvia
- Faculty of Biology
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Kazaks A, Makrecka-Kuka M, Kuka J, Voronkova T, Akopjana I, Grinberga S, Pugovics O, Tars K. Expression and purification of active, stabilized trimethyllysine hydroxylase. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 104:1-6. [PMID: 25220864 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cielens I, Jackevica L, Strods A, Kazaks A, Ose V, Bogans J, Pumpens P, Renhofa R. Mosaic RNA phage VLPs carrying domain III of the West Nile virus E protein. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:459-69. [PMID: 24570176 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The virus-neutralising domain III (DIII) of the West Nile virus glycoprotein E was exposed on the surface of RNA phage AP205 virus-like particles (VLPs) in mosaic form. For this purpose, a 111 amino acid sequence of DIII was added via amber or opal termination codons to the C-terminus of the AP205 coat protein, and mosaic AP205-DIII VLPs were generated by cultivation in amber- or opal-suppressing Escherichia coli strains. After extensive purification to 95 % homogeneity, mosaic AP205-DIII VLPs retained up to 11-16 % monomers carrying DIII domains. The DIII domains appeared on the VLP surface because they were fully accessible to anti-DIII antibodies. Immunisation of BALB/c mice with AP205-DIII VLPs resulted in the induction of specific anti-DIII antibodies, of which the level was comparable to that of the anti-AP205 antibodies generated against the VLP carrier. The AP205-DIII-induced anti-DIII response was represented by a significant fraction of IgG2 isotype antibodies, in contrast to parallel immunisation with the DIII oligopeptide, which failed to induce IgG2 isotype antibodies. Formulation of AP-205-DIII VLPs in alum adjuvant stimulated the level of the anti-DIII response, but did not alter the fraction of IgG2 isotype antibodies. Mosaic AP205-DIII VLPs could be regarded as a promising prototype of a putative West Nile vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indulis Cielens
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
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Freivalds J, Kotelovica S, Voronkova T, Ose V, Tars K, Kazaks A. Yeast-expressed bacteriophage-like particles for the packaging of nanomaterials. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:102-10. [PMID: 23852987 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-013-9686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) generated by heterologous expression of viral structural genes have become powerful tools in vaccine development. Recently, we and others have reported on the assembly of VLPs of the RNA bacteriophages MS2, Qβ, and GA in yeast. Here, we investigate the formation of VLPs of five additional phages in the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, namely, the coliphages SP and fr, Acinetobacter phage AP205, Pseudomonas phage PP7, and Caulobacter phage φCb5. In all cases except SP, particle formation was detected, although VLP outcome varied from 0.2 to 8 mg from 1 g of wet cells. We have found that phage φCb5 VLPs easily dissociate into coat protein dimers when applied to strong anion exchangers. Upon salt removal and the addition of nucleic acid or its mimics and calcium ions, the dimers re-assemble into VLPs with high efficiency. A variety of compounds, including RNA, DNA, and gold nanoparticles can be packaged inside φCb5 VLPs. The ease with which phage φCb5 coat protein dimers can be purified in high quantities and re-assembled into VLPs makes them attractive for downstream applications including the internal packaging of nanomaterials and the chemical coupling of peptides of interest on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Freivalds
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, Riga, 1067, Latvia
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Brangulis K, Petrovskis I, Kazaks A, Bogans J, Otikovs M, Jaudzems K, Ranka R, Tars K. Structural characterization of CspZ, a complement regulator factor H and FHL-1 binding protein from Borrelia burgdorferi. FEBS J 2014; 281:2613-22. [PMID: 24702793 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease and is found in two different types of hosts in nature - Ixodes ticks and various mammalian organisms. To initiate disease and survive in mammalian host organisms, B. burgdorferi must be able to transfer to a new host, proliferate, attach to different tissue and resist the immune response. To resist the host's immune response, B. burgdorferi produces at least five different outer surface proteins that can bind complement regulator factor H (CFH) and/or factor H-like protein 1 (CFHL-1). The crystal structures of two uniquely folded complement binding proteins, which belong to two distinct gene families and are not found in other bacteria, have been previously described. The crystal structure of the CFH and CFHL-1 binding protein CspZ (also known as BbCRASP-2 or BBH06) from B. burgdorferi, which belongs to a third gene family, is reported in this study. The structure reveals that the overall fold is different from the known structures of the other complement binding proteins in B. burgdorferi or other bacteria; this structure does not resemble the fold of any known protein deposited in the Protein Data Bank. The N-terminal part of the CspZ protein forms a four-helix bundle and has features similar to the FAT domain (focal adhesion targeting domain) and a related domain found in the vinculin/α-catenin family. By combining our findings from the crystal structure of CspZ with previous mutagenesis studies, we have identified a likely binding surface on CspZ for CFH and CFHL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvis Brangulis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia; Riga Stradins University, Latvia
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Tars K, Leitans J, Kazaks A, Zelencova D, Liepinsh E, Kuka J, Makrecka M, Lola D, Andrianovs V, Gustina D, Grinberga S, Liepinsh E, Kalvinsh I, Dambrova M, Loza E, Pugovics O. Targeting Carnitine Biosynthesis: Discovery of New Inhibitors against γ-Butyrobetaine Hydroxylase. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2213-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401603e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaspars Tars
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Leitans
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Andris Kazaks
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites 1, LV1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Diana Zelencova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edgars Liepinsh
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Kuka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Marina Makrecka
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Daina Lola
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Viktors Andrianovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Daina Gustina
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Solveiga Grinberga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Edvards Liepinsh
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Ivars Kalvinsh
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Einars Loza
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - Osvalds Pugovics
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV1006 Riga, Latvia
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