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Zeng Z, Zou Y, Cai W, Lin FC, Wang H. Roles of CcDFR and CcOMT9 in the cyanidin biosynthesis and development of Cordyceps cicadae. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1353710. [PMID: 38511011 PMCID: PMC10953825 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cordyceps cicadae is a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus known for its rich production of bioactive substances, particularly cyanidin, an anthocyanin commonly found in plants with notable anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. This study revealed two key genes, CcDFR and CcOMT9, affecting cyanidin biosynthesis in C. cicadae. Methods The roles of these genes in cyanidin production, growth, and development were elucidated through the gene knockout method, phenotypic analysis, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Results CcDFR deletion led to reduced cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), suppressed expression of cyanidin biosynthesis genes, impaired synnemata formation, decreased polysaccharide and adenosine content, and diminished chitinase activity. Meanwhile, the ΔCcOMT9 mutant exhibited an increase in C3G production, promoted expression of cyanidin biosynthesis genes and rising bioactive compounds, suppressed RNA methylation, and led to phenylalanine accumulation with no effect on fruiting body formation. Discussion We revealed a distinct anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in C. cicadae and identified two genes with opposite functions, laying the foundation for future genetic modification of cyanidin-producing strains using modern biological techniques. This will shorten the production period of this valuable compound, facilitating the industrial-scale production of cyanidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiming Cai
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Du B, Wang Q, Ma Y, Liu M, Mao Y, Yang J, Li F, Fu H. Uncovering nutritional metabolites and candidate genes involved in flavonoid metabolism in Houttuynia cordata through combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108059. [PMID: 37788539 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The perennial herb Houttuynia cordata has long been cultivated and used as medicinal and edible plant in Asia. Nowadays, increasing attention is attracted due to its numerous health benefits. Flavonoids are the main chemical constituents exerting pharmacological activities. In the present study, we investigated both metabolome and transcriptome of two H. cordata accessions (6# and 7#) with distinct flavonoids contents. In total 397 metabolites, i.e., 220 flavonoids, 92 amino acids and derivatives, 20 vitamins, and 65 saccharides were abundant in aboveground part. Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside were the most abundant flavonoids, which can be categorized into seven classes, namely anthocyanidins, chalcones, flavanols, flavanones, flavanonols, flavones, and flavonols. Flavonols was the most abundant group. Contents of 112 flavonoids differed significantly between the two accessions, with catechin-(7,8-bc)-4α-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-dihydro-2-(3H)-one, cinchonain Id, and cinchonain Ic being the dominant flavonoid metabolites among them. Pinocembrin-7-O-neohesperidoside, pinocembrin-7-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-3-O-galactoside-4'-O-glucoside were uniquely abundant in accession 7. Transcriptome data revealed a total of 110 different expressed genes related to flavonoid metabolism, with more highly expressed genes observed in 7#. We annotated a total of 19 differential flavonoid metabolites and 34 differentially expressed genes that are associated with the flavonoid metabolic network. Based on the transcriptome and qPCR data a total of 8 key candidate genes involved in flavonoid metabolism were identified. The ANS gene were found to play an important role in the synthesis of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, while the CHI, F3'H and FLS genes were mainly responsible for controlling the levels of flavanones, flavones, and flavonols, respectively. Collectively, the present study provides important insights into the molecular mechanism underlying flavonoid metabolism in H. cordata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China; Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Yanping Mao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jingtian Yang
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Furong Li
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Hongbo Fu
- Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, College of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan, China.
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Wang R, Chen X, Li X, Wang K. Molecular therapy of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury based on mitochondria and ferroptosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1059-1071. [PMID: 37505243 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Excessive death of myocardial cells can lead to various cardiovascular diseases and even develop into heart failure, so developing ideal treatment plans based on pathogenesis is of great significance for cardiopathy. After the heart undergoes ischemia‒reperfusion (I/R), myocardial cells accumulate a large amount of peroxides, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a form of iron-dependent regulatory cell death (RCD) caused by imbalanced redox and iron metabolism that leads to severe cell damage through the accumulation of peroxides. The mechanism of ferroptosis is highly correlated with mitochondrial metabolism. Myocardial cells are rich in a large number of mitochondria, which serve as energy supply centers and are prone to producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), providing opportunities for oxidative stress caused by ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is related to various cardiovascular diseases, and potential treatment methods designed around ferroptosis may alter the pathological progression of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review investigates the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, exploring the close pathological and physiological connections between ferroptosis and mitochondrial and cardiac I/R injury. Targeting ferroptosis and mitochondria for intervention may be an effective plan for preventing and treating cardiac I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technologyof , National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xinzhe Chen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xinmin Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technologyof , National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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Posadino AM, Giordo R, Ramli I, Zayed H, Nasrallah GK, Wehbe Z, Eid AH, Gürer ES, Kennedy JF, Aldahish AA, Calina D, Razis AFA, Modu B, Habtemariam S, Sharifi-Rad J, Pintus G, Cho WC. An updated overview of cyanidins for chemoprevention and cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114783. [PMID: 37121149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are colored polyphenolic compounds that belong to the flavonoids family and are largely present in many vegetables and fruits. They have been used in traditional medicine in many cultures for a long time. The most common and abundant anthocyanins are those presenting an O-glycosylation at C-3 (C ring) of the flavonoid skeleton to form -O-β-glucoside derivatives. The present comprehensive review summarized recent data on the anticancer properties of cyanidings along with natural sources, phytochemical data, traditional medical applications, molecular mechanisms and recent nanostrategies to increase the bioavailability and anticancer effects of cyanidins. For this analysis, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies published up to the year 2022 were sourced from scientific databases and search engines such as PubMed/Medline, Google scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley and TRIP database. Cyanidins' antitumor properties are exerted during different stages of carcinogenesis and are based on a wide variety of biological activities. The data gathered and discussed in this review allows for affirming that cyanidins have relevant anticancer activity in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Future research should focus on studies that bring new data on improving the bioavailability of anthocyanins and on conducting detailed translational pharmacological studies to accurately establish the effective anticancer dose in humans as well as the correct route of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055 Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iman Ramli
- Département de Biologie Animale, Université des frères Mentouri Constantine 1, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zena Wehbe
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Research Institute, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eda Sönmez Gürer
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sivas, Turkey
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories, Advanced Science and Technology Institute, Kyrewood House, Tenbury Wells, Worcs WR15 8FF, UK
| | - Afaf Ahmed Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Babagana Modu
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, 1069 Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | | | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Blackberry-Loaded AgNPs Attenuate Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030419. [PMID: 36984859 PMCID: PMC10051224 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a pathophysiological insult that often occurs during liver surgery. Blackberry leaves are known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Aims: To achieve site-specific delivery of blackberry leaves extract (BBE) loaded AgNPs to the hepatocyte in IRI and to verify possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: IRI was induced in male Wister rats. Liver injury, hepatic histology, oxidative stress markers, hepatic expression of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated. Non-targeted metabolomics for chemical characterization of blackberry leaves extract was performed. Key findings: Pre-treatment with BBE protected against the deterioration caused by I/R, depicted by a significant improvement of liver functions and structure, as well as reduction of oxidative stress with a concomitant increase in antioxidants. Additionally, BBE promoted phosphorylation of antiapoptotic proteins; PI3K, Akt and mTOR, while apoptotic proteins; Bax, Casp-9 and cleaved Casp-3 expressions were decreased. LC-HRMS-based metabolomics identified a range of metabolites, mainly flavonoids and anthocyanins. Upon comprehensive virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation, the major annotated anthocyanins, cyanidin and pelargonidin glucosides, were suggested to act as PLA2 inhibitors. Significance: BBE can ameliorate hepatic IRI augmented by BBE-AgNPs nano-formulation via suppressing, oxidative stress and apoptosis as well as stimulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Safdar MA, Aslam RMN, Shakeel A, Shiza, Waqar M, Jmail A, Mehmood MH, Gul H. Cyanidin as potential anticancer agent targeting various proliferative pathways. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:438-452. [PMID: 36326796 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A natural compound cyanidin, which is a type of anthocyanin present in pigmented leaves, fruits, and flowers; distributed widely in berries, apples, and oranges possess anticancer activities, thus curing various types of cancer such as breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. The article provides an insight into the potential of using a single phytochemical, cyanidin to treat various cancer types including breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. Information about cyanidin and its pharmacological impact on cancer was collected from books, scientific journals, and reports through electronic data search (Web of Science, Scifinder, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, ACS, Science Direct, CNKI as well as Kew Plants of the Word Online) and library. Cyanidin produces its effects against cancer probably by inhibiting (RAS, MAPK) and activating (caspases-3 and P-38) innovative molecular pathways. It may cause cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation processes and changes in redox status which trigger the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effects. However, it also optimizes the chemotherapeutic targets which are cancer cells less responsive to chemotherapy. Cancer is considered the most widely spread disease and cyanidin from natural origin provides an essential role in treatment of cancer by approaching various mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhaf Safdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shiza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashael Waqar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Jmail
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Gul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Bader Ul Ain H, Tufail T, Javed M, Tufail T, Arshad MU, Hussain M, Gull Khan S, Bashir S, Al Jbawi E, Abdulaali Saewan S. Phytochemical profile and pro-healthy properties of berries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2096062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huma Bader Ul Ain
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, the University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, the University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehak Javed
- Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gull Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Bashir
- University Institute of Diet & Nutritional Sciences, the University of Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhou H, Liu S, Zhang N, Fang K, Zong J, An Y, Chang X. Downregulation of Sirt6 by CD38 promotes cell senescence and aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9730-9757. [PMID: 36490326 PMCID: PMC9792202 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels accompany aging. CD38 is the main cellular NADase. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), a natural inhibitor of CD38, is a well-known drug that extends the human lifespan. We investigated mechanisms of CD38 in cell senescence and C3G in antiaging. Myocardial H9c2 cells were induced to senescence with D-gal. CD38 siRNA, C3G and UBCS039 (a chemical activator of Sirt6) inhibited D-gal-induced senescence by reducing reactive oxygen species, hexokinase 2 and SA-β-galactosidase levels. These activators also stimulated cell proliferation and telomerase reverse transcriptase levels, while OSS-128167 (a chemical inhibitor of Sirt6) and Sirt6 siRNA exacerbated the senescent process. H9c2 cells that underwent D-gal-induced cell senescence increased CD38 expression and decreased Sirt6 expression; CD38 siRNA and C3G decreased CD38 expression and increased Sirt6 expression, respectively; and Sirt6 siRNA stimulated cell senescence in the presence of C3G and CD38 siRNA. In D-gal-induced acute aging mice, CD38 and Sirt6 exhibited increased and decreased expression, respectively, in myocardial tissues, and C3G treatment decreased CD38 expression and increased Sirt6 expression in the tissues. C3G also reduced IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, TNF-α levels and restored NAD+ and NK cell levels in the animals. We suggest that CD38 downregulates Sirt6 expression to promote cell senescence and C3G exerts an antiaging effect through CD38-Sirt6 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongji Zhou
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Shihai Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - NanYang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Kehua Fang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jinbao Zong
- Clinical Laboratory and Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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Ma X, Hu X, Zhu Y, Jin H, Hu G, Ding L, Ning S. Sesamol inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of triple negative breast cancer via inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115299. [PMID: 36244446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a particularly aggressive breast cancer subtype without estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, possesses highly invasive capacity, uncontrolled proliferative phenotype and poor clinical prognosis. Sesamol enriched in sesame seeds has been widely reported as a metabolic modulator due to its anti-aging, anti-hepatotoxic and cardio-protective properties. In this study, we found that sesamol significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells via attenuating PCNA, CyclinD1 expression and reversion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by increased epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreased mesenchymal marker N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail expression. Moreover, sesamol inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Wnt agonist 1 AMBMP application reversed the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC by sesamol administration. Subsequently, our data showed that sesamol induced Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1), an endogenous inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, expression and WIF1 artificial knockdown abrogated the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by sesamol exposure in TNBC cells. And we found that promoter region de-methylation was responsible for WIF1 up-regulation by sesamol administration. Finally, with the xenograft assay using nude mice, we also found that sesamol inhibited proliferation and metastasis of TNBC via WIF1-induced inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vivo. Collectively, these data added novel understandings and evidences to the anti-cancer properties of sesamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Preventive Care Department, Jinhua Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yijia Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huixian Jin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guifen Hu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linchao Ding
- Department of Scientific Research, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shilong Ning
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of an In Vitro Digested Anthocyanin-Rich Extract on Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to TNF-α. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175368. [PMID: 36080136 PMCID: PMC9457953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The consumption of foods rich in anthocyanins (ACN) have been associated with beneficial properties in chronic inflammatory disorders such as intestinal bowel diseases (IBD). These effects were attributed not only to a direct antioxidant mechanism but also to the modulation of cell redox-dependent signaling. However, ACN bioavailability is low for their poor stability in the digestive tract, so ACN gastrointestinal digestion should be considered. Methods: To have a more realistic knowledge of the effects of ACN, we performed an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion of an ACN-rich purified and standardized bilberry and blackcurrant extract (BBE), followed by an evaluation of ACN composition modification (HPLC-DAD and pH differential method) and antioxidant activity (FRAP assay). Then, we studied the effects of BBE gastrointestinal extract on Caco-2 exposed to TNF-α. Results: The results confirmed the high instability of ACN in the mild alkaline environment of the small intestine (17% recovery index). However, the digested BBE maintained part of its bioactivity. Additionally, BBE gastrointestinal extract inhibited the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway in Caco-2 and activated the Nrf2 pathway. Conclusions: Although ACN stability is affected by gastrointestinal digestion, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of digested extracts were confirmed; thus, the loss of ACN can probably be counterweighed by their metabolites. Then, ACN introduced by diet or food supplements could represent an approach for IBD prevention.
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Zhang Y, Zhu M, Wan H, Chen L, Luo F. Association between Dietary Anthocyanidins and Risk of Lung Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132643. [PMID: 35807824 PMCID: PMC9268346 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Anthocyanidins are a kind of water-soluble flavonoids widely found in flowers and fruits of many plants. Although the beneficial effect of anthocyanidins in cancer prevention has been discussed, the value of anthocyanidins in lung cancer prevention requires further investigation. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of dietary anthocyanidins in the prevention of lung cancer in population-based prospective studies. Methods: Data of participants in this study were collected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in Cox proportional hazards regression for the association of dietary anthocyanidins and lung cancer risk. The dose-response relationship was explored between total anthocyanidins and the incidence of lung cancer. Results: A total of 97,993 participants were included in this study. The calculated HRs showed a trend that a higher quartile of total anthocyanidins indicated lower risk of lung cancer after adjusting for covariates (HRQ4vsQ1: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.55,0.73; p for trend < 0.001). A non-linear association between total anthocyanidins and lung cancer risk was found in the restricted cubic spline model. Conclusion: A protective association between dietary anthocyanidins and risk of lung cancer in Americans was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huajing Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fengming Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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Prabhakar P, Pavankumar GS, Raghu SV, Rao S, Prasad K, George T, Baliga MS. Utility of Indian fruits in cancer prevention and treatment: Time to undertake translational and bedside studies. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1543-1560. [PMID: 35652402 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220601151931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization predicts a 70% increase in cancer incidents in developing nations over the next decade, and it will be the second leading cause of death worldwide. Traditional plant-based medicine systems play an important role against various diseases and provide health care to a large section of the population in developing countries. Indigenous fruits and their bioactive compounds with beneficial effects like antioxidant, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory are shown to be useful in preventing the incidence of cancer. India is one of the biodiversity regions and is native to numerous flora and fauna in the world. Of the many fruiting trees indigenous to India, Mango (Mangifera indica), Black plum (Eugenia jambolana or Syzygium jambolana), Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis or Phyllanthus emblica), kokum (Garcinia indica or Brindonia indica), stone apple or bael (Aegle marmelos), Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), Karaunda (Carissa carandas) and Phalsa (Grewia asiatica), Monkey Jackfruit (Artocarpus lakoocha) and Elephant apple (Dillenia indica) have been shown to be beneficial in preventing cancer and in the treatment of cancer in validated preclinical models of study. In this review, efforts are also made to collate the fruits' anticancer effects and the important phytochemicals. Efforts are also made at emphasizing the underlying mechanism/s responsible for the beneficial effects in cancer prevention and treatment. These fruits have been a part of the diet, are non-toxic, and easily acceptable for human application. The plants and some of their phytochemicals possess diverse medicinal properties. The authors propose that future studies should be directed at detailed studies with various preclinical models of study with both composite fruit extract/juice and the individual phytochemicals. Additionally, translational studies should be planned with the highly beneficial, well-investigated and pharmacologically multifactorial amla to understand its usefulness as a cancer preventive in the high-risk population and as a supportive agent in cancer survivors. The outcome of both preclinical and clinical studies will be useful for patients, the healthcare fraternity, pharmaceutical, and agro-based sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Prabhakar
- Department of Pharmacology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Sheikhpura, Patna, Bihar, 800014, India
| | - Giriyapura Srikantachar Pavankumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, India.,Sri Lakshmi Group of Institution, Magadi Main Road, Sunkadakatte, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Konaje, Karnataka India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Radiation Oncology, c Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishna Prasad
- Medical Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Thomas George
- Research Unit, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Pumpwell, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Vascular Protective Effect and Its Possible Mechanism of Action on Selected Active Phytocompounds: A Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3311228. [PMID: 35469164 PMCID: PMC9034927 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3311228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction is characterized by an imbalance of vasodilation and vasoconstriction, deficiency of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and proinflammatory factors. This dysfunction is a key to the early pathological development of major cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Therefore, modulation of the vascular endothelium is considered an important therapeutic strategy to maintain the health of the cardiovascular system. Epidemiological studies have shown that regular consumption of medicinal plants, fruits, and vegetables promotes vascular health, lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This is mainly attributed to the phytochemical compounds contained in these resources. Various databases, including Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Directory of Open Access Journals, were searched to identify studies demonstrating the vascular protective effects of phytochemical compounds. The literature had revealed abundant data on phytochemical compounds protecting and improving the vascular system. Of the numerous compounds reported, curcumin, resveratrol, cyanidin-3-glucoside, berberine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and quercetin are discussed in this review to provide recent information on their vascular protective mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Phytochemical compounds are promising therapeutic agents for vascular dysfunction due to their antioxidative mechanisms. However, future human studies will be necessary to confirm the clinical effects of these vascular protective mechanisms.
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Zabady S, Mahran N, Soltan MA, Alaa Eldeen M, Eid RA, Albogami S, Fayad E, Matboli M, Habib EK, Hasanin AH, A. Ali M, Mesbah NM, Abo-Elmatty DM, Abdel-Hamed AR. Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Modulates hsa_circ_0001345/miRNA106b/ATG16L1 Axis Expression as a Potential Protective Mechanism against Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1677-1687. [PMID: 35723373 PMCID: PMC9164082 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of malignancy in the liver. Autophagy was found to have a significant effect in controlling HCC. Anthocyanins, which are naturally occurring pigments in a variety of fruits and vegetables, have been thoroughly documented to be involved in a variety of bioactive activities and are widely employed for their antioxidant capabilities. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) extracted from Morus alba L. has promising antioxidant and anti-tumour activities. The current study aims to examine the protective action of C3G against hepatocellular carcinoma through the investigation of the autophagy protein ATG16L1 expression along with its related RNA molecules (hsa_circ_0001345 and miRNA106b) in Wistar rats. In vivo precancerous lesions (PCL) were induced using diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and acetamidofluorene (2-AAF). Rats were treated with C3G (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg; 4 times weekly) for 112 days (16 weeks). Liver function tests, alfa fetoprotein, ATG16L1 expression, hsa_circ_0001345, and miRNA106b differential expression were examined. Liver sections were examined by histological and immunohistochemical approaches. The current study’s findings indicated that C3G administration protects against the negative effects of DEN-2-AAF on liver functions and liver histopathological sections, which nominated C3G as a potential prophylactic agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Zabady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt;
| | - Nievin Mahran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Soltan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 16020, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (M.A.E.); Tel.: +20-1004185481 (M.A.S.); +20-1090036420 (M.A.E.)
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Cell Biology, Histology & Genetics Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Alsharquia 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.S.); (M.A.E.); Tel.: +20-1004185481 (M.A.S.); +20-1090036420 (M.A.E.)
| | - Refaat A. Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 12573, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (E.F.)
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Eman K. Habib
- Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Galala City 43511, Egypt;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Amany H. Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. Ali
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Armed Forces College, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Noha M. Mesbah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
| | - Dina M. Abo-Elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
| | - Asmaa R. Abdel-Hamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (D.M.A.-E.); (A.R.A.-H.)
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15
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Shi C, Ji Z, Zhang J, Jia Z, Yang X. Preparation and characterization of intelligent packaging film for visual inspection of tilapia fillets freshness using cyanidin and bacterial cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:357-365. [PMID: 35182567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An intelligent pH-sensitive film was developed by incorporating cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) into bacterial cellulose (BC), and its application as a freshness indicator for tilapia fillets was investigated. The physical properties of the film were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrated the mechanical properties of the film were significantly changed due to higher crystallinity induced by C3G. XRD and FTIR analysis showed the increased crystallinity and transmittance intensity of the BC-C3G film. Moreover, this film exhibited distinctive color changes from red to green when exposed to buffers with a pH of 3 to 10. In accordance with changes in total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and total viable count (TVC) of tilapia fillets, the indicator demonstrated visualized color changes as rose-red (fresh), purple (still suitable), and lavender (spoiled) during storage at both 25 °C and 4 °C. The results suggest that this film has great potential to be used as an intelligent indicator to monitor the freshness of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zengtao Ji
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jiaran Zhang
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Zhixin Jia
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Xinting Yang
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Sirilun S, Chaiyasut C, Pattananandecha T, Apichai S, Sirithunyalug J, Sirithunyalug B, Saenjum C. Enhancement of the Colorectal Chemopreventive and Immunization Potential of Northern Thai Purple Rice Anthocyanin Using the Biotransformation by β-Glucosidase-Producing Lactobacillus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020305. [PMID: 35204188 PMCID: PMC8868395 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to study the biotransformation of indigenous northern Thai purple rice using β-glucosidase-producing Lactobacillus (BGPL) to increase the content of bioactive anthocyanin for colorectal chemoprevention and immunization. BGPL, namely, Lactobacillus FR 332, was first isolated from Thai fermented foods. Indigenous northern Thai purple rice, namely, Khao’ Gam Leum-Phua (KGLP), was selected to study bioactive anthocyanin using biotransformation by L. plantarum FR332 according to the highest amounts of cyanidin-3-glucoside. The determination of anthocyanin quantities revealed that the highest cyanidin was detected after 12 h of biotransformation, corresponding to the highest β-glucosidase activity of L. plantarum FR332 and a decrease in cyanidin-3-glucoside. The anthocyanin extract, after 12 h of biotransformation, exhibited the most potent in vitro antioxidative activity. Additionally, it showed potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nitric oxide, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) production in interferon-γ-stimulated colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells without exerting cytotoxicity. Moreover, it also showed a potent inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion and an induction effect on anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 secretion. These documents highlight the potential to be used of the anthocyanin extract after 12 h of biotransformation by L. plantarum FR332 as a natural active pharmaceutical ingredient (NAPI) for colorectal chemoprevention and immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasithorn Sirilun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Pattananandecha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Approaches to Lanna Fermented Foods and Biological Resources Research Unit, Sciences and Technology Research Institute (STRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sutasinee Apichai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Approaches to Lanna Fermented Foods and Biological Resources Research Unit, Sciences and Technology Research Institute (STRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jakkapan Sirithunyalug
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Busaban Sirithunyalug
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (C.S.); Tel.: +66-81-990-7971 (B.S.); +66-89-950-4227 (C.S.)
| | - Chalermpong Saenjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.C.); (T.P.); (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-Based Economic and Society (I-ANALY-S-T_B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Approaches to Lanna Fermented Foods and Biological Resources Research Unit, Sciences and Technology Research Institute (STRI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (B.S.); (C.S.); Tel.: +66-81-990-7971 (B.S.); +66-89-950-4227 (C.S.)
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Kong L, Barber T, Aldinger J, Bowman L, Leonard S, Zhao J, Ding M. ROS generation is involved in titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced AP-1 activation through p38 MAPK and ERK pathways in JB6 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:237-244. [PMID: 34730869 PMCID: PMC9947743 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nongenotoxic white mineral, which is mainly applied in the manufacture of paper, paint, plastic, sunscreen lotion and other products. Recently, TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been demonstrated to cause chronic inflammation and lung tumor formation in rats, which may be associated with the particle size of TiO2 . Considering the important role of activator protein-1 (AP-1) in regulating multiple genes involved in the cell proliferation and inflammation and the induction of neoplastic transformation, we aimed to evaluate the potency of TiO2 NPs (≤ 20 nm) on the activation of AP-1 signaling pathway and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a mouse epidermal cell line, JB6 cells. MTT, electron spin resonance (ESR), AP-1 luciferase activity assay in vitro and in vivo, and Western blotting assay were used to clarify this problem. Our results indicated that TiO2 NPs dose-dependently caused the hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation and sequentially increased the AP-1 activity in JB6 cells. Using AP-1-luciferase reporter transgenic mice models, an obvious increased AP-1 activity was detected in dermal tissue after exposure to TiO2 NPs for 24 h. Interestingly, TiO2 NPs increased the AP-1 activity via stimulating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) family members, including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), p38 kinase, and C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). Of note, the AP-1 activation induced by TiO2 NPs could be blocked by specific inhibitors (SB203580, PD98059, and SP 600125, respectively) that inhibit ERKs and p38 kinase but not JNKs. These findings indicate that ROS generation is involved in TiO2 NPs-induced AP-1 activation mediated by MAPKs signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Tabatha Barber
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Joni Aldinger
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Linda Bowman
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Stephen Leonard
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Min Ding
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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UĞUR H, ÇATAK J, ÖZGÜR B, EFE E, GÖRÜNMEK M, BELLİ İ, YAMAN M. Effects of different polyphenol-rich herbal teas on reducing predicted glycemic index. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.03022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jale ÇATAK
- İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Turkey
| | | | - Esra EFE
- İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Turkey
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da Silva LC, Viganó J, de Souza Mesquita LM, Dias ALB, de Souza MC, Sanches VL, Chaves JO, Pizani RS, Contieri LS, Rostagno MA. Recent advances and trends in extraction techniques to recover polyphenols compounds from apple by-products. FOOD CHEMISTRY-X 2021; 12:100133. [PMID: 34632369 PMCID: PMC8493574 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Apple by-products are a source of phenolic compounds associated with bioactivities. Apple processing industries generate by-products that could be better used. This work provides an up-to-date literature overview on extraction techniques. Gaps and future trends related to apple by-products are critically presented.
Apple is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide and has recognized nutritional properties. Besides being consumed fresh, it is the raw material for several food products, whose production chain generates a considerable amount of by-products that currently have an underestimated use. These by-products are a rich source of chemical compounds with several potential applications. Therefore, new ambitious platforms focused on reusing are needed, targeting a process chain that achieves well-defined products and mitigates waste generation. This review covers an essential part of the apple by-products reuse chain. The apple composition regarding phenolic compounds subclasses is addressed and related to biological activities. The extraction processes to recover apple biocompounds have been revised, and an up-to-date overview of the scientific literature on conventional and emerging extraction techniques adopted over the past decade is reported. Finally, gaps and future trends related to the management of apple by-products are critically presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laise C da Silva
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo M de Souza Mesquita
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur L Baião Dias
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana C de Souza
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor L Sanches
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaisa O Chaves
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Pizani
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Contieri
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio A Rostagno
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria 1300, 13484-350 Limeira, SP, Brazil
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Lim SH, Lee HS, Lee CH, Choi CI. Pharmacological Activity of Garcinia indica (Kokum): An Updated Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121338. [PMID: 34959738 PMCID: PMC8708457 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Garcinia indica (commonly known as kokum), belonging to the Clusiaceae family (mangosteen family), is a tropical evergreen tree distributed in certain regions of India. It has been used in culinary and industrial applications for a variety of purposes, including acidulant in curries, pickles, health drinks, wine, and butter. In particular, G. indica has been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation, dermatitis, and diarrhea, and to promote digestion. According to several studies, various phytochemicals such as garcinol, hydroxycitric acid (HCA), cyanidin-3-sambubioside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside were isolated from G. indica, and their pharmacological activities were published. This review highlights recent updates on the various pharmacological activities of G. indica. These studies reported that G. indica has antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antidepressant and anxiolytic effects both in vitro and in vivo. These findings, together with previously published reports of pharmacological activity of various components isolated from G. indica, suggest its potential as a promising therapeutic agent to prevent various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Lim
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.H.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Ho Seon Lee
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.H.L.); (H.S.L.)
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (S.H.L.); (H.S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5230
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21
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Arimoto-Kobayashi S, Hida R, Fujii N, Mochioka R. Antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative activities of the juice of Vitis ficifolia var. Ganebu, a woody vine in the grape family, known as Ryukyu-ganebu in Japan. Genes Environ 2021; 43:50. [PMID: 34772463 PMCID: PMC8588599 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutation, inflammation, and oxidative damage including lipid-peroxidation are factors involved in the development of cancer. We investigated the antimutagenic, in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects of the juice of Vitis ficifolia var. ganebu (known as Ryukyu-ganebu in Japan) harvested in Kuchinoshima island (hereafter, the juice is referred to as ganebu-K) in comparison with the juice of Vitis coignetiae (crimson glory vine, known as yamabudo in Japan; hereafter, the juice is referred to as yamabudo) which we found antimutagenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Results Ganebu-K inhibited the mutagenic activity of several carcinogens, MeIQx, IQ, Trp-P-2(NHOH), and MNNG, model compounds of tumor initiation. Using S. typhimurium YG7108, a strain lacking O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferases, ganebu-K showed no significant inhibition of the mutagenicity of MNNG. Thus, DNA repair of O6-methylguanine produced by MNNG might be an antimutagenic target of the components in ganebu-K. Topical application of ganebu-K to the dorsal sides of mice resulted in potent suppression of acute edema induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Ganebu-K, but not yamabudo, exhibited significant inhibition of the induction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced by TPA. Components contained in ganebu-K, but not in yamabudo, might be responsible for the inhibition of the induction of PGE2. Ganebu-K inhibited in vivo lipid peroxidation and decreased the level of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase induced by CCL4 treatment. Conclusions These results suggest that the active components in ganebu-K juice are not the same as those in yamabudo, and the components in ganebu-K are attractive candidates as chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan. .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Ryoko Hida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nana Fujii
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mochioka
- Faculty of Agriculture, University Farm, Kagawa University, 769-2304, Kagawa, Japan
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22
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Cheng Z, Si X, Tan H, Zang Z, Tian J, Shu C, Sun X, Li Z, Jiang Q, Meng X, Chen Y, Li B, Wang Y. Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside and its phenolic metabolites ameliorate intestinal diseases via modulating intestinal mucosal immune system: potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1629-1647. [PMID: 34420433 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1966381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of the intestinal disease is globally increasing, and the intestinal mucosa immune system is an important defense line. A potential environmental cause to regulate gut health is diet. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside is a natural plant bioactive substance that has shown rising evidence of improving intestinal disease and keeping gut homeostasis. This review summarized the intestinal protective effect of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside in vivo and in vitro and discussed the potential mechanisms by regulating the intestinal mucosal immune system. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and phenolic metabolites inhibited the presence and progression of intestinal diseases and explained from the aspects of repairing the intestinal wall, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, and regulating the gut microbiota. Although the animal and clinical studies are inadequate, based on the accumulated evidence, we propose that the interaction of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside with the intestinal mucosal immune system is at the core of most mechanisms by which affect host gut diseases. This review puts forward the potential mechanism of action and targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cheng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Hui Tan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhihuan Zang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiyun Sun
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zhiying Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Jiang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China.,National R&D Professional Center For Berry Processing, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, P. R. China
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23
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Liu XJ, Wang XR, Tang HR, Chen Q. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of a hybrid blackberry ( Rubus spp.) cultivar. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:2103-2104. [PMID: 34250230 PMCID: PMC8245066 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1751003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Blackberry (Rubus spp.) is an important hybrid fruit crop popular in the US Pacific Northwest and the European region with complex origins. In this study, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of a hybrid blackberry cultivar 'Arapohol' using next-generation sequencing technology. The complete chloroplast genome size is 156,621 bp. The genome contains 134 genes, including 40 tRNA genes, 86 protein-coding genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 11 complete chloroplast genomes revealed that taxa is closely related to Rubus niveus. The complete chloroplast genome of this Rubus sp. provides valuable information for understanding the origination of this crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Ju Liu
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Ru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Bouhlel Chatti I, Ben Toumia I, Krichen Y, Maatouk M, Chekir Ghedira L, Krifa M. Assessment of Rhamnus alaternus Leaves Extract: Phytochemical Characterization and Antimelanoma Activity. J Med Food 2021; 25:910-917. [PMID: 34152839 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhamnus alaternus (Rhamnaceae) has been used as a laxative, purgative, diuretic, antihypertensive, and depurative. However, few scientific research studies on its antimelanoma activity have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antimelanoma effect of an enriched total oligomer flavonoid (TOF) extract, from R. alaternus, and to identify its phytochemical compounds. The chemical composition of TOF extract was assessed by HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS2) analysis. Antimelanoma activity was determined on cultured tumor cell B16F10 by the crystal violet assay, the alkaline comet assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB), annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/ propidium iodide (V-FITC/PI) staining, the cell cycle distribution, and the wound healing assay. Regarding chemical composition, a mixture of quercetin diglucoside, quercetin-3-O-neohesperidoside, kaempferol-3-O-(2G-α-L-rhamnosyl)-rutinoside, rhamnetin hexoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, rhamnocitrin hexoside, pilosin hexoside, apigenin glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside was identified as major phytochemical compounds of the extracts. TOF extract inhibits melanoma B16F10 cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis was confirmed by comet assay, AO/EB, and annexin V-FITC/PI test. TOF extract could also induce S phase cell cycle, inhibit, and delay the cell migration of B16F10 cells. The findings showed that TOF extract from R. alaternus could be a potentially good candidate for future use in alternative antimelanoma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Bouhlel Chatti
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Biology and Geology, Higher Institute of Applied Science and Technology of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Imene Ben Toumia
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yosr Krichen
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Maatouk
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Leila Chekir Ghedira
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mounira Krifa
- Unity of Bioactive Natural Substances and Biotechnology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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25
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Arimoto-Kobayashi S, Sasaki K, Hida R, Miyake N, Fujii N, Saiki Y, Daimaru K, Nakashima H, Kubo T, Kiura K. Chemopreventive effects and anti-tumorigenic mechanisms of 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, a constituent of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (crimson glory vine, known as yamabudo in Japan), toward 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112319. [PMID: 34087405 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we isolated and identified anti-mutagenic and anti-inflammatory components from Vitis coignetiae (crimson glory vine, known as yamabudo in Japan) as 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone (DBQ), fertaric acid and caftaric acid. We also reported that the oral intake of a partially purified fraction from yamabudo juice (yamabudo-fr) or DBQ affords significant protection against two-stage skin carcinogenesis in mice. In this study, we found that oral intake of yamabudo-fr or DBQ affords significant protection against a tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced mouse model of lung tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we investigated the anti-tumorigenic mechanisms of yamabudo juice and DBQ. NNK is known to be a DNA-methylating and alkylating agent; thus, we investigated the anti-tumorigenic mechanisms of yamabudo juice and DBQ in relation to DNA methylation. Pretreatment with yamabudo-fr or DBQ dose-dependently decreased formation of O6-methylguanine and N7-methylguanine in DNA of the A549 human lung epithelial-like cell line treated with a methylating agent, 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine. Yamabudo juice and DBQ inhibited the mutagenicity of NNK in the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 but not S. typhimurium YG7108, an alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase-deficient strain (same as TA1535 but Δadast::Kmr, Δogtst::Cmr). Yamabudo juice and DBQ might accelerate the repair of DNA damage caused by NNK and reduce DNA damage to cells. We also investigated the effects of yamabudo juice and DBQ on signaling pathways in A549 cells. With or without epidermal growth factor stimulation, phosphorylation of Erk1/2, Akt and Stat3 in A549 cells was significantly decreased in the presence of yamabudo juice or DBQ, indicating that yamabudo juice and DBQ suppressed PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. These results suggest that both initiation and growth/progression steps in carcinogenesis, especially anti-oxidant effects, stimulation of repair of alkyl DNA adducts and suppressed growth signaling pathways are potential anti-tumorigenic targets of yamabudo juice and DBQ in NNK-induced lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Sasaki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ryoko Hida
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyake
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Nana Fujii
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saiki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kyohei Daimaru
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hirono Nakashima
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Toshio Kubo
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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26
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Ouyang S, Chen W, Gaofeng Z, Changcheng L, Guoping T, Minyan Z, Yang L, Min Y, Luo J. Cyanidin‑3‑O‑β‑glucoside protects against pulmonary artery hypertension induced by monocrotaline via the TGF‑β1/p38 MAPK/CREB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:338. [PMID: 33760143 PMCID: PMC7974420 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. Cyanidin‑3‑O‑β‑glucoside (Cy‑3‑g), a classical anthocyanin, has a variety of biological effects. The present study evaluated whether Cy‑3‑g attenuated PAH, and explored the potential mechanism of action. Rats were injected with monocrotaline (MCT; 60 mg per kg of body weight) and then treated with Cy‑3‑g (200 or 400 mg per kg of body weight) for 4 weeks. Protein expression was determined in vitro in transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1)‑mediated human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The results indicated that Cy‑3‑g significantly inhibited the mean pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy index, as well as vascular remodeling induced by MCT in PAH rats. Further experiments showed that Cy‑3‑g suppressed the expression of pro‑-inflammatory factors and enhanced the levels of anti‑inflammatory factors. Cy‑3‑g blocked oxidative stress and improved vascular endothelial injury. Cy‑3‑g also reduced the proliferation of SMCs. Furthermore, the MCT‑ and TGF‑β1‑induced increase in TGF‑β1, phosphorylated (p)‑p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) and p‑cAMP‑response element binding protein (CREB) expression was blocked by Cy‑3‑g treatment in vivo and in vitro. These results indicated that Cy‑3‑g could prevent vascular remodeling in PAH via inhibition of the TGF‑β1/p38 MAPK/CREB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zeng Gaofeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Changcheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Tian Guoping
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Minyan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Min
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Matboli M, Hasanin AH, Hussein R, El-Nakeep S, Habib EK, Ellackany R, Saleh LA. Cyanidin 3-glucoside modulated cell cycle progression in liver precancerous lesion, in vivo study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1435-1450. [PMID: 33911466 PMCID: PMC8047539 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i14.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cyan) exhibits antioxidant and anticancer properties. The cell cycle proteins and antimitotic drugs might be promising therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma.
AIM To investigate the effect of cyan administration on cell cycle in hepatic precancerous lesion (PCL) induced by diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene (DEN/2-AAF) in Wistar rats.
METHODS In vivo, DEN/2-AAF-induced hepatic PCL, rats were treated with three doses of cyan (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg/d, for four consecutive days per week for 16 wk). Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of the followings; alpha fetoprotein (AFP) liver function and RNA panel differential expression was evaluated via real time polymerase chain reaction. Histopathological examination of liver sections stained with H&E and immunohistochemical study using glutathione S-transferase placental (GSTP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies were assessed.
RESULTS Cyan administration mitigated the effect of DEN/2-AFF induced PCL, decreased AFP levels, and improved liver function. Remarkably, treatment with cyan dose dependently decreased the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and tubulin gamma 1 mRNA expressions and increased the levels of miR-125b, all of which are involved in cell cycle and mitotic spindle assembly. Of note, cyan decreased GSTP foci percent area and PCNA positively stained nuclei.
CONCLUSION Our results indicated that cyan could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to inhibit liver carcinogenesis in rat model via modulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Amany H Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Reham Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Sarah El-Nakeep
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Eman K Habib
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Department of Undergraduate, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
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28
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Mirazi N, Shahabi Baher I, Izadi Z, Hosseini A. The protective effect of Rubus fruticosus L. on blood composition in cyclophosphamide treated male rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00273-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Some chemotherapy drugs such cyclophosphamide (CP) has destructive effects on hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow tissue. Due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features, medicinal herbs have protective effects on the bone marrow tissue. The aim of this experimental study is to examine the protective effects of Rubus fruticosus L. extract (RF) on blood parameters in male rats treated with CP.
Methods
In this experimental study, 35 male Wistar rats (220–250 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 7): Control (0.5 mL normal saline), CP (15 mg/kg), positive control (RF per se 200 mg/kg), treatment 1 (CP 15 mg/kg + RF 100 mg/kg), and treatment 2 (CP 15 mg/kg + RF 200 mg/kg). All drugs and extracts were given intraperitoneally for 15 consecutive days. At the end of the intervention, all animals were euthanized and their blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture in anti-coagulant tubes for blood parameters evaluation.
Results
The data analysis showed that CP has decreased significantly in RBC, WBC, Platelets number, hemoglobin and hematocrit in rats (p < 0.05). RF could protect hematopoiesis in CP-induced rats (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The use of RF can protect the blood hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow and prevent CP toxic effects.
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29
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Park C, Lee WS, Go SI, Jeong SH, Yoo J, Cha HJ, Lee YJ, Kim HS, Leem SH, Kim HJ, Kim GS, Hong SC, Choi YH. Apoptotic Effects of Anthocyanins from Vitis coignetiae Pulliat Are Enhanced by Augmented Enhancer of the Rudimentary Homolog (ERH) in Human Gastric Carcinoma MKN28 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3030. [PMID: 33809701 PMCID: PMC8002340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that augmented expression of a certain gene can influence the efficacy of targeted and conventional chemotherapies. Here, we tested whether the high expression of enhancer of the rudimentary homolog (ERH), which serves as a prognostic factor in some cancers, can influence the efficacy of anthocyanins isolated from fruits of Vitis coignetiae Pulliat, Meoru in Korea (AIMs) on human gastric cancer cells. The anticancer efficacy of AIMs was augmented in ERH-transfected MKN28 cells (E-MKN28 cells). Molecularly, ERH augmented AIM-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis by activating caspase-3 and -9. The ERH-augmented apoptotic effect was related to mitochondrial depolarization and inhibition of antiapoptotic proteins, XIAP, and Bcl-2. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was augmented in AIMs-treated E-MKN28 cells compared to AIMs-treated naïve MKN28 cells. In conclusion, ERH augmented AIM-induced caspase-dependent mitochondrial-related apoptosis in MKN28 cells. A decrease in expression of Bcl-2 and subsequent excessive ROS generation would be the mechanism for ERH-augmented mitochondrial-related apoptosis in AIMs-treated MKN28 cells. A decrease in expression of XIAP would be another mechanism for ERH-augmented caspase-dependent apoptosis in AIMs-treated MKN28 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Park
- Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Korea;
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Se-Il Go
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Sang-Ho Jeong
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Jiyun Yoo
- Department of Microbiology/Research Institute of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Jinju 660-701, Korea;
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea;
| | - Young-Joon Lee
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Departments of Biology and Biomedical Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea;
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea;
| | - Soon-Chan Hong
- Departments of Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (S.-C.H.)
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Korea
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Moghadam D, Zarei R, Tatar M, Khoshdel Z, Mashayekhi FJ, Naghibalhossaini F. Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Telomerase Effects of Blackberry Juice and Berry-Derived Polyphenols on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells and Normal Human Blood Mononuclear Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:395-403. [PMID: 33719965 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210315092503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have provided strong evidence for anticancer activity of berry fruits. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the effects of blackberry juice and three berry- polyphenolic compounds on cell proliferation and telomerase activity in human hepatoma HepG2 and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS The cell viability and telomerase activity were measured by MTT and TRAP assay, respectively. Berry effects on the expression of genes were determined by quantitative RT-PCR assay. RESULTS Blackberry, gallic acid, and resveratrol inhibited proliferation of both HepG2 and PBMC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Resveratrol was more effective than gallic acid for reducing the viability of HepG2 cells, but both showed the same level of growth inhibition in PBMC cells. Berry, resveratrol, and gallic acid significantly inhibited telomerase activity in HepG2 cells. The antiproliferative effect of berry was associated with apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Gallic acid was more effective for reducing telomerase activity than resveratrol, but anthocyanin moderately increased telomerase activity in cancer cells. Telomerase activity was induced by all three polyphenols in PBMCs. Overall, Krumanin chloride was more effective to induce telomerase than gallic acid and resveratrol in PBMC cells. There was no significant difference in hTERT, hTR, and Dnmts expressions between berry treated and the control untreated HepG2 cells. But, a significant downregulation of HDAC1 and HDAC2 and upregulation of SIRT1 were observed in berry-treated cells. CONCLUSION These data indicate that the berry anticancer effect is associated with antitelomerase activity and changes in HDACs expression. The data also suggest that berry antitelomerase activity is mainly related to its gallic acid and resveratrol, but not anthocyanin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Moghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Reza Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Mohsen Tatar
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Zahra Khoshdel
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Farideh Jalali Mashayekhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak. Iran
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Marine Seagrass Extract of Thalassia testudinum Suppresses Colorectal Tumor Growth, Motility and Angiogenesis by Autophagic Stress and Immunogenic Cell Death Pathways. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020052. [PMID: 33499163 PMCID: PMC7912590 DOI: 10.3390/md19020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine plants have become an inexhaustible reservoir of new phytopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. We demonstrate in vitro/in vivo antitumor efficacy of a standardized polyphenol extract from the marine angiosperm Thalassia testudinum (TTE) in colon tumor cell lines (RKO, SW480, and CT26) and a syngeneic allograft murine colorectal cancer model. MTT assays revealed a dose-dependent decrease of cell viability of RKO, CT26, and SW480 cells upon TTE treatment with IC50 values of, respectively, 175, 115, and 60 μg/mL. Furthermore, TTE significantly prevented basal and bFGF-induced angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis assay. In addition, TTE suppressed bFGF-induced migration of endothelial cells in a wound closure assay. Finally, TTE treatment abrogated CT26 colorectal cancer growth and increased overall organism survival in a syngeneic murine allograft model. Corresponding transcriptome profiling and pathway analysis allowed for the identification of the mechanism of action for the antitumor effects of TTE. In line with our in vitro/in vivo results, TTE treatment triggers ATF4-P53-NFκB specific gene expression and autophagy stress pathways. This results in suppression of colon cancer cell growth, cell motility, and angiogenesis pathways in vitro and in addition promotes antitumor immunogenic cell death in vivo.
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Antiproliferative Activity on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells and In Vitro Antioxidant Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts from Peels of Species of the Myrtaceae Family. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030564. [PMID: 33498977 PMCID: PMC7865521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a significant indication of the beneficial health effects of fruit rich diets. Fruits of native plant species have noticeably different phytochemicals and bioactive effects. The aim of this work was to characterize and compare the constituents of jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba, MJ), jamun-berry (Syzygium cumini, SC), and malay-apple (Syzygium malaccense, SM) extracts and their influence on antioxidant activity in vitro and antiproliferative effects on human colon adenocarcinoma cells. According to the results, dried peel powders (DP) have a high anthocyanin content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity when compared to freeze dried extracts (FD). M. jaboticaba dried peel powder extract had a higher total anthocyanin and phenolic compounds content (802.90 ± 1.93 and 2152.92 ± 43.95 mg/100 g, respectively). A reduction in cell viability of HT-29 cells after treatment with M. jaboticaba extracts (DP-MJ and FD-MJ) was observed via MTT assay. Flow cytometry showed that the treatment with the anthocyanin-rich extracts from MJ, SC, and SM had an inhibitory impact on cell development due to G2/M arrest and caused a rise in apoptotic cells in relation to the control group. The findings of this study highlight the potential of peel powders from Myrtaceae fruits as an important source of natural antioxidants and a protective effect against colon adenocarcinoma.
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Ghosh K, Amin SA, Gayen S, Jha T. Chemical-informatics approach to COVID-19 drug discovery: Exploration of important fragments and data mining based prediction of some hits from natural origins as main protease (Mpro) inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021; 1224:129026. [PMID: 32834115 PMCID: PMC7405777 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As the world struggles against current global pandemic of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), it is challenging to trigger drug discovery efforts to search broad-spectrum antiviral agents. Thus, there is a need of strong and sustainable global collaborative works especially in terms of new and existing data analysis and sharing which will join the dots of knowledge gap. Our present chemical-informatics based data analysis approach is an attempt of application of previous activity data of SARS-CoV main protease (Mpro) inhibitors to accelerate the search of present SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. The study design was composed of three major aspects: (1) classification QSAR based data mining of diverse SARS-CoV Mpro inhibitors, (2) identification of favourable and/or unfavourable molecular features/fingerprints/substructures regulating the Mpro inhibitory properties, (3) data mining based prediction to validate recently reported virtual hits from natural origin against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro enzyme. Our Structural and physico-chemical interpretation (SPCI) analysis suggested that heterocyclic nucleus like diazole, furan and pyridine have clear positive contribution while, thiophen, thiazole and pyrimidine may exhibit negative contribution to the SARS-CoV Mpro inhibition. Several Monte Carlo optimization based QSAR models were developed and the best model was used for screening of some natural product hits from recent publications. The resulted active molecules were analysed further from the aspects of fragment analysis. This approach set a stage for fragment exploration and QSAR based screening of active molecules against putative SARS-CoV-2 Mpro enzyme. We believe the future in vitro and in vivo studies would provide more perspectives for anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ghosh
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P. O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P. O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Jideani AIO, Silungwe H, Takalani T, Omolola AO, Udeh HO, Anyasi TA. Antioxidant-rich natural fruit and vegetable products and human health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1866597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afam I. O. Jideani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Postharvest-Handling Group, ISEKI-Food Association, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henry Silungwe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Thakhani Takalani
- Univen Centre for Continuing Education, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Adewale O Omolola
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Henry O Udeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Tonna A Anyasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Jongsomchai K, Leardkamolkarn V, Mahatheeranont S. A rice bran phytochemical, cyanidin 3-glucoside, inhibits the progression of PC3 prostate cancer cell. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:481-492. [PMID: 32839357 PMCID: PMC7769112 DOI: 10.5115/acb.20.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the high incidences and the most invasive cancer that is also highly resistant to chemotherapy. Currently, several natural products have been considering using as the supplements for anti-cancer therapy. This study aims to identify the potential active anti-cancer ingredients in the bran extracts of the native Thai rice (Luempua cultivar). Rice bran fraction enriched in anthocyanins was successively isolated and processed until the major purified compound obtained. The sub-fractions and the purified, rice bran, cyanidin 3-glucoside (RBC3G), were studied for biological effects (cell viability, migration, and invasion assays) on human prostatic cancer (PC3) cells using immunohistochemical-staining and immuno-blotting approaches. The sub-fractions and the purified RBC3G inhibited epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics of PC3 cells by blocking the expression of several cytoskeletal associate proteins in a concentration dependent manner, leading to decreasing of the cancer cell motility. RBC3G reduced the expression of Smad/Snail signaling molecules but enhanced the expression of cell surface protein, E-cadherin, leading to a delay tumor transformation. The RBC3G also inhibited matrix metalloproteinase-9 and nuclear factor-kappa B expression levels and the enzymes activity in PC3 cells, leading to a slow cell migration/invasion process. The results suggested that RBC3G blunt and/or delay the progressive cancer cell behaviors by inhibit EMT through Smad signaling pathway(s) mediating Snail/E-cadherin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwan Jongsomchai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sugunya Mahatheeranont
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Fu H, Mu X, Wang P, Zhang J, Fu B, Du J. Fruit quality and antioxidant potential of Prunus humilis Bunge accessions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244445. [PMID: 33378359 PMCID: PMC7773198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the fruit quality of Prunus humilis and identify cultivars that could provide superior human health benefits. We measured the basic characteristics, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacities of 137 P. humilis accessions. Flavonoid and phenol content were determined via colorimetry and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography. Single fruit and stone weights varied widely and were genetically diverse among accessions. The variation in soluble solid content was comparatively narrow. Total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 3.90 to 28.37 mg/g FW, with an average of 10.58 mg/g FW in 2019. Significant differences between accessions in terms of TFC, total phenol content, and antioxidant capacity were found. TFC in the accessions was normally distributed and predominantly in the medium range (9.57-15.23 mg/g FW). Red was the predominant peel color over all other phenotypes (i.e., dark red, red, light red, red-orange, and yellow). There was no obvious correlation between peel color and TFC. Catechin was the major flavonoid component in the fruit. Principal component analysis showed that TFC, ABTS, single fruit weight, and vertical and horizontal diameter contributed to the first two principal components for each accession. Accessions 10-02, 3-17-2, 3-17-4, and JD1-6-7-37 were characterized by high TFC, ABTS, and large fruit. We believe that our results will aid in the breeding and functional food processing of Prunus humilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Fu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Rural Revitalization Institute of Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
- Research Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Mu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baochun Fu
- Research Institute of Pomology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Du
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
Advanced metastatic melanoma, one of the most aggressive skin malignancies, is currently without reliable therapy. The process of angiogenesis is crucial for progression and metastasis of the majority of solid tumors including melanomas. Therefore, new therapies are urgently needed. Mangiferin is a naturally occurring glucosylxanthone which exerts many pharmacological activities against cancer-inflammation. However, the effect of mangiferin on metastasis and tumor growth of metastatic melanoma remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that mangiferin interferes with inflammation, lipid and calcium signaling which selectively inhibits multiple NFkB target genes including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor, interferon gamma, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, plasminogen activator urokinase, matrix metalloprotease 19, C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 and placental growth factor. This abrogates angiogenic and invasive processes and capillary tube formation of metastatic melanoma cells as well as human placental blood vessel explants in-vitro and blocks angiogenesis characteristic of the chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane assay and in melanoma syngeneic studies in vivo. The results obtained in this research illustrate promising anti-angiogenic effects of the natural glucosylxanthone mangiferin for further (pre)clinical studies in melanoma cancer patients.
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Wei T, Ji X, Xue J, Gao Y, Zhu X, Xiao G. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside represses tumor growth and invasion in vivo by suppressing autophagy via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathways. Food Funct 2020; 12:387-396. [PMID: 33326533 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02107e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black bean seed coat extract (BBSCE) contains a high amount of bioactive compounds which can reduce the risk of cancers, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood in vivo. Here using a Drosophila model of a malignant tumor, wherein the activated oncogene Raf (RafGOF) cooperates with loss-of-function mutations in the conserved tumor suppressor scribble (scrib-/-), we investigated the antitumor mechanism of BBSCE and its main active component cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) in vivo. The results showed that supplementation of either BBSCE or C3G inhibited the tumor growth and invasion of RafGOFscrib-/- and extended their survival in a dose dependent manner. Strikingly, the activation of both autonomous and non-autonomous autophagy in tumor flies was significantly reduced by C3G treatment. A further study indicated that C3G exhibited an antitumor effect in vivo by blocking autophagy both in tumor cells and in its microenvironment by inhibiting the JNK pathway. Interestingly, the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor used as an antitumor agent) combined with C3G is much better than either C3G or CQ treatment alone. C3G may be combined with CQ to treat cancers and to provide a theoretical basis for functional food or natural medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaowen Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Jinsong Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guiran Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China.
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Li G, Ding K, Qiao Y, Zhang L, Zheng L, Pan T, Zhang L. Flavonoids Regulate Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:E5628. [PMID: 33265939 PMCID: PMC7729519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. Millions of persons die due to cancer each year. In the last two decades, the anticancer effects of natural flavonoids have become a hot topic in many laboratories. Meanwhile, flavonoids, of which over 8000 molecules are known to date, are potential candidates for the discovery of anticancer drugs. The current review summarizes the major flavonoid classes of anticancer efficacy and discusses the potential anti-cancer mechanisms through inflammation and oxidative stress action, which were based on database and clinical studies within the past years. The results showed that flavonoids could regulate the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of tumor through some anti-inflammatory mechanisms such as NF-κB, so as to realize the anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Zhang
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (G.L.); (K.D.); (Y.Q.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (T.P.)
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40
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Rafael FD, Isidro VM, Héctor-Gabriel AM, Abraham PO, Yolanda CU, Tania RG, Rosa-Isela GG, Lorena PC, Socorro HM. Berry Supplementation and Their Beneficial Effects on Some Central Nervous System Disorders. BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY - FROM BASIC TO CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.90428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Diaconeasa Z, Știrbu I, Xiao J, Leopold N, Ayvaz Z, Danciu C, Ayvaz H, Stǎnilǎ A, Nistor M, Socaciu C. Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E336. [PMID: 32916849 PMCID: PMC7555344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Until today, numerous studies evaluated the topic of anthocyanins and various types of cancer, regarding the anthocyanins' preventative and inhibitory effects, underlying molecular mechanisms, and such. However, there is no targeted review available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of dietary anthocyanins on skin cancers. If diagnosed at the early stages, the survival rate of skin cancer is quite high. Nevertheless, the metastatic form has a short prognosis. In fact, the incidence of melanoma skin cancer, the type with high mortality, has increased exponentially over the last 30 years, causing the majority of skin cancer deaths. Malignant melanoma is considered a highly destructive type of skin cancer due to its particular capacity to grow and spread faster than any other type of cancers. Plants, in general, have been used in disease treatment for a long time, and medicinal plants are commonly a part of anticancer drugs on the market. Accordingly, this work primarily aims to emphasize the most recent improvements on the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins from different plant sources, with an in-depth emphasis on melanoma skin cancer. We also briefly summarized the anthocyanin chemistry, their rich dietary sources in flowers, fruits, and vegetables, as well as their associated potential health benefits. Additionally, the importance of anthocyanins in topical applications such as their use in cosmetics is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Știrbu
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Nicolae Leopold
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zayde Ayvaz
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Technology Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Huseyin Ayvaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Andreea Stǎnilǎ
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mǎdǎlina Nistor
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Anthocyanin-fucoidan nanocomplex for preventing carcinogen induced cancer: Enhanced absorption and stability. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Shan X, Chen J, Dai S, Wang J, Huang Z, Lv Z, Wang Q, Wu Q. Cyanidin-related antidepressant-like efficacy requires PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 pathway modulated enhancement of neuronal differentiation and dendritic maturation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153269. [PMID: 32593103 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin (CY) is one of the most abundant anthocyanidins found in red-purple diet sources such as grapes, blueberries and purple corns. CY has been proven to exhibit a wide range of biological functions including antioxidant, antiviral, anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. PURPOSE This study investigated the anti-depressive activity of CY and its related mechanism. METHODS In the behavioral tests, CY-related effects on depressive symptoms were evaluated. Then the changes in PI3K/AKT/FOXG1/FGF-2 signaling and adult neurogenesis including doublecortin (DCX+) cell number, dendritic length, secondary and third dendrites number in the hippocampus were investigated by Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses. PI3K antagonist LY 294,002 was used to verify the unique impact of PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 signaling on CY-related antidepressant efficacy. RESULTS CY grossly reversed CUMS-induced behavioral defects, The DCX+ cell number and protein levels increased in CUMS mice receiving CY administration. LY 294,002 successfully blocked CY-induced improvements in depressive behaviors, neurogenesis, and protein levels in CUMS mice. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated that CY was efficacious in alleviating depression-like symptoms, which was dependent on PI3K/AKT/FoxG1/FGF-2 signaling-modulated neurogenesis enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Shilin Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Zhiyang Lv
- Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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Cynara cardunculus L.: Outgoing and potential trends of phytochemical, industrial, nutritive and medicinal merits. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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45
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Fakhri S, Khodamorady M, Naseri M, Farzaei MH, Khan H. The ameliorating effects of anthocyanins on the cross-linked signaling pathways of cancer dysregulated metabolism. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104895. [PMID: 32422342 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells underlie the dysregulated metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein and thereby, employ interconnected cross-linked signaling pathways to supply adequate energy for growth and related biosynthetic procedures. In the present study, a comprehensive review of cancer metabolism and anthocyanin's effect was conducted using the existing electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as related articles in the field. Such keywords as "cancer", and "cancer metabolism" in the title/abstract/keyword and all the "anthocyanins" in the whole text were used. Data were collected without time restriction until February 2020. The results indicated the involvement of several signaling pathways, including inflammatory PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, Bax/Bcl-2/caspases as apoptosis modulators, and NF-κB/Nrf2 as oxidative stress mediators in the cancer dysregulated metabolism. Compelling studies have shown that targeting these pathways, as critical hallmarks of cancer, plays a critical role in combating cancer dysregulated metabolism. The complexity of cancer metabolism signaling pathways, along with toxicity, high costs, and resistance to conventional drugs urge the need to investigate novel multi-target agents. Increasing evidence has introduced plant-derived secondary metabolites as hopeful anticancer candidates which target multiple dysregulated cross-linked pathways of cancer metabolism. Amongst these metabolites, anthocyanins have demonstrated positive anticancer effects by targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic signaling pathways. The current study revealed the cross-linked signaling pathways of cancer metabolism, as well as the promising pharmacological mechanisms of anthocyanins in targeting the aforementioned signaling mediators. To overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of anthocyanins in cancer treatment, their interactions with gut microbiota and the need to develop related nano-formulations were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Minoo Khodamorady
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67149-67346, Iran.
| | - Maryam Naseri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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Moody R, Wilson K, Jaworowski A, Plebanski M. Natural Compounds with Potential to Modulate Cancer Therapies and Self-Reactive Immune Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030673. [PMID: 32183059 PMCID: PMC7139800 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related deaths are approaching 10 million each year. Survival statistics for some cancers, such as ovarian cancer, have remained unchanged for decades, with women diagnosed at stage III or IV having over 80% chance of a lethal cancer recurrence after standard first-line treatment (reductive surgery and chemotherapy). New treatments and adjunct therapies are needed. In ovarian cancer, as in other cancers, the immune response, particularly cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells are correlated with a decreased risk of recurrence. As well as completely new antigen targets resulting from DNA mutations (neo-antigens), these T cells recognize cancer-associated overexpressed, re-expressed or modified self-proteins. However, there is concern that activation of self-reactive responses may also promote off-target pathology. This review considers the complex interplay between cancer-reactive and self-reactive immune cells and discusses the potential uses for various leading immunomodulatory compounds, derived from plant-based sources, as a cancer therapy option or to modulate potential autoimmune pathology. Along with reviewing well-studied compounds such as curcumin (from turmeric), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, from green tea) and resveratrol (from grapes and certain berries), it is proposed that compounds from novel sources, for example, native Australian plants, will provide a useful source for the fine modulation of cancer immunity in patients.
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Hexane Insoluble Fraction from Purple Rice Extract Retards Carcinogenesis and Castration-Resistant Cancer Growth of Prostate Through Suppression of Androgen Receptor Mediated Cell Proliferation and Metabolism. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020558. [PMID: 32093357 PMCID: PMC7071398 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain major health challenges in men. In this study, the inhibitory effects of a hexane insoluble fraction from a purple rice ethanolic extract (PRE-HIF) on prostate carcinogenesis and CRPC were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. In the Transgenic Rat for Adenocarcinoma of Prostate (TRAP) model, 1% PRE-HIF mixed diet-fed rats showed a significantly higher percentage of low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and obvious reduction in the incidence of adenocarcinoma in the lateral lobes of the prostate. Additionally, 1% PRE-HIF supplied diet significantly suppressed the tumor growth in a rat CRPC xenograft model of PCai1 cells. In LNCaP and PCai1 cells, PRE-HIF treatment suppressed cell proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest. Furthermore, androgen receptor (AR), cyclin D1, cdk4, and fatty acid synthase expression were down-regulated while attenuation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and AMP-activated protein kinase α activation occurred in PRE-HIF treated prostate cancer cells, rat prostate tissues, and CRPC tumors. Due to consistent results with PRE-HIF in PCai1 cells, cyanidin-3-glucoside was characterized as the active compound. Altogether, we surmise that PRE-HIF blocks the development of prostate cancer and CRPC through the inhibition of cell proliferation and metabolic pathways.
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48
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Abstract
Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability. Since it is not possible to cover all health benefits or essential nutrients and important phytochemicals of the fruit composition, this chapter will focus on the key valuable constituents and their potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan G Mohammed
- Qatar Research Leadership Program (QRLP), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - M Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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49
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Baster Z, Li L, Kukkurainen S, Chen J, Pentikäinen O, Győrffy B, Hytönen VP, Zhu H, Rajfur Z, Huang C. Cyanidin-3-glucoside binds to talin and modulates colon cancer cell adhesions and 3D growth. FASEB J 2020; 34:2227-2237. [PMID: 31916632 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900945r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a natural pigment, found in many colorful fruits and vegetables. It has many health benefits, including anti-inflammation, cancer prevention, and anti-diabetes. Although C3G is assumed to be an antioxidant, it has been reported to affect cell-matrix adhesions. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, we show that the expression of talin1, a key regulator of integrins and cell adhesions, negatively correlated with the survival rate of colon cancer patients and that depletion of talin1 inhibited 3D spheroid growth in colon cancer cells. Interestingly, C3G bound to talin and promoted the interaction of talin with β1A-integrin. Molecular docking analysis shows that C3G binds to the interface of the talin-β-integrin complex, acting as an allosteric regulator and altering the interaction between talin and integrin. Moreover, C3G promoted colon cancer cell attachment to fibronectin. While C3G had no significant effect on colon cancer cell proliferation, it significantly inhibited 3D spheroid growth in fibrin gel assays. Since C3G has no or very low toxicity, it could be potentially used for colon cancer prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Baster
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Liqing Li
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sampo Kukkurainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FL, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Olli Pentikäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, FL, USA
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, FL, USA.,Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, FL, USA
| | - Haining Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Cai Huang
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Kim MJ, Lee MY, Shon JC, Kwon YS, Liu KH, Lee CH, Ku KM. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics analyses of blackberries – Understanding postharvest red drupelet disorder. Food Chem 2019; 300:125169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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