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Phan F, Bourron O, Foufelle F, Le Stunff H, Hajduch E. Sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling in the heart: exploring emerging perspectives in cardiopathology. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38965662 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disorders contribute to the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. Emerging sphingolipid metabolites like sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors, S1PRs, present a dynamic signalling axis significantly impacting cardiac homeostasis. S1P's intricate mechanisms extend to its transportation in the bloodstream by two specific carriers: high-density lipoprotein particles and albumin. This intricate transport system ensures the accessibility of S1P to distant target tissues, influencing several physiological processes critical for cardiovascular health. This review delves into the diverse functions of S1P and S1PRs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions of the heart. Emphasis is placed on their diverse roles in modulating cardiac health, spanning from cardiac contractility, angiogenesis, inflammation, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. The intricate interplays involving S1P and its receptors are analysed concerning different cardiac cell types, shedding light on their respective roles in different heart diseases. We also review the therapeutic applications of targeting S1P/S1PRs in cardiac diseases, considering existing drugs like Fingolimod, as well as the prospects and challenges in developing novel therapies that selectively modulate S1PRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Phan
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Diabetology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Bourron
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Diabetology Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Foufelle
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Eric Hajduch
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
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2
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Ji X, Chen Z, Wang Q, Li B, Wei Y, Li Y, Lin J, Cheng W, Guo Y, Wu S, Mao L, Xiang Y, Lan T, Gu S, Wei M, Zhang JZ, Jiang L, Wang J, Xu J, Cao N. Sphingolipid metabolism controls mammalian heart regeneration. Cell Metab 2024; 36:839-856.e8. [PMID: 38367623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Utilization of lipids as energy substrates after birth causes cardiomyocyte (CM) cell-cycle arrest and loss of regenerative capacity in mammalian hearts. Beyond energy provision, proper management of lipid composition is crucial for cellular and organismal health, but its role in heart regeneration remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate widespread sphingolipid metabolism remodeling in neonatal hearts after injury and find that SphK1 and SphK2, isoenzymes producing the same sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), differently regulate cardiac regeneration. SphK2 is downregulated during heart development and determines CM proliferation via nuclear S1P-dependent modulation of histone acetylation. Reactivation of SphK2 induces adult CM cell-cycle re-entry and cytokinesis, thereby enhancing regeneration. Conversely, SphK1 is upregulated during development and promotes fibrosis through an S1P autocrine mechanism in cardiac fibroblasts. By fine-tuning the activity of each SphK isoform, we develop a therapy that simultaneously promotes myocardial repair and restricts fibrotic scarring to regenerate the infarcted adult hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Ji
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Bin Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yun Li
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianqing Lin
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weisheng Cheng
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yijie Guo
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shilin Wu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Longkun Mao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yuzhou Xiang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Nan Cao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China.
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Wang N, Li JY, Zeng B, Chen GL. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050818. [PMID: 37238688 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an important sphingolipid molecule involved in regulating cardiovascular functions in physiological and pathological conditions by binding and activating the three G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1, S1PR2, and S1PR3) expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cells, as well as cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. It exerts its actions through various downstream signaling pathways mediating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. S1P is essential for the development of the cardiovascular system, and abnormal S1P content in the circulation is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders. This article reviews the effects of S1P on cardiovascular function and signaling mechanisms in different cell types in the heart and blood vessels under diseased conditions. Finally, we look forward to more clinical findings with approved S1PR modulators and the development of S1P-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Gui-Lan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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Chen K, Wang Z, Liu C, Yang X, Jiang J. Sphingosine-1-phosphate Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Through Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:562-573. [PMID: 35999060 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) is involved in the development and progression of various forms of heart disease and may lead to myocardial apoptosis. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) possesses cardioprotective properties, including anti-apoptosis. However, little is known about the link between S1P and ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis. This study investigated the regulatory role of S1P in ER stress-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. METHODS ER stress and myocardial apoptosis were induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or tunicamycin in mice, which were then treated with 2-acetyl-5-tetrahydroxybutyl imidazole (THI) or S1P. AC16 cells were treated with tunicamycin or thapsigargin, or pretreated with S1P, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) subtype antagonists, S1PR1 agonist, and PI3K and MEK inhibitors. Cardiac function, the level of S1P in plasma and heart, ER stress markers, cell viability, and apoptosis were detected. RESULTS S1P reduced the expression of ER stress-related molecules and ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis in mice subjected to TAC or an injection of tunicamycin. Furthermore, in AC16 cells exposed to thapsigargin or tunicamycin, S1P decreased the expression of ER stress-related molecules, promoting cell viability and survival. Nevertheless, the S1PR1 antagonist abrogated the protection of S1P. Subsequently, in TAC S1PR1 heterozygous (S1PR1+/-) mice, S1P had no effect on ER stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Notably, in vitro, the impact of anti-ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis by the S1PR1 agonist was reversed by PI3K and MEK inhibitors. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that S1P relieves ER stress-induced myocardial apoptosis via S1PR1/AKT and S1PR1/ERK1/2, which are potential therapeutic targets for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengquan Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongqin Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangang Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Spampinato SF, Sortino MA, Salomone S. Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors in the cardiovascular system: pharmacology and clinical implications. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:95-139. [PMID: 35659378 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid that binds and activates five distinct receptor subtypes, S1P1, S1P2, S1P3, S1P4, S1P5, widely expressed in different cells, tissues and organs. In the cardiovascular system these receptors have been extensively studied, but no drug acting on them has been approved so far for treating cardiovascular diseases. In contrast, a number of S1P receptor agonists are approved as immunomodulators, mainly for multiple sclerosis, because of their action on lymphocyte trafficking. This chapter summarizes the available information on S1P receptors in the cardiovascular system and discusses their potential for treating cardiovascular conditions and/or their role on the clinical pharmacology of drugs so far approved for non-cardiovascular conditions. Basic research has recently produced data useful to understand the molecular pharmacology of S1P and S1P receptors, regarding biased agonism, S1P storage, release and vehiculation and chaperoning by lipoproteins, paracrine actions, intracellular non-receptorial S1P actions. On the other hand, the approval of fingolimod and newer generation S1P receptor ligands as immunomodulators, provides information on a number of clinical observations on the impact of these drugs on cardiovascular system which need to be integrated with preclinical data. S1P receptors are potential targets for prevention and treatment of major cardiovascular conditions, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Angela Sortino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Salomone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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You aren't IMMUNE to the ceramides that accumulate in cardiometabolic disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159125. [PMID: 35218934 PMCID: PMC9050903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity leads to persistent increases in immune responses that contribute to cardiometabolic pathologies such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Pro-inflammatory macrophages infiltrate the expanding fat mass, which leads to increased production of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Moreover, saturated fatty acids enhance signaling through the toll-like receptors involved in innate immunity. Herein we discuss the evidence that ceramides-which are intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway that produces sphingolipids-are essential intermediates that link these inflammatory signals to impaired tissue function. We discuss the mechanisms linking these immune insults to ceramide production and review the numerous ceramide actions that alter cellular metabolism, induce oxidative stress, and stimulate apoptosis. Lastly, we evaluate the correlation of ceramides in humans with inflammation-linked cardiometabolic disease and discuss preclinical studies which suggest that ceramide-lowering interventions may be an effective strategy to treat or prevent such maladies.
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Molecular Signaling to Preserve Mitochondrial Integrity against Ischemic Stress in the Heart: Rescue or Remove Mitochondria in Danger. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123330. [PMID: 34943839 PMCID: PMC8699551 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death and global health problems worldwide, and ischemic heart disease is the most common cause of heart failure (HF). The heart is a high-energy demanding organ, and myocardial energy reserves are limited. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, but under stress conditions, they become damaged, release necrotic and apoptotic factors, and contribute to cell death. Loss of cardiomyocytes plays a significant role in ischemic heart disease. In response to stress, protective signaling pathways are activated to limit mitochondrial deterioration and protect the heart. To prevent mitochondrial death pathways, damaged mitochondria are removed by mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy). Mitochondrial quality control mediated by mitophagy is functionally linked to mitochondrial dynamics. This review provides a current understanding of the signaling mechanisms by which the integrity of mitochondria is preserved in the heart against ischemic stress.
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Kuang Y, Li X, Liu X, Wei L, Chen X, Liu J, Zhuang T, Pi J, Wang Y, Zhu C, Gong X, Hu H, Yu Z, Li J, Yu P, Fan H, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhang L. Vascular endothelial S1pr1 ameliorates adverse cardiac remodelling via stimulating reparative macrophage proliferation after myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:585-599. [PMID: 32091582 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Endothelial cell (EC) homoeostasis plays an important role in normal physiological cardiac functions, and its dysfunction significantly influences pathological cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). It has been shown that the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1pr1) was highly expressed in ECs and played an important role in maintaining endothelial functions. We thus hypothesized that the endothelial S1pr1 might be involved in post-MI cardiac remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS Our study showed that the specific loss of endothelial S1pr1 exacerbated post-MI cardiac remodelling and worsened cardiac dysfunction. We found that the loss of endothelial S1pr1 significantly reduced Ly6clow macrophage accumulation, which is critical for the resolution of inflammation and cardiac healing following MI. The reduced reparative macrophages in post-MI myocardium contributed to the detrimental effects of endothelial S1pr1 deficiency on post-MI cardiac remodelling. Further investigations showed that the loss of endothelial S1pr1-reduced Ly6clow macrophage proliferation, while the pharmacological activation of S1pr1-enhanced Ly6clow macrophage proliferation, thereby ameliorated cardiac remodelling after MI. A mechanism study showed that S1P/S1pr1 activated the ERK signalling pathway and enhanced colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) expression, which promoted Ly6clow macrophage proliferation in a cell-contact manner. The blockade of CSF1 signalling reversed the enhancing effect of S1pr1 activation on Ly6clow macrophage proliferation and worsened post-MI cardiac remodelling. CONCLUSION This study reveals that cardiac microvascular endothelium promotes reparative macrophage proliferation in injured hearts via the S1P/S1PR1/ERK/CSF1 pathway and thus ameliorates post-MI adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashu Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Medical School, Internal Medicine Department, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Xiuxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jingjiang Pi
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chenying Zhu
- Heart Failure Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Heart Failure Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Heart Failure Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jiming Li
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Heart Failure Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Heart Failure Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Pudong New District, Shanghai 200120, China
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Cirillo F, Piccoli M, Ghiroldi A, Monasky MM, Rota P, La Rocca P, Tarantino A, D'Imperio S, Signorelli P, Pappone C, Anastasia L. The antithetic role of ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate in cardiac dysfunction. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4857-4873. [PMID: 33432663 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally and the number of cardiovascular patients, which is estimated to be over 30 million in 2018, represent a challenging issue for the healthcare systems worldwide. Therefore, the identification of novel molecular targets to develop new treatments is an ongoing challenge for the scientific community. In this context, sphingolipids (SLs) have been progressively recognized as potent bioactive compounds that play crucial roles in the modulation of several key biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, SLs involvement in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology attracted much attention, since these molecules could be crucial in the development of CVDs. Among SLs, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) represent the most studied bioactive lipid mediators, which are characterized by opposing activities in the regulation of the fate of cardiac cells. In particular, maintaining the balance of the so-called ceramide/S1P rheostat emerged as an important novel therapeutical target to counteract CVDs. Thus, this review aims at critically summarizing the current knowledge about the antithetic roles of ceramide and S1P in cardiomyocytes dysfunctions, highlighting how the modulation of their metabolism through specific molecules, such as myriocin and FTY720, could represent a novel and interesting therapeutic approach to improve the management of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Rota
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara D'Imperio
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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10
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Wafa D, Koch N, Kovács J, Kerék M, Proia RL, Tigyi GJ, Benyó Z, Miklós Z. Opposing Roles of S1P 3 Receptors in Myocardial Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081770. [PMID: 32722120 PMCID: PMC7466142 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid mediator with diverse biological function mediated by S1P1–5 receptors. Whereas S1P was shown to protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, other studies highlighted its vasoconstrictor effects. We aimed to separate the beneficial and potentially deleterious cardiac effects of S1P during I/R and identify the signaling pathways involved. Wild type (WT), S1P2-KO and S1P3-KO Langendorff-perfused murine hearts were exposed to intravascular S1P, I/R, or both. S1P induced a 45% decrease of coronary flow (CF) in WT-hearts. The presence of S1P-chaperon albumin did not modify this effect. CF reduction diminished in S1P3-KO but not in S1P2-KO hearts, indicating that in our model S1P3 mediates coronary vasoconstriction. In I/R experiments, S1P3 deficiency had no influence on postischemic CF but diminished functional recovery and increased infarct size, indicating a cardioprotective effect of S1P3. Preischemic S1P exposure resulted in a substantial reduction of postischemic CF and cardiac performance and increased the infarcted area. Although S1P3 deficiency increased postischemic CF, this failed to improve cardiac performance. These results indicate a dual role of S1P3 involving a direct protective action on the myocardium and a cardiosuppressive effect due to coronary vasoconstriction. In acute coronary syndrome when S1P may be released abundantly, intravascular and myocardial S1P production might have competing influences on myocardial function via activation of S1P3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Wafa
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (Z.M.)
| | - Nóra Koch
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
| | - Janka Kovács
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
| | - Margit Kerék
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
| | - Richard L. Proia
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Gábor J. Tigyi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Miklós
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (N.K.); (J.K.); (M.K.); (G.J.T.); (Z.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.W.); (Z.M.)
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11
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Jozefczuk E, Guzik TJ, Siedlinski M. Significance of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104793. [PMID: 32278039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid, synthetized by sphingosine kinases (SPHK1 and SPHK2), that affects cardiovascular function in various ways. S1P signaling is complex, particularly since its molecular action is reliant on the differential expression of its receptors (S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, S1PR4, S1PR5) within various tissues. Significance of this sphingolipid is manifested early in vertebrate development as certain defects in S1P signaling result in embryonic lethality due to defective vasculo- or cardiogenesis. Similar in the mature organism, S1P orchestrates both physiological and pathological processes occurring in the heart and vasculature of higher eukaryotes. S1P regulates cell fate, vascular tone, endothelial function and integrity as well as lymphocyte trafficking, thus disbalance in its production and signaling has been linked with development of such pathologies as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and aberrant angiogenesis. Number of signaling mechanisms are critical - from endothelial nitric oxide synthase through STAT3, MAPK and Akt pathways to HDL particles involved in redox and inflammatory balance. Moreover, S1P controls both acute cardiac responses (cardiac inotropy and chronotropy), as well as chronic processes (such as apoptosis and hypertrophy), hence numerous studies demonstrate significance of S1P in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic/fibrotic heart disease, myocardial infarction and heart failure. This review presents current knowledge concerning the role of S1P in the cardiovascular system, as well as potential therapeutic approaches to target S1P signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jozefczuk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - T J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Siedlinski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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12
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Combinatorial allosteric modulation of agonist response in a self-interacting G-protein coupled receptor. Commun Biol 2020; 3:27. [PMID: 31941999 PMCID: PMC6962373 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural plasticity of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) enables the long-range transmission of conformational changes induced by specific orthosteric site ligands and other pleiotropic factors. Here, we demonstrate that the ligand binding cavity in the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor S1PR1, a class A GPCR, is in allosteric communication with both the β-arrestin-binding C-terminal tail, and a receptor surface involved in oligomerization. We show that S1PR1 oligomers are required for full response to different agonists and ligand-specific association with arrestins, dictating the downstream signalling kinetics. We reveal that the active form of the immunomodulatory drug fingolimod, FTY720-P, selectively harnesses both these intramolecular networks to efficiently recruit β-arrestins in a stable interaction with the receptor, promoting deep S1PR1 internalization and simultaneously abrogating ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Our results define a molecular basis for the efficacy of fingolimod for people with multiple sclerosis, and attest that GPCR signalling can be further fine-tuned by the oligomeric state. Patrone et al study the mechanism by which fingolimod, a drug used for multiple sclerosis, and agonist to G-coupled receptor S1PR1, compared to the endogenous ligand S1P. They find that whereas S1P binds a S1PR1 dimer, the action of fingolimod is dependent on receptor oligomerisation, which affects β-arrestin binding, internalisation and signaling.
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13
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Kovilakath A, Jamil M, Cowart LA. Sphingolipids in the Heart: From Cradle to Grave. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 33042014 PMCID: PMC7522163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and this has largely been driven by the increase in metabolic disease in recent decades. Metabolic disease alters metabolism, distribution, and profiles of sphingolipids in multiple organs and tissues; as such, sphingolipid metabolism and signaling have been vigorously studied as contributors to metabolic pathophysiology in various pathological outcomes of obesity, including cardiovascular disease. Much experimental evidence suggests that targeting sphingolipid metabolism may be advantageous in the context of cardiometabolic disease. The heart, however, is a structurally and functionally complex organ where bioactive sphingolipids have been shown not only to mediate pathological processes, but also to contribute to essential functions in cardiogenesis and cardiac function. Additionally, some sphingolipids are protective in the context of ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition to mechanistic contributions, untargeted lipidomics approaches used in recent years have identified some specific circulating sphingolipids as novel biomarkers in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize recent literature on both deleterious and beneficial contributions of sphingolipids to cardiogenesis and myocardial function as well as recent identification of novel sphingolipid biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk prediction and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Maryam Jamil
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lauren Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lauren Ashley Cowart
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14
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Mamazhakypov A, Schermuly RT, Schaefer L, Wygrecka M. Lipids - two sides of the same coin in lung fibrosis. Cell Signal 2019; 60:65-80. [PMID: 30998969 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix deposition in the lung parenchyma leading to the destruction of lung structure, respiratory failure and premature death. Recent studies revealed that the pathogenesis of IPF is associated with alterations in the synthesis and the activity of lipids, lipid regulating proteins and cell membrane lipid transporters and receptors in different lung cells. Furthermore, deregulated lipid metabolism was found to contribute to the profibrotic phenotypes of lung fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells. Consequently, several pharmacological agents, targeting lipids, lipid mediators, and lipoprotein receptors, was successfully tested in the animal models of lung fibrosis and entered early phase clinical trials. In this review, we highlight new therapeutic options to counteract disturbed lipid hemostasis in the maladaptive lung remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Goethe University School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
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15
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Bencivenga L, Liccardo D, Napolitano C, Visaggi L, Rengo G, Leosco D. β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling and Heart Failure: From Bench to Bedside. Heart Fail Clin 2019; 15:409-419. [PMID: 31079699 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in management and therapeutic approach in the last decades, heart failure is still associated with high mortality rates. The sustained enhancement in the sympathetic nervous system tone, observed in patients with heart failure, causes alteration in β-adrenergic receptor signaling and function. This latter phenomenon is the result of several heart failure-related molecular abnormalities involving adrenergic receptors, G-protein-coupled receptor kinases, and β-arrestins. This article summarizes novel encouraging preclinical strategies to reactivate β-adrenergic receptor signaling in heart failure, including pharmacologic and gene therapy approaches, and attempts to translate acquired notions into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Carmen Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Lucia Visaggi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit (ICS Maugeri SpA SB), Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Dario Leosco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Geriatrics, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
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16
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Greig FH, Nather K, Ballantyne MD, Kazi ZH, Alganga H, Ewart MA, Zaborska KE, Fertig B, Pyne NJ, Pyne S, Kennedy S. Requirement for sphingosine kinase 1 in mediating phase 1 of the hypotensive response to anandamide in the anaesthetised mouse. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:1-9. [PMID: 30359564 PMCID: PMC6318480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the isolated rat carotid artery, the endocannabinoid anandamide induces endothelium-dependent relaxation via activation of the enzyme sphingosine kinase (SK). This generates sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) which can be released from the cell and activates S1P receptors on the endothelium. In anaesthetised mice, anandamide has a well-characterised triphasic effect on blood pressure but the contribution of SK and S1P receptors in mediating changes in blood pressure has never been studied. Therefore, we assessed this in the current study. The peak hypotensive response to 1 and 10 mg/kg anandamide was measured in control C57BL/6 mice and in mice pretreated with selective inhibitors of SK1 (BML-258, also known as SK1-I) or SK2 ((R)-FTY720 methylether (ROMe), a dual SK1/2 inhibitor (SKi) or an S1P1 receptor antagonist (W146). Vasodilator responses to S1P were also studied in isolated mouse aortic rings. The hypotensive response to anandamide was significantly attenuated by BML-258 but not by ROMe. Antagonising S1P1 receptors with W146 completely blocked the fall in systolic but not diastolic blood pressure in response to anandamide. S1P induced vasodilation in denuded aortic rings was blocked by W146 but caused no vasodilation in endothelium-intact rings. This study provides evidence that the SK1/S1P regulatory-axis is necessary for the rapid hypotension induced by anandamide. Generation of S1P in response to anandamide likely activates S1P1 to reduce total peripheral resistance and lower mean arterial pressure. These findings have important implications in our understanding of the hypotensive and cardiovascular actions of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Greig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Katrin Nather
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Margaret D Ballantyne
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Zeshan H Kazi
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Husam Alganga
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marie-Ann Ewart
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Karolina E Zaborska
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Bracy Fertig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nigel J Pyne
- Cell Biology Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Susan Pyne
- Cell Biology Group, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Simon Kennedy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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17
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Jaigirdar SA, Benson RA, Elmesmari A, Kurowska-Stolarska MS, McInnes IB, Garside P, MacLeod MKL. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Promotes the Persistence of Activated CD4 T Cells in Inflamed Sites. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1627. [PMID: 29225602 PMCID: PMC5705559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can be protective or pathogenic depending on context and timeframe. Acute inflammation, including the accumulation of CD4 T cells, accompanies protective immune responses to pathogens, but the presence of activated CD4 T cells at sites of inflammation is associated with chronic inflammatory disease. While significant progress has been made in understanding the migration of CD4 T cells into inflamed sites, the signals that lead to their persistence are poorly characterized. Using a murine ear model of acute inflammation and intravital two-photon imaging, we have dissected the signals that mediate CD4 T cell persistence. We report the unexpected finding that the bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is both necessary and sufficient for the persistence of activated CD4 T cells at peripheral tissues in acute inflammation. S1P mediated the enhanced motility of CD4 T cells at inflamed tissues but did not affect their migration to the downstream draining lymph node. We found that sphingosine kinase-1, which regulates S1P production is increased at inflamed sites in mice and in patients with the chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis. Together, these data suggest that S1P, or its regulators, may be key targets to promote or disrupt accumulation of CD4 T cells at inflamed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafqat Ahrar Jaigirdar
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Benson
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Aziza Elmesmari
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Iain B McInnes
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Garside
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Megan K L MacLeod
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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18
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Kono M, Conlon EG, Lux SY, Yanagida K, Hla T, Proia RL. Bioluminescence imaging of G protein-coupled receptor activation in living mice. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1163. [PMID: 29079828 PMCID: PMC5660082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell-surface receptors involved in virtually all physiological processes, are the major target class for approved drugs. Imaging GPCR activation in real time in living animals would provide a powerful way to study their role in biology and disease. Here, we describe a mouse model that enables the bioluminescent detection of GPCR activation in real time by utilizing the clinically important GPCR, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1). A synthetic S1P1 signaling pathway, designed to report the interaction between S1P1 and β-arrestin2 via the firefly split luciferase fragment complementation system, is genetically encoded in these mice. Upon receptor activation and subsequent β-arrestin2 recruitment, an active luciferase enzyme complex is produced, which can be detected by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. This imaging strategy reveals the dynamics and spatial specificity of S1P1 activation in normal and pathophysiologic contexts in vivo and can be applied to other GPCRs. G protein-coupled receptors are involved in numerous physiological functions, thus, they represent potential pharmaceutical targets. Here Kono et al. describe a new mouse model to image GPCR activation in real-time by exploiting firefly split luciferase fragment complementation that can be detected by bioluminescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Conlon
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samantha Y Lux
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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19
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Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Komici K, Corbi G, de Lucia C, Femminella GD, Elia A, Bencivenga L, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Paolocci N, Rengo G. Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Signaling and Actions in the Cardiovascular System. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:556. [PMID: 28878674 PMCID: PMC5572949 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) catalyze the phosphorylation of the lipid, sphingosine, generating the signal transmitter, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The activation of such kinases and the subsequent S1P generation and secretion in the blood serum of mammals represent a major checkpoint in many cellular signaling cascades. In fact, activating the SphK/S1P system is critical for cell motility and proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cell growth, survival, and response to stress. In the cardiovascular system, the physiological effects of S1P intervene through the binding and activation of a family of five highly selective G protein-coupled receptors, called S1PR1-5. Importantly, SphK/S1P signal is present on both vascular and myocardial cells. S1P is a well-recognized survival factor in many tissues. Therefore, it is not surprising that the last two decades have seen a flourishing of interest and investigative efforts directed to obtain additional mechanistic insights into the signaling, as well as the biological activity of this phospholipid, and of its receptors, especially in the cardiovascular system. Here, we will provide an up-to-date account on the structure and function of sphingosine kinases, discussing the generation, release, and function of S1P. Keeping the bull's eye on the cardiovascular system, we will review the structure and signaling cascades and biological actions emanating from the stimulation of different S1P receptors. We will end this article with a summary of the most recent, experimental and clinical observations targeting S1PRs and SphKs as possible new therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular disorders, such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of MoliseCampobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio de Lucia
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | | | - Andrea Elia
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy.,Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Walter J Koch
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, BaltimoreMD, United States.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy.,Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
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20
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Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Komici K, Corbi G, de Lucia C, Femminella GD, Elia A, Bencivenga L, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Paolocci N, Rengo G. Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Signaling and Actions in the Cardiovascular System. Front Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28878674 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SphK1 and 2) catalyze the phosphorylation of the lipid, sphingosine, generating the signal transmitter, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The activation of such kinases and the subsequent S1P generation and secretion in the blood serum of mammals represent a major checkpoint in many cellular signaling cascades. In fact, activating the SphK/S1P system is critical for cell motility and proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, cell growth, survival, and response to stress. In the cardiovascular system, the physiological effects of S1P intervene through the binding and activation of a family of five highly selective G protein-coupled receptors, called S1PR1-5. Importantly, SphK/S1P signal is present on both vascular and myocardial cells. S1P is a well-recognized survival factor in many tissues. Therefore, it is not surprising that the last two decades have seen a flourishing of interest and investigative efforts directed to obtain additional mechanistic insights into the signaling, as well as the biological activity of this phospholipid, and of its receptors, especially in the cardiovascular system. Here, we will provide an up-to-date account on the structure and function of sphingosine kinases, discussing the generation, release, and function of S1P. Keeping the bull's eye on the cardiovascular system, we will review the structure and signaling cascades and biological actions emanating from the stimulation of different S1P receptors. We will end this article with a summary of the most recent, experimental and clinical observations targeting S1PRs and SphKs as possible new therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular disorders, such as heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of MoliseCampobasso, Italy
| | - Claudio de Lucia
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | | | - Andrea Elia
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
| | - Walter J Koch
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University, PhiladelphiaPA, United States
| | - Nazareno Paolocci
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University Medical Institutions, BaltimoreMD, United States
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA Società Benefit, Telese Terme Institute (BN)Telese, Italy
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21
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Yung BS, Brand CS, Xiang SY, Gray CBB, Means CK, Rosen H, Chun J, Purcell NH, Brown JH, Miyamoto S. Selective coupling of the S1P 3 receptor subtype to S1P-mediated RhoA activation and cardioprotection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 103:1-10. [PMID: 28017639 PMCID: PMC5410967 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lysophospholipid, is generated and released at sites of tissue injury in the heart and can act on S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3 receptor subtypes to affect cardiovascular responses. We established that S1P causes little phosphoinositide hydrolysis and does not induce hypertrophy indicating that it does not cause receptor coupling to Gq. We previously demonstrated that S1P confers cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion by activating RhoA and its downstream effector PKD. The S1P receptor subtypes and G proteins that regulate RhoA activation and downstream responses in the heart have not been determined. Using siRNA or pertussis toxin to inhibit different G proteins in NRVMs we established that S1P regulates RhoA activation through Gα13 but not Gα12, Gαq, or Gαi. Knockdown of the three major S1P receptors using siRNA demonstrated a requirement for S1P3 in RhoA activation and subsequent phosphorylation of PKD, and this was confirmed in studies using isolated hearts from S1P3 knockout (KO) mice. S1P treatment reduced infarct size induced by ischemia/reperfusion in Langendorff perfused wild-type (WT) hearts and this protection was abolished in the S1P3 KO mouse heart. CYM-51736, an S1P3-specific agonist, also decreased infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion to a degree similar to that achieved by S1P. The finding that S1P3 receptor- and Gα13-mediated RhoA activation is responsible for protection against ischemia/reperfusion suggests that selective targeting of S1P3 receptors could provide therapeutic benefits in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan S Yung
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Sunny Y Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Charles B B Gray
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | | | - Hugh Rosen
- Department of Chemical Physiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Nicole H Purcell
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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22
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Castaldi A, Chesini GP, Taylor AE, Sussman MA, Brown JH, Purcell NH. Sphingosine 1-phosphate elicits RhoA-dependent proliferation and MRTF-A mediated gene induction in CPCs. Cell Signal 2016; 28:871-9. [PMID: 27094722 PMCID: PMC5004781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although c-kit(+) cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are currently used in clinical trials there remain considerable gaps in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying their proliferation and differentiation. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in regulating these processes in mammalian cell types thus we assessed GPCR mRNA expression in c-kit(+) cells isolated from adult mouse hearts. Our data provide the first comprehensive overview of the distribution of this fundamental class of cardiac receptors in CPCs and reveal notable distinctions from that of adult cardiomyocytes. We focused on GPCRs that couple to RhoA activation in particular those for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). The S1P2 and S1P3 receptors are the most abundant S1P receptor subtypes in mouse and human CPCs while cardiomyocytes express predominantly S1P1 receptors. Treatment of CPCs with S1P, as with thrombin and serum, increased proliferation through a pathway requiring RhoA signaling, as evidenced by significant attenuation when Rho was inhibited by treatment with C3 toxin. Further analysis demonstrated that both S1P- and serum-induced proliferation are regulated through the S1P2 and S1P3 receptor subtypes which couple to Gα12/13 to elicit RhoA activation. The transcriptional co-activator MRTF-A was activated by S1P as assessed by its nuclear accumulation and induction of a RhoA/MRTF-A luciferase reporter. In addition S1P treatment increased expression of cardiac lineage markers Mef2C and GATA4 and the smooth muscle marker GATA6 through activation of MRTF-A. In conclusion, we delineate an S1P-regulated signaling pathway in CPCs that introduces the possibility of targeting S1P2/3 receptors, Gα12/13 or RhoA to influence the proliferation and commitment of c-kit(+) CPCs and improve the response of the myocardium following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Castaldi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Gino P Chesini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Amy E Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego State Heart Institute, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
| | - Nicole H Purcell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
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23
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Lai MKP, Chew WS, Torta F, Rao A, Harris GL, Chun J, Herr DR. Biological Effects of Naturally Occurring Sphingolipids, Uncommon Variants, and Their Analogs. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:396-414. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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24
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Li N, Zhang F. Implication of sphingosin-1-phosphate in cardiovascular regulation. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:1296-313. [PMID: 27100508 DOI: 10.2741/4458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite generated by phosphorylation of sphingosine catalyzed by sphingosine kinase. S1P acts mainly through its high affinity G-protein-coupled receptors and participates in the regulation of multiple systems, including cardiovascular system. It has been shown that S1P signaling is involved in the regulation of cardiac chronotropy and inotropy and contributes to cardioprotection as well as cardiac remodeling; S1P signaling regulates vascular function, such as vascular tone and endothelial barrier, and possesses an anti-atherosclerotic effect; S1P signaling is also implicated in the regulation of blood pressure. Therefore, manipulation of S1P signaling may offer novel therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular diseases. As several S1P receptor modulators and sphingosine kinase inhibitors have been approved or under clinical trials for the treatment of other diseases, it may expedite the test and implementation of these S1P-based drugs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjun Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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25
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Keul P, van Borren MMGJ, Ghanem A, Müller FU, Baartscheer A, Verkerk AO, Stümpel F, Schulte JS, Hamdani N, Linke WA, van Loenen P, Matus M, Schmitz W, Stypmann J, Tiemann K, Ravesloot JH, Alewijnse AE, Hermann S, Spijkers LJA, Hiller KH, Herr D, Heusch G, Schäfers M, Peters SLM, Chun J, Levkau B. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Regulates Cardiac Function by Modulating Ca2+ Sensitivity and Na+/H+ Exchange and Mediates Protection by Ischemic Preconditioning. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003393. [PMID: 27207969 PMCID: PMC4889204 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate plays vital roles in cardiomyocyte physiology, myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury, and ischemic preconditioning. The function of the cardiomyocyte sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) in vivo is unknown. Methods and Results Cardiomyocyte‐restricted deletion of S1P1 in mice (S1P1αMHCCre) resulted in progressive cardiomyopathy, compromised response to dobutamine, and premature death. Isolated cardiomyocytes from S1P1αMHCCre mice revealed reduced diastolic and systolic Ca2+ concentrations that were secondary to reduced intracellular Na+ and caused by suppressed activity of the sarcolemmal Na+/H+ exchanger NHE‐1 in the absence of S1P1. This scenario was successfully reproduced in wild‐type cardiomyocytes by pharmacological inhibition of S1P1 or sphingosine kinases. Furthermore, Sarcomere shortening of S1P1αMHCCre cardiomyocytes was intact, but sarcomere relaxation was attenuated and Ca2+ sensitivity increased, respectively. This went along with reduced phosphorylation of regulatory myofilament proteins such as myosin light chain 2, myosin‐binding protein C, and troponin I. In addition, S1P1 mediated the inhibitory effect of exogenous sphingosine‐1‐phosphate on β‐adrenergic–induced cardiomyocyte contractility by inhibiting the adenylate cyclase. Furthermore, ischemic precondtioning was abolished in S1P1αMHCCre mice and was accompanied by defective Akt activation during preconditioning. Conclusions Tonic S1P1 signaling by endogenous sphingosine‐1‐phosphate contributes to intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis by maintaining basal NHE‐1 activity and controls simultaneously myofibril Ca2+ sensitivity through its inhibitory effect on adenylate cyclase. Cardioprotection by ischemic precondtioning depends on intact S1P1 signaling. These key findings on S1P1 functions in cardiac physiology may offer novel therapeutic approaches to cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Keul
- Institute for Pathophysiology, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Ghanem
- Department of Cardiology, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Arie O Verkerk
- Heart Failure Research Center, AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Stümpel
- Institute for Pharmakology und Toxikology, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Pieter van Loenen
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapy, AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marek Matus
- Institute for Pharmakology und Toxikology, Münster, Germany Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Jörg Stypmann
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik C, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Tiemann
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik C, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Astrid E Alewijnse
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapy, AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, Münster, Germany
| | - Léon J A Spijkers
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapy, AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karl-Heinz Hiller
- MRB Forschungszentrum Magnet-Resonanz-Bayern e.V., Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deron Herr
- Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Stephan L M Peters
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapy, AMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerold Chun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute for Pathophysiology, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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26
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Shao X, Liu K, Fan Y, Ding Z, Chen M, Zhu M, Weinstein LS, Li H, Li H. Gαs Relays Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Signaling to Stabilize Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin at Endothelial Junctions to Control Mouse Embryonic Vascular Integrity. J Genet Genomics 2015; 42:613-624. [PMID: 26674379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), controls vascular stability by stabilizing vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin junctional localization and inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms that link S1PR1 signaling to intracellular effectors remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the heterotrimeric G protein subfamily member Gαs, encoded by GNAS, acts as a relay mediator of S1PR1 signaling to control vascular integrity by stabilizing VE-cadherin at endothelial junctions. The endothelial cell-specific deletion of Gαs in mice causes early embryonic lethality with massive hemorrhage and a disorganized vasculature. The immunostaining results revealed that Gαs deletion remarkably reduces the junctional localization of VE-cadherin, whereas the mural cell coverage of the vessels is not impaired. In addition, we found that Gαs depletion blocks the S1PR1-activation induced VE-cadherin stabilization at junctions, supporting that Gαs acts downstream of S1PR1 signaling. Thus, our results demonstrate that Gαs is an essential mediator to relay S1PR1 signaling and maintain vascular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Shao
- West China Developmental and Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ke Liu
- West China Developmental and Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Fan
- West China Developmental and Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihao Ding
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Chen
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Minyan Zhu
- SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hongchang Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Huashun Li
- West China Developmental and Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Nerdbio Inc., SIP Biobay, Suzhou 215213, China.
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27
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Pulli I, Blom T, Löf C, Magnusson M, Rimessi A, Pinton P, Törnquist K. A novel chimeric aequorin fused with caveolin-1 reveals a sphingosine kinase 1-regulated Ca²⁺ microdomain in the caveolar compartment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2173-82. [PMID: 25892494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are plasma membrane invaginations enriched in sterols and sphingolipids. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is an oncogenic protein that converts sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), which is a messenger molecule involved in calcium signaling. Caveolae contain calcium responsive proteins, but the effects of SK1 or S1P on caveolar calcium signaling have not been investigated. We generated a Caveolin-1-Aequorin fusion protein (Cav1-Aeq) that can be employed for monitoring the local calcium concentration at the caveolae ([Ca²⁺]cav). In HeLa cells, Cav1-Aeq reported different [Ca²⁺] as compared to the plasma membrane [Ca²⁺] in general (reported by SNAP25-Aeq) or as compared to the cytosolic [Ca²⁺] (reported by cyt-Aeq). The Ca²⁺ signals detected by Cav1-Aeq were significantly attenuated when the caveolar structures were disrupted by methyl-β-cyclodextrin, suggesting that the caveolae are specific targets for Ca²⁺ signaling. HeLa cells overexpressing SK1 showed increased [Ca²⁺]cav during histamine-induced Ca²⁺ mobilization in the absence of extracellular Ca²⁺ as well as during receptor-operated Ca²⁺ entry (ROCE). The SK1-induced increase in [Ca²⁺]cav during ROCE was reverted by S1P receptor antagonists. In accordance, pharmacologic inhibition of SK1 reduced the [Ca²⁺]cav during ROCE. S1P treatment stimulated the [Ca²⁺]cav upon ROCE. The Ca²⁺ responses at the plasma membrane in general were not affected by SK1 expression. In summary, our results show that SK1/S1P-signaling regulates Ca²⁺ signals at the caveolae. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 13th European Symposium on Calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilari Pulli
- Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tomas Blom
- University Of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christoffer Löf
- University Of Turku, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Alessandro Rimessi
- University of Ferrara, Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- University of Ferrara, Dept. of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kid Törnquist
- Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland; Minerva Foundation Institute For Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki, 00270 Helsinki, Finland.
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28
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Van Linthout S, Frias M, Singh N, De Geest B. Therapeutic potential of HDL in cardioprotection and tissue repair. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 224:527-565. [PMID: 25523001 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09665-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies support a strong association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and heart failure incidence. Experimental evidence from different angles supports the view that low HDL is unlikely an innocent bystander in the development of heart failure. HDL exerts direct cardioprotective effects, which are mediated via its interactions with the myocardium and more specifically with cardiomyocytes. HDL may improve cardiac function in several ways. Firstly, HDL may protect the heart against ischaemia/reperfusion injury resulting in a reduction of infarct size and thus in myocardial salvage. Secondly, HDL can improve cardiac function in the absence of ischaemic heart disease as illustrated by beneficial effects conferred by these lipoproteins in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Thirdly, HDL may improve cardiac function by reducing infarct expansion and by attenuating ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction. These different mechanisms are substantiated by in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo intervention studies that applied treatment with native HDL, treatment with reconstituted HDL, or human apo A-I gene transfer. The effect of human apo A-I gene transfer on infarct expansion and ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction illustrates the beneficial effects of HDL on tissue repair. The role of HDL in tissue repair is further underpinned by the potent effects of these lipoproteins on endothelial progenitor cell number, function, and incorporation, which may in particular be relevant under conditions of high endothelial cell turnover. Furthermore, topical HDL therapy enhances cutaneous wound healing in different models. In conclusion, the development of HDL-targeted interventions in these strategically chosen therapeutic areas is supported by a strong clinical rationale and significant preclinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Van Linthout
- Charité-University-Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapy (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
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29
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Hashimoto Y, Matsuzaki E, Higashi K, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Takano A, Hirata M, Nishimura F. Sphingosine-1-phosphate inhibits differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells into adipocyte. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 401:39-47. [PMID: 25445169 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into a number of cell types, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. MSC differentiation into adipocytes inhibits osteogenic differentiation and vice versa. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of MSC differentiation at the signaling level can lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies toward tissue regeneration. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling molecule that regulates many cellular responses, including cellular differentiation. However, the effects of S1P on MSC differentiation are largely unknown. The purpose of study was to investigate whether S1P drives MSCs toward either adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation, and if so, to clarify the underlying signaling mechanisms for such differentiation. We found that S1P inhibited adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 multipotent stem cells, while promoting their osteogenic differentiation. During adipogenic differentiation, S1P suppressed the cAMP accumulation in a Gi-protein-dependent manner. The Gi-dependent S1P signaling suppressed C/EBPβ expression, which is essential for adipogenic differentiation. Furthermore, S1P did not affect cAMP-independent adipogenic differentiation. These findings suggest that S1P suppresses cAMP accumulation, leading to inhibition of C/EBPβ expression, thereby resulting in decreased adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells. Thus, our findings provide novel molecular mechanisms as regards how S1P inhibits adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells, indicating a potential beneficial role for regeneration and repair of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hashimoto
- Periodontal Section, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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30
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Wilkerson BA, Argraves KM. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in endothelial barrier function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1841:1403-1412. [PMID: 25009123 PMCID: PMC4169319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Loss of endothelial barrier function is implicated in the etiology of metastasis, atherosclerosis, sepsis and many other diseases. Studies suggest that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), particularly HDL-bound S1P (HDL-S1P) is essential for endothelial barrier homeostasis and that HDL-S1P may be protective against the loss of endothelial barrier function in disease. This review summarizes evidence providing mechanistic insights into how S1P maintains endothelial barrier function, highlighting the recent findings that implicate the major S1P carrier, HDL, in the maintenance of the persistent S1P-signaling needed to maintain endothelial barrier function. We review the mechanisms proposed for HDL maintenance of persistent S1P-signaling, the evidence supporting these mechanisms and the remaining fundamental questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A Wilkerson
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., BSB650, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kelley M Argraves
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Ave., BSB650, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Igarashi J, Hashimoto T, Kubota Y, Shoji K, Maruyama T, Sakakibara N, Takuwa Y, Ujihara Y, Katanosaka Y, Mohri S, Naruse K, Yamashita T, Okamoto R, Hirano K, Kosaka H, Takata M, Konishi R, Tsukamoto I. Involvement of S1P1 receptor pathway in angiogenic effects of a novel adenosine-like nucleic acid analog COA-Cl in cultured human vascular endothelial cells. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00068. [PMID: 25505610 PMCID: PMC4186426 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COA-Cl (2Cl-C.OXT-A) is a recently developed adenosine-like nucleic acid analog that promotes angiogenesis via the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases ERK1/2. Endothelial S1P1 receptor plays indispensable roles in developmental angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the functions of S1P1 in COA-Cl-induced angiogenic responses. Antagonists for S1P1, W146, and VPC23019, substantially but still partly inhibited the effects of COA-Cl with regard to ERK1/2 activation and tube formation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Antagonists for adenosine A1 receptor and purinergic P2Y1 receptor were without effect. Genetic knockdown of S1P1 with siRNA, but not that of S1P3, attenuated COA-Cl-elicited ERK1/2 responses. The signaling properties of COA-Cl showed significant similarities to those of sphingosine 1-phosphate, an endogenous S1P1 ligand, in that both induced responses sensitive to pertussis toxin (Gα i/o inhibitor), 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), (calcium chelator), and PP2 (c-Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor). COA-Cl elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration and induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas, a substrate of c-Src, in HUVEC. COA-Cl displaced [3H]S1P in a radioligand-binding competition assay in chem-1 cells overexpressing S1P1. However, COA-Cl activated ERK1/2 in CHO-K1 cells that lack functional S1P1 receptor, suggesting the presence of additional yet-to-be-defined COA-Cl target in these cells. The results thus suggest the major contribution of S1P1 in the angiogenic effects of COA-Cl. However, other mechanism such as that seen in CHO-K1 cells may also be partly involved. Collectively, these findings may lead to refinement of the design of this nucleic acid analog and ultimately to development of small molecule-based therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuke Igarashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Shoji
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tokumi Maruyama
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Norikazu Sakakibara
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2193, Japan
| | - Yoh Takuwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ujihara
- Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yuki Katanosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shitada-Cho 2-5-1, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-0914, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Keiji Naruse
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shitada-Cho 2-5-1, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-0914, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yamashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryuji Okamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Maki Takata
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ryoji Konishi
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
| | - Ikuko Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmaco-Bio-Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-Gun, Kagawa, 761-0793, Japan
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Hepler JR. G protein coupled receptor signaling complexes in live cells. CELLULAR LOGISTICS 2014; 4:e29392. [PMID: 25279251 PMCID: PMC4160338 DOI: 10.4161/cl.29392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Classical models of receptor (GPCR) and G protein (Gαβγ) signaling based on biochemical studies have proposed that receptor stimulation results in G protein activation (Gα-GTP) and dissociation of the heterotrimer (Gα-GTP + Gβγ) to regulate downstream signaling events. Unclear is whether or not there exists freely diffusible, activated Gα-GTP on cellular membranes capable of catalytic signal amplification. Recent studies in live cells indicate that GPCRs serve as platforms for the assembly of macromolecular signaling complexes that include G proteins to support a highly efficient and spatially restricted signaling event, with no requirement for full Gα-GTP and Gβγ dissociation and lateral diffusion within the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Hepler
- Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA USA
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Waeber C, Walther T. Sphingosine-1-phosphate as a potential target for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Circ J 2014; 78:795-802. [PMID: 24632793 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-14-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling in the heart, with particular emphasis on how it could be modulated therapeutically in the context of myocardial infarction (MI). After a brief general description of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling, this review will examine the relationship between S1P and the beneficial effects of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and finally focus on the known actions of S1P on different mechanisms relevant to MI pathophysiology (cardiomyocyte protection, fibrosis, remodeling, arrhythmia, control of vascular tone and potential repair mechanisms). The potential of particular enzyme isoforms or receptor subtypes for the development of therapeutic agents for MI will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Waeber
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork
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34
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Pritchard AJ, Dev KK. The role of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in the treatment of demyelinating diseases. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl.13.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are a family of G-protein coupled receptors composed of subtypes S1PR1–5 and activated by the endogenous ligand sphingosine 1-phosphate. S1PRs are modulated by the recently approved oral therapy for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, called fingolimod (FTY720). The phosphorylated version of FTY720 (pFTY720) is a pan-S1PR agonist, with the exception of S1PR2. This drug promotes the internalization of S1PR1s in T cells and is said to act as a ‘functional antagonist’ making lymphocytes ‘blind’ to sphingosine 1-phosphate gradients and limiting cell egress from lymph nodes. This immunomodulatory effect of pFTY720 is proposed to be the prime mechanism by which this compound is efficacious in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Importantly, however, S1PRs are also expressed in many other cell types, for example, cells of the cardiovascular system and the CNS. Studies have shown that pFTY720 enters the CNS and that modulation of S1PRs can alter the cellular physiology of neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes. These works are suggestive of a potential role for S1PRs expressed in brain cells as targets for pFTY720. This article reviews the role of S1PRs in oligodendrocytes. The authors start by first debating whether pFTY720-mediated internalization of S1PRs causes ‘functional antagonism’ and/or ‘pathway-specific continued signaling’. The authors then describe the signaling pathways that are modulated by S1PRs expressed in oligodendrocytes and also outline the role of S1PRs in oligodendrocyte differentiation, process extension, survival and migration. Finally, the authors discuss the in vitro studies that suggest pFTY720 promotes myelination state versus the in vivo studies that suggest pFTY720 may not alter myelination. The authors conclude by suggesting that S1PRs in the CNS may be of potential use as drug targets not only for multiple sclerosis, but possibly for a number of other demyelinating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Pritchard
- Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kumlesh K Dev
- Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cannavo A, Rengo G, Liccardo D, Pagano G, Zincarelli C, De Angelis MC, Puglia R, Di Pietro E, Rabinowitz JE, Barone MV, Cirillo P, Trimarco B, Palmer TM, Ferrara N, Koch WJ, Leosco D, Rapacciuolo A. β1-adrenergic receptor and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) reciprocal downregulation influences cardiac hypertrophic response and progression to heart failure: protective role of S1PR1 cardiac gene therapy. Circulation 2013; 128:1612-22. [PMID: 23969695 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.002659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) and β1-adrenergic receptor (β1AR) are G-protein-coupled receptors expressed in the heart. These 2 receptors have opposing actions on adenylyl cyclase because of differential G-protein coupling. Importantly, both of these receptors can be regulated by the actions of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-2, which triggers desensitization and downregulation processes. Although classic signaling paradigms suggest that simultaneous activation of β1ARs and S1PR1s in a myocyte would simply result in opposing action on cAMP production, in this report we have uncovered a direct interaction between these 2 receptors, with regulatory involvement of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-2. METHODS AND RESULTS In HEK (human embryonic kidney) 293 cells overexpressing both β1AR and S1PR1, we demonstrated that β1AR downregulation can occur after stimulation with sphingosine-1-phosphate (an S1PR1 agonist), whereas S1PR1 downregulation can be triggered by isoproterenol (a β-adrenergic receptor agonist) treatment. This cross talk between these 2 distinct G-protein-coupled receptors appears to have physiological significance, because they interact and show reciprocal regulation in mouse hearts undergoing chronic β-adrenergic receptor stimulation and in a rat model of postischemic heart failure. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that restoration of cardiac plasma membrane levels of S1PR1 produces beneficial effects that counterbalance the deleterious β1AR overstimulation in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cannavo
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences (A.C., G.R., D.L., G.P., N.F., D.L.), Department of Pediatrics and European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases (M.V.B.), and Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences (M.C.D.A., R.P., E.D.P., P.C., B.T., A.R.), Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Center of Translational Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (A.C., J.E.R., W.J.K.); Division of Cardiology, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Scientific Institute of Telese Terme (BN), Italy (G.R., C.Z., N.F.); and the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (T.M.P.)
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36
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Bot M, Van Veldhoven PP, de Jager SCA, Johnson J, Nijstad N, Van Santbrink PJ, Westra MM, Van Der Hoeven G, Gijbels MJ, Müller-Tidow C, Varga G, Tietge UJF, Kuiper J, Van Berkel TJC, Nofer JR, Bot I, Biessen EAL. Hematopoietic sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase deficiency decreases atherosclerotic lesion development in LDL-receptor deficient mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63360. [PMID: 23700419 PMCID: PMC3659045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Altered sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) homeostasis and signaling is implicated in various inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis. As S1P levels are tightly controlled by S1P lyase, we investigated the impact of hematopoietic S1P lyase (Sgpl1(-/-)) deficiency on leukocyte subsets relevant to atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS LDL receptor deficient mice that were transplanted with Sgpl1(-/-) bone marrow showed disrupted S1P gradients translating into lymphopenia and abrogated lymphocyte mitogenic and cytokine response as compared to controls. Remarkably however, Sgpl1(-/-) chimeras displayed mild monocytosis, due to impeded stromal retention and myelopoiesis, and plasma cytokine and macrophage expression patterns, that were largely compatible with classical macrophage activation. Collectively these two phenotypic features of Sgpl1 deficiency culminated in diminished atherogenic response. CONCLUSIONS Here we not only firmly establish the critical role of hematopoietic S1P lyase in controlling S1P levels and T cell trafficking in blood and lymphoid tissue, but also identify leukocyte Sgpl1 as critical factor in monocyte macrophage differentiation and function. Its, partly counterbalancing, pro- and anti-inflammatory activity spectrum imply that intervention in S1P lyase function in inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis should be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Bot
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia C. A. de Jager
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jason Johnson
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, England
| | - Niels Nijstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Van Santbrink
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M. Westra
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marion J. Gijbels
- Experimental Vascular Pathology Group, Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Varga
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe J. F. Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J. C. Van Berkel
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jerzy-Roch Nofer
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Geriatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilze Bot
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Experimental Vascular Pathology Group, Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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37
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Xu H, McElvain M, Fiorino M, Henkle B, Sherman L, Xu Y, Tominey E, Kelley K, Adlam M, Bürli R, Siu J, Wong M, Cee VJ. Predictability of Peripheral Lymphocyte Reduction of Novel S1P1 Agonists by In Vitro GPCR Signaling Profile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:997-1007. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057113488629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Surrogate readouts of G-protein–coupled receptor signaling pathways using highly engineered systems are often employed in the drug discovery process. However, accumulating data have demonstrated the importance of selecting relevant biological activity rather than technically facile assays to support high-throughout screening and subsequent structure-activity relationship studies. Here we report a case study using sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) as the model system to compare compound activity in six different in vitro assays with their ability to predict in vivo efficacy. S1P1 has long been validated as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. In this article, in vivo and in vitro studies on 19 S1P1 agonists are reported. In vitro activities of these S1P1 agonists, together with S1P and FTY720p, on Ca2+ mobilization, adenylyl cyclase inhibition, extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, β-arrestin recruitment, and receptor internalization, were determined. The in vitro potency of these compounds was correlated with their ability to induce peripheral lymphocyte reduction. The results revealed that inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and induction of β-arrestin recruitment and receptor internalization are good indicators to predict in vivo efficacy, whereas induction of Ca2+ mobilization through Gqi/5 coupling and ERK phosphorylation is irrelevant. This study demonstrated the importance of identifying an appropriate in vitro assay to predict in vivo activity based on the biological relevance in the drug discovery setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xu
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Michele McElvain
- Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Mike Fiorino
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Brad Henkle
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
- Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Sherman
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tominey
- Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Advanced Pain Care, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Keith Kelley
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Matt Adlam
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Roland Bürli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Innovative Medicines, MedImmune AKB, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jerry Siu
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
- Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases, Biopharmaceutical Research Unit, Maalov, Denmark
| | - Min Wong
- Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Victor J. Cee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
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Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates important functions in cardiac and vascular homeostasis. It has been implied to play causal roles in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular disorders such as coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The majority of S1P in plasma is associated with high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and their S1P content has been shown to be responsible, at least in part, for several of the beneficial effects of HDL on cardiovascular risk. The attractiveness of S1P-based drugs for potential cardiovascular applications is increasing in the wake of the clinical approval of FTY720, but answers to important questions on the effects of S1P in cardiovascular biology and medicine must still be found. This chapter focuses on the current understanding of the role of S1P and its receptors in cardiovascular physiology, pathology, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo Levkau
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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39
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Fryer RM, Muthukumarana A, Harrison PC, Nodop Mazurek S, Chen RR, Harrington KE, Dinallo RM, Horan JC, Patnaude L, Modis LK, Reinhart GA. The clinically-tested S1P receptor agonists, FTY720 and BAF312, demonstrate subtype-specific bradycardia (S1P₁) and hypertension (S1P₃) in rat. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52985. [PMID: 23285242 PMCID: PMC3532212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phospate (S1P) and S1P receptor agonists elicit mechanism-based effects on cardiovascular function in vivo. Indeed, FTY720 (non-selective S1P(X) receptor agonist) produces modest hypertension in patients (2-3 mmHg in 1-yr trial) as well as acute bradycardia independent of changes in blood pressure. However, the precise receptor subtypes responsible is controversial, likely dependent upon the cardiovascular response in question (e.g. bradycardia, hypertension), and perhaps even species-dependent since functional differences in rodent, rabbit, and human have been suggested. Thus, we characterized the S1P receptor subtype specificity for each compound in vitro and, in vivo, the cardiovascular effects of FTY720 and the more selective S1P₁,₅ agonist, BAF312, were tested during acute i.v. infusion in anesthetized rats and after oral administration for 10 days in telemetry-instrumented conscious rats. Acute i.v. infusion of FTY720 (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg/20 min) or BAF312 (0.5, 1.5, 5.0 mg/kg/20 min) elicited acute bradycardia in anesthetized rats demonstrating an S1P₁ mediated mechanism-of-action. However, while FTY720 (0.5, 1.5, 5.0 mg/kg/d) elicited dose-dependent hypertension after multiple days of oral administration in rat at clinically relevant plasma concentrations (24-hr mean blood pressure = 8.4, 12.8, 16.2 mmHg above baseline vs. 3 mmHg in vehicle controls), BAF312 (0.3, 3.0, 30.0 mg/kg/d) had no significant effect on blood pressure at any dose tested suggesting that hypertension produced by FTY720 is mediated S1P₃ receptors. In summary, in vitro selectivity results in combination with studies performed in anesthetized and conscious rats administered two clinically tested S1P agonists, FTY720 or BAF312, suggest that S1P₁ receptors mediate bradycardia while hypertension is mediated by S1P₃ receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Fryer
- Department of Cardiometabolic Disease Research, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut, United States of America.
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Richmond JM, Lee J, Green DS, Kornfeld H, Cruikshank WW. Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis preferentially inhibits sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced migration of Th1 cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:5886-95. [PMID: 23129756 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptor cross-desensitization provides an important mechanism to regulate immune cell recruitment at sites of inflammation. We previously reported that the mycobacterial cell wall glycophospholipid mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) could induce human peripheral blood T cell chemotaxis. Therefore, we examined the ability of ManLAM to desensitize T cells to other chemoattractants as a potential mechanism for impaired T cell homing and delayed lung recruitment during mycobacterial infection. We found that ManLAM pretreatment inhibited in vitro migration of naive human or mouse T cells to the lymph node egress signal sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Intratracheal administration of ManLAM in mice resulted in significant increases in T cells, primarily CCR5(+) (Th1) cells, in lung-draining lymph nodes. To investigate the selective CCR5 effect, mouse T cells were differentiated into Th1 or Th2 populations in vitro, and their ability to migrate to S1P with or without ManLAM pretreatment was analyzed. ManLAM pretreatment of Th1 populations inhibited S1P-induced migration but had no effect on Th2 cell S1P-directed migration, suggesting a differential effect by S1P on the two subsets. The PI3K/AKT inhibitor Ly294002 inhibited S1P-directed migration by Th1 cells, whereas the ERK inhibitor U0126 inhibited Th2 cell S1P-directed migration. These observations demonstrate that S1P-induced migratory responses in Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes occurs via different signaling pathways and suggests further that the production of ManLAM during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may function to sequester Th1 cells in lung-draining lymph nodes, thereby delaying their recruitment to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Richmond
- Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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41
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Xiang SY, Dusaban SS, Brown JH. Lysophospholipid receptor activation of RhoA and lipid signaling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:213-22. [PMID: 22986288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The lysophospholipids sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signal through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) which couple to multiple G-proteins and their effectors. These GPCRs are quite efficacious in coupling to the Gα(12/13) family of G-proteins, which stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for RhoA. Activated RhoA subsequently regulates downstream enzymes that transduce signals which affect the actin cytoskeleton, gene expression, cell proliferation and cell survival. Remarkably many of the enzymes regulated downstream of RhoA either use phospholipids as substrates (e.g. phospholipase D, phospholipase C-epsilon, PTEN, PI3 kinase) or are regulated by phospholipid products (e.g. protein kinase D, Akt). Thus lysophospholipids signal from outside of the cell and control phospholipid signaling processes within the cell that they target. Here we review evidence suggesting an integrative role for RhoA in responding to lysophospholipids upregulated in the pathophysiological environment, and in transducing this signal to cellular responses through effects on phospholipid regulatory or phospholipid regulated enzymes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in Lysophospholipid Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Yang Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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42
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Scimia MC, Hurtado C, Ray S, Metzler S, Wei K, Wang J, Woods CE, Purcell NH, Catalucci D, Akasaka T, Bueno OF, Vlasuk GP, Kaliman P, Bodmer R, Smith LH, Ashley E, Mercola M, Brown JH, Ruiz-Lozano P. APJ acts as a dual receptor in cardiac hypertrophy. Nature 2012; 488:394-8. [PMID: 22810587 PMCID: PMC3422434 DOI: 10.1038/nature11263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is initiated as an adaptive response to sustained overload but progresses pathologically as heart failure ensues. Here we report that genetic loss of APJ, a G-protein-coupled receptor, confers resistance to chronic pressure overload by markedly reducing myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure. In contrast, mice lacking apelin (the endogenous APJ ligand) remain sensitive, suggesting an apelin-independent function of APJ. Freshly isolated APJ-null cardiomyocytes exhibit an attenuated response to stretch, indicating that APJ is a mechanosensor. Activation of APJ by stretch increases cardiomyocyte cell size and induces molecular markers of hypertrophy. Whereas apelin stimulates APJ to activate Gαi and elicits a protective response, stretch signals in an APJ-dependent, G-protein-independent fashion to induce hypertrophy. Stretch-mediated hypertrophy is prevented by knockdown of β-arrestins or by pharmacological doses of apelin acting through Gαi. Taken together, our data indicate that APJ is a bifunctional receptor for both mechanical stretch and the endogenous peptide apelin. By sensing the balance between these stimuli, APJ occupies a pivotal point linking sustained overload to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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MESH Headings
- Adipokines
- Animals
- Aorta/pathology
- Apelin
- Apelin Receptors
- Arrestins/deficiency
- Arrestins/genetics
- Arrestins/metabolism
- Blood Pressure
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/pathology
- Cardiomegaly/physiopathology
- Cardiomegaly/prevention & control
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go/metabolism
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology
- Male
- Mechanoreceptors/metabolism
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular/drug effects
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- beta-Arrestins
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Hurtado
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Saugata Ray
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Scott Metzler
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA 94304
| | - Ke Wei
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Jianming Wang
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Chris E. Woods
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA
| | | | - Daniele Catalucci
- Biomedical and Genetic Research Institute, National Research Council, via Fantoli 16/15, 20138, Milan, and Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCSS, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | | | | | - Perla Kaliman
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rolf Bodmer
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Layton H. Smith
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | - Euan Ashley
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA
| | - Mark Mercola
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
| | | | - Pilar Ruiz-Lozano
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, Stanford University, CA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA 94304
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43
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Karliner JS. Sphingosine kinase and sphingosine 1-phosphate in the heart: a decade of progress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2012; 1831:203-12. [PMID: 22735359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of sphingosine kinase/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SK/S1P)-mediated signaling has emerged as a critical cardioprotective pathway in response to acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. S1P is released in both ischemic pre- and post-conditioning. Application of exogenous S1P to cultured cardiac myocytes subjected to hypoxia or treatment of isolated hearts either before ischemia or at the onset of reperfusion exerts prosurvival effects. Synthetic congeners of S1P such as FTY720 mimic these responses. Gene targeted mice null for the SK1 isoform whose hearts are subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury exhibit increased infarct size and respond poorly either to ischemic pre- or postconditioning. Measurements of cardiac SK activity and S1P parallel these observations. Experiments in SK2 knockout mice have revealed that this isoform is necessary for survival in the heart. High density lipoprotein (HDL) is a major carrier of S1P, and studies of hearts in which selected S1P receptors have been inhibited implicate the S1P cargo of HDL in cardioprotection. Inhibition of S1P lyase, an endogenous enzyme that degrades S1P, also leads to cardioprotection. These observations have considerable relevance for future therapeutic approaches to acute and chronic myocardial injury. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Advances in Lysophospholipid Research.
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44
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McCoy KL, Gyoneva S, Vellano CP, Smrcka AV, Traynelis SF, Hepler JR. Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) coupling to G(q/11) but not to G(i/o) or G(12/13) is mediated by discrete amino acids within the receptor second intracellular loop. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1351-60. [PMID: 22306780 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is an unusual GPCR that interacts with multiple G protein subfamilies (G(q/11), G(i/o), and G(12/13)) and their linked signaling pathways to regulate a broad range of pathophysiological processes. However, the molecular mechanisms whereby PAR1 interacts with multiple G proteins are not well understood. Whether PAR1 interacts with various G proteins at the same, different, or overlapping binding sites is not known. Here we investigated the functional and specific binding interactions between PAR1 and representative members of the G(q/11), G(i/o), and G(12/13) subfamilies. We report that G(q/11) physically and functionally interacts with specific amino acids within the second intracellular (i2) loop of PAR1. We identified five amino acids within the PAR1 i2 loop that, when mutated individually, each markedly reduced PAR1 activation of linked inositol phosphate formation in transfected COS-7 cells (functional PAR1-null cells). Among these mutations, only R205A completely abolished direct G(q/11) binding to PAR1 and also PAR1-directed inositol phosphate and calcium mobilization in COS-7 cells and PAR1-/- primary astrocytes. In stark contrast, none of the PAR1 i2 loop mutations disrupted direct PAR1 binding to either G(o) or G(12), or their functional coupling to linked pertussis toxin-sensitive ERK phosphorylation and C3 toxin-sensitive Rho activation, respectively. In astrocytes, our findings suggest that PAR1-directed calcium signaling involves a newly appreciated G(q/11)-PLCε pathway. In summary, we have identified key molecular determinants for PAR1 interactions with G(q/11), and our findings support a model where G(q/11), G(i/o) or G(12/13) each bind to distinct sites within the cytoplasmic regions of PAR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L McCoy
- Department of Pharmacology, O. Wayne Rollins Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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45
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Lucki NC, Li D, Sewer MB. Sphingosine-1-phosphate rapidly increases cortisol biosynthesis and the expression of genes involved in cholesterol uptake and transport in H295R adrenocortical cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 348:165-75. [PMID: 21864647 PMCID: PMC3508734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the acute phase of adrenocortical steroidogenesis, adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) activates a cAMP/PKA-signaling pathway that promotes the transport of free cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane. We have previously shown that ACTH rapidly stimulates the metabolism of sphingolipids and the secretion of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in H295R cells. In this study, we examined the effect of S1P on genes involved in the acute phase of steroidogenesis. We show that S1P increases the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI). S1P-induced StAR mRNA expression requires Gα(i) signaling, phospholipase C (PLC), Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CamKII), and ERK1/2 activation. S1P also increases intracellular Ca(2+), the phosphorylation of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) at Ser(563), and cortisol secretion. Collectively, these findings identify multiple roles for S1P in the regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha C. Lucki
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230
| | - Donghui Li
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0704
| | - Marion B. Sewer
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0704
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46
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An entirely specific type I A-kinase anchoring protein that can sequester two molecules of protein kinase A at mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:E1227-35. [PMID: 22084075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1107182108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) tether the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) to intracellular sites where they preferentially phosphorylate target substrates. Most AKAPs exhibit nanomolar affinity for the regulatory (RII) subunit of the type II PKA holoenzyme, whereas dual-specificity anchoring proteins also bind the type I (RI) regulatory subunit of PKA with 10-100-fold lower affinity. A range of cellular, biochemical, biophysical, and genetic approaches comprehensively establish that sphingosine kinase interacting protein (SKIP) is a truly type I-specific AKAP. Mapping studies located anchoring sites between residues 925-949 and 1,140-1,175 of SKIP that bind RI with dissociation constants of 73 and 774 nM, respectively. Molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis approaches identify Phe 929 and Tyr 1,151 as RI-selective binding determinants in each anchoring site. SKIP complexes exist in different states of RI-occupancy as single-molecule pull-down photobleaching experiments show that 41 ± 10% of SKIP sequesters two YFP-RI dimers, whereas 59 ± 10% of the anchoring protein binds a single YFP-RI dimer. Imaging, proteomic analysis, and subcellular fractionation experiments reveal that SKIP is enriched at the inner mitochondrial membrane where it associates with a prominent PKA substrate, the coiled-coil helix protein ChChd3.
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Ishimaru N, Yamada A, Nitta T, Arakaki R, Lipp M, Takahama Y, Hayashi Y. CCR7 with S1P1 signaling through AP-1 for migration of Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells controls autoimmune exocrinopathy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 180:199-208. [PMID: 22067914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box p3-positive (Foxp3(+)) regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) participate in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance and suppressing autoimmunity. We recently reported that in situ patrolling by C-C-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7)(+) T(reg) cells in target organs is essential for controlling autoimmune lesions in Sjögren's syndrome. In the present study, the molecular mechanism underlying CCR7-mediated T(reg) cell migration was investigated in a mouse model. The impaired migratory response of Ccr7(-/-) T(reg) cells to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) occurred because of defective association of S1P receptor 1 (S1P(1)) with a G coupled-protein. In addition, T-cell receptor (TCR)- and S1P(1)-mediated Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac-1), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), and c-Jun phosphorylation required for activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcriptional activity were significantly impaired in Ccr7(-/-) T(reg) cells. Surprisingly, the abnormal nuclear localization of Foxp3 was detected after abrogation of the c-Jun and Foxp3 interaction in the nucleus of Ccr7(-/-) T(reg) cells. These results indicate that CCR7 essentially controls the migratory function of T(reg) cells through S1P(1)-mediated AP-1 signaling, which is regulated through its interaction with Foxp3 in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
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48
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Blaho VA, Hla T. Regulation of mammalian physiology, development, and disease by the sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid receptors. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6299-320. [PMID: 21939239 PMCID: PMC3216694 DOI: 10.1021/cr200273u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Blaho
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Timothy Hla
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
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49
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Tilley DG. G protein-dependent and G protein-independent signaling pathways and their impact on cardiac function. Circ Res 2011; 109:217-30. [PMID: 21737817 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.231225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors signal through a variety of mechanisms that impact cardiac function, including contractility and hypertrophy. G protein-dependent and G protein-independent pathways each have the capacity to initiate numerous intracellular signaling cascades to mediate these effects. G protein-dependent signaling has been studied for decades and great strides continue to be made in defining the intricate pathways and effectors regulated by G proteins and their impact on cardiac function. G protein-independent signaling is a relatively newer concept that is being explored more frequently in the cardiovascular system. Recent studies have begun to reveal how cardiac function may be regulated via G protein-independent signaling, especially with respect to the ever-expanding cohort of β-arrestin-mediated processes. This review primarily focuses on the impact of both G protein-dependent and β-arrestin-dependent signaling pathways on cardiac function, highlighting the most recent data that illustrate the comprehensive nature of these mechanisms of G protein-coupled receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Tilley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, and Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, 402 College Building, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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50
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Involvement of cholesterol-enriched microdomains in class A scavenger receptor-mediated responses in human macrophages. Atherosclerosis 2011; 215:60-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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