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Schibalski RS, Shulha AS, Tsao BP, Palygin O, Ilatovskaya DV. The role of polyamine metabolism in cellular function and physiology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C341-C356. [PMID: 38881422 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00074.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyamines are molecules with multiple amino groups that are essential for cellular function. The major polyamines are putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine. Polyamines are important for posttranscriptional regulation, autophagy, programmed cell death, proliferation, redox homeostasis, and ion channel function. Their levels are tightly controlled. High levels of polyamines are associated with proliferative pathologies such as cancer, whereas low polyamine levels are observed in aging, and elevated polyamine turnover enhances oxidative stress. Polyamine metabolism is implicated in several pathophysiological processes in the nervous, immune, and cardiovascular systems. Currently, manipulating polyamine levels is under investigation as a potential preventive treatment for several pathologies, including aging, ischemia/reperfusion injury, pulmonary hypertension, and cancer. Although polyamines have been implicated in many intracellular mechanisms, our understanding of these processes remains incomplete and is a topic of ongoing investigation. Here, we discuss the regulation and cellular functions of polyamines, their role in physiology and pathology, and emphasize the current gaps in knowledge and potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Schibalski
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Anastasia S Shulha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Daria V Ilatovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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2
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Liu TA, Stewart TM, Casero RA. The Synergistic Benefit of Combination Strategies Targeting Tumor Cell Polyamine Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8173. [PMID: 39125742 PMCID: PMC11311409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian polyamines, including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, are positively charged amines that are essential for all living cells including neoplastic cells. An increasing understanding of polyamine metabolism, its molecular functions, and its role in cancer has led to the interest in targeting polyamine metabolism as an anticancer strategy, as the metabolism of polyamines is frequently dysregulated in neoplastic disease. In addition, due to compensatory mechanisms, combination therapies are clinically more promising, as agents can work synergistically to achieve an effect beyond that of each strategy as a single agent. In this article, the nature of polyamines, their association with carcinogenesis, and the potential use of targeting polyamine metabolism in treating and preventing cancer as well as combination therapies are described. The goal is to review the latest strategies for targeting polyamine metabolism, highlighting new avenues for exploiting aberrant polyamine homeostasis for anticancer therapy and the mechanisms behind them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ann Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
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3
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Mozibullah M, Khatun M, Sikder M, Islam M, Sharmin M. Identifying Oncogenic Missense Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Human SAT1 Gene Using Computational Algorithms and Molecular Dynamics Tools. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2130. [PMID: 39041636 PMCID: PMC11264109 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human SAT1 gene encodes spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SSAT1), a regulatory biological catalyst of polyamine catabolism. Numerous essential biological processes, such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival, depend on polyamines like spermidine and spermine. Thus, SSAT1 is involved in key cellular activities such as proliferation and survival of cells and mediates various diseases including cancer. A plethora of studies established the involvement of missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in numerous pathological conditions due to their ability to adversely affect the structure and subsequent function of the protein. AIMS To date, an in silico study to identify the pathogenic missense SNPs of the human SAT1 gene has not been accomplished yet. This study aimed to filter the missense SNPs that were functionally detrimental and pathogenic. METHODS AND RESULTS The rs757435207 (I21N) was ascertained to be the most deleterious and pathogenic by all algorithmic tools. Stability and evolutionary conservation analysis tools also stated that I21N variant decreased the stability and was located in the highly conserved residue. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that I21N caused substantial alterations in the conformational stability and dynamics of the SSAT1 protein. Consequently, the I21N variant could disrupt the native functional roles of the SSAT1 enzyme. CONCLUSION Therefore, the I21N variant was identified and concluded to be an oncogenic missense variant of the human SAT1 gene. Overall, the findings of this study would be a great directory of future experimental research to develop personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mozibullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Marina Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Md. Asaduzzaman Sikder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Mohammod Johirul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
| | - Mehbuba Sharmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology UniversityTangailBangladesh
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4
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Matzkin ME, Beguerie C, De Zuñiga I, Martinez G, Frungieri MB. Impact of COVID-19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid. Andrology 2024; 12:1078-1095. [PMID: 37873918 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on male fertility remain largely unknown. Besides their well-known pro- and anti-inflammatory actions, prostaglandins and polyamines are present in semen, where they play key roles in sperm quality. OBJECTIVES To analyze semen parameters, oxidative profile and the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine systems in samples collected from individuals without coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis and men who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compared semen collected from men without positive coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis with samples obtained from individuals 1-6 months and 7-30 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Semen parameters, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, cyclooxygenase 2 expression by fluorescence immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting, prostaglandin levels by enzyme immunoassay, ornithine decarboxylase activity by a radioactive assay, and polyamine and acetylated polyamine levels by thin-layer chromatography were assessed. RESULTS In both groups of semen samples from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men, sperm vitality, total and progressive sperm motility, and putrescine levels were significantly decreased when compared with samples from the uninfected group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, leukocyte-associated cyclooxygenase 2 expression, and prostaglandin D2 levels were higher in semen from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men than in samples from uninfected individuals. While sperm concentration and morphology, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and N-acetylputrescine levels were statistically diminished in semen obtained up to 6 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery, these parameters remained unchanged when samples were collected 7-30 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination did not show negative effects on any of the parameters evaluated. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our work provides insights into the detrimental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on several sperm parameters, in some cases, even more than a year after SARS-CoV-2 infection, which would be accompanied by alterations in the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine profiles. Therefore, future treatments targeting the prostaglandin and polyamine pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men could lead to a successful reinstatement of semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Matzkin
- Laboratorio de Neuro-inmuno-endocrinología testicular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra 1, Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Celina Beguerie
- Fertilis Medicina Reproductiva, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Gustavo Martinez
- Fertilis Medicina Reproductiva, San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Beatriz Frungieri
- Laboratorio de Neuro-inmuno-endocrinología testicular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Fundación IBYME, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Química, Ciclo Básico Común, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Ivanova ON, Gavlina AV, Karpenko IL, Zenov MA, Antseva SS, Zakirova NF, Valuev-Elliston VT, Krasnov GS, Fedyakina IT, Vorobyev PO, Bartosch B, Kochetkov SN, Lipatova AV, Yanvarev DV, Ivanov AV. Polyamine Catabolism Revisited: Acetylpolyamine Oxidase Plays a Minor Role due to Low Expression. Cells 2024; 13:1134. [PMID: 38994986 PMCID: PMC11240330 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biogenic polyamines are ubiquitous compounds. Dysregulation of their metabolism is associated with the development of various pathologies, including cancer, hyperproliferative diseases, and infections. The canonical pathway of polyamine catabolism includes acetylation of spermine and spermidine and subsequent acetylpolyamine oxidase (PAOX)-mediated oxidation of acetylpolyamines (back-conversion) or their direct efflux from the cell. PAOX is considered to catalyze a non-rate-limiting catabolic step. Here, we show that PAOX transcription levels are extremely low in various tumor- and non-tumor cell lines and, in most cases, do not change in response to altered polyamine metabolism. Its enzymatic activity is undetectable in the majority of cell lines except for neuroblastoma and low passage glioblastoma cell lines. Treatment of A549 cells with N1,N11-diethylnorspermine leads to PAOX induction, but its contribution to polyamine catabolism remains moderate. We also describe two alternative enzyme isoforms and show that isoform 4 has diminished oxidase activity and isoform 2 is inactive. PAOX overexpression correlates with the resistance of cancer cells to genotoxic antitumor drugs, indicating that PAOX may be a useful therapeutic target. Finally, PAOX is dispensable for the replication of various viruses. These data suggest that a decrease in polyamine levels is achieved predominantly by the secretion of acetylated spermine and spermidine rather than by back-conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Ivanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Gavlina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna L Karpenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Martin A Zenov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Antseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia F Zakirova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina T Fedyakina
- Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Russia, 132098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel O Vorobyev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Birke Bartosch
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
- The Lyon Hepatology Institute EVEREST, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Sergey N Kochetkov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Yanvarev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Ivanov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Rossi MN, Fiorucci C, Mariottini P, Cervelli M. Unveiling the hidden players: noncoding RNAs orchestrating polyamine metabolism in disease. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:84. [PMID: 38918813 PMCID: PMC11202255 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PA) are polycations with pleiotropic functions in cellular physiology and pathology. In particular, PA have been involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis and proliferation participating in the control of fundamental processes like DNA transcription, RNA translation, protein hypusination, autophagy and modulation of ion channels. Indeed, their dysregulation has been associated to inflammation, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and cancer progression. Accordingly, PA intracellular levels, derived from the balance between uptake, biosynthesis, and catabolism, need to be tightly regulated. Among the mechanisms that fine-tune PA metabolic enzymes, emerging findings highlight the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among the ncRNAs, microRNA, long noncoding RNA and circRNA are the most studied as regulators of gene expression and mRNA metabolism and their alteration have been frequently reported in pathological conditions, such as cancer progression and brain diseases. In this review, we will discuss the role of ncRNAs in the regulation of PA genes, with a particular emphasis on the changes of this modulation observed in health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo Mariottini
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Cervelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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7
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Wu B, Liu S. Structural Insights into the Mechanisms Underlying Polyaminopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6340. [PMID: 38928047 PMCID: PMC11203672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous in almost all biological entities and involved in various crucial physiological processes. They are also closely associated with the onset and progression of many diseases. Polyaminopathies are a group of rare genetic disorders caused by alterations in the function of proteins within the polyamine metabolism network. Although the identified polyaminopathies are all rare diseases at present, they are genetically heritable, rendering high risks not only to the carriers but also to their descendants. Meanwhile, more polyaminopathic patients might be discovered with the increasing accessibility of gene sequencing. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the structural variations of mutated proteins in current polyaminopathies, in addition to their causative genes, types of mutations, clinical symptoms, and therapeutic approaches. We focus on analyzing how alterations in protein structure lead to protein dysfunction, thereby facilitating the onset of diseases. We hope this review will offer valuable insights and references for the future clinical diagnosis and precision treatment of polyaminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Wuhan 430068, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Wuhan 430068, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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8
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Gawargi FI, Mishra PK. Regulation of cardiac ferroptosis in diabetic human heart failure: uncovering molecular pathways and key targets. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:268. [PMID: 38824159 PMCID: PMC11144210 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes significantly increases the risk of heart failure by inducing myocardial cell death, potentially through ferroptosis-an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death pathway characterized by lipid peroxidation. The role of cardiac ferroptosis in human heart failure, however, remains poorly understood. In this study, we compared cardiac ferroptosis in humans with diabetic heart failure to that in healthy controls. Our findings reveal that diabetes not only intensifies myocardial cell death but also upregulates markers of ferroptosis in human hearts. This is linked to decreased transcription and activity of glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), influenced by reduced levels of activating transcription factor-4 (ATF4) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NRF2), and downregulation of glutathione reductase (GSR). Additionally, diabetic hearts showed an increased labile iron pool due to enhanced heme metabolism by heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), elevated iron import via divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1), reduced iron storage through ferritin light chain (FLC), and decreased iron export via ferroportin-1 (FPN1). The reduction in FPN1 levels likely results from decreased stabilization by amyloid precursor protein (APP) and diminished NRF2-mediated transcription. Furthermore, diabetes upregulates lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase-3 (LPCAT3), facilitating the integration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) into phospholipid membranes, and downregulates acyl-CoA thioesterase-1 (ACOT1), which further promotes ferroptosis. LC-MS/MS analysis identified several novel proteins implicated in diabetes-induced cardiac ferroptosis, including upregulated ceruloplasmin, which enhances iron metabolism, and cytochrome b-245 heavy chain (CYBB), a key component of NADPH oxidase that aids in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), along with downregulated voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein-2 (VDAC2), essential for maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential. In conclusion, our study not only confirms the presence and potentially predominant role of cardiac ferroptosis in humans with diabetic heart failure but also elucidates its molecular mechanisms, offering potential therapeutic targets to mitigate heart failure complications in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flobater I Gawargi
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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9
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Ngai D, Sukka SR, Tabas I. Crosstalk between efferocytic myeloid cells and T-cells and its relevance to atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403150. [PMID: 38873597 PMCID: PMC11169609 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay between myeloid cells and T-lymphocytes is critical to the regulation of host defense and inflammation resolution. Dysregulation of this interaction can contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. Important among these diseases is atherosclerosis, which refers to focal lesions in the arterial intima driven by elevated apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, notably low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and characterized by the formation of a plaque composed of inflammatory immune cells, a collection of dead cells and lipids called the necrotic core, and a fibrous cap. As the disease progresses, the necrotic core expands, and the fibrous cap becomes thin, which increases the risk of plaque rupture or erosion. Plaque rupture leads to a rapid thrombotic response that can give rise to heart attack, stroke, or sudden death. With marked lowering of circulating LDL, however, plaques become more stable and cardiac risk is lowered-a process known as atherosclerosis regression. A critical aspect of both atherosclerosis progression and regression is the crosstalk between innate (myeloid cells) and adaptive (T-lymphocytes) immune cells. Myeloid cells are specialized at clearing apoptotic cells by a process called efferocytosis, which is necessary for inflammation resolution. In advanced disease, efferocytosis is impaired, leading to secondary necrosis of apoptotic cells, inflammation, and, most importantly, defective tissue resolution. In regression, efferocytosis is reawakened aiding in inflammation resolution and plaque stabilization. Here, we will explore how efferocytosing myeloid cells could affect T-cell function and vice versa through antigen presentation, secreted factors, and cell-cell contacts and how this cellular crosstalk may contribute to the progression or regression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ngai
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Santosh R. Sukka
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Prosz A, Sahgal P, Huffman BM, Sztupinszki Z, Morris CX, Chen D, Börcsök J, Diossy M, Tisza V, Spisak S, Likasitwatanakul P, Rusz O, Csabai I, Cecchini M, Baca Y, Elliott A, Enzinger P, Singh H, Ubellaker J, Lazaro JB, Cleary JM, Szallasi Z, Sethi NS. Mutational signature-based identification of DNA repair deficient gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas for therapeutic targeting. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:87. [PMID: 38589664 PMCID: PMC11001913 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) are the two most frequently disabled DNA repair pathways in cancer. HR-deficient breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancers respond well to platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors. However, the frequency of HR deficiency in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) still lacks diagnostic and functional validation. Using whole exome and genome sequencing data, we found that a significant subset of GEA, but very few colorectal adenocarcinomas, show evidence of HR deficiency by mutational signature analysis (HRD score). High HRD gastric cancer cell lines demonstrated functional HR deficiency by RAD51 foci assay and increased sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors. Of clinical relevance, analysis of three different GEA patient cohorts demonstrated that platinum treated HR deficient cancers had better outcomes. A gastric cancer cell line with strong sensitivity to cisplatin showed HR proficiency but exhibited NER deficiency by two photoproduct repair assays. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that, in addition to inducing apoptosis, cisplatin treatment triggered ferroptosis in a NER-deficient gastric cancer, validated by intracellular GSH assay. Overall, our study provides preclinical evidence that a subset of GEAs harbor genomic features of HR and NER deficiency and may therefore benefit from platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Prosz
- Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pranshu Sahgal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brandon M Huffman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zsofia Sztupinszki
- Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clare X Morris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Miklos Diossy
- Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Viktoria Tisza
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pornlada Likasitwatanakul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Orsolya Rusz
- 2nd Department of Pathology, SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Cecchini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Gastrointestinal Cancers, Yale Medical Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Peter Enzinger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Harshabad Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessalyn Ubellaker
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean-Bernard Lazaro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair (CDDR), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James M Cleary
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Bioinformatics and Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nilay S Sethi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Bachmann AS, VanSickle EA, Michael J, Vipond M, Bupp CP. Bachmann-Bupp syndrome and treatment. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:445-455. [PMID: 37469105 PMCID: PMC10796844 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Bachmann-Bupp syndrome (BABS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental delay, hypotonia, and varying forms of non-congenital alopecia. The condition is caused by 3'-end mutations of the ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1) gene, which produce carboxy (C)-terminally truncated variants of ODC, a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme. C-terminal truncation of ODC prevents its ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation and leads to cellular accumulation of ODC enzyme that remains catalytically active. ODC is the first rate-limiting enzyme that converts ornithine to putrescine in the polyamine pathway. Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) are aliphatic molecules found in all forms of life and are important during embryogenesis, organogenesis, and tumorigenesis. BABS is an ultra-rare condition with few reported cases, but it serves as a convincing example for drug repurposing therapy. α-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, also known as eflornithine) is an ODC inhibitor with a strong safety profile in pediatric use for neuroblastoma and other cancers as well as West African sleeping sickness (trypanosomiasis). Patients with BABS have been treated with DFMO and have shown improvement in hair growth, muscle tone, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- André S Bachmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- International Center for Polyamine Disorders, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth A VanSickle
- International Center for Polyamine Disorders, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Corewell Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Julianne Michael
- International Center for Polyamine Disorders, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Corewell Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Marlie Vipond
- International Center for Polyamine Disorders, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Corewell Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Caleb P Bupp
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- International Center for Polyamine Disorders, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Corewell Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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12
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Xuan M, Gu X, Li J, Huang D, Xue C, He Y. Polyamines: their significance for maintaining health and contributing to diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:348. [PMID: 38049863 PMCID: PMC10694995 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are essential for the growth and proliferation of mammalian cells and are intimately involved in biological mechanisms such as DNA replication, RNA transcription, protein synthesis, and post-translational modification. These mechanisms regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, programmed cell death, and the formation of tumors. Several studies have confirmed the positive effect of polyamines on the maintenance of health, while others have demonstrated that their activity may promote the occurrence and progression of diseases. This review examines a variety of topics, such as polyamine source and metabolism, including metabolism, transport, and the potential impact of polyamines on health and disease. In addition, a brief summary of the effects of oncogenes and signaling pathways on tumor polyamine metabolism is provided. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Xuan
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, College of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Chen Xue
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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13
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Rodríguez-Páez L, Aguirre-Alvarado C, Chamorro-Cevallos G, Veronica AF, Sandra Irel CE, Hugo CP, García-Pérez CA, Jiménez-Gutiérrez GE, Cordero-Martínez J. Polyamines modulate mouse sperm motility. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2023; 69:435-449. [PMID: 37812755 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2023.2262714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines are polycationic molecules which contains two or more amino groups (-NH3+) highly charged at physiological pH, and among them we found spermine, spermidine, putrescine, and cadaverine. They interact with proteins, nucleic acids, modulate Ca2+, K+, and Na+ channels, and protect sperm from oxidative stress. In this work, we evaluate the effect of spermine, spermidine, and putrescine on the total, progressive and kinematic parameters of motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, also in presence and absence of the dbcAMP, an analogue of the cAMP, and the IBMX, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. In addition, we evaluated the intracellular concentrations of cAMP [cAMP]i, and performed an in silico analysis between polyamines and the sAC from mouse to predict the possible interaction among them. Our results showed that all polyamines decrease drastically the total, progressive and the kinetic parameters of sperm motility, decrease the capacitation, and only spermidine and putrescine impeded the acquisition of acrosome reaction. Moreover, the effect of polyamines was attenuated but not countered by the addition of db-cAMP and IBMX, suggesting a possible inhibition of the sAC. Also, the presence of polyamines induced a decrease of the [cAMP]i, and the in silico analysis predicted a strong interaction among polyamines and the sAC. Overall, the evidence suggests that probably the polyamines interact and inhibit the activity of the sAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Rodríguez-Páez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional, La Raza, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Germán Chamorro-Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Preclínica, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alcántara-Farfán Veronica
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Calderón-Espinosa Sandra Irel
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Castillo-Pérez Hugo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Elizabeth Jiménez-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Genética, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Cordero-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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14
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Bělíček J, Ľuptáková E, Kopečný D, Frömmel J, Vigouroux A, Ćavar Zeljković S, Jagic F, Briozzo P, Kopečný DJ, Tarkowski P, Nisler J, De Diego N, Moréra S, Kopečná M. Biochemical and structural basis of polyamine, lysine and ornithine acetylation catalyzed by spermine/spermidine N-acetyl transferase in moss and maize. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:482-498. [PMID: 36786691 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines such as spermidine and spermine are essential regulators of cell growth, differentiation, maintenance of ion balance and abiotic stress tolerance. Their levels are controlled by the spermidine/spermine N1 -acetyltransferase (SSAT) via acetylation to promote either their degradation or export outside the cell as shown in mammals. Plant genomes contain at least one gene coding for SSAT (also named NATA for N-AcetylTransferase Activity). Combining kinetics, HPLC-MS and crystallography, we show that three plant SSATs, one from the lower plant moss Physcomitrium patens and two from the higher plant Zea mays, acetylate various aliphatic polyamines and two amino acids lysine (Lys) and ornithine (Orn). Thus, plant SSATs exhibit a broad substrate specificity, unlike more specific human SSATs (hSSATs) as hSSAT1 targets polyamines, whereas hSSAT2 acetylates Lys and thiaLys. The crystal structures of two PpSSAT ternary complexes, one with Lys and CoA, the other with acetyl-CoA and polyethylene glycol (mimicking spermine), reveal a different binding mode for polyamine versus amino acid substrates accompanied by structural rearrangements of both the coenzyme and the enzyme. Two arginine residues, unique among plant SSATs, hold the carboxyl group of amino acid substrates. The most abundant acetylated compound accumulated in moss was N6 -acetyl-Lys, whereas N5 -acetyl-Orn, known to be toxic for aphids, was found in maize. Both plant species contain very low levels of acetylated polyamines. The present study provides a detailed biochemical and structural basis of plant SSAT enzymes that can acetylate a wide range of substrates and likely play various roles in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Bělíček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Ľuptáková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - David Kopečný
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frömmel
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Armelle Vigouroux
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Franjo Jagic
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France
| | - Pierre Briozzo
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France
| | - David Jaroslav Kopečný
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Nisler
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Solange Moréra
- CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Martina Kopečná
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, CZ-78371, Czech Republic
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15
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Chen Y, León-Letelier RA, Abdel Sater AH, Vykoukal J, Dennison JB, Hanash S, Fahrmann JF. c-MYC-Driven Polyamine Metabolism in Ovarian Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Early Detection and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:623. [PMID: 36765581 PMCID: PMC9913358 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
c-MYC and its paralogues MYCN and MYCL are among the most frequently amplified and/or overexpressed oncoproteins in ovarian cancer. c-MYC plays a key role in promoting ovarian cancer initiation and progression. The polyamine pathway is a bona fide target of c-MYC signaling, and polyamine metabolism is strongly intertwined with ovarian malignancy. Targeting of the polyamine pathway via small molecule inhibitors has garnered considerable attention as a therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer. Herein, we discuss the involvement of c-MYC signaling and that of its paralogues in promoting ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. We highlight the potential of targeting c-MYC-driven polyamine metabolism for the treatment of ovarian cancers and the utility of polyamine signatures in biofluids for early detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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16
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Azfar M, van Veen S, Houdou M, Hamouda NN, Eggermont J, Vangheluwe P. P5B-ATPases in the mammalian polyamine transport system and their role in disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119354. [PMID: 36064065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are physiologically relevant molecules that are ubiquitous in all organisms. The vitality of PAs to the healthy functioning of a cell is due to their polycationic nature causing them to interact with a vast plethora of cellular players and partake in numerous cellular pathways. Naturally, the homeostasis of such essential molecules is tightly regulated in a strictly controlled interplay between intracellular synthesis and degradation, uptake from and secretion to the extracellular compartment, as well as intracellular trafficking. Not surprisingly, dysregulated PA homeostasis and signaling are implicated in multiple disorders, ranging from cancer to neurodegeneration; leading many to propose rectifying the PA balance as a potential therapeutic strategy. Despite being well characterized in bacteria, fungi and plants, the molecular identity and properties of the PA transporters in animals are poorly understood. This review brings together the current knowledge of the cellular function of the mammalian PA transport system (PTS). We will focus on the role of P5B-ATPases ATP13A2-5 which are PA transporters in the endosomal system that have emerged as key players in cellular PA uptake and organelle homeostasis. We will discuss recent breakthroughs on their biochemical and structural properties as well as their implications for disease and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Azfar
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah van Veen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marine Houdou
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Norin Nabil Hamouda
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Eggermont
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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17
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Polyamine-Based Nanostructures Share Polyamine Transport Mechanisms with Native Polyamines and Their Analogues: Significance for Polyamine-Targeted Therapy. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medsci10030044. [PMID: 35997336 PMCID: PMC9397040 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines are small polycationic alkylamines involved in many fundamental cellular processes, including cell proliferation, survival, and protection from oxidative stress. Polyamine homeostasis is tightly regulated through coordinated biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport. Due to their continual proliferation, cancer cells maintain elevated intracellular polyamine pools. Both polyamine metabolism and transport are commonly dysregulated in cancer, and as such, polyamine analogues are a promising strategy for exploiting the increased polyamine requirement of cancer cells. One potential polyamine analogue resistance mechanism is the downregulation of the poorly defined polyamine transport system. Recent advances in nanomedicine have produced nanostructures with polyamine analogue-based backbones (nanopolyamines). Similar nanostructures with non-polyamine backbones have been shown to be transported by endocytosis. As these polyamine-based nanoparticles could be a method for polyamine analogue delivery that bypasses polyamine transport, we designed the current studies to determine the efficacy of polyamine-based nanoparticles in cells lacking intact polyamine transport. Utilizing polyamine transport-deficient derivatives of lung adenocarcinoma lines, we demonstrated that cells unable to transport natural polyamines were also resistant to nanopolyamine-induced cytotoxicity. This resistance was a result of transport-deficient cells being incapable of importing and accumulating nanopolyamines. Pharmacological modulation of polyamine transport confirmed these results in polyamine transport competent cells. These studies provide additional insight into the polyamine transport pathway and suggest that receptor-mediated endocytosis is a likely mechanism of transport for higher-order polyamines, polyamine analogues and the nanopolyamines.
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18
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Polyamines and Their Metabolism: From the Maintenance of Physiological Homeostasis to the Mediation of Disease. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medsci10030038. [PMID: 35893120 PMCID: PMC9326668 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The polyamines spermidine and spermine are positively charged aliphatic molecules. They are critical in the regulation of nucleic acid and protein structures, protein synthesis, protein and nucleic acid interactions, oxidative balance, and cell proliferation. Cellular polyamine levels are tightly controlled through their import, export, de novo synthesis, and catabolism. Enzymes and enzymatic cascades involved in polyamine metabolism have been well characterized. This knowledge has been used for the development of novel compounds for research and medical applications. Furthermore, studies have shown that disturbances in polyamine levels and their metabolic pathways, as a result of spontaneous mutations in patients, genetic engineering in mice or experimentally induced injuries in rodents, are associated with multiple maladaptive changes. The adverse effects of altered polyamine metabolism have also been demonstrated in in vitro models. These observations highlight the important role these molecules and their metabolism play in the maintenance of physiological normalcy and the mediation of injury. This review will attempt to cover the extensive and diverse knowledge of the biological role of polyamines and their metabolism in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and the mediation of tissue injury.
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19
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Harbison RA, Pandey R, Considine M, Leone RD, Murray-Stewart T, Erbe R, Mandal R, Burns M, Casero RA, Seiwert T, Fakhry C, Pardoll D, Fertig E, Powell JD. Interrogation of T Cell-Enriched Tumors Reveals Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Implications of Polyamine Metabolism. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:639-652. [PMID: 36052016 PMCID: PMC9432485 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) antagonize anti-tumor immunity. We hypothesized that T cell infiltrated tumors with a known antigen should exhibit superior clinical outcomes, though some fare worse given unfavorable metabolic features leveraging T cell-infiltrated (Thi), human papillomavirus-related (HPV+) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSC) to test this hypothesis. Expression of 2,520 metabolic genes were analyzed among Thi HPV+ HNSCs stratified by high-risk molecular subtype. RNAseq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; 10 cancer types), single cell RNAseq data, and an immunotherapy-treated melanoma cohort were used to test the association between metabolic gene expression and clinical outcomes and contribution of tumor versus stromal cells to metabolic gene expression. Polyamine (PA) metabolism genes were overexpressed in high-risk, Thi HPV+ HNSCs. Genes involved in PA biosynthesis and transport were associated with T cell infiltration, recurrent or persistent cancer, overall survival status, primary site, molecular subtype, and MYC genomic alterations. PA biogenesis gene sets were associated with tumor intrinsic features while myeloid cells in HPV+ HNSCs were enriched in PA catabolism, regulatory, transport, putrescine, and spermidine gene set expression. PA gene set expression also correlated with IFNγ or cytotoxic T cell ssGSEA scores across TCGA tumor types. PA transport ssGSEA scores were associated with poor survival whereas putrescine ssGSEA scores portended better survival for several tumor types. Thi melanomas enriched in PA synthesis or combined gene set expression exhibited worse anti-PD-1 responses. These data address hurdles to anti-tumor immunity warranting further investigation of divergent polyamine metabolism in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Alex Harbison
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rajeev Pandey
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Considine
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert D. Leone
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rossin Erbe
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Otolaryngology Human Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raj Mandal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark Burns
- Aminex Therapeutics, Kirkland, Washington
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tanguy Seiwert
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carole Fakhry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Drew Pardoll
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elana Fertig
- Department of Otolaryngology Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonathan D. Powell
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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20
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Chin A, Bieberich CJ, Stewart TM, Casero RA. Polyamine Depletion Strategies in Cancer: Remodeling the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Enhance Anti-Tumor Responses. Med Sci (Basel) 2022; 10:medsci10020031. [PMID: 35736351 PMCID: PMC9228337 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamine biosynthesis is frequently dysregulated in cancers, and enhanced flux increases intracellular polyamines necessary for promoting cell growth, proliferation, and function. Polyamine depletion strategies demonstrate efficacy in reducing tumor growth and increasing survival in animal models of cancer; however, mechanistically, the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic alterations within the tumor microenvironment underlying positive treatment outcomes are not well understood. Recently, investigators have demonstrated that co-targeting polyamine biosynthesis and transport alters the immune landscape. Although the polyamine synthesis-targeting drug 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) is well tolerated in humans and is FDA-approved for African trypanosomiasis, its clinical benefit in treating established cancers has not yet been fully realized; however, combination therapies targeting compensatory mechanisms have shown tolerability and efficacy in animal models and are currently being tested in clinical trials. As demonstrated in pre-clinical models, polyamine blocking therapy (PBT) reduces immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Thus, DFMO may sensitize tumors to other therapeutics, including immunotherapies and chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; (A.C.); (C.J.B.)
| | - Charles J. Bieberich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; (A.C.); (C.J.B.)
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Tracy Murray Stewart
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Robert A. Casero
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Correspondence:
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21
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Nissinen SI, Venäläinen M, Kumpulainen P, Roine A, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen J, Oksala N, Rantanen T. Discrimination between Pancreatic Cancer, Pancreatitis and Healthy Controls Using Urinary Polyamine Panel. Cancer Control 2022; 28:10732748211039762. [PMID: 35135363 PMCID: PMC8832577 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211039762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND Polyamines play an important role in cellular proliferation, and the change in polyamine metabolism is reported in various cancers. We searched for urinary polyamine signature for distinguishing between pancreatic cancer, premalignant lesions of the pancreas (PLP), acute and chronic pancreatitis, and controls. METHODS Patients and controls were prospectively recruited in three Finnish hospitals between October 2013 and June 2016. The patients provided a urine sample at the time of the diagnosis. The panel of 14 polyamines was obtained in a single run with mass spectrometry. The polyamine concentrations were analysed with quadratic discriminant analysis and cross-validated with leave-one-out cross-validation. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients with pancreatic cancer, 36 with acute pancreatitis, 18 with chronic pancreatitis and 7 with PLP were recruited, as were 53 controls. The combination of 4 polyamines - acetylputrescine, diacetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine and diacetylputrescine - distinguished pancreatic cancer and PLP from controls (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 68% and AUC = 0.88). The combination of diacetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine and diacetylspermine distinguished acute pancreatitis from controls (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 92%, AUC = 0.98). The combination of acetylputrescine, diacetylspermidine and diacetylputrescine distinguished chronic pancreatitis from controls (sensitivity = 98%, specificity = 71%, AUC = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Optimally selected urinary polyamine panels discriminate between pancreatic cancer and controls, as well as between acute and chronic pancreatitis and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuli I Nissinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, 3701Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Markus Venäläinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Antti Roine
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, 7840Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouko Vepsäläinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niku Oksala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, 7840Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Centre for Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, 60670Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rantanen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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22
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Kambis TN, Tofilau HMN, Gawargi FI, Chandra S, Mishra PK. Regulating Polyamine Metabolism by miRNAs in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Curr Diab Rep 2021; 21:52. [PMID: 34902085 PMCID: PMC8668854 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-021-01429-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Insulin is at the heart of diabetes mellitus (DM). DM alters cardiac metabolism causing cardiomyopathy, ultimately leading to heart failure. Polyamines, organic compounds synthesized by cardiomyocytes, have an insulin-like activity and effect on glucose metabolism, making them metabolites of interest in the DM heart. This review sheds light on the disrupted microRNA network in the DM heart in relation to developing novel therapeutics targeting polyamine biosynthesis to prevent/mitigate diabetic cardiomyopathy. RECENT FINDINGS Polyamines prevent DM-induced upregulation of glucose and ketone body levels similar to insulin. Polyamines also enhance mitochondrial respiration and thereby regulate all major metabolic pathways. Non-coding microRNAs regulate a majority of the biological pathways in our body by modulating gene expression via mRNA degradation or translational repression. However, the role of miRNA in polyamine biosynthesis in the DM heart remains unclear. This review discusses the regulation of polyamine synthesis and metabolism, and its impact on cardiac metabolism and circulating levels of glucose, insulin, and ketone bodies. We provide insights on potential roles of polyamines in diabetic cardiomyopathy and putative miRNAs that could regulate polyamine biosynthesis in the DM heart. Future studies will unravel the regulatory roles these miRNAs play in polyamine biosynthesis and will open new doors in the prevention/treatment of adverse cardiac remodeling in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler N Kambis
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - Flobater I Gawargi
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surabhi Chandra
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE, 68845, USA
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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23
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Dobrovolskaite A, Madan M, Pandey V, Altomare DA, Phanstiel O. The discovery of indolone GW5074 during a comprehensive search for non-polyamine-based polyamine transport inhibitors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 138:106038. [PMID: 34252566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The native polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are essential for cell development and proliferation. Polyamine levels are often increased in cancer tissues and polyamine depletion is a validated anticancer strategy. Cancer cell growth can be inhibited by the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), which inhibits ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the rate-limiting enzyme in the polyamine biosynthesis pathway. Unfortunately, cells treated with DFMO often replenish their polyamine pools by importing polyamines from their environment. Several polyamine-based molecules have been developed to work as polyamine transport inhibitors (PTIs) and have been successfully used in combination with DFMO in several cancer models. Here, we present the first comprehensive search for potential non-polyamine based PTIs that work in human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. After identifying and testing five different categories of compounds, we have identified the c-RAF inhibitor, GW5074, as a novel non-polyamine based PTI. GW5074 inhibited the uptake of all three native polyamines and a fluorescent-polyamine probe into human pancreatic cancer cells. GW5074 significantly reduced pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro when treated in combination with DFMO and a rescuing dose of spermidine. Moreover, GW5074 alone reduced tumor growth when tested in a murine pancreatic cancer mouse model in vivo. In summary, GW5074 is a novel non-polyamine-based PTI that potentiates the anticancer activity of DFMO in pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Dobrovolskaite
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32827, United States
| | - Meenu Madan
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32827, United States
| | - Veethika Pandey
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32827, United States
| | - Deborah A Altomare
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32827, United States
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, 32827, United States.
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24
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Hamouda NN, Van den Haute C, Vanhoutte R, Sannerud R, Azfar M, Mayer R, Cortés Calabuig Á, Swinnen JV, Agostinis P, Baekelandt V, Annaert W, Impens F, Verhelst SHL, Eggermont J, Martin S, Vangheluwe P. ATP13A3 is a major component of the enigmatic mammalian polyamine transport system. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100182. [PMID: 33310703 PMCID: PMC7948421 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines, such as putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, are physiologically important polycations, but the transporters responsible for their uptake in mammalian cells remain poorly characterized. Here, we reveal a new component of the mammalian polyamine transport system using CHO-MG cells, a widely used model to study alternative polyamine uptake routes and characterize polyamine transport inhibitors for therapy. CHO-MG cells present polyamine uptake deficiency and resistance to a toxic polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor methylglyoxal bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), but the molecular defects responsible for these cellular characteristics remain unknown. By genome sequencing of CHO-MG cells, we identified mutations in an unexplored gene, ATP13A3, and found disturbed mRNA and protein expression. ATP13A3 encodes for an orphan P5B-ATPase (ATP13A3), a P-type transport ATPase that represents a candidate polyamine transporter. Interestingly, ATP13A3 complemented the putrescine transport deficiency and MGBG resistance of CHO-MG cells, whereas its knockdown in WT cells induced a CHO-MG phenotype demonstrated as a decrease in putrescine uptake and MGBG sensitivity. Taken together, our findings identify ATP13A3, which has been previously genetically linked with pulmonary arterial hypertension, as a major component of the mammalian polyamine transport system that confers sensitivity to MGBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norin Nabil Hamouda
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Van den Haute
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roeland Vanhoutte
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ragna Sannerud
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mujahid Azfar
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rupert Mayer
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Johannes V Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, LKI - Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Laboratory of Cell Death Research & Therapy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Baekelandt
- Laboratory for Neurobiology and Gene Therapy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Annaert
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- Department for Biomolecular Medicine, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB Proteomics Core, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven H L Verhelst
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Chemical Proteomics, Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences ISAS, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan Eggermont
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shaun Martin
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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25
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Li J, Meng Y, Wu X, Sun Y. Polyamines and related signaling pathways in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:539. [PMID: 33292222 PMCID: PMC7643453 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are aliphatic compounds with more than two amino groups that play various important roles in human cells. In cancer, polyamine metabolism dysfunction often occurs, and regulatory mechanisms of polyamine. This review summarizes the existing research on the metabolism and transport of polyamines to study the association of oncogenes and related signaling pathways with polyamines in tumor cells. Drugs that regulate enzymes have been developed for cancer treatment, and in the future, more attention should be paid to treatment strategies that simultaneously modulate polyamine metabolism and carcinogenic signaling pathways. In addition, the polyamine pathway is a potential target for cancer chemoprevention. As an irreversible suicide inhibitor of the ornithine decarboxylase (a vital enzyme of polyamine synthesis), Difluoro-methylornithine had been shown to have the chemoprevention effect on cancer. Therefore, we summarized and analyzed the chemoprophylaxis effect of the difluoromethylornithine in this systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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26
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Proietti E, Rossini S, Grohmann U, Mondanelli G. Polyamines and Kynurenines at the Intersection of Immune Modulation. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:1037-1050. [PMID: 33055013 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines (i.e., putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are bioactive polycations capable of binding nucleic acids and proteins and modulating signaling pathways. Polyamine functions have been studied most extensively in tumors, where they can promote cell transformation and proliferation. Recently, spermidine was found to exert protective effects in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS) and to confer immunoregulatory properties on dendritic cells (DCs), via the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme. IDO1 converts l-tryptophan into metabolites, collectively known as kynurenines, endowed with several immunoregulatory effects via activation of the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Because AhR activation increases polyamine production, the emerging scenario has identified polyamines and kynurenines as actors of an immunoregulatory circuitry with potential implications for immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Proietti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sofia Rossini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ursula Grohmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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27
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Madeo F, Hofer SJ, Pendl T, Bauer MA, Eisenberg T, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Kroemer G. Nutritional Aspects of Spermidine. Annu Rev Nutr 2020; 40:135-159. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are small, positively charged molecules that are ubiquitously found within organisms and cells. They exert numerous (intra)cellular functions and have been implicated to protect against several age-related diseases. Although polyamine levels decline in a complex age-dependent, tissue-, and cell type–specific manner, they are maintained in healthy nonagenarians and centenarians. Increased polyamine levels, including through enhanced dietary intake, have been consistently linked to improved health and reduced overall mortality. In preclinical models, dietary supplementation with spermidine prolongs life span and health span. In this review, we highlight salient aspects of nutritional polyamine intake and summarize the current knowledge of organismal and cellular uptake and distribution of dietary (and gastrointestinal) polyamines and their impact on human health. We further summarize clinical and epidemiological studies of dietary polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian J. Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Pendl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maria A. Bauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Central Lab Graz Cell Informatics and Analyses (GRACIA), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, F-75015 Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu 215163, Suzhou, China
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University, S-17177 Solna, Sweden
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28
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Correlation of polyamines, acrolein-conjugated lysine and polyamine metabolic enzyme levels with age in human liver. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05031. [PMID: 32995657 PMCID: PMC7512001 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamines spermidine, spermine and putrescine are essential for normal cellular functions. The contents of polyamines in tissue decreased in aged mice compared to young mice. In this study, the polyamine contents and their metabolic byproduct acrolein-conjugated lysine (Nε-(3-formyl-3,4-dehydropiperidino)-lysine, FDP-Lys) in human liver tissue were measured and analyzed the correlation with age of the subjects. The putrescine and FDP-Lys levels were significantly increased with age. On the other hand, spermine level was decreased with age. Spermidine did not significantly correlate with age. The relative amount of spermine oxidase (SMOX) significantly correlated with the age of subjects whereas ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AMD1) significantly reduced by the age. Our results suggested that an increase in oxidation and reduction in polyamine synthesis may cause the change of polyamine profile in the elderly.
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29
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Massaro C, Thomas J, Ikhlef H, Dinara S, Cronk S, Moots H, Phanstiel O. Serendipitous Discovery of Leucine and Methionine Depletion Agents during the Search for Polyamine Transport Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2814-2832. [PMID: 32069402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Targeting polyamine metabolism is a proven anticancer strategy. Cancers often escape the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors by increased polyamine import. Therefore, there is much interest in identifying polyamine transport inhibitors (PTIs) to be used in combination therapies. In a search for new PTIs, we serendipitously discovered a LAT-1 efflux agonist, which induces intracellular depletion of methionine, leucine, spermidine, and spermine, but not putrescine. Because S-adenosylmethioninamine is made from methionine, a loss of intracellular methionine leads to an inability to biosynthesize spermidine, and spermine. Importantly, we found that this methionine-depletion approach to polyamine depletion could not be rescued by exogenous polyamines, thereby obviating the need for a PTI. Using 3H-leucine (the gold standard for LAT-1 transport studies) and JPH-203 (a specific LAT-1 inhibitor), we showed that the efflux agonist did not inhibit the uptake of extracellular leucine but instead facilitated the efflux of intracellular leucine pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Massaro
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Jenna Thomas
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Houssine Ikhlef
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Sharifa Dinara
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Sara Cronk
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Holly Moots
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida 12722 Research Parkway Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
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30
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Gamble LD, Purgato S, Murray J, Xiao L, Yu DMT, Hanssen KM, Giorgi FM, Carter DR, Gifford AJ, Valli E, Milazzo G, Kamili A, Mayoh C, Liu B, Eden G, Sarraf S, Allan S, Di Giacomo S, Flemming CL, Russell AJ, Cheung BB, Oberthuer A, London WB, Fischer M, Trahair TN, Fletcher JI, Marshall GM, Ziegler DS, Hogarty MD, Burns MR, Perini G, Norris MD, Haber M. Inhibition of polyamine synthesis and uptake reduces tumor progression and prolongs survival in mouse models of neuroblastoma. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/477/eaau1099. [PMID: 30700572 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is associated with an aggressive phenotype and poor outcome in childhood neuroblastoma. Polyamines are highly regulated essential cations that are frequently elevated in cancer cells, and the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine synthesis, ornithine decarboxylase 1 (ODC1), is a direct transcriptional target of MYCN. Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with the ODC1 inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), although a promising therapeutic strategy, is only partially effective at impeding neuroblastoma cell growth due to activation of compensatory mechanisms resulting in increased polyamine uptake from the surrounding microenvironment. In this study, we identified solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) as the key transporter involved in polyamine uptake in neuroblastoma. Knockdown of SLC3A2 in neuroblastoma cells reduced the uptake of the radiolabeled polyamine spermidine, and DFMO treatment increased SLC3A2 protein. In addition, MYCN directly increased polyamine synthesis and promoted neuroblastoma cell proliferation by regulating SLC3A2 and other regulatory components of the polyamine pathway. Inhibiting polyamine uptake with the small-molecule drug AMXT 1501, in combination with DFMO, prevented or delayed tumor development in neuroblastoma-prone mice and extended survival in rodent models of established tumors. Our findings suggest that combining AMXT 1501 and DFMO with standard chemotherapy might be an effective strategy for treating neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Gamble
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Stefania Purgato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Jayne Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Lin Xiao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Denise M T Yu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kimberley M Hanssen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Andrew J Gifford
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Department of Anatomical Pathology (SEALS), Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Emanuele Valli
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Giorgio Milazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Alvin Kamili
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Georgina Eden
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sara Sarraf
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Sophie Allan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Simone Di Giacomo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Claudia L Flemming
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Amanda J Russell
- Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Andre Oberthuer
- Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, D-50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wendy B London
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, D-50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Toby N Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4318, USA
| | - Mark R Burns
- Aminex Therapeutics, Aminex Therapeutics Inc., Kirkland, WA 98034, USA
| | - Giovanni Perini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, PO Box 81, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia. .,School of Women's & Children's Health, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2052, Australia
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Moriyama Y, Hatano R, Moriyama S, Uehara S. Vesicular polyamine transporter as a novel player in amine-mediated chemical transmission. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183208. [PMID: 32004521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The solute carrier 18B1 (SLC18B1) is the most recently identified gene of the vesicular amine transporter family and is conserved in the animal kingdom from insects to humans. Proteoliposomes containing the purified human SLC18B1 protein transport not only monoamines, but also polyamines, such as spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), using an electrochemical gradient of H+ established by vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) as the driving force. SLC18B1 gene knockdown abolished the exocytosis of polyamines from mast cells, which affected the secretion of histamine. SLC18B1 gene knockout decreased polyamine levels by ~20% in the brain, and impaired short- and long-term memory. Thus, the SLC18B1 protein is responsible for the vesicular storage and release of polyamines, and functions as a vesicular polyamine transporter (VPAT). VPAT may define when, where, and how polyamine-mediated chemical transmission occurs, providing insights into the more versatile and complex features of amine-mediated chemical transmission than currently considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan; CYRIC Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Ryo Hatano
- Department of Medicinal Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Satomi Moriyama
- Laboratory of Bio-Molecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri 399-0781, Japan
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32
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Bekebrede AF, Keijer J, Gerrits WJJ, de Boer VCJ. The Molecular and Physiological Effects of Protein-Derived Polyamines in the Intestine. Nutrients 2020; 12:E197. [PMID: 31940783 PMCID: PMC7020012 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of a high-protein diet increases protein entry into the colon. Colonic microbiota can ferment proteins, which results in the production of protein fermentation end-products, like polyamines. This review describes the effects of polyamines on biochemical, cellular and physiological processes, with a focus on the colon. Polyamines (mainly spermine, spermidine, putrescine and cadaverine) are involved in the regulation of protein translation and gene transcription. In this, the spermidine-derived hypusination modification of EIF5A plays an important role. In addition, polyamines regulate metabolic functions. Through hypusination of EIF5A, polyamines also regulate translation of mitochondrial proteins, thereby increasing their expression. They can also induce mitophagy through various pathways, which helps to remove damaged organelles and improves cell survival. In addition, polyamines increase mitochondrial substrate oxidation by increasing mitochondrial Ca2+-levels. Putrescine can even serve as an energy source for enterocytes in the small intestine. By regulating the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, polyamines help maintain mitochondrial membrane integrity. However, their catabolism may also reduce metabolic functions by depleting intracellular acetyl-CoA levels, or through production of toxic by-products. Lastly, polyamines support gut physiology, by supporting barrier function, inducing gut maturation and increasing longevity. Polyamines thus play many roles, and their impact is strongly tissue- and dose-dependent. However, whether diet-derived increases in colonic luminal polyamine levels also impact intestinal physiology has not been resolved yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F. Bekebrede
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Walter J. J. Gerrits
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands; (A.F.B.); (J.K.)
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33
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Capella Roca B, Lao N, Barron N, Doolan P, Clynes M. An arginase-based system for selection of transfected CHO cells without the use of toxic chemicals. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18756-18768. [PMID: 31666335 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines have essential roles in cell proliferation, DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes, with intracellular depletion of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine resulting in cellular growth arrest and eventual death. Serum-free media for CHO-K1 cells require putrescine supplementation, because these cells lack the first enzyme of the polyamine production pathway, arginase. On the basis of this phenotype, we developed an arginase-based selection system. We transfected CHO-K1 cells with a bicistronic vector co-expressing GFP and arginase and selected cells in media devoid of l-ornithine and putrescine, resulting in mixed populations stably expressing GFP. Moreover, single clones in these selective media stably expressed GFP for a total of 42 generations. Using this polyamine starvation method, we next generated recombinant CHO-K1 cells co-expressing arginase and human erythropoietin (hEPO), which also displayed stable expression and healthy growth. The hEPO-expressing clones grew in commercial media, such as BalanCD and CHO-S serum-free media (SFM)-II, as well as in a defined serum-free, putrescine-containing medium for at least 9 passages (27 generations), with a minimal decrease in hEPO titer by the end of the culture. We observed a lack of arginase activity also in several CHO cell strains (CHO-DP12, CHO-S, and DUXB11) and other mammalian cell lines, including BHK21, suggesting broader utility of this selection system. In conclusion, we have established an easy-to-apply alternative selection system that effectively generates mammalian cell clones expressing biopharmaceutically relevant or other recombinant proteins without the need for any toxic selective agents. We propose that this system is applicable to mammalian cell lines that lack arginase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Capella Roca
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; SSPC-SFI, Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Nga Lao
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, A94 X099 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Barron
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training, A94 X099 Dublin, Ireland; School of Chemical & Bioprocessing Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04V1W8, Ireland
| | - Padraig Doolan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; SSPC-SFI, Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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34
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Uemura T, Tsaprailis G, Gerner EW. GSTΠ stimulates caveolin-1-regulated polyamine uptake via actin remodeling. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5713-5723. [PMID: 31620246 PMCID: PMC6779281 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines spermidine and spermine, and their diamine precursor putrescine, are essential for normal cellular functions in both pro- and eukaryotes. Cellular polyamine levels are regulated by biosynthesis, degradation and transport. Transport of dietary and luminal bacterial polyamines in gastrointestinal (GI) tissues plays a significant role in tissue polyamine homeostasis. We have reported that caveolin-1 play an inhibitory role in polyamine uptake in GI tissues. We investigated the mechanism of caveolin-1-regulated polyamine transport. We found that glutathione S-transferase Π(GSTΠ) was secreted from caveolin-1 knockdown cells and stimulated spermidine transport in human colon-derived HCT116 cells. GSTΠ secreted in the medium increased S-glutathionylated protein level in the plasma membrane fraction. Proteomic analysis revealed that actin was S-glutathionylated by GSTΠ. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that actin filaments around plasma membrane were S-glutathionylated in caveolin-1 knockdown cells. Inhibition of actin remodeling by jasplakinolide caused a decrease in polyamine uptake activity. These data support a model in which caveolin-1 negatively regulates polyamine uptake by inhibiting GSTΠ secretion, which stimulates actin remodeling and endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uemura
- Amine Pharma Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan
| | - George Tsaprailis
- Center for Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Eugene W Gerner
- Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals, Tucson, Arizona 85718, USA
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35
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Zahedi K, Barone S, Soleimani M. Polyamine Catabolism in Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4790. [PMID: 31561575 PMCID: PMC6801762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to an abrupt decrease in kidney function. It affects approximately 7% of all hospitalized patients and almost 35% of intensive care patients. Mortality from acute kidney injury remains high, particularly in critically ill patients, where it can be more than 50%. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), sepsis, or nephrotoxicity; however, AKI patients may present with a complicated etiology where many of the aforementioned conditions co-exist. Multiple bio-markers associated with renal damage, as well as metabolic and signal transduction pathways that are involved in the mediation of renal dysfunction have been identified as a result of the examination of models, patient samples, and clinical data of AKI of disparate etiologies. These discoveries have enhanced our ability to diagnose AKIs and to begin to elucidate the mechanisms involved in their pathogenesis. Studies in our laboratory revealed that the expression and activity of spermine/spermidine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine back conversion, were enhanced in kidneys of rats after I/R injury. Additional studies revealed that the expression of spermine oxidase (SMOX), another critical enzyme in polyamine catabolism, is also elevated in the kidney and other organs subjected to I/R, septic, toxic, and traumatic injuries. The maladaptive role of polyamine catabolism in the mediation of AKI and other injuries has been clearly demonstrated. This review will examine the biochemical and mechanistic basis of tissue damage brought about by enhanced polyamine degradation and discuss the potential of therapeutic interventions that target polyamine catabolic enzymes or their byproducts for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Sharon Barone
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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36
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Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 is a gene-specific transcriptional regulator that drives brain tumor aggressiveness. Oncogene 2019; 38:6794-6800. [PMID: 31399646 PMCID: PMC6786946 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1), the rate limiting enzyme in polyamine catabolism, has broad regulatory roles due to near ubiquitous polyamine binding. We describe a novel function of SAT1 as a gene-specific transcriptional regulator through local polyamine acetylation. SAT1 expression is elevated in aggressive brain tumors and promotes resistance to radiotherapy. Expression profiling in glioma cells identified SAT1 target genes that distinguish high and low grade tumors, in support of the prognostic utility of SAT1 expression. We further discovered mechanisms of SAT1-driven tumor aggressiveness through promotion of expression of both DNA damage response pathways as well as cell cycle regulatory genes. Mechanistically, SAT1 associates specifically with the promoter of the MELK gene, which functionally controls other SAT1 targets, and leads biologically to maintenance of neurosphere stemness in conjunction with FOXM1 and EZH2. CRISPR knockin mutants demonstrate the essentiality of the polyamine acetyl transferase activity of SAT1 for its function as a transcriptional regulator. Together, the data demonstrate that gene-specific polyamine removal is a major transcriptional regulatory mechanism active in high grade gliomas that drives poor outcomes.
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37
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Inhibition of dendritic spine extension through acrolein conjugation with α-, β-tubulin proteins. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 113:58-66. [PMID: 31150838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We have recently found that conjugation of acrolein with a 50 kDa protein(s) is strongly associated with tissue damage during brain infarction. In the current study, the identity and function of the 50 kDa protein(s) conjugated with acrolein during brain infarction were investigated. The 50 kDa protein(s) conjugated with acrolein were identified as α- and β-tubulins. Ten cysteine residues in α- and β-tubulins (Cys25, 295, 347 and 376 in α-tubulin and Cys12, 129, 211, 239, 303 and 354 in β-tubulin) were mainly conjugated with acrolein. Since two cysteine residues of α-tubulin (Cys347 and 376) and four cysteine residues of β-tubulin (Cys12, 129, 239 and 354) were located at the interaction site of α- and β-tubulins, association between α- and β-tubulins to form microtubules was strongly inhibited by conjugation with acrolein. Accordingly, dendritic spine extension consisting of microtubules was greatly inhibited in acrolein-treated Neuro2a cells. The results strongly suggest that acrolein contributes to the functional losses in brain signaling through its conjugation with α- and β-tubulins.
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38
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Ramos-Molina B, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Lambertos A, Tinahones FJ, Peñafiel R. Dietary and Gut Microbiota Polyamines in Obesity- and Age-Related Diseases. Front Nutr 2019; 6:24. [PMID: 30923709 PMCID: PMC6426781 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are widely distributed polycationic compounds essential for cellular functions. Intracellular polyamine pools are tightly regulated by a complex regulatory mechanism involving de novo biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport across the plasma membrane. In mammals, both the production of polyamines and their uptake from the extracellular space are controlled by a set of proteins named antizymes and antizyme inhibitors. Dysregulation of polyamine levels has been implicated in a variety of human pathologies, especially cancer. Additionally, decreases in the intracellular and circulating polyamine levels during aging have been reported. The differences in the polyamine content existing among tissues are mainly due to the endogenous polyamine metabolism. In addition, a part of the tissue polyamines has its origin in the diet or their production by the intestinal microbiome. Emerging evidence has suggested that exogenous polyamines (either orally administrated or synthetized by the gut microbiota) are able to induce longevity in mice, and that spermidine supplementation exerts cardioprotective effects in animal models. Furthermore, the administration of either spermidine or spermine has been shown to be effective for improving glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity and reducing adiposity and hepatic fat accumulation in diet-induced obesity mouse models. The exogenous addition of agmatine, a cationic molecule produced through arginine decarboxylation by bacteria and plants, also exerts significant effects on glucose metabolism in obese models, as well as cardioprotective effects. In this review, we will discuss some aspects of polyamine metabolism and transport, how diet can affect circulating and local polyamine levels, and how the modulation of either polyamine intake or polyamine production by gut microbiota can be used for potential therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana Lambertos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research of Malaga, University and Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Peñafiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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39
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Yamaguchi H, Mano N. Analysis of membrane transport mechanisms of endogenous substrates using chromatographic techniques. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4495. [PMID: 30661254 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Membrane transporters are expressed in various bodily tissues and play essential roles in the homeostasis of endogenous substances and the absortion, distribution and/or excretion of xenobiotics. For transporter assays, radioisotope-labeled compounds have been mainly used. However, commercially available radioisotope-labeled compounds are limited in number and relatively expensive. Chromatographic analyses such as high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorptiometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry have also been applied for transport assays. To elucidate the transport properties of endogenous substrates, although there is no difficulty in performing assays using radioisotope-labeled probes, the endogenous background and the metabolism of the compound after its translocation across cell membranes must be considered when the intact compound is assayed. In this review, the current state of knowledge about the transport of endogenous substrates via membrane transporters as determined by chromatographic techniques is summarized. Chromatographic techniques have contributed to our understanding of the transport of endogenous substances including amino acids, catecholamines, bile acids, prostanoids and uremic toxins via membrane transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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40
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Tietz-Bogert PS, Kim M, Cheung A, Tabibian JH, Heimbach JK, Rosen CB, Nandakumar M, Lazaridis KN, LaRusso NF, Sung J, O'Hara SP. Metabolomic Profiling of Portal Blood and Bile Reveals Metabolic Signatures of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103188. [PMID: 30332763 PMCID: PMC6214107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a pathogenically complex, chronic, fibroinflammatory disorder of the bile ducts without known etiology or effective pharmacotherapy. Emerging in vitro and in vivo evidence support fundamental pathophysiologic mechanisms in PSC centered on enterohepatic circulation. To date, no studies have specifically interrogated the chemical footprint of enterohepatic circulation in PSC. Herein, we evaluated the metabolome and lipidome of portal venous blood and bile obtained at the time of liver transplantation in patients with PSC (n = 7) as compared to individuals with noncholestatic, end-stage liver disease (viral, metabolic, etc. (disease control, DC, n = 19)) and to nondisease controls (NC, living donors, n = 12). Global metabolomic and lipidomic profiling was performed on serum derived from portal venous blood (portal serum) and bile using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and differential mobility spectroscopy-mass spectroscopy (DMS-MS; complex lipid platform). The Mann–Whitney U test was used to identify metabolites that significantly differed between groups. Principal-component analysis (PCA) showed significant separation of both PSC and DC from NC for both portal serum and bile. Metabolite set enrichment analysis of portal serum and bile demonstrated that the liver-disease cohorts (PSC and DC) exhibited similar enrichment in several metabolite categories compared to NC. Interestingly, the bile in PSC was uniquely enriched for dipeptide and polyamine metabolites. Finally, analysis of patient-matched portal serum and biliary metabolome revealed that these biological fluids were more homogeneous in PSC than in DC or NC, suggesting aberrant bile formation and enterohepatic circulation. In summary, PSC and DC patients exhibited alterations in several metabolites in portal serum and bile, while PSC patients exhibited a unique bile metabolome. These specific alterations in PSC are amenable to hypothesis testing and, potentially, therapeutic pharmacologic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela S Tietz-Bogert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Minsuk Kim
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Angela Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - James H Tabibian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA.
| | - Julie K Heimbach
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Charles B Rosen
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | - Konstantinos N Lazaridis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Nicholas F LaRusso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Jaeyun Sung
- Microbiome Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Steven P O'Hara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
- Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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41
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Fernández-Reina A, Urdiales JL, Sánchez-Jiménez F. What We Know and What We Need to Know about Aromatic and Cationic Biogenic Amines in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Foods 2018; 7:E145. [PMID: 30181486 PMCID: PMC6164962 DOI: 10.3390/foods7090145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines derived from basic and aromatic amino acids (B/A-BAs), polyamines, histamine, serotonin, and catecholamines are a group of molecules playing essential roles in many relevant physiological processes, including cell proliferation, immune response, nutrition and reproduction. All these physiological effects involve a variety of tissue-specific cellular receptors and signalling pathways, which conforms to a very complex network that is not yet well-characterized. Strong evidence has proved the importance of this group of molecules in the gastrointestinal context, also playing roles in several pathologies. This work is based on the hypothesis that integration of biomedical information helps to reach new translational actions. Thus, the major aim of this work is to combine scientific knowledge on biomolecules, metabolism and physiology of the main B/A-BAs involved in the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract, in order to point out important gaps in information and other facts deserving further research efforts in order to connect molecular information with pathophysiological observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Reina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Luis Urdiales
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Francisca Sánchez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras & IBIMA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain.
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42
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Lane DJR, Bae DH, Siafakas AR, Suryo Rahmanto Y, Al-Akra L, Jansson PJ, Casero RA, Richardson DR. Coupling of the polyamine and iron metabolism pathways in the regulation of proliferation: Mechanistic links to alterations in key polyamine biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2793-2813. [PMID: 29777905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many biological processes result from the coupling of metabolic pathways. Considering this, proliferation depends on adequate iron and polyamines, and although iron-depletion impairs proliferation, the metabolic link between iron and polyamine metabolism has never been thoroughly investigated. This is important to decipher, as many disease states demonstrate co-dysregulation of iron and polyamine metabolism. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate that cellular iron levels robustly regulate 13 polyamine pathway proteins. Seven of these were regulated in a conserved manner by iron-depletion across different cell-types, with four proteins being down-regulated (i.e., acireductone dioxygenase 1 [ADI1], methionine adenosyltransferase 2α [MAT2α], Antizyme and polyamine oxidase [PAOX]) and three proteins being up-regulated (i.e., S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase [AMD1], Antizyme inhibitor 1 [AZIN1] and spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase 1 [SAT1]). Depletion of iron also markedly decreased polyamine pools (i.e., spermidine and/or spermine, but not putrescine). Accordingly, iron-depletion also decreased S-adenosylmethionine that is essential for spermidine/spermine biosynthesis. Iron-depletion additionally reduced 3H-spermidine uptake in direct agreement with the lowered levels of the polyamine importer, SLC22A16. Regarding mechanism, the "reprogramming" of polyamine metabolism by iron-depletion is consistent with the down-regulation of ADI1 and MAT2α, and the up-regulation of SAT1. Moreover, changes in ADI1 (biosynthetic) and SAT1 (catabolic) partially depended on the iron-regulated changes in c-Myc and/or p53. The ability of iron chelators to inhibit proliferation was rescuable by putrescine and spermidine, and under some conditions by spermine. Collectively, iron and polyamine metabolism are intimately coupled, which has significant ramifications for understanding the integrated role of iron and polyamine metabolism in proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius J R Lane
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Dong-Hun Bae
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aritee R Siafakas
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Yohan Suryo Rahmanto
- Department of Pathology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lina Al-Akra
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Patric J Jansson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Robert A Casero
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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43
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Phanstiel O. An overview of polyamine metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:1968-1976. [PMID: 29134652 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest major cancers, with a five year survival rate of less than 8%. With current therapies only giving rise to modest life extension, new approaches are desperately needed. Even though targeting polyamine metabolism is a proven anticancer strategy, there are no reports, which thoroughly survey the literature describing the role of polyamine biosynthesis and transport in PDAC. This review seeks to fill this void by describing what is currently known about polyamine metabolism in PDAC and identifies new targets and opportunities to treat this disease. Due to the pleiotropic effects that polyamines play in cells, this review covers diverse areas ranging from polyamine metabolism (biosynthesis, catabolism and transport), as well as the potential role of polyamines in desmoplasia, autophagy and immune privilege. Understanding these diverse roles provides the opportunity to design new therapies to treat this deadly cancer via polyamine depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
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44
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Wang M, Phanstiel O, von Kalm L. Evaluation of Polyamine Transport Inhibitors in a Drosophila Epithelial Model Suggests the Existence of Multiple Transport Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 5:medsci5040027. [PMID: 29135915 PMCID: PMC5753656 DOI: 10.3390/medsci5040027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased polyamine biosynthesis activity and an active polyamine transport system are characteristics of many cancer cell lines and polyamine depletion has been shown to be a viable anticancer strategy. Polyamine levels can be depleted by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of the key polyamine biosynthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). However, malignant cells frequently circumvent DFMO therapy by up-regulating polyamine import. Therefore, there is a need to develop compounds that inhibit polyamine transport. Collectively, DFMO and a polyamine transport inhibitor (PTI) provide the basis for a combination therapy leading to effective intracellular polyamine depletion. We have previously shown that the pattern of uptake of a series of polyamine analogues in a Drosophila model epithelium shares many characteristics with mammalian cells, indicating a high degree of similarity between the mammalian and Drosophila polyamine transport systems. In this report, we focused on the utility of the Drosophila epithelial model to identify and characterize polyamine transport inhibitors. We show that a previously identified inhibitor of transport in mammalian cells has a similar activity profile in Drosophila. The Drosophila model was also used to evaluate two additional transport inhibitors. We further demonstrate that a cocktail of polyamine transport inhibitors is more effective than individual inhibitors, suggesting the existence of multiple transport systems in Drosophila. Our findings reinforce the similarity between the Drosophila and mammalian transport systems and the value of the Drosophila model to provide inexpensive early screening of molecules targeting the transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minpei Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
| | - Laurence von Kalm
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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45
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Activation of MMP-9 activity by acrolein in saliva from patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome and its mechanism. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 88:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Spearman M, Chan S, Jung V, Kowbel V, Mendoza M, Miranda V, Butler M. Components of yeast (Sacchromyces cervisiae) extract as defined media additives that support the growth and productivity of CHO cells. J Biotechnol 2016; 233:129-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Metabolite Analysis and Histology on the Exact Same Tissue: Comprehensive Metabolomic Profiling and Metabolic Classification of Prostate Cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32272. [PMID: 27578275 PMCID: PMC5006072 DOI: 10.1038/srep32272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a method of metabolomic profiling of intact tissue based on molecular preservation by extraction and fixation (mPREF) and high-performance chemical isotope labeling (CIL) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). mPREF extracts metabolites by aqueous methanol from tissue biopsies without altering tissue architecture and thus conventional histology can be performed on the same tissue. In a proof-of-principle study, we applied dansylation LC-MS to profile the amine/phenol submetabolome of prostate needle biopsies from 25 patient samples derived from 16 subjects. 2900 metabolites were consistently detected in more than 50% of the samples. This unprecedented coverage allowed us to identify significant metabolites for differentiating tumor and normal tissues. The panel of significant metabolites was refined using 36 additional samples from 18 subjects. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis showed area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.896 with sensitivity of 84.6% and specificity of 83.3% using 7 metabolites. A blind study of 24 additional validation samples gave a specificity of 90.9% at the same sensitivity of 84.6%. The mPREF extraction can be readily implemented into the existing clinical workflow. Our method of combining mPREF with CIL LC-MS offers a powerful and convenient means of performing histopathology and discovering or detecting metabolite biomarkers in the same tissue biopsy.
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Madan M, Patel A, Skruber K, Geerts D, Altomare DA, IV OP. ATP13A3 and caveolin-1 as potential biomarkers for difluoromethylornithine-based therapies in pancreatic cancers. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1231-1252. [PMID: 27429841 PMCID: PMC4937730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to better understand the role of polyamine transport in pancreatic cancers.This paper identifies potential biomarkers for assessing the relative tumor commitment to polyamine biosynthesis or transport. Cell lines with low polyamine import activity and low ATP13A3 protein levels appear committed to polyamine biosynthesis and required high concentrations of the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor, difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) to inhibit their growth (e.g., AsPC-1 and Capan 1). In contrast, cell lines with high polyamine import activity and high ATP13A3 protein expression (e.g., L3.6pl) demonstrated a commitment to polyamine transport and required lower DFMO concentrations to inhibit their growth. Pancreatic cancer cell lines which were most sensitive to DFMO also gave the highest EC50 values for the polyamine transport inhibitors (PTIs) tested indicating that more PTI was needed to inhibit the active polyamine transport systems of these cell lines. Most significant is that the combination therapy of DFMO+PTI was efficacious against both cell types with the PTI showing low efficacy in cell lines with low polyamine transport activity and high efficacy in cell lines with high polyamine transport activity. High ATP13A3 protein expression and moderate to low Cav-1 protein expression was shown to be predictive of tumors which effectively escape DFMO via polyamine import. In summary, this report demonstrates for the first time the role of ATP13A3 in polyamine transport and its use as a potential biomarker along with Cav-1 to select tumors most susceptible to DFMO. These findings may help stratify patients in the ongoing clinical trials with DFMO-based therapies and help predict tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Madan
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
| | - Arjun Patel
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
| | - Kristen Skruber
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 503015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah A Altomare
- Burnett School for Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida6900 Lake Nona Blvd., Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Otto Phanstiel IV
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida College of Medicine12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, USA
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Cao Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Liu X, Han N, Zhang K, Lin D. Estimation of the Survival of Patients With Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Genomic Copy Number Aberrations. Clin Lung Cancer 2015; 17:68-74.e5. [PMID: 26427646 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimation of the survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on the basis of histopathology is inadequate. The aim of this study was to identify genomic regions with potential value for estimating the prognosis of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Depending on their survival time, 100 patients with primary lung SCC were separated into high- or low-risk prognostic groups, and their copy number aberrations (CNAs) were analyzed using array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). RESULTS We identified 123 CNA regions that were significantly associated with survival. Among these regions, some have been reported previously (eg, amplifications of 8p12, 3q27.1, and loss of 9p21.3 and 13q34) but others have never been reported. For example, gains of 3q27.1, 5p13.2, and 5p13.3 were found to be associated with a favorable prognosis, but patients harboring gains of 11q23.3, 11q13.1, and 14q32.3, and deletions of 3p21.3 and 9p21.3 tended to have poor survival. Among the 123 CNA regions, 41 were further selected to construct a survival estimation model that could effectively separate SCC patients into high- or low-risk groups with an accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 94%. The results of the array-CGH were further validated in an independent cohort of 45 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens using real-time polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSION A number of CNA regions were found to be associated with the survival of SCC patients, and we were able to construct a model to estimate prognosis on the basis of these regions. Assessment of these CNAs could potentially assist in clinical decision-making regarding adjuvant therapy after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- Department of Pathology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China; Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - XiangYang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Naijun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.
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50
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Wikoff WR, Hanash S, DeFelice B, Miyamoto S, Barnett M, Zhao Y, Goodman G, Feng Z, Gandara D, Fiehn O, Taguchi A. Diacetylspermine Is a Novel Prediagnostic Serum Biomarker for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Has Additive Performance With Pro-Surfactant Protein B. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:3880-6. [PMID: 26282655 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.61.7779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have investigated the potential of metabolomics to discover blood-based biomarkers relevant to lung cancer screening and early detection. An untargeted metabolomics approach was applied to identify biomarker candidates using prediagnostic sera from the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET) study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry hydrophilic interaction method designed to profile a wide range of metabolites was applied to prediagnostic serum samples from CARET participants (current or former heavy smokers), consisting of 100 patients who subsequently developed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 199 matched controls. A separate aliquot was used to quantify levels of pro-surfactant protein B (pro-SFTPB), a previously established protein biomarker for NSCLC. On the basis of the results from the discovery set, blinded validation of a metabolite, identified as N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine (DAS), and pro-SFTPB was performed using an independent set of CARET prediagnostic sera from 108 patients with NSCLC and 216 matched controls. RESULTS Serum DAS was elevated by 1.9-fold, demonstrating significant specificity and sensitivity in the discovery set for samples collected up to 6 months before diagnosis of NSCLC. In addition, DAS significantly complemented performance of pro-SFTPB in both the discovery and validations sets, with a combined area under the curve in the validation set of 0.808 (P < .001 v pro-SFTPB). CONCLUSION DAS is a novel serum metabolite with significant performance in prediagnostic NSCLC and has additive performance with pro-SFTPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Wikoff
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Samir Hanash
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Brian DeFelice
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Suzanne Miyamoto
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Matt Barnett
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Yang Zhao
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Gary Goodman
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Ziding Feng
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - David Gandara
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- William R. Wikoff, Brian DeFelice, and Oliver Fiehn, National Institutes of Health West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, Davis; Suzanne Miyamoto and David Gandara, University of California, Davis, Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; Samir Hanash, Yang Zhao, Ziding Feng, and Ayumu Taguchi, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and Matt Barnett and Gary Goodman, Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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