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Conger KO, Chidley C, Ozgurses ME, Zhao H, Kim Y, Semina SE, Burns P, Rawat V, Lietuvninkas L, Sheldon R, Ben-Sahra I, Frasor J, Sorger PK, DeNicola GM, Coloff JL. ASCT2 is a major contributor to serine uptake in cancer cells. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114552. [PMID: 39068660 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The non-essential amino acid serine is a critical nutrient for cancer cells due to its diverse biosynthetic functions. While some tumors can synthesize serine de novo, others are auxotrophic and therefore reliant on serine uptake. Importantly, despite several transporters being known to be capable of transporting serine, the transporters that mediate serine uptake in cancer cells are not known. Here, we characterize the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (SLC1A5) as a major contributor to serine uptake in cancer cells. ASCT2 is well known as a glutamine transporter in cancer, and our work demonstrates that serine and glutamine compete for uptake through ASCT2. We further show that ASCT2-mediated serine uptake is essential for purine nucleotide biosynthesis and that estrogen receptor α (ERα) promotes serine uptake by directly activating SLC1A5 transcription. Collectively, our work defines an additional important role for ASCT2 as a serine transporter in cancer and evaluates ASCT2 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O Conger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Chidley
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mete Emir Ozgurses
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Svetlana E Semina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philippa Burns
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vipin Rawat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lina Lietuvninkas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Sheldon
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L Coloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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2
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Deng Y, Yao Y, Wang Y, Yu T, Cai W, Zhou D, Yin F, Liu W, Liu Y, Xie C, Guan J, Hu Y, Huang P, Li W. An end-to-end deep learning method for mass spectrometry data analysis to reveal disease-specific metabolic profiles. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7136. [PMID: 39164279 PMCID: PMC11335749 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Untargeted metabolomic analysis using mass spectrometry provides comprehensive metabolic profiling, but its medical application faces challenges of complex data processing, high inter-batch variability, and unidentified metabolites. Here, we present DeepMSProfiler, an explainable deep-learning-based method, enabling end-to-end analysis on raw metabolic signals with output of high accuracy and reliability. Using cross-hospital 859 human serum samples from lung adenocarcinoma, benign lung nodules, and healthy individuals, DeepMSProfiler successfully differentiates the metabolomic profiles of different groups (AUC 0.99) and detects early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (accuracy 0.961). Model flow and ablation experiments demonstrate that DeepMSProfiler overcomes inter-hospital variability and effects of unknown metabolites signals. Our ensemble strategy removes background-category phenomena in multi-classification deep-learning models, and the novel interpretability enables direct access to disease-related metabolite-protein networks. Further applying to lipid metabolomic data unveils correlations of important metabolites and proteins. Overall, DeepMSProfiler offers a straightforward and reliable method for disease diagnosis and mechanism discovery, enhancing its broad applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Deng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Metabolic Innovation Platform, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Yu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Metabolic Innovation Platform, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Cai
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingli Zhou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Metabolic Innovation Platform, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
- Metabolic Innovation Platform, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weizhong Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Kinslow CJ, Ll MB, Cai Y, Yan J, Lorkiewicz PK, Al-Attar A, Tan J, Higashi RM, Lane AN, Fan TWM. Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics analyses of metabolic phenotypes reveal variable glutamine metabolism in different patient-derived models of non-small cell lung cancer from a single patient. Metabolomics 2024; 20:87. [PMID: 39068202 PMCID: PMC11317205 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stable isotope tracers have been increasingly used in preclinical cancer model systems, including cell culture and mouse xenografts, to probe the altered metabolism of a variety of cancers, such as accelerated glycolysis and glutaminolysis and generation of oncometabolites. Comparatively little has been reported on the fidelity of the different preclinical model systems in recapitulating the aberrant metabolism of tumors. OBJECTIVES We have been developing several different experimental model systems for systems biochemistry analyses of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC1) using patient-derived tissues to evaluate appropriate models for metabolic and phenotypic analyses. METHODS To address the issue of fidelity, we have carried out a detailed Stable Isotope-Resolved Metabolomics study of freshly resected tissue slices, mouse patient derived xenografts (PDXs), and cells derived from a single patient using both 13C6-glucose and 13C5,15N2-glutamine tracers. RESULTS Although we found similar glucose metabolism in the three models, glutamine utilization was markedly higher in the isolated cell culture and in cell culture-derived xenografts compared with the primary cancer tissue or direct tissue xenografts (PDX). CONCLUSIONS This suggests that caution is needed in interpreting cancer biochemistry using patient-derived cancer cells in vitro or in xenografts, even at very early passage, and that direct analysis of patient derived tissue slices provides the optimal model for ex vivo metabolomics. Further research is needed to determine the generality of these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Kinslow
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian, 622 West 168th Street, BNH B-11, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Michael Bousamra Ll
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- AMG Cardiothoracic Surgical Associates SE MI, 22201 Moross Rd. #352, Detroit, MI, 48236, USA
| | - Yihua Cai
- Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jun Yan
- Immuno-Oncology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Pawel K Lorkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Attar
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Dept. Pathology, U. Mass Memorial Medical Center, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Jinlian Tan
- The Department of Oral Immunology and Infection Disease, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, 501 South Preston, St. Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Lane AN, Higashi RM, Fan TWM. Challenges of Spatially Resolved Metabolism in Cancer Research. Metabolites 2024; 14:383. [PMID: 39057706 PMCID: PMC11278851 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14070383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics comprises a critical set of technologies that can be applied to a wide variety of systems, from isolated cells to whole organisms, to define metabolic pathway usage and responses to perturbations such as drugs or mutations, as well as providing the basis for flux analysis. As the diversity of stable isotope-enriched compounds is very high, and with newer approaches to multiplexing, the coverage of metabolism is now very extensive. However, as the complexity of the model increases, including more kinds of interacting cell types and interorgan communication, the analytical complexity also increases. Further, as studies move further into spatially resolved biology, new technical problems have to be overcome owing to the small number of analytes present in the confines of a single cell or cell compartment. Here, we review the overall goals and solutions made possible by stable isotope tracing and their applications to models of increasing complexity. Finally, we discuss progress and outstanding difficulties in high-resolution spatially resolved tracer-based metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N. Lane
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St., Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.M.H.); (T.W.-M.F.)
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5
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Moinuddin A, Poznanski SM, Portillo AL, Monteiro JK, Ashkar AA. Metabolic adaptations determine whether natural killer cells fail or thrive within the tumor microenvironment. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:19-39. [PMID: 38459782 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are a top contender in the development of adoptive cell therapies for cancer due to their diverse antitumor functions and ability to restrict their activation against nonmalignant cells. Despite their success in hematologic malignancies, NK cell-based therapies have been limited in the context of solid tumors. Tumor cells undergo various metabolic adaptations to sustain the immense energy demands that are needed to support their rapid and uncontrolled proliferation. As a result, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is depleted of nutrients needed to fuel immune cell activity and contains several immunosuppressive metabolites that hinder NK cell antitumor functions. Further, we now know that NK cell metabolic status is a main determining factor of their effector functions. Hence, the ability of NK cells to withstand and adapt to these metabolically hostile conditions is imperative for effective and sustained antitumor activity in the TME. With this in mind, we review the consequences of metabolic hostility in the TME on NK cell metabolism and function. We also discuss tumor-like metabolic programs in NK cell induced by STAT3-mediated expansion that adapt NK cells to thrive in the TME. Finally, we examine how other approaches can be applied to enhance NK cell metabolism in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Moinuddin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie M Poznanski
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana L Portillo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan K Monteiro
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Ashkar
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Cai X, Xu F, Wang Z, Chen H, Lin S. Prognostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Serine and Glycine Metabolism-related Genes. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:266-277. [PMID: 38426196 PMCID: PMC10899868 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have emerged as treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in recent years. The significance of serine and glycine metabolism in various cancers is widely acknowledged. This study aims to investigate their correlation with the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of HCC. Methods Based on the public database, different subtypes were identified by cluster analysis, and the prognostic model was constructed through regression analysis. The gene expression omnibus (GEO) data set was used as the validation set to verify the performance of the model. The survival curve evaluated prognostic ability. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration, and maftools analyzed the mutations. DsigDB screened small molecule compounds related to prognostic genes. Results HCC was found to have two distinct subtypes. Subsequently, we constructed a risk score prognostic model through regression analysis based on serine and glycine metabolism-related genes (SGMGs). A nomogram was constructed based on risk scores and other clinical factors. HCC patients with a higher risk score showed a poor prognosis, and there were significant differences in immune cell infiltration between the high- and low-risk groups. In addition, three potential drugs associated with prognostic genes, streptozocin, norfloxacin, and hydrocotarnine, were identified. Conclusions This study investigated the expression patterns of SGMGs and their relationship with tumor characteristics, resulting in the development of a novel model for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients. The study provides a reference for clinical prognosis prediction and treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufan Cai
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaohong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengzhang Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Haitzmann T, Schindlmaier K, Frech T, Mondal A, Bubalo V, Konrad B, Bluemel G, Stiegler P, Lackner S, Hrzenjak A, Eichmann T, Köfeler HC, Leithner K. Serine synthesis and catabolism in starved lung cancer and primary bronchial epithelial cells. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:9. [PMID: 38515202 PMCID: PMC10956291 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Serine and glycine give rise to important building blocks in proliferating cells. Both amino acids are either synthesized de novo or taken up from the extracellular space. In lung cancer, serine synthesis gene expression is variable, yet, expression of the initial enzyme, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), was found to be associated with poor prognosis. While the contribution of de novo synthesis to serine pools has been shown to be enhanced by serine starvation, the impact of glucose deprivation, a commonly found condition in solid cancers is poorly understood. Here, we utilized a stable isotopic tracing approach to assess serine and glycine de novo synthesis and uptake in different lung cancer cell lines and normal bronchial epithelial cells in variable serine, glycine, and glucose conditions. Under low glucose supplementation (0.2 mM, 3-5% of normal plasma levels), serine de novo synthesis was maintained or even activated. As previously reported, also gluconeogenesis supplied carbons from glutamine to serine and glycine under these conditions. Unexpectedly, low glucose treatment consistently enhanced serine to glycine conversion, along with an up-regulation of the mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism enzymes, serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD2). The relative contribution of de novo synthesis greatly increased in low serine/glycine conditions. In bronchial epithelial cells, adaptations occurred in a similar fashion as in cancer cells, but serine synthesis and serine to glycine conversion, as assessed by label enrichments and gene expression levels, were generally lower than in (PHGDH positive) cancer cells. In summary, we found a variable contribution of glucose or non-glucose carbon sources to serine and glycine and a high adaptability of the downstream one-carbon metabolism pathway to variable glucose supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Haitzmann
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Schindlmaier
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Frech
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Ayusi Mondal
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Visnja Bubalo
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Konrad
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Bluemel
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Bioanalytical Research Labs, University of Salzburg, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Philipp Stiegler
- Division of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefanie Lackner
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Lipidomics, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Eichmann
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Lipidomics, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald C Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Lipidomics, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Leithner
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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8
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Qi D, Liu C, Zhang Z, Liu X, Kang P. Construction of a Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognostic Model Utilizing Serine and Glycine Metabolism-Related Genes. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:797-808. [PMID: 38212294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to construct a prognostic model by utilizing serine/glycine metabolism-related genes (SGMGs), thus establishing a risk score for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Based on the TCGA-LUAD and SGMG data set, two subtypes with different SGMG expression levels were identified by clustering analysis. Thirteen differential expression genes were used to construct RiskScore by Cox regression. GSE72094 data set was used for validation. The survival characteristics, immune features, and potential benefits of chemotherapy drugs were analyzed for two risk groups. RiskScore was constructed based on the genes ABCC12, RIC3, CYP4B1, SFTPB, CACNA2D2, IGF2BP1, NTSR1, DKK1, CREG2, PITX3, RGS20, FETUB, and IGFBP1. Patients in the low-risk (LR) group exhibited a superior overall survival. In addition, aDCs, iDSs, mast cells, neutrophils, HLA, and type II IFN were more abundant in the LR group with higher IPS scores and lower TIDE scores. In contrast, NK cells, APC coinhibition, and MHC-I were more common in the high-risk (HR) group, which may be more sensitive to chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and nilotinib. RiskScore was a promising biomarker that can be used to distinguish LUAD prognosis, immune features, and sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Chengjun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zuwang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Poming Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
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9
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Wang Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han F, Xiang X, Guo Y, Huang ZW. Increased Expression of PHGDH Under High-Selenium Stress In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7. [PMID: 38277119 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the glycolytic remodeling under high-selenium (Se) stress. Three groups of male C57BL/6J mice were fed on diets with different Se contents (0.03, 0.15, and 0.30 mg Se/kg). Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were measured at the third month. Mice were killed at the fourth month. Plasma, liver, and muscle tissues were fetched for biochemistry and Se analysis. The expressions of insulin signaling pathway (PI3K-AKT-mTOR), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), selenoprotein N (SELENON), 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), serine hydroxymethyltransferases 1 (SHMT1), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and methionine synthase (MS) were analyzed by western blotting (WB) in liver and muscle tissues. The results of GTT and ITT showed that glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were both abnormal in the 0.03 mg Se/kg and 0.3 mg Se/kg groups. Se concentrations in plasma, liver, and muscle of 0.03 mg Se/kg group were significantly lower than that of 0.15 mg Se/kg and 0.30 mg Se/kg groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expressions of P-Akt (Thr-308) in muscle (p < 0.05) and PI3K and mTOR in liver (p < 0.001) of 0.30 mg Se/kg group were downregulated. The expressions of GPX1 in liver and muscle (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001), SELENON in muscle (p < 0.05), PHGDH in liver and muscle (p < 0.05), and SHMT1 (p < 0.05), MTHFR (p < 0.001), and MS (p < 0.001) in muscle of 0.3 mg Se/kg group were upregulated. The de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) was found to be activated in liver and muscle tissues of mice with a high-Se diet for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xuesong Xiang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanbin Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Wu Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
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10
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W-M Fan T, Islam JMM, Higashi RM, Lin P, Brainson CF, Lane AN. Metabolic reprogramming driven by EZH2 inhibition depends on cell-matrix interactions. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105485. [PMID: 37992808 PMCID: PMC10770523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2), a subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), catalyzes the trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), which represses expression of genes. It also has PRC2-independent functions, including transcriptional coactivation of oncogenes, and is frequently overexpressed in lung cancers. Clinically, EZH2 inhibition can be achieved with the FDA-approved drug EPZ-6438 (tazemetostat). To realize the full potential of EZH2 blockade, it is critical to understand how cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions present in 3D tissue and cell culture systems influences this blockade in terms of growth-related metabolic functions. Here, we show that EZH2 suppression reduced growth of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in 2D cultures but stimulated growth in 3D cultures. To understand the metabolic underpinnings, we employed [13C6]-glucose stable isotope-resolved metabolomics to determine the effect of EZH2 suppression on metabolic networks in 2D versus 3D A549 cultures. The Krebs cycle, neoribogenesis, γ-aminobutyrate metabolism, and salvage synthesis of purine nucleotides were activated by EZH2 suppression in 3D spheroids but not in 2D cells, consistent with the growth effect. Using simultaneous 2H7-glucose + 13C5,15N2-Gln tracers and EPZ-6438 inhibition of H3 trimethylation, we delineated the effects on the Krebs cycle, γ-aminobutyrate metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and purine salvage to be PRC2-dependent. Furthermore, the growth/metabolic effects differed for mouse Matrigel versus self-produced A549 extracellular matrix. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of the presence and nature of extracellular matrix in studying the function of EZH2 and its inhibitors in cancer cells for modeling the in vivo outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Jahid M M Islam
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Penghui Lin
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christine F Brainson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and System Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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11
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Wu H, Kren BT, Lane AN, Cassel TA, Higashi RM, Fan TWM, Scaria GS, Shekels LL, Klein MA, Albrecht JH. Cyclin D1 extensively reprograms metabolism to support biosynthetic pathways in hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105407. [PMID: 38152849 PMCID: PMC10687208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation requires metabolic reprogramming to accommodate biosynthesis of new cell components, and similar alterations occur in cancer cells. However, the mechanisms linking the cell cycle machinery to metabolism are not well defined. Cyclin D1, along with its main partner cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), is a pivotal cell cycle regulator and driver oncogene that is overexpressed in many cancers. Here, we examine hepatocyte proliferation to define novel effects of cyclin D1 on biosynthetic metabolism. Metabolomic studies reveal that cyclin D1 broadly promotes biosynthetic pathways including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis in hepatocytes. Proteomic analyses demonstrate that overexpressed cyclin D1 binds to numerous metabolic enzymes including those involved in glycolysis and pyrimidine synthesis. In the glycolysis pathway, cyclin D1 activates aldolase and GAPDH, and these proteins are phosphorylated by cyclin D1/Cdk4 in vitro. De novo pyrimidine synthesis is particularly dependent on cyclin D1. Cyclin D1/Cdk4 phosphorylates the initial enzyme of this pathway, carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase (CAD), and metabolomic analysis indicates that cyclin D1 depletion markedly reduces the activity of this enzyme. Pharmacologic inhibition of Cdk4 along with the downstream pyrimidine synthesis enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase synergistically inhibits proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. These studies demonstrate that cyclin D1 promotes a broad network of biosynthetic pathways in hepatocytes, and this model may provide insights into potential metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Betsy T Kren
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Teresa A Cassel
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Teresa W M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - George S Scaria
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laurie L Shekels
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark A Klein
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Albrecht
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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12
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Ma P, Miao X, Li M, Kong X, Jiang Y, Wang P, Zhang P, Shang P, Chen Y, Zhou X, Wang W, Zhang Q, Liu H, Feng F. Lung proteomics combined with metabolomics reveals molecular characteristics of inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis induced by B(a)P and LPS. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2915-2925. [PMID: 37551664 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment may take a promoting role in lung tumorigenesis. However, the molecular characteristics underlying inflammation-related lung cancer remains unknown. In this work, the inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis mouse model was established by treated with B(a)P (1 mg/mouse, once a week for 4 weeks), followed by LPS (2.5 μg/mouse, once every 3 weeks for five times), the mice were sacrificed 30 weeks after exposure. TMT-labeled quantitative proteomics and untargeted metabolomics were used to interrogate differentially expressed proteins and metabolites in different mouse cancer tissues, followed by integrated crosstalk between proteomics and metabolomics through Spearman's correlation analysis. The result showed that compared with the control group, 103 proteins and 37 metabolites in B(a)P/LPS group were identified as significantly altered. By searching KEGG pathway database, proteomics pathways such as Leishmaniasis, Asthma and Intestinal immune network for IgA production, metabolomics pathways such as Vascular smooth muscle contraction, Linoleic acid metabolism and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway were enriched. A total of 22 pathways were enriched after conjoint analysis of the proteomic and metabolomics, and purine metabolism pathway, the unique metabolism-related pathway, which included significantly altered protein (adenylate cyclase 4, ADCY4) and metabolites (L-Glutamine, guanosine monophosphate (GMP), adenosine and guanosine) was found. Results suggested purine metabolism may contribute to the inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis, which may provide novel clues for the therapeutic strategies of inflammation-related lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Ma
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinyi Miao
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangbing Kong
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingping Shang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute, CNC, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yusong Chen
- Quality Supervision & Test Center, China National Tobacco Corporation Shandong Branch, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, Zhengzhou University School of Public Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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13
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Conger KO, Chidley C, Ozgurses ME, Zhao H, Kim Y, Semina SE, Burns P, Rawat V, Sheldon R, Ben-Sahra I, Frasor J, Sorger PK, DeNicola GM, Coloff JL. ASCT2 is the primary serine transporter in cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.09.561530. [PMID: 37873453 PMCID: PMC10592681 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The non-essential amino acid serine is a critical nutrient for cancer cells due to its diverse biosynthetic functions. While some tumors can synthesize serine de novo, others are auxotrophic for serine and therefore reliant on the uptake of exogenous serine. Importantly, however, the transporter(s) that mediate serine uptake in cancer cells are not known. Here, we characterize the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (coded for by the gene SLC1A5) as the primary serine transporter in cancer cells. ASCT2 is well-known as a glutamine transporter in cancer, and our work demonstrates that serine and glutamine compete for uptake through ASCT2. We further show that ASCT2-mediated serine uptake is essential for purine nucleotide biosynthesis and that ERα promotes serine uptake by directly activating SLC1A5 transcription. Together, our work defines an additional important role for ASCT2 as a serine transporter in cancer and evaluates ASCT2 as a potential therapeutic target in serine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly O. Conger
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Chidley
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mete Emir Ozgurses
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Svetlana E. Semina
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philippa Burns
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vipin Rawat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Sheldon
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonna Frasor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee. Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Coloff
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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14
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Casagrande S, Loveland JL, Oefele M, Boner W, Lupi S, Stier A, Hau M. Dietary nucleotides can prevent glucocorticoid-induced telomere attrition in a fast-growing wild vertebrate. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:5429-5447. [PMID: 37658759 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are chromosome protectors that shorten during eukaryotic cell replication and in stressful conditions. Developing individuals are susceptible to telomere erosion when their growth is fast and resources are limited. This is critical because the rate of telomere attrition in early life is linked to health and life span of adults. The metabolic telomere attrition hypothesis (MeTA) suggests that telomere dynamics can respond to biochemical signals conveying information about the organism's energetic state. Among these signals are glucocorticoids, hormones that promote catabolic processes, potentially impairing costly telomere maintenance, and nucleotides, which activate anabolic pathways through the cellular enzyme target of rapamycin (TOR), thus preventing telomere attrition. During the energetically demanding growth phase, the regulation of telomeres in response to two contrasting signals - one promoting telomere maintenance and the other attrition - provides an ideal experimental setting to test the MeTA. We studied nestlings of a rapidly developing free-living passerine, the great tit (Parus major), that either received glucocorticoids (Cort-chicks), nucleotides (Nuc-chicks) or a combination of both (NucCort-chicks), comparing these with controls (Cnt-chicks). As expected, Cort-chicks showed telomere attrition, while NucCort- and Nuc-chicks did not. NucCort-chicks was the only group showing increased expression of a proxy for TOR activation (the gene TELO2), of mitochondrial enzymes linked to ATP production (cytochrome oxidase and ATP-synthase) and a higher efficiency in aerobically producing ATP. NucCort-chicks had also a higher expression of telomere maintenance genes (shelterin protein TERF2 and telomerase TERT) and of enzymatic antioxidant genes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). The findings show that nucleotide availability is crucial for preventing telomere erosion during fast growth in stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Casagrande
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Evolutionary Physiology Group, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Jasmine L Loveland
- Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Oefele
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Evolutionary Physiology Group, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Winnie Boner
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sara Lupi
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antoine Stier
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Michaela Hau
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Evolutionary Physiology Group, Seewiesen, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
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15
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Liu D, Wang H, Li X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Hu J. Small molecule inhibitors for cancer metabolism: promising prospects to be explored. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:8051-8076. [PMID: 37002510 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal metabolism is the main hallmark of cancer, and cancer metabolism plays an important role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Therefore, studying the changes of tumor metabolic pathways is beneficial to find targets for the treatment of cancer diseases. The success of metabolism-targeted chemotherapy suggests that cancer metabolism research will provide potential new targets for the treatment of malignant tumors. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to systemically review recent research findings on targeted inhibitors of tumor metabolism. In addition, we summarized new insights into tumor metabolic reprogramming and discussed how to guide the exploration of new strategies for cancer-targeted therapy. CONCLUSION Cancer cells have shown various altered metabolic pathways, providing sufficient fuel for their survival. The combination of these pathways is considered to be a more useful method for screening multilateral pathways. Better understanding of the clinical research progress of small molecule inhibitors of potential targets of tumor metabolism will help to explore more effective cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - HongPing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - XingXing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - JiFang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - YanLing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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16
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Yan J, Lima Goncalves CF, Korfhage MO, Hasan MZ, Fan TWM, Wang X, Zhu C. Portable optical spectroscopic assay for non-destructive measurement of key metabolic parameters on in vitro cancer cells and organotypic fresh tumor slices. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4065-4079. [PMID: 37799678 PMCID: PMC10549737 DOI: 10.1364/boe.497127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
To enable non-destructive metabolic characterizations on in vitro cancer cells and organotypic tumor models for therapeutic studies in an easy-to-access way, we report a highly portable optical spectroscopic assay for simultaneous measurement of glucose uptake and mitochondrial function on various cancer models with high sensitivity. Well-established breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) were used to validate the optical spectroscopic assay for metabolic characterizations, while fresh tumor samples harvested from both animals and human cancer patients were used to test the feasibility of our optical metabolic assay for non-destructive measurement of key metabolic parameters on organotypic tumor slices. Our optical metabolic assay captured that MCF-7 cells had higher mitochondrial metabolism, but lower glucose uptake compared to the MDA-MB-231 cells, which is consistent with our microscopy imaging and flow cytometry data, as well as the published Seahorse Assay data. Moreover, we demonstrated that our optical assay could non-destructively measure both glucose uptake and mitochondrial metabolism on the same cancer cell samples at one time, which remains challenging by existing metabolic tools. Our pilot tests on thin fresh tumor slices showed that our optical assay captured increased metabolic activities in tumors compared to normal tissues. Our non-destructive optical metabolic assay provides a cost-effective way for future longitudinal therapeutic studies using patient-derived organotypic fresh tumor slices through the lens of tumor energetics, which will significantly advance translational cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | - Madison O. Korfhage
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Md Zahid Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Teresa W.-M. Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Caigang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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17
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Fan TWM, Winnike J, Al-Attar A, Belshoff AC, Lorkiewicz PK, Tan JL, Wu M, Higashi RM, Lane AN. Differential Inhibition of Anaplerotic Pyruvate Carboxylation and Glutaminolysis-Fueled Anabolism Underlies Distinct Toxicity of Selenium Agents in Human Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:774. [PMID: 37512481 PMCID: PMC10383978 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Past chemopreventive human trials on dietary selenium supplements produced controversial outcomes. They largely employed selenomethionine (SeM)-based diets. SeM was less toxic than selenite or methylseleninic acid (MSeA) to lung cancer cells. We thus investigated the toxic action of these Se agents in two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and ex vivo organotypic cultures (OTC) of NSCLC patient lung tissues. Stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) using 13C6-glucose and 13C5,15N2-glutamine tracers with gene knockdowns were employed to examine metabolic dysregulations associated with cell type- and treatment-dependent phenotypic changes. Inhibition of key anaplerotic processes, pyruvate carboxylation (PyC) and glutaminolysis were elicited by exposure to MSeA and selenite but not by SeM. They were accompanied by distinct anabolic dysregulation and reflected cell type-dependent changes in proliferation/death/cell cycle arrest. NSCLC OTC showed similar responses of PyC and/or glutaminolysis to the three agents, which correlated with tissue damages. Altogether, we found differential perturbations in anaplerosis-fueled anabolic pathways to underlie the distinct anti-cancer actions of the three Se agents, which could also explain the failure of SeM-based chemoprevention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa W.-M. Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (A.A.-A.); (R.M.H.); (A.N.L.)
| | - Jason Winnike
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (J.W.); (A.C.B.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Ahmad Al-Attar
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (A.A.-A.); (R.M.H.); (A.N.L.)
| | - Alexander C. Belshoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (J.W.); (A.C.B.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Pawel K. Lorkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; (J.W.); (A.C.B.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Jin Lian Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Min Wu
- Seahorse Bioscience, Billerica, MA 01862, USA
| | - Richard M. Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (A.A.-A.); (R.M.H.); (A.N.L.)
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; (A.A.-A.); (R.M.H.); (A.N.L.)
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18
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Zhang X, Su Y, Lane AN, Stromberg AJ, Fan TWM, Wang C. Bayesian kinetic modeling for tracer-based metabolomic data. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:108. [PMID: 36949395 PMCID: PMC10035190 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) is a new biological approach that uses stable isotope tracers such as uniformly [Formula: see text]-enriched glucose ([Formula: see text]-Glc) to trace metabolic pathways or networks at the atomic level in complex biological systems. Non-steady-state kinetic modeling based on SIRM data uses sets of simultaneous ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to quantitatively characterize the dynamic behavior of metabolic networks. It has been increasingly used to understand the regulation of normal metabolism and dysregulation in the development of diseases. However, fitting a kinetic model is challenging because there are usually multiple sets of parameter values that fit the data equally well, especially for large-scale kinetic models. In addition, there is a lack of statistically rigorous methods to compare kinetic model parameters between different experimental groups. RESULTS We propose a new Bayesian statistical framework to enhance parameter estimation and hypothesis testing for non-steady-state kinetic modeling of SIRM data. For estimating kinetic model parameters, we leverage the prior distribution not only to allow incorporation of experts' knowledge but also to provide robust parameter estimation. We also introduce a shrinkage approach for borrowing information across the ensemble of metabolites to stably estimate the variance of an individual isotopomer. In addition, we use a component-wise adaptive Metropolis algorithm with delayed rejection to perform efficient Monte Carlo sampling of the posterior distribution over high-dimensional parameter space. For comparing kinetic model parameters between experimental groups, we propose a new reparameterization method that converts the complex hypothesis testing problem into a more tractable parameter estimation problem. We also propose an inference procedure based on credible interval and credible value. Our method is freely available for academic use at https://github.com/xuzhang0131/MCMCFlux . CONCLUSIONS Our new Bayesian framework provides robust estimation of kinetic model parameters and enables rigorous comparison of model parameters between experimental groups. Simulation studies and application to a lung cancer study demonstrate that our framework performs well for non-steady-state kinetic modeling of SIRM data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA.
| | - Ya Su
- Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23220, USA
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
| | - Arnold J Stromberg
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
| | - Teresa W M Fan
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA
| | - Chi Wang
- Dr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA.
- Division of Cancer Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40536, USA.
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19
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Transcription factor NKX2-1 drives serine and glycine synthesis addiction in cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1862-1878. [PMID: 36932191 PMCID: PMC10147615 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-third of cancers activate endogenous synthesis of serine/glycine, and can become addicted to this pathway to sustain proliferation and survival. Mechanisms driving this metabolic rewiring remain largely unknown. METHODS NKX2-1 overexpressing and NKX2-1 knockdown/knockout T-cell leukaemia and lung cancer cell line models were established to study metabolic rewiring using ChIP-qPCR, immunoblotting, mass spectrometry, and proliferation and invasion assays. Findings and therapeutic relevance were validated in mouse models and confirmed in patient datasets. RESULTS Exploring T-cell leukaemia, lung cancer and neuroendocrine prostate cancer patient datasets highlighted the transcription factor NKX2-1 as putative driver of serine/glycine metabolism. We demonstrate that transcription factor NKX2-1 binds and transcriptionally upregulates serine/glycine synthesis enzyme genes, enabling NKX2-1 expressing cells to proliferate and invade in serine/glycine-depleted conditions. NKX2-1 driven serine/glycine synthesis generates nucleotides and redox molecules, and is associated with an altered cellular lipidome and methylome. Accordingly, NKX2-1 tumour-bearing mice display enhanced tumour aggressiveness associated with systemic metabolic rewiring. Therapeutically, NKX2-1-expressing cancer cells are more sensitive to serine/glycine conversion inhibition by repurposed anti-depressant sertraline, and to etoposide chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Collectively, we identify NKX2-1 as a novel transcriptional regulator of serine/glycine synthesis addiction across cancers, revealing a therapeutic vulnerability of NKX2-1-driven cancers. Transcription factor NKX2-1 fuels cancer cell proliferation and survival by hyperactivating serine/glycine synthesis, highlighting this pathway as a novel therapeutic target in NKX2-1-positive cancers.
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20
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Chen MM, Guo W, Chen SM, Guo XZ, Xu L, Ma XY, Wang YX, Xie C, Meng LH. Xanthine dehydrogenase rewires metabolism and the survival of nutrient deprived lung adenocarcinoma cells by facilitating UPR and autophagic degradation. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:772-788. [PMID: 36778128 PMCID: PMC9909990 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.78948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in purine catabolism by converting hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. The altered expression and activity of XDH are associated with the development and prognosis of multiple types of cancer, while its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that XDH was highly expressed in LUAD and was significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Though inhibition of XDH displayed moderate effect on the viability of LUAD cells cultured in the complete medium, it significantly attenuated the survival of starved cells. Similar results were obtained in XDH-knockout cells. Nucleosides supplementation rescued the survival of starved LUAD cells upon XDH inhibition, while inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase abrogated the process, indicating that nucleoside degradation is required for the XDH-mediated survival of LUAD cells. Accordingly, metabolic flux revealed that ribose derived from nucleoside fueled key carbon metabolic pathways to sustain the survival of starved LUAD cells. Mechanistically, down-regulation of XDH suppressed unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagic flux in starved LUAD cells. Inhibition of XDH decreased the level of amino acids produced by autophagic degradation, which was accompanied with down-regulation of mTORC1 signaling. Supplementation of amino acids including glutamine or glutamate rescued the survival of starved LUAD cells upon knockout or inhibition of XDH. Finally, XDH inhibitors potentiated the anti-cancer activity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose that induced UPR and/or autophagy in vitro and in vivo. In summary, XDH plays a crucial role in the survival of starved LUAD cells and targeting XDH may improve the efficacy of drugs that induce UPR and autophagy in the therapy of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Man Chen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Si-Meng Chen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ma
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling-Hua Meng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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21
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Cappello A, Mancini M, Madonna S, Rinaldo S, Paone A, Scarponi C, Belardo A, Zolla L, Zuccotti A, Panatta E, Pallotta S, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Albanesi C, Cutruzzolà F, Wang L, Jia W, Melino G, Candi E. Extracellular serine empowers epidermal proliferation and psoriasis-like symptoms. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7902. [PMID: 36525488 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of nutrient availability to control epidermal cell proliferation, inflammation, and hyperproliferative diseases remains unknown. Here, we studied extracellular serine and serine/glycine metabolism using human keratinocytes, human skin biopsies, and a mouse model of psoriasis-like disease. We focused on a metabolic enzyme, serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), that converts serine into glycine and tetrahydrofolate-bound one‑carbon units to support cell growth. We found that keratinocytes are both serine and glycine auxotrophs. Metabolomic profiling and hypoxanthine supplementation indicated that SHMT silencing/inhibition reduced cell growth through purine depletion, leading to nucleotide loss. In addition, topical application of an SHMT inhibitor suppressed both keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation in the imiquimod model and resulted in a decrease in psoriasis-associated gene expression. In conclusion, our study highlights SHMT2 activity and serine/glycine availability as an important metabolic hub controlling both keratinocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell expansion in psoriasis and holds promise for additional approaches to treat skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Mancini
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences A.Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Paone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences A.Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Scarponi
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Belardo
- Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Lello Zolla
- Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Panatta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Department of Biochemical Sciences A.Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lu Wang
- Chinese Medicine and Systems Biology/School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Jia
- Chinese Medicine and Systems Biology/School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
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22
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Orofiamma LA, Vural D, Antonescu CN. Control of cell metabolism by the epidermal growth factor receptor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119359. [PMID: 36089077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers the activation of many intracellular signals that control cell proliferation, growth, survival, migration, and differentiation. Given its wide expression, EGFR has many functions in development and tissue homeostasis. Some of the cellular outcomes of EGFR signaling involve alterations of specific aspects of cellular metabolism, and alterations of cell metabolism are emerging as driving influences in many physiological and pathophysiological contexts. Here we review the mechanisms by which EGFR regulates cell metabolism, including by modulation of gene expression and protein function leading to control of glucose uptake, glycolysis, biosynthetic pathways branching from glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, lipogenesis, and mitochondrial function. We further examine how this regulation of cell metabolism by EGFR may contribute to cell proliferation and differentiation and how EGFR-driven control of metabolism can impact certain diseases and therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Orofiamma
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Dafne Vural
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada; Graduate Program in Molecular Science, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada.
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23
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Chen S, Zhang S, Feng W, Li J, Yuan Y, Li W, Wang Z, Yang Y, Liu Y. Serine and glycine metabolism-related gene expression signature stratifies immune profiles of brain gliomas, and predicts prognosis and responses to immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1072253. [PMID: 36467068 PMCID: PMC9712738 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1072253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most lethal cancers and causes more than 200,000 deaths every year. Immunotherapy was an inspiring therapy for multiple cancers but failed in glioma treatment. The importance of serine and glycine and their metabolism has been well-recognized in the physiology of immune cells and microenvironment in multiple cancers. However, their correlation with prognosis, immune cells, and immune microenvironment of glioma remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the expression pattern of serine and glycine metabolism-related genes (SGMGs) and clinicopathological features, prognosis, and tumor microenvironment in glioma based on comprehensive analyses of multiple public datasets and our cohort. According to the expression of SGMGs, we conducted the consensus clustering analysis to stratify all patients into four clusters with remarkably distinctive clinicopathological features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and immune microenvironment. Subsequently, a serine and glycine metabolism-related genes signature (SGMRS) was constructed based on five critical SGMGs in glioma to stratify patients into SGMRS high- and low-risk groups and tested for its prognostic value. Higher SGMRS expressed genes associated with the synthesis of serine and glycine at higher levels and manifested poorer prognosis. Besides, we confirmed that SGMRS was an independent prognostic factor and constructed nomograms with satisfactory prognosis prediction performance based on SGMRS and other factors. Analyzing the relationship between SGMRS and immune landscape, we found that higher SGMRS correlated with 'hotter' immunological phenotype and more immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the expression levels of multiple immunotherapy-related targets, including PD-1, PD-L1, and B7-H3, were positively correlated with SGMRS, which was validated by the better predicted response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In conclusion, our study explored the relationships between the expression pattern of SGMGs and tumor features and created novel models to predict the prognosis of glioma patients. The correlation of SGMRS with immune cells and microenvironment in gliomas suggested an essential role of serine and glycine metabolism in reforming immune cells and microenvironment. Finally, the results of our study endorsed the potential application of SGMRS to guide the selection of immunotherapy for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunbo Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Fan TWM, Daneshmandi S, Cassel TA, Uddin MB, Sledziona J, Thompson PT, Lin P, Higashi RM, Lane AN. Polarization and β-Glucan Reprogram Immunomodulatory Metabolism in Human Macrophages and Ex Vivo in Human Lung Cancer Tissues. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1674-1690. [PMID: 36150727 PMCID: PMC9588758 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Immunomodulatory (IM) metabolic reprogramming in macrophages (Mϕs) is fundamental to immune function. However, limited information is available for human Mϕs, particularly in response plasticity, which is critical to understanding the variable efficacy of immunotherapies in cancer patients. We carried out an in-depth analysis by combining multiplex stable isotope-resolved metabolomics with reversed phase protein array to map the dynamic changes of the IM metabolic network and key protein regulators in four human donors' Mϕs in response to differential polarization and M1 repolarizer β-glucan (whole glucan particles [WGPs]). These responses were compared with those of WGP-treated ex vivo organotypic tissue cultures (OTCs) of human non-small cell lung cancer. We found consistently enhanced tryptophan catabolism with blocked NAD+ and UTP synthesis in M1-type Mϕs (M1-Mϕs), which was associated with immune activation evidenced by increased release of IL-1β/CXCL10/IFN-γ/TNF-α and reduced phagocytosis. In M2a-Mϕs, WGP treatment of M2a-Mϕs robustly increased glucose utilization via the glycolysis/oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway while enhancing UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine turnover and glutamine-fueled gluconeogenesis, which was accompanied by the release of proinflammatory IL-1β/TNF-α to above M1-Mϕ's levels, anti-inflammatory IL-10 to above M2a-Mϕ's levels, and attenuated phagocytosis. These IM metabolic responses could underlie the opposing effects of WGP, i.e., reverting M2- to M1-type immune functions but also boosting anti-inflammation. Variable reprogrammed Krebs cycle and glutamine-fueled synthesis of UTP in WGP-treated OTCs of human non-small cell lung cancer were observed, reflecting variable M1 repolarization of tumor-associated Mϕs. This was supported by correlation with IL-1β/TNF-α release and compromised tumor status, making patient-derived OTCs unique models for studying variable immunotherapeutic efficacy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY;
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; and
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Saeed Daneshmandi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Teresa A Cassel
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Mohammad B Uddin
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - James Sledziona
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Patrick T Thompson
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Penghui Lin
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; and
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY;
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; and
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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25
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Ali A, Davidson S, Fraenkel E, Gilmore I, Hankemeier T, Kirwan JA, Lane AN, Lanekoff I, Larion M, McCall LI, Murphy M, Sweedler JV, Zhu C. Single cell metabolism: current and future trends. Metabolomics 2022; 18:77. [PMID: 36181583 PMCID: PMC10063251 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single cell metabolomics is an emerging and rapidly developing field that complements developments in single cell analysis by genomics and proteomics. Major goals include mapping and quantifying the metabolome in sufficient detail to provide useful information about cellular function in highly heterogeneous systems such as tissue, ultimately with spatial resolution at the individual cell level. The chemical diversity and dynamic range of metabolites poses particular challenges for detection, identification and quantification. In this review we discuss both significant technical issues of measurement and interpretation, and progress toward addressing them, with recent examples from diverse biological systems. We provide a framework for further directions aimed at improving workflow and robustness so that such analyses may become commonly applied, especially in combination with metabolic imaging and single cell transcriptomics and proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, University of Leiden, Gorlaeus Building Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shawn Davidson
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering and the Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ian Gilmore
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, Middlesex, UK
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, University of Leiden, Room number GW4.07, Gorlaeus Building, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- Berlin Institute of Health, Metabolomics Platform, Translational Research Unit of the Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, and Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Ingela Lanekoff
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3 (576), 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mioara Larion
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1136A, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Laura-Isobel McCall
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Laboratories of Molecular Anthropology and Microbiome Research, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, room 3750, Norman, OK, 73019-5251, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Departments of Biological Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, and Computer Science and the Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 505 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Caigang Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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26
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Metabolic remodeling of pyrimidine synthesis pathway and serine synthesis pathway in human glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16277. [PMID: 36175487 PMCID: PMC9522918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common brain tumor with dismal outcomes in adults. Metabolic remodeling is now widely acknowledged as a hallmark of cancer cells, but glioblastoma-specific metabolic pathways remain unclear. Here we show, using a large-scale targeted proteomics platform and integrated molecular pathway-level analysis tool, that the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway and serine synthesis pathway (SSP) are the major enriched pathways in vivo for patients with glioblastoma. Among the enzymes associated with nucleotide synthesis, RRM1 and NME1 are significantly upregulated in glioblastoma. In the SSP, SHMT2 and PSPH are upregulated but the upstream enzyme PSAT1 is downregulated in glioblastoma. Kaplan–Meier curves of overall survival for the GSE16011 and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets revealed that high SSP activity correlated with poor outcome. Enzymes relating to the pyrimidine synthesis pathway and SSP might offer therapeutic targets for new glioblastoma treatments.
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27
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A Micro-Scale Analytical Method for Determining Glycogen Turnover by NMR and FTMS. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080760. [PMID: 36005633 PMCID: PMC9415681 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen is a readily deployed intracellular energy storage macromolecule composed of branched chains of glucose anchored to the protein glycogenin. Although glycogen primarily occurs in the liver and muscle, it is found in most tissues, and its metabolism has been shown to be important in cancers and immune cells. Robust analysis of glycogen turnover requires stable isotope tracing plus a reliable means of quantifying total and labeled glycogen derived from precursors such as 13C6-glucose. Current methods for analyzing glycogen are time- and sample-consuming, at best semi-quantitative, and unable to measure stable isotope enrichment. Here we describe a microscale method for quantifying both intact and acid-hydrolyzed glycogen by ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometric (UHR-FTMS) and/or NMR analysis in stable isotope resolved metabolomics (SIRM) studies. Polar metabolites, including intact glycogen and their 13C positional isotopomer distributions, are first measured in crude biological extracts by high resolution NMR, followed by rapid and efficient acid hydrolysis to glucose under N2 in a focused beam microwave reactor, with subsequent analysis by UHR-FTMS and/or NMR. We optimized the microwave digestion time, temperature, and oxygen purging in terms of recovery versus degradation and found 10 min at 110−115 °C to give >90% recovery. The method was applied to track the fate of 13C6-glucose in primary human lung BEAS-2B cells, human macrophages, murine liver and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) in vivo, and the fate of 2H7-glucose in ex vivo lung organotypic tissue cultures of a lung cancer patient. We measured the incorporation of 13C6-glucose into glycogen and its metabolic intermediates, UDP-Glucose and glucose-1-phosphate, to demonstrate the utility of the method in tracing glycogen turnover in cells and tissues. The method offers a quantitative, sensitive, and convenient means to analyze glycogen turnover in mg amounts of complex biological materials.
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28
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Pranzini E, Pardella E, Muccillo L, Leo A, Nesi I, Santi A, Parri M, Zhang T, Uribe AH, Lottini T, Sabatino L, Caselli A, Arcangeli A, Raugei G, Colantuoni V, Cirri P, Chiarugi P, Maddocks ODK, Paoli P, Taddei ML. SHMT2-mediated mitochondrial serine metabolism drives 5-FU resistance by fueling nucleotide biosynthesis. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111233. [PMID: 35977477 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a key component of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). 5-FU efficacy is established by intracellular levels of folate cofactors and DNA damage repair strategies. However, drug resistance still represents a major challenge. Here, we report that alterations in serine metabolism affect 5-FU sensitivity in in vitro and in vivo CRC models. In particular, 5-FU-resistant CRC cells display a strong serine dependency achieved either by upregulating endogenous serine synthesis or increasing exogenous serine uptake. Importantly, regardless of the serine feeder strategy, serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2)-driven compartmentalization of one-carbon metabolism inside the mitochondria represents a specific adaptation of resistant cells to support purine biosynthesis and potentiate DNA damage response. Interfering with serine availability or affecting its mitochondrial metabolism revert 5-FU resistance. These data disclose a relevant mechanism of mitochondrial serine use supporting 5-FU resistance in CRC and provide perspectives for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Pranzini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Livio Muccillo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Angela Leo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Nesi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Alejandro Huerta Uribe
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Tiziano Lottini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Caselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raugei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Paolo Cirri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Oliver D K Maddocks
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
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29
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Endogenous glutamine is rate-limiting for anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 induced CD4+ T-cell proliferation and glycolytic activity under hypoxia and normoxia. Biochem J 2022; 479:1221-1235. [PMID: 35695514 PMCID: PMC9246347 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To meet the demand for energy and biomass, T lymphocytes (T cells) activated to proliferation and clonal expansion, require uptake and metabolism of glucose (Gluc) and the amino acid (AA) glutamine (Gln). Whereas exogenous Gln is converted to glutamate (Glu) by glutaminase (GLS), Gln is also synthesized from the endogenous pool of AA through Glu and activity of glutamine synthase (GS). Most of this knowledge comes from studies on cell cultures under ambient oxygen conditions (normoxia, 21% O2). However, in vivo, antigen induced T-cell activation often occurs under moderately hypoxic (1-4% O2) conditions and at various levels of exogenous nutrients. Here, CD4+ T cells were stimulated for 72 h with antibodies targeting the CD3 and CD28 markers at normoxia and hypoxia (1% O2). This was done in the presence and absence of the GLS and GS inhibitors, Bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES) and methionine sulfoximine (MSO) and at various combinations of exogenous Gluc, Gln and pyruvate (Pyr) for the last 12 h of stimulation. We found that T-cell proliferation, viability and levels of endogenous AA were significantly influenced by the availability of exogenous Gln, Gluc and Pyr as well as inhibition of GLS and GS. Moreover, inhibition of GLS and GS and levels of oxygen differentially influenced oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Finally, BPTES-dependent down-regulation of ECAR was associated with reduced hexokinase (HK) activity at both normoxia and hypoxia. Our results demonstrate that Gln availability and metabolism is rate-limiting for CD4+ T-cell activity.
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30
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Tissue-Specific Downregulation of Fatty Acid Synthase Suppresses Intestinal Adenoma Formation via Coordinated Reprograming of Transcriptome and Metabolism in the Mouse Model of Apc-Driven Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126510. [PMID: 35742953 PMCID: PMC9245602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered lipid metabolism is a potential target for therapeutic intervention in cancer. Overexpression of Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) correlates with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). While multiple studies show that upregulation of lipogenesis is critically important for CRC progression, the contribution of FASN to CRC initiation is poorly understood. We utilize a C57BL/6-Apc/Villin-Cre mouse model with knockout of FASN in intestinal epithelial cells to show that the heterozygous deletion of FASN increases mouse survival and decreases the number of intestinal adenomas. Using RNA-Seq and gene set enrichment analysis, we demonstrate that a decrease in FASN expression is associated with inhibition of pathways involved in cellular proliferation, energy production, and CRC progression. Metabolic and reverse phase protein array analyses demonstrate consistent changes in alteration of metabolic pathways involved in both anabolism and energy production. Downregulation of FASN expression reduces the levels of metabolites within glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle with the most significant reduction in the level of citrate, a master metabolite, which enhances ATP production and fuels anabolic pathways. In summary, we demonstrate the critical importance of FASN during CRC initiation. These findings suggest that targeting FASN is a potential therapeutic approach for early stages of CRC or as a preventive strategy for this disease.
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31
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Gu I, Gregory E, Atwood C, Lee SO, Song YH. Exploring the Role of Metabolites in Cancer and the Associated Nerve Crosstalk. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091722. [PMID: 35565690 PMCID: PMC9103817 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Otto Warburg's first report on the increased uptake of glucose and lactate release by cancer cells, dysregulated metabolism has been acknowledged as a hallmark of cancer that promotes proliferation and metastasis. Over the last century, studies have shown that cancer metabolism is complex, and by-products of glucose and glutamine catabolism induce a cascade of both pro- and antitumorigenic processes. Some vitamins, which have traditionally been praised for preventing and inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, have also been proven to cause cancer progression in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, recent findings have shown that the nervous system is a key player in tumor growth and metastasis via perineural invasion and tumor innervation. However, the link between cancer-nerve crosstalk and tumor metabolism remains unclear. Here, we discuss the roles of relatively underappreciated metabolites in cancer-nerve crosstalk, including lactate, vitamins, and amino acids, and propose the investigation of nutrients in cancer-nerve crosstalk based on their tumorigenicity and neuroregulatory capabilities. Continued research into the metabolic regulation of cancer-nerve crosstalk will provide a more comprehensive understanding of tumor mechanisms and may lead to the identification of potential targets for future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Gu
- Department of Food Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Emory Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Casey Atwood
- Department of Food Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Sun-Ok Lee
- Department of Food Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA
| | - Young Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Chen K, Wei X, Kortesniemi M, Pariyani R, Zhang Y, Yang B. Effects of acylated and nonacylated anthocyanins extracts on gut metabolites and microbiota in diabetic Zucker rats: A metabolomic and metagenomic study. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Niu N, Zeng J, Ke X, Zheng W, Fu C, Lv S, Fu J, Yu Y. ATIC facilitates cell growth and migration by upregulating Myc expression in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:131. [PMID: 35251351 PMCID: PMC8895470 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC), a catalysing enzyme in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, has been previously reported to be upregulated and to participate in myeloma and hepatocellular carcinoma progression. In the present study, by using bioinformatics technology, a higher ATIC expression was identified in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues than in normal tissues, and ATIC expression was found to be positively associated with Myc expression in LUAD tissues. In addition, the role of ATIC in modulating the growth and migration of LUAD cells was explored and the involvement of Myc was revealed. ATIC expression in 56 paired LUAD and tumour adjacent non-cancerous tissues was assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Pearson's correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the correlation between ATIC and Myc expression levels in LUAD tissues. A rescue experiment was performed to explore the role of ATIC/Myc in regulating the growth, migration and invasion of HCC827 and NCI-H1435 cells. It was demonstrated that ATIC was overexpressed in LUAD tissues, particularly in advanced-stage LUAD, and was predicted to be associated with an advanced TNM stage, a higher lymph node metastasis rate, poor tissue differentiation and a lower overall survival rate. ATIC overexpression promoted cell growth, migratory and invasive capacities, whereas this effect was abrogated by Myc knockdown in the HCC827 and NCI-H1435 cells. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that ATIC promotes LUAD cell growth and migration by increasing Myc expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niu Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Jialong Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Xianni Ke
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Wenyu Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Jianghong Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, P.R. China
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34
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Valentino T, Figueiredo VC, Mobley CB, McCarthy JJ, Vechetti IJ. Evidence of myomiR regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway during mechanical load-induced hypertrophy. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15137. [PMID: 34889054 PMCID: PMC8661100 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the molecular and cellular mechanisms discovered to regulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy were first identified using the rodent synergist ablation model. This model reveals the intrinsic capability and necessary pathways of skeletal muscle growth in response to mechanical overload (MOV). Reminiscent of the rapid cellular growth observed with cancer, we hypothesized that in response to MOV, skeletal muscle would undergo metabolic programming to sustain increased demands to support hypertrophy. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the gene expression of specific metabolic pathways taken from transcriptomic microarray data of a MOV time course. We found an upregulation of genes involved in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathways (PPP) and mitochondrial branch of the folate cycle suggesting an increase in the production of NADPH. In addition, we sought to determine the potential role of skeletal muscle-enriched microRNA (myomiRs) and satellite cells in the regulation of the metabolic pathways that changed during MOV. We observed an inverse pattern in gene expression between muscle-enriched myomiR-1 and its known target gene glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6pdx, suggesting myomiR regulation of PPP activation in response to MOV. Satellite cell fusion had a significant but modest impact on PPP gene expression. These transcriptomic findings suggest the robust muscle hypertrophy induced by MOV requires enhanced redox metabolism via PPP production of NADPH which is potentially regulated by a myomiR network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Valentino
- Department of PhysiologyCollege of MedicineLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Vandre C. Figueiredo
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | | | - John J. McCarthy
- Department of PhysiologyCollege of MedicineLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Ivan J. Vechetti
- Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesCollege of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
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35
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Ganini C, Amelio I, Bertolo R, Candi E, Cappello A, Cipriani C, Mauriello A, Marani C, Melino G, Montanaro M, Natale ME, Tisone G, Shi Y, Wang Y, Bove P. Serine and one-carbon metabolisms bring new therapeutic venues in prostate cancer. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:45. [PMID: 35201488 PMCID: PMC8777499 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine and one-carbon unit metabolisms are essential biochemical pathways implicated in fundamental cellular functions such as proliferation, biosynthesis of important anabolic precursors and in general for the availability of methyl groups. These two distinct but interacting pathways are now becoming crucial in cancer, the de novo cytosolic serine pathway and the mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism. Apart from their role in physiological conditions, such as epithelial proliferation, the serine metabolism alterations are associated to several highly neoplastic proliferative pathologies. Accordingly, prostate cancer shows a deep rearrangement of its metabolism, driven by the dependency from the androgenic stimulus. Several new experimental evidence describes the role of a few of the enzymes involved in the serine metabolism in prostate cancer pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to analyze gene and protein expression data publicly available from large cancer specimens dataset, in order to further dissect the potential role of the abovementioned metabolism in the complex reshaping of the anabolic environment in this kind of neoplasm. The data suggest a potential role as biomarkers as well as in cancer therapy for the genes (and enzymes) belonging to the one-carbon metabolism in the context of prostatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Ganini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bertolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cipriani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Marani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Emanuela Natale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Ying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, a Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, Rome, Italy
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36
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The impact of physiological metabolite levels on serine uptake, synthesis and utilization in cancer cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6176. [PMID: 34702840 PMCID: PMC8548528 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine is a non-essential amino acid that is critical for tumour proliferation and depletion of circulating serine results in reduced tumour growth and increased survival in various cancer models. While many cancer cells cultured in a standard tissue culture medium depend on exogenous serine for optimal growth, here we report that these cells are less sensitive to serine/glycine depletion in medium containing physiological levels of metabolites. The lower requirement for exogenous serine under these culture conditions reflects both increased de novo serine synthesis and the use of hypoxanthine (not present in the standard medium) to support purine synthesis. Limiting serine availability leads to increased uptake of extracellular hypoxanthine, sparing available serine for other pathways such as glutathione synthesis. Taken together these results improve our understanding of serine metabolism in physiologically relevant nutrient conditions and allow us to predict interventions that may enhance the therapeutic response to dietary serine/glycine limitation. Cancer cells in culture are often grown in media conditions containing unphysiological metabolite levels. Here, the authors grow cells under physiological metabolite levels to further understand the reliance of cells on serine and find that when grown under these conditions the cells are less sensitive to serine withdrawal.
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37
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Satyanarayana G, Turaga RC, Sharma M, Wang S, Mishra F, Peng G, Deng X, Yang J, Liu ZR. Pyruvate kinase M2 regulates fibrosis development and progression by controlling glycine auxotrophy in myofibroblasts. Theranostics 2021; 11:9331-9341. [PMID: 34646373 PMCID: PMC8490528 DOI: 10.7150/thno.60385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Fibrosis is a pathologic condition of abnormal accumulation of collagen fibrils. Collagen is a major extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesized and secreted by myofibroblasts, composing mainly (Gly-X-Y)n triplet repeats with >30% Gly residue. During fibrosis progression, myofibroblasts must upregulate glycine metabolism to meet the high demands of amino acids for collagen synthesis. Method: Expression of PKM2 in myofibroblasts was analyzed in cultured fibroblasts and fibrosis disease tissues. Functional roles of PKM2 and PKM2 activator in biosynthesis of serine → glycine and production of collagen from glycolysis intermediates were assayed in cultured activated LX-2 and human primary lung fibroblast cells. Mouse models of Liver, lung, and pancreas fibrosis were employed to analyze treatment effects of PKM2 activator in organ tissue fibrosis. Results: We report here that myofibroblast differentiation upregulates pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and promotes dimerization of PKM2. Dimer PKM2 slows the flow rate of glycolysis and channels glycolytic intermediates to de novo glycine synthesis, which facilitates collagen synthesis and secretion in myofibroblasts. Our results show that PKM2 activator that converts PKM2 dimer to tetramer, inhibits fibrosis progression in mouse models of liver, lung, and pancreatic fibrosis. Furthermore, metabolism alteration by dimer PKM2 increases NADPH production, which consequently protects myofibroblasts from apoptosis. Conclusion: Our study uncovers a novel role of PKM2 in tissue/organ fibrosis, suggesting a possible strategy for treatment of fibrotic diseases using PKM2 activator.
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38
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The Intersection of Purine and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102603. [PMID: 34685583 PMCID: PMC8534091 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotides are essential to cell growth and survival, providing cells with building blocks for DNA and RNA, energy carriers, and cofactors. Mitochondria have a critical role in the production of intracellular ATP and participate in the generation of intermediates necessary for biosynthesis of macromolecules such as purines and pyrimidines. In this review, we highlight the role of purine and mitochondrial metabolism in cancer and how their intersection influences cancer progression, especially in ovarian cancer. Additionally, we address the importance of metabolic rewiring in cancer and how the evolving landscape of purine synthesis and mitochondria inhibitors can be potentially exploited for cancer treatment.
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39
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Fan TW, Higashi RM, Song H, Daneshmandi S, Mahan AL, Purdom MS, Bocklage TJ, Pittman TA, He D, Wang C, Lane AN. Innate immune activation by checkpoint inhibition in human patient-derived lung cancer tissues. eLife 2021; 10:69578. [PMID: 34406120 PMCID: PMC8476122 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy has significantly improved lung cancer patient survival, many patients show variable efficacy and resistance development. A better understanding of the drug’s action is needed to improve patient outcomes. Functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to modulating drug resistance; understanding of individual patients’ TME that impacts drug response is hampered by lack of appropriate models. Lung organotypic tissue slice cultures (OTC) with patients’ native TME procured from primary and brain-metastasized (BM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were treated with Pembrolizumab and/or beta-glucan (WGP, an innate immune activator). Metabolic tracing with 13C6-Glc/13C5,15N2-Gln, multiplex immunofluorescence, and digital spatial profiling (DSP) were employed to interrogate metabolic and functional responses to Pembrolizumab and/or WGP. Primary and BM PD-1+ lung cancer OTC responded to Pembrolizumab and Pembrolizumab + WGP treatments, respectively. Pembrolizumab activated innate immune metabolism and functions in primary OTC, which were accompanied by tissue damage. DSP analysis indicated an overall decrease in immunosuppressive macrophages and T cells but revealed microheterogeneity in immune responses and tissue damage. Two TMEs with altered cancer cell properties showed resistance. Pembrolizumab or WGP alone had negligible effects on BM-lung cancer OTC but Pembrolizumab + WGP blocked central metabolism with increased pro-inflammatory effector release and tissue damage. In-depth metabolic analysis and multiplex TME imaging of lung cancer OTC demonstrated overall innate immune activation by Pembrolizumab but heterogeneous responses in the native TME of a patient with primary NSCLC. Metabolic and functional analysis also revealed synergistic action of Pembrolizumab and WGP in OTC of metastatic NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Wm Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Huan Song
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Saeed Daneshmandi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Angela L Mahan
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Matthew S Purdom
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Therese J Bocklage
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Departement of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Thomas A Pittman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States
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40
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Deng P, Valentino T, Flythe MD, Moseley HNB, Leachman JR, Morris AJ, Hennig B. Untargeted Stable Isotope Probing of the Gut Microbiota Metabolome Using 13C-Labeled Dietary Fibers. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2904-2913. [PMID: 33830777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome generates numerous metabolites that exert local effects and enter the circulation to affect the functions of many organs. Despite extensive sequencing-based characterization of the gut microbiome, there remains a lack of understanding of microbial metabolism. Here, we developed an untargeted stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) approach for the holistic study of gut microbial metabolites. Viable microbial cells were extracted from fresh mice feces and incubated anaerobically with 13C-labeled dietary fibers including inulin or cellulose. High-resolution mass spectrometry was used to monitor 13C enrichment in metabolites associated with glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, nucleotide synthesis, and pyruvate catabolism in both microbial cells and the culture medium. We observed the differential use of inulin and cellulose as substrates for biosynthesis of essential and non-essential amino acids, neurotransmitters, vitamin B5, and other coenzymes. Specifically, the use of inulin for these biosynthetic pathways was markedly more efficient than the use of cellulose, reflecting distinct metabolic pathways of dietary fibers in the gut microbiome, which could be related with host effects. This technology facilitates deeper and holistic insights into the metabolic function of the gut microbiome (Metabolomic Workbench Study ID: ST001651).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Deng
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Taylor Valentino
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Michael D Flythe
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Forage Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Hunter N B Moseley
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Jacqueline R Leachman
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States.,Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536, Kentucky, United States
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41
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Lin P, Dai L, Crooks DR, Neckers LM, Higashi RM, Fan TWM, Lane AN. NMR Methods for Determining Lipid Turnover via Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics. Metabolites 2021; 11:202. [PMID: 33805301 PMCID: PMC8065598 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids comprise diverse classes of compounds that are important for the structure and properties of membranes, as high-energy fuel sources and as signaling molecules. Therefore, the turnover rates of these varied classes of lipids are fundamental to cellular function. However, their enormous chemical diversity and dynamic range in cells makes detailed analysis very complex. Furthermore, although stable isotope tracers enable the determination of synthesis and degradation of complex lipids, the numbers of distinguishable molecules increase enormously, which exacerbates the problem. Although LC-MS-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) is the standard for lipidomics, NMR can add value in global lipid analysis and isotopomer distributions of intact lipids. Here, we describe new developments in NMR analysis for assessing global lipid content and isotopic enrichment of mixtures of complex lipids for two cell lines (PC3 and UMUC3) using both 13C6 glucose and 13C5 glutamine tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Lin
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (P.L.); (R.M.H.); (T.W-M.F.)
| | - Li Dai
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.D.); (D.R.C.); (L.M.N.)
| | - Daniel R. Crooks
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.D.); (D.R.C.); (L.M.N.)
| | - Leonard M. Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.D.); (D.R.C.); (L.M.N.)
| | - Richard M. Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (P.L.); (R.M.H.); (T.W-M.F.)
- Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Teresa W-M. Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (P.L.); (R.M.H.); (T.W-M.F.)
- Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Andrew N. Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (P.L.); (R.M.H.); (T.W-M.F.)
- Department Toxicology & Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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42
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Li C, Chen S, Huang T, Zhang F, Yuan J, Chang H, Li W, Han W. Conformational Changes of Glutamine 5'-Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate Amidotransferase for Two Substrates Analogue Binding: Insight from Conventional Molecular Dynamics and Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Front Chem 2021; 9:640994. [PMID: 33718330 PMCID: PMC7953260 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.640994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine 5′-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (GPATase) catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylamine, pyrophosphate, and glutamate from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate, as well as glutamine at two sites (i.e., glutaminase and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate sites), through a 20 Å NH3 channel. In this study, conventional molecular dynamics (cMD) simulations and enhanced sampling accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations were integrated to characterize the mechanism for coordination catalysis at two separate active sites in the enzyme. Results of cMD simulations illustrated the mechanism by which two substrate analogues, namely, DON and cPRPP, affect the structural stability of GPATase from the perspective of dynamic behavior. aMD simulations obtained several key findings. First, a comparison of protein conformational changes in the complexes of GPATase–DON and GPATase–DON–cPRPP showed that binding cPRPP to the PRTase flexible loop (K326 to L350) substantially effected the formation of the R73-DON salt bridge. Moreover, only the PRTase flexible loop in the GPATase–DON–cPRPP complex could remain closed and had sufficient space for cPRPP binding, indicating that binding of DON to the glutamine loop had an impact on the PRTase flexible loop. Finally, both DON and cPRPP tightly bonded to the two domains, thereby inducing the glutamine loop and the PRTase flexible loop to move close to each other. This movement facilitated the transfer of NH3 via the NH3 channel. These theoretical results are useful to the ongoing research on efficient inhibitors related to GPATase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianci Huang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fangning Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiawei Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Chang
- Jilin Province TeyiFood Biotechnology Company Limited, Changchun, China
| | - Wannan Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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43
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Sun Q, Fan TWM, Lane AN, Higashi RM. An Ion Chromatography-Ultrahigh-Resolution-MS 1/Data-Independent High-Resolution MS 2 Method for Stable Isotope-Resolved Metabolomics Reconstruction of Central Metabolic Networks. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2749-2757. [PMID: 33482055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The metabolome comprises a complex network of interconnecting enzyme-catalyzed reactions that involve transfers of numerous molecular subunits. Thus, the reconstruction of metabolic networks requires metabolite substructures to be tracked. Subunit tracking can be achieved by tracing stable isotopes through metabolic transformations using NMR and ultrahigh -resolution (UHR)-mass spectrometry (MS). UHR-MS1 readily resolves and counts isotopic labels in metabolites but requires tandem MS to help identify isotopic enrichment in substructures. However, it is challenging to perform chromatography-based UHR-MS1 with its long acquisition time, while acquiring MS2 data on many coeluting labeled isotopologues for each metabolite. We have developed an ion chromatography (IC)-UHR-MS1/data-independent(DI)-HR-MS2 method to trace the fate of 13C atoms from [13C6]-glucose ([13C6]-Glc) in 3D A549 spheroids in response to anticancer selenite and simultaneously 13C/15N atoms from [13C5,15N2]-glutamine ([13C5,15N2]-Gln) in 2D BEAS-2B cells in response to arsenite transformation. This method retains the complete isotopologue distributions of metabolites via UHR-MS1 while simultaneously acquiring substructure label information via DI-MS2. These details in metabolite labeling patterns greatly facilitate rigorous reconstruction of multiple, intersecting metabolic pathways of central metabolism, which are illustrated here for the purine/pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. The pathways reconstructed based on subunit-level isotopologue analysis further reveal specific enzyme-catalyzed reactions that are impacted by selenite or arsenite treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Sun
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Teresa W-M Fan
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Andrew N Lane
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Richard M Higashi
- Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry (CESB), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
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44
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Geeraerts SL, Heylen E, De Keersmaecker K, Kampen KR. The ins and outs of serine and glycine metabolism in cancer. Nat Metab 2021; 3:131-141. [PMID: 33510397 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogramme their metabolism to support unrestrained proliferation and survival in nutrient-poor conditions. Whereas non-transformed cells often have lower demands for serine and glycine, several cancer subtypes hyperactivate intracellular serine and glycine synthesis and become addicted to de novo production. Copy-number amplifications of serine- and glycine-synthesis genes and genetic alterations in common oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes enhance serine and glycine synthesis, resulting in high production and secretion of these oncogenesis-supportive metabolites. In this Review, we discuss the contribution of serine and glycine synthesis to cancer progression. By relying on de novo synthesis pathways, cancer cells are able to enhance macromolecule synthesis, neutralize high levels of oxidative stress and regulate methylation and tRNA formylation. Furthermore, we discuss the immunosuppressive potential of serine and glycine, and the essentiality of both amino acids to promoting survival of non-transformed neighbouring cells. Finally, we point to the emerging data proposing moonlighting functions of serine- and glycine-synthesis enzymes and examine promising small molecules targeting serine and glycine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauni L Geeraerts
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elien Heylen
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim De Keersmaecker
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kim R Kampen
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
- Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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45
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Wang H, Lu J, Chen X, Schwalbe M, Gorka JE, Mandel JA, Wang J, Goetzman ES, Ranganathan S, Dobrowolski SF, Prochownik EV. Acquired deficiency of peroxisomal dicarboxylic acid catabolism is a metabolic vulnerability in hepatoblastoma. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100283. [PMID: 33450224 PMCID: PMC7948956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming provides transformed cells with proliferative and/or survival advantages. Capitalizing on this therapeutically, however, has been only moderately successful because of the relatively small magnitude of these differences and because cancers may further adapt their metabolism to evade metabolic pathway inhibition. Mice lacking the peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (Ehhadh) and supplemented with the 12-carbon fatty acid lauric acid (C12) accumulate the toxic metabolite dodecanedioic acid (DDDA), which causes acute hepatocyte necrosis and liver failure. We noted that, in a murine model of pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) and in primary human HBs, downregulation of Ehhadh occurs in association with the suppression of mitochondrial β- and endosomal/peroxisomal ω-fatty acid oxidation pathways. This suggested that HBs might be more susceptible than normal liver tissue to C12 dietary intervention. Indeed, HB-bearing mice provided with C12- and/or DDDA-supplemented diets survived significantly longer than those on standard diets. In addition, larger tumors developed massive necrosis following short-term DDDA administration. In some HBs, the eventual development of DDDA resistance was associated with 129 transcript differences, ∼90% of which were downregulated, and approximately two-thirds of which correlated with survival in numerous human cancers. These transcripts often encoded extracellular matrix components, suggesting that DDDA resistance arises from reduced Ehhadh uptake. Lower Ehhadh expression was also noted in murine hepatocellular carcinomas and in subsets of certain human cancers, supporting the likely generality of these results. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of C12 or DDDA dietary supplementation that is nontoxic, inexpensive, and likely compatible with more standard chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Marie Schwalbe
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanna E Gorka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jordan A Mandel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Eric S Goetzman
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Steven F Dobrowolski
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward V Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; The Hillman Cancer Center, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; The Pittsburgh Liver Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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46
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Kaymak I, Williams KS, Cantor JR, Jones RG. Immunometabolic Interplay in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:28-37. [PMID: 33125860 PMCID: PMC7837268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells' metabolism influences their differentiation and function. Given that a complex interplay of environmental factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME) can have a profound impact on the metabolic activities of immune, stromal, and tumor cell types, there is emerging interest to advance understanding of these diverse metabolic phenotypes in the TME. Here, we discuss cell-extrinsic contributions to the metabolic activities of immune cells. Then, considering recent technical advances in experimental systems and metabolic profiling technologies, we propose future directions to better understand how immune cells meet their metabolic demands in the TME, which can be leveraged for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kaymak
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Kelsey S Williams
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jason R Cantor
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Metabolic and Nutritional Programming, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
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47
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Chen X, Yi C, Yang MJ, Sun X, Liu X, Ma H, Li Y, Li H, Wang C, He Y, Chen G, Chen S, Yu L, Yu D. Metabolomics study reveals the potential evidence of metabolic reprogramming towards the Warburg effect in precancerous lesions. J Cancer 2021; 12:1563-1574. [PMID: 33532002 PMCID: PMC7847643 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most tumors have an enhanced glycolysis flux, even when oxygen is available, called the aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. Metabolic reprogramming promotes cancer progression, and is even related to the tumorigenesis. However, it is not clear whether the observed metabolic changes act as a driver or a bystander in cancer development. Methods: In this study, the metabolic characteristics of oral precancerous cells and cervical precancerous lesions were analyzed by metabolomics, and the expression of glycolytic enzymes in cervical precancerous lesions was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: In total, 115 and 23 metabolites with reliable signals were identified in oral cells and cervical tissues, respectively. Based on the metabolome, oral precancerous cell DOK could be clearly separated from normal human oral epithelial cells (HOEC) and oral cancer cells. Four critical differential metabolites (pyruvate, glutamine, methionine and lysine) were identified between DOK and HOEC. Metabolic profiles could clearly distinguish cervical precancerous lesions from normal cervical epithelium and cervical cancer. Compared with normal cervical epithelium, the glucose consumption and lactate production increased in cervical precancerous lesions. The expression of glycolytic enzymes LDHA, HK II and PKM2 showed an increased tendency in cervical precancerous lesions compared with normal cervical epithelium. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that cell metabolism may be reprogrammed at the early stage of tumorigenesis, implying the contribution of metabolic reprogramming to the development of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yi
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Jun Yang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Sun
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xubin Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Ma
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi He
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhui Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
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48
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Geeraerts SL, Kampen KR, Rinaldi G, Gupta P, Planque M, Louros N, Heylen E, De Cremer K, De Brucker K, Vereecke S, Verbelen B, Vermeersch P, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F, Cassiman D, Fendt SM, Voet A, Cammue BPA, Thevissen K, De Keersmaecker K. Repurposing the Antidepressant Sertraline as SHMT Inhibitor to Suppress Serine/Glycine Synthesis-Addicted Breast Tumor Growth. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:50-63. [PMID: 33203732 PMCID: PMC7611204 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring is a hallmark of cancer that supports tumor growth, survival, and chemotherapy resistance. Although normal cells often rely on extracellular serine and glycine supply, a significant subset of cancers becomes addicted to intracellular serine/glycine synthesis, offering an attractive drug target. Previously developed inhibitors of serine/glycine synthesis enzymes did not reach clinical trials due to unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles, implying that further efforts to identify clinically applicable drugs targeting this pathway are required. In this study, we aimed to develop therapies that can rapidly enter the clinical practice by focusing on drug repurposing, as their safety and cost-effectiveness have been optimized before. Using a yeast model system, we repurposed two compounds, sertraline and thimerosal, for their selective toxicity against serine/glycine synthesis-addicted breast cancer and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Isotope tracer metabolomics, computational docking, enzymatic assays, and drug-target interaction studies revealed that sertraline and thimerosal inhibit serine/glycine synthesis enzymes serine hydroxymethyltransferase and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, respectively. In addition, we demonstrated that sertraline's antiproliferative activity was further aggravated by mitochondrial inhibitors, such as the antimalarial artemether, by causing G1-S cell-cycle arrest. Most notably, this combination also resulted in serine-selective antitumor activity in breast cancer mouse xenografts. Collectively, this study provides molecular insights into the repurposed mode-of-action of the antidepressant sertraline and allows to delineate a hitherto unidentified group of cancers being particularly sensitive to treatment with sertraline. Furthermore, we highlight the simultaneous inhibition of serine/glycine synthesis and mitochondrial metabolism as a novel treatment strategy for serine/glycine synthesis-addicted cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauni Lien Geeraerts
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics - Plant Fungi Interactions (CMPG-PFI), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kim Rosalie Kampen
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gianmarco Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Purvi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos Louros
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elien Heylen
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaat De Cremer
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics - Plant Fungi Interactions (CMPG-PFI), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Katrijn De Brucker
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics - Plant Fungi Interactions (CMPG-PFI), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Stijn Vereecke
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benno Verbelen
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Cassiman
- Department of Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnout Voet
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics - Plant Fungi Interactions (CMPG-PFI), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics - Plant Fungi Interactions (CMPG-PFI), KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Kim De Keersmaecker
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium.
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Li TT, Zhu HB. LKB1 and cancer: The dual role of metabolic regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110872. [PMID: 33068936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is an essential serine/threonine kinase frequently associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). In this review, we provide an overview of the role of LKB1 in conferring protection to cancer cells against metabolic stress and promoting cancer cell survival and invasion. This carcinogenic effect contradicts the previous conclusion that LKB1 is a tumor suppressor gene. Here we try to explain the contradictory effect of LKB1 on cancer from a metabolic perspective. Upon deletion of LKB1, cancer cells experience increased energy as well as oxidative stress, thereby causing genomic instability. Meanwhile, mutated LKB1 cooperates with other metabolic regulatory genes to promote metabolic reprogramming that subsequently facilitates adaptation to strong metabolic stress, resulting in development of a more aggressive malignant phenotype. We aim to specifically discuss the contradictory role of LKB1 in cancer by reviewing the mechanism of LKB1 with an emphasis on metabolic stress and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Bin Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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50
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Chen Y, Ni J, Gao Y, Zhang J, Liu X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wu Y. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics reveals the comprehensive characterization of antitumor mechanism underlying Shikonin on colon cancer patient-derived xenograft model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14092. [PMID: 32839531 PMCID: PMC7445290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy occurring in the digestive system. Despite progress in surgery and therapy options, CRC is still a considerable cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In this study, a colon cancer patient-derived xenograft model was established to evaluate the antitumor activity of Shikonin. The protective effect underlying Shikonin was determined through assessing serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and kidney functions (BuN, Scr) in PDX mice. Proteomics and metabolomics profiles were integrated to provide a systematic perspective in dynamic changes of proteins and global endogenous metabolites as well as their perturbed pathways. A total of 456 differently expressed proteins (DEPs), 32 differently expressed metabolites (DEMs) in tumor tissue, and 20 DEMs in mice serum were identified. The perturbation of arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids may mainly account for therapeutic mechanism of Shikonin. Furthermore, the expression of mRNAs participating in arginine biosynthesis (CPS1, OTC, Arg1) and do novo purine synthesis (GART, PAICS, ATIC) were validated through RT-qPCR. Our study provides new insights into the drug therapeutic strategies and a better understanding of antitumor mechanisms that might be valuable for further studies on Shikonin in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Juan Ni
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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