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Atarashi N, Morishita M, Matsuda S. Activation of innate immune receptor TLR9 by mitochondrial DNA plays essential roles in the chemical long-term depression of hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105744. [PMID: 38354781 PMCID: PMC10943477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is believed to be the cellular basis for experience-dependent learning and memory. Although long-term depression (LTD), a form of synaptic plasticity, is caused by the activity-dependent reduction of cell surface α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPA receptors) at postsynaptic sites, its regulation by neuronal activity is not completely understood. In this study, we showed that the inhibition of toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9), an innate immune receptor, suppresses N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced reduction of cell surface AMPA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. We found that inhibition of TLR9 also blocked NMDA-induced activation of caspase-3, which plays an essential role in the induction of LTD. siRNA-based knockdown of TLR9 also suppressed the NMDA-induced reduction of cell surface AMPA receptors, although the scrambled RNA had no effect on the NMDA-induced trafficking of AMPA receptors. Overexpression of the siRNA-resistant form of TLR9 rescued the AMPA receptor trafficking abolished by siRNA. Furthermore, NMDA stimulation induced rapid mitochondrial morphological changes, mitophagy, and the binding of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to TLR9. Treatment with dideoxycytidine and mitochondrial division inhibitor-1, which block mtDNA replication and mitophagy, respectively, inhibited NMDA-dependent AMPA receptor internalization. These results suggest that mitophagy induced by NMDA receptor activation releases mtDNA and activates TLR9, which plays an essential role in the trafficking of AMPA receptors during the induction of LTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Atarashi
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misaki Morishita
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsuda
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (CNBE), The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan.
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2
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Hu L, Mei H, Cai X, Song L, Xu Q, Gao W, Zhang D, Zhou J, Sun C, Li Y, Xiang F, Wang Y, Zhou A, Xiao H. Prenatal exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances and postpartum depression in women with twin pregnancies. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114324. [PMID: 38271819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with multiple pregnancies are vulnerable to experience postpartum depression (PPD). Emerging evidence indicates an association between poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and PPD in women delivering singletons. The health risks of PFAS may also be present in women delivering twins. OBJECTIVE To estimate the impacts of prenatal PFAS exposure on the risk of PPD in women with twin pregnancies. METHODS Our study included 150 mothers who gave birth to twins and were enrolled in the Wuhan Twin Birth Cohort. The concentrations of maternal plasma PFAS were measured in each trimester and averaged. Eight individual PFAS were included in analyses. We used Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to evaluate maternal depression at early pregnancy and 1 and 6 months after childbirth. The outcome was dichotomized using a cutoff value of ≥10 for main analyses. Associations were examined using multiple informant models and modified Poisson regressions. PFAS mixture effects were estimated using quantile g-computation. RESULTS Using quantile g-computation models, a quartile increase in the PFAS mixture during the first, second, third, and average pregnancy was significantly associated with a relative risk (RR) of 1.73 (95% CI: 1.42, 2.12), 1.54 (95% CI: 1.27, 1.84), 1.75 (95% CI: 1.49, 2.08), and 1.63 (95% CI: 1.35, 1.97) for PPD at 6 months after childbirth, respectively. The results of the single-PFAS models also indicated significant positive associations between individual PFAS and PPD at both 1 and 6 months. CONCLUSIONS The first study of women with twin pregnancies suggests that prenatal exposure to PFAS increases PPD risk up to 6 months postpartum. Twin pregnant women should receive long-term follow-up after delivery and extensive social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Hu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hong Mei
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Cai
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lulu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wenqi Gao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Woman Healthcare Department for Community, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jieqiong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chen Sun
- Maternal Health Care Department, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Feiyan Xiang
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Youjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, PR China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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3
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Kang JY, Gu JY, Baek DC, Son CG, Lee JS. A Capsicum annuum L. seed extract exerts anti-neuroexcitotoxicity in HT22 hippocampal neurons. Food Funct 2024; 15:2144-2153. [PMID: 38305768 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04501c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampal memory deficit stands out as a primary symptom in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. While numerous therapeutic candidates have been proposed, they primarily serve to delay disease progression. Given the irreversible brain atrophy or injury associated with these conditions, current research efforts are concentrated on preventive medicine strategies. Herein, we investigated whether the extracts of Capsicum annuum L. seeds (CSE) and Capsicum annuum L. pulp (CPE) have preventive properties against glutamate-induced neuroexcitotoxicity (one of the main causes of Alzheimer's disease) in HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. Pretreatment with CSE demonstrated significant anti-neuroexcitotoxic activity, whereas CPE did not exhibit such effects. Specifically, CSE pretreatment dose-dependently inhibited the elevation of excitotoxic elements (intracellular calcium influx and reactive oxygen species; ROS) and apoptotic elements (p53 and cleaved caspase-3). In addition, the glutamate-induced alterations of neuronal activity indicators (brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BDNF and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation; CREB) were significantly attenuated by CSE treatment. We also found that luteolin is the main bioactive compound corresponding to the anti-neuroexcitotoxic effects of CSE. Our results strongly suggest that Capsicum annuum L. seeds (but not its pulp) could be candidates for neuro-protective resources especially under conditions of neuroexcitotoxicity. Its underlying mechanisms may involve the amelioration of ROS-mediated cell death and BDNF-related neuronal inactivity and luteolin would be an active compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Kang
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeon Gu
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Cheol Baek
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for CFS/ME, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Institute of Bioscience & Integrative Medicine, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Research Center for CFS/ME, Daejeon Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Maroto IB, Moreno E, Costas-Insua C, Merino-Gracia J, Diez-Alarcia R, Álvaro-Blázquez A, Canales Á, Canela EI, Casadó V, Urigüen L, Rodríguez-Crespo I, Guzmán M. Selective inhibition of cannabinoid CB 1 receptor-evoked signalling by the interacting protein GAP43. Neuropharmacology 2023; 240:109712. [PMID: 37689260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids exert pleiotropic effects on the brain by engaging the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), a presynaptic metabotropic receptor that regulates key neuronal functions in a highly context-dependent manner. We have previously shown that CB1R interacts with growth-associated protein of 43 kDa (GAP43) and that this interaction inhibits CB1R function on hippocampal excitatory synaptic transmission, thereby impairing the therapeutic effect of cannabinoids on epileptic seizures in vivo. However, the underlying molecular features of this interaction remain unexplored. Here, we conducted mechanistic experiments on HEK293T cells co-expressing CB1R and GAP43 and show that GAP43 modulates CB1R signalling in a strikingly selective manner. Specifically, GAP43 did not affect the archetypical agonist-evoked (i) CB1R/Gi/o protein-coupled signalling pathways, such as cAMP/PKA and ERK, or (ii) CB1R internalization and intracellular trafficking. In contrast, GAP43 blocked an alternative agonist-evoked CB1R-mediated activation of the cytoskeleton-associated ROCK signalling pathway, which relied on the GAP43-mediated impairment of CB1R/Gq/11 protein coupling. GAP43 also abrogated CB1R-mediated ROCK activation in mouse hippocampal neurons, and this process led in turn to a blockade of cannabinoid-evoked neurite collapse. An NMR-based characterization of the CB1R-GAP43 interaction supported that GAP43 binds directly and specifically through multiple amino acid stretches to the C-terminal domain of the receptor. Taken together, our findings unveil a CB1R-Gq/11-ROCK signalling axis that is selectively impaired by GAP43 and may ultimately control neurite outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene B Maroto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Costas-Insua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Merino-Gracia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Diez-Alarcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alicia Álvaro-Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Canales
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric I Canela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leyre Urigüen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 48940, Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Dawson T, Rentia U, Sanford J, Cruchaga C, Kauwe JSK, Crandall KA. Locus specific endogenous retroviral expression associated with Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1186470. [PMID: 37484691 PMCID: PMC10359044 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1186470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are transcriptionally-active remnants of ancient retroviral infections that may play a role in Alzheimer's disease. Methods We combined two, publicly available RNA-Seq datasets with a third, novel dataset for a total cohort of 103 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 45 healthy controls. We use telescope to perform HERV quantification for these samples and simultaneously perform gene expression analysis. Results We identify differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed HERVs in Alzheimer's disease patients. Differentially expressed HERVs are scattered throughout the genome; many of them are members of the HERV-K superfamily. A number of HERVs are correlated with the expression of dysregulated genes in Alzheimer's and are physically proximal to genes which drive disease pathways. Discussion Dysregulated expression of ancient retroviral insertions in the human genome are present in Alzheimer's disease and show localization patterns that may explain how these elements drive pathogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyson Dawson
- Computational Biology Institute, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Uzma Rentia
- Computational Biology Institute, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jessie Sanford
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - John S. K. Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Keith A. Crandall
- Computational Biology Institute, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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6
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Walker CK, Greathouse KM, Tuscher JJ, Dammer EB, Weber AJ, Liu E, Curtis KA, Boros BD, Freeman CD, Seo JV, Ramdas R, Hurst C, Duong DM, Gearing M, Murchison CF, Day JJ, Seyfried NT, Herskowitz JH. Cross-Platform Synaptic Network Analysis of Human Entorhinal Cortex Identifies TWF2 as a Modulator of Dendritic Spine Length. J Neurosci 2023; 43:3764-3785. [PMID: 37055180 PMCID: PMC10198456 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2102-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic studies using postmortem human brain tissue samples have yielded robust assessments of the aging and neurodegenerative disease(s) proteomes. While these analyses provide lists of molecular alterations in human conditions, like Alzheimer's disease (AD), identifying individual proteins that affect biological processes remains a challenge. To complicate matters, protein targets may be highly understudied and have limited information on their function. To address these hurdles, we sought to establish a blueprint to aid selection and functional validation of targets from proteomic datasets. A cross-platform pipeline was engineered to focus on synaptic processes in the entorhinal cortex (EC) of human patients, including controls, preclinical AD, and AD cases. Label-free quantification mass spectrometry (MS) data (n = 2260 proteins) was generated on synaptosome fractionated tissue from Brodmann area 28 (BA28; n = 58 samples). In parallel, dendritic spine density and morphology was measured in the same individuals. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to construct a network of protein co-expression modules that were correlated with dendritic spine metrics. Module-trait correlations were used to guide unbiased selection of Twinfilin-2 (TWF2), which was the top hub protein of a module that positively correlated with thin spine length. Using CRISPR-dCas9 activation strategies, we demonstrated that boosting endogenous TWF2 protein levels in primary hippocampal neurons increased thin spine length, thus providing experimental validation for the human network analysis. Collectively, this study describes alterations in dendritic spine density and morphology as well as synaptic proteins and phosphorylated tau from the entorhinal cortex of preclinical and advanced stage AD patients.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Proteomic studies can yield vast lists of molecules that are altered under various experimental or disease conditions. Here, we provide a blueprint to facilitate mechanistic validation of protein targets from human brain proteomic datasets. We conducted a proteomic analysis of human entorhinal cortex (EC) samples spanning cognitively normal and Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases with a comparison of dendritic spine morphology in the same samples. Network integration of proteomics with dendritic spine measurements allowed for unbiased discovery of Twinfilin-2 (TWF2) as a regulator of dendritic spine length. A proof-of-concept experiment in cultured neurons demonstrated that altering Twinfilin-2 protein level induced corresponding changes in dendritic spine length, thus providing experimental validation for the computational framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K Walker
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Kelsey M Greathouse
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Jennifer J Tuscher
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Audrey J Weber
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Evan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Kendall A Curtis
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Benjamin D Boros
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Cameron D Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Jung Vin Seo
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Raksha Ramdas
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Cheyenne Hurst
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Charles F Murchison
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Jeremy J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Jeremy H Herskowitz
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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7
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Mu JD, Ma LX, Zhang Z, Qian X, Zhang QY, Ma LH, Sun TY. The factors affecting neurogenesis after stroke and the role of acupuncture. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1082625. [PMID: 36741282 PMCID: PMC9895425 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1082625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke induces a state of neuroplasticity in the central nervous system, which can lead to neurogenesis phenomena such as axonal growth and synapse formation, thus affecting stroke outcomes. The brain has a limited ability to repair ischemic damage and requires a favorable microenvironment. Acupuncture is considered a feasible and effective neural regulation strategy to improve functional recovery following stroke via the benign modulation of neuroplasticity. Therefore, we summarized the current research progress on the key factors and signaling pathways affecting neurogenesis, and we also briefly reviewed the research progress of acupuncture to improve functional recovery after stroke by promoting neurogenesis. This study aims to provide new therapeutic perspectives and strategies for the recovery of motor function after stroke based on neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Dan Mu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Xiao Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,The Key Unit of State Administration of Traditional Chines Medicine, Evaluation of Characteristic Acupuncture Therapy, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Liang-Xiao Ma ✉
| | - Zhou Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Yong Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Hui Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yi Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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8
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Wang JH, Wu C, Lian YN, Liu L, Li XY. Targeting long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission for the treatment of neuropathic pain. FEBS J 2022; 289:7334-7342. [PMID: 34528400 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Injury or disease in the somatosensory nervous system may cause broad molecular changes and lead to neuropathic pain. Excitatory synaptic transmission in somatosensory pathways conveys the somatosensory information from the peripheral to the central nervous system. Long-term effects of excitatory synaptic transmission on the pain pathway contribute to neuropathic pain hypersensitivity. Synaptic strength is dynamically regulated and undergoes bidirectional changes, manifested by two primary forms of synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTD), which are mediated by insertion and endocytosis of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs), respectively. Molecular mechanisms of LTP have been extensively studied; on the other hand, the role of AMPAR endocytosis in the pain-related synaptic enhancement is less well known. Recent research in the anterior cingulate cortex reveals that loss of LTD contributes to the maintenance of neuropathic pain, which provides the novel perspective of the mechanism of LTD also being critical for maintaining neuropathic pain. More importantly, exploring the molecular mechanism of LTD may help with the development of novel analgesic strategies to manage neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Na Lian
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Core Facilities of the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Yao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Xia M, Ai N, Pang J. Preliminary Exploration of Clinical Efficacy and Pharmacological Mechanism of Modified Danggui-Shaoyao San in the Treatment of Depression in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3975-3989. [DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s387677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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10
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Lakshmanan R, Mietzsch M, Jimenez Ybargollin A, Chipman P, Fu X, Qiu J, Söderlund-Venermo M, McKenna R. Capsid Structure of Aleutian Mink Disease Virus and Human Parvovirus 4: New Faces in the Parvovirus Family Portrait. Viruses 2022; 14:2219. [PMID: 36298773 PMCID: PMC9612331 DOI: 10.3390/v14102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses are small, single-stranded DNA viruses with non-enveloped capsids. Determining the capsid structures provides a framework for annotating regions important to the viral life cycle. Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV), a pathogen in minks, and human parvovirus 4 (PARV4), infecting humans, are parvoviruses belonging to the genera Amdoparvovirus and Tetraparvovirus, respectively. While Aleutian mink disease caused by AMDV is a major threat to mink farming, no clear clinical manifestations have been established following infection with PARV4 in humans. Here, the capsid structures of AMDV and PARV4 were determined via cryo-electron microscopy at 2.37 and 3.12 Å resolutions, respectively. Despite low amino acid sequence identities (10-30%) both viruses share the icosahedral nature of parvovirus capsids, with 60 viral proteins (VPs) assembling the capsid via two-, three-, and five-fold symmetry VP-related interactions, but display major structural variabilities in the surface loops when the capsid structures are superposed onto other parvoviruses. The capsid structures of AMDV and PARV4 will add to current knowledge of the structural platform for parvoviruses and permit future functional annotation of these viruses, which will help in understanding their infection mechanisms at a molecular level for the development of diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuk Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Mario Mietzsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Alberto Jimenez Ybargollin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Paul Chipman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Fu
- Biological Science Imaging Resource, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Jianming Qiu
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | | | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
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11
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The Sirtuin 2 Inhibitor AK-7 Leads to an Antidepressant-Like Effect in Mice via Upregulation of CREB1, BDNF, and NTRK2 Pathways. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7036-7044. [PMID: 36074231 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most important and serious health problems in developing countries which affects millions of people. It is associated with the decrease of the quality of life as well as suicides and mortality. The disease may show recurrent episodes in some patients. Obviously, not all the patients with depression could be treated properly, because some individuals are drug-resistant and the options for the therapy are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate new molecules and pathways that may have possible antidepressant activity. Sirtuin (SIRT), known as a class III histone deacetylase, which is regulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +), is one of these molecules. In the current study, we investigated the possible antidepressant-like effect of SIRT2 inhibitor AK-7. For this purpose, behavioral tests were performed in chronic AK-7-treated mice, and the expression levels of BDNF, NGF, NTF3, CREB, NTRK2, ERK1, ERK2, and GAP43 genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR analysis in brain tissues. Protein levels for BDNF, CREB1, and NTRK2 were determined by western blot. Our data showed that AK-7 significantly decreased immobility time and showed antidepressant-like effect. In addition, AK-7 treatment significantly increased mRNA levels of CREB and NTRK2 and protein levels of CREB1, BDNF, and NTRK2. Finally, our results suggest that SIRT2 and AK-7 may have a potential role in the cellular mechanisms of depression.
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12
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Chen YP, Wang KX, Cai JQ, Li Y, Yu HL, Wu Q, Meng W, Wang H, Yin CH, Wu J, Huang MB, Li R, Guan DG. Detecting Key Functional Components Group and Speculating the Potential Mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming Decoction in Treating Stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:753425. [PMID: 35646921 PMCID: PMC9136080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.753425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular event with cerebral blood flow interruption which is caused by occlusion or bursting of cerebral vessels. At present, the main methods in treating stroke are surgical treatment, statins, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Relatively, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has widely been used at clinical level in China and some countries in Asia. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XXMD) is a classical and widely used prescription in treating stroke in China. However, the material basis of effect and the action principle of XXMD are still not clear. To solve this issue, we designed a new system pharmacology strategy that combined targets of XXMD and the pathogenetic genes of stroke to construct a functional response space (FRS). The effective proteins from this space were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method, and then the key functional components group (KFCG) that could mediate the effective proteins was selected based on the dynamic programming strategy. The results showed that enriched pathways of effective proteins selected from FRS could cover 99.10% of enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined by overlapping of component targets and pathogenetic genes. Targets of optimized KFCG with 56 components can be enriched into 166 pathways that covered 80.43% of 138 pathways of 1,012 pathogenetic genes. A component potential effect score (PES) calculation model was constructed to calculate the comprehensive effective score of components in the components-targets-pathways (C-T-P) network of KFCGs, and showed that ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid had the highest PESs. Prediction and docking simulations show that these components can affect stroke synergistically through genes such as MEK, NFκB, and PI3K in PI3K-Akt, cAMP, and MAPK cascade signals. Finally, ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid were tested to be protective for PC12 cells and HT22 cells in increasing cell viabilities after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Our proposed strategy could improve the accuracy on decoding KFCGs of XXMD and provide a methodologic reference for the optimization, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of the formula in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-peng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-xin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, National Key Clinical Specialty/Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Neurosurgery Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-qi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-lang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Handuo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-hui Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian-bo Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Dao-gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
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13
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Weghorst F, Mirzakhanyan Y, Hernandez KL, Gershon PD, Cramer KS. Non-Apoptotic Caspase Activity Preferentially Targets a Novel Consensus Sequence Associated With Cytoskeletal Proteins in the Developing Auditory Brainstem. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844844. [PMID: 35330912 PMCID: PMC8940215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory brainstem relies on precise circuitry to facilitate sound source localization. In the chick, the development of this specialized circuitry requires non-apoptotic activity of caspase-3, for which we previously identified several hundred proteolytic substrates. Here we tested whether the sequence of the caspase cleavage site differentially encodes proteolytic preference in apoptotic and non-apoptotic contexts. We constructed a consensus sequence for caspase activity in the non-apoptotic chick auditory brainstem comprising the four residues N-terminal to the cleavage site: IX(G/R)D↓ where X represents no significant enrichment and ↓ represents the cleavage site. We identified GO terms significantly enriched among caspase substrates containing motifs found in the above consensus sequence. (G/R)D↓ was associated with the term “Structural Constituent of Cytoskeleton” (SCoC), suggesting that SCoC proteins may be specifically targeted by caspase activity during non-apoptotic developmental processes. To ascertain whether this consensus sequence was specific to the non-apoptotic auditory brainstem at embryonic day (E) 10, we used protein mass spectrometry of brainstems harvested at a time when auditory brainstem neurons undergo apoptotic cell death (E13). The apoptotic motif VD was significantly enriched among E13 cleavage sites, indicating that motif preference at the P2 subsite had shifted toward the canonical caspase consensus sequence. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations revealed that only the GD motif was associated with SCoC substrates in the apoptotic auditory brainstem, indicating that GD encodes specificity for SCoC proteins in both non-apoptotic and apoptotic contexts, despite not being preferred in the latter. Finally, to identify candidate human non-apoptotic consensus sequences, we used Monte Carlo analyses to determine motifs and motif pairs associated with SCoC caspase substrates in the Degrabase, a database of cleavage sites in human apoptotic cell lines. We found 11 motifs significantly associated with SCoC proteolysis, including IXXD and GD. We employed a stepwise method to select motif pairs that optimized SCoC specificity for a given coverage of SCoC cleavage events, yielding 11 motif pairs likely to be preferred in SCoC-directed human non-apoptotic caspase consensus sequences. GD + IXXD was among these motif pairs, suggesting a conservation of non-apoptotic consensus sites among vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest Weghorst
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yeva Mirzakhanyan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | - Paul D Gershon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Karina S Cramer
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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14
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Dehkordi MH, Munn RGK, Fearnhead HO. Non-Canonical Roles of Apoptotic Caspases in the Nervous System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:840023. [PMID: 35281082 PMCID: PMC8904960 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.840023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that predominantly cleave their substrates after aspartic acid residues. Much of what we know of caspases emerged from investigation a highly conserved form of programmed cell death called apoptosis. This form of cell death is regulated by several caspases, including caspase-2, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8 and caspase-9. However, these “killer” apoptotic caspases have emerged as versatile enzymes that play key roles in a wide range of non-apoptotic processes. Much of what we understand about these non-apoptotic roles is built on work investigating how “killer” caspases control a range of neuronal cell behaviors. This review will attempt to provide an up to date synopsis of these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid H. Dehkordi
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Howard O. Fearnhead
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Howard O. Fearnhead,
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15
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Involvement of Bcl-xL in Neuronal Function and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063202. [PMID: 33801158 PMCID: PMC8004157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) family of proteins are mainly known for their role in the regulation of apoptosis by preventing pore formation at the mitochondrial outer membrane and subsequent caspase activation. However, Bcl-2 proteins also have non-canonical functions, independent of apoptosis. Indeed, the cell death machinery, including Bcl-2 homologs, was reported to be essential for the central nervous system (CNS), notably with respect to synaptic transmission and axon pruning. Here we focused on Bcl-xL, a close Bcl-2 homolog, which plays a major role in neuronal development, as bclx knock out mice prematurely die at embryonic day 13.5, showing massive apoptosis in the CNS. In addition, we present evidence that Bcl-xL fosters ATP generation by the mitochondria to fuel high energy needs by neurons, and its contribution to synaptic transmission. We discuss how Bcl-xL might control local and transient activation of caspases in neurons without causing cell death. Consistently, Bcl-xL may contribute to morphological changes, such as sprouting and retractation of axon branches, in the context of CNS plasticity. Regarding degenerative diseases and aging, a better understanding of the numerous roles of the cell death machinery in neurons may have future clinical implications.
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16
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Weis SN, Souza JMF, Hoppe JB, Firmino M, Auer M, Ataii NN, da Silva LA, Gaelzer MM, Klein CP, Mól AR, de Lima CMR, Souza DO, Salbego CG, Ricart CAO, Fontes W, de Sousa MV. In-depth quantitative proteomic characterization of organotypic hippocampal slice culture reveals sex-specific differences in biochemical pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2560. [PMID: 33510253 PMCID: PMC7844295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in the brain of mammals range from neuroarchitecture through cognition to cellular metabolism. The hippocampus, a structure mostly associated with learning and memory, presents high vulnerability to neurodegeneration and aging. Therefore, we explored basal sex-related differences in the proteome of organotypic hippocampal slice culture, a major in vitro model for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to neurodegenerative disorders. Results suggest a greater prevalence of astrocytic metabolism in females and significant neuronal metabolism in males. The preference for glucose use in glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and glycogen metabolism in females and high abundance of mitochondrial respiration subunits in males support this idea. An overall upregulation of lipid metabolism was observed in females. Upregulation of proteins responsible for neuronal glutamate and GABA synthesis, along with synaptic associated proteins, were observed in males. In general, the significant spectrum of pathways known to predominate in neurons or astrocytes, together with the well-known neuronal and glial markers observed, revealed sex-specific metabolic differences in the hippocampus. TEM qualitative analysis might indicate a greater presence of mitochondria at CA1 synapses in females. These findings are crucial to a better understanding of how sex chromosomes can influence the physiology of cultured hippocampal slices and allow us to gain insights into distinct responses of males and females on neurological diseases that present a sex-biased incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Nardin Weis
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Jaques Miranda F Souza
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bender Hoppe
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Marina Firmino
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Manfred Auer
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS Donner, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Nassim N Ataii
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS Donner, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Leonardo Assis da Silva
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Peres Klein
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Alan R Mól
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Consuelo M R de Lima
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Diogo Onofre Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Christianne G Salbego
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Carlos André O Ricart
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Valle de Sousa
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
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17
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van Gelder CAGH, Penning R, Veth TS, Catsburg LAE, Hoogenraad CC, MacGillavry HD, Altelaar M. Temporal Quantitative Proteomics of mGluR-induced Protein Translation and Phosphorylation in Neurons. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1952-1968. [PMID: 32912969 PMCID: PMC7710149 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
At neuronal synapses, activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/5) triggers a form of long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) that relies on new protein synthesis and the internalization of AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Dysregulation of these processes has been implicated in the development of mental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders and therefore merit a better understanding on a molecular level. Here, to study mGluR-induced signaling pathways, we integrated quantitative phosphoproteomics with the analyses of newly synthesized proteins via bio-orthogonal amino acids (azidohomoalanine) in a pulsed labeling strategy in cultured hippocampal neurons stimulated with DHPG, a specific agonist for group I mGluRs. We identified several kinases with important roles in DHPG-induced mGluR activation, which we confirmed using small molecule kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, changes in the AMPA receptor endocytosis pathway in both protein synthesis and protein phosphorylation were identified, whereby Intersectin-1 was validated as a novel player in this pathway. This study revealed several new insights into the molecular pathways downstream of group I mGluR activation in hippocampal neurons, and provides a rich resource for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A G H van Gelder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Penning
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa A E Catsburg
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harold D MacGillavry
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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18
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Wang YJ, Liu MG, Wang JH, Cao W, Wu C, Wang ZY, Liu L, Yang F, Feng ZH, Sun L, Zhang F, Shen Y, Zhou YD, Zhuo M, Luo JH, Xu TL, Li XY. Restoration of Cingulate Long-Term Depression by Enhancing Non-apoptotic Caspase 3 Alleviates Peripheral Pain Hypersensitivity. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108369. [PMID: 33176141 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve injury in somatosensory pathways may lead to neuropathic pain, which affects the life quality of ∼8% of people. Long-term enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission along somatosensory pathways contributes to neuropathic pain. Caspase 3 (Casp3) plays a non-apoptotic role in the hippocampus and regulates internalization of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) subunits. Whether Casp3-AMPAR interaction is involved in the maintenance of peripheral hypersensitivity after nerve injury remained unknown. Here, we show that nerve injury suppresses long-term depression (LTD) and downregulates Casp3 in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Interfering with interactions between Casp3 and AMPAR subunits or reducing Casp3 activity in the ACC suppresses LTD induction and causes peripheral hypersensitivity. Overexpression of Casp3 restores LTD and reduces peripheral hypersensitivity after nerve injury. We reveal how Casp3 is involved in the maintenance of peripheral hypersensitivity. Our findings suggest that restoration of LTD via Casp3 provides a therapeutic strategy for neuropathic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China; Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ming-Gang Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Yue Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Core Facilities of the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biophysics and Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Feng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuxing Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and K. K. Leung Brain Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Life Science, Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jian-Hong Luo
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tian-Le Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Brain Science, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiang-Yao Li
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
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Chung D, Shum A, Caraveo G. GAP-43 and BASP1 in Axon Regeneration: Implications for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:567537. [PMID: 33015061 PMCID: PMC7494789 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.567537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and brain acid-soluble protein 1 (BASP1) regulate actin dynamics and presynaptic vesicle cycling at axon terminals, thereby facilitating axonal growth, regeneration, and plasticity. These functions highly depend on changes in GAP-43 and BASP1 expression levels and post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. Interestingly, examinations of GAP-43 and BASP1 in neurodegenerative diseases reveal alterations in their expression and phosphorylation profiles. This review provides an overview of the structural properties, regulations, and functions of GAP-43 and BASP1, highlighting their involvement in neural injury response and regeneration. By discussing GAP-43 and BASP1 in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, we also explore the therapeutic potential of modulating their activities to compensate for neuron loss in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daayun Chung
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrew Shum
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gabriela Caraveo
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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20
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Laliberté G, Othman R, Vaucher E. Mesoscopic Mapping of Stimulus-Selective Response Plasticity in the Visual Pathways Modulated by the Cholinergic System. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:38. [PMID: 32719589 PMCID: PMC7350895 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic potentiation of visual conditioning enhances visual acuity and discrimination of the trained stimulus. To determine if this also induces long-term plastic changes on cortical maps and connectivity in the visual cortex and higher associative areas, mesoscopic calcium imaging was performed in head-fixed awake GCaMP6s adult mice before and after conditioning. The conditioned stimulus (0.03 cpd, 30°, 100% contrast, 1 Hz-drifting gratings) was presented 10 min daily for a week. Saline or Donepezil (DPZ, 0.3 mg/kg, s.c.), a cholinesterase inhibitor that potentiates cholinergic transmission, were injected prior to each conditioning session and compared to a sham-conditioned group. Cortical maps of resting state and evoked response to the monocular presentation of conditioned or non-conditioned stimulus (30°, 50 and 75% contrast; 90°, 50, 75, and 100% contrast) were established. Amplitude, duration, and latency of the peak response, as well as size of activation were measured in the primary visual cortex (V1), secondary visual areas (AL, A, AM, PM, LM, RL), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), and higher cortical areas. Visual stimulation increased calcium signaling in all primary and secondary visual areas, the RSC, but no other cortices. There were no significant effects of sham-conditioning or conditioning alone, but DPZ treatment during conditioning significantly decreased the integrated neuronal activity of superficial layers evoked by the conditioned stimulus in V1, AL, PM, and LM. The activity of downstream cortical areas was not changed. The size of the activated area was decreased in V1 and PM, and the signal-to-noise ratio was decreased in AL and PM. Interestingly, signal correlation was seen only between V1, the ventral visual pathway, and the RSC, and was decreased by DPZ administration. The resting state activity was slightly correlated and rarely affected by treatments, except between binocular and monocular V1 in both hemispheres. In conclusion, cholinergic potentiation of visual conditioning induced change in visual processing in the superficial cortical layers. This effect might be a key mechanism in the establishment of the fine cortical tuning in response to the conditioned visual stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Laliberté
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rahmeh Othman
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Départment de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elvire Vaucher
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition Visuelle, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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21
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Jiang L, Zhang H, Zhou J, Tang X, Luo L, Huang P, Yi W, Xu N, Liu J, Fu W. Involvement of Hippocampal AMPA Receptors in Electroacupuncture Attenuating Depressive-Like Behaviors and Regulating Synaptic Proteins in Rats Subjected to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. World Neurosurg 2020; 139:e455-e462. [PMID: 32311563 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large body of evidence has suggested that the disruptions of neural plasticity in the brain play a pivotal role in major depressive disorder (MDD). Electroacupuncture (EA) therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment modality for MDD. However, the mechanism underling the antidepressive effect of EA treatment has not been clearly elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of EA associated with its protection effect of synaptic structural plasticity. METHODS An MDD model was induced by exposing Sprague Dawley rats to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). EA stimulation (Hegu and Taichong) and AMPA receptor (AMPAR) antagonist NBQX intrahippocampal injection were used to treat the depressed rats. RESULTS We found EA improved behavioral performance, enhanced synaptic structural plasticity, and upregulated gene and protein levels of GluR1, GluR2, Stargazin, Pick1, SYP, PSD-95, and GAP-43. AMPAR antagonist NBQX had the opposite effect on behavioral performance, synaptic plasticity, and the aforementioned genes and proteins. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that EA has a potent antidepressant effect, likely through upregulated expression of the AMPAR and protected neural plasticity in CUMS-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Acupuncture Research Team, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Acupuncture Research Team, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhe Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorong Tang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Luo
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peidong Huang
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Yi
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nenggui Xu
- South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Acupuncture Research Team, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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22
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Comparative proteomic analysis of the brain and colon in three rat models of irritable bowel syndrome. Proteome Sci 2020; 18:1. [PMID: 32123521 PMCID: PMC7041085 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-020-0157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been gradually recognized as a disorder of the brain-gut interaction, but the molecular changes in the brain and colon that occur in disease development remain poorly understood. We employed proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins in both the brain and colon of three IBS models. Methods To explore the relevant protein abundance changes in the brain and colon, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Western blotting methods were used in three IBS models, including maternal separation (MS, group B), chronic wrap restraint stress (CWRS, group C) and a combination of MS and CWRS (group D). Results We identified 153, 280, and 239 proteins that were common and differentially expressed in the two tissue types of groups B, C and D, respectively; 43 differentially expressed proteins showed the same expression changes among the three groups, including 25 proteins upregulated in the colon and downregulated in the brain, 7 proteins downregulated in the colon and upregulated in the brain, and 3 proteins upregulated and 8 downregulated in both tissues. Gene ontology analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly associated with cellular assembly and organization and cellular function and maintenance. Protein interaction network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the differentiated proteins were mainly involved in the protein ubiquitination pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusions Taken together, the data presented represent a comprehensive and quantitative proteomic analysis of the brain and colon in IBS models, providing new evidence of an abnormal brain-gut interaction in IBS. These data may be useful for further investigation of potential targets in the diagnosis and treatment of IBS.
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The Caspase-3 homolog DrICE regulates endocytic trafficking during Drosophila tracheal morphogenesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1031. [PMID: 30833576 PMCID: PMC6399233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although well known for its role in apoptosis, the executioner caspase DrICE has a non-apoptotic function that is required for elongation of the epithelial tubes of the Drosophila tracheal system. Here, we show that DrICE acts downstream of the Hippo Network to regulate endocytic trafficking of at least four cell polarity, cell junction and apical extracellular matrix proteins involved in tracheal tube size control: Crumbs, Uninflatable, Kune-Kune and Serpentine. We further show that tracheal cells are competent to undergo apoptosis, even though developmentally-regulated DrICE function rarely kills tracheal cells. Our results reveal a developmental role for caspases, a pool of DrICE that co-localizes with Clathrin, and a mechanism by which the Hippo Network controls endocytic trafficking. Given reports of in vitro regulation of endocytosis by mammalian caspases during apoptosis, we propose that caspase-mediated regulation of endocytic trafficking is an evolutionarily conserved function of caspases that can be deployed during morphogenesis. Caspases are well-known drivers of apoptosis, although recent studies suggest potential non-apoptotic functions. Here, McSharry and Beitel show that the Drosophila executioner caspase DrICE regulates endocytic trafficking of key proteins downstream of Hippo during tracheal morphogenesis.
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24
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Gorup D, Škokić S, Kriz J, Gajović S. Tlr2 Deficiency is Associated with Enhanced Elements of Neuronal Repair and Caspase 3 Activation Following Brain Ischemia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2821. [PMID: 30808918 PMCID: PMC6391535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply multimodal in vivo imaging to assess the influence of altered innate immunity on brain repair after ischemic lesion. Tlr2-deficient mice were compared to wild type controls, as they lack Tlr2-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling triggered by postischemic necrosis. The ischemic lesion was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion for 60 min, followed by brain imaging and analysis at four time points until 28 days after ischemia. Multimodal in vivo imaging involved a combination of 3 modalities: (1) magnetic resonance imaging by T2-weighted scans to assess brain lesion size, (2) bioluminescence imaging of Gap43-luc/gfp transgenic mice to visualize the axonal remodeling, and (3) caged-luciferin bioluminescence imaging of DEVD-luciferin allowing for visualization of caspase 3 and 7 activity in Gap43-luc/gfp mice. This enabled innovative correlation of the MRI-determined lesion size to photon fluxes obtained by bioluminescence imaging. Our data revealed that following ischemia, Tlr2-deficient mice had higher Gap43 expression and higher levels of caspases 3 and 7 activity, which was accompanied by enhanced levels of synaptic plasticity markers DLG4 and synaptophysin when compared to wild type controls. Altered inflammation in Tlr2-deficient mice was accompanied by enhanced elements of post-stroke repair, in particular during the chronic phase of recovery, but also with delayed final consolidation of the brain lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Gorup
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR-10000, Croatia
| | - Siniša Škokić
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR-10000, Croatia
| | - Jasna Kriz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine Laval University, CERVO Brain Research Center, 2601, de la Canardière, Québec (QC), G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Srećko Gajović
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 12, Zagreb, HR-10000, Croatia.
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25
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Caspases orchestrate microglia instrumental functions. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 171:50-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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The Role of Apoptotic Signaling in Axon Guidance. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:jdb6040024. [PMID: 30340315 PMCID: PMC6316149 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Navigating growth cones are exposed to multiple signals simultaneously and have to integrate competing cues into a coherent navigational response. Integration of guidance cues is traditionally thought to occur at the level of cytoskeletal dynamics. Drosophila studies indicate that cells exhibit a low level of continuous caspase protease activation, and that axon guidance cues can activate or suppress caspase activity. We base a model for axon guidance on these observations. By analogy with other systems in which caspase signaling has non-apoptotic functions, we propose that caspase signaling can either reinforce repulsion or negate attraction in response to external guidance cues by cleaving cytoskeletal proteins. Over the course of an entire trajectory, incorrectly navigating axons may pass the threshold for apoptosis and be eliminated, whereas axons making correct decisions will survive. These observations would also explain why neurotrophic factors can act as axon guidance cues and why axon guidance systems such as Slit/Robo signaling may act as tumor suppressors in cancer.
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27
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Perovic V, Sumonja N, Marsh LA, Radovanovic S, Vukicevic M, Roberts SGE, Veljkovic N. IDPpi: Protein-Protein Interaction Analyses of Human Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10563. [PMID: 30002402 PMCID: PMC6043496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are characterized by the lack of a fixed tertiary structure and are involved in the regulation of key biological processes via binding to multiple protein partners. IDPs are malleable, adapting to structurally different partners, and this flexibility stems from features encoded in the primary structure. The assumption that universal sequence information will facilitate coverage of the sparse zones of the human interactome motivated us to explore the possibility of predicting protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that involve IDPs based on sequence characteristics. We developed a method that relies on features of the interacting and non-interacting protein pairs and utilizes machine learning to classify and predict IDP PPIs. Consideration of both sequence determinants specific for conformational organizations and the multiplicity of IDP interactions in the training phase ensured a reliable approach that is superior to current state-of-the-art methods. By applying a strict evaluation procedure, we confirm that our method predicts interactions of the IDP of interest even on the proteome-scale. This service is provided as a web tool to expedite the discovery of new interactions and IDP functions with enhanced efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Perovic
- Centre for Multidisciplinary Research and Engineering, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neven Sumonja
- Centre for Multidisciplinary Research and Engineering, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lindsey A Marsh
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sandro Radovanovic
- Centre for business decision making, Faculty of organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Vukicevic
- Centre for business decision making, Faculty of organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan G E Roberts
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nevena Veljkovic
- Centre for Multidisciplinary Research and Engineering, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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28
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Control of neurite growth and guidance by an inhibitory cell-body signal. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006218. [PMID: 29927943 PMCID: PMC6013027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a functional nervous system requires tight control of neurite growth and guidance by extracellular chemical cues. Neurite growth is astonishingly sensitive to shallow concentration gradients, but a widely observed feature of both growth and guidance regulation, with important consequences for development and regeneration, is that both are only elicited over the same relatively narrow range of concentrations. Here we show that all these phenomena can be explained within one theoretical framework. We first test long-standing explanations for the suppression of the trophic effects of nerve growth factor at high concentrations, and find they are contradicted by experiment. Instead we propose a new hypothesis involving inhibitory signalling among the cell bodies, and then extend this hypothesis to show how both growth and guidance can be understood in terms of a common underlying signalling mechanism. This new model for the first time unifies several key features of neurite growth regulation, quantitatively explains many aspects of experimental data, and makes new predictions about unknown details of developmental signalling.
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29
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Hollville E, Deshmukh M. Physiological functions of non-apoptotic caspase activity in the nervous system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 82:127-136. [PMID: 29199140 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caspases are cysteine proteases that play important and well-defined roles in apoptosis and inflammation. Increasing evidence point to alternative functions of caspases where restricted and localized caspase activation within neurons allows for a variety of non-apoptotic and non-inflammatory processes required for brain development and function. In this review, we highlight sublethal caspase functions in axon and dendrite pruning, neurite outgrowth and dendrite branches formation, as well as in long-term depression and synaptic plasticity. Importantly, as non-apoptotic activity of caspases is often confined in space and time in neurons, we also discuss the mechanisms that restrict caspase activity in order to maintain the neuronal networks in a healthy and functional state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohanish Deshmukh
- Neuroscience Center, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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30
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Tesic V, Perovic M, Zaletel I, Jovanovic M, Puskas N, Ruzdijic S, Kanazir S. A single high dose of dexamethasone increases GAP-43 and synaptophysin in the hippocampus of aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2017; 98:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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31
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Liu X, Gong B, de Souza LB, Ong HL, Subedi KP, Cheng KT, Swaim W, Zheng C, Mori Y, Ambudkar IS. Radiation inhibits salivary gland function by promoting STIM1 cleavage by caspase-3 and loss of SOCE through a TRPM2-dependent pathway. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/482/eaal4064. [PMID: 28588080 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is critical for salivary gland fluid secretion. We report that radiation treatment caused persistent salivary gland dysfunction by activating a TRPM2-dependent mitochondrial pathway, leading to caspase-3-mediated cleavage of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and loss of SOCE. After irradiation, acinar cells from the submandibular glands of TRPM2+/+ , but not those from TRPM2-/- mice, displayed an increase in the concentrations of mitochondrial Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species, a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and activation of caspase-3, which was associated with a sustained decrease in STIM1 abundance and attenuation of SOCE. In a salivary gland cell line, silencing the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter or caspase-3 or treatment with inhibitors of TRPM2 or caspase-3 prevented irradiation-induced loss of STIM1 and SOCE. Expression of exogenous STIM1 in the salivary glands of irradiated mice increased SOCE and fluid secretion. We suggest that targeting the mechanisms underlying the loss of STIM1 would be a potentially useful approach for preserving salivary gland function after radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibao Liu
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Baijuan Gong
- Department of Orthodontics, Jilin University School of Stomatology, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lorena Brito de Souza
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hwei Ling Ong
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Krishna P Subedi
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kwong Tai Cheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William Swaim
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Changyu Zheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Indu S Ambudkar
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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32
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Milanovic D, Pesic V, Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic N, Avramovic V, Tesic V, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Kanazir S, Ruzdijic S. Neonatal Propofol Anesthesia Changes Expression of Synaptic Plasticity Proteins and Increases Stereotypic and Anxyolitic Behavior in Adult Rats. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:247-263. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Katow H, Kanaya T, Ogawa T, Egawa R, Yawo H. Regulation of axon arborization pattern in the developing chick ciliary ganglion: Possible involvement of caspase 3. Dev Growth Differ 2017; 59:115-128. [PMID: 28430358 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
During a certain critical period in the development of the central and peripheral nervous systems, axonal branches and synapses are massively reorganized to form mature connections. In this process, neurons search their appropriate targets, expanding and/or retracting their axons. Recent work suggested that the caspase superfamily regulates the axon morphology. Here, we tested the hypothesis that caspase 3, which is one of the major executioners in apoptotic cell death, is involved in regulating the axon arborization. The embryonic chicken ciliary ganglion was used as a model system of synapse reorganization. A dominant negative mutant of caspase-3 precursor (C3DN) was made and overexpressed in presynaptic neurons in the midbrain to interfere with the intrinsic caspase-3 activity using an in ovo electroporation method. The axon arborization pattern was 3-dimensionally and quantitatively analyzed in the ciliary ganglion. The overexpression of C3DN significantly reduced the number of branching points, the branch order and the complexity index, whereas it significantly elongated the terminal branches at E6. It also increased the internodal distance significantly at E8. But, these effects were negligible at E10 or later. During E6-8, there appeared to be a dynamic balance in the axon arborization pattern between the "targeting" mode, which is accompanied by elongation of terminal branches and the pruning of collateral branches, and the "pathfinding" mode, which is accompanied by the retraction of terminal branches and the sprouting of new collateral branches. The local and transient activation of caspase 3 could direct the balance towards the pathfinding mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Katow
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teppei Kanaya
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Ogawa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Egawa
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yawo
- Department of Developmental Biology and Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan.,Center for Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Li W, Zhu Y, Saud SM, Guo Q, Xi S, Jia B, Jiao S, Yang X, Lu J, Song S, Tu Y. Electroacupuncture relieves depression-like symptoms in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress by activating ERK signaling pathway. Neurosci Lett 2017; 642:43-50. [PMID: 28147225 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to alleviate the symptoms associated with major depressive disorder; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. While the mainstay treatment for depression are pharmacological agents that modulate serotonergic and/or noradrenergic activity of the brain, recent data suggest that, neurotrophins may play a larger role in the pathogenesis of depression and may offer better therapeutic potential in alleviating symptoms associated with depression. One downstream target of neurotrophins is the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, a major mediator of cellular stress often associated with clinical depression. In this study, we assessed whether the efficacy of EA is due to regulation of these novel pathways using an animal model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). We found that EA stimulation at specific locations, Baihui (GV20), and Yintang (GV29) ameliorated the behavioral responses of CUMS, which included reduced locomotion, decreased sucrose intake and weight loss. Furthermore, EA increased the activation of ERK and ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) levels under stress. Both the behavioral and biochemical responses to EA were attenuated with administration of ERK inhibitor, suggesting that EA improves depression-like symptoms in stressed rats, in part, by activation of ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Li
- Department of Scientific Research Management, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yan Zhu
- Xi'an XD Group Hospital, Xi'an 710077, China
| | - Shakir M Saud
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Qiujun Guo
- Oncology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shengyan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of the Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Baohui Jia
- Department of Acupuncture, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuang Jiao
- Editorial department, Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tui Na, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tui Na, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sihong Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ya Tu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tui Na, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Tang HL, Tang HM, Fung MC, Hardwick JM. In Vivo Biosensor Tracks Non-apoptotic Caspase Activity in Drosophila. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27929458 DOI: 10.3791/53992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases are the key mediators of apoptotic cell death via their proteolytic activity. When caspases are activated in cells to levels detectable by available technologies, apoptosis is generally assumed to occur shortly thereafter. Caspases can cleave many functional and structural components to cause rapid and complete cell destruction within a few minutes. However, accumulating evidence indicates that in normal healthy cells the same caspases have other functions, presumably at lower enzymatic levels. Studies of non-apoptotic caspase activity have been hampered by difficulties with detecting low levels of caspase activity and with tracking ultimate cell fate in vivo. Here, we illustrate the use of an ultrasensitive caspase reporter, CaspaseTracker, which permanently labels cells that have experienced caspase activity in whole animals. This in vivo dual color CaspaseTracker biosensor for Drosophila melanogaster transiently expresses red fluorescent protein (RFP) to indicate recent or on-going caspase activity, and permanently expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) in cells that have experienced caspase activity at any time in the past yet did not die. Importantly, this caspase-dependent in vivo biosensor readily reveals the presence of non-apoptotic caspase activity in the tissues of organ systems throughout the adult fly. This is demonstrated using whole mount dissections of individual flies to detect biosensor activity in healthy cells throughout the brain, gut, malpighian tubules, cardia, ovary ducts and other tissues. CaspaseTracker detects non-apoptotic caspase activity in long-lived cells, as biosensor activity is detected in adult neurons and in other tissues at least 10 days after caspase activation. This biosensor serves as an important tool to uncover the roles and molecular mechanisms of non-apoptotic caspase activity in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Lam Tang
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Ho Man Tang
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Ming Chiu Fung
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - J Marie Hardwick
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health;
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Rotschafer SE, Allen-Sharpley MR, Cramer KS. Axonal Cleaved Caspase-3 Regulates Axon Targeting and Morphogenesis in the Developing Auditory Brainstem. Front Neural Circuits 2016; 10:84. [PMID: 27822180 PMCID: PMC5075536 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that is most commonly associated with cell death. Recent studies have shown additional roles in mediating cell differentiation, cell proliferation and development of cell morphology. We investigated the role of caspase-3 in the development of chick auditory brainstem nuclei during embryogenesis. Immunofluorescence from embryonic days E6–13 revealed that the temporal expression of cleaved caspase-3 follows the ascending anatomical pathway. The expression is first seen in the auditory portion of VIIIth nerve including central axonal regions projecting to nucleus magnocellularis (NM), then later in NM axons projecting to nucleus laminaris (NL), and subsequently in NL dendrites. To examine the function of cleaved caspase-3 in chick auditory brainstem development, we blocked caspase-3 cleavage in developing chick embryos with the caspase-3 inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK from E6 to E9, then examined NM and NL morphology and NM axonal targeting on E10. NL lamination in treated embryos was disorganized and the neuropil around NL contained a significant number of glial cells normally excluded from this region. Additionally, NM axons projected into inappropriate portions of NL in Z-DEVD-FMK treated embyros. We found that the presence of misrouted axons was associated with more severe NL disorganization. The effects of axonal caspase-3 inhibition on both NL morphogenesis and NM axon targeting suggest that these developmental processes are coordinated, likely through communication between axons and their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Rotschafer
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Karina S Cramer
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
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FAIM-L regulation of XIAP degradation modulates Synaptic Long-Term Depression and Axon Degeneration. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35775. [PMID: 27767058 PMCID: PMC5073314 DOI: 10.1038/srep35775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspases have recently emerged as key regulators of axonal pruning and degeneration and of long-term depression (LTD), a long-lasting form of synaptic plasticity. However, the mechanism underlying these functions remains unclear. In this context, XIAP has been shown to modulate these processes. The neuron-specific form of FAIM protein (FAIM-L) is a death receptor antagonist that stabilizes XIAP protein levels, thus preventing death receptor-induced neuronal apoptosis. Here we show that FAIM-L modulates synaptic transmission, prevents chemical-LTD induction in hippocampal neurons, and thwarts axon degeneration after nerve growth factor (NGF) withdrawal. Additionally, we demonstrate that the participation of FAIM-L in these two processes is dependent on its capacity to stabilize XIAP protein levels. Our data reveal FAIM-L as a regulator of axonal degeneration and synaptic plasticity.
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Gibbs WS, Weber RA, Schnellmann RG, Adkins DL. Disrupted mitochondrial genes and inflammation following stroke. Life Sci 2016; 166:139-148. [PMID: 27693381 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Determine the subacute time course of mitochondria disruption, cell death, and inflammation in a rat model of unilateral motor cortical ischemic stroke. MAIN METHODS Rats received unilateral ischemia of the motor cortex and were tested on behavioral tasks to determine impairments. Animals were euthanized at 24h, 72h and 144h and mRNA expression of key mitochondria proteins and indicators of inflammation, apoptosis and potential regenerative processes in ipsilesion cortex and striatum, using RT-qPCR. Mitochondrial proteins were examined at 144h using immunoblot analysis. KEY FINDINGS Rats with stroke induced-behavioral deficits had sustained, 144h post-lesion, decreases in mitochondrial-encoded electron transport chain proteins NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-1 (mRNA and protein) and mitochondrial DNA content in perilesion motor and sensory cortex. Uncoupling-protein-2 gene expression, but not superoxide dismutase-2, remained elevated in ipsilateral cortex and striatum at this time. Cortical inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6, was increased early and was followed by increased macrophage marker F4/80 after stroke. Cleaved caspase-3 activation was elevated in cortex and growth associated protein-43 was elevated in the cortex and striatum six days post-lesion. SIGNIFICANCE We identified a relationship between three disrupted pathways, (1) sustained loss of mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA copy number in the cortex linked to decreased mitochondrial gene transcription; (2) early inflammatory response mediated by interleukin- 6 followed by macrophages; (3) apoptosis in conjunction with the activation of regenerative pathways. The stroke-induced spatial and temporal profiles lay the foundation to target pharmacological therapeutics to these three pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Gibbs
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States
| | - Rachel A Weber
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Pharmacy & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
| | - DeAnna L Adkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States; Center of Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC, United States; Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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Tunable allosteric library of caspase-3 identifies coupling between conserved water molecules and conformational selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E6080-E6088. [PMID: 27681633 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603549113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The native ensemble of caspases is described globally by a complex energy landscape where the binding of substrate selects for the active conformation, whereas targeting an allosteric site in the dimer interface selects an inactive conformation that contains disordered active-site loops. Mutations and posttranslational modifications stabilize high-energy inactive conformations, with mostly formed, but distorted, active sites. To examine the interconversion of active and inactive states in the ensemble, we used detection of related solvent positions to analyze 4,995 waters in 15 high-resolution (<2.0 Å) structures of wild-type caspase-3, resulting in 450 clusters with the most highly conserved set containing 145 water molecules. The data show that regions of the protein that contact the conserved waters also correspond to sites of posttranslational modifications, suggesting that the conserved waters are an integral part of allosteric mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, we created a library of 19 caspase-3 variants through saturation mutagenesis in a single position of the allosteric site of the dimer interface, and we show that the enzyme activity varies by more than four orders of magnitude. Altogether, our database consists of 37 high-resolution structures of caspase-3 variants, and we demonstrate that the decrease in activity correlates with a loss of conserved water molecules. The data show that the activity of caspase-3 can be fine-tuned through globally desolvating the active conformation within the native ensemble, providing a mechanism for cells to repartition the ensemble and thus fine-tune activity through conformational selection.
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40
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Unsain N, Barker PA. New Views on the Misconstrued: Executioner Caspases and Their Diverse Non-apoptotic Roles. Neuron 2016; 88:461-74. [PMID: 26539888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Initially characterized for their roles in apoptosis, executioner caspases have emerged as important regulators of an array of cellular activities. This is especially true in the nervous system, where sublethal caspase activity has been implicated in axonal pathfinding and branching, axonal degeneration, dendrite pruning, regeneration, long-term depression, and metaplasticity. Here we examine the roles of sublethal executioner caspase activity in nervous system development and maintenance, consider the mechanisms that locally activate and restrain these potential killers, and discuss how their activity be subverted in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Unsain
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología, Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Médica Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Friuli 2434, Córdoba (5016), Argentina
| | - Philip A Barker
- Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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41
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Niere F, Namjoshi S, Song E, Dilly GA, Schoenhard G, Zemelman BV, Mechref Y, Raab-Graham KF. Analysis of Proteins That Rapidly Change Upon Mechanistic/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) Repression Identifies Parkinson Protein 7 (PARK7) as a Novel Protein Aberrantly Expressed in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:426-44. [PMID: 26419955 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.055079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many biological processes involve the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Thus, the challenge of deciphering mTORC1-mediated functions during normal and pathological states in the central nervous system is challenging. Because mTORC1 is at the core of translation, we have investigated mTORC1 function in global and regional protein expression. Activation of mTORC1 has been generally regarded to promote translation. Few but recent works have shown that suppression of mTORC1 can also promote local protein synthesis. Moreover, excessive mTORC1 activation during diseased states represses basal and activity-induced protein synthesis. To determine the role of mTORC1 activation in protein expression, we have used an unbiased, large-scale proteomic approach. We provide evidence that a brief repression of mTORC1 activity in vivo by rapamycin has little effect globally, yet leads to a significant remodeling of synaptic proteins, in particular those proteins that reside in the postsynaptic density. We have also found that curtailing the activity of mTORC1 bidirectionally alters the expression of proteins associated with epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and autism spectrum disorder-neurological disorders that exhibit elevated mTORC1 activity. Through a protein-protein interaction network analysis, we have identified common proteins shared among these mTORC1-related diseases. One such protein is Parkinson protein 7, which has been implicated in Parkinson's disease, yet not associated with epilepsy, Alzheimers disease, or autism spectrum disorder. To verify our finding, we provide evidence that the protein expression of Parkinson protein 7, including new protein synthesis, is sensitive to mTORC1 inhibition. Using a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex, a disease that displays both epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder phenotypes and has overactive mTORC1 signaling, we show that Parkinson protein 7 protein is elevated in the dendrites and colocalizes with the postsynaptic marker postsynaptic density-95. Our work offers a comprehensive view of mTORC1 and its role in regulating regional protein expression in normal and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farr Niere
- From the ‡Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas, Austin, 1 University Station C7000, Texas 78712; §Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ¶Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ‖Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Sanjeev Namjoshi
- From the ‡Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas, Austin, 1 University Station C7000, Texas 78712; §Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Ehwang Song
- **Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - Geoffrey A Dilly
- From the ‡Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas, Austin, 1 University Station C7000, Texas 78712; §Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ¶Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Grant Schoenhard
- ‡‡Pain Therapeutics, Inc., 7801 N Capital of Texas Hwy, #260, Austin, Texas 78731
| | - Boris V Zemelman
- From the ‡Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas, Austin, 1 University Station C7000, Texas 78712; §Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ¶Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Yehia Mechref
- **Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409
| | - Kimberly F Raab-Graham
- From the ‡Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas, Austin, 1 University Station C7000, Texas 78712; §Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ¶Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ‖Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; ‡‡Pain Therapeutics, Inc., 7801 N Capital of Texas Hwy, #260, Austin, Texas 78731
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Gorup D, Bohaček I, Miličević T, Pochet R, Mitrečić D, Križ J, Gajović S. Increased expression and colocalization of GAP43 and CASP3 after brain ischemic lesion in mouse. Neurosci Lett 2015; 597:176-82. [PMID: 25929184 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GAP43 is a protein involved in neurite outgrowth during development and axon regeneration reflecting its presynaptic localization in developing neurons. Recently, it has been demonstrated that GAP43 is a ligand of CASP3 involved in receptor endocytosis and is also localized post-synaptically. In this study, by using a transgenic mouse strain carrying a bioluminescent reporter for GAP43 combined with an in vivo bioluminescence assay for CASP3, we demonstrated that one day after brain ischemic lesion and, even more pronounced, four days after stroke, expression of both CASP3 and Gap43 in neurons increased more than 40 times. The in vivo approach of CASP3 and GAP43 colocalization imaging was further validated and quantified by immunofluorescence. Importantly, in 82% of GAP43 positive cells, colocalization with CASP3 was present. These findings suggested that one and four days after stroke CASP3 expression, not necessarily associated with neuronal death, increased and suggested that CASP3 and GAP43 might be part of a common molecular pathway involved in early response to ischemic events occurring after onset of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Gorup
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia.
| | - Ivan Bohaček
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia.
| | - Tena Miličević
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia.
| | - Roland Pochet
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia; Laboratory of Histology, Neuroanatomy and Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Brussels B-1070, Belgium.
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia.
| | - Jasna Križ
- Research Centre of Institute universitaire en santé mentale and Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Laval University, Quebec City G1J2G3a, Canada.
| | - Srećko Gajović
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, Zagreb HR-10000, Croatia.
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Hu Z, Zhao J, Hu T, Luo Y, Zhu J, Li Z. miR-501-3p mediates the activity-dependent regulation of the expression of AMPA receptor subunit GluA1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 208:949-59. [PMID: 25800054 PMCID: PMC4384731 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201404092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The number of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) in synapses determines synaptic strength. AMPAR expression can be regulated locally in dendrites by synaptic activity. The mechanisms of activity-dependent local regulation of AMPAR expression, however, remain unclear. Here, we tested whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR)-dependent AMPAR expression. We used the 3' untranslated region of Gria1, which encodes the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1, to pull down miRNAs binding to it and analyzed these miRNAs using next-generation deep sequencing. Among the identified miRNAs, miR-501-3p is also a computationally predicted Gria1-targeting miRNA. We confirmed that miR-501-3p targets Gria1 and regulates its expression under physiological conditions. The expression of miR-501-3p and GluA1, moreover, is inversely correlated during postnatal brain development. miR-501-3p expression is up-regulated locally in dendrites through the NMDAR subunit GluN2A, and this regulation is required for NMDA-induced suppression of GluA1 expression and long-lasting remodeling of dendritic spines. These findings elucidate a miRNA-mediated mechanism for activity-dependent, local regulation of AMPAR expression in dendrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Hu
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jun Zhao
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tianyi Hu
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yan Luo
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jun Zhu
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Zheng Li
- Unit on Synapse Development and Plasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, and Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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44
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Sanchez-Niño MD, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Perez-Gomez MV, Poveda J, Sanz AB, Cannata-Ortiz P, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J, Selgas R, Ortiz A. Albumin-induced apoptosis of tubular cells is modulated by BASP1. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1644. [PMID: 25675304 PMCID: PMC4669784 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Albuminuria promotes tubular injury and cell death, and is associated with faster progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating tubular cell death in response to albuminuria are not fully understood. Brain abundant signal protein 1 (BASP1) was recently shown to mediate glucose-induced apoptosis in tubular cells. We have studied the role of BASP1 in albumin-induced tubular cell death. BASP1 expression was studied in experimental puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats and in human nephrotic syndrome. The role of BASP1 in albumin-induced apoptosis was studied in cultured human HK2 proximal tubular epithelial cells. Puromycin aminonucleoside induced proteinuria and increased total kidney BASP1 mRNA and protein expression. Immunohistochemistry localized the increased BASP1 to tubular cells. BASP1 expression colocalized with deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining for apoptotic cells. Increased tubular BASP1 expression was observed in human proteinuric nephropathy by immunohistochemistry, providing evidence for potential clinical relevance. In cultured tubular cells, albumin induced apoptosis and increased BASP1 mRNA and protein expression at 6–48 h. Confocal microscopy localized the increased BASP1 expression in albumin-treated cells mainly to the perinuclear area. A peripheral location near the cell membrane was more conspicuous in albumin-treated apoptotic cells, where it colocalized with actin. Inhibition of BASP1 expression by a BASP1 siRNA protected from albumin-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, albumin-induced apoptosis in tubular cells is BASP1-dependent. This information may be used to design novel therapeutic approaches to slow CKD progression based on protection of tubular cells from the adverse consequences of albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Sanchez-Niño
- 1] Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain [2] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Fernandez-Fernandez
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - M V Perez-Gomez
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Poveda
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - A B Sanz
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Cannata-Ortiz
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ruiz-Ortega
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Egido
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Selgas
- 1] Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain [2] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Ortiz
- 1] REDINREN, Madrid, Spain [2] IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
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45
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Sodja C, Ribecco-Lutkiewicz M, Haukenfrers J, Merchant F, Costain WJ, Bani-Yaghoub M. Comparison of S-nitrosoglutathione- and staurosporine-induced apoptosis in human neural cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:1001-11. [PMID: 25388371 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenously produced S-nitrosylating compound that controls the function of various proteins. While a number of rodent cell lines have been used to study GSNO-induced apoptosis, the mechanisms of action remain to be evaluated in human cells and in parallel with other common apoptosis-inducing agents. In this study, we compared the pro-apoptotic effects of GSNO and staurosporine (STS) on human neural progenitors (NT2, hNP1) and neuroblasts (SH-SY5Y). We show that these cells exhibit comparable levels of susceptibility to GSNO- and STS-induced apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by condensed nuclei and CASP3 activation. Mechanistic differences in apoptotic responses were observed as differential patterns of DNA fragmentation and levels of BAX, BCL-XL, CASP8, and p-ERK in response to GSNO and STS treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential analysis revealed that NT2 and hNP1 cells, but not SH-SY5Y cells, undergo mitochondrial hyperpolarization in response to short-term exposure to STS prior to undergoing subsequent depolarization. This is the first study to report differences in apoptotic responses to GSNO and STS in 3 complementary human neural cell lines. Furthermore, these cells represent useful tools in cell pharmacological paradigms in which susceptibility to apoptosis-inducing agents needs to be assessed at different stages of neural cell fate commitment and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Sodja
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
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Han MHJ, Hu Z, Chen CY, Chen Y, Gucek M, Li Z, Markey SP. Dysbindin-associated proteome in the p2 synaptosome fraction of mouse brain. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:4567-80. [PMID: 25198678 PMCID: PMC4227559 DOI: 10.1021/pr500656z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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The
gene DTNBP1 encodes the protein dysbindin and is among the
most promising and highly investigated schizophrenia-risk genes. Accumulating
evidence suggests that dysbindin plays an important role in the regulation
of neuroplasticity. Dysbindin was reported to be a stable component
of BLOC-1 complex in the cytosol. However, little is known about the
endogenous dysbindin-containing complex in the brain synaptosome.
In this study, we investigated the associated proteome of dysbindin
in the P2 synaptosome fraction of mouse brain. Our data suggest that
dysbindin has three isoforms associating with different complexes
in the P2 fraction of mouse brain. To facilitate immunopurification,
BAC transgenic mice expressing a tagged dysbindin were generated,
and 47 putative dysbindin-associated proteins, including all components
of BLOC-1, were identified by mass spectrometry in the dysbindin-containing
complex purified from P2. The interactions of several selected candidates,
including WDR11, FAM91A1, snapin, muted, pallidin, and two proteasome
subunits, PSMD9 and PSMA4, were verified by coimmunoprecipitation.
The specific proteasomal activity is significantly reduced in the
P2 fraction of the brains of the dysbindin-null mutant (sandy) mice.
Our data suggest that dysbindin is functionally interrelated to the
ubiquitin-proteasome system and offer a molecular repertoire for future
study of dysbindin functional networks in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan J Han
- National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Milanović D, Pešić V, Popić J, Tanić N, Kanazir S, Jevtović-Todorović V, Ruždijić S. Propofol anesthesia induces proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor-α and pro-nerve growth factor signaling and prosurvival Akt and XIAP expression in neonatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:1362-73. [PMID: 24827783 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previously we observed that prolonged exposure to propofol anesthesia causes caspase-3- and calpain-mediated neuronal death in the developing brain. The present study examines the effects of propofol anesthesia on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), pro-nerve growth factor (NGF), and their receptors in the cortex and the thalamus. We also investigated how propofol influences the expression of Akt and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression, proteins that promote prosurvival pathways. Seven-day-old rats (P7) were exposed to propofol anesthesia lasting 2, 4, or 6 hr and killed 0, 4, 16, or 24 hr after anesthesia termination. The relative levels of mRNA and protein expression were estimated by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The treatments caused marked activation of TNFα and its receptor TNFR-1 and pro-NGF and p75(NTR) receptor expression. In parallel with the induction of these prodeath signals, we established that propofol anesthesia promotes increased expression of the prosurvival molecules pAkt and XIAP during the 24-hr postanesthesia period. These results show that different brain structures respond to propofol anesthesia with a time- and duration of exposure-dependent increase in proapoptotic signaling and with concomitant increases in activities of prosurvival proteins. We hypothesized that the fine balance between these opposing processes sustains homeostasis in the immature rat brain and prevents unnecessary damage after exposure to an injurious stimulus. The existence of this highly regulated process provides a time frame for potential therapeutic intervention directed toward suppressing the deleterious component of propofol anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desanka Milanović
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
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48
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Latchney SE, Masiulis I, Zaccaria KJ, Lagace DC, Powell CM, McCasland JS, Eisch AJ. Developmental and adult GAP-43 deficiency in mice dynamically alters hippocampal neurogenesis and mossy fiber volume. Dev Neurosci 2014; 36:44-63. [PMID: 24576816 DOI: 10.1159/000357840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a presynaptic protein that plays key roles in axonal growth and guidance and in modulating synapse formation. Previous work has demonstrated that mice lacking one allele of this gene (GAP-43+/- mice) exhibit hippocampal structural abnormalities, impaired spatial learning and stress-induced behavioral withdrawal and anxiety, behaviors that are dependent on proper hippocampal circuitry and function. Given the correlation between hippocampal function, synaptic connectivity and neurogenesis, we tested if behaviorally naïve GAP-43+/- mice had alterations in either neurogenesis or synaptic connectivity in the hippocampus during early postnatal development and young adulthood, and following behavior testing in older adults. To test our hypothesis, we examined hippocampal cell proliferation (Ki67), number of immature neuroblasts (doublecortin, DCX) and mossy fiber volume (synaptoporin) in behaviorally naïve postnatal day 9 (P9) and P26, and behaviorally experienced 5- to 7-month-old GAP-43+/- and +/+ littermate mice. P9 GAP-43+/- mice had fewer Ki67+ and DCX+ cells compared to +/+ mice, particularly in the posterior dentate gyrus, and smaller mossy fiber volume in the same region. In young adulthood, however, male GAP-43+/- mice had more Ki67+ and DCX+ cells and greater mossy fiber volume in the posterior dentate gyrus relative to male +/+ mice. These increases were not seen in females. In 5- to 7-month-old GAP-43+/- mice (whose behaviors were the focus of our prior publication), there was no global change in the number of proliferating or immature neurons relative to +/+ mice. However, more detailed analysis revealed fewer proliferative DCX+ cells in the anterior dentate gyrus of male GAP-43+/- mice compared to male +/+ mice. This reduction was not observed in females. These results suggest that young GAP-43+/- mice have decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity, but slightly older mice have greater hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity. In conjunction with our previous study, these findings suggest that GAP-43 is dynamically involved in early postnatal and adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic connectivity, possibly contributing to the GAP-43+/- behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Latchney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex., USA
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