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Buján S, Pontillo C, Miret N, Leguizamón MA, Chiappini F, Cocca C, Randi A. Triple negative breast cancer cells exposed to aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos activate endothelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111096. [PMID: 38844257 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is currently one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. The mechanisms by which pesticides can increase breast cancer risk are multiple and complex. We have previously observed that two aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists ‒pesticides hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and chlorpyrifos (CPF)‒ act on tumor progression, stimulating cell migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in animal models. Elevated levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are found in malignant breast tumors, and HIF-1α is known to induce proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are fundamental in breast cancer progression. In this work, we studied HCB (0.005, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 μM) and CPF (0.05, 0.5, 5 and 50 μM) action on the expression of these proangiogenic factors in triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231, as well as the effect of their conditioned medium (CM) on endothelial cells. Exposure to pesticides increased HIF-1α and VEGF protein expression in an AhR-dependent manner. In addition, HCB and CPF boosted NOS-2 and COX-2 content and VEGF secretion in MDA-MB-231 cells. The treatment of endothelial cells with CM from tumor cells exposed to pesticides increased cell proliferation, migration, and tubule formation, enhancing both tubule length and branching points. Of note, these effects were VEGF-dependent, as they were blocked in the presence of a VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitor. In sum, our results highlight the harmful impact of HCB and CPF in modulating the interaction between breast cancer and endothelial cells and promoting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noelia Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Agustina Leguizamón
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Cocca
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Arnaud J, Weykamp C, Wenzel R, Patriarca M, González-Estecha M, Janssen L, Fofou-Caillierez MB, Alemany MV, Patriarca V, de Graaf I, Persoons R, Panadès M, China B, Winkel MT, van der Vuurst H, Thelen M. Analytical performance specifications for trace elements in biological fluids derived from six countries federated external quality assessment schemes over 10 years. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0551. [PMID: 39027966 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This article defines analytical performance specifications (APS) for evaluating laboratory proficiency through an external quality assessment scheme. METHODS Standard deviations for proficiency assessment were derived from Thompson's characteristic function applied to robust data calculated from participants' submissions in the Occupational and Environmental Laboratory Medicine (OELM) external quality assurance scheme for trace elements in serum, whole blood and urine. Characteristic function was based on two parameters: (1) β - the average coefficient of variation (CV) at high sample concentrations; (2) α - the average standard deviation (SD) at low sample concentrations. APSs were defined as 1.65 standard deviations calculated by Thompson's approach. Comparison between OELM robust data and characteristic function were used to validate the model. RESULTS Application of the characteristic function allowed calculated APS for 18 elements across three matrices. Some limitations were noted, particularly for elements (1) with no sample concentrations near analytical technique limit of detection; (2) exhibiting high robust CV at high concentration; (3) exhibiting high analytical variability such as whole blood Tl and urine Pb; (4) with an unbalanced number of robust SD above and under the characteristic function such as whole blood Mn and serum Al and Zn. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic function was a useful means of deriving APS for trace elements in biological fluids where biological variation data or outcome studies were not available. However, OELM external quality assurance scheme data suggests that the characteristic functions are not appropriate for all elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Arnaud
- Member of French Society for Clinical Biology (SFBC), and French Speaking Society for Trace Elements, Vitamins and Biofactors (SETViB), Paris, France
| | - Cas Weykamp
- MCA Laboratory, Queen Beatrix Hospital, Winterswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Ross Wenzel
- Pathology NSW, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Marina Patriarca
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Liesbeth Janssen
- MCA Laboratory, Queen Beatrix Hospital, Winterswijk, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Valeria Patriarca
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene de Graaf
- MCA Laboratory, Queen Beatrix Hospital, Winterswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Renaud Persoons
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, Grenoble, France
| | - Mariona Panadès
- External Quality Assessment Schemes, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernard China
- Department of Quality of Laboratories, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marieke Te Winkel
- MCA Laboratory, Queen Beatrix Hospital, Winterswijk, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marc Thelen
- Foundation of Quality Assurance in Laboratory Medicine (SKML), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hopf NB, De Luca HP, Borgatta M, Koch HM, Pälmke C, Benedetti M, Berthet A, Reale E. Human skin absorption of three phthalates. Toxicol Lett 2024; 398:38-48. [PMID: 38880306 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Population studies reveal widespread exposure to phthalates. Understanding their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is vital to reduce exposure. However, data on skin absorption remain limited. We thus aim to characterize the skin permeation of three phthalates in a mixture, neat or in emulsion; di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (d4-DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (d4-DBP), and diethyl phthalate (d4-DEP), by comparing in vitro human skin (800 µm) permeation (24 hours) results using flow-through diffusion cells with urine results obtained from volunteers exposed to the same mixture applied to a forearm (40 cm2). Metabolites were analyzed in receptor fluids and urine. Phthalates crossed the skin barrier and metabolized into monoesters before elimination. Increased permeation was observed for phthalates in emulsion compared to neat substances, with polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the receptor fluid enhancing emulsion permeation, but not affecting neat substances. In vitro results mirrored in vivo findings: DEP showed rapid permeation (J: ∼2 ug/cm2/h) and urinary excretion peaking at six hours post-application, whereas DBP exhibited slower kinetics (J: ∼0.1 ug/cm2/h), with a urinary peak at 15-17 hours post-application. DEHP had minimal permeation (J: ∼0.0002 ug/cm2/h) with no observable urinary peak. These findings underscore the importance of comprehending phthalate skin absorption for effective exposure mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel.
| | - Hélène P De Luca
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel
| | - Myriam Borgatta
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Claudia Pälmke
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Manon Benedetti
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Berthet
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel
| | - Elena Reale
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel
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Zebbiche Y, Amziane A, Achouri MY, Aries S, Abdennour S, Islam CA, Lalaouna A, Alamir B. Blood Lead Levels in the Population Living in Algeria: A Cross-Sectional National Study. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 112:85. [PMID: 38853161 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Lead poisoning, is currently recognized as a real public health problem, The WHO classifies lead as one of 10 chemicals of serious public health concern. In Algeria and North Africa, to date, no study on the evaluation of lead impregnation has been carried out at the national level. The main objective of this work is to assess the exposure of the general Algerian population to lead. A cross-sectional study was carried out over the entire Algerian national territory, on a population aged between 3 and 74 years old. The survey lasted three years, A questionnaire, a clinical examination and a blood sample were carried out for each individual. Generalized linear regression models were used to determine the factors influencing lead levels measured in blood samples. The study population, spread over 39 wilayas and 121 districts, consists of 3674 individuals. The mean lead levels were 28.27 μg/L, the median was 22.22 μg/L, and the 95th percentile was 73.83 μg/L, Blood lead levels were influenced differently by age, gender, wilaya of residence, dietary habits such as consumption of canned food and the way in which water is conserved for daily consumption. The use of kohl has been confirmed as a potential source of lead exposure. In Algeria, a blood lead value of 75 µg/L serves as the Reference Exposure Value, guiding public health responses and risk management strategies, Recommendations have been issued to reduce the blood lead levels of the general population in Algeria in terms of limitation of lead in the sources of exposure, installation of an effective health monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Zebbiche
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Algiers1, Algiers, Algeria.
- National Center of Toxicology Algiers, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Ahmed Amziane
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Algiers1, Algiers, Algeria
- National Center of Toxicology Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | - Sami Aries
- National Center of Toxicology Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Sara Abdennour
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Chebli Akli Islam
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | | | - Barkahoum Alamir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Algiers1, Algiers, Algeria
- National Center of Toxicology Algiers, Algiers, Algeria
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Nguyen HD. Effects of mixed heavy metals on obstructive lung function: findings from epidemiological and toxicogenomic data. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8663-8683. [PMID: 37700191 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01746-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms and associations of mixed heavy metals (lead, mercury, and cadmium) on obstructive lung function (OLF) in males and females remain unknown. Here, we evaluated the interaction between the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio and three common heavy metals in males and females (n = 6221). Molecular processes involved in OLF development caused by mixed heavy metals were also identified to corroborate the earlier findings. In both males and females, as well as across the entire population, we found that serum cadmium levels were inversely related to the FEV1/FVC ratio. Interactions between serum cadmium and lead, as well as cadmium and mercury, were observed in relation to the FEV1/FVC ratio. Additionally, we observed negative correlations between the FEV1/FVC ratio and mixed serum cadmium, lead, and mercury in both men and women as well as in the overall population. Seven genes were identified as contributing to the etiology of OLF and targeted by combined heavy metals in silico analysis (CYP1A1, CRP, CXCL8, HMOX1, IL6, NOS2, and TNF). The primary relationships between these genes were co-expression interactions. The significant transcription factors and miRNAs associated with OLF and a combination of the examined heavy metals were identified as NFKB2, hsa-miR-155-5p, and hsa-miR-203a-3p. The main biological processes involved in the emergence of OLF induced by mixed heavy metals were listed as inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, lung fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as cytokine activity, monooxygenase activity, oxidoreductase activity, and interleukin-8 production. Threshold estimations and miRNA sponge patterns for heavy metal exposure levels associated with OLF were evaluated for both males and females. This study found that cadmium plays the most important role in the mixture of cadmium, lead, and mercury in the pathogenesis of OLF. Future studies are required to verify our findings and uncover the molecular mechanisms of long-term exposure to a variety of heavy metals, especially cadmium, in other populations, including children, adolescents, and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Styszko K, Pamuła J, Pac A, Sochacka-Tatara E. Biomarkers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human excreta: recent advances in analytical techniques-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7099-7113. [PMID: 37530922 PMCID: PMC10517897 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental pollutants that are generated by the incomplete combustion of organic materials. The main anthropogenic sources of PAHs are the combustion of solid fuels for heating purposes, illegal waste incineration, road transport and industries based on fossil fuels. PAHs can easily enter the body because they are present in all elements of the environment, including water, soil, air, and food. Due to their ubiquitous presence, PAHs, may exert a harmful effect on human health. Assessing PAH exposure through biomonitoring mostly involve techniques to measure the concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine. Nevertheless, through recent progress in analytical techniques, other common metabolites of PAHs in human biospecimens can be detected. A scientific literature search was conducted to determine which hydroxy derivatives of PAHs are markers of PAHs exposure and to reveal the leading sources of these compounds. Techniques for analyzing biological samples to identify OH-PAHs are also discussed. The most frequently determined OH-PAH in human urine is 1-hydroxypyrene, the concentration of which reaches up to a dozen ng/L in urine. Apart from this compound, the most frequently determined biomarkers were naphthalene and fluorene metabolites. The highest concentrations of 1- and 2-hydroxynaphthalene, as well as 2-hydroxyfluorene, are associated with occupational exposure and reach approximately 30 ng/L in urine. High molecular weight PAH metabolites have been identified in only a few studies. To date, PAH metabolites in feces have been analyzed only in animal models for PAH exposure. The most frequently used analytical method is HPLC-FLD. However, compared to liquid chromatography, the LOD for gas chromatography methods is at least one order of magnitude lower. The hydroxy derivatives naphthalene and fluorene may also serve as indicators of PAH exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Styszko
- Department of Coal Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Justyna Pamuła
- Department of Geoengineering and Water Management, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pac
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Sochacka-Tatara
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Lee F, Gallo MV, Schell LM, Jennings J, Lawrence DA, On The Environment ATF. Exposure of Akwesasne Mohawk women to polychlorinated biphenyls and hexachlorobenzene is associated with increased serum levels of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:597-613. [PMID: 37335069 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2226685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p'-DDT) were reported to influence immunological activity. As endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC), these pollutants may disrupt normal thyroid function and act as catalysts for development of autoimmune thyroid disease by directly and indirectly affecting levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs). Native American communities are disproportionately exposed to harmful toxicants and are at an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was to determine the association between POPs and TPOAbs in serum obtained from Native American women. This assessment was used to measure whether increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease occurred as a result of exposure to POPs. Data were collected from 183 Akwesasne Mohawk women, 21-38 years of age, between 2009 and 2013. Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the association between toxicant exposure and levels of TPOAbs. In multiple logistic regression analyses, exposure to PCB congener 33 was related to elevated risk of individuals possessing above normal levels of TPOAbs. Further, HCB was associated with more than 2-fold higher risk of possessing above normal levels of TPOAbs compared to women with normal levels of TPOAbs. p,p'-DDE was not associated with TPOAb levels within this study. Exposure to PCB congener 33 and HCB was correlated with above normal levels of TPOAbs, a marker of autoimmune thyroid disease. Additional investigations are needed to establish the causes and factors surrounding autoimmune thyroid disease which are multiple and complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lee
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mia V Gallo
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
- Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schell
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
- Center for the Elimination of Minority Health Disparities, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Julia Jennings
- Department of Anthropology, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center/New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Biomedical Sciences and Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
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McClam M, Liu J, Fan Y, Zhan T, Zhang Q, Porter DE, Scott GI, Xiao S. Associations between exposure to cadmium, lead, mercury and mixtures and women's infertility and long-term amenorrhea. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:161. [PMID: 37626359 PMCID: PMC10463686 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) have been shown to exhibit endocrine disrupting properties. Their effects on women's reproductive health, however, remain elusive. Here, we investigated associations between blood concentrations of Pb, Cd, Hg, and their mixture and infertility and long-term amenorrhea in women aged 20-49 years using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018 cross-sectional survey. METHODS A total of 1,990 women were included for the analysis of infertility and 1,919 women for long-term amenorrhea. The methods of log-transformation and use of quartiles were used to analyze blood heavy metal concentrations. Statistical differences in the covariates between the outcome groups were evaluated using a chi-squared test for categorical variables and a t-test for continuous variables. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations. RESULTS The blood concentrations of Pb and heavy metal mixtures were significantly higher in ever-infertile women than pregnant women, but the concentrations of Cd and Hg were comparable. After full adjustment, multiple logistic regression analyses revealed a significant and dose-dependent positive association between blood Pb concentrations and women's historical infertility, a negative association between Cd and women's long-term amenorrhea, and no associations between Hg and heavy metal mixture and women's infertility or long-term amenorrhea. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that exposure to heavy metals exhibit differential associations with history of infertility and amenorrhea, and Pb may adversely impact women's reproduction and heighten the risks of infertility and long-term amenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria McClam
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Yihan Fan
- Master of Public Health in Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tingjie Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Rm 406, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dwayne E Porter
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Geoffrey I Scott
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Shuo Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Rm 406, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
- Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Sun W, Dai B, Hong L, Zhang H. The risk of dental restoration-related lead exposure on renal function. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139405. [PMID: 37399997 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between oral restoration count, blood lead (PbB) level, and renal function as potential heavy metal releases, and the related toxicity of dental restorative materials. METHODS A total of 3682 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (January 2017 to March 2020) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. We utilized multivariable linear regression models to investigate the associations between the number of oral restorations and PbB levels or renal function. The mediating effect of PbB on renal function indicators was analyzed using the R mediation package. RESULTS Based on the indicators of 3682 participants, we found that the elderly, females, and whites were fit with more oral restoration, which was accompanied by increased PbB levels and decreased renal function. Meanwhile, oral restoration count was positively associated with PbB level (β = 0.023, 95% CI: -0.020 to 0.027), renal function-related urine albumin creatinine ratio (β = 1.541, 95% CI: 0.615-2.468), serum uric acid level (β = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.017), and serum creatinine level, and negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (β = -0.804, 95% CI: -0.880 to -0.728). Furthermore, the mediation effect test confirmed that PbB played a mediating role in the relationship between restoration count and serum uric acid or eGFR, with mediation effects accounting for 98.0% and 71.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Oral restoration negatively affects renal function. Oral restoration-related PbB level is a potential mediating factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wansu Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bichong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lilin Hong
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hengguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Dental Implantology, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Zhang M, Wang L, Li X, Song L, Luo D, Li Q, Wang Y, Wan Z, Mei S. Individual and mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides exposure in relation to metabolic syndrome among Chinese adults. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162935. [PMID: 36934926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are commonly detected in humans due to their persistence and bioaccumulation, and are suspected risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, most studies have focused on individual rather than combined exposure. We explored the associations between individual and combined PCBs/OCPs exposure and MetS to better assess the health effects of PCBs and OCPs. This cross-sectional study included 1996 adults from Wuhan, China. A total of 338 participants fulfilled criteria for MetS. Eight PCBs and OCPs were detected in >50 % of the samples. Most of the hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the serum were derived from the recent environmental input of lindane, while the high levels of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) were mainly due to historical use. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that β-HCH, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), PCB-52, PCB-153, and PCB-180 were positively correlated with increased odds of MetS. The profiles of the PCBs and OCPs associated with the different components of MetS were distinct. Furthermore, quantile-based g computation (qgcomp) analyses showed that PCB and OCP mixtures were positively associated with the risk of MetS, and p,p'-DDE was the largest contributor to our model. These findings suggest that PCB and OCP concentrations, both individually and as mixtures, are associated with MetS risk. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Limei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD., Wuhan Wanda Center, No 96 Linjiang Avenue, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD., Wuhan Wanda Center, No 96 Linjiang Avenue, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengce Wan
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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11
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Chung JW, Acharya D, Singh JK, Sakong J. Association of Blood Mercury Level with Liver Enzymes in Korean Adults: An Analysis of 2015-2017 Korean National Environmental Health Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3290. [PMID: 36833981 PMCID: PMC9962598 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Increased liver enzymes as a result of exposure to mercury and their toxic effects are not well understood in Korea at the population level. The effect of blood mercury concentration on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was evaluated after adjusting for sex, age, obesity, alcohol consumption habit, smoking, and exercise parameters in 3712 adults. The risk of abnormal liver function was measured using a multiple logistic regression analysis. Blood mercury concentration was divided into quartiles, and liver enzyme levels were compared for each quartile. ALT and AST levels were 10-20% higher in the second, third, and fourth quartiles compared to the first quartile. The risk of liver dysfunction or elevated liver enzymes was significantly higher in the second, third, and fourth quartiles than in the first quartile. As blood mercury levels increased, liver enzymes and mercury-induced hepatotoxicity increased. The increase in liver enzymes caused by mercury was more pronounced in the low-mercury concentration range. To reduce the long-standing problem of abnormal liver enzymes and liver function in Korea and other similar settings, it is important to decrease exposure to mercury through effective implementation of specific health and environmental strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wook Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu 41931, Republic of Korea
| | - Dilaram Acharya
- Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montréal, QC H4R 2W7, Canada
| | - Jitendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Janaki Medical College, Tribhuvan University, Janakpur 456000, Nepal
| | - Joon Sakong
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
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12
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Barlow NL, Bradberry SM. Investigation and monitoring of heavy metal poisoning. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:82-97. [PMID: 36600633 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2021-207793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Historically, heavy metal measurement and interpretation has been a highly specialised area performed only in a handful of centres within the UK. However, recent years have seen a move to more local testing due to the repatriation of referred work into pathology networks and the increased availability of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technology. While management of significant poisoning is still overseen by tertiary care poisoning specialists, management of milder cases may be undertaken locally.Non-specialist clinical scientists and clinicians need to know when heavy metal testing is appropriate, which samples are required (and any specific requirements around collection) and how to interpret and act on the results.This Best Practice article provides guidance on the investigation and monitoring of the toxic elements most frequently encountered in general medical practice; lead, mercury and arsenic. It is intended as a reference guide for the non-specialist and as a comprehensive summary for clinical toxicologists and clinical scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Barlow
- Clinical Biochemistry, Black Country Pathology Services, West Bromwich, UK
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13
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Seo MN, Eom SY, Lim JA, Lee JE, Choi BS, Kwon HJ, Hong YS, Kim H, Park JD. Effects of Environmental Cadmium Exposure on the Liver in Korean Adults: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 84:237-247. [PMID: 36658405 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-00982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant with an exceptionally long biological half-life. The liver is a major organ for Cd metabolism, but the toxicity of Cd is unclear. This study sought to determine whether blood Cd (BCd) level (representing recent exposure [months] to Cd) was associated with liver function in Korean adults, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The baseline cross-sectional study involved 2,086 adults (male: 908, female: 1,178) in 2010 - 2011, and 503 of them (male: 207, female: 296) were followed up in 2014 - 2015. BCd was measured by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, and liver function indices (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and γ-glutamyltransferase [GGT]) were determined. Liver damage was defined as an abnormal elevation of more than one liver function index. The geometric mean of BCd (1.07 μg/L) was higher in females than in males (1.16 vs. 0.96 μg/L). Liver function indices increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner according to the BCd levels, except for ALT in males, and were higher in males than in females. BCd level was also associated with the risk of liver damage in both sexes. No significant changes in BCd were observed between baseline and follow-up. The liver function indices in 2014 - 2015 were comparable to those in 2010 - 2011 in males, while ALT and GGT were significantly increased in 2014 - 2015 compared to 2010 - 2011 in females with relatively high BCd. These findings suggest that even a low level of environmental Cd exposure, short- and long-term, may affect liver function, and females appear more susceptible than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Seo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Eom
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-Si, 28644, Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Lim
- Graduate School of Public Administration and Law, Dankook University, Yongin-Si, 16890, Korea
| | - Jung-Eum Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-Si, 31116, Korea
| | | | - Heon Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-Si, 28644, Korea
| | - Jung-Duck Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea.
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Nguyen HD. Interactions between heavy metals and sleep duration among pre-and postmenopausal women: A current approach to molecular mechanisms involved. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120607. [PMID: 36347409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effects of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and mercury) and their mixtures on sleep duration in pre-and postmenopausal women, particularly the molecular mechanisms, remain unknown. Here, we assessed the interaction between heavy metals and sleep duration among pre-and postmenopausal women (n = 1134). Furthermore, molecular mechanisms related to sleep disorders induced by studied heavy metals were further analyzed to support the previous findings. We found that serum lead levels were positively related to weekend and weekday sleep duration in premenopausal women. There were interactions between serum lead and mercury and menopausal status for sleep duration. Serum lead and mercury levels were shown to be inversely related to sleep duration in postmenopausal women. Despite the lack of statistically significant associations between mixed heavy metals and sleep duration, there were increasing trends in premenopausal women's sleeping patterns and decreasing trends in postmenopausal women's sleeping patterns. In silico analysis, IL1B, hsa-21-5p, hsa-887-3p, hsa-877-3p, and NR4A1 were identified as the most relevant genes, miRNAs, and transcription factors linked with sleep disorders induced by combined heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and mercury). Furthermore, "type 1 melanocortin receptor binding," "endocrine hormone secretion," "interleukin-1 receptor antagonist activity," "altered melanocortin system," and "sleep wake disorders" were identified as the predominant molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of sleep disorders induced by the studied heavy metals. Cut off point values and miRNA sponge templates for heavy metal exposure levels relevant to sleep disorders in pre- and postmenopausal women were reported. Future research is needed to verify our findings and provide insight into the molecular processes of long-term mixed heavy metal exposure in various populations, such as children and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Nguyen HD, Kim MS. Effects of heavy metals on cardiovascular diseases in pre and post-menopausal women: from big data to molecular mechanism involved. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:77635-77655. [PMID: 35676585 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To assess the link between a mixed heavy metal (cadmium, lead, and mercury) and the 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in pre- and post-menopausal Korean women aged ≥20 years, as well as identify potential molecular mechanisms of mixed heavy metal-induced CVDs. Multivariate linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (gqcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to examine the effects of mixed heavy metals and the 10-year risk of CVDs. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, MicroRNA ENrichment TURned NETwork, and the microRNA sponge generator and tester were used as the key data-mining approaches. In our BKMR analysis, we found that the overall effect of mixed heavy metals was linked to the 10-year risk of CVDs in postmenopausal women in the upper 20th percentiles and in premenopausal women in the upper 55th percentiles. Mercury was identified as the key chemical for the 10-year risk of CVDs in pre- and postmenopausal women. In silico analysis revealed that a heavy metal mixture interacted with six genes associated with CVD development. Physical interactions (77.6%) were found to be the most common among CVD-related genes induced by the heavy metals studied. Several pathways have been identified as the main molecular mechanisms that could be affected by studied heavy metals and are implicated in the development of CVDs (e.g., lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, and cardiovascular disease). ALB, APOE, ATF5, and CREB3L3 were the key genes and transcription factors related to CVDs induced by the mixture of the investigated heavy metals, respectively. The two miRNAs with the highest interaction and expression in the development of CVDs were hsa-miR-199a-5p and hsa-miR-199a-3p. We also designed and tested miRNA sponge sequences for these miRNAs. The cutoff thresholds for each heavy metal level linked with the 10-year risk of CVDs were described. A mixture of heavy metal exposures, especially mercury, was more strongly linked with the 10-year risk of CVDs in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. Early interventions in postmenopausal women should be considered to reduce CVD risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Nguyen HD, Kim MS. Effects of chemical mixtures on liver function biomarkers in the Korean adult population: thresholds and molecular mechanisms for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease involved. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:78555-78587. [PMID: 35696061 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a scarcity of research on the effects of a mixture of chemicals on liver function biomarkers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) indices, including FSI, HIS, and FBI-4. Thus, we aimed to explore whether there is an association between chemical mixtures, including 26 chemicals found in blood and urine, liver function biomarkers, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) indices in Korean adults. The effects of exposure to chemical mixtures on liver function biomarkers and NAFLD indices were investigated using linear regression models, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) among 3669 adults. In silico toxicogenomic data-mining, we evaluated molecular mechanisms associated with NAFLD, including pathways, diseases, genes, miRNAs, and biological processes. The linear regression models showed blood or urine Hg levels were the most important factors associated with AST, ALT, GGT, FSI, and HSI levels, and significant trends were observed for these chemical quartiles (p < 0.01). The WQS index was significantly associated with ALT, GGT, FSI, and HSI. The qgcomp index also found an association between chemicals and AST, ALT, GGT, and FSI. In the BKMR model, the overall effect of the mixture was significantly related to ALT, GGT, FSI, and HSI. In silico analysis, we found mixed chemicals interacted with the CYP1A2 gene and were associated with NAFLD. Seventy-eight percent of interactions were identified as physical interactions in the CYP1A2 gene related to NAFLD. Transcription factor regulation in adipogenesis and lipid metabolic processes are fundamental molecular mechanisms that could be influenced by NAFLD-related mixed chemicals. Cutoff thresholds for chemical exposure levels associated with liver function indicators and NAFLD indices were also reported. The strongest interactions and expression of miRNAs involved in NAFLD development were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Nguyen HD, Kim MS. Cadmium, lead, and mercury mixtures interact with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 309:119780. [PMID: 35841990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a scarcity of studies on the interactions between heavy metals and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Using a variety of statistical approaches, we investigated the impact of three common heavy metals on liver enzymes and NAFLD markers in a Korean adult population. We observed that cadmium, mercury, and lead all demonstrated positive correlations with liver enzymes and NAFLD indices. Our findings were mostly robust in secondary analysis, which included three novel mixture modeling approaches (WQS, qgcomp, and BKMR) as well as in silico investigation of molecular mechanisms (genes, miRNAs, biological processes, pathways, and illnesses). The 16 genes interacted with a mixture of heavy metals, which was linked to the development of NAFLD. Co-expression was discovered in nearly half of the interactions between the 18 NAFLD-linked genes. Key molecular pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD generated by the heavy metal combination include activated oxidative stress, altered lipid metabolism, and increased cytokines and inflammatory response. Heavy metal exposure levels were related to liver enzymes and NAFLD indices, and cutoff criteria were revealed. More studies are needed to validate our findings and gain knowledge about the effects of chronic combined heavy metal exposure on adult and child liver function and the likelihood of developing NAFLD. To reduce the occurrence of NAFLD, early preventative and regulatory actions (half-yearly screening of workers at high-risk facilities; water filtration; avoiding excessive amounts of seafood, etc.) should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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Mohamed SR, Fadl HA, Tork I, Omar T, El-Barrany U, Elshatory A. Complex Profile of Altered Heavy Metals Accumulation in Multiple Sclerosis, a Relationship with Copper and Zinc Homeostasis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.10415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating inflammatory disease of the central nervous system white matter. Both of environmental and genetic factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Heavy metals generate free radicals causing alteration in genetic material and blood-brain barrier damage. In addition, intracellular accumulation of certain heavy metals can trigger autoimmune reaction against myelin proteins and nerves cytoskeletal proteins.
AIM: We aimed to analyse complex profile of altered heavy metals accumulation in multiple sclerosis and relationship with copper and zinc homeostasis.
METHODS: The present study was carried out in the period between September 2019 and May 2021 on 86 MS Egyptian patients and 86 age and gender matched healthy controls. Whole blood levels of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and Cadmium (Cd) in microgram/liter (μg/L) in addition to Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) in milligram/liter (mg/L) were quantitated using the Agilent ICP-MS-MS. The current study also discussed physiological-toxic metals interactions in these patients.
RESULTS: We demonstrated significant relations between toxic heavy metals levels and MS suggested by significantly higher levels of Pb, Hg, and Cd and significantly lower levels of Zn and Cu as well as Cu/ Zn in MS patients than controls. Besides, it could be assumed that; physiological heavy metals homeostasis limits the accumulation of toxic heavy metals that share absorption and transport binding sites, suggested by the significant negative correlations between whole blood levels of Cu and both of Hg and Pb.
CONCLUSION: A complex profile of altered elements rather than a single element imbalance in MS pathogenesis is suggested.
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Nguyen HD, Oh H, Kim MS. The effects of chemical mixtures on lipid profiles in the Korean adult population: threshold and molecular mechanisms for dyslipidemia involved. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:39182-39208. [PMID: 35099691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A scarcity of research assesses the effects of exposure to a combination of chemicals on lipid profiles as well as molecular mechanisms related to dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study of 3692 adults aims to identify the association between chemical mixtures, including blood and urine 26 chemicals, and lipid profiles among Korean adults (aged ≥ 18) using linear regression models, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). In silico toxicogenomic data-mining, we assessed molecular mechanisms linked with dyslipidemia, including genes, miRNAs, pathways, biological processes, and diseases. In the linear regression models, heavy metals, volatile organic compound metabolites, and phthalate metabolites were found to be related to HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C, total lipids, and total cholesterol, and significant trends were observed for these chemical quartiles (p < 0.01). The WQS index was significantly linked with HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C, total cholesterol, and total lipids. The qgcomp index also found a significant association between chemicals and HDL-C, triglycerides, and total lipids. In BKMR analysis, the overall effect of the chemical mixture was significantly associated with HDL-C, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total lipids. We found that mixed chemicals interacted with the PPARA gene and were linked with dyslipidemia. Several pathways ("SREBF and miR33 in cholesterol," "estrogen receptor pathway and lipid homeostasis," and "regulation of PGC-1α"), "negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process," "negative regulation of sequestering of triglycerides," "regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process," and "negative regulation of cholesterol storage," and "abdominal obesity metabolic syndrome" were identified as key molecular mechanisms that may be affected by mixed chemicals and implicated in the development of dyslipidemia. The highest interaction and expression of miRNAs involved in the process of dyslipidemia were also described. Especially, the cutoff levels for chemical exposure levels related to lipid profiles were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Bartel-Steinbach M, Lermen D, Gwinner F, Schäfer M, Göen T, Conrad A, Weber T, von Briesen H, Kolossa-Gehring M. Long-term monitoring of mercury in young German adults: Time trend analyses from the German Environmental Specimen Bank, 1995-2018. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112592. [PMID: 34973943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As highlighted in the Minamata Convention, Mercury (Hg) in its various forms poses a substantial risk to human health and the environment. The health relevance of Hg is also recognized by the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), which classifies Hg as a priority substance, since considerable knowledge and data gaps on Hg exposure levels and their changes over time still exist in Europe. The German Environmental Specimen Bank (German ESB) provides valuable policy relevant data and long-term trends of substance exposure on a national level for international comparison and evaluation. In this study we analysed data of the German ESB on Hg exposure of young adults aged 20 to 29 including data on urinary Hg levels from 1995 to 2018 and whole blood Hg levels from 2001 to 2010. Results show a clear decrease in both, about 86% in urine total daily Hg excretion from 1995 (0.76 μg/L) to 2018 (0.11 μg/L) (n = 10,069) and about 57% in blood concentrations of Hg from 2001 (1.76 μg/L) to 2010 (0.77 μg/L) (n = 4085). Over the investigated timeframe only a few values exceeded the toxicologically derived health based guidance value HBM I for blood and urine, with these exceedances decreasing over time in line with the general trend. The factors mostly influencing Hg excretion identified in this study are dental amalgam as well as fish and seafood consumption. Besides other factors (e.g. age and sex), also airborne Hg exposure appears to be a low but evident influencing factor in Germany. Although a considerable decrease in internal Hg exposure is recognized in the last decades, the current low-level exposure may cause adverse health effects especially to vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children. To further elucidate and evaluate current exposure sources and to reduce human exposure to Hg, continuous environmental and human biomonitoring is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Lermen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Frederik Gwinner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Moritz Schäfer
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Conrad
- German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen von Briesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
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Chiappini F, Ceballos L, Olivares C, Bastón JI, Miret N, Pontillo C, Zárate L, Singla JJ, Farina M, Meresman G, Randi A. Endocrine disruptor hexachlorobenzene induces cell migration and invasion, and enhances aromatase expression levels in human endometrial stromal cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 162:112867. [PMID: 35181438 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is the presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. Previous studies have suggested that endocrine disrupting chemicals such as organochlorine pesticides could be a risk factor for endometriosis. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a weak ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and promotes metalloproteinase and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, as well as, c-Src activation in human endometrial stromal cells (T-HESC) and in rat endometriosis model. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of HCB exposure on oestrogen receptor (ER) ɑ and β, progesterone receptor (PR) and aromatase expression, as well as, on cell migration and invasion in T-HESC and primary cultures of endometrial stromal cells from eutopic endometria of control subjects (ESC). Results show that HCB increases ERɑ and aromatase protein levels and reduces PR content in both T-HESC and ESC. However, the pesticide only increases ERβ expression in ESC, without changes in T-HESC. Moreover, cell migration and invasion are promoted by pesticide exposure involving the AhR, c-Src, COX-2 and ER pathways in T-HESC. HCB also triggers ERɑ activation via phosphorylation in Y537 through AhR/c-Src pathway. Our results provide experimental evidence that HCB induces alterations associated with endometriosis, suggesting that these mechanisms could contribute to pesticide exposure-induced endometriosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Leandro Ceballos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carla Olivares
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Ignacio Bastón
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Noelia Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Lorena Zárate
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - José Javier Singla
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Servicio de Ginecología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariana Farina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO)-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Placentaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela Meresman
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Endometrial, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Andrea Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kwon JA, Park E, Kim S, Kim B. Influence of serum ferritin combined with blood cadmium concentrations on blood pressure and hypertension: From the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132469. [PMID: 34619258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that cadmium (Cd) exposure and serum ferritin levels may influence the development of hypertension. OBJECTIVE We evaluated whether the association between blood Cd levels and the development of hypertension could be modified by serum ferritin levels in a representative sample of the adult population of South Korea. METHODS We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2012), a nationally representative, cross-sectional, population-based study. We included 5752 adults aged 19 years and older who had records of blood Cd and ferritin levels and blood pressure measurements. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between Cd exposure and the development of hypertension, as well as the modifying effects of serum ferritin. RESULTS Men had higher levels of serum ferritin, and women had higher levels of Cd. Smoking in men was significantly associated with high blood pressure and risk of hypertension. Significantly fewer women were smokers, and the combination of abnormal serum ferritin levels and high Cd levels was significantly associated with high systolic blood pressure [odds ratio (OR) = 2.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-4.28], high diastolic blood pressure (OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.04-4.12), and increased hypertension risk (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.03-3.25) in women who never smoked. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide further evidence that individuals with abnormal serum ferritin levels should limit their exposure to Cd to prevent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeoung A Kwon
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, 03722, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunjung Park
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungmi Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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Duc Nguyen H, Oh H, Kim MS. Association between exposure to chemical mixtures in relation to serum total IgE among adults 19-86 years old. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108428. [PMID: 34911030 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a scarcity of studies on the effects of mixed chemicals on total IgE. We aim to assess whether there is a link between chemical mixtures (blood and urine of 26 chemicals including lead, mercury, cadmium, t,t-muconic acid, benzylmercapturic acid , 1-hydroxypyrene, 2-naphthol, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate, mono-carboxy-isononly phthalate, mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, triclosan, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, and cotinine), and total IgE in 3,642 Korean adults aged ≥ 19. The effects of mixed chemical exposure on total IgE were identified using linear regression models, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The most relevant factors linked with IgE, according to the linear regression models, were blood or urine mercury and urine bisphenol A levels, with significant trends detected for these chemical tertiles (p < 0.01). The WQS index was significantly linked with ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE (β = 0.30, 95 %CI 0.25-0.32). The qgcomp index also found a significant link between chemicals and ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE (β = 0.52, 95 %CI 0.21-0.82), and elevated serum total IgE levels (OR = 2.55, 95 %CI 1.14-5.71). In BKMR analysis, the overall effect of the mixture was significantly associated with ln2-transformed levels of serum total IgE. The cutoff levels for exposure levels related to serum total IgE levels/elevated serum total IgE levels were reported. We discovered that whole-body exposure to 26 chemicals was associated with serum total IgE levels after assessing the findings of these four models. More research is needed in the future to gain a better understanding of the impact of mixed chemical exposure on allergic disorders and how to minimize chemical exposure, especially for people under the age of 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojin Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
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Fang CW, Ning HC, Huang YC, Chiang YS, Chuang CW, Wang IK, Fan NC, Weng CH, Huang WH, Hsu CW, Yen TH. Trend in blood lead levels in Taiwanese adults 2005-2017. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260744. [PMID: 34855854 PMCID: PMC8638909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the trend of blood lead levels (BLLs) in Taiwanese adults and analyzed the variations in the BLL between Linkou (northern) and Kaohsiung (southern) hospital branches. Between 2005 and 2017, 3,804 adult participants received blood lead tests at the Linkou (n = 2,674) and Kaohsiung (n = 1,130) branches of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. The geometric mean of BLL was 2.77 μg/dL. The adult participants from the Kaohsiung branch were not only age older (49.8±14.1 versus 39.4±14.2 years; P<0.001) and male predominant (65.8 versus 41.7%; P<0.001) but also showed a higher BLL (4.45±3.93 versus 2.82±2.42 μg/dL; P<0.001) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (87.62±25.94 versus 93.67±23.88; P<0.001) than those from the Linkou branch. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the Kaohsiung branch [odds ratio (OR): 7.143; 95% confident interval (CI): 5.682–8.929; P<0.001], older age (OR: 1.008; 95% CI: 1.000–1.015; P = 0.043) and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR: 1.009; 95% CI: 1.004–1.014; P = 0.001) were significant predictors for BLL > 5 μg/dL. Therefore, this study confirmed a continuous decreasing trend in the BLL in Taiwan after banning leaded petrol in 2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wan Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chen Ning
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ching Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shao Chiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chia Fan
- Division of Pediatric General Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Weng
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wei Hsu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Biomonitoring of Exposure to Metals in a Population Residing in an Industrial Area in Brazil: A Feasibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312455. [PMID: 34886190 PMCID: PMC8656667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Industries are sources of environmental pollutants. However, there are few human biomonitoring (HBM) studies in the vicinity of industrial areas. Thus, we evaluate the feasibility of conducting an HBM study to assess exposure to metals in an industrial area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted near a steel factory. Adults (exposed = 775; controls = 775) were randomly selected and sex-matched. Subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire and a 24 h dietary recall. Blood samples were collected to analyze metal concentrations, blood count, biochemical parameters, and thyroid hormones. The feasibility of the survey was assessed following guidelines. The descriptive analysis was performed for the first 250 participants (pilot study). Results: Adjustments were made to the survey execution, including age-matching, fieldwork team, questionnaire, blood collection, and research awareness. The complete questionnaire was answered by ≥97% of participants; metals were measured in ≥98% and clinical parameters in ≥89%, except thyroid hormones (13–44%). The average age and family income were of 50 years and USD 575/month, respectively. The participants had equal distribution among sexes: 50% had a medium education level, and 59% were nonwhite. Conclusion: This preliminary HBM study demonstrates feasibility for the total population, with results indicating representativeness of the target population.
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Association of Blood Mercury Levels with the Risks of Overweight and High Waist-to-Height Ratio in Children and Adolescents: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121087. [PMID: 34943283 PMCID: PMC8700710 DOI: 10.3390/children8121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A previous study in adults demonstrated the substantial role of mercury exposure in the development of overweight and obesity. Although children and adolescents are more susceptible to the toxic effects of mercury than adults, studies on the association of overweight and obesity with mercury exposure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association of blood mercury levels with the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as obesity indices in Korean children and adolescents. The analyzed cross-sectional data were obtained from 1327 participants (age: 10–18 years; 672 male and 655 female) who completed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2013. The covariates included sociodemographic factors (age, sex, and household income), dietary factors (fish, shellfish, and seaweed consumption), lifestyle factors (alcohol consumption, smoking status, and exercise), and blood hematocrit levels. The adjusted geometric mean blood mercury level was 2.19 µg/L, and the level of mercury was significantly higher in the overweight (BMI ≥ 85th gender and age-specific percentiles) and high WHtR (cutoff: ≥0.5) groups than in the normal group. In all the participants, the blood mercury levels were significantly positively associated with the BMI and WHtR after adjusting for all covariates (p < 0.05). All the participants in the highest blood mercury level quartile were at a higher risk for overweight and a high WHtR than those in the lowest quartile after adjusting for all covariates (p < 0.05). Our study suggests a significant association between mercury exposure and the risks of overweight and high WHtR in Korean children and adolescents.
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The impact of extraction protocol on the chemical profile of cannabis extracts from a single cultivar. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21801. [PMID: 34750475 PMCID: PMC8575894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01378-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The last two decades have seen a dramatic shift in cannabis legislation around the world. Cannabis products are now widely available and commercial production and use of phytocannabinoid products is rapidly growing. However, this growth is outpacing the research needed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of the myriad of chemical compounds found primarily in the flower of the female cannabis plant. This lack of research and corresponding regulation has resulted in processing methods, products, and terminology that are variable and confusing for consumers. Importantly, the impact of processing methods on the resulting chemical profile of full spectrum cannabis extracts is not well understood. As a first step in addressing this knowledge gap we have utilized a combination of analytical approaches to characterize the broad chemical composition of a single cannabis cultivar that was processed using previously optimized and commonly used commercial extraction protocols including alcoholic solvents and super critical carbon dioxide. Significant variation in the bioactive chemical profile was observed in the extracts resulting from the different protocols demonstrating the need for further research regarding the influence of processing on therapeutic efficacy as well as the importance of labeling in the marketing of multi-component cannabis products.
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Gharibshahi N, Javaherizadeh H, Khorasgani ZN, Mahdavinia M. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEAD AND CADMIUM LEVELS IN BLOOD AND REFRACTORY CHRONIC CONSTIPATION AMONG IRANIAN CHILDREN. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2021; 58:329-336. [PMID: 34705967 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.202100000-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited research examining reasons causing refractory chronic constipation (RCC) in children. The effects of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposures on this condition have been even less clear. However, some related factors may contribute to evaluation of blood lead levels (BLLs) and blood cadmium levels (BCLs). OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to examine the relationship between Pb and Cd exposures and RCC in children living in the city of Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, in Southwestern Iran. METHODS This study was performed on a total number of 48 children aged 2-13 years, including 36 medically-diagnosed RCC cases and 12 controls referring to a pediatric clinic in the city of Ahvaz. Their BLLs and BCLs were then determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The data from the researcher-designed questionnaire were also recoded and the related risk factors were analyzed through Spearman's correlation and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The findings revealed that the geometric means of Pb and Cd in blood samples in the control group were 58.95 µg/dL and 0.45 µg/dL; respectively. These values in the case group were equally 45.26 µg/dL and 0.26 µg/dL; respectively. A significant difference was additionally observed between BCLs in the case and control groups (P<0.01). All children in both groups also had BLLs greater than the permissible limit endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO) (≤10 µg/dL). On the other hand, 8.3% of the individuals in the case group and 33.3% of those in the control group had BCLs higher than the acceptable range mentioned by WHO (≤0.5 µg/dL). CONCLUSION Pb and Cd exposures due to environmental pollution and susceptibility to heavy metals may not be associated with RCC in children living in the city of Ahvaz. Although this research was the first one providing data on BLLs and BCLs in children with RCC, the findings could be useful for designing future epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Gharibshahi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hazhir Javaherizadeh
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Nazari Khorasgani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavinia
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Bimonte VM, Besharat ZM, Antonioni A, Cella V, Lenzi A, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S. The endocrine disruptor cadmium: a new player in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1363-1377. [PMID: 33501614 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal, is found in soil, environment and contaminated water and food. Moreover, Cd is used in various industrial activities, such as electroplating, batteries production, fertilizers, while an important non-occupational source is represented by cigarette smoking, as Cd deposits in tobacco leaves. Since many years it is clear a strong correlation between Cd body accumulation and incidence of many diseases. Indeed, acute exposure to Cd can cause inflammation and affect many organs such as kidneys and liver. Furthermore, the attention has focused on its activity as environmental pollutant and endocrine disruptor able to interfere with metabolic and energy balance of living beings. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that the Cd-exposure is related to metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis even if human studies are still controversial. Recent data show that Cd-exposure is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and endothelial damage that are responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Due to the large environmental diffusion of Cd, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the role of Cd in the incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Antonioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Cella
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy.
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30
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Kim DW, Ock J, Moon KW, Park CH. Association between Pb, Cd, and Hg Exposure and Liver Injury among Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6783. [PMID: 34202682 PMCID: PMC8297092 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) has been reported to be associated with liver-related diseases. However, studies examining the association between heavy metal exposure and liver injury in a large population are scant and characterized by inconsistent results. This study aimed to evaluate the association between levels of heavy metal exposure and liver injury in the general population. METHODS Data for 2953 participants aged 19 years or more obtained from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 3 (2015-2017) were used. The associations between levels of blood or urine heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) and liver function biomarkers [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)] were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Regarding the blood Pb (BPb), AST was higher in those of the 4th quartile, ALT was higher in those of the 2nd and 4th quartiles, and GGT was higher in those of the 3rd and 4th quartiles than in the 1st quartile. For urinary Cd (UCd), AST was higher in those of the 4th quartile; ALT was higher in those of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles; and GGT was higher in the 4th quartile than in the 1st quartile. For the blood Hg (BHg), AST was higher in those of the 2nd and 4th quartile, ALT was higher in those of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles; and GGT was higher in those of the 3rd and 4th quartiles than in the 1st quartile. There was no significant difference between urinary Hg (UHg) and liver function markers. CONCLUSION Heavy metal exposure showed an association with liver injury among the general adult population in Korea. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between heavy metals and liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Won Kim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (D.-W.K.); (J.O.)
- BK21 FOUR R & E Center for Learning Health System, Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jeongwon Ock
- Environmental Health Research Division, National institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (D.-W.K.); (J.O.)
| | - Kyong-Whan Moon
- BK21 FOUR R & E Center for Learning Health System, Department of Health and Environmental Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Choong-Hee Park
- Environmental Health Research Division, National institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon 22689, Korea; (D.-W.K.); (J.O.)
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Yang YJ, Yang EJ, Park K, Oh S, Kim T, Hong YP. Association between Blood Mercury Levels and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Obese Populations: The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) 2012-2014. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126412. [PMID: 34199270 PMCID: PMC8296250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is widely distributed in the environment, and a plausible association between mercury exposure and hepatic damage has been reported. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which comprises a spectrum of liver diseases, has recently been recognized in non-obese subjects. However, there have been no studies on the relationship between internal mercury levels and NAFLD in non-obese individuals. Therefore, we investigated the association between blood mercury levels and NAFLD in non-obese subjects. Cross-sectional data (n = 5919) were obtained from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014). NAFLD was defined using the hepatic steatosis index (HSI). Blood mercury levels were log-transformed and divided into quartiles based on a weighted sample distribution. The association between blood mercury levels and NAFLD was analyzed using a multivariate logistic analysis after body mass index stratification. The geometric mean of blood mercury in the overweight group was significantly higher than that of the non-obese group (p < 0.001). The weighted frequencies of patients with NAFLD based on the HSI were 3.0–7.2% for the non-obese subjects and 52.3–63.2% for the overweight subjects. In the multivariate analysis, blood mercury levels were positively associated with NAFLD for both the overweight and non-obese groups (all p for trend < 0.001). Increased blood mercury levels are closely associated with NAFLD. In particular, mercury could be a risk factor for NAFLD in the non-obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jung Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary’s Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea;
| | - Eun-Jung Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Kyongjin Park
- College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (K.P.); (S.O.); (T.K.)
| | - Subin Oh
- College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (K.P.); (S.O.); (T.K.)
| | - Taehyen Kim
- College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea; (K.P.); (S.O.); (T.K.)
| | - Yeon-Pyo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5667
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González N, Esplugas R, Marquès M, Domingo JL. Concentrations of arsenic and vanadium in environmental and biological samples collected in the neighborhood of petrochemical industries: A review of the scientific literature. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:145149. [PMID: 33540162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical facilities, including oil refineries, are emission sources of a wide range of environmental pollutants such as trace elements, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, among others. Populations living near this kind of facilities may be potentially exposed to contaminants, which are, in turn, associated with a wide range of adverse effects. In our laboratory, we have shown that the environmental concentrations of trace elements near the petrochemical complex of Tarragona County (Spain), which is among the largest complexes in the European Union, should not be a relevant pollution source for these elements, with the exception of arsenic (As) and vanadium (V). Moreover, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified As and V as Group 1 and Group 2B, respectively. Based on it, the present paper was aimed at reviewing the available scientific information on the occurrence of As and V in the vicinity of petrochemical complexes worldwide, considering environmental matrices (air, dust, sediments, soil, and water), as well as biological samples (blood, hair, and urine). In general, levels of As and V in environmental matrices showed higher fluctuation throughout the world and was highly dependent on the samples zone while levels of both elements in urinary samples from subjects living near a petrochemical area were higher than those of population living further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus González
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Roser Esplugas
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Montse Marquès
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
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Wen X, Kozlosky D, Zhang R, Doherty C, Buckley B, Barrett E, Aleksunes LM. BCRP/ ABCG2 Transporter Regulates Accumulation of Cadmium in Kidney Cells: Role of the Q141K Variant in Modulating Nephrotoxicity. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:629-637. [PMID: 34074729 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the environmental pollutant cadmium is ubiquitous, as it is present in cigarette smoke and the food supply. Over time, cadmium enters and accumulates in the kidneys, where it causes tubular injury. The breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ATP-Binding Cassette G2 ABCG2) is an efflux transporter that mediates the urinary secretion of pharmaceuticals and toxins. The ABCG2 genetic variant Q141K exhibits altered membrane trafficking that results in reduced efflux of BCRP substrates. Here, we sought to 1) evaluate the in vitro and in vivo ability of BCRP to transport cadmium and protect kidney cells from toxicity and 2) determine whether this protection is impaired by the Q141K variant. Cadmium concentrations, cellular stress, and toxicity were quantified in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing an empty vector (EV), BCRP wild-type (WT), or variant (Q141K) gene. Treatment with CdCl2 resulted in greater accumulation of cadmium and apoptosis in EV cells relative to WT cells. Exposure to CdCl2 induced expression of stress-related genes and proteins including MT-1A/MT-2A, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1, and heme oxygenase-1 to a higher extent in EV cells compared with WT cells. Notably, the Q141K variant protected against CdCl2-induced activation of stress genes and cytotoxicity, but this protection was to a lesser magnitude than observed with WT BCRP. Lastly, concentrations of cadmium in the kidneys of Bcrp knockout mice were 40% higher than in WT mice, confirming that cadmium is an in vivo substrate of BCRP. In conclusion, BCRP prevents the accumulation of cadmium and protects against toxicity, a response that is impaired by the Q141K variant. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The breast cancer resistance protein transporter lowers cellular accumulation of the toxic heavy metal cadmium. This protective function is partially attenuated by the Q141K genetic variant in the ABCG2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Danielle Kozlosky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Cathleen Doherty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Brian Buckley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Emily Barrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., D.K., L.M.A.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (X.W., R.Z., C.D., B.B., E.B., L.M.A.); and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey (R.Z., E.B.)
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Hoet P, Jacquerye C, Deumer G, Lison D, Haufroid V. Reference values of trace elements in blood and/or plasma in adults living in Belgium. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:729-742. [PMID: 33085632 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trace elements (TEs) from natural and anthropogenic sources are ubiquitous. Essential or not, their relevance for human health and disease is constantly expanding. Biological monitoring is a widely integrated tool in risk assessment both in occupational and environmental settings. However, the determination of appropriate and accurate reference values in the (specific) population is a prerequisite for a correct interpretation of biomonitoring data. This study aimed at determining the reference distribution for TEs (Al, As, Sb, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Tl, Sn, V, Zn) in the blood and/or plasma of the adult population in Belgium. METHODS Blood and plasma samples were analyzed for 178 males and 202 females, recruited according to an a priori selection procedure, by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS Reference values were established with high confidence for AsT, Cd, Cu, HgT, Mn, Mo, Pb, Sn, Se, Tl and Zn. Compared to previously published data in the Belgian population, a decreasing time trend is observed for Zn, Cd and Pb. Globally, the results also indicate that the current exposure levels to TEs in the Belgian population are similar to those from other recent national surveys. CONCLUSIONS These reference values and limits obtained through validated analytical and statistical methods will be useful for future occupational and/or environmental surveys. They will contribute to decision-making concerning both public health policies but also exposure assessments on an individual scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Hoet
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Gladys Deumer
- and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Haufroid
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Brussels, Belgium.,and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Brussels, Belgium
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Johnson SA, Prenni JE, Heuberger AL, Isweiri H, Chaparro JM, Newman SE, Uchanski ME, Omerigic HM, Michell KA, Bunning M, Foster MT, Thompson HJ, Weir TL. Comprehensive Evaluation of Metabolites and Minerals in 6 Microgreen Species and the Influence of Maturity. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzaa180. [PMID: 33644632 PMCID: PMC7897203 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microgreens are the young leafy greens of many vegetables, herbs, grains, and flowers with potential to promote human health and sustainably diversify the global food system. For successful further integration into the global food system and evaluation of their health impacts, it is critical to elucidate and optimize their nutritional quality. OBJECTIVES We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the metabolite and mineral contents of 6 microgreen species, and the influence of maturity on their contents. METHODS Plant species evaluated were from the Brassicaceae (arugula, broccoli, and red cabbage), Amaranthaceae (red beet and red amaranth), and Fabaceae (pea) plant families. Nontargeted metabolomics and ionomics analyses were performed to examine the metabolites and minerals, respectively, in each microgreen species and its mature counterpart. RESULTS Nontargeted metabolomics analysis detected 3321 compounds, 1263 of which were annotated and included nutrients and bioactive compounds. Ionomics analysis detected and quantified 26 minerals including macrominerals, trace minerals, ultratrace minerals, and other metals. Principal component analysis indicated that microgreens have distinct metabolite and mineral profiles compared with one another and with their mature counterparts. Several compounds were higher (P < 0.05; fold change ≥2) in microgreens compared with their mature counterparts, whereas some were not different or lower. In many cases, compounds that were higher in microgreens compared with the mature counterpart were also unique to that microgreen species. CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence for the nutritional quality of microgreens, and can inform future research and development aimed at characterizing and optimizing microgreen nutritional quality and health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jessica E Prenni
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Analytical Resources Core: Bioanalysis and Omics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Adam L Heuberger
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hanan Isweiri
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Jacqueline M Chaparro
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Analytical Resources Core: Bioanalysis and Omics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Steven E Newman
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Mark E Uchanski
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Heather M Omerigic
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kiri A Michell
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Marisa Bunning
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Michelle T Foster
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Henry J Thompson
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Park J, Kim Y. Associations of Blood Heavy Metals with Uric Acid in the Korean General Population: Analysis of Data from the 2016-2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:102-112. [PMID: 32342340 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that blood heavy metal levels such as lead, cadmium, and mercury were associated with uric acid level and hyperuricemia, and that this association remains significant after adjustment for other metals. We tested this hypothesis using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using multiple linear regression, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated using logistic regression in the cross-sectional study design. Relative to women, men had a higher geometric mean (GM) of lead (1.95 vs. 1.50 μg/dL) and mercury (3.94 vs. 2.77 μg/L), a lower GM of cadmium (0.80 vs. 1.04 μg/L), and a higher arithmetic mean (AM) of uric acid (5.84 vs. 4.40 mg/dL). Women had significant positive associations of log uric acid level with doubling of lead and mercury, and negative association with cadmium. Logistic regression analysis indicated the inverse association of serum hyperuricemia with doubling of blood metals was only significant for cadmium in women (OR = 0.641, 95% CI = 0.463 to 0.886) and the associations of serum hyperuricemia in the highest versus lowest quartiles of heavy metals were only significant for cadmium in women (OR = 0.495, 95% CI = 0.246 to 0.998). For both genders, age and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) had negative associations with uric acid, but hypertension and triglycerides had positive associations with uric acid. In conclusion, blood lead and mercury levels were positively associated with uric acid level, but blood cadmium level was inversely associated with uric acid level and hyperuricemia in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungsun Park
- Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, # 290-3 Cheonha-dong, Dong-gu, Ulsan, 44033, South Korea.
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Mu X, Wang Z, Liu L, Guo X, Gu C, Xu H, Zhao L, Jiang W, Cao H, Mao X, Huang T, Gao H, Ma J. Multiple exposure pathways of first-year university students to heavy metals in China: Serum sampling and atmospheric modeling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141405. [PMID: 32771764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we collected 308 serum samples from 17 to 20 year old first-year university students who were recruited from Lanzhou University in China a few days after their enrollment to measure the serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As levels, and specific questionnaires for age, sex, settlement and dietary structure were designed. A 3-D atmospheric transport model was used to simulate the atmospheric concentration and dry deposition across China based on gridded Pb emission inventory to examine the association between the spatial distribution of serum concentrations and environmental fates of Pb. The mean serum Pb, Cd, Hg, and As concentrations averaged over all participating young students were 21.38, 1.46, 3.86, and 4.69 μg/L, respectively. The Pb, Cd, and Hg levels in 3%, 7%, and 20% serum samples exceeded the standards. The minimum serum As and Hg concentrations and the maximum serum Pb and Cd concentrations occurred in urban areas. Seafood diet habits (P < 0.05), sex (P < 0.05), and relocation (P < 0.01) caused significant differences in serum As, Pb, and Cd concentrations. A cluster analysis was carried out to classify the exposure pathways for target contaminants. The results indicated that 4 heavy metals in the serum of volunteers from northern China could be grouped into the same category, in which significant positive correlations were found between the serum heavy metal levels and background concentrations of surface soil. However, in other provinces and metropolises, the atmospheric pollution level played a critical role involving in the inhalation exposure pathway. We demonstrated that serum Pb levels in freshman students were related to the atmospheric transport and dry deposition of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Mu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhanxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lichun Liu
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hua Xu
- School Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liuyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanyanhan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Mao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Pan X, Wei J, Qu R, Xu S, Chen J, Al-Basher G, Li C, Shad A, Dar AA, Wang Z. Alumina-mediated photocatalytic degradation of hexachlorobenzene in aqueous system: Kinetics and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127256. [PMID: 32531489 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Five kinds of Al2O3 were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR and BET surface area, and then used as carriers to investigate the photochemical removal of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in aqueous system. The results showed that HCB coated on the surfaces of all Al2O3 could be photodegraded rapidly, and Neutral-Al2O3 presented the best performance. Meanwhile, the efficient removal of HCB in real water matrices, including tap water, river water and secondary clarifier effluent showed the potential practical application of Al2O3. EPR and theoretical calculation revealed the generation of hydroxyl radicals on Al2O3 surface under 500 W Xe lamp irradiation. Nine intermediates and a small amount of Cl- were identified by GC/MS, LC/MS and IC analysis, which was further verified by transition state calculations. These results can provide a new technique for HCB removal in water and wastewaters, and give more insights into the environmental ecological risk assessment of this pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Junyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Shiping Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ghada Al-Basher
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, P.O. Box 2455, 10, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chenguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Asam Shad
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Afzal Ahmed Dar
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
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Kim M, Yun SM, Jeong J, Jo C, Koh YH. Association between blood lead level and risk of stroke in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2013. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035725. [PMID: 32907895 PMCID: PMC7482501 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although lead is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, research on this association in the Korean population remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between lead level and stroke in Korean adults. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2013, which enrolled a representative sample of the Korean population. PARTICIPANTS We excluded participants younger than 20 years, missing weight data, pregnant or lactating, and missing blood lead and stroke data. A total of 11 510 participants were included in this analysis. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASUREMENT The participants were classified by blood lead concentration into the low-level (≤2.189 µg/dL, n=5756) and high-level (>2.189 µg/dL, n=5754) groups. The main outcome, stroke, was assessed by information from physician diagnosis, prevalence of stroke or treatment for stroke. The ORs and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the association between blood lead level and stroke using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Although blood lead level was not significantly associated with stroke (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.66-2.58) in the multivariate-adjusted model, in individuals with hypertension, the high-level group was 2.36-fold higher odds of stroke (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.02-5.44) compared to that in the low-level group. No association was observed in individuals with normotension (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.13-1.38, p for interaction=0.007). CONCLUSION The association between blood lead concentration and stroke may be influenced by hypertension status. Our findings suggest the need for closer attention to lead exposure in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyeong Kim
- Division of Brain Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Moon Yun
- Division of Brain Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Jeong
- Division of Brain Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Chulman Jo
- Division of Brain Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Young Ho Koh
- Division of Brain Diseases, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
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Seo JW, Hong YS. Comparative Evaluation of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Residents of Abandoned Metal Mines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6280. [PMID: 32872296 PMCID: PMC7503294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study compares the heavy metal exposure levels of the population of abandoned metal mines, with high risks of environmental pollution and health effects. We used data from a two-stage abandoned metal mines survey (AMS, n = 4467). The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KNEHS) were used as general population data. Based on the sex and age distribution in the AMS, a simple random sampling was performed, so that the two datasets had the same distribution (KNHANES n = 1815, KNEHS n = 2328). Blood lead concentrations were slightly higher in the AMS than in KNEHS. Blood cadmium concentrations were similar between the two groups. However, the difference in urine cadmium concentrations was pronounced and statistically significant. Moreover, 30.6% of the AMS data for urine cadmium concentration exceeded the 95th percentile of the KNEHS data. The concentration of lead and cadmium in the residents of the abandoned metal mines, i.e., the vulnerable regions, was higher than that in the general population. It is necessary to monitor and manage the vulnerable regions via a more active and extensive survey system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-wook Seo
- Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
| | - Young-seoub Hong
- Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea
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The Relationship between Mercury Exposure Indices and Dietary Intake of Fish and Shellfish in Women of Childbearing Age. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134907. [PMID: 32646069 PMCID: PMC7370192 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Women of childbearing age who are susceptible to mercury exposure were studied to understand the relation between mercury intake through fish and shellfish consumption and mercury exposure indices from blood, hair, and urine samples. A total of 711 women of childbearing age from coastal areas with a high concentration of mercury exposure in Korea were studied. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, dietary intake of fish and shellfish using the simple Food Frequency Questionnaire. Mercury concentration was estimated from the collected samples of blood, hair, and urine. The geometric mean of blood methyl mercury concentration of mercury exposure through seafood was 3.06 μg/L for the low tertile, 3.12 μg/L for the middle tertile, and 3.60 μg/L for the high tertile, indicating a clear tendency of blood methyl mercury to increase as the mercury exposure by fish and shellfish intake ascended. For total blood mercury and hair mercury, the middle and high tertiles had higher values than the low. Mercury exposure through fish and shellfish intake is a main factor for an increase of blood methyl mercury concentration in women of childbearing age. More attention needs to be paid to mercury exposure through seafood intake, considering the serious effect mercury concentration has on women of childbearing age.
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Deering K, Spiegel E, Quaisser C, Nowak D, Rakete S, Garí M, Bose-O'Reilly S. Exposure assessment of toxic metals and organochlorine pesticides among employees of a natural history museum. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109271. [PMID: 32143026 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical compounds such as arsenic, mercury and organochlorine pesticides have been extensively used as preventive and curative conservation treatments for cultural and biological collections to protect them from pest and mold infestations. Most of the aforementioned compounds have been classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic and represent a health risk for members of staff exposed to contaminated objects. The present study addresses the internal exposure of 28 museum employees in Museum für Naturkunde Berlin by measuring arsenic species and mercury in urine as well as hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4'-DDT) and its main metabolite, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4'-DDE), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in blood serum. This study was carried out in order to assess the internal exposure of Natural History Museum staff members to toxic metals and organochlorine pesticides. During a working week, two blood samples and five urine samples were taken from each participant, involving 8 women and 20 men. Information about work activity and exposure related factors such as dust development through work, use of personal protective equipment, as well as a nutrition diary were obtained through a questionnaire. Information on fish and seafood intakes as well as amalgam fillings was also available. The results of the study showed that the museum staff members had quantified concentrations of arsenic (median of 6.4 μg/l; maximum of 339 μg/l), mercury (median of 0.20 μg/l; max of 2.6 μg/l), β-HCH (median of 0.12 μg/l; max of 0.39 μg/l) and 4,4'-DDT (median of 0.050 μg/l; max of 0.82 μg/l). Despite that all the concentrations were below the established reference values, multivariate regression models were able to show that museum staff members are currently exposed to the aforementioned compounds while handling museum objects. To validate our findings, further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Deering
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Elise Spiegel
- Care for Art, Maximilianstr. 31, D-80539, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christiane Quaisser
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefan Rakete
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Mercè Garí
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany; Institute of Computational Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - Stephan Bose-O'Reilly
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany; Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT (University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology), Eduard Wallnoefer Zentrum 1, A-6060, Hall I.T., Austria; University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO-Clinics), University of Regensburg, Clinic St. Hedwig, Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany.
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Tijani AA, Adekomi DA, Fature AA, Adewole SO, Adetunji AE. Microanatomy, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system of the visual cortex of rats following withdrawal from prolonged lead nitrate administration. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:76-83. [PMID: 32274252 PMCID: PMC7118255 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to lead (Pb) has been shown to alter the function of central nervous system and affect cholinergic neurons of the visual cortex in animal models. This study sought to investigate the withdrawal symptoms and oxidative stress on the visual cortex after lead exposure. A total of 20 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=10): group A, control, received 10 ml/kg of distilled water for 30 days orally; group B, lead treated group, received 10 mg/kg of lead nitrate solution for 30 days orally. Group B was divided into two subgroups, group B1 serves as non-recovery while B2 serves as recovery (withdrawal). Five rats from each group were sacrificed under ether anesthesia 24 hours after the last oral administration of lead, while the remaining 5 rats (withdrawal subgroup) were sacrificed 30 days after the last oral administration of lead. The visual cortex was grossed from the brain tissue and processed for histology. Blood/serum samples were obtained and markers of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPX]), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]) were analyzed. Lead-exposed rats display a significant reduction in the SOD, CAT, and GPX level as well as increased in MDA level. However, following a recovery period, a non-significant improvement was seen in the histoarchitecture of the visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Tijani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Damilare A Adekomi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Adedamola A Fature
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Stephen O Adewole
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi, Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Adedeji E Adetunji
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Mercury concentration in shark meat from traditional markets of Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. Ann Occup Environ Med 2020; 32:e3. [PMID: 32082585 PMCID: PMC7008590 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although unusually high levels of blood mercury have been reported in the North Gyeongsang Province (Gyeongsangbuk-do), mercury contents from shark meat distributed in this region have not been assessed yet. Thus, this study aims to identify the hazard by evaluating the mercury contents of the shark meat sold in the traditional market of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Methods The shark meat in the form of muscle meat was obtained from 15 traditional markets of Gyeongsangbuk-do in the summer and winter of 2013. Out of 105 samples in total, 49 were collected in the summer and 56 in the winter. The total mercury concentration was measured by the combustion-gold amalgamation method using an automatic mercury analyzer (Milestone DMA-80, Milestone). Results The average mercury concentration of shark meat was 2.29 ± 1.77 µg/g, ranging between 0.06–8.93 µg/g with a geometric mean of 1.44 µg/g, which is higher than those reported in many countries. The mercury concentration in 77 of 105 shark meat samples exceeded 1 µg/g. Mercury concentration ranged between 0.09–8.93 µg/g (geometric mean: 1.45) in the summer and 0.06–6.73 µg/g (geometric mean: 1.48) in the winter. Conclusions Shark meat sold in the market contained a substantial amount of mercury. This suggests that it is difficult to reduce mercury intake by simply strengthening the standard level of mercury concentration in shark meat. Therefore, it is need to communication and awareness programs with consumers about hazardous effects of mercury inherent in shark meat.
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Zhang Y, O'Connor D, Xu W, Hou D. Blood lead levels among Chinese children: The shifting influence of industry, traffic, and e-waste over three decades. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 135:105379. [PMID: 31841805 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In China, data relating to the historic prevalence of childhood lead poisoning suggest its pervasiveness. This review analysed published epidemiological data on blood lead levels (BLLs) of 735,271 Chinese children aged 0-6 between 1987 and 2017. Among these children, the geometric mean (GM) BLL was 95.1 μg/L (geometric SD = 1.62), and 24.1% suffered lead poisoning (BLL ≥ 100 μg/L). Importantly, there was a temporal decrease in the GM BLL value, from 182.9 μg/L in 1987-1991 to 42.4 μg/L in 2012-2017. However, a rebound was seen in the most recent two years (2016 and 2017). Moreover, the GM BLL among Chinese children has not fallen as low as U.S. children. This indicates that either (1) leaded petrol or lead based-paint exposure sources have not been adequately controlled in China, or (2) other pollution sources, such as industry, traffic, and e-waste, are impacting Chinese children. Drivers behind spatio-temporal variations were explored to provide scientific evidence regarding the prevention of childhood lead poisoning. We found that BLLs among children in the central and eastern areas of China have dropped lower than those in the western area, and that the GM BLL of children living in rural areas now exceeds children in urban areas. These reversals may be associated with the industrial decentralization policy of the late 1980s, when many heavily polluting industries and manufacturers moved away from cities on the east coast. It was discovered that the BLLs of children living in areas associated with mining have remained high (GM BLL = 155.0 μg/L for 2007-2017), and that the lead poisoning rate (LPR) has become exceptionally high in areas associated with e-waste. Finally, the review offers a data comparison with other countries, an overview of potentially influencing factors and sources, as well as some suggested prevention strategies to reduce childhood lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Zhang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - David O'Connor
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wendi Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Kim KW, Sreeja SR, Kwon M, Yu YL, Kim MK. Association of Blood Mercury Level with the Risk of Depression According to Fish Intake Level in the General Korean Population: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2013. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010189. [PMID: 31936641 PMCID: PMC7019861 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is a cumulative neurotoxic agent, exposure to high levels of which may increase the risk of psychiatric symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between blood mercury and depression risk in Korean adults. We analyzed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) with 11,754 participants (male: 5834 female: 5920) aged ≥19 years from 2008 to 2013. The associations of blood mercury with risk of depression were estimated using multivariate logistic regression after adjustment for potential confounders. We found a significantly increased risk of depression in the highest quintile for blood mercury (multivariate OR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.20-3.48; P trend = 0.03) among female, but not male. A stratification analysis by fish intake showed that the association between depression and blood mercury was strengthened (OR = 4.00; 95% CI = 1.51-10.6; P trend = 0.015) among females with the lowest tertile of fish intake. The results of this study suggest that higher levels of blood mercury, especially in cases of lower fish intake, are positively associated with the risk of depression in Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women’s University, 621, Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01797, Korea;
| | - Sundara Raj Sreeja
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea; (S.R.S.); (Y.L.Y.)
| | - Minji Kwon
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea; (S.R.S.); (Y.L.Y.)
| | - Ye Lee Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea; (S.R.S.); (Y.L.Y.)
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea; (S.R.S.); (Y.L.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-920-2202; Fax: +82-31-920-2006
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St-Jean A, Suhas E, De Pina JJ, Cordier S, Lucas M, Ayotte P. Exposure to toxic metals and polychlorinated biphenyls of adolescents and adults from two atolls in the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133791. [PMID: 31419679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The atoll of Hao, part of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia, hosted an air base which was used by France Air Force and Naval Aviation during the nuclear tests. Following the publication of a report in 2012 indicating widespread contamination of the atoll, we conducted a biomonitoring survey to assess the exposure to toxic metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) of Hao residents and residents of Makemo, a nearby atoll without any known sources of industrial pollution. Adults and adolescents (≥12 years) randomly sampled from Hao (n = 275) and Makemo (n = 268) provided blood samples for contaminant analyses. Whole blood samples were analysed for cadmium, lead and total mercury by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Plasma concentrations of PCBs were measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to document lifestyle and a food-frequency questionnaire was used to document dietary habits. Concentrations of contaminants were compared between atolls and associations with sociodemographic and personal characteristics of the participants were investigated. A significantly higher mean (geometric) of blood lead concentration was observed in Hao compared to Makemo (3.75 vs 3.40 μg/L, P = 0.02), whereas similar concentrations were noted for cadmium (0.49 vs 0.50 μg/L, P = 0.58) and mercury (11.4 vs 11.5 μg/L, P = 0.78). Mean total PCBs plasma concentration was significantly higher in Hao than in Makemo participants (0.75 vs 0.32 μg/L, P < 0.001). A significant proportion of participants exceeded toxicological reference values for mercury and lead in both atolls. The higher body burden of PCBs and Pb in Hao compared to Makemo residents may be linked to past air base activities in Hao. According to international standards, PCBs exposure is low; however, exposure to both mercury and lead is high and further investigations are required to identify specific sources of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audray St-Jean
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada
| | - Edouard Suhas
- Institut Louis Malardé (ILM), BP 30 98713, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | | | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement, Travail (IRSET) - INSERM UMR 1085, Université de Rennes 1, 9 avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard, 35 000 Rennes, France
| | - Michel Lucas
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; Département de Médecine Préventive et Sociale, Université Laval, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Axe Santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en Santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, 1050 chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC G1S 4L8, Canada; Département de Médecine Préventive et Sociale, Université Laval, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de toxicologie du Québec, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), 945 avenue Wolfe, Québec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada.
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Wang WJ, Wu CC, Jung WT, Lin CY. The associations among lead exposure, bone mineral density, and FRAX score: NHANES, 2013 to 2014. Bone 2019; 128:115045. [PMID: 31446117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead exposure has been suspected as a risk factor for osteoporosis. However, in epidemiological studies, the association between environmental lead exposure and bone health were inconsistent. With the decrease of lead exposure in recent decades, we evaluated the association between lead exposure and bone mineral density (BMD) in the general US population in this study. We analyzed data on 1859 adults (aged ≥40 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in 2013-2014 to determine the relationship among lead exposure measured by both blood and urine lead concentration, BMD of total spine and femur, and FRAX score in a cross-sectional study. In premenopausal women, the results showed a 1-unit increase in natural log-transformed blood and urine lead levels was associated with a decrease in total femur BMD of 0.061 g/cm2 (S.E. = 0.015; p = 0.001) and 0.046 g/cm2 (S.E. = 0.018; p = 0.020), respectively. Moreover, in premenopausal women, a 1-unit increase in natural log-transformed blood level was associated with a decrease in total spine BMD of 0.054 g/cm2 (S.E. = 0.019; p = 0.013). Both FRAX scores were positively correlated with blood and urine lead levels in subjects without fractures, while the 10-year hip fracture risk score was positively associated with lead exposure in subjects with a history of fracture or vertebral fracture. In conclusion, lead exposure was associated with decreased total femur and spine BMD, and FRAX score in the general US population. Further research is needed to elucidate the causal relationship among lead exposure, BMD, and fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 300, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 300, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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Almeida Lopes ACBD, Martins AC, Urbano MR, Buzzo ML, Camargo AEI, Peixe TS, Aschner M, Barbosa F, Silva AMR, Paoliello MMB. Blood reference values for metals in a general adult population in southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108646. [PMID: 31446091 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Bertin de Almeida Lopes
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, CEP 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Airton Cunha Martins
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n°, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, New York, USA.
| | - Mariana Ragassi Urbano
- Department of Statistics, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Km 380, s/no, Campus Universitário, CEP 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Liane Buzzo
- Inorganic Contaminants Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 355, CEP 01246-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alissana Ester Iakmiu Camargo
- Center of Health Sciences, Pitagoras Unopar University, Avenida Paris, 675, Jardim Piza, CEP 86083-070 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Severo Peixe
- Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Science, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, CEP 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, New York, USA.
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n°, CEP 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Rigo Silva
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, CEP 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
| | - Monica Maria Bastos Paoliello
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Center of Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, 60 Robert Koch Avenue, CEP 86038-350 Londrina, PR, Brazil; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461, Bronx, New York, USA.
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Aktualisierung der Referenzwerte für Blei im Blut von Erwachsenen. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019; 62:1280-1284. [PMID: 31535275 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-019-03002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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