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Sun P, Yue J, Lu C, Ji K, Yang R, Lu J, Song X, Hu H, Zhao J, Yang Y, Xu Y. Targeting urinary calcium oxalate crystallization with inulin-type AOFOS from Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl. for the management of rat urolithiasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118149. [PMID: 38580188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Calcium oxalate crystals play a key role in the development and recurrence of kidney stones (also known as urolithiasis); thus, inhibiting the formation of these crystals is a central focus of urolithiasis prevention and treatment. Previously, we reported the noteworthy in vitro inhibitory effects of Aspidopterys obcordata fructo oligosaccharide (AOFOS), an active polysaccharide of the traditional Dai medicine Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl. (commonly known as Hei Gai Guan), on the growth of calcium oxalate crystals. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigated the effectiveness and mechanism of AOFOS in treating kidney stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS A kidney stones rats model was developed, followed by examining AOFOS transport dynamics and effectiveness in live rats. Additionally, a correlation between the polysaccharide and calcium oxalate crystals was studied by combining crystallization experiments with density functional theory calculations. RESULTS The results showed that the polysaccharide was transported to the urinary system. Furthermore, their accumulation was inhibited by controlling their crystallization and modulating calcium ion and oxalate properties in the urine. Consequently, this approach helped effectively prevent kidney stone formation in the rats. CONCLUSIONS The present study emphasized the role of the polysaccharide AOFOS in modulating crystal properties and controlling crystal growth, providing valuable insights into their potential therapeutic use in managing kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Jiarui Yue
- Dehong Vocational College, Mangshi, 678400, Yunnan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chuanli Lu
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510316, China
| | - Kailong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Raoqiong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Xingzhen Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Huabin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | | | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China.
| | - Youkai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China.
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Bavaro AR, Di Biase M, Linsalata V, D’Antuono I, Di Stefano V, Lonigro SL, Garbetta A, Valerio F, Melilli MG, Cardinali A. Potential Prebiotic Effect of Inulin-Enriched Pasta after In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion and Simulated Gut Fermentation. Foods 2024; 13:1815. [PMID: 38928756 PMCID: PMC11202534 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the prebiotic potential of an innovative functional pasta enriched with 12% (w/w) inulin was investigated. To this aim, pasta was subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion followed by simulated gut fermentation compared to the control pasta (CTRL) not containing inulin. The incorporation of inulin positively (p < 0.05) affected some organoleptic traits and the cooking quality of the final product, giving an overall score significantly higher than CTRL. The resultant essential amino acid content was similar in both pasta samples while the total protein content was lower in inulin-enriched pasta for the polymer substitution to durum wheat flour. The prebiotic potential of chicory inulin was preliminarily tested in in vitro experiments using seven probiotic strains and among them Lacticaseibacillus paracasei IMPC2.1 was selected for the simulated gut fermentation studies. The positive prebiotic activity score registered with the probiotic strain suggested the suitability of the inulin-enriched pasta with respect to acting as a prebiotic source favoring the growth of the probiotic strain and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. The present study contributes to broadening knowledge on the prebiotic efficacy of inulin when incorporated into a complex food matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Bavaro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Mariaelena Di Biase
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Vito Linsalata
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Isabella D’Antuono
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Stella Lisa Lonigro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Garbetta
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesca Valerio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria Grazia Melilli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Cardinali
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy; (A.R.B.); (M.D.B.); (V.L.); (I.D.); (S.L.L.); (A.G.); (A.C.)
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3
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Melilli MG, Buzzanca C, Di Stefano V. Quality characteristics of cereal-based foods enriched with different degree of polymerization inulin: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121918. [PMID: 38431396 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Vegetables, cereals and fruit are foods rich in fibre with beneficial and nutritional effects as their consumption reduces the onset of degenerative diseases, especially cardiovascular ones. Among fibres, inulin, oligofructose or fructooligosaccharide (FOS) are the best-studied. Inulin is a generic term to cover all linear β(2-1) fructans, with a variable degree of polymerization. In this review a better understanding of the importance of the degree of polymerization of inulin as a dietary fibre, functions, health benefits, classifications, types and its applications in the food industry was considered in different fortified foods. Inulin has been used to increase the nutritional and healthy properties of the product as a sweetener and as a substitute for fats and carbohydrates, improving the nutritional value and decreasing the glycemic index, with the advantage of not compromising taste and consistency of the product. Bifidogenic and prebiotic effects of inulin have been well established, inulin-type fructans are fermented by the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids, with important local and systemic actions. Addition of inulin with different degrees of polymerization to daily foods for the production of fortified pasta and bread was reviewed, and the impact on sensorial, technological and organoleptic characteristics even of gluten-free bread was also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Melilli
- National Council of Research, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (CNR-ICB), Catania, Italy.
| | - Carla Buzzanca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90123, Palermo, Italy.
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Hassler V, Brand N, Wefers D. Isolation and characterization of exopolysaccharides from kombucha samples of different origins. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131377. [PMID: 38583850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Kombucha is prepared by fermenting sugared green or black tea with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Some of the bacteria within the SCOBY are known to form exopolysaccharides (EPS) from sucrose. However, it is yet unknown whether water-soluble EPS are formed in kombucha, and if so, which specific EPS are present. Therefore, different kombucha samples were prepared by fermentation of green and black tea with SCOBYs from different manufacturers. Subsequently, the EPS were isolated and characterized by using various chromatographic methods, partial enzymatic hydrolyses and NMR spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that levans with a varying degree of branching at position O1 (4.3-7.9 %) are present, while only trace amounts of glucans were detected. Furthermore, levans isolated from kombucha had a comparably low molecular weight and the content of levan within the kombucha samples varied from 33 to 562 mg levan/L kombucha. Therefore, our study demonstrated that levans are the main EPS type in kombucha and that levan amounts and structures varied when different starter cultures and ingredients were used. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive data set on the structural variability of levans from kombucha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Hassler
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Nele Brand
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Daniel Wefers
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Gao Y, Wang J, Xiao Y, Yu L, Tang Q, Wang Y, Zhou J. Structure characterization of an agavin-type fructan isolated from Polygonatum cyrtonema and its effect on the modulation of the gut microbiota in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121829. [PMID: 38368108 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The herbal medicine Polygonatum cyrtonema is highly regarded in China for its medicinal and dietary properties. However, further research is needed to elucidate the structure of its polysaccharide and understand how it promotes human health by modulating the gut microbiota. This study aims to investigate a homogeneous polysaccharide (PCP95-1-1) from Polygonatum cyrtonema and assess its susceptibility to digestion as well as its utilization by intestinal microbiota. The results confirmed that PCP95-1-1 is an agavin-type fructan, which possesses two fructose chains, namely β-(2 → 6) and β-(2 → 1) fructosyl-fructose, attached to the sucrose core, and has branches of β-D-Fruf residues. Moreover, PCP95-1-1 demonstrated resistance to digestion and maintained its reducing sugar content throughout the digestive system, indicating it could reach the gut without being digested. In vitro fermentation of PCP95-1-1 significantly decreased the pH value (p < 0.05) while notably increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), confirming its utilization by human gut microbiota. Additionally, PCP95-1-1 exhibited a significant ability (p < 0.05) to beneficial bacteria such as Megamonas and Bifidobacterium, while reducing the presence of facultative or conditional pathogens such as Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella at the genus level. Consequently, PCP95-1-1 has the potential to positively influence physical well-being by modulating the gut microbiota environment and can be developed as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Gao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- School of Food and Tourism, Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College, Shanghai 201415, China.
| | - Ling Yu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Qingjiu Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jianjin Zhou
- Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovative Utilization for Mountain Area, Sanming 365051, China
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6
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Cummings RD. A periodic table of monosaccharides. Glycobiology 2024; 34:cwad088. [PMID: 37935401 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is important to recognize the great diversity of monosaccharides commonly encountered in animals, plants, and microbes, as well as to organize them in a visually interesting style that also emphasizes their similarities and relatedness. This article discusses the nature of building blocks, monosaccharides, and monosaccharide derivatives-terms commonly used in discussing "glycomolecules" found in nature. To aid in awareness of monosaccharide diversity, here is presented a Periodic Table of Monosaccharides. The rationale is given for construction of the Table and the selection of 103 monosaccharides, which is largely based on those presented in the KEGG and SNFG websites of monosaccharides, and includes room to enlarge as new discoveries are made. The Table should have educational value and is intended to capture the attention and foster imagination of those not very familiar with glycosciences, and encourage researchers to delve deeper into this fascinating area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087-3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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7
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Vanaki E, Kamkar A, Noori N, Azizian A, Mohammadkhan F. The effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-12 and sensorial and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2182-2191. [PMID: 38455177 PMCID: PMC10916564 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root (ALE) on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-12 probiotic bacteria and sensory and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt was evaluated during 4 weeks storage at 4°C. According to this study, using 0.5% and 1% ALE significantly affected the survival of La-5 and Bb-12 during storage. The results showed that 1% of ALE counting of La-5 and Bb-12 has been reached from 6.96 and 8.14 Log CFU/g to 7.3 and 7.30 Log CFU/g after 28 days of storage. Moreover, adding 1% ALE to yogurt enhanced antioxidant activity and phenolic content to 1299.8 mg gallic acid/kg and 392.8 mg BHT eq./kg compared with the control (without extract) after storage, respectively. In general, in yogurt containing ALE, a decrease in Syneresis, undesirable changes in taste, texture, and appearance, and reduced overall acceptances were observed compared to the control. In conclusion, using this prebiotic compound (ALE) can improve nutritional properties and probiotic protection in yogurt during long time storage; thus, it is a good choice for application in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Vanaki
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Abolfazl Kamkar
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Negin Noori
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Asghar Azizian
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadkhan
- Department of Food Hygiene & Control, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
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Zaoui M, Louadj L, Ferrand N, Nehme R, Sabbah M, Abdennebi-Najar L. Carcinogenic effect of low doses of polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and amines and lack of protection by inulin supplementation. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114454. [PMID: 38237855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that meat processing and heat treatment may increase cancer risk through exposure to potentially carcinogenic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs). This study aims to investigate the effect of low concentrations of PAHs and HAAs (from 1 to 100 μmol/L/24h and 48h) in colorectal tumor cells (HT-29, HCT116, and LS174T) and to evaluate the effect of PAHs in the presence of inulin in mice. In vitro, the 4-PAHs have no effect on healthy colon cells but decreased the viability of the colorectal tumor cells and activated the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. In vivo, in mice with colitis induced by 3% DSS, the 4-PAHs (equimolar mix at 50,100, 150 mg/kg.bw, orally 3 times a week for 3 weeks) induced a loss of body weight and tumor formation. Inulin (10 g/L) had no effect on colon length and tumor formation. A significant decrease in the loss of b.w was observed in inulin group as compared to the fiber free group. These results underscore the importance of considering the biological association between low-dose exposure to 4-HAPs and diet-related colon tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Zaoui
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Lila Louadj
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Ferrand
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Ralph Nehme
- Quality and Health Department, IDELE Institute, 149 Rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Michele Sabbah
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Latifa Abdennebi-Najar
- Quality and Health Department, IDELE Institute, 149 Rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France.
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9
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Lin X, Zhang X, Xu B. Differences in physicochemical, rheological, and prebiotic properties of inulin isolated from five botanical sources and their potential applications. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114048. [PMID: 38395565 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study compares the physicochemical and prebiotic properties of inulin isolated from five botanical sources. The average degree of polymerization (DP) for inulin ranged from 5.00 to 13.33. Notably, inulin from Dahlia tubers (DP = 13) and Platycodonis Radix (DP = 8) demonstrated granular, clustered morphology under SEM, semi-crystalline structures via X-ray diffraction, and exhibited shear-thinning behaviors from shear rate 1 s-1 to 500 s-1. In contrast, inulin from Jerusalem artichoke (DP = 5), chicory root (DP = 7), and Asparagi Radix (DP = 5) showcased rough flake morphologies under SEM, amorphous structures in X-ray patterns, and similar shear-thinning behaviors. All inulin types showed acid stability at pH levels below 2.0, with a reducing sugar conversion ratio (RRS) under 1 %. Furthermore, the isolated inulin from the different sources presented prebiotic capacity when added as a sole carbon source in the culture media of the probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei and Bifidobacterium longum. This study provides the properties of inulin from various sources, thereby offering a reference for the selection of appropriate inulin in industrial applications based on the desired characteristics of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Lin
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Xuanyi Zhang
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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10
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Ghali ENHK, Pranav, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. Inulin-based formulations as an emerging therapeutic strategy for cancer: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129216. [PMID: 38185294 PMCID: PMC10922702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stands as the second leading cause of death in the United States (US). Most chemotherapeutic agents exhibit severe adverse effects that are attributed to exposure of drugs to off-target tissues, posing a significant challenge in cancer therapy management. In recent years, inulin, a naturally occurring prebiotic fiber has gained substantial attention for its potential in cancer treatment owing to its multitudinous health values. Its distinctive structure, stability, and nutritional properties position it as an effective adjuvant and carrier for drug delivery in cancer therapy. To address some of the above unmet clinical issues, this review summarizes the recent efforts towards the development of inulin-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites for healthcare applications with special emphasis on the multifunctional role of inulin in cancer therapy as a synergist, signaling molecule, immunomodulatory and anticarcinogenic molecule. Furthermore, the review provides a concise overview of ongoing clinical trials and observational studies associated with inulin-based therapy. In conclusion, the current review offers insights on the significant role of inulin interventions in exploring its potential as a therapeutic agent to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswara Naga Hanuma Kumar Ghali
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Pranav
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA.
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA.
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11
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Montes YMG, Calle ERV, Terán SGS, García MRC, Nájera JCR, Vera MRL. Growth kinetics of Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus casei in liquid culture medium containing as prebiotics inulin or fructose. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1258-1270. [PMID: 37801661 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive microbiology is a tool that allows us to evaluate the behavior of the concentration of biomass and estimated cells under extrinsic conditions, providing scientific and industrial benefits. In the present study, the growth of L. lactis and L. casei combined with inulin and fructose was modeled using the Gompertz sigmoidal growth functions and plotted using data obtained from batch culture in relation to biomass and cell concentration expressed as estimates in ln N (OD600nm and cells mL-1 ) as a function of time. RESULTS The results of the kinetic modeling indicated that (T1) A1B1 = L. lactis + fructose and (T4) A2B2 = L. casei + inulin presented the best function coefficients and best fits in most cases compared to the rest. The specific growth rate of the maximum acceleration was from 0.364 to 0.473 h-1 and 0.100 to 0.129 h-1 , the concentration of bacterial cells (A) was from 0.556 to 0.713 and 0.425 to 0.548 respectively and the time where (μ) occurred with a greater magnitude (L) fluctuated between 0.854 and 0.802 and when this time in (L) is very fast, it presents values of ≤0.072 to ≤0.092. Its coefficient of determination and/or multiple regression (R2 ) obtained in the two adjustments was 0.97. CONCLUSION It was possible to predict the influence of the carbon source on the behavior of maximum growth rates, higher consumption due to nutrient affinity and shorter growth time. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yessenia Maribel García Montes
- Departamento de Ciencias de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y Tecnologías, Universidad Laica 'Eloy Alfaro' de Manabí, Av. Circunvalación, Manta, Ecuador
| | - Edwin Rafael Vera Calle
- Departamento de Ciencias de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Stalin Gustavo Santacruz Terán
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y Tecnologías, Universidad Laica 'Eloy Alfaro' de Manabí, Av. Circunvalación, Manta, Ecuador
| | - Marlon Reinaldo Castro García
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y Tecnologías, Universidad Laica 'Eloy Alfaro' de Manabí, Av. Circunvalación, Manta, Ecuador
| | | | - Mario René Lopez Vera
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí 'MFL', Calceta, Ecuador
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12
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Schroeder HT, De Lemos Muller CH, Heck TG, Krause M, Homem de Bittencourt PI. Resolution of inflammation in chronic disease via restoration of the heat shock response (HSR). Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:66-87. [PMID: 38309688 PMCID: PMC10939035 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective resolution of inflammation via the heat shock response (HSR) is pivotal in averting the transition to chronic inflammatory states. This transition characterizes a spectrum of debilitating conditions, including insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular ailments. This manuscript explores a range of physiological, pharmacological, and nutraceutical interventions aimed at reinstating the HSR in the context of chronic low-grade inflammation, as well as protocols to assess the HSR. Monitoring the progression or suppression of the HSR in patients and laboratory animals offers predictive insights into the organism's capacity to combat chronic inflammation, as well as the impact of exercise and hyperthermic treatments (e.g., sauna or hot tub baths) on the HSR. Interestingly, a reciprocal correlation exists between the expression of HSR components in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and the extent of local tissue proinflammatory activity in individuals afflicted by chronic inflammatory disorders. Therefore, the Heck index, contrasting extracellular 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins (HSP70) (proinflammatory) and intracellular HSP70 (anti-inflammatory) in PBL, serves as a valuable metric for HSR assessment. Our laboratory has also developed straightforward protocols for evaluating HSR by subjecting whole blood samples from both rodents and human volunteers to ex vivo heat challenges. Collectively, this discussion underscores the critical role of HSR disruption in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory states and emphasizes the significance of simple, cost-effective tools for clinical HSR assessment. This understanding is instrumental in the development of innovative strategies for preventing and managing chronic inflammatory diseases, which continue to exert a substantial global burden on morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Trevisan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique De Lemos Muller
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Post Graduate Program in Integral Health Care (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ/URI), Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande Do Sul State (UNIJUI) and Post Graduate Program in Mathematical and Computational Modeling (PPGMMC), UNIJUI, Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX), Department of Physiology, ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (FisCel), Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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13
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Vojvodić Cebin A, Bunić M, Mandura Jarić A, Šeremet D, Komes D. Physicochemical and Sensory Stability Evaluation of Gummy Candies Fortified with Mountain Germander Extract and Prebiotics. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:259. [PMID: 38257059 PMCID: PMC10818720 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Health-conscious consumers seek convenient ways of incorporating different functional ingredients into their diets. Gummy candies are among the most popular confectionery products but generally regarded as nutritionally empty. A gelatin-sugar matrix, providing a highly appreciated sensory experience of sweetness and chewiness, could be used to deliver various bioactive compounds, especially those carrying an unpleasant taste. This work aimed to formulate gelatin gummies based on the mountain germander extract (MGe) as a source of phenylethanoid glycosides (PhEG). Sucrose and glucose syrup contents were partially or completely substituted with combinations of xylitol, maltitol and prebiotic poly- and oligosaccharides. Chemical, textural and sensory parameters were evaluated after production and 2 months of storage. Formulations containing fructooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides maintained a characteristic appearance during storage at all three levels of sugar (high, low and none), whereas inulin-added and plain (i.e., without prebiotic) candies suffered from mold contamination or appearance/textural changes. The color of the candies noticeably changed and appeared darker. The PhEG were shown to be stable during the candies' production (approximately 90%) and generally maintained their contents during storage. Texture parameters, except hardness, exhibited high positive correlations and resembled the commercial product. Sensory-wise, a moderate bitterness intensity with a decreasing tendency, along with the high transparency and preservation of the characteristic shape facilitated high general acceptance. Gummy candies with prebiotics were shown to be a highly suitable matrix for the bitter MGe, delivering up to 40 mg of PhEG and 4.5 g of prebiotics in one serving size. This study provides a reference for implementing herbal extracts and emerging prebiotics (XOS) in functional confectionery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Draženka Komes
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.V.C.); (M.B.); (D.Š.)
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14
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Xue H, Ju Y, Ye X, Dai M, Tang C, Liu L. Construction of intelligent drug delivery system based on polysaccharide-derived polymer micelles: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:128048. [PMID: 37967605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Micelles are nanostructures developed via the spontaneous assembly of amphiphilic polymers in aqueous systems, which possess the advantages of high drug stability or active-ingredient solubilization, targeted transport, controlled release, high bioactivity, and stability. Polysaccharides have excellent water solubility, biocompatibility, and degradability, and can be modified to achieve a hydrophobic core to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, improve drug biocompatibility, and achieve regulated delivery of the loaded drug. Micelles drug delivery systems based on polysaccharides and their derivatives show great potential in the biomedical field. This review discusses the principles of self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers and the formation of micelles; the preparation of amphiphilic polysaccharides is described in detail, and an overview of common polysaccharides and their modifications is provided. We focus on the review of strategies for encapsulating drugs in polysaccharide-derived polymer micelles (PDPMs) and building intelligent drug delivery systems. This review provides new research directions that will help promote future research and development of PDPMs in the field of drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqian Xue
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yikun Ju
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xiuzhi Ye
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
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15
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Tan J, Ribeiro RV, Barker C, Daien C, De Abreu Silveira E, Holmes A, Nanan R, Simpson SJ, Macia L. Functional profiling of gut microbial and immune responses toward different types of dietary fiber: a step toward personalized dietary interventions. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2274127. [PMID: 37942526 PMCID: PMC10730188 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2274127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining gut and overall health. The objective of this study was to investigate whether different types of dietary fiber elicited specific changes in gut microbiota composition and the production of short-chain fatty acids. To test this, a longitudinal crossover study design was employed, in which healthy adult women consumed three distinct dietary fiber supplements: Inulin (fructo-oligosaccharide), Vitafiber (isomalto-oligosaccharide), and Fibremax (mixture of different fiber) during a one-week intervention period, followed by a 2-week washout period. A total of 15 g of soluble fiber was consumed daily for each supplement. Samples were collected before and after each intervention to analyze the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids measured using nuclear magnetic resonance. Phenotypic changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were studied in subsets of participants with higher SCFA levels post-intervention using spectral flow cytometry. The results revealed substantial stability and resilience of the overall gut bacterial community toward fiber-induced changes. However, each supplement had specific effects on gut bacterial alpha and beta diversity, SCFA production, and immune changes. Inulin consistently exerted the most pronounced effect across individuals and certain taxa were identified as potential indicators of SCFA production in response to inulin supplementation. This distinguishing feature was not observed for the other fiber supplements. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings. Overall, our study implies that personalized dietary fiber intervention could be tailored to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria to maximize SCFA production and associated health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rosilene V. Ribeiro
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and Alzheimer’s Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Barker
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Daien
- Rheumatology, teaching hospital of Montpellier and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, (PhyMedExp), Montpellier, France
| | - Erick De Abreu Silveira
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School and Charles Perkins Centre Nepean, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Cytometry, The University of Sydney and The Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
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16
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Ribeiro PVDM, Veloso TG, de Oliveira LL, Mendes NP, Alfenas RDCG. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet increased the relative abundance of intestinal bacteria in obese adults. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3085-3099. [PMID: 37807018 PMCID: PMC10689717 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics can alter the gastrointestinal environment, favoring the growth of health-promoting bacteria. Although yacon is a functional food, with prebiotic properties (fructooligosaccharides), its effects on the intestinal microbiota have not been investigated yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yacon flour consumption and energy-restricted diet in the intestinal microbiota in adults with excess body weight. Twenty-one adults with excess body weight were included in this randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical trial. Subjects daily consumed at breakfast a drink containing 25 g of yacon flour (n = 11) or not containing yacon (n = 10) and received the prescription of energy-restricted diets. Fecal samples were collected on the first and on last day of the study. 16S rRNA sequencing was assessed to evaluate the effect of yacon fermentation on intestinal microbiota bacterial composition. There was an increase in the genera Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Subdoligranulum, and Streptococcus after the consumption of yacon and energy-restricted diet. In the yacon group, we also observed a positive correlation between the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids versus the genera Coprococcus and Howardella, besides a negative correlation between the concentrations of advanced glycation end products and early glycation products versus the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotella, respectively. Consumption of yacon flour and energy-restricted diet selectively changed the intestinal microbiota composition in adults with excess body weight. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Register number: RBR-6YH6BQ. Registered 23 January, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vaz de Melo Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Gomes Veloso
- Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Nélia Pinheiro Mendes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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17
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Riwes MM, Golob JL, Magenau J, Shan M, Dick G, Braun T, Schmidt TM, Pawarode A, Anand S, Ghosh M, Maciejewski J, King D, Choi S, Yanik G, Geer M, Hillman E, Lyssiotis CA, Tewari M, Reddy P. Feasibility of a dietary intervention to modify gut microbial metabolism in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Nat Med 2023; 29:2805-2813. [PMID: 37857710 PMCID: PMC10667101 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of the impact of dietary intervention on gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolites after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is lacking. We conducted a feasibility study as the first of a two-phase trial. Ten adults received resistant potato starch (RPS) daily from day -7 to day 100. The primary objective was to test the feasibility of RPS and its effect on intestinal microbiome and metabolites, including the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. Feasibility met the preset goal of 60% or more, adhering to 70% or more doses; fecal butyrate levels were significantly higher when participants were on RPS than when they were not (P < 0.0001). An exploratory objective was to evaluate plasma metabolites. We observed longitudinal changes in plasma metabolites compared to baseline, which were independent of RPS (P < 0.0001). However, in recipients of RPS, the dominant plasma metabolites were more stable compared to historical controls with significant difference at engraftment (P < 0.05). These results indicate that RPS in recipients of allogeneic HCT is feasible; in this study, it was associated with significant alterations in intestinal and plasma metabolites. A phase 2 trial examining the effect of RPS on graft-versus-host disease in recipients of allogeneic HCT is underway. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02763033 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Riwes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan L Golob
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Magenau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mengrou Shan
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gregory Dick
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas M Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Attaphol Pawarode
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sarah Anand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Monalisa Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Maciejewski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Darren King
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gregory Yanik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcus Geer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ethan Hillman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Muneesh Tewari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pavan Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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18
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Rawi MH, Tan HY, Sarbini SR. Identification of acacia gum fermenting bacteria from pooled human feces using anaerobic enrichment culture. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1245042. [PMID: 37881253 PMCID: PMC10597704 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1245042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercial acacia gum (AG) used in this study is a premium-grade free-flowing powder. It is a gummy exudate composed of arabinogalactan branched polysaccharide, a biopolymer of arabinose and galactose. Also known as food additive, acacia gum (E414), which is presently marketed as a functional dietary fiber to improve overall human gut health. The health effects may be related to the luminal pH regulation from the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production. Studies suggested that amylolytic and butyrogenic pathways are the major factors determining the SCFA outcome of AG in the lower gut. However, the primary bacteria involved in the fermentation have not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the putative primary degraders of acacia gum in the gut ecosystem. Isolation and identification of gum-fermenting bacteria were performed through enrichment culture fermentation. The experiment was conducted in an anaerobic chamber for 144 h in three stages. The study was conducted in triplicate using an anaerobic chamber system. This culture system allows specific responses to support only bacteria that are responsible for gum fermentation among the gut microbiota. Five bacterial strains were isolated and found to be gum-fermenting bacteria. Based on the 16s RNA sequence, the isolates matched to butyrate-producing Escherichia fergusonii, ATCC 35469.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Hanif Rawi
- Innovative Food Processing and Ingredients Research Group, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Hui Yan Tan
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Razid Sarbini
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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19
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Kido Y, Saburi W, Nagura T, Mori H. Hydrolysis-transglycosylation of sucrose and production of β-(2→1)-fructan by inulosucrase from Neobacillus drentensis 57N. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1169-1182. [PMID: 37491698 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Inulin, β-(2→1)-fructan, is a beneficial polysaccharide used as a functional food ingredient. Microbial inulosucrases (ISs), catalyzing β-(2→1)-transfructosylation, produce β-(2→1)-fructan from sucrose. In this study, we identified a new IS (NdIS) from the soil isolate, Neobacillus drentensis 57N. Sequence analysis revealed that, like other Bacillaceae ISs, NdIS consists of a glycoside hydrolase family 68 domain and shares most of the 1-kestose-binding residues of the archaeal IS, InuHj. Native and recombinant NdIS were characterized. NdIS is a homotetramer. It does not require calcium for activity. High performance liquid chromatography and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that NdIS catalyzed the hydrolysis and β-(2→1)-transfructosylation of sucrose to synthesize β-(2→1)-fructan with chain lengths of 42 or more residues. The rate dependence on sucrose concentration followed hydrolysis-transglycosylation kinetics, and a 50% transglycosylation ratio was obtained at 344 m m sucrose. These results suggest that transfructosylation from sucrose to β-(2→1)-fructan occurs predominantly to elongate the fructan chain because sucrose is an unfavorable acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kido
- Research Center, Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Wataru Saburi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Taizo Nagura
- Research Center, Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Haruhide Mori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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20
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Li J, Wiebenga A, Lipzen A, Ng V, Tejomurthula S, Zhang Y, Grigoriev IV, Peng M, de Vries RP. Comparative Genomics and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveal Divergent Plant Biomass-Degrading Strategies in Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:860. [PMID: 37623631 PMCID: PMC10455118 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant biomass is one of the most abundant renewable carbon sources, which holds great potential for replacing current fossil-based production of fuels and chemicals. In nature, fungi can efficiently degrade plant polysaccharides by secreting a broad range of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), such as cellulases, hemicellulases, and pectinases. Due to the crucial role of plant biomass-degrading (PBD) CAZymes in fungal growth and related biotechnology applications, investigation of their genomic diversity and transcriptional dynamics has attracted increasing attention. In this project, we systematically compared the genome content of PBD CAZymes in six taxonomically distant species, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nidulans, Penicillium subrubescens, Trichoderma reesei, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Dichomitus squalens, as well as their transcriptome profiles during growth on nine monosaccharides. Considerable genomic variation and remarkable transcriptomic diversity of CAZymes were identified, implying the preferred carbon source of these fungi and their different methods of transcription regulation. In addition, the specific carbon utilization ability inferred from genomics and transcriptomics was compared with fungal growth profiles on corresponding sugars, to improve our understanding of the conversion process. This study enhances our understanding of genomic and transcriptomic diversity of fungal plant polysaccharide-degrading enzymes and provides new insights into designing enzyme mixtures and metabolic engineering of fungi for related industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Ad Wiebenga
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Anna Lipzen
- USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (A.L.); (V.N.); (S.T.); (Y.Z.); (I.V.G.)
| | - Vivian Ng
- USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (A.L.); (V.N.); (S.T.); (Y.Z.); (I.V.G.)
| | - Sravanthi Tejomurthula
- USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (A.L.); (V.N.); (S.T.); (Y.Z.); (I.V.G.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (A.L.); (V.N.); (S.T.); (Y.Z.); (I.V.G.)
| | - Igor V. Grigoriev
- USA Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; (A.L.); (V.N.); (S.T.); (Y.Z.); (I.V.G.)
- Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mao Peng
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Ronald P. de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.L.); (M.P.)
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21
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Devi R, Sharma E, Thakur R, Lal P, Kumar A, Altaf MA, Singh B, Tiwari RK, Lal MK, Kumar R. Non-dairy prebiotics: Conceptual relevance with nutrigenomics and mechanistic understanding of the effects on human health. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112980. [PMID: 37316060 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing health awareness of consumers has made a shift towards vegan and non-dairy prebiotics counterparts. Non-dairy prebiotics when fortified with vegan products have interesting properties and widely found its applications in food industry. The chief vegan products that have prebiotics added include water-soluble plant-based extracts (fermented beverages, frozen desserts), cereals (bread, cookies), and fruits (juices & jelly, ready to eat fruits). The main prebiotic components utilized are inulin, oligofructose, polydextrose, fructooligosaccharides, and xylooligosaccharides. Prebiotics' formulations, type and food matrix affect food products, host health, and technological attributes. Prebiotics from non-dairy sources have a variety of physiological effects that help to prevent and treat chronic metabolic diseases. This review focuses on mechanistic insight on non-dairy prebiotics affecting human health, how nutrigenomics is related to prebiotics development, and role of gene-microbes' interactions. The review will provide industries and researchers with important information about prebiotics, mechanism of non-dairy prebiotics and microbe interaction as well as prebiotic based vegan products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Devi
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Eshita Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Richa Thakur
- Division of Silviculture and Forest Management, Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Shimla, India
| | - Priyanka Lal
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar GT Road (NH1), Phagwara, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | | | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
| | | | - Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India.
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India.
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22
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Sunanta P, Kontogiorgos V, Pankasemsuk T, Jantanasakulwong K, Rachtanapun P, Seesuriyachan P, Sommano SR. The nutritional value, bioactive availability and functional properties of garlic and its related products during processing. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1142784. [PMID: 37560057 PMCID: PMC10409574 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1142784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic, a common culinary spice, is cultivated and used around the globe. Consumption of garlic and its supplements reduces the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease and boosts the immune system with antibacterial, antifungal, anti-aging, and anti-cancer properties. Diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, triallyl trisulfide, phenolics, flavonoids, and others are the most commercially recognized active ingredients in garlic and its products. In recent years, global demand for medicinal or functional garlic has surged, introducing several products such as garlic oil, aged garlic, black garlic, and inulin into the market. Garlic processing has been demonstrated to directly impact the availability of bioactive ingredients and the functionality of products. Depending on the anticipated functional qualities, it is also recommended that one or a combination of processing techniques be deemed desirable over the others. This work describes the steps involved in processing fresh garlic into products and their physicochemical alterations during processing. Their nutritional, phytochemical, and functional properties are also reviewed. Considering the high demand for functional food, this review has been compiled to provide guidance for food producers on the industrial utilization and suitability of garlic for new product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyachat Sunanta
- Multidisciplinary Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Vassilis Kontogiorgos
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tanachai Pankasemsuk
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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23
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Lionetti P, Wine E, Ran Ressler R, Minor GJ, Major G, Zemrani B, Gottrand F, Romano C. Use of fiber-containing enteral formula in pediatric clinical practice: an expert opinion review. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:665-675. [PMID: 37278084 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2217355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children who require enteral nutrition often report gastrointestinal symptoms. There is a growing interest in nutrition formulas that meet nutritional requirements and also maintain gut ecology and function. Fiber-containing enteral formulas can improve bowel function, promote the growth of healthy gut microbiota, and improve immune homeostasis. Nonetheless, guidance in clinical practice is lacking. AREAS COVERED This expert opinion article summarizes the available literature and collects the opinion of eight experts on the importance and use of fiber-containing enteral formulas in pediatrics. The present review was supported by a bibliographical literature search on Medline via PubMed to collect the most relevant articles. EXPERT OPINION The current evidence supports using fibers in enteral formulas as first-line nutrition therapy. Dietary fibers should be considered for all patients receiving enteral nutrition and can be slowly introduced from six months of age. Fiber properties that define the functional/physiological properties of the fiber must be considered. Clinicians should balance the dose of fiber with tolerability and feasibility. Introducing fiber-containing enteral formulas should be considered when initiating tube feeding. Dietary fiber should be introduced gradually, especially in fiber-naïve children, with an individualized symptom-based approach. Patients should continue with the fiber-containing enteral formulas they tolerate best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Lionetti
- Department Neurofarba, University of Florence - Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Eytan Wine
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Rinat Ran Ressler
- Nestle Product Technology Center, Nestlé Health Sciences, Bridgewater, NJ, US
| | - Gerard J Minor
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Kidz Medical Services, Florida, USA
| | - Giles Major
- Department Gastrointestinal Health, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Boutaina Zemrani
- Clinical Research and Development, Pediatric Medical Nutrition, Nestlé Health Science, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, University Lille, Lille, France
| | - Claudio Romano
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University of Messina, Italy
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24
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Valente AH, Jensen KMR, Myhill LJ, Zhu L, Mentzel CMJ, Krych L, Simonsen HT, Castro-Mejía JL, Gobbi A, Bach Knudsen KE, Nielsen DS, Thamsborg SM, Williams AR. Dietary non-starch polysaccharides impair immunity to enteric nematode infection. BMC Biol 2023; 21:138. [PMID: 37316905 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of diet on immune function and resistance to enteric infection and disease is becoming ever more established. Highly processed, refined diets can lead to inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis, whilst health-promoting dietary components such as phytonutrients and fermentable fibres are thought to promote a healthy microbiome and balanced mucosal immunity. Chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a leafy green vegetable rich in fibres and bioactive compounds that may promote gut health. RESULTS Unexpectedly, we here show that incorporation of chicory into semisynthetic AIN93G diets renders mice susceptible to infection with enteric helminths. Mice fed a high level of chicory leaves (10% dry matter) had a more diverse gut microbiota, but a diminished type-2 immune response to infection with the intestinal roundworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Furthermore, the chicory-supplemented diet significantly increased burdens of the caecum-dwelling whipworm Trichuris muris, concomitant with a highly skewed type-1 immune environment in caecal tissue. The chicory-supplemented diet was rich in non-starch polysaccharides, particularly uronic acids (the monomeric constituents of pectin). In accordance, mice fed pectin-supplemented AIN93G diets had higher T. muris burdens and reduced IgE production and expression of genes involved in type-2 immunity. Importantly, treatment of pectin-fed mice with exogenous IL-25 restored type-2 responses and was sufficient to allow T. muris expulsion. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that increasing levels of fermentable, non-starch polysaccharides in refined diets compromises immunity to helminth infection in mice. This diet-infection interaction may inform new strategies for manipulating the gut environment to promote resistance to enteric parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Valente
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Karen M R Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Laura J Myhill
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Caroline M J Mentzel
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Departmet of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henrik T Simonsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Gobbi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Dennis S Nielsen
- Departmet of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Stig M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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25
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Du M, Cheng X, Qian L, Huo A, Chen J, Sun Y. Extraction, Physicochemical Properties, Functional Activities and Applications of Inulin Polysaccharide: a Review. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:243-252. [PMID: 37097509 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Inulin is a naturally soluble dietary fiber that is widely distributed and primarily derived from plants. As a reserve biopolysaccharide in plants, inulin is considered an indigestible carbohydrate of fructan because of its unique β-(2,1)-glycosidic bond structure. Numerous recent animal and human experimental studies have shown that functional inulin possesses multiple bioactivities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and gastrointestinal protective activities. Due to its increasing popularity, people tend to consume foods containing inulin. Moreover, inulin holds promise as a bioactive compound for use in the development of various food products. Therefore, this paper provides a detailed review of the extraction method, physicochemical properties, functional activity, and application development of inulin polysaccharides, to provide a theoretical foundation for further advancements in the fields of preparation and application of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Du
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Xueyan Cheng
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Lijuan Qian
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Ayue Huo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Yujun Sun
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China.
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26
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Bajic D, Wiens F, Wintergerst E, Deyaert S, Baudot A, Van den Abbeele P. HMOs Exert Marked Bifidogenic Effects on Children’s Gut Microbiota Ex Vivo, Due to Age-Related Bifidobacterium Species Composition. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071701. [PMID: 37049541 PMCID: PMC10097135 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are substrates that are selectively utilized by host microorganisms, thus conferring a health benefit. There is a growing awareness that interpersonal and age-dependent differences in gut microbiota composition impact prebiotic effects. Due to the interest in using human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) beyond infancy, this study evaluated how HMOs [2’Fucosyllactose (2’FL), Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3’Sialyllactose (3’SL), 6’Sialyllactose (6’SL)] and blends thereof affect the microbiota of 6-year-old children (n = 6) and adults (n = 6), compared to prebiotics inulin (IN) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The ex vivo SIFR® technology was used, given its demonstrated predictivity in clinical findings. First, HMOs and HMO blends seemed to maintain a higher α-diversity compared to FOS/IN. Further, while 2′FL/LNnT were bifidogenic for both age groups, 3′SL/6′SL and FOS/IN were exclusively bifidogenic for children and adults, respectively. This originated from age-related differences in microbiota composition because while 3′SL/6′SL stimulated B. pseudocatenulatum (abundant in children), FOS/IN enhanced B. adolescentis (abundant in adults). Moreover, all treatments significantly increased acetate, propionate and butyrate (only in adults) with product- and age-dependent differences. Among the HMOs, 6′SL specifically stimulated propionate (linked to Bacteroides fragilis in children and Phocaeicola massiliensis in adults), while LNnT stimulated butyrate (linked to Anaerobutyricum hallii in adults). Indole-3-lactic acid and 3-phenyllactic acid (linked to immune health) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (linked to gut-brain axis) were most profoundly stimulated by 2′FL and HMO blends in both children and adults, correlating with specific Bifidobacteriaceae. Finally, 2′FL/LNnT increased melatonin in children, while 3′SL remarkably increased folic acid in adults. Overall, age-dependent differences in microbiota composition greatly impacted prebiotic outcomes, advocating for the development of age-specific nutritional supplements. HMOs were shown to be promising modulators in the adult, and particularly the children’s microbiota. The observed HMO-specific effects, likely originating from their structural heterogeneity, suggest that blends of different HMOs could maximize treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Bajic
- Glycom A/S-DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Kogle Allé 4, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Frank Wiens
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Eva Wintergerst
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Stef Deyaert
- Cryptobiotix SA, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurélien Baudot
- Cryptobiotix SA, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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27
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The Interplay of Dietary Fibers and Intestinal Microbiota Affects Type 2 Diabetes by Generating Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051023. [PMID: 36900540 PMCID: PMC10001013 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Foods contain dietary fibers which can be classified into soluble and insoluble forms. The nutritional composition of fast foods is considered unhealthy because it negatively affects the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary fiber is resistant to digestive enzymes in the gut, which modulates the anaerobic intestinal microbiota (AIM) and fabricates SCFAs. Acetate, butyrate, and propionate are dominant in the gut and are generated via Wood-Ljungdahl and acrylate pathways. In pancreatic dysfunction, the release of insulin/glucagon is impaired, leading to hyperglycemia. SCFAs enhance insulin sensitivity or secretion, beta-cell function, leptin release, mitochondrial function, and intestinal gluconeogenesis in human organs, which positively affects type 2 diabetes (T2D). Research models have shown that SCFAs either enhance the release of peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from L-cells (entero-endocrine), or promotes the release of leptin hormone in adipose tissues through G-protein receptors GPR-41 and GPR-43. Dietary fiber is a component that influences the production of SCFAs by AIM, which may have beneficial effects on T2D. This review focuses on the effectiveness of dietary fiber in producing SCFAs in the colon by the AIM as well as the health-promoting effects on T2D.
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28
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Perler BK, Friedman ES, Wu GD. The Role of the Gut Microbiota in the Relationship Between Diet and Human Health. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:449-468. [PMID: 36375468 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-092054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and host health is complex. Diets associated with health have many similarities: high fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols while being low in saturated fats, sodium, and refined carbohydrates. Over the past several decades, dietary patterns have changed significantly in Westernized nations with the increased consumption of calorically dense ultraprocessed foods low in fiber and high in saturated fats, salt, and refined carbohydrates, leading to numerous negative health consequences including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. The gut microbiota is an environmental factor that interacts with diet and may also have an impact on health outcomes, many of which involve metabolites produced by the microbiota from dietary components that can impact the host. This review focuses on our current understanding of the complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and host health, with examples of how diet can support health, increase an individual's risk for disease, and be used as a therapy for specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce K Perler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Elliot S Friedman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Gary D Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
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29
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Ingallina C, Di Matteo G, Spano M, Acciaro E, Campiglia E, Mannina L, Sobolev AP. Byproducts of Globe Artichoke and Cauliflower Production as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds in the Green Economy Perspective: An NMR Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031363. [PMID: 36771031 PMCID: PMC9919138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The recovery of bioactive compounds from crop byproducts leads to a new perspective way of waste reutilization as a part of the circular economy. The present study aimed at an exhaustive metabolite profile characterization of globe artichoke and cauliflower byproducts (leaves, stalks, and florets for cauliflower only) as a prerequisite for their valorization and future implementations. The metabolite profile of aqueous and organic extracts of byproducts was analyzed using the NMR-based metabolomics approach. Free amino acids, organic acids, sugars, polyols, polyphenols, amines, glucosinolates, fatty acids, phospho- and galactolipids, sterols, and sesquiterpene lactones were identified and quantified. In particular, globe artichoke byproducts are a source of health-beneficial compounds including chiro-inositol (up to 10.1 mg/g), scyllo-inositol (up to 1.8 mg/g), sesquiterpene lactones (cynaropicrin, grosheimin, dehydrocynaropicrin, up to 45.5 mg/g in total), inulins, and chlorogenic acid (up to 7.5 mg/g), whereas cauliflower byproducts enclose bioactive sulfur-containing compounds S-methyl-L-cysteine S-oxide (methiin, up to 20.7 mg/g) and glucosinolates. A variable content of all metabolites was observed depending on the crop type (globe artichoke vs. cauliflower) and the plant part (leaves vs. stalks). The results here reported can be potentially used in different ways, including the formulation of new plant biostimulants and food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ingallina
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Matteo
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Spano
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Acciaro
- “Annalaura Segre” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute for Biological Systems, CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Enio Campiglia
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anatoly Petrovich Sobolev
- “Annalaura Segre” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute for Biological Systems, CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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30
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New perspectives for mechanisms, ingredients, and their preparation for promoting the formation of beneficial bacterial biofilm. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01777-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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31
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Mysonhimer AR, Holscher HD. Gastrointestinal Effects and Tolerance of Nondigestible Carbohydrate Consumption. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2237-2276. [PMID: 36041173 PMCID: PMC9776669 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nondigestible carbohydrates (NDCs) are food components, including nonstarch polysaccharides and resistant starches. Many NDCs are classified as dietary fibers by the US FDA. Because of their beneficial effects on human health and product development, NDCs are widely used in the food supply. Although there are dietary intake recommendations for total dietary fiber, there are no such recommendations for individual NDCs. NDCs are heterogeneous in their chemical composition and physicochemical properties-characteristics that contribute to their tolerable intake levels. Guidance on tolerable intake levels of different NDCs is needed because overconsumption can lead to undesirable gastrointestinal side effects, further widening the gap between actual and suggested fiber intake levels. In this review, we synthesize the literature on gastrointestinal effects of NDCs that the FDA accepts as dietary fibers (β-glucan, pectin, arabinoxylan, guar gum, alginate, psyllium husk, inulin, fructooligosaccharides and oligofructose, galactooligosaccharides, polydextrose, cellulose, soy fiber, resistant maltodextrin/dextrin) and present tolerable intake dose recommendations for their consumption. We summarized the findings from 103 clinical trials in adults without gastrointestinal disease who reported gastrointestinal effects, including tolerance (e.g., bloating, flatulence, borborygmi/rumbling) and function (e.g., transit time, stool frequency, stool consistency). These studies provided doses ranging from 0.75-160 g/d and lasted for durations ranging from a single-meal tolerance test to 28 wk. Tolerance was NDC specific; thus, recommendations ranged from 3.75 g/d for alginate to 25 g/d for soy fiber. Future studies should address gaps in the literature by testing a wider range of NDC doses and consumption forms (solid compared with liquid). Furthermore, future investigations should also adopt a standard protocol to examine tolerance and functional outcomes across studies consistently.
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32
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Influence of Dietary Inulin on Fecal Microbiota, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Eicosanoids, and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244072. [PMID: 36553814 PMCID: PMC9778385 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the influence of inulin on fecal microbiota, cardiometabolic risk factors, eicosanoids, and oxidative stress in rats on a high-fat (HF) diet. Thirty-six male Wistar-Kyoto rats were divided into three dietary groups: standard diet, HF diet, and HF diet + Inulin diet. After 10 weeks, the HF + Inulin diet promoted high dominance of a few bacterial genera including Blautia and Olsenella in feces while reducing richness, diversity, and rarity compared to the HF diet. These changes in fecal microbiota were accompanied by an increased amount of propionic acid in feces. The HF + Inulin diet decreased cardiometabolic risk factors, decreased the amount of the eicosanoids 11(12)-EET and 15-HETrE in the liver, and decreased oxidative stress in blood compared to the HF diet. In conclusion, increasing consumption of inulin may be a useful nutritional strategy to protect against the onset of obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities by means of modulation of gut microbiota.
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Bhanja A, Sutar PP, Mishra M. Inulin-A polysaccharide: Review on its functional and prebiotic efficacy. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14386. [PMID: 36166490 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The intake of dietary fibers in the regular diet results in boosting the gut microbiome and health of the host in several ways. The misapprehension about such dietary fibers of being only an indigestible product has changed into indispensable ingredient that has to be included in every healthy diet. Inulin is considered to be an important naturally occurring fructan classified under such dietary fibers. The present review intends to provide a thorough knowledge on inulin in maintaining the gut microbiome of the human, supported by several studies conducted on the Drosophila melanogaster, mice, rat models as well as effect on human being. The extraction process of inulin has also been described in this review that would provide a brief knowledge about its stability and the conditions that have been optimized by the researchers in order to obtain a stable product. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In order to meet the consumers demand, the food industries are trying to come up with new products that could eventually replace or lower the utilization of medically avail drugs and satisfy consumers by providing them with health benefits. The availability of functional food is the new trend that can improve health of the consumers with minimal use of the drugs. Therefore, inulin as a prebiotic can be utilized to produce several functional food products that could promote health benefits to the consumers. Apart from this, the review also justifies the efficacy of inulin as a fat replacer, stabilizer, and humectant in cosmetic industries. Research also suggests that inulin has also been used as nanoparticles in pharmaceutical industries. The overall review also depicts the different extraction process of inulin from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Bhanja
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Parag Prakash Sutar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
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Xu H, Li Q, Zhao W, Yu S. Improving the catalytic activity of difructose anhydride III hydrolase from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 by modification of two residues. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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35
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Wang R, Shan H, Zhang G, Li Q, Wang J, Yan Q, Li E, Diao Y, Wei L. An inulin-type fructan (AMP1-1) from Atractylodes macrocephala with anti-weightlessness bone loss activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Griffin LE, Radhakrishnan S, Pellizzon MA. Addition of Soluble Fiber in Low-Fat Purified Diets Maintains Cecal and Colonic Morphology, Modulates Bacterial Populations and Predicted Functions, and Improves Glucose Tolerance Compared with Traditional AIN Diets in Male Mice. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac105. [PMID: 36204330 PMCID: PMC9529224 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Purified diets (PDs) contain refined ingredients with one main nutrient, allowing for greater control relative to grain-based diets (GBDs), which contain unrefined grains and animal byproducts. Traditional PDs like the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-76A (76A) and AIN-93G (93G) can negatively impact metabolic and gut health when fed long term, in part due to lower total fiber, no soluble fiber, and higher sucrose content. Objective Two studies were conducted to determine how PDs with reduced sucrose and increased fiber (soluble and insoluble) influence metabolic and gut health in mice compared with traditional AIN PDs or GBDs. Methods In study 1, C57Bl/6N mice (n = 75) consumed a GBD [LabDiet 5002 (5002)], 76A, 93G, or 2 PDs with reduced sucrose and higher fiber for 88 d. Body composition and metabolic parameters were assessed. In study 2, C57Bl/6N mice (n = 54) consumed either 2 GBDs (LabDiet 5001 or 5002) or PDs with different types/levels of fiber for 14 d. Microbiome alterations and predicted functional metagenomic changes were measured. Results The PD with 75 g cellulose and 25 g inulin per 4084 kcals marginally influenced body weight and adiposity, but improved glucose tolerance relative to 93G (P = 0.0131) and 76A (P = 0.0014). Cecal and colonic weights were lower in mice fed cellulose-based PDs compared with those fed GBDs and soluble-fiber PDs. Soluble-fiber PDs reduced alpha diversity and showed similar beta diversity, which differed from cellulose-based PDs and GBDs. Certain genera associated with improved gut health such as Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia were significantly elevated by soluble-fiber PDs (P ≤ 0.01). Metabolic pathways related to carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism were affected by PDs. Conclusions PDs formulated with lower sucrose and increased fiber content, particularly soluble fiber, blunted elevations in metabolic parameters and favorably impacted the microbiota and metagenome in C57BL/6N mice.
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Synbiotic Intervention with Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, and Inulin in Healthy Volunteers Increases the Abundance of Bifidobacteria but Does Not Alter Microbial Diversity. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0108722. [PMID: 36165644 PMCID: PMC9552601 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01087-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synbiotics combine probiotics and prebiotics and are being investigated for potential health benefits. In this single-group-design trial, we analyzed changes in the gut microbiome, stool quality, and gastrointestinal well-being in 15 healthy volunteers after a synbiotic intervention comprising Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei (L. CASEI 431), and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and 20 g of chicory-derived inulin powder consumed daily for 4 weeks. Fecal samples were collected at baseline and at completion of the intervention, and all participants completed a fecal diary based on the Bristol Stool Scale and recorded their gastrointestinal well-being. No adverse effects were observed after consumption of the synbiotic product, and stool consistency and frequency remained almost unchanged during the trial. Microbiome analysis of the fecal samples was achieved using shotgun sequencing followed by taxonomic profiling. No changes in alpha and beta diversity were seen after the intervention. Greater relative abundances of Bifidobacteriaceae were observed in 12 subjects, with indigenous bifidobacteria species constituting the main increase. All four probiotic organisms increased in abundance, and L. rhamnosus, B. animalis, and L. acidophilus were differentially abundant, compared to baseline. Comparison of the fecal strains to the B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 reference genome and the sequenced symbiotic product revealed only a few single-nucleotide polymorphisms differentiating the probiotic B. animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 from the fecal strains identified, indicating that this probiotic strain was detectable after the intervention. IMPORTANCE The effects of probiotics/synbiotics are seldom investigated in healthy volunteers; therefore, this study is important, especially considering the safety aspects of multiple probiotics together with prebiotic fiber in consumption by humans. The study explores at the potential of a synbiotic intervention with lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and inulin in healthy volunteers and tracks the ingested probiotic strain B. animalis subsp. lactis.
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Khalid W, Arshad MS, Jabeen A, Muhammad Anjum F, Qaisrani TB, Suleria HAR. Fiber‐enriched botanicals: A therapeutic tool against certain metabolic ailments. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:3203-3218. [PMID: 36249968 PMCID: PMC9548355 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Jabeen
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Faqir Muhammad Anjum
- University of the Gambia Banjul The Gambia
- IFANCA Halal Apex (Pvt.) Limited Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Tahira Batool Qaisrani
- Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technology Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan Pakistan
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Reid JESJ, Yakubov GE, Lawrence SJ. Non-starch polysaccharides in beer and brewing: A review of their occurrence and significance. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:837-851. [PMID: 36004513 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2109585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It has become apparent that beer (both alcoholic and nonalcoholic) contains appreciable amounts of non-starch polysaccharides, a broad subgroup of dietary fiber. It is worth noting that the occurrence of non-starch polysaccharides in alcoholic beer does not imply this should be consumed as a source of nutrition. But the popularity of nonalcoholic beer is growing, and the lessons learnt from non-starch polysaccharides in brewing can be largely translated to nonalcoholic beer. For context, we briefly review the origins of dietary fiber, its importance within the human diet and the significance of water-soluble dietary fiber in beverages. We review the relationship between non-starch polysaccharides and brewing, giving focus to the techniques used to quantify non-starch polysaccharides in beer, how they affect the physicochemical properties of beer and their influence on the brewing process. The content of non-starch polysaccharides in both regular and low/nonalcoholic beer ranges between 0.5 - 4.0 g/L and are predominantly composed of arabinoxylans and β-glucans. The process of malting, wort production and filtration significantly affect the soluble non-starch polysaccharide content in the final beer. Beer viscosity and turbidity are strongly associated with the content of non-starch polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E S J Reid
- International Centre for Brewing Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Gleb E Yakubov
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Lawrence
- International Centre for Brewing Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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40
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Evaluation of Full-Length Versus V4-Region 16S rRNA Sequencing for Phylogenetic Analysis of Mouse Intestinal Microbiota After a Dietary Intervention. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:276. [PMID: 35907023 PMCID: PMC9338901 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The composition of microbial communities is commonly determined by sequence analyses of one of the variable (V) regions in the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. We aimed to assess whether sequencing the full-length versus the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene affected the results and interpretation of an experiment. To test this, mice were fed a diet without and with the prebiotic inulin and from cecum samples, two primary data sets were generated: (1) a 16S rRNA full-length data set generated by the PacBio platform; (2) a 16S rRNA V4 region data set generated by the Illumina MiSeq platform. A third derived data set was generated by in silico extracting the 16S rRNA V4 region data from the 16S rRNA full-length PacBio data set. Analyses of the primary and derived 16S rRNA V4 region data indicated similar bacterial abundances, and α- and β-diversity. However, comparison of the 16S rRNA full-length data with the primary and derived 16S rRNA V4 region data revealed differences in relative bacterial abundances, and α- and β-diversity. We conclude that the sequence length of 16S rRNA gene and not the sequence analysis platform affected the results and may lead to different interpretations of the effect of an intervention that affects the microbiota.
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41
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Fernández-Lainez C, Logtenberg MJ, Tang X, Schols HA, López-Velázquez G, de Vos P. β(2→1) chicory and β(2→1)-β(2→6) agave fructans protect the human intestinal barrier function in vitro in a stressor-dependent fashion. Food Funct 2022; 13:6737-6748. [PMID: 35665791 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibers such as fructans can protect the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, but the mechanisms underlying this protection are not completely understood. We aimed to study the protective effect of β(2→1)-β(2→6) branched graminan-type fructans (GTFs) on gut epithelial barrier function that was disrupted by three different agents which impact the barrier function via different cellular mechanisms. The effects of GTFs were compared with those of linear β(2→1) inulin-type fructans (ITFs). T84 intestinal epithelial monolayers were incubated with GTFs and ITFs. Afterwards, the monolayers were challenged with the barrier disruptors calcium ionophore A23187, 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and deoxynivalenol (DON). Transepithelial resistance was measured with an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system. All fructans studied prevented the barrier disruption induced by A23187. ITF II protected from the disruptive effects of PMA. However, none of the studied fructans influenced the disruption induced by DON. As a measure of disruption-induced inflammation, interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by the intestinal epithelium was determined by ELISA. The production of IL-8 induced by A23187 was decreased by all fructans, whereas IL-8 production induced by DON decreased only upon pre-treatment with ITF II. None of the studied fructans prevented PMA induced IL-8 production. GTFs just like ITFs can influence the barrier function and inflammatory processes in gut epithelial cells in a structure-dependent fashion. These distinct protective effects are dependent on the different signaling pathways that lead to gut barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Fernández-Lainez
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Laboratorio de Errores innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Edificio D, 1° Piso. Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Madelon J Logtenberg
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel López-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomoléculas y Salud Infantil, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Av. Iman 1, 04530, Cuidad de México, Mexico.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Wang X, Wang S, Xu D, Peng J, Gao W, Cao Y. The Effect of Glycosylated Soy Protein Isolate on the Stability of Lutein and Their Interaction Characteristics. Front Nutr 2022; 9:887064. [PMID: 35685872 PMCID: PMC9172447 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.887064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is a natural fat-soluble carotenoid with various physiological functions. However, its poor water solubility and stability restrict its application in functional foods. The present study sought to analyze the stability and interaction mechanism of the complex glycosylated soy protein isolate (SPI) prepared using SPI and inulin-type fructans and lutein. The results showed that glycosylation reduced the fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity of SPI but improved the emulsification process and solubility. Fluorescence intensity and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy results showed that the fluorescence quenching of the glycosylated soybean protein isolate by lutein was static. Through thermodynamic parameter analysis, it was found that lutein and glycosylated SPI were bound spontaneously through hydrophobic interaction, and the binding stoichiometry was 1:1. The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that lutein existed in the glycosylated soybean protein isolate in an amorphous form. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results revealed that lutein had no effect on the secondary structure of glycosylated soy protein isolate. Meanwhile, the combination of lutein and glycosylated SPI improved the water solubility of lutein and the stability of light and heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Shaojia Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Duoxia Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Peng
- Chenguang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Handan, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Chenguang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Handan, China
| | - Yanping Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health (BTBU), School of Food and Health, Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
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Sun P, Liao SG, Yang RQ, Lu CL, Ji KL, Cao DH, Hu HB, Lu JM, Song XZ, Wu M, Jia HZ, Xiao CF, Ma ZW, Xu YK. Aspidopterys obcordata vine inulin fructan affects urolithiasis by modifying calcium oxalate crystallization. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Tawfick MM, Xie H, Zhao C, Shao P, Farag MA. Inulin fructans in diet: Role in gut homeostasis, immunity, health outcomes and potential therapeutics. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:948-961. [PMID: 35381290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inulin consumption in both humans and animal models is recognized for its prebiotic action with the most consistent change that lies in enhancing the growth and functionality of Bifidobacterium bacteria, as well as its effect on host gene expression and metabolism. Further, inulin-type fructans are utilized in the colon by bacterial fermentation to yield short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which play important role in its biological effects both locally inside the gut and in systemic actions. The gut symbiosis sustained by inulin supplementation among other dietary fibers exerts preventive and/or therapeutic options for many metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiometabolic diseases, kidney diseases and hyperuricemia. Although, gastrointestinal negative effects due to inulin consumption were reported, such as gastrointestinal symptoms in humans and exacerbated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. This comprehensive review aims to present the whole story of how inulin functions as a prebiotic at cellular levels and the interplay between physiological, functional and immunological responses inside the animal or human gut as influenced by inulin in diets, in context to its structural composition. Such review is of importance to identify management and feed strategies to optimize gut health, for instance, consumption of the tolerated doses to healthy adults of 10 g/day of native inulin or 5 g/day of naturally inulin-rich chicory extract. In addition, inulin-drug interactions should be further clarified particularly if used as a supplement for the treatment of degenerative diseases (e.g., diabetes) over a long period. The combined effect of probiotics and inulin appears more effective, and more research on this synergy is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Tawfick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11751, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt.
| | - Hualing Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ping Shao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St., P.B. 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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Bekkelund DA, Kjos PNP, Øverland PM. Effects of dried chicory and Jerusalem artichoke on skatole-producing microbial populations of entire male pigs. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Glisic M, Flueck JL, Ruettimann B, Hertig-Godeschalk A, Valido E, Bertolo A, Stucki G, Stoyanov J. The feasibility of a crossover, randomized controlled trial design to assess the effect of probiotics and prebiotics on health of elite Swiss para-athletes: a study protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:94. [PMID: 35477496 PMCID: PMC9044645 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) may cause an autonomic imbalance in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to deficits in colonic motility, mucosal secretions, vascular tone, and an increase of intestinal barrier permeability. Autonomic denervation and factors such as age, physical activity, antibiotic use and stress may cause intestinal bacterial translocation, decreased microbiota diversity, known as gut dysbiosis and thus increase susceptibility to experiencing gastrointestinal discomfort. Probiotic treatment in individuals with SCI may normalize the gut microbiota and improve overall health. We aim to assess the feasibility of probiotic and prebiotic intervention in athletes with SCI and collect information necessary for sample size calculation of a definite trial on improving health outcomes in para-athletes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Elite Swiss para-athletes (aged> 18 years), being shortlisted for the Paralympic Games 2021 in Tokyo or a member of a national team (n = 43), will be invited to participate in this single-center randomized crossover trial. Athletes suffering from chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, those currently taking antibiotics or other medication to alleviate gastro-intestinal complaints will not be eligible to be included in the study. Athletes will be randomized (1:1) to receive for 4 weeks a daily dose of either 3 g of probiotic preparation or 5 g of prebiotic (organic oat bran) supplementation in addition to usual diet, followed by a 4-week washout period or vice versa. The primary outcome is the feasibility of the study, measured by recruitment and dropout rates, feasibility of the measurements, acceptability and adherence to the intervention. Secondary outcomes include gastrointestinal health assessment, diet and training information, handgrip strength, blood diagnostic parameters, and intestinal microbiome characterization. The changes in clinically relevant secondary outcome values will be used to make a power calculation for definite trial. DISCUSSION This pilot trial will address two common challenges in SCI research: the difficulty to recruit enough participants for a sufficiently powered study and the ability to collect data within the limits of a realistic budget and time frame. Upon demonstrated feasibility of the intervention and study procedures, the intervention will be evaluated in a definitive controlled trial comprising a larger sample of para-athletes (elite, engaged, or recreationally active) individuals with a SCI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04659408.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Glisic
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joelle L Flueck
- Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ezra Valido
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Bertolo
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Gerold Stucki
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Jivko Stoyanov
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, CH-6207, Nottwil, Switzerland. .,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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Cheng L, Kong L, Xia C, Zeng X, Wu Z, Guo Y, Pan D. Sources, Processing-Related Transformation, and Gut Axis Regulation of Conventional and Potential Prebiotics. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4509-4521. [PMID: 35389646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
One strategy to achieve a balanced intestinal microbiota is to introduce prebiotics. Some substances present in the diet, such as soybean extracts, koji glycosylceramides, grape extracts, tea polyphenols, and seaweed extracts, can be considered as potential prebiotics, because they can selectively stimulate the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. However, the discovery of novel prebiotics also involves advances in screening methods and the use of thermal and non-thermal processing techniques to modify and enhance the properties of beneficial organisms. The health benefits of prebiotics are also reflected by their participation in regulating the microbiota in different gut axes. In the present review, we introduced the field of prebiotics, focusing on potential prebiotic substances, the process of screening potential prebiotics, the transformation of prebiotics by food-processing technologies, and the roles of prebiotics on gut axis regulation, which, it is hoped, will promote the discovery and utilization of novel prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoran Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210097, People's Republic of China
| | - Daodong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, People's Republic of China
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Zakaria K, Abbas MA, Bedair MA. Herbal expired drug bearing glycosides and polysaccharides moieties as green and cost-effective oilfield corrosion inhibitor: Electrochemical and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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50
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Simões CD, Maganinho M, Sousa AS. FODMAPs, inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiota: updated overview on the current evidence. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1187-1198. [PMID: 34988652 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02755-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Based on the fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) hypothesis, the low-FODMAP diet has been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with promising results on disease management. However, this diet implies a specific broad food restriction, which potentially increases the risk of nutritional deficiencies and may aggravate gut microbiota dysbiosis of IBD patients. The aim of the present study is to review the effect of individual FODMAPs on the human gut microbiota. In addition, this narrative review provides an updated overview of the use of the low-FODMAP diet in IBD, namely the implementation, advantages, limitations, and the impact on the gut microbiota. METHODS The literature search strategy was applied to PubMed and Web of Science using relevant keywords, IBD, FODMAPs, Fructose, Lactose, Polyols, FOS, GOS, low-FODMAP diet and gut microbiota. RESULTS Current data suggest that the low-FODMAP diet may effectively improve clinical outcomes in the management of IBD and ensure better quality of life for IBD patients. However, there is evidence highlighting some issues of concern, particularly the adequacy of the diet and the impact on the gut microbiota. The various FODMAP types differently modulate the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION IBD management should be achieved with the least possible dietary restriction to avoid detrimental consequences, particularly on nutritional adequacy and gut microbiota. Thus, it is important to individualize and monitor the nutrition intervention. Further studies are required to better characterize the relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and IBD to support the generalization of this approach for clinical practice in IBD therapy and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina D Simões
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO-InBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Marta Maganinho
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana S Sousa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechcare), Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
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