1
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Liu M, Wang G, Jiang C. Independent and combined effect of serum copper and folate on depression: cross-sectional data from the NHANES 2011-2016. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1389480. [PMID: 39183983 PMCID: PMC11341402 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1389480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Depression is a widespread mental health condition that can impact both mental and physical well-being. Prior research has shown that high levels of copper in the blood and low levels of folate are linked to depression. This study aimed to explore whether serum folate levels, independently or in combination with serum copper levels, associated with the risk of depression. Methods Data from participants aged 18-80 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed to examine the role of trace elements. Depression was assessed using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate the main effect of serum copper and folate levels on depression. Three indices, including the relative excess risk of interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (API), and synergy index (SI), were used to analyze the interaction effect. Results Among the 4,847 participants selected for this study, 429 (8.9%) had PHQ-9 scores above 10, which we defined as having depressive symptoms. After adjusting for all confounding factors, higher serum copper levels [≥15.5 vs. <15.5 μmol/L, odds ratio (OR): 1.54; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.18-2.11] and folate deficiency (folate ≥53.7 vs. <53.7 μmol/L, OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.21-2.10) were associated with an increased risk of depression. Patients with both higher serum copper levels and folate deficiency (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.43-3.14) had the highest risk of depression than other levels. High copper levels and low folate levels are associated with the occurrence of depression symptoms, and there may be a synergistic effect between them (SI: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.49-4.76), with this interaction accounting for 19% of depression cases (API: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.01-0.54). Conclusion There may be a synergistic interaction between high copper levels and low folate levels associated with increasing risk of depression. Further population-based interventional studies are needed to confirm whether folic acid supplementation is effective in preventing depression in individuals with high blood copper levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Liu
- College of Humanities and Management, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The University of HongKong-ShenZhen Hospital, ShenZhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongfei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The University of HongKong-ShenZhen Hospital, ShenZhen, Guangdong, China
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2
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Fazal M, Ali I, Ahmed F, Khalid S, Farghaly TA, Althagafi II, Khan I, Ali M, Ateeq M, Shah MR. A Biologically Compatible Colorimetric Sensor for the Selective Recognition of Cu
2+
Ions in Biological Matrices. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Fazal
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (L) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18300 Pakistan
| | - Imdad Ali
- HEJ Research institute of chemistry International center for chemical and biological sciences (ICCBS) University of Karachi 75270 Karachi Pakistan
| | - Farid Ahmed
- HEJ Research institute of chemistry International center for chemical and biological sciences (ICCBS) University of Karachi 75270 Karachi Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Khalid
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research ICCBS University of Karachi 75270 Karachi Pakistan
| | - Thoraya A. Farghaly
- Department of chemistry. Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
- Department of chemistry Faculty of Applied Science Umm Al_Qura University Makkah Almukkaramah Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail I. Althagafi
- Department of chemistry Faculty of Applied Science Umm Al_Qura University Makkah Almukkaramah Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research ICCBS University of Karachi 75270 Karachi Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Ali
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (L) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18300 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ateeq
- Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- HEJ Research institute of chemistry International center for chemical and biological sciences (ICCBS) University of Karachi 75270 Karachi Pakistan
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3
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Jiang C, Ye H, Cui L, Pai P, Wang G. Relationship of serum copper and zinc with kidney function and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio: Cross-sectional data from the NHANES 2011-2016. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1748-1754. [PMID: 35906329 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition in worldwide with underlying causes. The role of trace elements such as copper and zinc in CKD is uncertain. We aimed to examine the relationship of serum copper and zinc with kidney function status and explore its possible effect modifiers in the general population. METHODS Data from 5353 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed for the role of trace elements in the age range 18 to 80 years. The kidney outcomes were reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and increased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30 mg/g. RESULTS Findings showed a significant positive association between serum copper and urinary ACR (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.07). Serum copper levels of 18.0 μmol/L (median) or higher (reference level <18.0 μmol/L) were significantly associated with increased urinary ACR (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.21-2.31) after adjusting for confounding factors. In contrast, there was a significant inverse association between serum zinc and reduced eGFR (OR = 0.89,95% CI = 0.81-0.99). Where serum zinc level was greater than 12.3 μmol/L (median), the prevalence of reduced eGFR was lower (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.16-0.60). In addition, a stratified analysis based on various risk factors found that in those individuals with serum albumin greater than 43 g/L or systolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg, positive correlations between serum copper and risk of increased urinary ACR was more significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the reference levels of serum copper and zinc levels in healthy individuals may be different from current understanding. If further studies substantiate the same, the results will be a useful guide for designing future clinical trials and nutritional guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongfei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Ye
- Department of Infectious Disease or Clinical Microbiology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liwen Cui
- Department of Nephrology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pearl Pai
- Department of Nephrology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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The Role of Copper Homeostasis in Brain Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213850. [PMID: 36430330 PMCID: PMC9698384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human body, copper is an important trace element and is a cofactor for several important enzymes involved in energy production, iron metabolism, neuropeptide activation, connective tissue synthesis, and neurotransmitter synthesis. Copper is also necessary for cellular processes, such as the regulation of intracellular signal transduction, catecholamine balance, myelination of neurons, and efficient synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Copper is naturally present in some foods and is available as a dietary supplement. Only small amounts of copper are typically stored in the body and a large amount of copper is excreted through bile and urine. Given the critical role of copper in a breadth of cellular processes, local concentrations of copper and the cellular distribution of copper transporter proteins in the brain are important to maintain the steady state of the internal environment. The dysfunction of copper metabolism or regulatory pathways results in an imbalance in copper homeostasis in the brain, which can lead to a myriad of acute and chronic pathological effects on neurological function. It suggests a unique mechanism linking copper homeostasis and neuronal activation within the central nervous system. This article explores the relationship between impaired copper homeostasis and neuropathophysiological progress in brain diseases.
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5
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Escobedo-Monge MF, Barrado E, Parodi-Román J, Escobedo-Monge MA, Torres-Hinojal MC, Marugán-Miguelsanz JM. Copper and Copper/Zn Ratio in a Series of Children with Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:3578. [PMID: 34684579 PMCID: PMC8537994 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential micronutrient for humans. A cross-sectional and comparative study was done to assess serum Cu levels and serum copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio and its association with nutritional indicators in a series of children and adolescents with chronic diseases. Anthropometric, biochemical, dietary, body composition, and bone densitometry assessments were carried out. Serum Cu and Zn were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Seventy-eight patients (55% women) participated. The mean serum Cu in the entire series and by nutritional status through body mass index (BMI) was normal. Serum Cu decreased significantly with age and was meaningfully higher in children than in adolescents. The risk of finding altered Cu levels in children and men was higher than in adolescents and women, respectively. Twenty-two per cent of patients had abnormal serum copper levels, 13 had hypercupremia, and four had hypocupremia. The Cu/Zn ratio was greater than 1.00 for 87% of the patients, which is an indicator of an inflammatory state. All patients with hypozincemia and hypocupremia had deficient Zn intake, but only 65% of the patients with hypercupremia had dietary Zn deficiency. Consequently, the Cu/Zn ratio could indicate an inflammatory state and a high risk of zinc deficiency in this specific child population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique Barrado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Science Faculty, Valladolid University, Campus Miguel Delibes, Calle Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | | | | | | | - José Manuel Marugán-Miguelsanz
- Department of Pediatrics of the Faculty of Medicine, Valladolid University,
Avenida Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
- Section of Gastroenterology and Pediatric Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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6
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Malekahmadi M, Firouzi S, Rezayi M, Ghazizadeh H, Ranjbar G, Ferns GA, Mobarhan MG. Association of Zinc and Copper Status with Cardiovascular Diseases and their Assessment Methods: A Review Study. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:2067-2078. [PMID: 32727323 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729160416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and financial losses and has a high prevalence across the world. Several studies have investigated the association between various CVD types with zinc and copper status as the essential minerals for the human body, proposing contradictory and similar results. This narrative review aimed to survey the correlations between zinc and copper status in the human body and some risk factors of CVD, as well as the assessment methods of zinc and copper status in the human body. According to the reviewed articles, zinc and copper deficiency may increase the risk of coronary heart disease, valvular regurgitation, and myocardial lesions, cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, it could lead to the expanded mitochondrial compartments of the heart, acute and chronic heart failure, and elevation of inflammation markers, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6. Two methods are primarily used for the assessment of zinc and copper in the human body, including the direct method (measurement of their concentrations) and indirect method (determining the activity of zinc- and copper-containing enzymes). Both these methods are considered reliable for the assessment of the zinc and copper levels in healthy individuals. Serum or plasma levels of these elements are also commonly used for the assessment of the correlation between zinc and copper status and CVD. But, which one is a more accurate indicator in relation to CVD is not yet clear; therefore, further studies are required in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Firouzi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Golnaz Ranjbar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, United Kingdom
| | - Majid Ghayour Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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7
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Shanmugam Suresh, Bhuvanesh N, Prabhu J, Nandhakumar R. Application of Imidazole Derivative for Fluorescent Detection and Determination of Cu(II) in Aqueous and Biological Media. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820120126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Ali I, Isaac IO, Ahmed F, Aslam F, Ali S, Imran M, Alharthy RD, Shah MR, Malik MI, Hameed A. Acridine‐Thiosemicarbazones‐Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles as a Selective Sensor for Copper(II)‐Ion in Tap Water. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imdad Ali
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Ibanga Okon Isaac
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Department of ChemistryWomen University of Azad Jammu Kashmir Bagh-12500 Pakistan
| | - Fariha Aslam
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Shujaat Ali
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Rima D. Alharthy
- Department of ChemistryScience and Arts CollegeRabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz, University, Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Malik
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed
- H. E. J Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi, Karachi Pakistan
- Department of ChemistryForman Christian College (A Chartered University) Ferozepur Road Lahore 54600 Pakistan
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9
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Zhang J, Cao J, Zhang H, Jiang C, Lin T, Zhou Z, Song Y, Li Y, Liu C, Liu L, Wang B, Tang G, Li J, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Huo Y, Yang Y, Ling W, Yang J, Guo H, Wang X, Xu X, Qin X. Plasma copper and the risk of first stroke in hypertensive patients: a nested case-control study. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110:212-220. [PMID: 31161196 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies indicated that trace elements may play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. However, data concerning the association between blood copper and the risk of stroke are limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between plasma copper and the risk of first stroke, and examine any possible effect modifiers in hypertensive patients. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study, using data from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg, or taking antihypertensive medication. A total of 618 first stroke cases and 618 controls matched for age, sex, treatment group, and study site were included in this study. The crude and adjusted risks of first stroke were estimated by ORs and 95% CIs using conditional logistic regression, without or with adjusting for pertinent covariates, respectively. RESULTS There were significant positive associations of plasma copper with risk of first stroke (per SD increment-OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.39) and first ischemic stroke (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.50). When plasma copper was categorized in quartiles, significantly higher risks of first stroke (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.65) and first ischemic stroke (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.11) were found in participants in quartile 4 (≥ 117.0 μg/dL) than in those in quartile 1 (< 91.2 μg/dL). Furthermore, the plasma copper-first stroke association was significantly stronger in participants with higher BMI (< 25.0 compared with ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, P-interaction = 0.024). However, there was no significant association between plasma copper and first hemorrhagic stroke. CONCLUSIONS In Chinese hypertensive patients, there was a significant positive association between baseline plasma copper and the risk of first stroke, especially among those with higher BMI.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00794885.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chongfei Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengfei Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youbao Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Lishun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Genfu Tang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Nutrition Transformation, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiping Xu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Ni M, You Y, Chen J, Zhang L. Copper in depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Psychiatry Res 2018; 267:506-515. [PMID: 29980131 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) has been associated with mental disorders such as autism and epilepsy. So far, publications evaluating copper levels in patients with depressive disorder showed conflicted results. To derive a comprehensive estimation of the relationship between body burden of copper and depressive disorder and explore the possible role of copper in mental health, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Relevant published data were obtained by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) before October 10, 2017. Weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated using STATA 12.0. A total of 21 studies with 1487 patients and 943 controls were collected in this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis found that patients with depression had higher blood levels of copper than the controls without depression, while there was no difference of copper content in hair between the two groups. Subgroup analysis suggested that age had influence on the relationship between copper and depression. No evidence of publication bias was observed. This meta-analysis suggests that increased levels of blood copper might be associated with depressive disorder and therefore the possible role of copper as a biomarker of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmei Ni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping You
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lishi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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11
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Mustafa SK, AlSharif MA. Copper (Cu) an Essential Redox-Active Transition Metal in Living System—A Review Article. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2018.91002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Yang Y, Yin J, Liu J, Xu Q, Lan T, Ren F, Hao Y. The Copper Homeostasis Transcription Factor CopR Is Involved in H 2O 2 Stress in Lactobacillus plantarum CAUH2. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2015. [PMID: 29089937 PMCID: PMC5651008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional factors (TFs) play important roles in the responses to oxidative, acid, and other environmental stresses in Gram-positive bacteria, but the regulatory mechanism of TFs involved in oxidative stress remains unknown in lactic acid bacteria. In the present work, homologous overexpression strains with 43 TFs were constructed in the Lactobacillus plantarum CAUH2 parent strain. The strain overexpressing CopR displayed the highest sensitivity and a 110-fold decrease in survival rate under H2O2 challenge. The importance of CopR in the response to H2O2 stress was further confirmed by a 10.8-fold increase in the survival of a copR insertion mutant. In silico analysis of the genes flanking copR revealed putative CopR-binding “cop box” sequences in the promoter region of the adjacent gene copB encoding a Cu2+-exporting ATPase. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) analysis demonstrated the specific binding of CopR with copB in vitro, suggesting copB is a target gene of CopR in L. plantarum. The role of CopB involved in oxidative stress was verified by the significantly decreased survival in the copB mutant. Furthermore, a growth defect in copper-containing medium demonstrated that CopB functions as an export ATPase for copper ions. Furthermore, EMSAs revealed that CopR functions as a regulator that negatively regulates copB gene and Cu2+ serves as inducer of CopR to activate the expression of CopB in response to H2O2 stress in L. plantarum CAUH2. Our findings indicated that CopR plays an important role in enhancing oxidative resistance by regulating copB to modulate copper homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yin
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xu
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Lan
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- The Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health (Beijing), College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, Beijing, China
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Mondal S, Manna SK, Maiti K, Maji R, Ali SS, Manna S, Mandal S, Uddin MR, Mahapatra AK. Phenanthroline-fluorescein molecular hybrid as a ratiometric and selective fluorescent chemosensor for Cu2+ via FRET strategy: synthesis, computational studies and in vitro applications. Supramol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2017.1301452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanchita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Kalipada Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Rajkishor Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Syed Samim Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Srimanta Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Md Raihan Uddin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
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14
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Kohno T, Urao N, Ashino T, Sudhahar V, McKinney RD, Hamakubo T, Iwanari H, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Novel role of copper transport protein antioxidant-1 in neointimal formation after vascular injury. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:805-13. [PMID: 23349186 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.300862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration is critically important for neointimal formation after vascular injury and atherosclerosis lesion formation. Copper (Cu) chelator inhibits neointimal formation, and we previously demonstrated that Cu transport protein antioxidant-1 (Atox1) is involved in Cu-induced cell growth. However, role of Atox1 in VSMC migration and neointimal formation after vascular injury is unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we show that Atox1 expression is upregulated in injured vessel, and it is colocalized with the Cu transporter ATP7A, one of the downstream targets of Atox1, mainly in neointimal VSMCs at day 14 after wire injury. Atox1(-/-) mice show inhibition of neointimal formation and extracellular matrix expansion, which is associated with a decreased VSMCs accumulation within neointima and lysyl oxidase activity. Mechanistically, in cultured VSMC, Atox1 depletion with siRNA inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced Cu-dependent VSMC migration by preventing translocation of ATP7A and small G protein Rac1 to the leading edge, as well as Cu- and Rac1-dependent lamellipodia formation. Furthermore, Atox1(-/-) mice show decreased perivascular macrophage infiltration in wire-injured vessels, as well as thioglycollate-induced peritoneal macrophage recruitment. CONCLUSIONS Atox1 is involved in neointimal formation after vascular injury through promoting VSMC migration and inflammatory cell recruitment in injured vessels. Thus, Atox1 is a potential therapeutic target for VSMC migration and inflammation-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kohno
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 835 S. Wolcott, M/C868, E403 MSB, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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15
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Kolagal V, Karanam SA, Dharmavarapu PK, D'Souza R, Upadhya S, Kumar V, Kedage V, Muttigi MS, Shetty JK, Prakash M. Determination of oxidative stress markers and their importance in early diagnosis of uremia-related complications. Indian J Nephrol 2011; 19:8-12. [PMID: 20352004 PMCID: PMC2845196 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.50673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of oxidative stress and the higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases in association with uremia is well proved. The uremic status of serum copper, ceruloplasmin (CP), protein thiols, malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels was studied. The study was carried out on 51 chronic renal failure (CRF) patients who were not on hemodialysis therapy and on 42 healthy controls. Serum urea, creatinine, and MDA levels were found to be significantly increased (P < 0.001), and total protein, albumin, protein thiols, and copper levels were found to be significantly decreased in CRF patients compared to normal controls (P < 0.001). Ceruloplasmin levels were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and there was no significant change in serum GST levels in CRF patients compared to normal controls. In conclusion, the significant increase in levels of MDA, and the decrease in levels of protein thiols, CP, and copper in uremia patients when compared to controls, reconfirms the presence of stress in this patient population. In view of the changes in other markers of oxidative stress, this absence of any significant change in the activity of GST in uremia patients compared to controls, warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kolagal
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
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16
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Al-Sheikh YA, Ghneim HK. 'The effect of micronutrients on superoxide dismutase in senescent fibroblasts'. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:384-93. [PMID: 21538411 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The specific activities of zinc/copper (Zn/Cu)-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and manganese (Mn)-superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) were assayed in young passage 5 fibroblasts and in serially subcultured cells that were characterized as senescent at passages 15-35. SOD-1 and SOD-2 activities did not significantly change in senescent and young cells cultured in either routine medium [minimum essential medium 1 (MEM1)], or in Zn, Cu and Mn supplemented medium (MEM2) containing normal human plasma levels of the cations. SOD-1 and SOD-2 activities, however, underwent parallel progressive significant activity increases in senescent passage 20 and 25 cells, which peaked in value in passage 30 and 35 cells subcultured in supplemented medium (MEM3) containing triple human plasma levels of the cations. Concurrently, superoxide radical generation rates underwent progressive significant increases in senescent passage 15-25 cells, which peaked in value in passage 30 and 35 cells subcultured in MEM1 or MEM2. These rates, however, were significantly lowered in senescent cells subcultured in MEM3. We infer that it was only possible to significantly stimulate SOD-1 and SOD-2 activities in senescent MEM3 cultured cells enabling them to combat oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed A Al-Sheikh
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Chambers A, Krewski D, Birkett N, Plunkett L, Hertzberg R, Danzeisen R, Aggett PJ, Starr TB, Baker S, Dourson M, Jones P, Keen CL, Meek B, Schoeny R, Slob W. An exposure-response curve for copper excess and deficiency. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2010; 13:546-578. [PMID: 21170809 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2010.538657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to define exposure-response curves for both Cu excess and deficiency to assist in determining the acceptable range of oral intake. A comprehensive database has been developed where different health outcomes from elevated and deficient Cu intakes were assigned ordinal severity scores to create common measures of response. A generalized linear model for ordinal data was used to estimate the probability of response associated with dose, duration and severity. The model can account for differences in animal species, the exposure medium (drinking water and feed), age, sex, and solubility. Using this model, an optimal intake level of 2.6 mg Cu/d was determined. This value is higher than the current U.S. recommended dietary intake (RDI; 0.9 mg/d) that protects against toxicity from Cu deficiency. It is also lower than the current tolerable upper intake level (UL; 10 mg/d) that protects against toxicity from Cu excess. Compared to traditional risk assessment approaches, categorical regression can provide risk managers with more information, including a range of intake levels associated with different levels of severity and probability of response. To weigh the relative harms of deficiency and excess, it is important that the results be interpreted along with the available information on the nature of the responses that were assigned to each severity score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chambers
- Institute of Population Health, McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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18
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Lenartowicz M, Windak R, Tylko G, Kowal M, Styrna J. Effects of copper supplementation on the structure and content of elements in kidneys of mosaic mutant mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2010; 136:204-20. [PMID: 19830392 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-009-8533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Menkes disease is an effect of ATP7A gene mutation in humans, coding the Cu-ATP-ase which is essential in intestinal copper absorption and its subsequent transfer to circulation. This mutation results in a deficiency of copper in all tissues except the epithelia of intestine and kidney tubules. Subcutaneous injection of copper ions is the main therapy for Menkes patients. Mosaic (Atp7a(mo-ms)) mice closely simulate the situation in Menkes disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in structure and element content in kidneys of mosaic mice after copper supplementation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to analyze tissue morphology and atomic absorption spectrometry to estimate Cu and Zn content. X-ray microanalysis was performed to measure Na, Mg, P, Cl, and K content in the cells of the proximal and distal tubules. Copper administration lengthened the lifespan of the mutants but led to its high accumulation and results in severe kidney damage. Karyomegalia, necrosis of tubular and Bowman's capsule epithelium, lesions, and atrophy of glomeruli were observed in the treated mutants. Copper treatment afterwards led to sclerosis of glomeruli and tubules enhanced proliferation of epithelial cells and formation of both polycystic and papillary carcinoma patterns in kidney. We suggest that copper excess may impair the activity of Na(+)/K(+) ATP-ase in renal tubules of ms/- males. The content of Mg, P, and Cl in kidneys in mutants was also changed after copper administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Lenartowicz
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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19
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Krewski D, Chambers A, Birkett N. The use of categorical regression in modeling copper exposure-response relationships. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:187-207. [PMID: 20077290 DOI: 10.1080/15287390903340781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the exposure-response relationship for copper (Cu) is an essential step in identifying a range of exposures that can prevent against toxicity from either excess or deficiency. Categorical regression is a exposure-response modeling technique that can be used to model data from multiple studies with diverse endpoints simultaneously by organizing the toxicity data into ordered categories of severity. This study describes how categorical regression can be used to model the exposure-response relationship for Cu and presents a preliminary analysis of the comprehensive database on Cu-induced toxicity due to either excess or deficiency. Categorical regression provides a useful tool for summarizing and describing the available data on Cu excess and deficiency, as well as in identifying data gaps in Cu exposure-response. This methodology also allows for a diverse database with considerable variability in animal species, strain, age, and study design to be analyzed in its entirety. The present application of the Cu toxicity database suggests that there is a lack of information on the potential adverse health effects from chronic exposure to Cu; there are also a limited number of studies using marginally excess and deficient levels of Cu. The database presently includes insufficient data to create a complex model that accounts for a large proportion of the heterogeneity in toxicity seen among the available studies on Cu-induced toxicity. The current Cu database is presently being updated in order to permit more comprehensive categorical regression analyses with finer stratification options. The resulting exposure-response model could be used to provide information in the determination of an acceptable range of oral intake for Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N N5, Canada.
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20
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Stern BR. Essentiality and toxicity in copper health risk assessment: overview, update and regulatory considerations. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2010; 73:114-27. [PMID: 20077283 DOI: 10.1080/15287390903337100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu), an essential element required as a cofactor and/or structural component of numerous metalloenzymes, is uniquely positioned as a case study for issues associated with the essential metals health risk assessment, because of its extensive database. Essential elements pose distinct challenges when establishing regulatory guidelines because too little as well as too much intake can produce adverse health consequences and the dose-response curve is roughly U-shaped. Thus, conventional health risk assessment paradigms do not apply to essential elements; the dose-response assessment needs to define an acceptable range of oral intake (AROI) which prevents deficiency by meeting nutritional requirements while avoiding toxicity due to high intakes. The conceptual framework for this type of risk assessment includes consideration of biological processes that are unique to essential elements-homeostasis, basal and normative nutritional requirements, bioavailability, and nutrient-nutrient interactions. In this paper, the Cu database on physiology, deficiency, and excess is briefly reviewed in order to establish the range of potential health hazards associated with varying levels of intake. Issues discussed include the (1) development of suitable dose-response methodologies, including appropriate dose and response metrics, for Cu; (2) categorization of severity of response and functional significance; (3) use of endpoints of similar severity and functionality for deficiency and excess in dose-response assessment; (4) development of valid biomarkers for subclinical effects, exposures and susceptibilities. Guideline values for Cu intake have been established by nutritional and toxicologic regulatory or advisory boards. Although regulators are more concerned with the potential human toxicity arising from excessive Cu intake, the preponderance of evidence suggests that deficiency is more of a public health concern than excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Ransom Stern
- Consulting in Health Sciences and Risk Assessment, BR Stern and Associates, Annandale, Virginia 22003-3535, USA.
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21
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Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to copper and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage (ID 263, 1726), function of the immune system (ID 264), maintenance of connective tissues (ID 265, 271, 1722), ene. EFSA J 2009. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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22
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Belbraouet S, Biaudet H, Tébi A, Chau N, Gray-Donald K, Debry G. Serum zinc and copper status in hospitalized vs. healthy elderly subjects. J Am Coll Nutr 2008; 26:650-4. [PMID: 18187429 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2007.10719643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess serum zinc and copper concentrations of elderly hospitalized patients with a broad range of diseases and compare their levels to those of healthy community dwelling controls of similar age. METHODS This case-control study compared serum zinc and copper levels of 668 hospitalized subjects, aged 70 or over, with 104 healthy controls of the same age and from the same geographical area. The study protocol, conducted by one physician on the day after the admission to the hospital, included a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, a medical examination, and serum zinc and copper measured with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analysed using analysis of covariance, controlling for age and sex. RESULTS The diseased subjects had markedly lower zinc concentrations than the control group. The frequency of low values (<0.70 mg/L) was high (20.2% vs. zero in controls, p < 0.001), and it differed among various disease categories: 35.7% for respiratory disease, 20%- 27% for cancer, infectious disease, trauma, blood diseases, and genitourinary diseases, and less than 20% for the other diseases. Low values for serum copper concentration (<0.80 mg/L) were rare in hospitalized subjects (1.4% vs. zero in controls). Whatever the disease category and number of diagnoses considered, the serum copper/zinc ratio was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in diseased than in healthy people. CONCLUSIONS Elderly hospitalized patients are at elevated risk of low zinc but not copper values. The significantly lower values of serum zinc found in the hospitalized elderly compared to healthy elderly are likely to be related to disease rather than to aging per se. In addition to other classic anthropometric (BMI) and biological (serum proteins) nutritional parameters, copper/zinc ratio may be a useful marker of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slimane Belbraouet
- Ecole de Nutrition, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick E1A 3E9, Canada.
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23
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Stern BR, Solioz M, Krewski D, Aggett P, Aw TC, Baker S, Crump K, Dourson M, Haber L, Hertzberg R, Keen C, Meek B, Rudenko L, Schoeny R, Slob W, Starr T. Copper and human health: biochemistry, genetics, and strategies for modeling dose-response relationships. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2007; 10:157-222. [PMID: 17454552 DOI: 10.1080/10937400600755911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and its alloys are used extensively in domestic and industrial applications. Cu is also an essential element in mammalian nutrition. Since both copper deficiency and copper excess produce adverse health effects, the dose-response curve is U-shaped, although the precise form has not yet been well characterized. Many animal and human studies were conducted on copper to provide a rich database from which data suitable for modeling the dose-response relationship for copper may be extracted. Possible dose-response modeling strategies are considered in this review, including those based on the benchmark dose and categorical regression. The usefulness of biologically based dose-response modeling techniques in understanding copper toxicity was difficult to assess at this time since the mechanisms underlying copper-induced toxicity have yet to be fully elucidated. A dose-response modeling strategy for copper toxicity was proposed associated with both deficiency and excess. This modeling strategy was applied to multiple studies of copper-induced toxicity, standardized with respect to severity of adverse health outcomes and selected on the basis of criteria reflecting the quality and relevance of individual studies. The use of a comprehensive database on copper-induced toxicity is essential for dose-response modeling since there is insufficient information in any single study to adequately characterize copper dose-response relationships. The dose-response modeling strategy envisioned here is designed to determine whether the existing toxicity data for copper excess or deficiency may be effectively utilized in defining the limits of the homeostatic range in humans and other species. By considering alternative techniques for determining a point of departure and low-dose extrapolation (including categorical regression, the benchmark dose, and identification of observed no-effect levels) this strategy will identify which techniques are most suitable for this purpose. This analysis also serves to identify areas in which additional data are needed to better define the characteristics of dose-response relationships for copper-induced toxicity in relation to excess or deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Ransom Stern
- Consulting in Health Sciences and Risk Assessment, BR Stern Associates, Annandale, Virginia 22003, USA.
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24
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Response of diamine oxidase and other plasma copper biomarkers to various dietary copper intakes in the rat and evaluation of copper absorption with a stable isotope. Br J Nutr 2007. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114500000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of agreement on index of Cu status and reliable and sensitive biomarkers are still required. The purpose of this present work was to assess in rats the sensitivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, a recently proposed biomarker, to modifications in dietary Cu intake in comparison with other plasma biomarkers of Cu status. We also evaluated the effect of Cu dietary level on Cu and Zn intestinal absorption. Results showed that plasma Cu and plasma caeruloplasmin were significantly decreased at day 8 compared with the control group (7·4 mg Cu/kg diet) while DAO activity was significantly decreased at day 12 of the deficient diet (0·61 mg Cu/kg diet). Cu supplementation (35 mg Cu/kg diet) had no effect on any of the studied biomarkers of Cu status. In Cu-deficient rats plasma Cu and DAO activities were normalized 4 d after return to the control diet while caeruloplasmin was normalized later, at day 11. Apparent absorption values (%) of total Cu or65Cu isotope were significantly increased in the Cu-deficient rats compared with the other groups and similar in the control and the Cu-supplemented groups. The urinary excretion of total Cu or65Cu isotope were increased in the Cu-supplemented group compared with the other two groups. Both apparent absorption and urinary excretion of total Zn or67Zn isotope remained unchanged in the three experimental groups. In conclusion, DAO activity seemed to be less sensitive to Cu deficiency than plasma Cu or caeruloplasmin concentrations. The present study also showed a significant increase in Cu intestinal absorption with dietary Cu restriction but no decrease with Cu supplementation in the rat.
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Bügel S, Harper A, Rock E, O'Connor JM, Bonham MP, Strain JJ. Effect of copper supplementation on indices of copper status and certain CVD risk markers in young healthy women. Br J Nutr 2007; 94:231-6. [PMID: 16115357 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20051470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Western diets containing suboptimal Cu concentrations could be widespread. A link between marginal Cu deficiency and CVD has been suggested. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Cu supplementation on both Cu status and CVD risk factors in healthy young women. Sixteen women with a mean age of 24 (sd 2) years participated in a randomised crossover study of three 4-week periods with 3-week washouts between periods. During each intervention period, subjects received 0, 3 or 6 mg elemental Cu/d as CuSO4in addition to their habitual diet. Blood samples were taken to assess the effect of supplementation on putative markers of Cu status. The content of plasma lipids, lipoprotein (a), apo and certain haemostatic factors, as putative indices of CVD, was also analysed. Daily supplementation with 3 mg Cu significantly increased (P<0·05) serum Cu concentration and the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, although there was no further significant increase after an intake of 6 mg Cu/d. The concentration of the fibrinolytic factor plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 was significantly reduced (P<0·05) by about 30% after supplementation with 6 mg Cu/d. No other marker of Cu status or CVD risk factor was affected by Cu supplementation. The results indicate that supplementation with 3 or 6 mg Cu/d may improve Cu status in these healthy young women. Increased Cu intake could reduce the risk of CVD and atherosclerosis in man by promoting improved fibrinolytic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bügel
- Department of Human Nutrition and Centre for Advanced Food Studies, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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26
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Hughes S, Samman S. The Effect of Zinc Supplementation in Humans on Plasma Lipids, Antioxidant Status and Thrombogenesis. J Am Coll Nutr 2006; 25:285-91. [PMID: 16943449 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The potential exists for zinc to influence numerous metabolic functions and to impact a range of diseases. In the present review we examine the reported relationships between zinc and plasma lipids, haemostasis and other factors postulated to play a role in atherogenesis. Ecological studies that investigated zinc intake or status, and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) reveal no consistent pattern. The conflicting observations may be explained by differences in the extent of CHD, site of atherosclerosis, or confounding factors. In most studies the diurnal variation in serum zinc concentrations, and the lifestyle factors that affect cholesterol metabolism were not explicitly considered. Results of randomised controlled trials show that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and the concentrations of LDL-cholesterol (c), total cholesterol and triglycerides in plasma are unaffected by supplementation with up to 150 mg Zn/d. In contrast, plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-c concentrations decline when zinc supplements provide a dose >50 mg/d. Limited data suggest that sustained hyperzincaemia predisposes individuals to thrombogenesis, whereas acute zinc depletion impairs platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time. In addition, Zinc supplements have been shown in some studies to decrease Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase activity, primarily due to the antagonistic relationship between high zinc intakes and copper absorption. Besides the demonstrated adverse effect of zinc supplementation on plasma HDL-c concentrations in apparently healthy men, there is insufficient evidence to determine the role of zinc supplementation in influencing other risk factors for CHD such as antioxidant status and thrombogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Hughes
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Molecular and Microbial Biosciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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27
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Kapil U, Singh P. Serum copper levels among a tribal population in Jharkhand State, India: a pilot survey. Food Nutr Bull 2006; 26:309-11. [PMID: 16222922 DOI: 10.1177/156482650502600309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is an essential trace element that plays a pivotal role in cell physiology. Dietary intake of copper by a population of low-income groups in India has been found to be low, and hence the possibility of dietary copper deficiency exists. OBJECTIVE To determine serum copper levels among tribal populations in India, an area in which data are limited. METHODS The study was conducted among tribal populations 18 to 75 years of age residing in Sahibganj, Jharkhand. Two blocks in the district were selected (from a total of eight) for the detailed study. A semistructured pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic and socioeconomic information about subjects. A total of 995 subjects were enrolled for the present study. Blood was drawn from the antecubital vein and collected in previously labeled polypropylene tubes. Serum copper was determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method and serum samples with copper levels less than 80 microg/dL were considered to have low serum copper levels. RESULTS The mean serum copper concentration of the study subjects was 91.18 +/- 35.48 microg/dL. Thirty-four percent of the study subjects had low serum copper levels (< 80 microg/dL). Nearly 35% of males and 34.4% of females had low serum copper levels. CONCLUSIONS This study documented a high prevalence of low serum copper levels among the studied tribal population. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess the biological implications of copper deficiency among the tribal populations in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Kapil
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
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28
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Abstract
Copper (Cu), a redox active metal, is an essential nutrient for all species studied to date. During the past decade, there has been increasing interest in the concept that marginal deficits of this element can contribute to the development and progression of a number of disease states including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Deficits of this nutrient during pregnancy can result in gross structural malformations in the conceptus, and persistent neurological and immunological abnormalities in the offspring. Excessive amounts of Cu in the body can also pose a risk. Acute Cu toxicity can result in a number of pathologies, and in severe cases, death. Chronic Cu toxicity can result in liver disease and severe neurological defects. The concept that elevated ceruloplasmin is a risk factor for certain diseases is discussed. In this paper, we will review recent literature on the potential causes of Cu deficiency and Cu toxicity, and the pathological consequences associated with the above. Finally, we will review some of the potential biochemical lesions that might underlie these pathologies. Given that oxidative stress is a characteristic of Cu deficiency, the role of Cu in the oxidative defense system will receive special attention. The concept that excess Cu may be a precipitating factor in Alzheimer's disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Y Uriu-Adams
- Department of Nutrition, One Shields Ave., University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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29
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Kim SY, Kim JW, Ko YS, Koo JE, Chung HY, Lee-Kim YC. Changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant trace elements in serum of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer. Nutr Cancer 2004; 47:126-30. [PMID: 15087263 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc4702_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated serum lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, and trace element levels in Korean women as related to uterine cervical neoplasia. Twenty-eight subjects had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 36 had invasive cervical cancer, as determined by a colposcopically directed biopsy, and controls included 44 subjects with normal colposcopic findings. Significantly lower selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) levels and higher copper/Zn ratios were found in both CIN and cancer patients compared with the controls. Serum malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly in the order CIN>cancer>control, implying the involvement of reactive oxygen species at the precancerous stage, that is, prior to progression into invasive cervical cancer. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly lower in patients with CIN or cancer than controls, and total antioxidant ability decreased from controls to CIN to cancer (P < 0.0001). This study demonstrated the involvement of lipid peroxidation, decreased Se and Zn levels, and an impaired serum antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of cervical dysplasia. Further research is needed to examine the possibility of an effective chemopreventive treatment in cervical cancer based on enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Sudaemun-ku, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Lenartowicz M, Kowal M, Buda-Lewandowska D, Styrna J. Pathological structure of the kidney from adult mice with mosaic mutation. J Inherit Metab Dis 2002; 25:647-59. [PMID: 12705495 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022877130344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The mosaic (Atp7a(mo-ms)) is an X-linked, lethal mutation in mice. In mosaic mutant males, many clinical features characteristic of defective copper metabolism have been observed and they die at the age of 15 days, exhibiting strong similarities to the brindled and macular mutants. About 4% of the mutant males live to sexual maturity and some of them are fertile. In this paper, alterations in the structure of the kidney from adult mutants are described. Owing to an inherited defect of efflux, copper is accumulated in the kidney of the mutants up to a toxic level and this leads to severe damage of the renal cortex. Pathological changes in the kidney mostly affected the structure of the renal corpuscle and renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lenartowicz
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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31
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Skrivanová V, Skrivan M, Marounek M, Baran M. Effect of feeding supplemental copper on performance, fatty acid profile and on cholesterol contents and oxidative stability of meat of rabbits. ARCHIV FUR TIERERNAHRUNG 2002; 54:329-39. [PMID: 11921855 DOI: 10.1080/17450390109381989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and four rabbits, five weeks old at the beginning of the experiment, were divided into four groups according to a feed additive treatment. Rabbits of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th group were fed a basal granulated feed (control), basal feed supplemented with CuSO4.5H2O at 50 mg Cu.kg-1, basal feed supplemented with 150 mg Cu.kg-1, and the latter feed supplemented with 100 mg.kg-1 vitamin E, respectively. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. Addition of Cu at 150 mg.kg-1 increased weight gain non-significantly by 9.1%. This effect was the most pronounced in the first two weeks of fattening. The lowest mortality was observed in rabbits fed the highest amount of additives (7.7% vs. 19.2% in the control). Rabbits were slaughtered at the age of 11 weeks. Neither treatment influenced proportions of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids extracted from the loin and hindleg muscles. In rabbits fed the highest amount of copper and vitamin E, the cholesterol concentration was significantly decreased by 13.6% and 17.9% in the loin and hindleg meat, respectively. Effects of Cu added at 50 mg.kg-1 were marginal. Copper had no effect on the oxidative stability of meat, measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in meat stored at 4 degrees C for 0, 3 and 8 days. Vitamin E added in excess of nutritional requirement improved the oxidative stability of meat. In copper-fed rabbits, Cu accumulated in the liver, but not in muscles. Feeding of the basal feed for 7 days to rabbits previously fed copper sulphate decreased the hepatic Cu concentration by 14.0 to 24.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Skrivanová
- Research Institute of Animal Production, Pratelství 815, 104 01 Praha 10, P.O. Box 1, Czech Republic
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32
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Schümann K, Classen HG, Dieter HH, König J, Multhaup G, Rükgauer M, Summer KH, Bernhardt J, Biesalski HK. Hohenheim consensus workshop: copper. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56:469-83. [PMID: 12032645 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2001] [Revised: 07/15/2001] [Accepted: 07/16/2001] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element with many physiological functions. Homeostatic mechanisms exist to allow Cu to act as a cofactor in enzymatic processes and to prevent accumulation of Cu to toxic levels. The aim of this commentary is to better understand the role of dietary Cu supply in deficiency and under physiological and pathological conditions. The essentiality of Cu can be attributed to its role as a cofactor in a number of enzymes that are involved in the defence against oxidative stress. Cu, however, has a second face, that of a toxic compound as it is observed with accumulating evidence in hepatic, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. The destructive potential of Cu can be attributed to inherent physico-chemical properties. The main property is its ability to take part in Fenton-like reactions in which the highly reactive and extremely deleterious hydroxyl radical is formed. Diseases caused by dietary Cu overload could be based on a genetic predisposition. Thus, an assessment of risk-groups, such as infants with impaired mechanisms of Cu homeostasis regarding detoxification, is of special interest, as their Cu intake with resuspended formula milk may be very high. This implies the need for reliable diagnostic markers to determine the Cu status. These topics were introduced at the workshop by the participants followed by extensive group discussion. The consensus statements were agreed on by all members. One of the conclusions is that a re-assessment of published data is necessary and future research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schümann
- Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der LMU, München, Germany
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33
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Turley E, McKeown A, Bonham MP, O'Connor JM, Chopra M, Harvey LJ, Majsak-Newman G, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Bügel S, Sandström B, Rock E, Mazur A, Rayssiguier Y, Strain JJ. Copper supplementation in humans does not affect the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to in vitro induced oxidation (FOODCUE project). Free Radic Biol Med 2000; 29:1129-34. [PMID: 11121720 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(00)00409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Copper (Cu) is essential for antioxidant enzymes in vivo and animal studies show that Cu deficiency is accompanied by increased atherogenesis and LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Nevertheless, Cu has been proposed as a pro-oxidant in vivo and is routinely used to induce lipid peroxidation in vitro. Given the dual role of Cu as an in vivo antioxidant and an in vitro pro-oxidant, a multicenter European study (FOODCUE) was instigated to provide data on the biological effects of increased dietary Cu. Four centers, Northern Ireland (coordinator), England, Denmark, and France, using different experimental protocols, examined the effect of Cu supplementation (3 or 6 mg/d) on top of normal Cu dietary intakes or Cu-controlled diets (0.7/1.6/6.0 mg/d), on Cu-mediated and peroxynitrite-initiated LDL oxidation in apparently healthy volunteers. Each center coordinated its own supplementation regimen and all samples were subsequently transported to Northern Ireland where lipid peroxidation analysis was completed. The results from all centers showed that dietary Cu supplementation had no effect on Cu- or peroxynitrite-induced LDL susceptibility to oxidation. These data show that high intakes (up to 6 mg Cu) for extended periods do not promote LDL susceptibility to in vitro-induced oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Turley
- NICHE, University of Ulster, Northern, Coleraine, Ireland
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34
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Millo H, Werman MJ. Hepatic fructose-metabolizing enzymes and related metabolites: role of dietary copper and gender. J Nutr Biochem 2000; 11:374-81. [PMID: 11044632 DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2863(00)00093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to further examine the hypothesis that variations in hepatic fructose-metabolizing enzymes between males and females might account for the differences in the severity of copper (Cu) deficiency observed in fructose-fed male rats. Weanling rats of both sexes were fed high-fructose diets either adequate or deficient in copper for 45 days. Cu deficiency decreased sorbitol dehydrogenase activity and dihydroxyacetone phosphate levels and increased glyceraldehyde levels in both sexes. Gender effects were expressed by higher activities of glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase in male than in female rats and higher levels of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate (F1,6DP) in female than in male rats. The interactions between dietary Cu and gender were as follows: alcohol dehydrogenase activities were higher in female rats and were further increased by Cu deficiency in both sexes; aldehyde dehydrogenase activities were decreased by Cu deficiency only in male rats; sorbitol levels were higher in male rats and were further increased by Cu deficiency in male rats; fructose 1-phosphate (F1P) levels were increased by Cu deficiency in both sexes, but to a greater extent in male rats; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate levels were higher in female rats, but were decreased by Cu deficiency in female and increased in male rats. Though most of the examined hepatic fructose-metabolizing enzymes and metabolites showed great differences between rats fed diets either adequate or deficient in Cu, it is the activity of fructokinase and aldolase-B, and the concentrations of their common metabolites, F1P and notably F1,6DP, that could be in part responsible for differences in the severity of pathologies associated with Cu deficiency observed between female and male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Millo
- Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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35
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Frank A, Sell DR, Danielsson R, Fogarty JF, Monnier VM. A syndrome of molybdenosis, copper deficiency, and type 2 diabetes in the moose population of south-west Sweden. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2000; 249:123-31. [PMID: 10813452 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the mid-1980s, a 'mysterious' disease has been afflicting the moose (Alces alces L.) population of south-western Sweden. Molybdenosis combined with secondary copper deficiency syndrome has been suggested as the cause of the clinical signs and of necropsy findings, supported by trace element analysis. Copper deficiency has long been associated with disturbed carbohydrate metabolism and also with oxidative stress. When testing the oxidative stress hypothesis, we found increased concentrations of the glycoxidation products pentosidine and carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), both in plasma proteins and in renal tissue, when compared with control values. The concentration of glycated lysine (furosine), a marker of hyperglycaemia, was also increased. These data, together with elevated insulin levels in affected moose, strongly suggest that they are suffering from an environmentally-induced, non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
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36
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Influence of supranutritional vitamin E and copper on α-tocopherol deposition and susceptibility to lipid oxidation of porcine membranal fractions of M. Psoas major and M. Longissimus dorsi. Meat Sci 2000; 54:377-84. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(99)00113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/1999] [Accepted: 08/08/1999] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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Root MM, Hu J, Stephenson LS, Parker RS, Campbell TC. Determinants of plasma retinol concentrations of middle-aged women in rural China. Nutrition 1999; 15:101-7. [PMID: 9990573 DOI: 10.1016/s0899-9007(98)00173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the correlates and possible determinants of plasma vitamin A among middle-aged women in rural China. The vitamin A adequacy of the different diets at the five widely varying survey sites was also assessed. Patterns of correlations among dietary and biochemical measurements were strikingly different from previous studies in Western subjects. Plasma beta-carotene was uncorrelated with beta-carotene intake even after adjusting for potential confounders. In counties with low preformed vitamin A intake, plasma retinol correlated with plasma copper (P = 0.007), which in turn was correlated with dietary intake of copper (P = 0.007). In these counties plasma retinol was correlated with plasma beta-carotene (P = 0.001) and was increased 10% in women in the first 2 y of menopause (P = 0.028). Plasma retinol and C-reactive protein levels are inversely correlated (r = -0.15, P < 0.001), indicating that vitamin A status and inflammatory response may be related but the causal direction is unknown. Despite low intake of vitamin A (county averages of 13-78% of recommended daily allowance [RDA]), and particularly of preformed vitamin A, only 3% of these women had plasma retinol levels below 0.7 mumol/L, considered to indicate possible marginal deficiency. Plasma levels of retinol and beta-carotene were more influenced by intrinsic factors such as menopause, lipid status, retinol requirements, and possibly copper status and inflammation than by extrinsic factors such as diet and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Root
- Biomar International, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA.
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38
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Abstracts of Communications. Proc Nutr Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1079/pns19980024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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40
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Rock E, Gueux E, Mazur A, Motta C, Rayssiguier Y. Anemia in copper-deficient rats: role of alterations in erythrocyte membrane fluidity and oxidative damage. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1995; 269:C1245-9. [PMID: 7491915 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.5.c1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to make precise the nature and the mechanism of the anemia induced by dietary copper (Cu) deficiency. Male Wistar rats were pair fed from weanling for 6 wk either a Cu-deficient or a control diet. The reduced red blood cell (RBC) 51Cr survival indicates an increased destruction of RBC during Cu deficiency. 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence polarization studies revealed an increase in the fluidity of erythrocyte membranes from deficient rats. The reduced cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio was consistent with the increased fluidity. Other results indicate an increased vulnerability of RBC to hemolysis in dilute hydrogen peroxide and an increased formation of lipid peroxidation products. Before exposure to free radical stress, electron spin resonance studies in intact RBC revealed decreased correlation time of 16-doxyl-stearic acid, confirming a more fluid membrane in RBC from Cu-deficient rats. After in vitro peroxidation, RBC from Cu-deficient rats showed a more ordered state of membrane lipids compared with controls. Together, these studies demonstrate the hemolytic nature of the anemia. The shortened survival of erythrocytes apparently results from changes in membrane fluidity and enhanced susceptibility to peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rock
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Theix, St-Genès-Champanelle, France
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